Chapter IV: Part I: The Small Landholder

CHAP.

I. THE RURAL POPULATION--

(_a_) THE CLASSES OF LANDHOLDERS 19

(_b_) THE FREEHOLDERS 27

(_c_) THE CUSTOMARY TENANTS 40

II. THE PEASANTRY--

(_a_) THE VARIETY OF CONDITIONS 55

(_b_) THE CONSOLIDATION OF PEASANT HOLDINGS 57

(_c_) THE GROWTH OF THE LAND MARKET AMONG THE
PEASANTS 72

III. THE PEASANTRY (_continued_)--

(_d_) THE ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT OF THE SMALL
CULTIVATOR 98

IV. THE PEASANTRY (_continued_)--

(_e_) SIGNS OF CHANGE 136

(_f_) THE GROWTH OF COMPETITIVE RENTS ON NEW
ALLOTMENTS 139

(_g_) THE PROGRESS OF ENCLOSURE AMONT THE
PEASANTRY 147

PART II.--THE TRANSITION TO CAPITALIST AGRICULTURE

I. THE NEW RURAL ECONOMY--

(_a_) MOTIVES AND CAUSES 177

(_b_) THE GROWTH OF THE LARGE LEASEHOLD FARM 200

(_c_) ENCLOSURE AND CONVERSION BY THE MANORIAL
AUTHORITIES 213

II. THE PEASANTRY--

(_a_) THE REMOVING OF LANDMARKS 231

(_b_) THE STRUGGLE FOR THE COMMONS 237

(_c_) THE ENGROSSING OF HOLDINGS AND
DISPLACEMENT OF TENANTS 253

(_d_) THE AGRARIAN CHANGES AND THE POOR LAW 266

III. THE QUESTION OF TENANT RIGHT--

(_a_) THE TENANTS AT WILL AND THE LEASEHOLDERS 281

(_b_) THE COPYHOLDERS 287

(_c_) THE UNDERMINING OF CUSTOMARY TENURES 301

PART III.--THE OUTCOME OF THE AGRARIAN REVOLUTION

I. THE AGRARIAN PROBLEM AND THE STATE--

(_a_) THE POLITICAL AND SOCIAL
IMPORTANCE OF THE PEASANTRY 313

(_b_) LEGISLATION AND ADMINISTRATION 351

(_c_) SUCCESS AND FAILURE OF STATE INTERVENTION 377

II. GENERAL CONCLUSIONS 401

APPENDIX I 410

APPENDIX II 422

INDEX 437

LIST OF MAPS

I. PART OF THE MANOR OF SALFORD, IN
BEDFORDSHIRE (1590) _To face page_ 163

II. PART OF THE MANOR OF EDGEWARE, IN
MIDDLESEX (1597) " " 172

III. PART OF THE MANOR OF MAIDS MORTON,
IN BUCKINGHAMSHIRE (1590) " " 221

IV. PART OF THE MANOR OF CRENDON IN BUCKINGHAMSHIRE
(about 1590) " " 221

V. PART OF THE MANOR OF WEEDON WESTON,
IN NORTHAMPTONSHIRE (1590) " " 222

VI. PART OF THE MANOR OF WHADBOROUGH IN
LEICESTERSHIRE (1620) " " 223

THE AGRARIAN PROBLEM IN THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY