Chapter XIX: Conclusion

The project of the present volume had contemplated a lesser number of pages than it now includes, but it has been restricted to its present bounds only by eliminating much that was germane to its subject. The grand fabric of Jewish charity, whose broad expanse extends throughout the land, compassing every element of society, responsive to every call of humanity, expressive of every trait of civilization and conducive to every avenue of culture, has been adverted to but incidentally. In the field of philanthropic effort the Jewish citizens of the American Union may unhesitatingly claim to have built for themselves monuments more numerous and larger by far than their proportionate share; in this field the historic spirit of Judaism continues even increasingly to manifest itself. In this field and in this alone the Jewish spirit has been materialistic. Its forces have been directed not to saving souls by a change of creed, but by bettering the conditions of human existence. The great ideals of Judaism, the universal fatherhood of God, the universal brotherhood of men, and the direct responsibility of every human being to the Maker of all, have steadfastly been upheld, but its forces have not been exerted in striving to make good the seeming shortcomings of the Divine nature, but in striving to make good the essential shortcomings of our human nature, by alleviating the distresses arising from the constitution of society and by lessening the sufferings that are inevitably incident to the conditions of life. To this end the American Jewish citizens have organized a widely diversified system of relief for the sick and the needy, and while so doing have not restricted their efforts within denominational bounds, but have opened their doors and stretched out their hands to all humanity. Not alone, however, in dealing with conditions that are inseparable from the social system, but furthermore in dealing with such as are removable, in educating and lifting up those of the community who are in need of fostering care, in furthering the spread of intelligence and in raising the standard of citizenship, the Jewish people have been unceasingly active, and especially so in free America, where, as the foregoing pages have recorded, they have stood from the very beginning "shoulder to shoulder" with their fellow citizens of every creed, in every movement that has made for freedom and for liberty, for culture and for charity. And well they might. To no others of the Old World denizens was the New World more completely new; for no other people has the promise of the Columbian epoch been more completely fulfilled than for the Jews.

And, therefore, more especially while the closing years of the nineteenth century have seen its brilliant promise darkened by a broad shadow of the Middle Ages; while the ghastly tragedy that marked in Spain the opening year of American discovery is being rehearsed in Russia with all the effects of modern aggrandizement, we may not better close this book than with the grand apostrophe of the Columbian year that has been left us by the Jewish poetess, Emma Lazarus:

Thou, two-faced year, mother of Change and Fate,
Didst weep when Spain cast forth with flaming sword
The children of the prophets of the Lord.
Prince, priest and people spurned by zealot hate,
Hounded from sea to sea, from state to state,
The West refused them and the East abhorred,
No anchorage the known world could afford,
Close locked was every port, barred every gate.
Then smiling, thou unveil'dst, O two-faced year,
A virgin world where doors of sunset part,
Saying, 'Ho, all who weary, enter here!
Here falls each ancient barrier that the art
Of race or creed or rank devised, to rear
Grim-bulwarked hatred between heart and heart.'

INDEX.

Aboab, Ishac, de Fonseca, 446, 450, 451, 452, 453, 454

Abraham, Lewis, two papers by, 53-66

Accoignes, Moise, 447

Adams, Charles Francis, 91-96

Adams, Hannah, referred to, 462 (note 51)

Adams, Professor Herbert B., paper by, 14-26

Adams, John, 61

Adams, John Quincy, 64

Addenda to Lists of Soldiers, 423

Adler, Dr. Cyrus, referred to, 475 (note 78)

Adler, Rabbi Liebman, 425

Aguilar, Moses Raphael de, 446, 453, 454

Ainsworth, Colonel F. C., referred to, 11

Alabama, List of Jewish Soldiers from, 117-122

Alexander I, of Russia, 533

Alexander II, of Russia, 528, 530, 535, 539, 540

Alexander III, of Russia, 519, 543

Alliance, Jewish, of America, 559, 560

American Committee for Ameliorating the Condition of Russian Refugees, 559, 560

American Party, 552, 553

Antokolski, Russian sculptor, 536

Appel, Alexander M., Sergeant Major, 187

Appleton, William, 63

Arias, Isaac, 465

Arkansas, List of Jewish Soldiers from, 123-124

Argentina, Emigration to, 538, 550

Baltimore Jewish Patriots, 38-40

Bamberger, Dr. Ludwig, 536

Barrios, Don Miguel Levi de, 449, 455, 456

Beaulieu, M. Anatole Leroy, quoted, 515-522

Beecher, Henry Ward, quoted, 439

Belmonte, Benvenida, 464

Benedix, Robert, quoted, 510-511

Benjamin, Judah P., 102

Berndt, Dr. J. D., 440-441

Bismarck, Otto von, quoted, 503

Blaine, James G., letter to John W. Foster, on rights of American Israelites in Russia, 525-527

Bliss, Cornelius N., quoted, 439

Bloom, Nathan, 429

Blumenberg, Leopold, Brevet Brigadier-General, 199-200

Brackenridge, H. M., quoted, 67 (note)

Brewster, Hon. F. Carroll, quoted, 506

Brito, Abraham de, 465

Bromet, H. L., 460

Brothers-in arms, 109-111 Cohen (6), North Carolina, 109 Jonas (5), Mississippi and Illinois, 109 Moses (5), South Carolina, 109 Moses (4), Georgia, 110 Cohen (3), Arkansas, 110 Goldsmith (3), Georgia and South Carolina, 110 Levy (3), Virginia, 110 Moses (3), Alabama, 110 Wenk (5), New York, 111 Feder (3), New York, 111 Levy (4), New York, 111 Emanuel (3), Pennsylvania, 111 Koch (3), Ohio, 111

Bryant, William Cullen, quoted, 509-510

Bunker Hill Monument, 63-64

Bush, Isidor, 429

Bush, Mathias, 13

California, List of Jewish Soldiers from, 125-126

Carey, Henry C., quoted, 554-556

Carmoly, Dr. E., referred to, 456 (note 34), quoted, 460 (note 47)

Carvalho, Isaac, 467

Carvalho, Sebastian, 447

Castanho, Isaac, 450

Catharine II, of Russia, 526, 527

Chase, Miss Kate, 89

Chase, Hon. Salmon P., 89, 97

Chittenden, L. E., 87, 90, article by, 91-97

Civil Life, Jewish Patriotism in, 425-441

Clinton, Sir Henry, 16

Coen, Abraham, 449, 451

Coen, Jacob, 449

Cohen, Abraham, Captain, 244-245

Cohen, Benjamin, 44

Cohen, Dr. Marx E., 374

Cohen, Brothers (six), 374

Cohn, Abraham, Adjutant, 106 (medal of honor); 224-226

Colonies, Jewish Agricultural; in America, 549; in Argentina, 550; in Palestine, 549; in Russia, 533

Colonization, the Jewish, Association, 550

Commission to investigate condition of affairs in Russia, 524-525

Connecticut, List of Jewish Soldiers from, 127

Confederate Army, Jewish Staff Officers in the, 114-115

Confederate Navy, Jewish Officers in the, 116

Continental Armies, Jewish Soldiers in the, 44-52

Cooper, General, 103

Cordoso, Daniel, 482

Coronel, David Senior, 450

Costa, Isaac de, referred to, 449, 451 (note 20), 452 (note 21), 453 (note 25), 458 (note 42), 460 (note 46), 461 (note 50)

Cullum, General George W., referred to, 35

Cummings, Representative Amos J., introduces a resolution about the Jews in Russia, 543

Curtis, George William, quoted, 506-508

Daly, Hon. Charles P., referred to, 33, 41, 444 (note), 446 (note)

D'Angers, David, 62

Daniels, A. C., referred to, 430 (note)

Davidson, Solomon, 125

Davis, Jefferson, 93

Davis, Ex-Judge Noah, quoted, 436-437

De Candolle, Alphonse L. P. Pyrame, quoted, 490-491

Depew, Hon. Chauncey M., quoted on Russian Jews, 562-563

Dexter, Franklin, 64

Dillon, Hon. John F., letter on Russian Jews, 561-562

District of Columbia, List of Jewish Soldiers from, 128

Dyer, Isidor, 440

Ebron, David, Letter to Philip II, 473-176

Einhorn, Dr. David, 425

Einstein, Max, Colonel, 349-350

Eliot, George, quoted, 499-500

Etting, Solomon, 44, 67

Europe, Jews in the Armies of, 485-487

Everett, Edward, 64

Field, Rev. Dr. Henry M., quoted, 494-498

Fish, Hamilton, Secretary of State, letter by him to Consul General Peixotto, of Roumania, 542-543

Florida, List of Jewish Soldiers from, 128

Forsyth, John, Secretary of State, letter by him to David Porter, Minister to Turkey, on outrages on the Jews, 541

Frank, Mayer, Captain, 141

Frankel, Dr. Zachariah, referred to, 447 (note 9), 449 (note 13), 451 (note 20), 456 (note 36), 462 (note 51)

Franklin, Benjamin, 30, 65

Franks, David, 13

Franks, David S., 15, 27-32

Franks, Rebecca, 27

Frederic, Harold, referred to, 525

Frederick III, of Germany, 535

Friedenwald, Dr. Herbert, referred to, 25, 27, 30

Friedheim, Herman, 191

Friedman, Max, Colonel, 351

Fuerst, Dr. Julius, 456 (note 34)

Gans, Isaac (medal of honor), 107

Garfield, President James Abram, 429

Georgia, List of Jewish Soldiers from, 129-135

Gibbons, Cardinal, about the Russian Jews, 560

Goldsmid, Sir Francis H., referred to, 483

Goldsmith, M., 103, 104

Gordon, General J. B., referred to, 11

Gradis Family, enterprise and influence of, in the West Indies and during the Canadian Wars, 476-482

Grant, General U.S., referred to, 6, 429, 430; official paper by, 542

Graetz, Professor Dr. H., quoted, 447, 451, 452, 477 (notes 79 and 80), 480 (notes 81 and 82)

Gratz, Barnard, 13

Gratz, Michael, 13

Greenebaum, Henry, 425

Greenebaum, Michael, 425-426

Greenhut, Joseph B., Captain, sketch of and address by, 143-149

Gregoire, Abbé, 482

Gross, Charles, Ph.D., referred to, 442 (note)

Grunwalt, Abraham (medal of honor), 107

Hackenburg, William B., referred to, 6

Hahn, Dr. A., referred to, 449 (note 13), 450, 452, 453 (note 25), 461 (note 50), 466 (note 59)

Hancock, John, 63

Harby, Isaac, 67

Harper, E. B., quoted, 438

Hart, Abraham, Captain and Brigade Adjutant-General, 354-355

Hart, Isaac, 33-34

Hart, Jacob, 38

Heilprin, Michael, 425

Heller, Henry (medal of honor), 106

Hendricks, Herman, 35

Herrera, Abraham Cohen, 450

Hewitt, Hon. Abram S., quoted, 438, 505-506

Hirsch, Baron Maurice de, 535, 549

Hirsch, Baron de, Trust, in the United States, 559

Historical Society, American Jewish, referred to 430 (note)

Hollander, Dr. J. H., annotations by, 14-26

Horwitz, Dr. James, 425

Howe, General William, 41, 46

Humboldt, Alexander Von, quoted, 490

Hyacinthe, Père, quoted, 492-493

Hyneman, Elias Leon, Sergeant, sketch of, 356-357

Illinois, List of Jewish Soldiers from, 136-171

Immigration, Historical and Economic Aspects of, 544-564; from British Isles, 557; Chinese, 551-552; German, 548, 557; Polish, 547; Report of Commissioners on, 524, 529; Sephardic-Jewish, 548; Slavic-Jewish, 519, 548

Indiana, List of Jewish Soldiers from, 172-186

Iowa, List of Jewish Soldiers from, 187

Isaacs, Rev. Samuel M., 425

Jacobs, Benjamin, 26

Jacobs, Joseph, 13

Jamaica, Civil and Military Status of the Jews in, 482-484

Jamaica, List of Jews appointed to Civil and Military office since the Act of 1831 in, 483-484

James, Thomas L., ex-Postmaster General, quoted, 435-436

Jastrow, Professor Morris, Jr., referred to, 27

Jay, John, 30

Jefferson, Thomas, 59-60; statute of, 62-63, 65

Joachimsen, Philip J., Brevet-Brigadier-General, 262-263

Josephsen, Manuel, 58

Jost, Dr. I. M., referred to, 453

Judah, Samuel, 34

Kansas, List of Jewish Soldiers from, 188

Karpeles, Leopold, Color-Sergeant, 106 (medal of honor), 204-206

Kayserling, Dr. M., referred to, 442, 446 (note), 449 (note 14), 450 (note 17), 451 (note 20), 453 (note 24), 454 (note 26), 455 (notes 28 and 32), 457 (note 42), 459 (note 44), 461 (note 49), 462 (note 52), 463 (notes 53 and 54), 464 (note 55), 465 (note 56), 466 (note 58), 467 (note 60), 468 (note 61), 473 (note 75), 474 (note 77)

