Chapter LXXXVI: Section 3: , Taipei, Taiwan, telephone: 886 (2) 2162-2000, FAX (17)

Costa Rica
raw materials, consumer goods, capital equipment,
petroleum

Cote d'Ivoire
fuel, capital equipment, foodstuffs

Croatia
machinery, transport and electrical equipment; chemicals,
fuels and lubricants; foodstuffs

Cuba
petroleum, food, machinery and equipment, chemicals

Cyprus
Republic of Cyprus: consumer goods, petroleum and lubricants,
intermediate goods, machinery, transport equipment; north Cyprus:
vehicles, fuel, cigarettes, food, minerals, chemicals, machinery

Czech Republic
machinery and transport equipment 46%, raw materials
and fuels 15%, chemicals 10% (2003)

Denmark
machinery and equipment, raw materials and semimanufactures
for industry, chemicals, grain and foodstuffs, consumer goods

Djibouti
foods, beverages, transport equipment, chemicals, petroleum
products

Dominica
manufactured goods, machinery and equipment, food, chemicals

Dominican Republic
foodstuffs, petroleum, cotton and fabrics,
chemicals and pharmaceuticals

East Timor
food, gasoline, kerosene, machinery

Ecuador
vehicles, medicinal products, telecommunications equipment,
electricity

Egypt
machinery and equipment, foodstuffs, chemicals, wood products,
fuels

El Salvador
raw materials, consumer goods, capital goods, fuels,
foodstuffs, petroleum, electricity

Equatorial Guinea
petroleum sector equipment, other equipment

Eritrea
machinery, petroleum products, food, manufactured goods
(2000)

Estonia
machinery and equipment 33.5%, chemical products 11.6%,
textiles 10.3%, foodstuffs 9.4%, transportation equipment 8.9% (2001)

Ethiopia
food and live animals, petroleum and petroleum products,
chemicals, machinery, motor vehicles, cereals, textiles

European Union
machinery, vehicles, aircraft, plastics, crude oil,
chemicals, textiles, metals, foodstuffs, clothing

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
fuel, food and drink, building
materials, clothing

Faroe Islands
consumer goods 36%, raw materials and
semi-manufactures 32%, machinery and transport equipment 29%, fuels,
fish, salt (1999)

Fiji
manufactured goods, machinery and transport equipment,
petroleum products, food, chemicals

Finland
foodstuffs, petroleum and petroleum products, chemicals,
transport equipment, iron and steel, machinery, textile yarn and
fabrics, grains

France
machinery and equipment, vehicles, crude oil, aircraft,
plastics, chemicals

French Guiana
food (grains, processed meat), machinery and transport
equipment, fuels and chemicals

French Polynesia
fuels, foodstuffs, machinery and equipment

Gabon
machinery and equipment, foodstuffs, chemicals, construction
materials

Gambia, The
foodstuffs, manufactures, fuel, machinery and transport
equipment

Gaza Strip
food, consumer goods, construction materials

Georgia
fuels, machinery and parts, transport equipment, grain and
other foods, pharmaceuticals

Germany
machinery, vehicles, chemicals, foodstuffs, textiles, metals

Ghana
capital equipment, petroleum, foodstuffs

Gibraltar
fuels, manufactured goods, and foodstuffs

Greece
machinery, transport equipment, fuels, chemicals

Greenland
machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods,
food, petroleum products

Grenada
food, manufactured goods, machinery, chemicals, fuel

Guadeloupe
foodstuffs, fuels, vehicles, clothing and other consumer
goods, construction materials

Guam
petroleum and petroleum products, food, manufactured goods

Guatemala
fuels, machinery and transport equipment, construction
materials, grain, fertilizers, electricity

Guernsey
coal, gasoline, oil, machinery and equipment

Guinea
petroleum products, metals, machinery, transport equipment,
textiles, grain and other foodstuffs

Guinea-Bissau
foodstuffs, machinery and transport equipment,
petroleum products

Guyana
manufactures, machinery, petroleum, food

Haiti
food, manufactured goods, machinery and transport equipment,
fuels, raw materials

Honduras
machinery and transport equipment, industrial raw
materials, chemical products, fuels, foodstuffs (2000)

Hong Kong
raw materials and semi-manufactures, consumer goods,
capital goods, foodstuffs, fuel (most is re-exported)

Hungary
machinery and equipment 51.6%, other manufactures 35.7%,
fuels and electricity 7.7%, food products 3.1%, raw materials 2.0%
(2003)

Iceland
machinery and equipment, petroleum products, foodstuffs,
textiles

India
crude oil, machinery, gems, fertilizer, chemicals

Indonesia
machinery and equipment, chemicals, fuels, foodstuffs

Iran
industrial raw materials and intermediate goods, capital goods,
foodstuffs and other consumer goods, technical services, military
supplies

Iraq
food, medicine, manufactures

Ireland
data processing equipment, other machinery and equipment,
chemicals, petroleum and petroleum products, textiles, clothing

Isle of Man
timber, fertilizers, fish

Israel
raw materials, military equipment, investment goods, rough
diamonds, fuels, grain, consumer goods

Italy
engineering products, chemicals, transport equipment, energy
products, minerals and nonferrous metals, textiles and clothing;
food, beverages, and tobacco

Jamaica
food and other consumer goods, industrial supplies, fuel,
parts and accessories of capital goods, machinery and transport
equipment, construction materials

Japan
machinery and equipment, fuels, foodstuffs, chemicals,
textiles, raw materials (2001)

Jersey
machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods,
foodstuffs, mineral fuels, chemicals

Jordan
crude oil, textile fabrics, machinery, transport equipment,
manufactured goods

Kazakhstan
machinery and equipment 41%, metal products 28%,
foodstuffs 8% (2001)

Kenya
machinery and transportation equipment, petroleum products,
motor vehicles, iron and steel, resins and plastics

Kiribati
foodstuffs, machinery and equipment, miscellaneous
manufactured goods, fuel

Korea, North
petroleum, coking coal, machinery and equipment,
textiles, grain

Korea, South
machinery, electronics and electronic equipment, oil,
steel, transport equipment, organic chemicals, plastics

Kuwait
food, construction materials, vehicles and parts, clothing

Kyrgyzstan
oil and gas, machinery and equipment, chemicals,
foodstuffs

Laos
machinery and equipment, vehicles, fuel, consumer goods

Latvia
machinery and equipment, chemicals, fuels, vehicles

Lebanon
petroleum products, cars, medicinal products, clothing, meat
and live animals, consumer goods, paper, textile fabrics, tobacco

Lesotho
food; building materials, vehicles, machinery, medicines,
petroleum products (2000)

Liberia
fuels, chemicals, machinery, transportation equipment,
manufactured goods; foodstuffs

Libya
machinery, transport equipment, semi-finished goods, food,
consumer products

Liechtenstein
agricultural products, raw materials, machinery, metal
goods, textiles, foodstuffs, motor vehicles

Lithuania
mineral products, machinery and equipment, transport
equipment, chemicals, textiles and clothing, metals

Luxembourg
minerals, metals, foodstuffs, quality consumer goods

Macau
raw materials and semi-manufactured goods, consumer goods
(foodstuffs, beverages, tobacco), capital goods, mineral fuels and
oils

Macedonia
machinery and equipment, automobiles, chemicals, fuels,
food products

Madagascar
capital goods, petroleum, consumer goods, food

Malawi
food, petroleum products, semimanufactures, consumer goods,
transportation equipment

Malaysia
electronics, machinery, petroleum products, plastics,
vehicles, iron and steel products, chemicals

Maldives
petroleum products, ships, foodstuffs, textiles, clothing,
intermediate and capital goods

Mali
petroleum, machinery and equipment, construction materials,
foodstuffs, textiles

Malta
machinery and transport equipment, manufactured and
semi-manufactured goods; food, drink, tobacco

Marshall Islands
foodstuffs, machinery and equipment, fuels,
beverages and tobacco

Martinique
petroleum products, crude oil, foodstuffs, construction
materials, vehicles, clothing and other consumer goods

Mauritania
machinery and equipment, petroleum products, capital
goods, foodstuffs, consumer goods

Mauritius
manufactured goods, capital equipment, foodstuffs,
petroleum products, chemicals

Mayotte
food, machinery and equipment, transportation equipment,
metals, chemicals

Mexico
metalworking machines, steel mill products, agricultural
machinery, electrical equipment, car parts for assembly, repair
parts for motor vehicles, aircraft, and aircraft parts

Micronesia, Federated States of
food, manufactured goods, machinery
and equipment, beverages

Moldova
mineral products and fuel, machinery and equipment,
chemicals, textiles (2000)

