Chapter XCIV: Section 3: , Taipei, Taiwan, telephone: 886 (2) 2162-2000, FAX (25)

Zambia
chief of state: President Levy MWANAWASA (since 2 January
2002); Vice President Rupiah BANDA (since 9 October 2006); note -
the president is both the chief of state and head of government
head of government: President Levy MWANAWASA (since 2 January 2002);
Vice President Rupiah BANDA (since 9 October 2006); note - the
president is both the chief of state and head of government
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president from among the members
of the National Assembly
elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term
(eligible for a second term); election last held 28 September 2006
(next to be held 2011); vice president appointed by the president
election results: Levy MWANAWASA reelected president; percent of
vote - Levy MWANAWASA 43.0%, Michael SATA 29.4%, Hakainde HICHILEMA
25.3%, Godfrey MIYANDA 1.6%, Winright NGONDO 0.8%

Zimbabwe
chief of state: Executive President Robert Gabriel MUGABE
(since 31 December 1987); Vice President Joseph MSIKA (since
December 1999) and Vice President Joyce MUJURU (since 6 December
2004); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of
government
head of government: Executive President Robert Gabriel MUGABE (since
31 December 1987); Vice President Joseph MSIKA (since December 1999)
and Vice President Joyce MUJURU (since 6 December 2004); note - the
president is both the chief of state and head of government
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president; responsible to the
House of Assembly
elections: presidential candidates nominated with a nomination paper
signed by at least 10 registered voters (at least one from each
province) and elected by popular vote for a six-year term (no term
limits); election last held 9-11 March 2002 (next to be held March
2008); co-vice presidents appointed by the president
election results: Robert Gabriel MUGABE reelected president; percent
of vote - Robert Gabriel MUGABE 56.2%, Morgan TSVANGIRAI 41.9%

This page was last updated on 19 December, 2006

======================================================================

@2078 Exports

Afghanistan
$471 million; note - not including illicit exports or
reexports (2005 est.)

Albania
$650.1 million f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Algeria
$49.59 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

American Samoa
$445.6 million (FY04 est.)

Andorra
$145 million f.o.b. (2004)

Angola
$26.8 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Anguilla
$14.56 million (2005 est.)

Antigua and Barbuda
$46.81 million (2004 est.)

Argentina
$40 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Armenia
$800 million f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Aruba
$80 million f.o.b.; note - includes oil reexports (2004 est.)

Australia
$103 billion (2005 est.)

Austria
$122.5 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Azerbaijan
$6.117 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Bahamas, The
$469.3 million (2004 est.)

Bahrain
$11.17 billion (2005 est.)

Bangladesh
$9.372 billion (2005 est.)

Barbados
$209 million (2004 est.)

Belarus
$16.14 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Belgium
$269.6 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Belize
$349.9 million f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Benin
$826.9 million f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Bermuda
$1.469 billion (2004 est.)

Bhutan
$154 million f.o.b. (2000 est.)

Bolivia
$2.371 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Bosnia and Herzegovina
$2.7 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Botswana
$3.68 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Brazil
$115.1 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

British Virgin Islands
$25.3 million (2002)

Brunei
$4.514 billion f.o.b. (2004 est.)

Bulgaria
$11.67 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Burkina Faso
$395 million f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Burma
$3.111 billion f.o.b.
note: official export figures are grossly underestimated due to the
value of timber, gems, narcotics, rice, and other products smuggled
to Thailand, China, and Bangladesh (2004)

Burundi
$52 million f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Cambodia
$2.663 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Cameroon
$3.236 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Canada
$364.8 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Cape Verde
$73.35 million f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Cayman Islands
$2.52 million (2004)

Central African Republic
$131 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)

Chad
$3.016 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Chile
$38.03 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

China
$752.2 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Christmas Island
$NA

Cocos (Keeling) Islands
$NA

Colombia
$19.3 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Comoros
$34 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)

Congo, Democratic Republic of the
$1.108 billion f.o.b. (2004 est.)

Congo, Republic of the
$2.209 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Cook Islands
$5.222 million (2005)

Costa Rica
$7.005 billion (2005 est.)

Cote d'Ivoire
$6.49 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Croatia
$10.3 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Cuba
$2.388 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Cyprus
Republic of Cyprus: $1.237 billion f.o.b.; north Cyprus: $69
million f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Czech Republic
$78.37 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Denmark
$84.95 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Djibouti
$250 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)

Dominica
$74 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)

Dominican Republic
$5.818 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

East Timor
$10 million; note - excludes oil (2005 est.)

Ecuador
$9.224 billion (2005 est.)

Egypt
$14.33 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

El Salvador
$3.586 billion (2005 est.)

Equatorial Guinea
$6.727 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Eritrea
$33.58 million f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Estonia
$7.439 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Ethiopia
$612 million f.o.b. (2005 est.)

European Union
$1.318 trillion; note - external exports, excluding
intra-EU trade (2004)

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
$125 million (2004 est.)

Faroe Islands
$533 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)

Fiji
$719.6 million f.o.b. (2005)

Finland
$67.88 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

France
$443.4 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

French Guiana
$137.5 million f.o.b. (2003)

French Polynesia
$211 million f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Gabon
$5.813 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Gambia, The
$140.3 million f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Gaza Strip
$270 million f.o.b.; note - includes West Bank (2003)

Georgia
$1.4 billion (2005 est.)

Germany
$1.016 trillion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Ghana
$2.911 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Gibraltar
$271 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)

Greece
$18.54 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Greenland
$480 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)

Grenada
$40 million (2004 est.)

Guadeloupe
$147.8 million f.o.b. (2002)

Guam
$45 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)

Guatemala
$3.94 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Guernsey
$NA

Guinea
$612.1 million f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Guinea-Bissau
$116 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)

Guyana
$587.2 million f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Haiti
$390.7 million f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Honduras
$1.726 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Hong Kong
$286.3 billion f.o.b., including reexports (2005 est.)

Hungary
$61.75 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Iceland
$3.215 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

India
$76.23 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Indonesia
$83.64 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Iran
$55.42 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Iraq
$17.78 billion f.o.b. (2004)

Ireland
$102 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Isle of Man
$NA

Israel
$40.14 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Italy
$371.9 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Jamaica
$1.608 billion f.o.b. (2004 est.)

Japan
$550.5 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Jersey
$NA

Jordan
$4.226 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Kazakhstan
$30.09 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Kenya
$3.173 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Kiribati
$17 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)

Korea, North
$1.275 billion f.o.b. (2004 est.)

Korea, South
$288.2 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Kuwait
$44.43 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Kyrgyzstan
$759 million f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Laos
$379 million (2005 est.)