Kentucky, List of Jewish Soldiers from, 188-189

Knefler, Frederick, Brigadier-General, 179

Know-Nothing Party, 552, 553, 557

Koenen, H. J., referred to, 443 (note), 444 (note), 462, 453 (note 24), 454 (notes 26 and 27), 455 (notes 28 and 31), 456, 457 (notes 37, 38, 39, 40, and 41), 458 (note 43), 460 (note 46), 462 (note 52), 463 (note 53), 464 (notes 55 and 56), 465 (note 58), 467 (note 60), 468 (note 61), 469 (note 64), 470 (notes 65 and 67), 471 (notes 68 and 69), 483 (note 84)

Kohler, Max J., referred to, 11; article by, 27-43, 430 (note)

Kohn, Abraham, 427-428

Kohut, Dr. Adolph, quoted, 486 (note)

Kohut, George A., referred to, 11, 442; article by, 443-484

Kosciuszko, General, 16, 547

Kossuth, Louis, 485, 486

Labatt, David Cohen, Captain, 195

La Fatte, Gabriel de, 469

Lafayette, General de, 38, 39

Laguna, Daniel Israel Lopez, referred to, 464 (note 55)

Lasalle, Ferdinand, 536

Lasker, Eduard, 536

Latin-American Settlements, Jews in, 442

Lawrence Amos, 63, 64

Lazarus, Emma, her poem, "1492" cited, 566

Leeser, Rev. Isaac, article quoted, 40, 485-486 (note)

_Le Monde_, quoted, 492-494

Levi, Leo N., 100

Levis, Chevalier de, 32-33

Levy, Benjamin, 13-26

Levy, Benjamin, 270-271

Levy, Benjamin B. (medal of honor), 106

Levy, Eugene H., referred to, 11

Levy, Hayman, 34

Levy, Hyman, Jr., 13

Levy, Samson, 13

Levy, Uriah Phillips, Commander, 62, 63, 81, 84

Levy, father and three sons, sketches, 275-276

Lichtenstein, L., referred to, 11

Lincoln, President Abraham, 87, 107, 427, 429

Lopez, Aaron, 33

Louisiana, List of Jewish Soldiers from, 190-199

Loyalty, Sketches of Jewish, etc., 443-484

Luria, Albert (Moses), Lieutenant, 303

Lyon, General, referred to, 7

Lyon, Samuel, 26

Macaulay, Thomas Babington, quoted, 500-502

Mack, Henry, 429

Madison, President James, 17, 18 (note), 25, 60

Maine, List of Jewish Soldiers from, 199

Malone, Rev. Sylvester, letter on Russian Jews, 563

Marlon, General, 26

Markens, Isaac, referred to, 11, 39, 430 (note)

Marquand, Henry G., quoted, 438

Marx, Karl, 536

Maryland, List of Jewish Soldiers from, 199-200

Massachusetts, List of Jewish Soldiers from, 201-209

Maurice of Nassau, Count, 445, 448, 449 (note 15), 451

Mayer, Daniel, Captain, letter to, 395

Mayer, Leopold, 425

Mayer, William, General, 284

McDougall, General, 16

McKinley, Governor William, quoted, 427-428

Medals of Honor, Jews who received, 106-108

Menken, Nathan D., Captain, 364

Mercado, Dr. Abraham de, 450

Mexican War, Jewish Soldiers in the, 72-75

Michelbacher, Rev. M., 102, 103

Michigan, List of Jewish Soldiers from, 209-214

Mississippi, List of Jewish Soldiers from, 214-220

Missouri, List of Jewish Soldiers from, 220-223

Mohammedan Outrages on the Jews, 541

Montefiore, Sir Moses, 534, 549

Morais, the Rev. Dr. Sabato, 425

Morais, Henry S., referred to, 11, 20 (note 6), 430 (note)

