Chapter LXXXII: Section 3: , Taipei, Taiwan, telephone: 886 (2) 2162-2000, FAX (17)

Guam
Guam receives large transfer payments from the US Federal
Treasury ($143 million in 1997) into which Guamanians pay no income
or excise taxes; under the provisions of a special law of Congress,
the Guam Treasury, rather than the US Treasury, receives federal
income taxes paid by military and civilian Federal employees
stationed in Guam (2001 est.)

Guatemala
$250 million (2000 est.)

Guernsey
NA

Guinea
$359.2 million (1998)

Guinea-Bissau
$115.4 million (1995)

Guyana
$84 million (1995), Heavily Indebted Poor Country Initiative
(HIPC) $253 million (1997)

Haiti
$150 million (FY04 est.)

Holy See (Vatican City)
none

Honduras
$557.8 million (1999)

Hungary
$4.2 billion in available EU structural adjustment and
cohesion funds (2004-06)

India
$2.9 billion (FY98/99)

Indonesia
$43 billion
note: Indonesia finished its IMF program in December 2003 but still
receives bilateral aid through the Consultative Group on Indonesia
(CGI), which pledged $2.8 billion in grants and loans for 2004 and
again in 2005; nearly $4 billion in aid money pledged by a variety
of foreign governments and other groups following the 2004 tsunami;
money is slated for use in relief and rebuilding efforts in Aceh.

Iran
$408 million (2002 est.)

Iraq
more than $33 billion in foreign aid pledged for 2004-07 (2004)

Israel
$662 million from US (2003 est.)

Jamaica
$16 million (2003)

Jersey
none

Jordan
ODA, $500 million (2004 est.)

Kazakhstan
$74.2 million in US assistance programs, 1992-2000
(FY2004)

Kenya
$453 million (1997)

Kiribati
$15.5 million largely from UK and Japan (2001 est.)

Korea, North
NA; note - over $117 million in food aid through the
World Food Program in 2003 plus additional aid from bilateral donors
and non-governmental organizations

Kuwait
NA (2001)

Kyrgyzstan
$50 million from the US (2001)

Laos
$243 million (2001 est.)

Latvia
$96.2 million (1995)

Lebanon
$2.2 billion received (2003), out of the $4.2 billion in
soft loans pledged at the November 2002 Paris II Aid Conference

Lesotho
$41.5 million (2000)

Liberia
$94 million (1999)

Libya
$4.4 million ODA (2002)

Liechtenstein
none

Lithuania
$228.5 million (1995)

Macau
NA

Macedonia
$250 million (2003 est.)

Madagascar
$354 million (2001)

Malawi
$540 million (1999)

Maldives
NA (1995)

Mali
$596.4 million (2001)

Malta
NA

Man, Isle of
NA

Marshall Islands
more than $1 billion from the US, 1986-2002

Martinique
NA; note - substantial annual aid from France (1998)

Mauritania
$220 million (2000)

Mauritius
$42 million (1997)

Mayotte
$107.7 million; note - extensive French financial assistance
(1995)

Mexico
$1.166 billion (1995)

Micronesia, Federated States of
under terms of the Compact of Free
Association, the US pledged $1.3 billion in grant aid during the
period 1986-2001; the level of aid has been subsequently reduced

Moldova
$100 million (2000)

Monaco
NA

Mongolia
$215 million (2003)

Montserrat
Country Policy Plan (2001) is a three-year program for
spending $122.8 million in British budgetary assistance (2002 est.)

Morocco
ODA $218 million (2002)

Mozambique
$632.8 million (2001)

Namibia
ODA $160 million (2000 est.)

Nauru
$2.25 million from Australia (FY96/97 est.)

Nepal
$424 million (FY00/01)

Netherlands Antilles
IMF provided $61 million in 2000, and the
Netherlands continued its support with $40 million (2000)

New Caledonia
$880 million annual subsidy from France (1998)

Nicaragua
$541.8 million (2003)

Niger
$341 million (1997)

Nigeria
IMF $250 million (1998)

Niue
$2.6 million from New Zealand (2002)

Norfolk Island
NA

Northern Mariana Islands
extensive funding from US

Oman
$76.4 million (1995)

Pakistan
$2.4 billion (FY01/02)

Palau
$155.8 million ; note - the Compact of Free Association with
the US, entered into after the end of the UN trusteeship on 1
October 1994, provides Palau with up to $700 million in US aid over
15 years in return for furnishing military facilities

Panama
$197.1 million (1995)

Papua New Guinea
$400 million (1999 est.)

Paraguay
NA

Peru
$491 million (2002)

Philippines
ODA commitments, $2 billion (2004)

Pitcairn Islands
$3.465 million (2004)

Poland
$17 billion in available EU structural adjustment and
cohesion funds (2004-06)

Puerto Rico
NA (2001)

Qatar
NA

Reunion
NA; note - substantial annual subsidies from France (2001
est.)

Russia
in FY01 from US, $979 million (including $750 million in
non-proliferation subsidies); in 2001 from EU, $200 million (2000
est.)

Rwanda
$372.9 million (1999)

Saint Helena
$12.6 million (1995); note - $5.3 million from UK (1997)

Saint Kitts and Nevis
$8 million (2001)

Saint Lucia
$51.8 million (1995)

Saint Pierre and Miquelon
approximately $60 million in annual grants
from France

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
$47.5 million (1995); note - EU
$34.5 million (1998)

Samoa
$42.9 million (1995)

San Marino
$NA

Sao Tome and Principe
$200 million in December 2000 under the HIPC
program

Senegal
$362.6 million (2002 est.)

Serbia and Montenegro
$2 billion pledged in 2001 (disbursements to
follow for several years)

Seychelles
$16.4 million (1995)

Sierra Leone
$103 million (2001 est.)

Singapore
NA

Slovakia
$2.2 billion in available EU structural adjustment and
cohesion funds (2004-06)

Slovenia
ODA, $62 million (2000 est.)

Solomon Islands
$28 million annually, mainly from Australia (2003
est.)

Somalia
$60 million (1999 est.)

South Africa
$487.5 million (2000)

Sri Lanka
$577 million (1998)

Sudan
$172 million (2001)

Suriname
Netherlands provided $37 million for project and program
assistance, European Development Fund $4 million, Belgium $2 million
(1998)

Svalbard
$8.2 million from Norway (1998)

Swaziland
$104 million (2001)

Syria
$180 million (2002 est.)

Tajikistan
$60.7 million from US (2001)

Tanzania
$1.2 billion (2001)

Thailand
$72 million (2002)

Togo
ODA $80 million (2000 est.)

Tokelau
from New Zealand about $4 million annually

Tonga
Australia $5.5 million, New Zealand $2.3 million (FY01/02)

Trinidad and Tobago
$24 million (1999 est.)

Tunisia
$114.6 million (2002)

Turkey
ODA, $635.8 million (2002)

Turkmenistan
$16 million from the US (2001)

Turks and Caicos Islands
$4.1 million (1997)

Tuvalu
$13 million; note - major donors are Australia, Japan, and
the US (1999 est.)

Uganda
$1.4 billion (2000)

Ukraine
$637.7 million (1995); IMF Extended Funds Facility $2.2
billion (1998)

Uruguay
NA

Uzbekistan
$87.4 million from the US (2003)

Vanuatu
$27.5 million (2002)

Venezuela
$74 million (2000)

Vietnam
$2.8 billion in credits and grants pledged by international
donors for 2000 (2004)

Virgin Islands
NA

Wallis and Futuna
assistance from France

West Bank
$2 billion (includes Gaza Strip) (2004 est.)