Latvia
$4.86 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Lebanon
$1.782 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Lesotho
$602.8 million f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Liberia
$910 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)

Libya
$30.79 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Liechtenstein
$2.47 billion (1996)

Lithuania
$11.8 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Luxembourg
$13.39 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Macau
$3.465 billion f.o.b.; note - includes reexports (2004)

Macedonia
$2.047 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Madagascar
$951 million f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Malawi
$364 million f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Malaysia
$147.1 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Maldives
$123 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)

Mali
$323 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)

Malta
$2.744 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Marshall Islands
$9.1 million f.o.b. (2000)

Martinique
$404.2 million f.o.b. (2002)

Mauritania
$784 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)

Mauritius
$1.949 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Mayotte
$4.85 million f.o.b. (2004)

Mexico
$213.7 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Micronesia, Federated States of
$14 million (f.o.b.) (2004 est.)

Moldova
$1.04 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Monaco
$656.5 million $NA
note: full customs integration with France, which collects and
rebates Monegasque trade duties; also participates in EU market
system through customs union with France

Mongolia
$852 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)

Montenegro
$171.3 million (2003)

Montserrat
$700,000 (2001)

Morocco
$9.472 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Mozambique
$1.69 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Namibia
$2.04 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Nauru
$64,000 f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Nepal
$822 million f.o.b.; note - does not include unrecorded border
trade with India (2005 est.)

Netherlands
$365.1 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Netherlands Antilles
$2.076 billion f.o.b. (2004 est.)

New Caledonia
$999 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)

New Zealand
$22.21 billion (2005 est.)

Nicaragua
$1.55 billion f.o.b.; note - includes free trade zones
(2005 est.)

Niger
$222 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)

Nigeria
$52.16 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Niue
$201,400 (2004)

Norfolk Island
$1.5 million f.o.b. (FY91/92)

Northern Mariana Islands
$NA

Norway
$111.2 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Oman
$19.01 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Pakistan
$14.85 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Palau
$5.882 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)

Panama
$7.481 billion f.o.b.; note - includes the Colon Free Zone
(2005 est.)

Papua New Guinea
$2.833 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Paraguay
$3.13 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Peru
$15.95 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Philippines
$41.25 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Pitcairn Islands
$NA

Poland
$92.72 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Portugal
$38.8 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Puerto Rico
$46.9 billion f.o.b. (2001)

Qatar
$24.9 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Reunion
$248.5 million f.o.b. (2002)

Romania
$31.2 billion f.o.b. (2005)

Russia
$245 billion (2005 est.)

Rwanda
$98 million f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Saint Helena
$19 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)

Saint Kitts and Nevis
$70 million (2004 est.)

Saint Lucia
$82 million (2004 est.)

Saint Pierre and Miquelon
$7 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
$37 million (2004 est.)

Samoa
$94 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)

San Marino
trade data are included with the statistics for Italy

Sao Tome and Principe
$8 million f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Saudi Arabia
$165 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Senegal
$1.526 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Serbia
$4.553 billion (excluding Kosovo and Montenegro) (2005 est.)

Seychelles
$312.1 million f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Sierra Leone
$185 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)

Singapore
$204.8 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Slovakia
$30.7 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Slovenia
$18.53 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Solomon Islands
$171 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)

Somalia
$241 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)

South Africa
$50.91 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Spain
$194.3 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Sri Lanka
$6.442 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Sudan
$6.989 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Suriname
$881 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)

Svalbard
$NA

Swaziland
$1.991 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Sweden
$126.6 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Switzerland
$148.6 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Syria
$6.344 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Taiwan
$189.4 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Tajikistan
$950 million f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Tanzania
$1.581 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Thailand
$105.8 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Togo
$768 million f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Tokelau
$0 f.o.b. (2002)

Tonga
$34 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)

Trinidad and Tobago
$9.161 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Tunisia
$10.3 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Turkey
$72.49 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Turkmenistan
$4.7 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Turks and Caicos Islands
$169.2 million (2000)

Tuvalu
$1 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)

Uganda
$768 million f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Ukraine
$38.22 billion (2005 est.)

United Arab Emirates
$103.1 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

United Kingdom
$372.7 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

United States
$927.5 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Uruguay
$3.55 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Uzbekistan
$5 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Vanuatu
$34.11 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)

Venezuela
$52.73 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Vietnam
$32.23 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Virgin Islands
$4.234 billion $NA

Wallis and Futuna
$47,450 f.o.b. (2004)

West Bank
$270 million f.o.b.; note - includes Gaza Strip (2003)

Western Sahara
$NA

World
$10.33 trillion f.o.b. (2004 est.)

Yemen
$6.387 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Zambia
$1.947 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

Zimbabwe
$1.644 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)

This page was last updated on 19 December, 2006

======================================================================

@2079 Debt - external

Afghanistan
$8 billion in bilateral debt, mostly to Russia;
Afghanistan has $500 million in debt to Multilateral Development
Banks (2004)

Albania
$1.55 billion (2004)

Algeria
$19.45 billion (2005 est.)

American Samoa
$NA

Andorra
$NA

Angola
$9.401 billion (2005 est.)

Anguilla
$8.8 million (1998)

Antigua and Barbuda
$427.3 million; note - data are for public
external debt, not total external debt (2000)

Argentina
$118.2 billion (2005 est.)

Armenia
$1.819 billion (20 September 2005)

Aruba
$478.6 million (2005 est.)

Australia
$323.4 billion (2005 est.)

Austria
$510.6 billion (30 June 2005 est.)

Azerbaijan
$1.873 billion (2005 est.)

Bahamas, The
$342.6 million (2004 est.)

Bahrain
$6.814 billion (2005 est.)

Bangladesh
$20.63 billion (2005 est.)

Barbados
$668 million (2003)

Belarus
$4.662 billion (30 June 2005 est.)

Belgium
$980.1 billion (30 June 2005 est.)

Belize
$1.362 billion (June 2004 est.)

Benin
$1.6 billion (2000)

Bermuda
$160 million (FY99/00)

Bhutan
$593 million (2004)

Bolivia
$6.309 billion (2005 est.)

Bosnia and Herzegovina
$3.116 billion (2005 est.)

Botswana
$519 million (2005 est.)

Brazil
$188 billion (2005 est.)

British Virgin Islands
$36.1 million (1997)

Brunei
$0 $NA

Bulgaria
$15.32 billion (2005 est.)

Burkina Faso
$1.85 billion (2003)

Burma
$6.99 billion (2005 est.)

Burundi
$1.2 billion (2003)

Cambodia
$800 million (2003 est.)

Cameroon
$9.168 billion (2005 est.)

Canada
$439.8 billion (30 November 2005)

Cape Verde
$325 million (2002)

Cayman Islands
$70 million (1996)

Central African Republic
$1.06 billion (2002 est.)