Mordecai, Alfred, Major, 78-79

Mordecai, Alfred, Jr., Colonel, 79

Mordecai, Moses, 13

Morris, Robert, 17, 22, 30, 38

Morton, Governor Marcus, 64

Morwitz, Dr. Edward, 425

Moses, Isaac, 26

Moses, Isaac, Adjutant-General, 279

Moses, Israel, Lieutenant-Colonel, 74, 281

Moses, Jacob, 34

Moses, Five Brothers, 378

Mucate, Jahacob, 450

Muhr, Simon, 441

Myers, Rev. E. M., referred to, 453, 469 (note 63)

Myers, Isaac, 44

Myers, Jacob, 34

Myers, Nathan, 35

Naar, Moses, 468, 469

Napoleon III, 88

Nassy, David, 454, 463, 465, 466, 468

Nassy, Isaac, 469

Nassy, Samuel, 454-459

Nations, Israel Among the, 515-522

Navy, Jews in the United States, 81-86

Negro Revolts, Suppression of, by the Jews of Surinam (1690-1772), 462-473

Netscher, Pieter Marinus, 444 (note 2), 445 (note 4), 446 (note 5), 447, 448

Nevada, List of Jewish Soldiers from, 224

New Hampshire, List of Jewish Soldiers from, 224-226

New Jersey, List of Jewish Soldiers from, 226-236

Newman, Leopold, Lieutenant-Colonel and Brigadier-General, 285

New Mexico, List of Jewish Soldiers from, 236

New York, Jewish Patriots, 34-35, 38

New York, List of Jewish Soldiers from, 236-301

Nicholas I, of Russia, 533, 540

Nicholas II, of Russia, 519

Noah, Manuel Mordecai, 26, 35

Noah, Mordecai M., 14, 59, 60

Noah, Samuel, 35-38

Non-Importation Resolutions, Signers of, 13

North Carolina, List of Jewish Soldiers from, 301-305

Obranski, David (medal of honor), 106

Official dispatch of Ambassador White to Secretary of State, Gresham, 527-540

Ohio, List of Jewish Soldiers from, 305-344

Osterman, Rosanna, 440

Pale, the Russian-Jewish, 523, 528, 548, 550

Palmer, John W., referred to, 39

Patriots aided by Hyam Solomon, 17

Peixotto, Hon. Benjamin Franklin, 428, 542

Pennsylvania, List of Jewish Soldiers from, 344-372

People, The Jewish, before the World, 488-522

Pereira, Manuel, 465

Peter the Great, 539

Phillips, Miss Ellen, 440

Phillips, Henry M., 440

Phillips, Jonas, 34

Pinto, Isaac, 452

Polack, Cushman, 41

Porter, General Horace, 437

Powderly, Terrence V., quoted, 511-512

Preble, Rear Admiral George Henry, quoted, 426-427

Pulaski, General, 15, 547

Question, The Jewish, quotation, 512-514

Rabbi, Jacob, 448

Randolph, Edmund, 18 (note)

Reese, Michael, 440

Regular Army, Jews in the United States, 76-80

Religious Liberty, Statue, 65-66

Rhode Island, a List of Jewish Soldiers from, 372

Rosecrans, General, referred to, 7

Rothschild, Baron Edmond de, 549

Rothschild, Baron James de, 534

Rothschild, Baron Nathan de, 534

Roumania's Oppression of the Jews, 542

Rudelson, S. J., referred to, 472

Russia, Instances of foreign Jews who were maltreated in, or expelled from, 525, 526, 529, 530, 531

Russia's Crime Against the Jews and Civilization, 523-543

Russian Jewish Refugees in America, 544-564

Sachs, Max, Lieutenant, 184

Salomon, Edward S., Brigadier-General, a Sketch, etc., 164-170, 425

Salomon, Haym, 13, 14-26, 39, 43, 87, 439, 547

Salomon, Haym M., 15, 20 (note), 21 (note), 23, 24, 25, 39

Sarfati, Joshua, 453

Schurz, Hon. Carl, quoted, 165, 430-435, 439, 503-505

Scott, General Winfield, 36

Seddon, Mr., 103

Seixas, David G., 71

Seixas, Isaac, 34

Seixas, Moses, 56

Seligman, Jesse, tributes to, 430-439

Seligman, Joseph, 430

Seligman, Professor, 537

Sheftall, Levi, 54

Sheftall, Mordecai, 40-43

Sheftall, Sheftall, 41

Sherman, General, William T., referred to, 6

Sigel, General Franz, 487

Snowberger, Albert Leopold, a sketch, etc., 369

Sola, Rev. Meldola de, 27

Soldiers named in Introduction, 2-5

Solomons, Hon. Adolphus S., 429

South Carolina Jewish Patriots, 40

South Carolina, a List of Jewish Soldiers from, 372-381

Sparks, Jared, 15, 54

Spiegel, Marcus M., Colonel, 340

Stahel, General J., letters by, 99, 486

Stanton, Hon. Edwin M., 167

Statistical, 424

Steinschneider, Dr. M., referred to, 456 (note 34)