Western Sahara
NA

World
$154 billion official development assistance (ODA) (2004)

Yemen
$2.3 billion (2003-07 disbursements) (2003-07 disbursements)

Zambia
$651 million (2000 est.)

Zimbabwe
$178 million; note - the EU and the US provide food aid on
humanitarian grounds (2000 est.)

This page was last updated on 20 October, 2005

======================================================================

@2065 Currency (code)

Afghanistan
afghani (AFA)

Albania
lek (ALL)

Algeria
Algerian dinar (DZD)

American Samoa
US dollar (USD)

Andorra
euro (EUR)

Angola
kwanza (AOA)

Anguilla
East Caribbean dollar (XCD)

Antigua and Barbuda
East Caribbean dollar (XCD)

Argentina
Argentine peso (ARS)

Armenia
dram (AMD)

Aruba
Aruban guilder/florin (AWG)

Australia
Australian dollar (AUD)

Austria
euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the European Monetary Union introduced the
euro as a common currency to be used by the financial institutions
of member countries; as of 1 January 2002, the euro became the only
legal tender in EMU member countries, including Austria

Azerbaijan
Azerbaijani manat (AZM)

Bahamas, The
Bahamian dollar (BSD)

Bahrain
Bahraini dinar (BHD)

Bangladesh
taka (BDT)

Barbados
Barbadian dollar (BBD)

Belarus
Belarusian ruble (BYB/BYR)

Belgium
euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the European Monetary Union introduced the
euro as a common currency to be used by financial institutions of
member countries; on 1 January 2002, the euro became the sole
currency for everyday transactions within the member countries

Belize
Belizean dollar (BZD)

Benin
Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XOF); note -
responsible authority is the Central Bank of the West African States

Bermuda
Bermudian dollar (BMD)

Bhutan
ngultrum (BTN); Indian rupee (INR)

Bolivia
boliviano (BOB)

Bosnia and Herzegovina
marka (BAM)

Botswana
pula (BWP)

Brazil
real (BRL)

British Virgin Islands
US dollar (USD)

Brunei
Bruneian dollar (BND)

Bulgaria
lev (BGL)

Burkina Faso
Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XOF); note -
responsible authority is the Central Bank of the West African States

Burma
kyat (MMK)

Burundi
Burundi franc (BIF)

Cambodia
riel (KHR)

Cameroon
Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XAF); note -
responsible authority is the Bank of the Central African States

Canada
Canadian dollar (CAD)

Cape Verde
Cape Verdean escudo (CVE)

Cayman Islands
Caymanian dollar (KYD)

Central African Republic
Communaute Financiere Africaine franc
(XAF); note - responsible authority is the Bank of the Central
African States

Chad
Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XAF); note - responsible
authority is the Bank of the Central African States

Chile
Chilean peso (CLP)

China
yuan (CNY)
note:: also referred to as the Renminbi (RMB)

Christmas Island
Australian dollar (AUD)

Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Australian dollar (AUD)

Colombia
Colombian peso (COP)

Comoros
Comoran franc (KMF)

Congo, Democratic Republic of the
Congolese franc (CDF)

Congo, Republic of the
Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XAF);
note - responsible authority is the Bank of the Central African
States

Cook Islands
New Zealand dollar (NZD)

Costa Rica
Costa Rican colon (CRC)

Cote d'Ivoire
Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XOF); note -
responsible authority is the Central Bank of the West African States

Croatia
kuna (HRK)

Cuba
Cuban peso (CUP) and Convertible peso (CUC)

Cyprus
Greek Cypriot area: Cypriot pound (CYP); Turkish Cypriot
area: Turkish lira (TRL)

Czech Republic
Czech koruna (CZK)

Denmark
Danish krone (DKK)

Djibouti
Djiboutian franc (DJF)

Dominica
East Caribbean dollar (XCD)

Dominican Republic
Dominican peso (DOP)

East Timor
US dollar (USD)

Ecuador
US dollar (USD)

Egypt
Egyptian pound (EGP)

El Salvador
US dollar (USD)

Equatorial Guinea
Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XAF); note
- responsible authority is the Bank of the Central African States

Eritrea
nakfa (ERN)

Estonia
Estonian kroon (EEK)

Ethiopia
birr (ETB)

European Union
euro, British pound, Danish kroner, Swedish kroner,
Cypriot pound, koruny (Czech Republic), krooni (Estonia), forint
(Hungary), lati (Latvia), litai (Lithuania), Maltese liri, zloty
(Poland), koruny (Slovakia), tolar (Slovenia)

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
Falkland pound (FKP)

Faroe Islands
Danish krone (DKK)

Fiji
Fijian dollar (FJD)

Finland
euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the European Monetary Union introduced the
euro as a common currency to be used by financial institutions of
member countries; on 1 January 2002, the euro became the sole
currency for everyday transactions within the member countries

France
euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the European Monetary Union introduced the
euro as a common currency to be used by financial institutions of
member countries; on 1 January 2002, the euro became the sole
currency for everyday transactions within the member countries

French Guiana
euro (EUR)

French Polynesia
Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique franc (XPF)

Gabon
Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XAF); note -
responsible authority is the Bank of the Central African States

Gambia, The
dalasi (GMD)

Gaza Strip
new Israeli shekel (ILS)

Georgia
lari (GEL)

Germany
euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the European Monetary Union introduced the
euro as a common currency to be used by financial institutions of
member countries; on 1 January 2002, the euro became the sole
currency for everyday transactions within the member countries

Ghana
cedi (GHC)

Gibraltar
Gibraltar pound (GIP)

Greece
euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the European Monetary Union introduced the
euro as a common currency to be used by financial institutions of
member countries; on 1 January 2002, the euro became the sole
currency for everyday transactions within the member countries

Greenland
Danish krone (DKK)

Grenada
East Caribbean dollar (XCD)

Guadeloupe
euro (EUR)

Guam
US dollar (USD)

Guatemala
quetzal (GTQ), US dollar (USD), others allowed

Guernsey
British pound (GBP); note - there is also a Guernsey pound

Guinea
Guinean franc (GNF)

Guinea-Bissau
Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XOF); note -
responsible authority is the Central Bank of the West African
States; previously the Guinea-Bissau peso (GWP) was used

Guyana
Guyanese dollar (GYD)

Haiti
gourde (HTG)

Holy See (Vatican City)
euro (EUR)

Honduras
lempira (HNL)

Hong Kong
Hong Kong dollar (HKD)

Hungary
forint (HUF)

Iceland
Icelandic krona (ISK)

India
Indian rupee (INR)

Indonesia
Indonesian rupiah (IDR)

Iran
Iranian rial (IRR)

Iraq
New Iraqi dinar (NID) as of 22 January 2004

Ireland
euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the European Monetary Union introduced the
euro as a common currency to be used by financial institutions of
member countries; on 1 January 2002, the euro became the sole
currency for everyday transactions within the member countries

Israel
new Israeli shekel (ILS); note - NIS is the currency
abbreviation; ILS is the International Organization for
Standarization (ISO) code for the NIS

Italy
euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the European Monetary Union introduced the
euro as a common currency to be used by financial institutions of
member countries; on 1 January 2002, the euro became the sole
currency for everyday transactions within the member countries

Jamaica
Jamaican dollar (JMD)

Japan
yen (JPY)

Jersey
British pound (GBP); note - there is also a Jersey pound

Jordan
Jordanian dinar (JOD)

Kazakhstan
tenge (KZT)

Kenya
Kenyan shilling (KES)

Kiribati
Australian dollar (AUD)

Korea, North
North Korean won (KPW)

Korea, South
South Korean won (KRW)

Kuwait
Kuwaiti dinar (KD)

Kyrgyzstan

Laos
kip (LAK)

Latvia
Latvian lat (LVL)

Lebanon
Lebanese pound (LBP)

Lesotho
loti (LSL); South African rand (ZAR)

Liberia
Liberian dollar (LRD)

Libya
Libyan dinar (LYD)

Liechtenstein
Swiss franc (CHF)

Lithuania
litas (LTL)

Luxembourg
euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the European Monetary Union introduced the
euro as a common currency to be used by financial institutions of
member countries; on 1 January 2002, the euro became the sole
currency for everyday transactions within the member countries

Macau
pataca (MOP)

Macedonia
Macedonian denar (MKD)

Madagascar
Madagascar ariary (MGA)

Malawi
Malawian kwacha (MWK)

Malaysia
ringgit (MYR)

Maldives
rufiyaa (MVR)

Mali
Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XOF); note - responsible
authority is the Central Bank of the West African States

Malta
Maltese lira (MTL)

Man, Isle of
British pound (GBP); note - there is also a Manx pound

Marshall Islands
US dollar (USD)

Martinique
euro (EUR)

Mauritania
ouguiya (MRO)

Mauritius
Mauritian rupee (MUR)

Mayotte
euro (EUR)

Mexico
Mexican peso (MXN)

Micronesia, Federated States of
US dollar (USD)

Moldova
Moldovan leu (MDL)

Monaco
euro (EUR)

Mongolia
togrog/tugrik (MNT)

Montserrat
East Caribbean dollar (XCD)

Morocco
Moroccan dirham (MAD)

Mozambique
metical (MZM)

Namibia
Namibian dollar (NAD); South African rand (ZAR)

Nauru
Australian dollar (AUD)

Nepal
Nepalese rupee (NPR)

Netherlands
euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the European Monetary Union introduced the
euro as a common currency to be used by financial institutions of
member countries; on 1 January 2002, the euro became the sole
currency for everyday transactions within the member countries

Netherlands Antilles
Netherlands Antillean guilder (ANG)

New Caledonia
Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique franc (XPF)

New Zealand
New Zealand dollar (NZD)

Nicaragua
gold cordoba (NIO)

Niger
Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XOF); note -
responsible authority is the Central Bank of the West African States

Nigeria
naira (NGN)

Niue
New Zealand dollar (NZD)

Norfolk Island
Australian dollar (AUD)

Northern Mariana Islands
US dollar (USD)

Norway
Norwegian krone (NOK)

Oman
Omani rial (OMR)

Pakistan
Pakistani rupee (PKR)

Palau
US dollar (USD)

Panama
balboa (PAB); US dollar (USD)

Papua New Guinea
kina (PGK)

Paraguay
guarani (PYG)

Peru
nuevo sol (PEN)

Philippines
Philippine peso (PHP)

Pitcairn Islands
New Zealand dollar (NZD)

Poland
zloty (PLN)

Portugal
euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the European Monetary Union introduced the
euro as a common currency to be used by financial institutions of
member countries; on 1 January 2002, the euro became the sole
currency for everyday transactions within the member countries

Puerto Rico
US dollar (USD)

Qatar
Qatari rial (QAR)

Reunion
euro (EUR)

Romania
leu (ROL)

Russia
Russian ruble (RUR)

Rwanda
Rwandan franc (RWF)

Saint Helena
Saint Helenian pound (SHP)

Saint Kitts and Nevis
East Caribbean dollar (XCD)

Saint Lucia
East Caribbean dollar (XCD)

Saint Pierre and Miquelon
euro (EUR)

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
East Caribbean dollar (XCD)

Samoa
tala (SAT)

San Marino
euro (EUR)

Sao Tome and Principe
dobra (STD)

Saudi Arabia
Saudi riyal (SAR)

Senegal
Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XOF); note -
responsible authority is the Central Bank of the West African States

Serbia and Montenegro
new Yugoslav dinar (YUM); note - in Montenegro
the euro is legal tender; in Kosovo both the euro and the Yugoslav
dinar are legal

Seychelles
Seychelles rupee (SCR)

Sierra Leone
leone (SLL)

Singapore
Singapore dollar (SGD)

Slovakia
Slovak koruna (SKK)

Slovenia
tolar (SIT)

Solomon Islands
Solomon Islands dollar (SBD)

Somalia
Somali shilling (SOS)

South Africa
rand (ZAR)

Spain
euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the European Monetary Union introduced the
euro as a common currency to be used by the financial institutions
of member countries; on 1 January 2002, the euro became the sole
currency for everyday transactions with the member countries

Sri Lanka
Sri Lankan rupee (LKR)

Sudan
Sudanese dinar (SDD)

Suriname
Surinam dollar (SRD)

Svalbard
Norwegian krone (NOK)

Swaziland
lilangeni (SZL)

Sweden
Swedish krona (SEK)

Switzerland
Swiss franc (CHF)

Syria
Syrian pound (SYP)

Taiwan
new Taiwan dollar (TWD)

Tajikistan
somoni

Tanzania
Tanzanian shilling (TZS)

Thailand
baht (THB)

Togo
Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XOF); note - responsible
authority is the Central Bank of the West African States

Tokelau
New Zealand dollar (NZD)

Tonga
pa'anga (TOP)

Trinidad and Tobago
Trinidad and Tobago dollar (TTD)

Tunisia
Tunisian dinar (TND)

Turkey
Turkish lira (TRL), New Turkish lira (YTL) after 1 January
2005

Turkmenistan
Turkmen manat (TMM)

Turks and Caicos Islands
US dollar (USD)

Tuvalu
Australian dollar (AUD); note - there is also a Tuvaluan
dollar

Uganda
Ugandan shilling (UGX)

Ukraine
hryvnia (UAH)

United Arab Emirates
Emirati dirham (AED)

United Kingdom
British pound (GBP)

United States
US dollar (USD)

Uruguay
Uruguayan peso (UYU)

Uzbekistan
Uzbekistani sum (UZS)

Vanuatu
vatu (VUV)

Venezuela
bolivar (VEB)

Vietnam
dong (VND)

Virgin Islands
US dollar (USD)

Wallis and Futuna
Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique franc (XPF)

West Bank
new Israeli shekel (ILS); Jordanian dinar (JOD)

Western Sahara
Moroccan dirham (MAD)

Yemen
Yemeni rial (YER)

Zambia
Zambian kwacha (ZMK)

Zimbabwe
Zimbabwean dollar (ZWD)

This page was last updated on 20 October, 2005

======================================================================

@2066 Death rate (deaths/1,000 population)

Afghanistan
20.75 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Albania
5.12 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Algeria
4.6 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

American Samoa
3.33 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Andorra
6.07 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Angola
25.9 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Anguilla
5.43 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Antigua and Barbuda
5.44 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Argentina
7.56 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Armenia
8.16 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Aruba
6.57 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Australia
7.44 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Austria
9.7 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Azerbaijan
9.86 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Bahamas, The
8.97 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Bahrain
4.08 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Bangladesh
8.4 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Barbados
9.17 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Belarus
14.15 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Belgium
10.22 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Belize
6.04 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Benin
13.76 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Bermuda
7.63 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Bhutan
12.94 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Bolivia
7.64 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Bosnia and Herzegovina
8.44 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Botswana
29.36 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Brazil
6.15 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

British Virgin Islands
4.42 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Brunei
3.42 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Bulgaria
14.26 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Burkina Faso
18.86 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Burma
12.15 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Burundi
17.43 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Cambodia
8.97 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Cameroon
15.4 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Canada
7.73 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Cape Verde
6.62 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Cayman Islands
4.81 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Central African Republic
20.27 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Chad
16.41 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Chile
5.76 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

China
6.94 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Christmas Island
NA

Cocos (Keeling) Islands
NA

Colombia
5.59 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Comoros
8.4 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Congo, Democratic Republic of the
14.43 deaths/1,000 population
(2005 est.)

Congo, Republic of the
14.82 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Cook Islands
NA

Costa Rica
4.33 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Cote d'Ivoire
14.94 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Croatia
11.38 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Cuba
7.19 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Cyprus
7.64 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Czech Republic
10.54 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Denmark
10.43 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Djibouti
19.39 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Dominica
6.81 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Dominican Republic
7.35 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

East Timor
6.3 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Ecuador
4.24 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Egypt
5.26 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

El Salvador
5.85 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Equatorial Guinea
12 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Eritrea
13.53 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Estonia
13.21 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Ethiopia
15.06 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

European Union
10.1 deaths/1,000 population (July 2005 est.)

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
NA deaths/1,000 population (2005
est.)

Faroe Islands
8.69 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Fiji
5.65 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Finland
9.79 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

France
9.08 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

French Guiana
4.85 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

French Polynesia
4.63 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Gabon
11.72 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Gambia, The
11.81 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Gaza Strip
3.87 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Georgia
9.09 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Germany
10.55 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Ghana
10.84 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Gibraltar
9.18 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Greece
10.15 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Greenland
7.77 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Grenada
7.17 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Guadeloupe
6.06 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Guam
4.41 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Guatemala
6.81 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Guernsey
9.95 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Guinea
15.38 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Guinea-Bissau
16.53 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Guyana
8.32 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Haiti
12.34 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Honduras
6.87 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Hong Kong
5.98 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Hungary
13.19 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Iceland
6.68 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

India
8.28 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Indonesia
6.25 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Iran
5.55 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Iraq
5.49 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Ireland
7.85 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Israel
6.18 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Italy
10.3 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Jamaica
5.37 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Japan
8.95 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Jersey
9.19 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Jordan
2.63 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Kazakhstan
9.46 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Kenya
14.65 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Kiribati
8.37 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Korea, North
7.05 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Korea, South
6.26 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Kuwait
2.42 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Kyrgyzstan
7.13 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Laos
11.83 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Latvia
13.7 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Lebanon
6.24 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Lesotho
25.03 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Liberia
17.87 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Libya
3.48 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Liechtenstein
7.06 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Lithuania
10.92 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Luxembourg
8.41 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Macau
4.23 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Macedonia
8.73 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Madagascar
11.35 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Malawi
23.39 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Malaysia
5.06 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Maldives
7.24 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Mali
19.05 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Malta
8 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Man, Isle of
11.26 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Marshall Islands
4.88 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Martinique
6.44 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Mauritania
12.44 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Mauritius
6.83 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Mayotte
7.9 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Mexico
4.73 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Micronesia, Federated States of
4.87 deaths/1,000 population (2005
est.)

Moldova
12.79 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Monaco
12.71 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Mongolia
7.03 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Montserrat
7.17 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Morocco
5.64 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Mozambique
20.99 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Namibia
18.36 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Nauru
6.82 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Nepal
9.47 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Netherlands
8.68 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Netherlands Antilles
6.41 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

New Caledonia
5.65 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

New Zealand
7.53 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Nicaragua
4.49 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Niger
21.33 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Nigeria
17.18 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Niue
NA deaths/1,000 population

Norfolk Island
NA

Northern Mariana Islands
2.3 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Norway
9.45 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Oman
3.86 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Pakistan
8.45 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Palau
6.85 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Panama
6.54 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Papua New Guinea
7.37 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Paraguay
4.53 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Peru
6.26 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Philippines
5.47 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Pitcairn Islands
NA

Poland
10.01 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Portugal
10.43 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Puerto Rico
7.86 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Qatar
4.61 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Reunion
5.48 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Romania
11.74 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Russia
14.52 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Rwanda
16.32 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Saint Helena
6.43 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Saint Kitts and Nevis
8.47 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Saint Lucia
5.12 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Saint Pierre and Miquelon
6.7 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
6 deaths/1,000 population (2005
est.)

Samoa
6.54 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

San Marino
8.07 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Sao Tome and Principe
6.68 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Saudi Arabia
2.62 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Senegal
10.6 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Serbia and Montenegro
10.49 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Seychelles
6.34 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Sierra Leone
20.61 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Singapore
4.16 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Slovakia
9.43 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Slovenia
10.22 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Solomon Islands
3.98 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Somalia
16.97 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

South Africa
21.32 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Spain
9.63 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Sri Lanka
6.49 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Sudan
9.16 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Suriname
7.16 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Svalbard
NA deaths/1,000 population

Swaziland
25.26 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Sweden
10.36 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Switzerland
8.48 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Syria
4.88 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Taiwan
6.38 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Tajikistan
8.39 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Tanzania
16.71 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Thailand
7.02 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Togo
11.8 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Tokelau
NA

Tonga
5.35 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Trinidad and Tobago
9.37 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Tunisia
5.09 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Turkey
5.96 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Turkmenistan
8.78 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Turks and Caicos Islands
4.28 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Tuvalu
7.22 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Uganda
12.8 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Ukraine
16.42 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

United Arab Emirates
4.26 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

United Kingdom
10.18 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

United States
8.25 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Uruguay
9.06 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Uzbekistan
7.95 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Vanuatu
7.9 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Venezuela
4.9 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Vietnam
6.2 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Virgin Islands
6.26 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Wallis and Futuna
NA deaths/1,000 population

West Bank
3.99 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Western Sahara
NA deaths/1,000 population

World
8.78 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Yemen
8.53 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Zambia
20.23 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Zimbabwe
24.66 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

This page was last updated on 20 October, 2005

======================================================================

@2067 Military expenditures - dollar figure

Afghanistan
$188.4 million (2004)

Albania
$56.5 million (FY02)

Algeria
$2.48 billion (2004)

Angola
$183.58 million (2004)

Antigua and Barbuda
NA

Argentina
$4.3 billion (FY99)

Armenia
$135 million (FY01)

Australia
$16.65 billion (2004)

Austria
$1.497 billion (FY01/02)

Azerbaijan
$121 million (FY99)

Bahamas, The
NA

Bahrain
$628.9 million (2004)

Bangladesh
$995.3 million (2004)

Barbados
NA

Belarus
$176.1 million (FY02)

Belgium
$3.999 billion (2003)

Belize
$18 million (2003)

Benin
$96.5 million (2004)

Bermuda
$4.03 million (2001)

Bhutan
$13.7 million (2004)

Bolivia
$132.2 million (2004)

Bosnia and Herzegovina
$234.3 million (FY02)

Botswana
$338.5 million (2004)

Brazil
$11 billion (2004)

Brunei
$290.7 million (2004)

Bulgaria
$356 million (FY02)

Burkina Faso
$64.2 million (2004)

Burma
$39 million (FY97)

Burundi
$38.7 million (2004)

Cambodia
$112 million (FY01 est.)