Mongolia
machinery and equipment, fuel, cars, food products,
industrial consumer goods, chemicals, building materials, sugar, tea

Montserrat
machinery and transportation equipment, foodstuffs,
manufactured goods, fuels, lubricants, and related materials

Morocco
crude petroleum, textile fabric, telecommunications
equipment, wheat, gas and electricity, transistors, plastics

Mozambique
machinery and equipment, vehicles, fuel, chemicals, metal
products, foodstuffs, textiles

Namibia
foodstuffs; petroleum products and fuel, machinery and
equipment, chemicals

Nauru
food, fuel, manufactures, building materials, machinery

Nepal
gold, machinery and equipment, petroleum products, fertilizer

Netherlands
machinery and transport equipment, chemicals, fuels,
foodstuffs, clothing

Netherlands Antilles
crude petroleum, food, manufactures

New Caledonia
machinery and equipment, fuels, chemicals, foodstuffs

New Zealand
machinery and equipment, vehicles and aircraft,
petroleum, electronics, textiles, plastics

Nicaragua
consumer goods, machinery and equipment, raw materials,
petroleum products

Niger
foodstuffs, machinery, vehicles and parts, petroleum, cereals

Nigeria
machinery, chemicals, transport equipment, manufactured
goods, food and live animals

Niue
food, live animals, manufactured goods, machinery, fuels,
lubricants, chemicals, drugs

Norfolk Island
NA

Northern Mariana Islands
food, construction equipment and materials,
petroleum products

Norway
machinery and equipment, chemicals, metals, foodstuffs

Oman
machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods, food,
livestock, lubricants

Pakistan
petroleum, petroleum products, machinery, plastics,
transportation equipment, edible oils, paper and paperboard, iron
and steel, tea

Palau
machinery and equipment, fuels, metals; foodstuffs

Panama
capital goods, foodstuffs, consumer goods, chemicals

Papua New Guinea
machinery and transport equipment, manufactured
goods, food, fuels, chemicals

Paraguay
road vehicles, consumer goods, tobacco, petroleum products,
electrical machinery

Peru
petroleum and petroleum products, plastics, machinery,
vehicles, iron and steel, wheat, paper

Philippines
raw materials, machinery and equipment, fuels, vehicles
and vehicle parts, plastic, chemicals, grains

Pitcairn Islands
fuel oil, machinery, building materials, flour,
sugar, other foodstuffs

Poland
machinery and transport equipment 38%, intermediate
manufactured goods 21%, chemicals 14.8%, minerals, fuels,
lubricants, and related materials 9.1% (2003)

Portugal
machinery and transport equipment, chemicals, petroleum,
textiles, agricultural products

Puerto Rico
chemicals, machinery and equipment, clothing, food,
fish, petroleum products

Qatar
machinery and transport equipment, food, chemicals

Reunion
manufactured goods, food, beverages, tobacco, machinery and
transportation equipment, raw materials, and petroleum products

Romania
machinery and equipment, fuels and minerals, chemicals,
textile and products, basic metals, agricultural products

Russia
machinery and equipment, consumer goods, medicines, meat,
sugar, semifinished metal products

Rwanda
foodstuffs, machinery and equipment, steel, petroleum
products, cement and construction material

Saint Helena
food, beverages, tobacco, fuel oils, animal feed,
building materials, motor vehicles and parts, machinery and parts

Saint Kitts and Nevis
machinery, manufactures, food, fuels

Saint Lucia
food 23%, manufactured goods 21%, machinery and
transportation equipment 19%, chemicals, fuels

Saint Pierre and Miquelon
meat, clothing, fuel, electrical
equipment, machinery, building materials

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
foodstuffs, machinery and
equipment, chemicals and fertilizers, minerals and fuels

Samoa
machinery and equipment, industrial supplies, foodstuffs

San Marino
wide variety of consumer manufactures, food

Sao Tome and Principe
machinery and electrical equipment, food
products, petroleum products

Saudi Arabia
machinery and equipment, foodstuffs, chemicals, motor
vehicles, textiles

Senegal
food and beverages, capital goods, fuels

Seychelles
machinery and equipment, foodstuffs, petroleum products,
chemicals

Sierra Leone
foodstuffs, machinery and equipment, fuels and
lubricants, chemicals

Singapore
machinery and equipment, mineral fuels, chemicals,
foodstuffs

Slovakia
machinery and transport equipment 41.1%, intermediate
manufactured goods 19.3%, fuels 12.3%, chemicals 9.8%, miscellaneous
manufactured goods 10.2% (2003)

Slovenia
machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods,
chemicals, fuels and lubricants, food

Solomon Islands
food, plant and equipment, manufactured goods,
fuels, chemicals

Somalia
manufactures, petroleum products, foodstuffs, construction
materials, qat

South Africa
machinery and equipment, chemicals, petroleum products,
scientific instruments, foodstuffs

Spain
machinery and equipment, fuels, chemicals, semifinished goods,
foodstuffs, consumer goods, measuring and medical control instruments

Sri Lanka
textile fabrics, mineral products, petroleum, foodstuffs,
machinery and transportation equipment

Sudan
foodstuffs, manufactured goods, refinery and transport
equipment, medicines and chemicals, textiles, wheat

Suriname
capital equipment, petroleum, foodstuffs, cotton, consumer
goods

Swaziland
motor vehicles, machinery, transport equipment,
foodstuffs, petroleum products, chemicals

Sweden
machinery, petroleum and petroleum products, chemicals, motor
vehicles, iron and steel; foodstuffs, clothing

Switzerland
machinery, chemicals, vehicles, metals; agricultural
products, textiles

Syria
machinery and transport equipment, electric power machinery,
food and livestock, metal and metal products, chemicals and chemical
products, plastics, yarn, paper

Taiwan
machinery and electrical equipment 44.5%, minerals, precision
instruments (2002)

Tajikistan
electricity, petroleum products, aluminum oxide,
machinery and equipment, foodstuffs

Tanzania
consumer goods, machinery and transportation equipment,
industrial raw materials, crude oil

Thailand
capital goods, intermediate goods and raw materials,
consumer goods, fuels

Togo
machinery and equipment, foodstuffs, petroleum products

Tokelau
foodstuffs, building materials, fuel

Tonga
foodstuffs, machinery and transport equipment, fuels, chemicals

Trinidad and Tobago
machinery, transportation equipment,
manufactured goods, food, live animals

Tunisia
textiles, machinery and equipment, hydrocarbons, chemicals,
food

Turkey
machinery, chemicals, semi-finished goods, fuels, transport
equipment

Turkmenistan
machinery and equipment, chemicals, foodstuffs

Turks and Caicos Islands
food and beverages, tobacco, clothing,
manufactures, construction materials

Tuvalu
food, animals, mineral fuels, machinery, manufactured goods

Uganda
capital equipment, vehicles, petroleum, medical supplies;
cereals

Ukraine
energy, machinery and equipment, chemicals

United Arab Emirates
machinery and transport equipment, chemicals,
food

United Kingdom
manufactured goods, machinery, fuels; foodstuffs

United States
agricultural products 4.9%, industrial supplies 32.9%
(crude oil 8.2%), capital goods 30.4% (computers, telecommunications
equipment, motor vehicle parts, office machines, electric power
machinery), consumer goods 31.8% (automobiles, clothing, medicines,
furniture, toys) (2003)

Uruguay
machinery, chemicals, road vehicles, crude petroleum

Uzbekistan
machinery and equipment 49.8%, foodstuffs 16.4%,
chemicals, metals (1998)

Vanuatu
machinery and equipment, foodstuffs, fuels

Venezuela
raw materials, machinery and equipment, transport
equipment, construction materials

Vietnam
machinery and equipment, petroleum products, fertilizer,
steel products, raw cotton, grain, cement, motorcycles

Virgin Islands
crude oil, foodstuffs, consumer goods, building
materials

Wallis and Futuna
chemicals, machinery, passenger ships, consumer
goods

West Bank
food, consumer goods, construction materials

Western Sahara
fuel for fishing fleet, foodstuffs

World
the whole range of industrial and agricultural goods and
services

Yemen
food and live animals, machinery and equipment, chemicals

Zambia
machinery, transportation equipment, petroleum products,
electricity, fertilizer; foodstuffs, clothing

Zimbabwe
machinery and transport equipment, other manufactures,
chemicals, fuels

This page was last updated on 19 December, 2006

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@2059 Climate

Afghanistan
arid to semiarid; cold winters and hot summers

Akrotiri
temperate; Mediterranean with hot, dry summers and cool
winters

Albania
mild temperate; cool, cloudy, wet winters; hot, clear, dry
summers; interior is cooler and wetter

Algeria
arid to semiarid; mild, wet winters with hot, dry summers
along coast; drier with cold winters and hot summers on high
plateau; sirocco is a hot, dust/sand-laden wind especially common in
summer

American Samoa
tropical marine, moderated by southeast trade winds;
annual rainfall averages about 3 m; rainy season (November to
April), dry season (May to October); little seasonal temperature
variation

Andorra
temperate; snowy, cold winters and warm, dry summers

Angola
semiarid in south and along coast to Luanda; north has cool,
dry season (May to October) and hot, rainy season (November to April)

Anguilla
tropical; moderated by northeast trade winds

Antarctica
severe low temperatures vary with latitude, elevation,
and distance from the ocean; East Antarctica is colder than West
Antarctica because of its higher elevation; Antarctic Peninsula has
the most moderate climate; higher temperatures occur in January
along the coast and average slightly below freezing

Antigua and Barbuda
tropical maritime; little seasonal temperature
variation

Arctic Ocean
polar climate characterized by persistent cold and
relatively narrow annual temperature ranges; winters characterized
by continuous darkness, cold and stable weather conditions, and
clear skies; summers characterized by continuous daylight, damp and
foggy weather, and weak cyclones with rain or snow

Argentina
mostly temperate; arid in southeast; subantarctic in
southwest

Armenia
highland continental, hot summers, cold winters

Aruba
tropical marine; little seasonal temperature variation

Ashmore and Cartier Islands
tropical

Atlantic Ocean
tropical cyclones (hurricanes) develop off the coast
of Africa near Cape Verde and move westward into the Caribbean Sea;
hurricanes can occur from May to December, but are most frequent
from August to November

Australia
generally arid to semiarid; temperate in south and east;
tropical in north

Austria
temperate; continental, cloudy; cold winters with frequent
rain and some snow in lowlands and snow in mountains; moderate
summers with occasional showers

Azerbaijan
dry, semiarid steppe

Bahamas, The
tropical marine; moderated by warm waters of Gulf Stream

Bahrain
arid; mild, pleasant winters; very hot, humid summers

Baker Island
equatorial; scant rainfall, constant wind, burning sun

Bangladesh
tropical; mild winter (October to March); hot, humid
summer (March to June); humid, warm rainy monsoon (June to October)

Barbados
tropical; rainy season (June to October)

Bassas da India
tropical

Belarus
cold winters, cool and moist summers; transitional between
continental and maritime

Belgium
temperate; mild winters, cool summers; rainy, humid, cloudy

Belize
tropical; very hot and humid; rainy season (May to November);
dry season (February to May)

Benin
tropical; hot, humid in south; semiarid in north

Bermuda
subtropical; mild, humid; gales, strong winds common in
winter

Bhutan
varies; tropical in southern plains; cool winters and hot
summers in central valleys; severe winters and cool summers in
Himalayas

Bolivia
varies with altitude; humid and tropical to cold and semiarid

Bosnia and Herzegovina
hot summers and cold winters; areas of high
elevation have short, cool summers and long, severe winters; mild,
rainy winters along coast

Botswana
semiarid; warm winters and hot summers

Bouvet Island
antarctic

Brazil
mostly tropical, but temperate in south

British Indian Ocean Territory
tropical marine; hot, humid,
moderated by trade winds

British Virgin Islands
subtropical; humid; temperatures moderated by
trade winds

Brunei
tropical; hot, humid, rainy

Bulgaria
temperate; cold, damp winters; hot, dry summers

Burkina Faso
tropical; warm, dry winters; hot, wet summers

Burma
tropical monsoon; cloudy, rainy, hot, humid summers (southwest
monsoon, June to September); less cloudy, scant rainfall, mild
temperatures, lower humidity during winter (northeast monsoon,
December to April)

Burundi
equatorial; high plateau with considerable altitude
variation (772 m to 2,670 m above sea level); average annual
temperature varies with altitude from 23 to 17 degrees centigrade
but is generally moderate as the average altitude is about 1,700 m;
average annual rainfall is about 150 cm; two wet seasons (February
to May and September to November), and two dry seasons (June to
August and December to January)

Cambodia
tropical; rainy, monsoon season (May to November); dry
season (December to April); little seasonal temperature variation

Cameroon
varies with terrain, from tropical along coast to semiarid
and hot in north

Canada
varies from temperate in south to subarctic and arctic in
north

Cape Verde
temperate; warm, dry summer; precipitation meager and
very erratic

Cayman Islands
tropical marine; warm, rainy summers (May to October)
and cool, relatively dry winters (November to April)

Central African Republic
tropical; hot, dry winters; mild to hot,
wet summers

Chad
tropical in south, desert in north

Chile
temperate; desert in north; Mediterranean in central region;
cool and damp in south

China
extremely diverse; tropical in south to subarctic in north

Christmas Island
tropical with a wet and dry season; heat and
humidity moderated by trade winds; wet season (December to April)

Clipperton Island
tropical; humid, average temperature 20-32 degrees
C, wet season (May to October)

Cocos (Keeling) Islands
tropical with high humidity, moderated by
the southeast trade winds for about nine months of the year

Colombia
tropical along coast and eastern plains; cooler in highlands

Comoros
tropical marine; rainy season (November to May)

Congo, Democratic Republic of the
tropical; hot and humid in
equatorial river basin; cooler and drier in southern highlands;
cooler and wetter in eastern highlands; north of Equator - wet
season (April to October), dry season (December to February); south
of Equator - wet season (November to March), dry season (April to
October)

Congo, Republic of the
tropical; rainy season (March to June); dry
season (June to October); persistent high temperatures and humidity;
particularly enervating climate astride the Equator

Cook Islands
tropical oceanic; moderated by trade winds; a dry
season from April to November and a more humid season from December
to March

Coral Sea Islands
tropical

Costa Rica
tropical and subtropical; dry season (December to April);
rainy season (May to November); cooler in highlands

Cote d'Ivoire
tropical along coast, semiarid in far north; three
seasons - warm and dry (November to March), hot and dry (March to
May), hot and wet (June to October)

Croatia
Mediterranean and continental; continental climate
predominant with hot summers and cold winters; mild winters, dry
summers along coast

Cuba
tropical; moderated by trade winds; dry season (November to
April); rainy season (May to October)

Cyprus
temperate; Mediterranean with hot, dry summers and cool
winters

Czech Republic
temperate; cool summers; cold, cloudy, humid winters

Denmark
temperate; humid and overcast; mild, windy winters and cool
summers

Dhekelia
temperate; Mediterranean with hot, dry summers and cool
winters

Djibouti
desert; torrid, dry

Dominica
tropical; moderated by northeast trade winds; heavy rainfall

Dominican Republic
tropical maritime; little seasonal temperature
variation; seasonal variation in rainfall

East Timor
tropical; hot, humid; distinct rainy and dry seasons

Ecuador
tropical along coast, becoming cooler inland at higher
elevations; tropical in Amazonian jungle lowlands

Egypt
desert; hot, dry summers with moderate winters

El Salvador
tropical; rainy season (May to October); dry season
(November to April); tropical on coast; temperate in uplands

Equatorial Guinea
tropical; always hot, humid

Eritrea
hot, dry desert strip along Red Sea coast; cooler and wetter
in the central highlands (up to 61 cm of rainfall annually, heaviest
June to September); semiarid in western hills and lowlands

Estonia
maritime, wet, moderate winters, cool summers

Ethiopia
tropical monsoon with wide topographic-induced variation

Europa Island
tropical

European Union
cold temperate; potentially subarctic in the north to
temperate; mild wet winters; hot dry summers in the south

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
cold marine; strong westerly
winds, cloudy, humid; rain occurs on more than half of days in year;
average annual rainfall is 24 inches in Stanley; occasional snow all
year, except in January and February, but does not accumulate

Faroe Islands
mild winters, cool summers; usually overcast; foggy,
windy

Fiji
tropical marine; only slight seasonal temperature variation

Finland
cold temperate; potentially subarctic but comparatively mild
because of moderating influence of the North Atlantic Current,
Baltic Sea, and more than 60,000 lakes

France
generally cool winters and mild summers, but mild winters and
hot summers along the Mediterranean; occasional strong, cold, dry,
north-to-northwesterly wind known as mistral

French Guiana
tropical; hot, humid; little seasonal temperature
variation

French Polynesia
tropical, but moderate

French Southern and Antarctic Lands
antarctic

Gabon
tropical; always hot, humid

Gambia, The
tropical; hot, rainy season (June to November); cooler,
dry season (November to May)

Gaza Strip
temperate, mild winters, dry and warm to hot summers

Georgia
warm and pleasant; Mediterranean-like on Black Sea coast

Germany
temperate and marine; cool, cloudy, wet winters and summers;
occasional warm mountain (foehn) wind

Ghana
tropical; warm and comparatively dry along southeast coast;
hot and humid in southwest; hot and dry in north

Gibraltar
Mediterranean with mild winters and warm summers

Glorioso Islands
tropical

Greece
temperate; mild, wet winters; hot, dry summers

Greenland
arctic to subarctic; cool summers, cold winters

Grenada
tropical; tempered by northeast trade winds

Guadeloupe
subtropical tempered by trade winds; moderately high
humidity

Guam
tropical marine; generally warm and humid, moderated by
northeast trade winds; dry season (January to June), rainy season
(July to December); little seasonal temperature variation

Guatemala
tropical; hot, humid in lowlands; cooler in highlands

Guernsey
temperate with mild winters and cool summers; about 50% of
days are overcast

Guinea
generally hot and humid; monsoonal-type rainy season (June to
November) with southwesterly winds; dry season (December to May)
with northeasterly harmattan winds

Guinea-Bissau
tropical; generally hot and humid; monsoonal-type
rainy season (June to November) with southwesterly winds; dry season
(December to May) with northeasterly harmattan winds

Guyana
tropical; hot, humid, moderated by northeast trade winds; two
rainy seasons (May to August, November to January)

Haiti
tropical; semiarid where mountains in east cut off trade winds

Heard Island and McDonald Islands
antarctic

Holy See (Vatican City)
temperate; mild, rainy winters (September to
May) with hot, dry summers (May to September)

Honduras
subtropical in lowlands, temperate in mountains

Hong Kong
subtropical monsoon; cool and humid in winter, hot and
rainy from spring through summer, warm and sunny in fall

Howland Island
equatorial; scant rainfall, constant wind, burning sun

Hungary
temperate; cold, cloudy, humid winters; warm summers

Iceland
temperate; moderated by North Atlantic Current; mild, windy
winters; damp, cool summers

Iles Eparses
tropical

India
varies from tropical monsoon in south to temperate in north

Indian Ocean
northeast monsoon (December to April), southwest
monsoon (June to October); tropical cyclones occur during May/June
and October/November in the northern Indian Ocean and
January/February in the southern Indian Ocean

Indonesia
tropical; hot, humid; more moderate in highlands

Iran
mostly arid or semiarid, subtropical along Caspian coast

Iraq
mostly desert; mild to cool winters with dry, hot, cloudless
summers; northern mountainous regions along Iranian and Turkish
borders experience cold winters with occasionally heavy snows that
melt in early spring, sometimes causing extensive flooding in
central and southern Iraq

Ireland
temperate maritime; modified by North Atlantic Current; mild
winters, cool summers; consistently humid; overcast about half the
time

Isle of Man
temperate; cool summers and mild winters; overcast about
one-third of the time

Israel
temperate; hot and dry in southern and eastern desert areas

Italy
predominantly Mediterranean; Alpine in far north; hot, dry in
south

Jamaica
tropical; hot, humid; temperate interior

Jan Mayen
arctic maritime with frequent storms and persistent fog

Japan
varies from tropical in south to cool temperate in north

Jarvis Island
tropical; scant rainfall, constant wind, burning sun

Jersey
temperate; mild winters and cool summers

Johnston Atoll
tropical, but generally dry; consistent northeast
trade winds with little seasonal temperature variation

Jordan
mostly arid desert; rainy season in west (November to April)

Juan de Nova Island
tropical

Kazakhstan
continental, cold winters and hot summers, arid and
semiarid

Kenya
varies from tropical along coast to arid in interior

Kingman Reef
tropical; moderated by prevailing winds

Kiribati
tropical; marine, hot and humid, moderated by trade winds

Korea, North
temperate with rainfall concentrated in summer

Korea, South
temperate, with rainfall heavier in summer than winter

Kuwait
dry desert; intensely hot summers; short, cool winters

Kyrgyzstan
dry continental to polar in high Tien Shan; subtropical
in southwest (Fergana Valley); temperate in northern foothill zone

Laos
tropical monsoon; rainy season (May to November); dry season
(December to April)

Latvia
maritime; wet, moderate winters

Lebanon
Mediterranean; mild to cool, wet winters with hot, dry
summers; Lebanon mountains experience heavy winter snows

Lesotho
temperate; cool to cold, dry winters; hot, wet summers

Liberia
tropical; hot, humid; dry winters with hot days and cool to
cold nights; wet, cloudy summers with frequent heavy showers

Libya
Mediterranean along coast; dry, extreme desert interior

Liechtenstein
continental; cold, cloudy winters with frequent snow
or rain; cool to moderately warm, cloudy, humid summers

Lithuania
transitional, between maritime and continental; wet,
moderate winters and summers

Luxembourg
modified continental with mild winters, cool summers

Macau
subtropical; marine with cool winters, warm summers

Macedonia
warm, dry summers and autumns; relatively cold winters
with heavy snowfall

Madagascar
tropical along coast, temperate inland, arid in south

Malawi
sub-tropical; rainy season (November to May); dry season (May
to November)

Malaysia
tropical; annual southwest (April to October) and northeast
(October to February) monsoons

Maldives
tropical; hot, humid; dry, northeast monsoon (November to
March); rainy, southwest monsoon (June to August)

Mali
subtropical to arid; hot and dry (February to June); rainy,
humid, and mild (June to November); cool and dry (November to
February)

Malta
Mediterranean; mild, rainy winters; hot, dry summers

Marshall Islands
tropical; hot and humid; wet season May to
November; islands border typhoon belt

Martinique
tropical; moderated by trade winds; rainy season (June to
October); vulnerable to devastating cyclones (hurricanes) every
eight years on average; average temperature 17.3 degrees C; humid

Mauritania
desert; constantly hot, dry, dusty

Mauritius
tropical, modified by southeast trade winds; warm, dry
winter (May to November); hot, wet, humid summer (November to May)

Mayotte
tropical; marine; hot, humid, rainy season during
northeastern monsoon (November to May); dry season is cooler (May to
November)

Mexico
varies from tropical to desert

Micronesia, Federated States of
tropical; heavy year-round rainfall,
especially in the eastern islands; located on southern edge of the
typhoon belt with occasionally severe damage

Midway Islands
subtropical; moderated by prevailing easterly winds

Moldova
moderate winters, warm summers

Monaco
Mediterranean with mild, wet winters and hot, dry summers

Mongolia
desert; continental (large daily and seasonal temperature
ranges)

Montenegro
Mediterranean climate, hot dry summers and autumns and
relatively cold winters with heavy snowfalls inland

Montserrat
tropical; little daily or seasonal temperature variation

Morocco
Mediterranean, becoming more extreme in the interior

Mozambique
tropical to subtropical

Namibia
desert; hot, dry; rainfall sparse and erratic

Nauru
tropical with a monsoonal pattern; rainy season (November to
February)

Navassa Island
marine, tropical

Nepal
varies from cool summers and severe winters in north to
subtropical summers and mild winters in south

Netherlands
temperate; marine; cool summers and mild winters

Netherlands Antilles
tropical; ameliorated by northeast trade winds

New Caledonia
tropical; modified by southeast trade winds; hot, humid

New Zealand
temperate with sharp regional contrasts

Nicaragua
tropical in lowlands, cooler in highlands

Niger
desert; mostly hot, dry, dusty; tropical in extreme south

Nigeria
varies; equatorial in south, tropical in center, arid in
north

Niue
tropical; modified by southeast trade winds

Norfolk Island
subtropical; mild, little seasonal temperature
variation

Northern Mariana Islands
tropical marine; moderated by northeast
trade winds, little seasonal temperature variation; dry season
December to June, rainy season July to October

Norway
temperate along coast, modified by North Atlantic Current;
colder interior with increased precipitation and colder summers;
rainy year-round on west coast

Oman
dry desert; hot, humid along coast; hot, dry interior; strong
southwest summer monsoon (May to September) in far south

Pacific Ocean
planetary air pressure systems and resultant wind
patterns exhibit remarkable uniformity in the south and east; trade
winds and westerly winds are well-developed patterns, modified by
seasonal fluctuations; tropical cyclones (hurricanes) may form south
of Mexico from June to October and affect Mexico and Central
America; continental influences cause climatic uniformity to be much
less pronounced in the eastern and western regions at the same
latitude in the North Pacific Ocean; the western Pacific is
monsoonal - a rainy season occurs during the summer months, when
moisture-laden winds blow from the ocean over the land, and a dry
season during the winter months, when dry winds blow from the Asian
landmass back to the ocean; tropical cyclones (typhoons) may strike
southeast and east Asia from May to December

Pakistan
mostly hot, dry desert; temperate in northwest; arctic in
north

Palau
tropical; hot and humid; wet season May to November

Palmyra Atoll
equatorial, hot, and very rainy

Panama
tropical maritime; hot, humid, cloudy; prolonged rainy season
(May to January), short dry season (January to May)

Papua New Guinea
tropical; northwest monsoon (December to March),
southeast monsoon (May to October); slight seasonal temperature
variation

Paracel Islands
tropical

Paraguay
subtropical to temperate; substantial rainfall in the
eastern portions, becoming semiarid in the far west

Peru
varies from tropical in east to dry desert in west; temperate
to frigid in Andes

Philippines
tropical marine; northeast monsoon (November to April);
southwest monsoon (May to October)

Pitcairn Islands
tropical; hot and humid; modified by southeast
trade winds; rainy season (November to March)

Poland
temperate with cold, cloudy, moderately severe winters with
frequent precipitation; mild summers with frequent showers and
thundershowers

Portugal
maritime temperate; cool and rainy in north, warmer and
drier in south

Puerto Rico
tropical marine, mild; little seasonal temperature
variation

Qatar
arid; mild, pleasant winters; very hot, humid summers

Reunion
tropical, but temperature moderates with elevation; cool and
dry (May to November), hot and rainy (November to April)

Romania
temperate; cold, cloudy winters with frequent snow and fog;
sunny summers with frequent showers and thunderstorms

Russia
ranges from steppes in the south through humid continental in
much of European Russia; subarctic in Siberia to tundra climate in
the polar north; winters vary from cool along Black Sea coast to
frigid in Siberia; summers vary from warm in the steppes to cool
along Arctic coast

Rwanda
temperate; two rainy seasons (February to April, November to
January); mild in mountains with frost and snow possible

Saint Helena
Saint Helena: tropical marine; mild, tempered by trade
winds
Ascension Island: tropical marine; mild, semi-arid
Tristan da Cunha: temperate marine; mild, tempered by trade winds
(tends to be cooler than Saint Helena)

Saint Kitts and Nevis
tropical, tempered by constant sea breezes;
little seasonal temperature variation; rainy season (May to November)

Saint Lucia
tropical, moderated by northeast trade winds; dry season
January to April, rainy season May to August

Saint Pierre and Miquelon
cold and wet, with much mist and fog;
spring and autumn are windy

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
tropical; little seasonal
temperature variation; rainy season (May to November)

Samoa
tropical; rainy season (November to April), dry season (May to
October)

San Marino
Mediterranean; mild to cool winters; warm, sunny summers

Sao Tome and Principe
tropical; hot, humid; one rainy season
(October to May)

Saudi Arabia
harsh, dry desert with great temperature extremes

Senegal
tropical; hot, humid; rainy season (May to November) has
strong southeast winds; dry season (December to April) dominated by
hot, dry, harmattan wind

Serbia
in the north, continental climate (cold winters and hot,
humid summers with well distributed rainfall); in other parts,
continental and Mediterranean climate (hot, dry summers and autumns
and relatively cold winters with heavy snowfall)

Seychelles
tropical marine; humid; cooler season during southeast
monsoon (late May to September); warmer season during northwest
monsoon (March to May)

Sierra Leone
tropical; hot, humid; summer rainy season (May to
December); winter dry season (December to April)

Singapore
tropical; hot, humid, rainy; two distinct monsoon seasons
- Northeastern monsoon (December to March) and Southwestern monsoon
(June to September); inter-monsoon - frequent afternoon and early
evening thunderstorms

Slovakia
temperate; cool summers; cold, cloudy, humid winters

Slovenia
Mediterranean climate on the coast, continental climate
with mild to hot summers and cold winters in the plateaus and
valleys to the east

Solomon Islands
tropical monsoon; few extremes of temperature and
weather

Somalia
principally desert; northeast monsoon (December to
February), moderate temperatures in north and very hot in south;
southwest monsoon (May to October), torrid in the north and hot in
the south, irregular rainfall, hot and humid periods (tangambili)
between monsoons

South Africa
mostly semiarid; subtropical along east coast; sunny
days, cool nights

South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
variable, with mostly
westerly winds throughout the year interspersed with periods of
calm; nearly all precipitation falls as snow

Southern Ocean
sea temperatures vary from about 10 degrees Celsius
to -2 degrees Celsius; cyclonic storms travel eastward around the
continent and frequently are intense because of the temperature
contrast between ice and open ocean; the ocean area from about
latitude 40 south to the Antarctic Circle has the strongest average
winds found anywhere on Earth; in winter the ocean freezes outward
to 65 degrees south latitude in the Pacific sector and 55 degrees
south latitude in the Atlantic sector, lowering surface temperatures
well below 0 degrees Celsius; at some coastal points intense
persistent drainage winds from the interior keep the shoreline
ice-free throughout the winter

Spain
temperate; clear, hot summers in interior, more moderate and
cloudy along coast; cloudy, cold winters in interior, partly cloudy
and cool along coast

Spratly Islands
tropical

Sri Lanka
tropical monsoon; northeast monsoon (December to March);
southwest monsoon (June to October)

Sudan
tropical in south; arid desert in north; rainy season varies
by region (April to November)

Suriname
tropical; moderated by trade winds

Svalbard
arctic, tempered by warm North Atlantic Current; cool
summers, cold winters; North Atlantic Current flows along west and
north coasts of Spitsbergen, keeping water open and navigable most
of the year

Swaziland
varies from tropical to near temperate

Sweden
temperate in south with cold, cloudy winters and cool, partly
cloudy summers; subarctic in north

Switzerland
temperate, but varies with altitude; cold, cloudy,
rainy/snowy winters; cool to warm, cloudy, humid summers with
occasional showers

Syria
mostly desert; hot, dry, sunny summers (June to August) and
mild, rainy winters (December to February) along coast; cold weather
with snow or sleet periodically in Damascus

Taiwan
tropical; marine; rainy season during southwest monsoon (June
to August); cloudiness is persistent and extensive all year

Tajikistan
midlatitude continental, hot summers, mild winters;
semiarid to polar in Pamir Mountains

Tanzania
varies from tropical along coast to temperate in highlands

Thailand
tropical; rainy, warm, cloudy southwest monsoon (mid-May to
September); dry, cool northeast monsoon (November to mid-March);
southern isthmus always hot and humid

Togo
tropical; hot, humid in south; semiarid in north

Tokelau
tropical; moderated by trade winds (April to November)

Tonga
tropical; modified by trade winds; warm season (December to
May), cool season (May to December)

Trinidad and Tobago
tropical; rainy season (June to December)

Tromelin Island
tropical

Tunisia
temperate in north with mild, rainy winters and hot, dry
summers; desert in south

Turkey
temperate; hot, dry summers with mild, wet winters; harsher
in interior

Turkmenistan
subtropical desert

Turks and Caicos Islands
tropical; marine; moderated by trade winds;
sunny and relatively dry

Tuvalu
tropical; moderated by easterly trade winds (March to
November); westerly gales and heavy rain (November to March)

Uganda
tropical; generally rainy with two dry seasons (December to
February, June to August); semiarid in northeast

Ukraine
temperate continental; Mediterranean only on the southern
Crimean coast; precipitation disproportionately distributed, highest
in west and north, lesser in east and southeast; winters vary from
cool along the Black Sea to cold farther inland; summers are warm
across the greater part of the country, hot in the south

United Arab Emirates
desert; cooler in eastern mountains

United Kingdom
temperate; moderated by prevailing southwest winds
over the North Atlantic Current; more than one-half of the days are
overcast

United States
mostly temperate, but tropical in Hawaii and Florida,
arctic in Alaska, semiarid in the great plains west of the
Mississippi River, and arid in the Great Basin of the southwest; low
winter temperatures in the northwest are ameliorated occasionally in
January and February by warm chinook winds from the eastern slopes
of the Rocky Mountains

United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges
Baker, Howland, and
Jarvis Islands: equatorial; scant rainfall, constant wind, burning
sun
Johnston Atoll and Kingman Reef: tropical, but generally dry;
consistent northeast trade winds with little seasonal temperature
variation
Midway Islands: subtropical with cool, moist winters (December to
February) and warm, dry summers (May to October); moderated by
prevailing easterly winds; most of the 1,067 mm (42 in) of annual
rainfall occurs during the winter
Palmyra Atoll: equatorial, hot; located within the low pressure area
of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) where the northeast and
southeast trade winds meet, it is extremely wet with between
4,000-5,000 mm (160-200 in) of rainfall each year