Chad
$1.5 billion (2003 est.)

Chile
$47.45 billion (2005 est.)

China
$252.8 billion (2005 est.)

Colombia
$32.35 billion (2005 est.)

Comoros
$232 million (2000 est.)

Congo, Democratic Republic of the
$10.6 billion (2003 est.)

Congo, Republic of the
$5 billion (2000 est.)

Cook Islands
$141 million (1996 est.)

Costa Rica
$5.049 billion (2005 est.)

Cote d'Ivoire
$13.43 billion (2005 est.)

Croatia
$30.62 billion (2005 est.)

Cuba
$12.56 billion (convertible currency); another $15-20 billion
owed to Russia (2005 est.)

Cyprus
Republic of Cyprus: $10.53 billion; north Cyprus: $NA (2005
est.)

Czech Republic
$49.14 billion (2005 est.)

Denmark
$352.9 billion (30 June 2005)

Djibouti
$394 million (2004 est.)

Dominica
$213 million (2004)

Dominican Republic
$7.687 billion (2005 est.)

East Timor
$0

Ecuador
$18.09 billion (2005 est.)

Egypt
$35.26 billion (2005 est.)

El Salvador
$8.087 billion (2005 est.)

Equatorial Guinea
$353 million (2005 est.)

Eritrea
$311 million (2000 est.)

Estonia
$11.03 billion (2005 est.)

Ethiopia
$5.101 billion (2005 est.)

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
$NA

Faroe Islands
$64 million (1999)

Fiji
$127 million (2004 est.)

Finland
$211.7 billion (30 June 2005)

France
$2.826 trillion (30 June 2005)

French Guiana
$800.3 million (2003)

French Polynesia
$NA

Gabon
$3.903 billion (2005 est.)

Gambia, The
$628.8 million (2003 est.)

Gaza Strip
$0; note - includes West Bank (2002)

Georgia
$2.04 billion (2004)

Germany
$3.626 trillion (30 June 2005)

Ghana
$6.999 billion (2005 est.)

Gibraltar
$NA (2000 est.)

Greece
$75.18 billion (2005 est.)

Greenland
$25 million (1999)

Grenada
$347 million (2004)

Guadeloupe
$NA

Guam
$NA

Guatemala
$5.503 billion (2005 est.)

Guernsey
$NA

Guinea
$3.46 billion (2003 est.)

Guinea-Bissau
$941.5 million (2000 est.)

Guyana
$1.2 billion (2002)

Haiti
$1.313 billion (2005 est.)

Honduras
$5.795 billion (2005 est.)

Hong Kong
$72.04 billion (2005 est.)

Hungary
$66.22 billion (2005 est.)

Iceland
$3.073 billion (2002)

India
$125.5 billion (2005 est.)

Indonesia
$135 billion (2005 est.)

Iran
$19.06 billion (2005 est.)

Iraq
$92.33 billion (2005 est.)

Ireland
$1.049 trillion (30 June 2005)

Isle of Man
$NA

Israel
$75.55 billion (2005 est.)

Italy
$922.5 billion (2005 est.)

Jamaica
$7.162 billion (2005 est.)

Japan
$1.545 trillion (31 December 2004)

Jersey
$NA

Jordan
$8.528 billion (2005 est.)

Kazakhstan
$41.66 billion (2005 est.)

Kenya
$7.391 billion (2005 est.)

Kiribati
$10 million (1999 est.)

Korea, North
$12 billion (1996 est.)

Korea, South
$153.9 billion (2005 est.)

Kuwait
$16.12 billion (2005 est.)

Kyrgyzstan
$2.428 billion (31 December 2004 est.)

Laos
$2.49 billion (2001)

Latvia
$10.8 billion (1 January 2006)

Lebanon
$26 billion (2005 est.)

Lesotho
$735 million (2002)

Liberia
$3.2 billion (2005 est.)

Libya
$4.267 billion (2005 est.)

Liechtenstein
$0 (2001)

Lithuania
$11.7 billion (2 February 2006)

Luxembourg
$NA

Macau
$3.1 billion (2004)

Macedonia
$2.19 billion (2005 est.)

Madagascar
$4.6 billion (2002)

Malawi
$3.287 billion (2005 est.)

Malaysia
$52 billion (2005 est.)

Maldives
$304 million (2004 est.)

Mali
$2.8 billion (2002)

Malta
$188.8 million (2005)

Marshall Islands
$86.5 million (FY99/00 est.)

Martinique
$180 million (1994)

Mauritania
$2.5 billion (2000)

Mauritius
$3.246 billion (2005 est.)

Mayotte
$NA

Mexico
$137.2 billion (2005 est.)

Micronesia, Federated States of
$60.8 million (FY05 est.)

Moldova
$1.986 billion (2005 est.)

Monaco
$18 billion (2000 est.)

Mongolia
$1.36 billion (2004)

Montenegro
NA

Montserrat
$8.9 million (1997)

Morocco
$15.61 billion (2005 est.)

Mozambique
$5.456 billion (2005 est.)

Namibia
$712.9 million (2005 est.)

Nauru
$33.3 million (2002)

Nepal
$3.34 billion (March 2005)

Netherlands
$1.645 trillion (30 June 2005)

Netherlands Antilles
$2.68 billion (2004)

New Caledonia
$79 million (1998 est.)

New Zealand
$42.84 billion (2005 est.)

Nicaragua
$3.188 billion (2005 est.)

Niger
$2.1 billion (2003 est.)

Nigeria
$32.45 billion (2005 est.)

Niue
$418,000 (2002 est.)

Norfolk Island
$NA

Northern Mariana Islands
$NA

Norway
$281 billion; note - Norway is a net external creditor (30
June 2005)

Oman
$4.361 billion (2005 est.)

Pakistan
$38.8 billion (2005 est.)

Palau
$0 (FY99/00)

Panama
$9.758 billion (2005 est.)

Papua New Guinea
$1.882 billion (2005 est.)

Paraguay
$3.45 billion (2005 est.)

Peru
$30.94 billion (2005 est.)

Philippines
$65.71 billion (2005 est.)

Poland
$101.5 billion (2005 est.)

Portugal
$287.8 billion (2005 est.)

Puerto Rico
$NA

Qatar
$21.13 billion (2005 est.)

Reunion
$NA

Romania
$35.68 billion (2005 est.)

Russia
$215.3 billion (2005 est.)

Rwanda
$1.4 billion (2004 est.)

Saint Helena
$NA

Saint Kitts and Nevis
$314 million (2004)

Saint Lucia
$257 million (2004)

Saint Pierre and Miquelon
$NA

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
$223 million (2004)

Samoa
$177 million (2004)

San Marino
$NA

Sao Tome and Principe
$318 million (2002)

Saudi Arabia
$36.78 billion (2005 est.)

Senegal
$3.529 billion (2005 est.)

Serbia
$15.43 billion (including Montenegro) (2005 est.)

Seychelles
$508 million (2005 est.)

Sierra Leone
$1.61 billion (2003 est.)

Singapore
$23.76 billion (2005 est.)

Slovakia
$26.94 billion (2005 est.)

Slovenia
$18.97 billion (2005 est.)

Solomon Islands
$166 million (2004)

Somalia
$3 billion (2001 est.)

South Africa
$29.97 billion (2005 est.)

Spain
$970.7 billion (2005 est.)

Sri Lanka
$11.05 billion (2005 est.)

Sudan
$27.34 billion (2005 est.)

Suriname
$504.3 million (2005 est.)

Swaziland
$357 million (2003 est.)

Sweden
$516.1 billion (30 June 2005)

Switzerland
$856 billion (30 June 2005)

Syria
$8.566 billion; note - excludes military debt and debt to
Russia (2005 est.)

Taiwan
$87.5 billion (2005 est.)

Tajikistan
$888 million (2004 est.)

Tanzania
$8.178 billion (2005 est.)

Thailand
$52.46 billion (2005 est.)

Togo
$2 billion (2005)

Tokelau
$0

Tonga
$80.7 million (2004)

Trinidad and Tobago
$2.767 billion (2005 est.)

Tunisia
$16.09 billion (2005 est.)

Turkey
$170.1 billion (2005 est.)

Turkmenistan
$2.4 billion to $5 billion (2001 est.)

Turks and Caicos Islands
$NA

Tuvalu
$NA

Uganda
$4.973 billion (2005 est.)

Ukraine
$23.93 billion (2005 est.)

United Arab Emirates
$34.47 billion (2005 est.)

United Kingdom
$7.107 trillion (30 June 2005)

United States
$8.837 trillion (30 June 2005 est.)

Uruguay
$13.24 billion (2005 est.)

Uzbekistan
$5.032 billion (2005 est.)

Vanuatu
$81.2 million (2004)

Venezuela
$41.51 billion (2005 est.)

Vietnam
$20.16 billion (2005 est.)

Virgin Islands
$NA

Wallis and Futuna
$3.67 million $NA

West Bank
$0; note - includes Gaza Strip (2002)

Western Sahara
$NA

World
$36.89 trillion
note: this figure is the sum total of all countries' external debt,
both public and private (2004 est.)

Yemen
$5.347 billion (2005 est.)

Zambia
$4.641 billion (2005 est.)

Zimbabwe
$5.216 billion (2005 est.)

This page was last updated on 19 December, 2006

======================================================================

@2080 Fiscal year

Afghanistan
21 March - 20 March

Albania
calendar year

Algeria
calendar year

American Samoa
1 October - 30 September

Andorra
calendar year

Angola
calendar year

Anguilla
1 April - 31 March

Antigua and Barbuda
1 April - 31 March

Argentina
calendar year

Armenia
calendar year

Aruba
calendar year

Australia
1 July - 30 June

Austria
calendar year

Azerbaijan
calendar year

Bahamas, The
1 July - 30 June

Bahrain
calendar year

Bangladesh
1 July - 30 June

Barbados
1 April - 31 March

Belarus
calendar year

Belgium
calendar year

Belize
1 April - 31 March

Benin
calendar year

Bermuda
1 April - 31 March

Bhutan
1 July - 30 June

Bolivia
calendar year

Bosnia and Herzegovina
calendar year

Botswana
1 April - 31 March

Brazil
calendar year

British Virgin Islands
1 April - 31 March

Brunei
calendar year

Bulgaria
calendar year

Burkina Faso
calendar year

Burma
1 April - 31 March

Burundi
calendar year

Cambodia
calendar year

Cameroon
1 July - 30 June

Canada
1 April - 31 March

Cape Verde
calendar year

Cayman Islands
1 April - 31 March

Central African Republic
calendar year

Chad
calendar year

Chile
calendar year

China
calendar year

Christmas Island
1 July - 30 June

Cocos (Keeling) Islands
1 July - 30 June

Colombia
calendar year

Comoros
calendar year

Congo, Democratic Republic of the
calendar year

Congo, Republic of the
calendar year

Cook Islands
1 April - 31 March

Costa Rica
calendar year

Cote d'Ivoire
calendar year

Croatia
calendar year

Cuba
calendar year

Cyprus
calendar year

Czech Republic
calendar year

Denmark
calendar year

Djibouti
calendar year

Dominica
1 July - 30 June

Dominican Republic
calendar year

East Timor
1 July - 30 June

Ecuador
calendar year

Egypt
1 July - 30 June

El Salvador
calendar year

Equatorial Guinea
calendar year

Eritrea
calendar year

Estonia
calendar year

Ethiopia
8 July - 7 July

European Union
NA

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
1 April - 31 March

Faroe Islands
calendar year

Fiji
calendar year

Finland
calendar year

France
calendar year

French Guiana
calendar year

French Polynesia
calendar year

Gabon
calendar year

Gambia, The
calendar year

Gaza Strip
calendar year

Georgia
calendar year

Germany
calendar year

Ghana
calendar year

Gibraltar
1 July - 30 June

Greece
calendar year

Greenland
calendar year

Grenada
calendar year

Guadeloupe
calendar year

Guam
1 October - 30 September

Guatemala
calendar year

Guernsey
calendar year

Guinea
calendar year

Guinea-Bissau
calendar year

Guyana
calendar year

Haiti
1 October - 30 September

Holy See (Vatican City)
calendar year

Honduras
calendar year

Hong Kong
1 April - 31 March

Hungary
calendar year

Iceland
calendar year

India
1 April - 31 March

Indonesia
calendar year; note - previously was 1 April - 31 March,
but starting with 2001, has been changed to calendar year

Iran
21 March - 20 March

Iraq
calendar year

Ireland
calendar year

Isle of Man
1 April - 31 March

Israel
calendar year

Italy
calendar year

Jamaica
1 April - 31 March

Japan
1 April - 31 March

Jersey
1 April - 31 March

Jordan
calendar year

Kazakhstan
calendar year

Kenya
1 July - 30 June

Kiribati
NA

Korea, North
calendar year

Korea, South
calendar year

Kuwait
1 April - 31 March

Kyrgyzstan
calendar year

Laos
1 October - 30 September

Latvia
calendar year

Lebanon
calendar year

Lesotho
1 April - 31 March

Liberia
calendar year

Libya
calendar year

Liechtenstein
calendar year

Lithuania
calendar year

Luxembourg
calendar year

Macau
calendar year

Macedonia
calendar year

Madagascar
calendar year

Malawi
1 July - 30 June

Malaysia
calendar year

Maldives
calendar year

Mali
calendar year

Malta
calendar year

Marshall Islands
1 October - 30 September

Martinique
calendar year

Mauritania
calendar year

Mauritius
1 July - 30 June

Mayotte
calendar year

Mexico
calendar year

Micronesia, Federated States of
1 October - 30 September

Moldova
calendar year

Monaco
calendar year

Mongolia
calendar year

Montenegro
calendar year

Montserrat
1 April - 31 March

Morocco
calendar year

Mozambique
calendar year

Namibia
1 April - 31 March

Nauru
1 July - 30 June

Nepal
16 July - 15 July

Netherlands
calendar year

Netherlands Antilles
calendar year

New Caledonia
calendar year

New Zealand
1 July - 30 June

Nicaragua
calendar year

Niger
calendar year

Nigeria
calendar year

Niue
1 April - 31 March

Norfolk Island
1 July - 30 June

Northern Mariana Islands
1 October - 30 September

Norway
calendar year

Oman
calendar year

Pakistan
1 July - 30 June

Palau
1 October - 30 September

Panama
calendar year

Papua New Guinea
calendar year

Paraguay
calendar year

Peru
calendar year

Philippines
calendar year

Pitcairn Islands
1 April - 31 March

Poland
calendar year

Portugal
calendar year

Puerto Rico
1 July - 30 June

Qatar
1 April - 31 March

Reunion
calendar year

Romania
calendar year

Russia
calendar year

Rwanda
calendar year

Saint Helena
1 April - 31 March

Saint Kitts and Nevis
calendar year

Saint Lucia
1 April - 31 March

Saint Pierre and Miquelon
calendar year

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
calendar year

Samoa
June 1 - May 31

San Marino
calendar year

Sao Tome and Principe
calendar year

Saudi Arabia
1 March - 28 February

Senegal
calendar year

Seychelles
calendar year

Sierra Leone
calendar year

Singapore
1 April - 31 March

Slovakia
calendar year

Slovenia
calendar year

Solomon Islands
calendar year

Somalia
NA

South Africa
1 April - 31 March

Spain
calendar year

Sri Lanka
calendar year

Sudan
calendar year

Suriname
calendar year

Swaziland
1 April - 31 March

Sweden
calendar year

Switzerland
calendar year

Syria
calendar year

Taiwan
1 July - 30 June (up to FY98/99); 1 July 1999 - 31 December
2000 for FY00; calendar year (after FY00)

Tajikistan
calendar year

Tanzania
1 July - 30 June

Thailand
1 October - 30 September

Togo
calendar year

Tokelau
1 April - 31 March

Tonga
1 July - 30 June

Trinidad and Tobago
1 October - 30 September

Tunisia
calendar year

Turkey
calendar year

Turkmenistan
calendar year

Turks and Caicos Islands
calendar year

Tuvalu
calendar year

Uganda
1 July - 30 June

Ukraine
calendar year

United Arab Emirates
calendar year

United Kingdom
6 April - 5 April

United States
1 October - 30 September

Uruguay
calendar year

Uzbekistan
calendar year

Vanuatu
calendar year

Venezuela
calendar year

Vietnam
calendar year

Virgin Islands
1 October - 30 September

Wallis and Futuna
calendar year

West Bank
calendar year

Western Sahara
calendar year

Yemen
calendar year

Zambia
calendar year

Zimbabwe
calendar year

This page was last updated on 19 December, 2006

======================================================================

@2081 Flag description

Afghanistan
three equal vertical bands of black (hoist), red, and
green, with a gold emblem centered on the red band; the emblem
features a temple-like structure encircled by a wreath on the left
and right and by a bold Islamic inscription above

Akrotiri
the flag of the UK is used

Albania
red with a black two-headed eagle in the center

Algeria
two equal vertical bands of green (hoist side) and white; a
red, five-pointed star within a red crescent centered over the
two-color boundary; the crescent, star, and color green are
traditional symbols of Islam (the state religion)

American Samoa
blue, with a white triangle edged in red that is
based on the outer side and extends to the hoist side; a brown and
white American bald eagle flying toward the hoist side is carrying
two traditional Samoan symbols of authority, a staff and a war club

Andorra
three equal vertical bands of blue (hoist side), yellow, and
red with the national coat of arms centered in the yellow band; the
coat of arms features a quartered shield; similar to the flags of
Chad and Romania, which do not have a national coat of arms in the
center, and the flag of Moldova, which does bear a national emblem

Angola
two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and black with a
centered yellow emblem consisting of a five-pointed star within half
a cogwheel crossed by a machete (in the style of a hammer and sickle)

Anguilla
blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side
quadrant and the Anguillan coat of arms centered in the outer half
of the flag; the coat of arms depicts three orange dolphins in an
interlocking circular design on a white background with blue wavy
water below

Antigua and Barbuda
red, with an inverted isosceles triangle based
on the top edge of the flag; the triangle contains three horizontal
bands of black (top), light blue, and white, with a yellow rising
sun in the black band

Argentina
three equal horizontal bands of light blue (top), white,
and light blue; centered in the white band is a radiant yellow sun
with a human face known as the Sun of May

Armenia
three equal horizontal bands of red (top), blue, and orange

Aruba
blue, with two narrow, horizontal, yellow stripes across the
lower portion and a red, four-pointed star outlined in white in the
upper hoist-side corner

Ashmore and Cartier Islands
the flag of Australia is used

Australia
blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side
quadrant and a large seven-pointed star in the lower hoist-side
quadrant known as the Commonwealth or Federation Star, representing
the federation of the colonies of Australia in 1901; the star
depicts one point for each of the six original states and one
representing all of Australia's internal and external territories;
on the fly half is a representation of the Southern Cross
constellation in white with one small five-pointed star and four
larger, seven-pointed stars

Austria
three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and red

Azerbaijan
three equal horizontal bands of blue (top), red, and
green; a crescent and eight-pointed star in white are centered in
red band

Bahamas, The
three equal horizontal bands of aquamarine (top), gold,
and aquamarine, with a black equilateral triangle based on the hoist
side

Bahrain
red, the traditional color for flags of Persian Gulf states,
with a white serrated band (five white points) on the hoist side;
the five points represent the five pillars of Islam

Baker Island
the flag of the US is used

Bangladesh
green field with a large red disk shifted slightly to the
hoist side of center; the red disk represents the rising sun and the
sacrifice to achieve independence; the green field symbolizes the
lush vegetation of Bangladesh

Barbados
three equal vertical bands of blue (hoist side), gold, and
blue with the head of a black trident centered on the gold band; the
trident head represents independence and a break with the past (the
colonial coat of arms contained a complete trident)