Cameroon
$221.1 million (2004)

Canada
$9,801.7 million (2003)

Cape Verde
$14.1 million (2004)

Central African Republic
$15.5 million (2004)

Chad
$101.3 million (2004)

Chile
$3.42 billion (2004)

China
$67.49 billion (2004)

Colombia
$3.3 billion (FY01)

Comoros
$11.6 million (2004)

Congo, Democratic Republic of the
$93.5 million (2004)

Congo, Republic of the
$126.5 million (2004)

Costa Rica
$64.2 million (2004)

Cote d'Ivoire
$180.2 million (2004)

Croatia
$620 million (2004)

Cuba
$572.3 million (2003)

Cyprus
$384 million (FY02)

Czech Republic
$2.17 billion (2004)

Denmark
$3,271.6 million (2003)

Djibouti
$28.6 million (2004)

Dominica
NA

Dominican Republic
$180 million (1998)

East Timor
$4.4 million (FY03)

Ecuador
$655 million (2004)

Egypt
$2.44 billion (2003)

El Salvador
$157 million (2003)

Equatorial Guinea
$126.2 million (2004)

Eritrea
$151 million (2004)

Estonia
$155 million (2002 est.)

Ethiopia
$337.1 million (2004)

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
NA

Faroe Islands
$NA

Fiji
$36 million (2004)

Finland
$1.8 billion (FY98/99)

France
$45,238.1 million (2003)

French Guiana
$NA

Gabon
$184.8 million (2004)

Gambia, The
$1 million (2004)

Gaza Strip
NA

Georgia
$23 million (FY00)

Germany
$35.063 billion (2003)

Ghana
$49.2 million (2004)

Greece
$5.89 billion (2004)

Grenada
NA

Guatemala
$201.9 million (2004)

Guinea
$56.7 million (2004)

Guinea-Bissau
$8.9 million (2004)

Guyana
$6.5 million (2003)

Haiti
$26 million (2003)

Honduras
$100.6 million (2004)

Hong Kong
Hong Kong garrison is funded by China; figures are NA

Hungary
$1.08 billion (2002 est.)

Iceland
0

India
$18.86 billion (2005)

Indonesia
$1.3 billion (2004)

Iran
$4.3 billion (2003 est.)

Iraq
$1.3 billion (FY00)

Ireland
$700 million (FY00/01)

Israel
$9.11 billion (FY03)

Italy
$28,182.8 million (2003)

Jamaica
$31.2 million (2003)

Japan
$45.841 billion (2004)

Jordan
$1.46 billion (2004)

Kazakhstan
$221.8 million (Ministry of Defense expenditures) (FY02)

Kenya
$177.1 million (2004)

Kiribati
NA

Korea, North
$5,217.4 million (FY02)

Korea, South
$16.18 billion (2004)

Kuwait
$2,584.5 million (2004)

Kyrgyzstan
$19.2 million (FY01)

Laos
$10.7 million (2004)

Latvia
$87 million (FY01)

Lebanon
$540.6 million (2002) (2004)

Lesotho
$32.3 million (2004)

Liberia
$1.5 million (2004)

Libya
$1.3 billion (FY99)

Lithuania
$230.8 million (FY01)

Luxembourg
$231.6 million (2003)

Macedonia
$200 million (FY01/02 est.)

Madagascar
$44.6 million (2004)

Malawi
$11.1 million (2004)

Malaysia
$1.69 billion (FY00 est.)

Maldives
$41.1 million (2004)

Mali
$22.4 million (2004)

Malta
$31.1 million (2004)

Marshall Islands
NA

Mauritania
$20.8 million (2004)

Mauritius
$12.5 million (2004)

Mexico
$6.043 billion (2004)

Moldova
$8.7 million (2004)

Mongolia
$23.1 million (FY02)

Morocco
$2,305.6 million (2003)

Mozambique
$117.3 million (2004)

Namibia
$168.4 million (2004)

Nauru
NA

Nepal
$99.2 million (2004)

Netherlands
$9.408 billion (2004)

New Caledonia
$NA

New Zealand
$1.147 billion (FY03/04)

Nicaragua
$32.8 million (2004)

Niger
$33.3 million (2004)

Nigeria
$544.6 million (2004)

Norway
$4,033.5 million (2003)

Oman
$252.99 million (2004)

Pakistan
$3.848 billion (2004)

Palau
NA

Panama
$147 million (2004)

Papua New Guinea
$16.9 million (2003)

Paraguay
$53.1 million (2004)

Peru
$829.3 million (2003)

Philippines
$805.5 million (2004)

Poland
$3.5 billion (2002)

Portugal
$3,497.8 million (2003)

Qatar
$723 million (FY00)

Romania
$985 million (2002)

Russia
NA

Rwanda
$50.1 million (2004)

Saint Kitts and Nevis
NA

Saint Lucia
NA

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
NA

Samoa
NA

San Marino
$700,000 (FY00/01)

Sao Tome and Principe
$700,000 (2004)

Saudi Arabia
$18 billion (2002)

Senegal
$107.3 million (2004)

Serbia and Montenegro
$654 million (2002)

Seychelles
$12.3 million (2004)

Sierra Leone
$13.2 million (2004)

Singapore
$4.47 billion (FY01 est.)

Slovakia
$406 million (2002)

Slovenia
$370 million (FY00)

Solomon Islands
NA

Somalia
$18.9 million (2003)

South Africa
$3.172 billion (2004)

Spain
$9,906.5 million (2003)

Sri Lanka
$514.8 million (2004)

Sudan
$587 million (2001 est.) (2004)

Suriname
$7.5 million (2003)

Swaziland
$40.5 million (2004)

Sweden
$5.729 billion (2004)

Switzerland
$2.548 billion (FY01)

Syria
$858 million (FY00 est.); note - based on official budget data
that may understate actual spending

Taiwan
$7.574 billion (2003)

Tajikistan
$35.4 million (FY01)

Tanzania
$20.6 million (2004)

Thailand
$1.775 billion (FY00)

Togo
$35.5 million (2004)

Tonga
NA

Trinidad and Tobago
$66.7 million (2003)

Tunisia
$356 million (FY99)

Turkey
$12.155 billion (2003)

Turkmenistan
$90 million (FY99)

Tuvalu
NA

Uganda
$170.3 million (2004)

Ukraine
$617.9 million (FY02)

United Arab Emirates
$1.6 billion (FY00)

United Kingdom
$42,836.5 million (2003)

United States
$370.7 billion (FY04 est.) (March 2003)

Uruguay
$257.5 million (2004)

Uzbekistan
$200 million (FY97)

Vanuatu
NA

Venezuela
$1.687 billion (2004)

Vietnam
$650 million (FY98)

West Bank
NA

World
aggregate real expenditure on arms worldwide in 1999 remained
at approximately the 1998 level, about three-quarters of a trillion
dollars (1999 est.)

Yemen
$885.5 million (2003)

Zambia
$106.8 million (2004)

Zimbabwe
$217 million (2004)

This page was last updated on 20 October, 2005

======================================================================

@2068 Dependent areas

Australia
Ashmore and Cartier Islands, Christmas Island, Cocos
(Keeling) Islands, Coral Sea Islands, Heard Island and McDonald
Islands, Norfolk Island, Macquarie Island

France
Bassas da India, Clipperton Island, Europa Island, French
Polynesia, French Southern and Antarctic Lands, Glorioso Islands,
Juan de Nova Island, New Caledonia, Tromelin Island, Wallis and
Futuna
note: the US does not recognize claims to Antarctica

Netherlands
Aruba, Netherlands Antilles

New Zealand
Cook Islands, Niue, Tokelau

Norway
Bouvet Island, Jan Mayen, Svalbard

United Kingdom
Anguilla, Bermuda, British Indian Ocean Territory,
British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Falkland Islands, Gibraltar,
Guernsey, Jersey, Isle of Man, Montserrat, Pitcairn Islands, Saint
Helena and Ascension, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands,
Turks and Caicos Islands

United States
American Samoa, Baker Island, Guam, Howland Island,
Jarvis Island, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, Midway Islands, Navassa
Island, Northern Mariana Islands, Palmyra Atoll, Puerto Rico, Virgin
Islands, Wake Island
note: from 18 July 1947 until 1 October 1994, the US administered
the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands; it entered into a
political relationship with all four political units: the Northern
Mariana Islands is a commonwealth in political union with the US
(effective 3 November 1986); the Republic of the Marshall Islands
signed a Compact of Free Association with the US (effective 21
October 1986); the Federated States of Micronesia signed a Compact
of Free Association with the US (effective 3 November 1986); Palau
concluded a Compact of Free Association with the US (effective 1
October 1994)

This page was last updated on 20 October, 2005

======================================================================

@2070 Disputes - international

Afghanistan
the UN has been able to repatriate over two million
Afghan refugees but several million more continue to reside in Iran
and Pakistan in camps and elsewhere, many at their own choosing;
Coalition and Pakistani forces continue to patrol remote tribal
areas to control the borders and stem organized terrorist and other
illegal cross-border activities; regular meetings between Pakistani
and Coalition allies aim to resolve periodic claims of boundary
encroachments; occasional conflicts over water-sharing arrangements
with Amu Darya and Helmand River states

Albania
the Albanian Government calls for the protection of the
rights of ethnic Albanians in neighboring countries, and the
peaceful resolution of interethnic disputes; some ethnic Albanian
groups in neighboring countries advocate for a "greater Albania,"
but the idea has little appeal among Albanian nationals; thousands
of unemployed Albanians emigrate annually to nearby Italy and other
developed countries

Algeria
Algeria supports the exiled Sahrawi Polisario Front and
rejects Moroccan administration of Western Sahara; Algeria's border
with Morocco remains an irritant to bilateral relations, each nation
has accused the other of harboring militants and arms smuggling; in
an attempt to improve relations after unilaterally imposing a visa
requirement on Algerians in the early 1990s, Morocco lifted the
requirement in mid-2004 - a gesture not reciprocated by Algeria;
Algeria remains concerned about armed bandits operating throughout
the Sahel who sometimes destabilize southern Algerian towns; dormant
disputes include Libyan claims of about 32,000 sq km still reflected
on its maps of southeastern Algeria and the FLN's assertions of a
claim to Chirac Pastures in southeastern Morocco

American Samoa
none

Andorra
none

Angola
90,000 Angolan refugees were repatriated by 2004, the
remaining refugees in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and
Zambia are expected to return in 2005; many Cabinda exclave
secessionists have sought shelter in neighboring states

Anguilla
none

Antarctica
Antarctic Treaty freezes claims (see Antarctic Treaty
Summary in Government type entry); Argentina, Australia, Chile,
France, NZ, Norway, and UK claim land and maritime sectors (some
overlapping) for a large portion of the continent; the US and many
other states do not recognize these territorial claims and have made
no claims themselves (the US and Russia reserve the right to do so);
no claims have been made in the sector between 90 degrees west and
150 degrees west; several states with territorial claims in
Antarctica have expressed their intention to submit data to the UN
Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf to extend their
continental shelf claims to adjoining undersea ridges

Antigua and Barbuda
none

Arctic Ocean
some maritime disputes (see littoral states)

Argentina
Argentina claims the UK-administered Falkland Islands
(Islas Malvinas) and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands in
its constitution; it briefly occupied the Falklands in 1982, but in
1995 agreed no longer to seek settlement by force; territorial claim
in Antarctica partially overlaps UK and Chilean claims (see
Antarctic disputes); unruly region at convergence of
Argentina-Brazil-Paraguay borders is locus of money laundering,
smuggling, arms and illegal narcotics trafficking, and fundraising
for extremist organizations; uncontested dispute between Brazil and
Uruguay over Braziliera Island in the Quarai/Cuareim River leaves
the tripoint with Argentina in question

Armenia
Armenia supports ethnic Armenian secessionists in
Nagorno-Karabakh and since the early 1990s, has militarily occupied
16% of Azerbaijan - Organization for Security and Cooperation in
Europe (OSCE) continues to mediate dispute; over 800,000 mostly
ethnic Azerbaijanis were driven from the occupied lands and Armenia;
about 230,000 ethnic Armenians were driven from their homes in
Azerbaijan into Armenia; Azerbaijan seeks transit route through
Armenia to connect to Naxcivan exclave; border with Turkey remains
closed over Nagorno-Karabakh dispute; ethnic Armenian groups in
Javakheti region of Georgia seek greater autonomy; tens of thousands
of Armenians emigrate, primarily to Russia, to seek employment

Aruba
none

Ashmore and Cartier Islands
Indonesian groups challenge Australia's
claim to Ashmore Reef; Australia closed the surrounding waters to
Indonesian traditional fishing and created a national park in the
region while continuing to prospect for hydrocarbons in the vicinity

Atlantic Ocean
some maritime disputes (see littoral states)

Australia
East Timor and Australia continue to meet but disagree
over how to delimit a permanent maritime boundary and share
unexploited petroleum resources that fall outside the Joint
Petroleum Development Area covered by the 2002 Timor Sea Treaty;
East Timor dispute hampers creation of a revised maritime boundary
with Indonesia (see also Ashmore and Cartier Islands dispute);
regional states express concern over Australia's 2004 declaration of
a 1,000-nautical mile-wide maritime indentification zone; Australia
asserts land and maritime claims to Antarctica (see Antarctica); in
2004 Australia submitted claims to UNCLOS to extend its continental
margin from both its mainland and Antarctic claims

Austria
none

Azerbaijan
Armenia supports ethnic Armenian secessionists in
Nagorno-Karabakh and since the early 1990s has militarily occupied
16% of Azerbaijan - Organization for Security and Cooperation in
Europe (OSCE) continues to mediate dispute; over 800,000 mostly
ethnic Azerbaijanis were driven from the occupied lands and Armenia;
about 230,000 ethnic Armenians were driven from their homes in
Azerbaijan into Armenia; Azerbaijan seeks transit route through
Armenia to connect to Naxcivan exclave; Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, and
Russia ratify Caspian seabed delimitation treaties based on
equidistance, while Iran continues to insist on an even one-fifth
allocation and challenges Azerbaijan's hydrocarbon exploration in
disputed waters; bilateral talks continue with Turkmenistan on
dividing the seabed and contested oilfields in the middle of the
Caspian; Azerbaijan and Georgia cannot resolve the alignment of
their boundary at certain crossing areas

Bahamas, The
have not been able to agree on the alignment of a
maritime boundary with the US; continues to monitor and interdict
Haitian refugees fleeing economic privation and political instability

Bahrain
none

Baker Island
none

Bangladesh
discussions with India remain stalled to delimit a small
section of river boundary, exchange 162 miniscule enclaves in both
countries, allocate divided villages, and stop illegal cross-border
trade, migration, violence, and transit of terrorists through the
porous border; Bangladesh protests India's attempts to fence off
high-traffic sections of the porous boundary; a joint
Bangladesh-India boundary inspection in 2005 revealed 92 pillars are
missing; dispute with India over New Moore/South Talpatty/Purbasha
Island in the Bay of Bengal deters maritime boundary delimitation;
Burmese Muslim refugees strain Bangladesh's meager resources

Barbados
in 2005, Barbados and Trinidad and Tobago agreed to
compulsory international arbitration that will result in a binding
award challenging whether the northern limit of Trinidad and
Tobago's and Venezuela's maritime boundary extends into Barbadian
waters and the southern limit of Barbadian traditional fishing;
joins other Caribbean states to counter Venezuela's claim that Aves
Island sustains human habitation, a criterion under UNCLOS, which
permits Venezuela to extend its EEZ/continental shelf over a large
portion of the Caribbean Sea

Bassas da India
claimed by Madagascar

Belarus
1997 boundary treaty with Ukraine remains unratified over
unresolved financial claims, preventing demarcation and diminishing
border security; boundary with Latvia remains undemarcated but a
third of the border with Lithuania was demarcated in 2004

Belgium
none

Belize
Guatemalan squatters continue to settle in the largely
uninhabited rain forests of Belize's border region; OAS is
attempting to revive the 2002 failed Differendum that created a
small adjustment to land boundary, a Guatemalan maritime corridor in
Caribbean, joint ecological park for disputed Sapodilla Cays, and
substantial US-UK financial package

Benin
two villages remain in dispute along the border with Burkina
Faso; accuses Burkina Faso of moving boundary pillars; much of
Benin-Niger boundary, including tripoint with Nigeria, remains
undemarcated, and the states expect a ruling in 2005 from the ICJ
over the disputed Niger and Mekrou River islands; a joint task force
was established in 2004 that resolved disputes over and redrew the
maritime and the 870-km land boundary with Nigeria, including the
sovereignty over seven villages along the Okpara River; a joint
boundary commission continues to resurvey the boundary with Togo to
verify Benin's claim that Togo moved boundary stones

Bermuda
none

Bhutan
approximately 104,000 Bhutanese refugees live in Nepal, 90%
of whom reside in seven UN Office of the High Commissioner for
Refugees camps; Bhutan cooperates with India to expel Indian
separatists

Bolivia
Chile rebuffs Bolivia's reactivated claim to restore the
Atacama corridor, ceded to Chile in 1884, offering instead
unrestricted but not sovereign maritime access through Chile for
Bolivian natural gas and other commodities

Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina and Serbia and
Montenegro have delimited most of their boundary, but sections along
the Drina River remain in dispute; discussions continue with Croatia
on several small disputed sections of the boundary

Botswana
commission established with Namibia has yet to resolve
small residual disputes along the Caprivi Strip, including the
Situngu marshlands along the Linyanti River; downstream Botswana
residents protest Namibia's planned construction of the Okavango
hydroelectric dam at Popavalle (Popa Falls); Botswana has built
electric fences to stem the thousands of Zimbabweans who flee to
find work and escape political persecution; Namibia has long
supported and in 2004 Zimbabwe dropped objections to plans between
Botswana and Zambia to build a bridge over the Zambezi River,
thereby de facto recognizing their short, but not clearly delimited
Botswana-Zambia boundary

Bouvet Island
none

Brazil
unruly region at convergence of Argentina-Brazil-Paraguay
borders is locus of money laundering, smuggling, arms and illegal
narcotics trafficking, and fundraising for extremist organizations;
uncontested dispute with Uruguay over certain islands in the
Quarai/Cuareim and Invernada boundary streams and the resulting
tripoint with Argentina; in 2004 Brazil submitted its claims to
UNCLOS to extend its maritime continental margin

British Indian Ocean Territory
Mauritius and Seychelles claim the
Chagos Archipelago and its former inhabitants, who reside chiefly in
Mauritius, but in 2001 were granted UK citizenship and the right to
repatriation since eviction in 1965; the UK resists the Chagossians'
demand for an immediate return to the islands; repatriation is
complicated by the exclusive US military lease of Diego Garcia that
restricts access to the largest island in the chain

British Virgin Islands
none

Brunei
in 2003 Brunei and Malaysia ceased gas and oil exploration in
their disputed offshore and deepwater seabeds and negotiations have
stalemated prompting consideration of international legal
adjudication; Malaysia's land boundary with Brunei around Limbang is
in dispute; Brunei established an exclusive economic fishing zone
encompassing Louisa Reef in southern Spratly Islands in 1984 but
makes no public territorial claim to the offshore reefs; the 2002
"Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea" has
eased tensions in the Spratly Islands but falls short of a legally
binding "code of conduct" desired by several of the disputants

Bulgaria
none

Burkina Faso
two villages are in dispute along the border with
Benin; Benin accuses Burkina Faso of moving boundary pillars;
Burkina Faso border regions remain a staging area for Liberia and
Cote d'Ivoire rebels and an asylum for refugees caught in local
fighting; the Ivoirian Government accuses Burkina Faso of sheltering
Ivoirian rebels

Burma
over half of Burma's population consists of diverse ethnic
groups with substantial numbers of kin beyond its borders; despite
continuing border committee talks, significant differences remain
with Thailand over boundary alignment and the handling of ethnic
rebels, refugees, and illegal cross-border activities; ethnic Karens
flee into Thailand to escape fighting between Karen rebels and
Burmese troops, in 2004 Thailand sheltered about 118,000 Burmese
refugees; Karens also protest Thai support for a Burmese
hydroelectric dam on the Salween River near the border;
environmentalists in Burma and Thailand continue to voice concern
over China's construction of hydroelectric dams upstream on the
Nujiang/Salween River in Yunnan Province; India seeks cooperation
from Burma to keep Indian Nagaland separatists from hiding in remote
Burmese uplands

Burundi
Tutsi, Hutu, other conflicting ethnic groups, associated
political rebels, armed gangs, and various government forces
continue fighting in the Great Lakes region, transcending the
boundaries of Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, and
Uganda in an effort to gain control over populated and natural
resource areas; government heads pledge to end conflict, but
localized violence continues despite the presence of about 6,000
peacekeepers from the UN Operation in Burundi (ONUB) since 2004;
although some 150,000 Burundian refugees have been repatriated, as
of February 2005, Burundian refugees still reside in camps in
western Tanzania as well as the Democratic Republic of the Congo

Cambodia
Southeast Asian states have enhanced border surveillance to
check the spread of avian flu; Cambodia and Thailand dispute
sections of boundary with missing boundary markers and Thai
encroachments into Cambodian territory; maritime boundary with
Vietnam is hampered by unresolved dispute over offshore islands;
Cambodia accuses Thailand of obstructing access to Preah Vihear
temple ruins awarded to Cambodia by ICJ decision in 1962; in 2004
Cambodian-Laotian and Laotian-Vietnamese boundary commissions
reerect missing markers completing most of their demarcations