Uruguay
warm temperate; freezing temperatures almost unknown

Uzbekistan
mostly midlatitude desert, long, hot summers, mild
winters; semiarid grassland in east

Vanuatu
tropical; moderated by southeast trade winds from May to
October; moderate rainfall from November to April; may be affected
by cyclones from December to April

Venezuela
tropical; hot, humid; more moderate in highlands

Vietnam
tropical in south; monsoonal in north with hot, rainy season
(May to September) and warm, dry season (October to March)

Virgin Islands
subtropical, tempered by easterly trade winds,
relatively low humidity, little seasonal temperature variation;
rainy season September to November

Wake Island
tropical

Wallis and Futuna
tropical; hot, rainy season (November to April);
cool, dry season (May to October); rains 2,500-3,000 mm per year
(80% humidity); average temperature 26.6 degrees C

West Bank
temperate; temperature and precipitation vary with
altitude, warm to hot summers, cool to mild winters

Western Sahara
hot, dry desert; rain is rare; cold offshore air
currents produce fog and heavy dew

World
a wide equatorial band of hot and humid tropical climates -
bordered north and south by subtropical temperate zones - that
separate two large areas of cold and dry polar climates

Yemen
mostly desert; hot and humid along west coast; temperate in
western mountains affected by seasonal monsoon; extraordinarily hot,
dry, harsh desert in east

Zambia
tropical; modified by altitude; rainy season (October to
April)

Zimbabwe
tropical; moderated by altitude; rainy season (November to
March)

This page was last updated on 19 December, 2006

======================================================================

@2060 Coastline (km)

Afghanistan
0 km (landlocked)

Akrotiri
56.3 km

Albania
362 km

Algeria
998 km

American Samoa
116 km

Andorra
0 km (landlocked)

Angola
1,600 km

Anguilla
61 km

Antarctica
17,968 km

Antigua and Barbuda
153 km

Arctic Ocean
45,389 km

Argentina
4,989 km

Armenia
0 km (landlocked)

Aruba
68.5 km

Ashmore and Cartier Islands
74.1 km

Atlantic Ocean
111,866 km

Australia
25,760 km

Austria
0 km (landlocked)

Azerbaijan
0 km (landlocked); note - Azerbaijan borders the Caspian
Sea (800 km est.)

Bahamas, The
3,542 km

Bahrain
161 km

Baker Island
4.8 km

Bangladesh
580 km

Barbados
97 km

Bassas da India
35.2 km

Belarus
0 km (landlocked)

Belgium
66.5 km

Belize
386 km

Benin
121 km

Bermuda
103 km

Bhutan
0 km (landlocked)

Bolivia
0 km (landlocked)

Bosnia and Herzegovina
20 km

Botswana
0 km (landlocked)

Bouvet Island
29.6 km

Brazil
7,491 km

British Indian Ocean Territory
698 km

British Virgin Islands
80 km

Brunei
161 km

Bulgaria
354 km

Burkina Faso
0 km (landlocked)

Burma
1,930 km

Burundi
0 km (landlocked)

Cambodia
443 km

Cameroon
402 km

Canada
202,080 km

Cape Verde
965 km

Cayman Islands
160 km

Central African Republic
0 km (landlocked)

Chad
0 km (landlocked)

Chile
6,435 km

China
14,500 km

Christmas Island
138.9 km

Clipperton Island
11.1 km

Cocos (Keeling) Islands
26 km

Colombia
3,208 km (Caribbean Sea 1,760 km, North Pacific Ocean 1,448
km)

Comoros
340 km

Congo, Democratic Republic of the
37 km

Congo, Republic of the
169 km

Cook Islands
120 km

Coral Sea Islands
3,095 km

Costa Rica
1,290 km

Cote d'Ivoire
515 km

Croatia
5,835 km (mainland 1,777 km, islands 4,058 km)

Cuba
3,735 km

Cyprus
648 km

Czech Republic
0 km (landlocked)

Denmark
7,314 km

Dhekelia
27.5 km

Djibouti
314 km

Dominica
148 km

Dominican Republic
1,288 km

East Timor
706 km

Ecuador
2,237 km

Egypt
2,450 km

El Salvador
307 km

Equatorial Guinea
296 km

Eritrea
2,234 km (mainland on Red Sea 1,151 km, islands in Red Sea
1,083 km)

Estonia
3,794 km

Ethiopia
0 km (landlocked)

Europa Island
22.2 km

European Union
65,413.9 km

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
1,288 km

Faroe Islands
1,117 km

Fiji
1,129 km

Finland
1,250 km

France
3,427 km

French Guiana
378 km

French Polynesia
2,525 km

French Southern and Antarctic Lands
1,232 km

Gabon
885 km

Gambia, The
80 km

Gaza Strip
40 km

Georgia
310 km

Germany
2,389 km

Ghana
539 km

Gibraltar
12 km

Glorioso Islands
35.2 km

Greece
13,676 km

Greenland
44,087 km

Grenada
121 km

Guadeloupe
306 km

Guam
125.5 km

Guatemala
400 km

Guernsey
50 km

Guinea
320 km

Guinea-Bissau
350 km

Guyana
459 km

Haiti
1,771 km

Heard Island and McDonald Islands
101.9 km

Holy See (Vatican City)
0 km (landlocked)

Honduras
820 km

Hong Kong
733 km

Howland Island
6.4 km

Hungary
0 km (landlocked)

Iceland
4,970 km

Iles Eparses
Bassas da India: 35.2 km
Europa Island: 22.2 km
Glorioso Islands: 35.2 km
Juan de Nova Island: 24.1 km
Tromelin Island: 3.7 km

India
7,000 km

Indian Ocean
66,526 km

Indonesia
54,716 km

Iran
2,440 km; note - Iran also borders the Caspian Sea (740 km)

Iraq
58 km

Ireland
1,448 km

Isle of Man
160 km

Israel
273 km

Italy
7,600 km

Jamaica
1,022 km

Jan Mayen
124.1 km

Japan
29,751 km

Jarvis Island
8 km

Jersey
70 km

Johnston Atoll
34 km

Jordan
26 km

Juan de Nova Island
24.1 km

Kazakhstan
0 km (landlocked); note - Kazakhstan borders the Aral
Sea, now split into two bodies of water (1,070 km), and the Caspian
Sea (1,894 km)

Kenya
536 km

Kingman Reef
3 km

Kiribati
1,143 km

Korea, North
2,495 km

Korea, South
2,413 km

Kuwait
499 km

Kyrgyzstan
0 km (landlocked)

Laos
0 km (landlocked)

Latvia
531 km

Lebanon
225 km

Lesotho
0 km (landlocked)

Liberia
579 km

Libya
1,770 km

Liechtenstein
0 km (doubly landlocked)

Lithuania
90 km

Luxembourg
0 km (landlocked)

Macau
41 km

Macedonia
0 km (landlocked)

Madagascar
4,828 km

Malawi
0 km (landlocked)

Malaysia
4,675 km (Peninsular Malaysia 2,068 km, East Malaysia 2,607
km)

Maldives
644 km

Mali
0 km (landlocked)

Malta
196.8 km (does not include 56.01 km for the island of Gozo)

Marshall Islands
370.4 km

Martinique
350 km

Mauritania
754 km

Mauritius
177 km

Mayotte
185.2 km

Mexico
9,330 km

Micronesia, Federated States of
6,112 km

Midway Islands
15 km

Moldova
0 km (landlocked)

Monaco
4.1 km

Mongolia
0 km (landlocked)

Montenegro
293.5 km

Montserrat
40 km

Morocco
1,835 km

Mozambique
2,470 km

Namibia
1,572 km

Nauru
30 km

Navassa Island
8 km

Nepal
0 km (landlocked)

Netherlands
451 km

Netherlands Antilles
364 km

New Caledonia
2,254 km

New Zealand
15,134 km

Nicaragua
910 km

Niger
0 km (landlocked)

Nigeria
853 km

Niue
64 km

Norfolk Island
32 km

Northern Mariana Islands
1,482 km

Norway
25,148 km (includes mainland 2,650 km, as well as long
fjords, numerous small islands, and minor indentations 22,498 km;
length of island coastlines 58,133 km)

Oman
2,092 km

Pacific Ocean
135,663 km

Pakistan
1,046 km

Palau
1,519 km

Palmyra Atoll
14.5 km

Panama
2,490 km

Papua New Guinea
5,152 km

Paracel Islands
518 km

Paraguay
0 km (landlocked)

Peru
2,414 km

Philippines
36,289 km

Pitcairn Islands
51 km

Poland
491 km

Portugal
1,793 km

Puerto Rico
501 km

Qatar
563 km

Reunion
207 km

Romania
225 km

Russia
37,653 km

Rwanda
0 km (landlocked)

Saint Helena
Saint Helena: 60 km
Ascension Island: NA
Tristan da Cunha: 40 km

Saint Kitts and Nevis
135 km

Saint Lucia
158 km

Saint Pierre and Miquelon
120 km

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
84 km

Samoa
403 km

San Marino
0 km (landlocked)

Sao Tome and Principe
209 km

Saudi Arabia
2,640 km

Senegal
531 km

Serbia
0 km (landlocked)

Seychelles
491 km

Sierra Leone
402 km

Singapore
193 km

Slovakia
0 km (landlocked)

Slovenia
46.6 km

Solomon Islands
5,313 km

Somalia
3,025 km

South Africa
2,798 km

South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
NA km

Southern Ocean
17,968 km

Spain
4,964 km

Spratly Islands
926 km

Sri Lanka
1,340 km

Sudan
853 km

Suriname
386 km

Svalbard
3,587 km

Swaziland
0 km (landlocked)

Sweden
3,218 km

Switzerland
0 km (landlocked)

Syria
193 km

Taiwan
1,566.3 km

Tajikistan
0 km (landlocked)

Tanzania
1,424 km

Thailand
3,219 km

Togo
56 km

Tokelau
101 km

Tonga
419 km

Trinidad and Tobago
362 km

Tromelin Island
3.7 km

Tunisia
1,148 km

Turkey
7,200 km

Turkmenistan
0 km; note - Turkmenistan borders the Caspian Sea
(1,768 km)

Turks and Caicos Islands
389 km

Tuvalu
24 km

Uganda
0 km (landlocked)

Ukraine
2,782 km

United Arab Emirates
1,318 km

United Kingdom
12,429 km

United States
19,924 km

United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges
Baker Island: 4.8 km
Howland Island: 6.4 km
Jarvis Island: 8 km
Johnston Atoll: 34 km
Kingman Reef: 3 km
Midway Islands: 15 km
Palmyra Atoll: 14.5 km

Uruguay
660 km

Uzbekistan
0 km (doubly landlocked); note - Uzbekistan includes the
southern portion of the Aral Sea with a 420 km shoreline

Vanuatu
2,528 km

Venezuela
2,800 km

Vietnam
3,444 km (excludes islands)

Virgin Islands
188 km

Wake Island
19.3 km

Wallis and Futuna
129 km

West Bank
0 km (landlocked)

Western Sahara
1,110 km

World
356,000 km
note: 98 nations and other entities are islands that border no other
countries, they include: American Samoa, Anguilla, Antigua and
Barbuda, Aruba, Ashmore and Cartier Islands, The Bahamas, Bahrain,
Baker Island, Barbados, Bassas da India, Bermuda, Bouvet Island,
British Indian Ocean Territory, British Virgin Islands, Cape Verde,
Cayman Islands, Christmas Island, Clipperton Island, Cocos (Keeling)
Islands, Comoros, Cook Islands, Coral Sea Islands, Cuba, Cyprus,
Dominica, Europa Island, Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas), Faroe
Islands, Fiji, French Polynesia, French Southern and Antarctic
Lands, Glorioso Islands, Greenland, Grenada, Guam, Guernsey, Heard
Island and McDonald Islands, Howland Island, Iceland, Isle of Man,
Jamaica, Jan Mayen, Japan, Jarvis Island, Jersey, Johnston Atoll,
Juan de Nova Island, Kingman Reef, Kiribati, Madagascar, Maldives,
Malta, Marshall Islands, Martinique, Mauritius, Mayotte, Federated
States of Micronesia, Midway Islands, Montserrat, Nauru, Navassa
Island, New Caledonia, New Zealand, Niue, Norfolk Island, Northern
Mariana Islands, Palau, Palmyra Atoll, Paracel Islands, Philippines,
Pitcairn Islands, Puerto Rico, Reunion, Saint Helena, Saint Kitts
and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, Saint Vincent and
the Grenadines, Samoa, Sao Tome and Principe, Seychelles, Singapore,
Solomon Islands, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands,
Spratly Islands, Sri Lanka, Svalbard, Tokelau, Tonga, Trinidad and
Tobago, Tromelin Island, Turks and Caicos Islands, Tuvalu, Vanuatu,
Virgin Islands, Wake Island, Wallis and Futuna, Taiwan

Yemen
1,906 km

Zambia
0 km (landlocked)

Zimbabwe
0 km (landlocked)

This page was last updated on 19 December, 2006

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@2061 Imports - partners (%)

Afghanistan
Pakistan 23.9%, US 11.8%, Germany 6.8%, India 6.5%,
Turkey 5.1%, Turkmenistan 5%, Russia 4.7%, Kenya 4.4% (2005)

Albania
Italy 29.3%, Greece 16.4%, Turkey 7.5%, China 6.6%, Germany
5.4%, Russia 4% (2005)

Algeria
France 28.2%, Italy 7.8%, Spain 7.1%, China 6.6%, Germany
6.3%, US 5.5% (2005)

American Samoa
Australia 66%, Samoa 13.8%, NZ 10.8% (2005)

Andorra
Spain 51.5%, France 22.3%, US 0.3% (2004)

Angola
South Korea 20.8%, Portugal 13.6%, US 12.7%, South Africa
7.5%, Brazil 5.6%, France 5.3%, China 5.1% (2005)

Anguilla
US, Puerto Rico, UK (2004)

Antigua and Barbuda
US 21.1%, China 16.4%, Germany 13.3%, Singapore
12.7%, Spain 6.5% (2005)

Argentina
Brazil 34.6%, US 16.8%, China 5.4%, Germany 5.3% (2005)

Armenia
Russia 13.5%, Belgium 8%, Germany 7.9%, Ukraine 7%,
Turkmenistan 6.3%, US 6.2%, Israel 5.8%, Iran 5%, Romania 4.2% (2005)

Aruba
US 55.9%, Netherlands 12.9%, UK 3.8% (2005)

Australia
US 13.9%, China 13.7%, Japan 11%, Singapore 5.6%, Germany
5.6% (2005)

Austria
Germany 45.9%, Italy 6.6%, Switzerland 4.5% (2005)

Azerbaijan
Russia 17%, UK 9.1%, Singapore 9.1%, Turkey 7.4%, Germany
6.1%, Turkmenistan 5.8%, Ukraine 5.4%, China 4.1% (2005)

Bahamas, The
US 22.5%, South Korea 20.2%, Spain 7.8%, Brazil 7.1%,
Italy 6.5%, Germany 5.4% (2005)

Bahrain
Saudi Arabia 36.4%, Japan 6.6%, Germany 6.4%, US 5.4%, UK
5%, UAE 4.1% (2005)

Bangladesh
India 14.1%, China 13.5%, Kuwait 8.5%, Singapore 6.2%,
Japan 4.1%, Hong Kong 4.1% (2005)

Barbados
NZ 45.9%, US 20.3%, Trinidad and Tobago 12% (2005)

Belarus
Russia 57.9%, Germany 9.7%, Ukraine 6.4%, Poland 5.2% (2005)

Belgium
Netherlands 17.8%, Germany 17.2%, France 11.4%, UK 6.8%,
Ireland 6.5%, US 5.4% (2005)

Belize
US 31%, Mexico 11.6%, Russia 8.8%, Cuba 6%, Guatemala 5.6%,
China 4.6%, Spain 4.4% (2005)

Benin
France 21.8%, Ghana 7.1%, Cote d'Ivoire 7%, China 6.7%, UK
5.2%, Belgium 4.9%, Togo 4.5%, Thailand 4.2%, Nigeria 4% (2005)

Bermuda
Kazakhstan 51%, France 19%, South Korea 10.2%, US 7.6% (2005)

Bhutan
Hong Kong 68.4%, Mexico 20.8%, France 3.9% (2005)

Bolivia
Brazil 21.9%, Argentina 16.7%, US 13.8%, Chile 6.9%, Peru
6.5%, Japan 6.1%, China 5.8% (2005)

Bosnia and Herzegovina
Croatia 24.7%, Germany 13.7%, Slovenia 13.1%,
Italy 11%, Austria 6.9%, Hungary 5.5% (2005)

Botswana
Southern African Customs Union (SACU) 74%, EFTA 17%,
Zimbabwe 4% (2004)

Brazil
US 19.7%, Germany 8.7%, Argentina 8.2%, China 6.2%, Nigeria
6.1% (2005)

British Virgin Islands
Virgin Islands (US), Puerto Rico, US (2004)

Brunei
Singapore 32.7%, Malaysia 23.3%, Japan 6.9%, UK 5.3%,
Thailand 4.5%, South Korea 4.1% (2005)

Bulgaria
Russia 15.6%, Germany 13.6%, Italy 9%, Turkey 6.1%, Greece
5%, France 4.7% (2005)

Burkina Faso
France 24.2%, Cote d'Ivoire 23.7%, Togo 6.8% (2005)

Burma
China 28.8%, Thailand 21.8%, Singapore 18.3%, Malaysia 7.6%
(2005)

Burundi
Kenya 12.9%, Tanzania 10.6%, Belgium 10.4%, Italy 8.1%,
France 5.4%, Uganda 5.3%, China 5%, India 4.1% (2005)

Cambodia
Hong Kong 16.1%, China 13.6%, France 12.1%, Thailand 11.2%,
Taiwan 10.2%, South Korea 7.5%, Vietnam 7.1%, Singapore 4.9%, Japan
4.1% (2005)

Cameroon
France 25%, Nigeria 12.5%, Belgium 6.6%, China 5.8%, US
5.3%, Thailand 4.7%, Germany 4.4% (2005)

Canada
US 56.7%, China 7.8%, Mexico 3.8% (2005)

Cape Verde
Portugal 41.5%, Italy 8%, Netherlands 7.3%, Spain 5.5%,
France 4.8%, Belgium 4.7%, Brazil 4.3% (2005)

Cayman Islands
US, Netherlands Antilles, Japan (2004)

Central African Republic
France 16.7%, Netherlands 10.4%, Cameroon
9.8%, US 7.4% (2005)

Chad
France 21.1%, Cameroon 15.5%, US 12.1%, Belgium 6.8%, Portugal
4.6%, Saudi Arabia 4.3%, Netherlands 4.1% (2005)

Chile
Argentina 14.8%, US 14.6%, Brazil 11.7%, China 7.8%, South
Korea 4.8%, Yemen 4.4% (2005)

China
Japan 15.2%, South Korea 11.6%, Taiwan 11.2%, US 7.4%, Germany
4.6% (2005)

Christmas Island
principally Australia (2004)

Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Australia (2004)

Colombia
US 28.5%, Mexico 8.3%, China 7.6%, Brazil 6.5%, Venezuela
5.7% (2005)

Comoros
France 20.5%, South Africa 11.7%, UAE 9.1%, Kenya 8%,
Pakistan 5%, Mauritius 4.4%, Belgium 4.3%, India 4.1% (2005)

Congo, Democratic Republic of the
South Africa 16.5%, Belgium 16.1%,
France 9.1%, Zambia 6.9%, Kenya 5.7%, Germany 4.6%, US 4.5%, Cote
d'Ivoire 4.3%, Netherlands 4.1% (2005)

Congo, Republic of the
France 25.6%, China 11.3%, US 8.1%, India 8%,
Italy 7.5%, Belgium 5.1%, Netherlands 4.2% (2005)

Cook Islands
New Zealand 61%, Fiji 19%, US 9%, Australia 6%, Japan
2% (2004)

Costa Rica
US 41.3%, Japan 5.6%, Venezuela 4.8%, Mexico 4.8%,
Ireland 4.3%, Brazil 4.2%, China 4.2% (2005)

Cote d'Ivoire
France 27.7%, Nigeria 24.5%, Singapore 6.6% (2005)

Croatia
Italy 15.9%, Germany 14.9%, Russia 9.1%, Slovenia 6.8%,
Austria 5.8%, China 4.7%, France 4.2% (2005)

Cuba
China 14.9%, Spain 13.9%, Canada 8.6%, US 8.5%, Germany 7.4%,
Italy 5.7%, Mexico 5.2%, Japan 4.1% (2005)

Cyprus
Greece 17.3%, Italy 10.3%, UK 9%, Germany 8.4%, Israel 7.1%
(2005)

Czech Republic
Germany 30%, Russia 5.7%, Slovakia 5.4%, China 5.1%,
Poland 5%, Italy 4.8%, France 4.5%, Netherlands 4% (2005)

Denmark
Germany 20.5%, Sweden 13.8%, Norway 6.6%, Netherlands 6.6%,
UK 6%, China 4.7%, France 4.2%, Italy 4.1% (2005)

Djibouti
Saudi Arabia 21.7%, India 18.5%, China 10%, Ethiopia 4.8%,
France 4.5%, US 4.3%, Japan 4.2% (2005)

Dominica
US 25.3%, China 20.3%, Trinidad and Tobago 12.3%, South
Korea 7.1%, Japan 4.6%, UK 4.4% (2005)

Dominican Republic
US 50.2%, Colombia 6.2%, Mexico 5.8% (2005)

Ecuador
US 22.3%, Colombia 14.9%, Venezuela 7.8%, Brazil 6%, China
5.3% (2005)

Egypt
US 10.6%, Germany 7%, China 6.5%, France 6.3%, Italy 5.7%,
Saudi Arabia 4.8% (2005)

El Salvador
US 43.4%, Guatemala 8.2%, Mexico 7.8% (2005)

Equatorial Guinea
US 24.6%, Italy 20.7%, France 12.1%, Spain 10.8%,
Cote d'Ivoire 8.7%, UK 7% (2005)

Eritrea
Germany 22.2%, Italy 20.3%, France 15.9%, US 12.8%, Ireland
8.2% (2005)

Estonia
Finland 19.8%, Germany 13.8%, Russia 9.4%, Sweden 8.8%,
Lithuania 6.1%, Latvia 4.7% (2005)

Ethiopia
Saudi Arabia 14.7%, China 12.6%, US 12.4%, **COUNTRY**
9.6%, India 6.7%, Italy 4.6% (2005)

European Union
US 15.3%, China 12.4%, Russia 7.8%, Japan 7.2% (2004)

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
UK 72.5%, US 15.1%, Netherlands
8.5% (2005)

Faroe Islands
Denmark 46.2%, Norway 18.2%, Germany 8.2%, Spain 7.5%,
Iceland 4.8% (2005)

Fiji
Singapore 27.4%, Australia 23.6%, NZ 18.9%, Thailand 4.5% (2005)

Finland
Germany 16.2%, Sweden 14.1%, Russia 13.9%, Netherlands 6.2%,
Denmark 4.6%, UK 4.3%, China 4.2% (2005)

France
Germany 18.9%, Belgium 10.7%, Italy 8.2%, Spain 7%,
Netherlands 6.5%, UK 5.9%, US 5.1% (2005)

French Guiana
France 63%, US, Trinidad and Tobago, Italy (2004)

French Polynesia
France 52.7%, Singapore 14.9%, NZ 6.8%, US 6.6%
(2005)

Gabon
France 40.6%, US 6.4%, Cameroon 4.2% (2005)

Gambia, The
China 21.3%, Senegal 11.3%, Cote d'Ivoire 8.4%, Brazil
6%, US 5.2%, UK 5.1%, Netherlands 4.1% (2005)

Gaza Strip
Israel, Egypt, West Bank (2004)

Georgia
Russia 15.4%, Turkey 11.4%, Azerbaijan 9.4%, Ukraine 8.8%,
Germany 8.3%, US 6% (2005)

Germany
France 8.7%, Netherlands 8.5%, US 6.6%, China 6.4%, UK 6.3%,
Italy 5.7%, Belgium 5%, Austria 4% (2005)

Ghana
Nigeria 15.4%, China 12.7%, US 6.4%, UK 5.3%, Netherlands
4.1%, South Africa 4.1% (2005)

Gibraltar
Spain 23.4%, Russia 12.3%, Italy 12%, UK 9%, France 8.9%,
Netherlands 6.8%, US 4.7% (2005)

Greece
Germany 12.7%, Italy 12.4%, Russia 7.8%, France 5.7%,
Netherlands 5.5%, Saudi Arabia 4.1% (2005)

Greenland
Denmark 66.8%, Sweden 19.3%, Ireland 3.6% (2005)

Grenada
Trinidad and Tobago 27.8%, US 27%, UK 6% (2005)

Guadeloupe
France 63%, Germany 4%, US 3%, Japan 2%, Netherlands
Antilles 2% (2004)

Guam
Singapore 50%, South Korea 21.4%, Japan 14%, Hong Kong 4.6%
(2005)

Guatemala
US 38.1%, Mexico 7.6%, El Salvador 4.8%, South Korea 4.8%,
Panama 4.4% (2005)

Guernsey
UK; note - regarded as internal trade (2004)

Guinea
China 8.5%, US 7.3%, France 7.2%, Cote d'Ivoire 5.2%, Italy
4.7%, Belgium 4.1% (2005)

Guinea-Bissau
Italy 25.3%, Senegal 18.6%, Portugal 15.8%, Cote
d'Ivoire 4.3% (2005)