Bassas da India
the flag of France is used

Belarus
red horizontal band (top) and green horizontal band one-half
the width of the red band; a white vertical stripe on the hoist side
bears Belarusian national ornamentation in red

Belgium
three equal vertical bands of black (hoist side), yellow,
and red; the design was based on the flag of France

Belize
blue with a narrow red stripe along the top and the bottom
edges; centered is a large white disk bearing the coat of arms; the
coat of arms features a shield flanked by two workers in front of a
mahogany tree with the related motto SUB UMBRA FLOREO (I Flourish in
the Shade) on a scroll at the bottom, all encircled by a green
garland

Benin
two equal horizontal bands of yellow (top) and red (bottom)
with a vertical green band on the hoist side

Bermuda
red, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side
quadrant and the Bermudian coat of arms (white and green shield with
a red lion holding a scrolled shield showing the sinking of the ship
Sea Venture off Bermuda in 1609) centered on the outer half of the
flag

Bhutan
divided diagonally from the lower hoist side corner; the
upper triangle is yellow and the lower triangle is orange; centered
along the dividing line is a large black and white dragon facing
away from the hoist side

Bolivia
three equal horizontal bands of red (top), yellow, and green
with the coat of arms centered on the yellow band; similar to the
flag of Ghana, which has a large black five-pointed star centered in
the yellow band

Bosnia and Herzegovina
a wide medium blue vertical band on the fly
side with a yellow isosceles triangle abutting the band and the top
of the flag; the remainder of the flag is medium blue with seven
full five-pointed white stars and two half stars top and bottom
along the hypotenuse of the triangle

Botswana
light blue with a horizontal white-edged black stripe in
the center

Bouvet Island
the flag of Norway is used

Brazil
green with a large yellow diamond in the center bearing a
blue celestial globe with 27 white five-pointed stars (one for each
state and the Federal District) arranged in the same pattern as the
night sky over Brazil; the globe has a white equatorial band with
the motto ORDEM E PROGRESSO (Order and Progress)

British Indian Ocean Territory
white with six blue wavy horizontal
stripes; the flag of the UK is in the upper hoist-side quadrant; the
striped section bears a palm tree and yellow crown centered on the
outer half of the flag

British Virgin Islands
blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper
hoist-side quadrant and the Virgin Islander coat of arms centered in
the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms depicts a woman flanked
on either side by a vertical column of six oil lamps above a scroll
bearing the Latin word VIGILATE (Be Watchful)

Brunei
yellow with two diagonal bands of white (top, almost double
width) and black starting from the upper hoist side; the national
emblem in red is superimposed at the center; the emblem includes a
swallow-tailed flag on top of a winged column within an upturned
crescent above a scroll and flanked by two upraised hands

Bulgaria
three equal horizontal bands of white (top), green, and
red; note - the national emblem, formerly on the hoist side of the
white stripe, has been removed

Burkina Faso
two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and green with
a yellow five-pointed star in the center; uses the popular
pan-African colors of Ethiopia

Burma
red with a blue rectangle in the upper hoist-side corner
bearing, 14 white five-pointed stars encircling a cogwheel
containing a stalk of rice; the 14 stars represent the seven
administrative divisions and seven states

Burundi
divided by a white diagonal cross into red panels (top and
bottom) and green panels (hoist side and fly side) with a white disk
superimposed at the center bearing three red six-pointed stars
outlined in green arranged in a triangular design (one star above,
two stars below)

Cambodia
three horizontal bands of blue (top), red (double width),
and blue with a white three-towered temple representing Angkor Wat
outlined in black in the center of the red band; only national flag
to incorporate an actual building in its design

Cameroon
three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), red, and
yellow with a yellow five-pointed star centered in the red band;
uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia

Canada
two vertical bands of red (hoist and fly side, half width),
with white square between them; an 11-pointed red maple leaf is
centered in the white square; the official colors of Canada are red
and white

Cape Verde
three horizontal bands of light blue (top, double width),
white (with a horizontal red stripe in the middle third), and light
blue; a circle of 10 yellow five-pointed stars is centered on the
hoist end of the red stripe and extends into the upper and lower
blue bands

Cayman Islands
blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side
quadrant and the Caymanian coat of arms centered on the outer half
of the flag; the coat of arms includes a pineapple and turtle above
a shield with three stars (representing the three islands) and a
scroll at the bottom bearing the motto HE HATH FOUNDED IT UPON THE
SEAS

Central African Republic
four equal horizontal bands of blue (top),
white, green, and yellow with a vertical red band in center; there
is a yellow five-pointed star on the hoist side of the blue band

Chad
three equal vertical bands of blue (hoist side), yellow, and
red; similar to the flag of Romania; also similar to the flags of
Andorra and Moldova, both of which have a national coat of arms
centered in the yellow band; design was based on the flag of France

Chile
two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and red; there is a
blue square the same height as the white band at the hoist-side end
of the white band; the square bears a white five-pointed star in the
center representing a guide to progress and honor; blue symbolizes
the sky, white is for the snow-covered Andes, and red stands for the
blood spilled to achieve independence; design was influenced by the
US flag

China
red with a large yellow five-pointed star and four smaller
yellow five-pointed stars (arranged in a vertical arc toward the
middle of the flag) in the upper hoist-side corner

Christmas Island
territorial flag; divided diagonally from upper
hoist to lower fly; the upper triangle is green with a yellow image
of the Golden Bosun Bird superimposed, while the lower triangle is
blue with the Southern Cross constellation, representing Australia,
superimposed; a centered yellow disk displays a green map of the
island; the flag of Australia is used for official purposes

Clipperton Island
the flag of France is used

Cocos (Keeling) Islands
the flag of Australia is used

Colombia
three horizontal bands of yellow (top, double-width), blue,
and red; similar to the flag of Ecuador, which is longer and bears
the Ecuadorian coat of arms superimposed in the center

Comoros
four equal horizontal bands of yellow (top), white, red, and
blue with a green isosceles triangle based on the hoist; centered
within the triangle is a white crescent with the convex side facing
the hoist and four white, five-pointed stars placed vertically in a
line between the points of the crescent; the horizontal bands and
the four stars represent the four main islands of the archipelago -
Mwali, Njazidja, Nzwani, and Mayotte (a territorial collectivity of
France, but claimed by Comoros); the crescent, stars, and color
green are traditional symbols of Islam

Congo, Democratic Republic of the
sky blue field divided diagonally
from the lower hoist corner to upper fly corner by a red stripe
bordered by two narrow yellow stripes; a yellow, five-pointed star
appears in the upper hoist corner

Congo, Republic of the
divided diagonally from the lower hoist side
by a yellow band; the upper triangle (hoist side) is green and the
lower triangle is red; uses the popular pan-African colors of
Ethiopia