Cameroon
ICJ ruled in 2002 on the entire Cameroon-Nigeria land and
maritime boundary but the parties formed a Joint Border Commission,
which continues to meet regularly to resolve differences bilaterally
and have commenced with demarcation in less-contested sections of
the boundary, starting in Lake Chad in the north; implementation of
the ICJ ruling on the Cameroon-Equatorial Guinea-Nigeria maritime
boundary in the Gulf of Guinea is impeded by imprecisely defined
coordinates, the unresolved Bakassi allocation, and a sovereignty
dispute between Equatorial Guinea and Cameroon over an island at the
mouth of the Ntem River; Nigeria initially rejected cession of the
Bakasi Peninsula, then agreed, but has yet to withdraw its forces
while much of the indigenous population opposes cession; only
Nigeria and Cameroon have heeded the Lake Chad Commission's
admonition to ratify the delimitation treaty which also includes
Chad and Niger

Canada
managed maritime boundary disputes with the US at Dixon
Entrance, Beaufort Sea, Strait of Juan de Fuca, and around the
disputed Machias Seal Island and North Rock; working toward greater
cooperation with US in monitoring people and commodities crossing
the border; uncontested sovereignty dispute with Denmark over Hans
Island in the Kennedy Channel between Ellesmere Island and Greenland

Cape Verde
none

Cayman Islands
none

Central African Republic
about 30,000 refugees fleeing the 2002
civil conflict in the CAR still reside in southern Chad; periodic
skirmishes over water and grazing rights among related pastoral
populations along the border with southern Sudan persist

Chad
since 2003, Janjawid armed militia and Sudanese military have
driven about 200,000 Darfur region refugees into eastern Chad; Chad
remains an important mediator in the Sudanese civil conflict;
Chadian Aozou rebels reside in southern Libya; only Nigeria and
Cameroon have heeded the Lake Chad Commission's admonition to ratify
the delimitation treaty which also includes Chad and Niger

Chile
Chile rebuffs Bolivia's reactivated claim to restore the
Atacama corridor, ceded to Chile in 1884, offering instead
unrestricted but not sovereign maritime access through Chile to
Bolivian gas and other commodities; Peru proposes changing its
latitudinal maritime boundary with Chile to an equidistance line
with a southwestern axis; territorial claim in Antarctica (Chilean
Antarctic Territory) partially overlaps Argentine and British claims

China
in 2005, China and India initiate drafting principles to
resolve all aspects of their extensive boundary and territorial
disputes together with a security and foreign policy dialogue to
consolidate discussions related to the boundary, regional nuclear
proliferation, and other matters; recent talks and
confidence-building measures have begun to defuse tensions over
Kashmir, site of the world's largest and most militarized
territorial dispute with portions under the de facto administration
of China (Aksai Chin), India (Jammu and Kashmir), and Pakistan (Azad
Kashmir and Northern Areas); India does not recognize Pakistan's
ceding historic Kashmir lands to China in 1964; about 90,000 ethnic
Tibetan exiles reside primarily in India as well as Nepal and
Bhutan; China asserts sovereignty over the Spratly Islands together
with Malaysia, Philippines, Taiwan, Vietnam, and possibly Brunei;
the 2002 "Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China
Sea" has eased tensions in the Spratlys but is not the legally
binding "code of conduct" sought by some parties; in March 2005, the
national oil companies of China, the Philippines, and Vietnam signed
a joint accord on marine seismic activities in the Spratly Islands;
China occupies some of the Paracel Islands also claimed by Vietnam
and Taiwan; China and Taiwan have become more vocal in rejecting
both Japan's claims to the uninhabited islands of Senkaku-shoto
(Diaoyu Tai) and Japan's unilaterally declared exclusive economic
zone in the East China Sea, the site of intensive hydrocarbon
prospecting; certain islands in the Yalu and Tumen rivers are in an
uncontested dispute with North Korea and a section of boundary
around Mount Paektu is considered indefinite; China seeks to stem
illegal migration of tens of thousands of North Koreans; in 2004,
China and Russia divided up the islands in the Amur, Ussuri, and
Argun Rivers, ending a century-old border dispute; demarcation of
the China-Vietnam boundary proceeds slowly and although the maritime
boundary delimitation and fisheries agreements were ratified in June
2004, implementation has been delayed; environmentalists in Burma
and Thailand remain concerned about China's construction of
hydroelectric dams upstream on the Nujiang/Salween River in Yunnan
Province

Christmas Island
none

Clipperton Island
none

Cocos (Keeling) Islands
none

Colombia
Nicaragua filed a claim against Honduras in 1999 and
against Colombia in 2001 at the ICJ over disputed maritime boundary
involving 50,000 sq km in the Caribbean Sea, including the
Archipelago de San Andres y Providencia and Quita Sueno Bank;
dispute with Venezuela over maritime boundary and Los Monjes Islands
near the Gulf of Venezuela; Colombian-organized illegal narcotics,
guerrilla, and paramilitary activities penetrate all of its
neighbors' borders and have created a serious refugee crisis with
over 300,000 persons having fled the country, mostly into
neighboring states

Comoros
claims French-administered Mayotte

Congo, Democratic Republic of the
heads of the Great Lakes states
and UN pledge to end conflict but unchecked tribal, rebel, and
militia fighting continues unabated in the northeastern region of
the Democratic Republic of the Congo, drawing in the neighboring
states of Burundi, Rwanda and Uganda; the UN Organization Mission in
the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUC) has maintained over
14,000 peacekeepers in the region since 1999; thousands of Ituri
refugees from the Congo continue to flee the fighting primarily into
Uganda; 90,000 Angolan refugees were repatriated by 2004 with the
remainder in the Democratic Republic of the Congo expected to return
in 2005; in 2005, DROC and Rwanda established a border verification
mechanism to address accusations of Rwandan military supporting
Congolese rebels and the DROC providing rebel Rwandan "Interhamwe"
forces the means and bases to attack Rwandan forces; the location of
the boundary in the broad Congo River with the Republic of the Congo
is indefinite except in the Pool Malebo/Stanley Pool area

Congo, Republic of the
about 7,000 Congolese refugees fleeing
internal civil conflicts since the mid-1990s still reside in the
Democratic Republic of the Congo; the location of the boundary in
the broad Congo River with the Democratic Republic of the Congo is
indefinite except in the Pool Malebo/Stanley Pool area

Cook Islands
none

Coral Sea Islands
none

Costa Rica
legal dispute over navigational rights of Rio San Juan on
the border with Nicaragua remains unresolved

Cote d'Ivoire
rebel and ethnic fighting against the central
government in 2002 has spilled into neighboring states, driven out
foreign cocoa workers from nearby countries, and, in 2004, resulted
in 6,000 peacekeepers deployed as part of UN Operation in Cote
d'Ivoire (UNOCI) assisting 4,000 French troops already in-country;
the Ivorian Government accuses Burkina Faso and Liberia of
supporting Ivorian rebels

Croatia
discussions continue with Bosnia and Herzegovina over
several small disputed sections of the boundary; the
Croatia-Slovenia land and maritime boundary agreement, which would
have ceded most of Pirin Bay and maritime access to Slovenia and
several villages to Croatia, remains un-ratified and in dispute; as
a European Union peripheral state, neighboring Slovenia must conform
to the strict Schengen border rules to curb illegal migration and
commerce through southeastern Europe while encouraging close
cross-border ties with Croatia

Cuba
US Naval Base at Guantanamo Bay is leased to US and only mutual
agreement or US abandonment of the area can terminate the lease