Cook Islands
blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side
quadrant and a large circle of 15 white five-pointed stars (one for
every island) centered in the outer half of the flag

Coral Sea Islands
the flag of Australia is used

Costa Rica
five horizontal bands of blue (top), white, red (double
width), white, and blue, with the coat of arms in a white elliptical
disk on the hoist side of the red band; above the coat of arms a
light blue ribbon contains the words, AMERICA CENTRAL, and just
below it near the top of the coat of arms is a white ribbon with the
words, REPUBLICA COSTA RICA

Cote d'Ivoire
three equal vertical bands of orange (hoist side),
white, and green; similar to the flag of Ireland, which is longer
and has the colors reversed - green (hoist side), white, and orange;
also similar to the flag of Italy, which is green (hoist side),
white, and red; design was based on the flag of France

Croatia
three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and blue
superimposed by the Croatian coat of arms (red and white checkered)

Cuba
five equal horizontal bands of blue (top, center, and bottom)
alternating with white; a red equilateral triangle based on the
hoist side bears a white, five-pointed star in the center

Cyprus
white with a copper-colored silhouette of the island (the
name Cyprus is derived from the Greek word for copper) above two
green crossed olive branches in the center of the flag; the branches
symbolize the hope for peace and reconciliation between the Greek
and Turkish communities
note: the "Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus" flag has a
horizontal red stripe at the top and bottom between which is a red
crescent and red star on a white field

Czech Republic
two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and red
with a blue isosceles triangle based on the hoist side (identical to
the flag of the former Czechoslovakia)

Denmark
red with a white cross that extends to the edges of the
flag; the vertical part of the cross is shifted to the hoist side,
and that design element of the Dannebrog (Danish flag) was
subsequently adopted by the other Nordic countries of Finland,
Iceland, Norway, and Sweden

Dhekelia
the flag of the UK is used

Djibouti
two equal horizontal bands of light blue (top) and light
green with a white isosceles triangle based on the hoist side
bearing a red five-pointed star in the center

Dominica
green, with a centered cross of three equal bands - the
vertical part is yellow (hoist side), black, and white and the
horizontal part is yellow (top), black, and white; superimposed in
the center of the cross is a red disk bearing a sisserou parrot
encircled by 10 green, five-pointed stars edged in yellow; the 10
stars represent the 10 administrative divisions (parishes)

Dominican Republic
a centered white cross that extends to the edges
divides the flag into four rectangles - the top ones are blue (hoist
side) and red, and the bottom ones are red (hoist side) and blue; a
small coat of arms featuring a shield supported by an olive branch
(left) and a palm branch (right) is at the center of the cross;
above the shield a blue ribbon displays the motto, DIOS, PATRIA,
LIBERTAD (God, Fatherland, Liberty), and below the shield, REPUBLICA
DOMINICANA appears on a red ribbon

East Timor
red, with a black isosceles triangle (based on the hoist
side) superimposed on a slightly longer yellow arrowhead that
extends to the center of the flag; there is a white star in the
center of the black triangle

Ecuador
three horizontal bands of yellow (top, double width), blue,
and red with the coat of arms superimposed at the center of the
flag; similar to the flag of Colombia, which is shorter and does not
bear a coat of arms

Egypt
three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and black;
the national emblem (a gold Eagle of Saladin facing the hoist side
with a shield superimposed on its chest above a scroll bearing the
name of the country in Arabic) centered in the white band; design is
based on the Arab Liberation flag and similar to the flag of Syria,
which has two green stars, Iraq, which has three green stars (plus
an Arabic inscription) in a horizontal line centered in the white
band, and Yemen, which has a plain white band

El Salvador
three equal horizontal bands of blue (top), white, and
blue with the national coat of arms centered in the white band; the
coat of arms features a round emblem encircled by the words
REPUBLICA DE EL SALVADOR EN LA AMERICA CENTRAL; similar to the flag
of Nicaragua, which has a different coat of arms centered in the
white band - it features a triangle encircled by the words REPUBLICA
DE NICARAGUA on top and AMERICA CENTRAL on the bottom; also similar
to the flag of Honduras, which has five blue stars arranged in an X
pattern centered in the white band

Equatorial Guinea
three equal horizontal bands of green (top),
white, and red with a blue isosceles triangle based on the hoist
side and the coat of arms centered in the white band; the coat of
arms has six yellow six-pointed stars (representing the mainland and
five offshore islands) above a gray shield bearing a silk-cotton
tree and below which is a scroll with the motto UNIDAD, PAZ,
JUSTICIA (Unity, Peace, Justice)

Eritrea
red isosceles triangle (based on the hoist side) dividing
the flag into two right triangles; the upper triangle is green, the
lower one is blue; a gold wreath encircling a gold olive branch is
centered on the hoist side of the red triangle

Estonia
pre-1940 flag restored by Supreme Soviet in May 1990 - three
equal horizontal bands of blue (top), black, and white

Ethiopia
three equal horizontal bands of green (top), yellow, and
red with a yellow pentagram and single yellow rays emanating from
the angles between the points on a light blue disk centered on the
three bands; Ethiopia is the oldest independent country in Africa,
and the three main colors of her flag were so often adopted by other
African countries upon independence that they became known as the
pan-African colors

Europa Island
the flag of France is used

European Union
on a blue field, 12 five-pointed gold stars arranged
in a circle, representing the union of the peoples of Europe; the
number of stars is fixed

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
blue with the flag of the UK in
the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Falkland Island coat of arms
centered on the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms contains a
white ram (sheep raising was once the major economic activity) above
the sailing ship Desire (whose crew discovered the islands) with a
scroll at the bottom bearing the motto DESIRE THE RIGHT

Faroe Islands
white with a red cross outlined in blue extending to
the edges of the flag; the vertical part of the cross is shifted
toward the hoist side in the style of the Dannebrog (Danish flag)

Fiji
light blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side
quadrant and the Fijian shield centered on the outer half of the
flag; the shield depicts a yellow lion above a white field quartered
by the cross of Saint George featuring stalks of sugarcane, a palm
tree, bananas, and a white dove

Finland
white with a blue cross extending to the edges of the flag;
the vertical part of the cross is shifted to the hoist side in the
style of the Dannebrog (Danish flag)

France
three equal vertical bands of blue (hoist side), white, and
red; known as the "Le drapeau tricolore" (French Tricolor), the
origin of the flag dates to 1790 and the French Revolution; the
design and/or colors are similar to a number of other flags,
including those of Belgium, Chad, Ireland, Cote d'Ivoire,
Luxembourg, and Netherlands; the official flag for all French
dependent areas

French Guiana
the flag of France is used

French Polynesia
two narrow red horizontal bands encase a wide white
band; centered on the white band is a disk with blue and white wave
pattern on the lower half and gold and white ray pattern on the
upper half; a stylized red, blue and white ship rides on the wave
pattern; the French flag is used for official occasions

French Southern and Antarctic Lands
the flag of France is used

Gabon
three equal horizontal bands of green (top), yellow, and blue

Gambia, The
three equal horizontal bands of red (top), blue with
white edges, and green

Georgia
white rectangle, in its central portion a red cross
connecting all four sides of the flag; in each of the four corners
is a small red bolnur-katskhuri cross; the five-cross flag appears
to date back to the 14th century

Germany
three equal horizontal bands of black (top), red, and gold

Ghana
three equal horizontal bands of red (top), yellow, and green
with a large black five-pointed star centered in the yellow band;
uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia; similar to the flag
of Bolivia, which has a coat of arms centered in the yellow band

Gibraltar
two horizontal bands of white (top, double width) and red
with a three-towered red castle in the center of the white band;
hanging from the castle gate is a gold key centered in the red band

Glorioso Islands
the flag of France is used

Greece
nine equal horizontal stripes of blue alternating with white;
there is a blue square in the upper hoist-side corner bearing a
white cross; the cross symbolizes Greek Orthodoxy, the established
religion of the country

Greenland
two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and red with a
large disk slightly to the hoist side of center - the top half of
the disk is red, the bottom half is white

Grenada
a rectangle divided diagonally into yellow triangles (top
and bottom) and green triangles (hoist side and outer side), with a
red border around the flag; there are seven yellow, five-pointed
stars with three centered in the top red border, three centered in
the bottom red border, and one on a red disk superimposed at the
center of the flag; there is also a symbolic nutmeg pod on the
hoist-side triangle (Grenada is the world's second-largest producer
of nutmeg, after Indonesia); the seven stars represent the seven
administrative divisions

Guadeloupe
unofficial, local flag based upon the arms of the city of
Pointe-a-Pitre; the field is divided horizontally with a narrow,
blue stripe along the top edge charged with three gold
fleurs-de-lis; the wider, lower portion of the field is black and
charged with green sugar cane leaves - representing one of
Guadeloupe's main crops - surmounted by a gold radiant sun
representing the tropical climate; the only official flag is the
national flag of France

Guam
territorial flag is dark blue with a narrow red border on all
four sides; centered is a red-bordered, pointed, vertical ellipse
containing a beach scene, outrigger canoe with sail, and a palm tree
with the word GUAM superimposed in bold red letters; US flag is the
national flag

Guatemala
three equal vertical bands of light blue (hoist side),
white, and light blue with the coat of arms centered in the white
band; the coat of arms includes a green and red quetzal (the
national bird) and a scroll bearing the inscription LIBERTAD 15 DE
SEPTIEMBRE DE 1821 (the original date of independence from Spain)
all superimposed on a pair of crossed rifles and a pair of crossed
swords and framed by a wreath

Guernsey
white with the red cross of Saint George (patron saint of
England) extending to the edges of the flag and a yellow equal-armed
cross of William the Conqueror superimposed on the Saint George cross

Guinea
three equal vertical bands of red (hoist side), yellow, and
green; uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia

Guinea-Bissau
two equal horizontal bands of yellow (top) and green
with a vertical red band on the hoist side; there is a black
five-pointed star centered in the red band; uses the popular
pan-African colors of Ethiopia

Guyana
green, with a red isosceles triangle (based on the hoist
side) superimposed on a long, yellow arrowhead; there is a narrow,
black border between the red and yellow, and a narrow, white border
between the yellow and the green

Haiti
two equal horizontal bands of blue (top) and red with a
centered white rectangle bearing the coat of arms, which contains a
palm tree flanked by flags and two cannons above a scroll bearing
the motto L'UNION FAIT LA FORCE (Union Makes Strength)

Heard Island and McDonald Islands
the flag of Australia is used

Holy See (Vatican City)
two vertical bands of yellow (hoist side)
and white with the arms of the Holy See, consisting of the crossed
keys of Saint Peter surmounted by the three-tiered papal tiara,
centered in the white band

Honduras
three equal horizontal bands of blue (top), white, and blue
with five blue, five-pointed stars arranged in an X pattern centered
in the white band; the stars represent the members of the former
Federal Republic of Central America - Costa Rica, El Salvador,
Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua; similar to the flag of El
Salvador, which features a round emblem encircled by the words
REPUBLICA DE EL SALVADOR EN LA AMERICA CENTRAL centered in the white
band; also similar to the flag of Nicaragua, which features a
triangle encircled by the word REPUBLICA DE NICARAGUA on top and
AMERICA CENTRAL on the bottom, centered in the white band

Hong Kong
red with a stylized, white, five-petal bauhinia flower in
the center

Howland Island
the flag of the US is used

Hungary
three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and green

Iceland
blue with a red cross outlined in white extending to the
edges of the flag; the vertical part of the cross is shifted to the
hoist side in the style of the Dannebrog (Danish flag)

Iles Eparses
the flag of France is used

India
three equal horizontal bands of saffron (subdued orange)
(top), white, and green with a blue chakra (24-spoked wheel)
centered in the white band; similar to the flag of Niger, which has
a small orange disk centered in the white band

Indonesia
two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and white; similar
to the flag of Monaco, which is shorter; also similar to the flag of
Poland, which is white (top) and red

Iran
three equal horizontal bands of green (top), white, and red;
the national emblem (a stylized representation of the word Allah in
the shape of a tulip, a symbol of martyrdom) in red is centered in
the white band; ALLAH AKBAR (God is Great) in white Arabic script is
repeated 11 times along the bottom edge of the green band and 11
times along the top edge of the red band

Iraq
three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and black
with three green five-pointed stars in a horizontal line centered in
the white band; the phrase ALLAHU AKBAR (God is Great) in green
Arabic script - Allahu to the right of the middle star and Akbar to
the left of the middle star - was added in January 1991 during the
Persian Gulf crisis; similar to the flag of Syria, which has two
stars but no script, Yemen, which has a plain white band, and that
of Egypt which has a gold Eagle of Saladin centered in the white
band; design is based upon the Arab Liberation colors

Ireland
three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), white, and
orange; similar to the flag of Cote d'Ivoire, which is shorter and
has the colors reversed - orange (hoist side), white, and green;
also similar to the flag of Italy, which is shorter and has colors
of green (hoist side), white, and red

Isle of Man
red with the Three Legs of Man emblem (Trinacria), in
the center; the three legs are joined at the thigh and bent at the
knee; in order to have the toes pointing clockwise on both sides of
the flag, a two-sided emblem is used

Israel
white with a blue hexagram (six-pointed linear star) known as
the Magen David (Shield of David) centered between two equal
horizontal blue bands near the top and bottom edges of the flag