Story, Joseph, 64

Stowe, Harriet Beecher, quoted, 499

Straus, Hon. Oscar S., referred to, 450 (note 16)

Sumner, Hon. Charles, 62

Sumner, Professor, 22 (note)

_Sun_, New York, about the Jews, 563-564

Surinam, defense of the Jews in, against the French, in 1689 and 1712, 459

Swift, General Joseph G., 36

Texas, List of Jewish Soldiers from, 384-388

Touro, Judah, 63, 64, 71, 439-440, 534

Ullman, Captain, 371

Unclassified List of Soldiers in Civil War, 410-422

Union Army, Jewish Staff Officers in the, 112-113

United Hebrew Charities, of New York, 560

Vale, Fernando, 447

Valentine, Jacob, Captain, 380-381

Vermont, List of Jewish Soldiers from, 388

Virginia, List of Jewish Soldiers from, 389-394

Vogt, Professor Carl, quoted, 491

Wallace, Mackenzie, 533, 538

War of 1812, Jewish Soldiers in the, 67-72

Washington, President George, 16, 23, 26, 46, 63 Correspondence between him and Hebrew Citizens, 61-65

Washington Territory, List of Jewish Soldiers from, 394

Watson, Robert G., referred to, 444-445, 446 (note)

Waul, General T. N., letter by, 100-101

Weber, J. B., Chairman of Commission on Immigration, 524, 525, 529

Webster, Daniel, 64

Wertheimer, Edwin, Captain, 299

West Virgina, List of Jewish Soldiers from, 395

Wheaton, Henry, letter by, 17 (note)

White, Andrew D., official dispatch to Secretary of State, Gresham, 527-540

Wisconsin, List of Jewish Soldiers from, 396-409

Wolf, Simon, 8, 11, 20 (note), 22 (note), 66 (note), 89, 90, 99, 428-429; letters to, 486, 487, 542

Wolkonsky, Prince Sergius, 536

Wood, William P., a letter by, 200

Worthington, Colonel W. G., 67 (note)

Wyoming Territory, List of Jewish Soldiers from, 394

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LOUIS EDWARD LEVY

ILLUSTRATED WITH 91 LINE ENGRAVINGS OF PORTRAITS AND LOCALITIES, AND 16 LARGER PORTRAITS IN PHOTOTYPE.

396 Pages, 12 Mo., Bound in Cloth PRICE $1.50

This translation of Señor Cabrera's masterly work on Cuba renders accessible to English readers the most authentic, comprehensive and thorough statement of the Cuban question that has emanated from the press. It has the advantage of presenting the subject in a spirit free from the rancors of the present armed conflict between the Cuban colonists and the mother country, the original work having been published in Cuba and throughout Spain some years before the present struggle began. It commanded the universal attention of the Spanish-speaking world from its first publication in 1887, since which time it has gone through eight editions in the Spanish, successively amplified by the author with notes, appendices and illustrations.

Señor Cabrera deals with his subject-matter from the vantage ground of an acknowledged leadership of the Autonomist party of Cuba, and his work, although voicing the demands of the Cuban people for reforms which Spain has constantly postponed or absolutely refused, has commanded the recognition and the respect of Spanish statesmen of the first rank.

With scholarly insight and a thorough analysis, Señor Cabrera traces the existing social, political and economic condition of Cuba and its people with an impartial pen, in brief but effective outlines and in a lucid and trenchant style. No other contribution to the literature of this important subject compares with this work as an authoritative presentation, and as such it appeals to the attention of the American public.

For Sale by all Booksellers. Price $1.50

THE JEWISH YEAR

Illustrated by Pictures of Old-Time Jewish Family Life, Customs and Observances. From the Paintings by

PROFESSOR MORITZ OPPENHEIM

With Historical and Explanatory Text by

LOUIS EDWARD LEVY

An Imperial Folio Volume (17 x 21)

Containing 20 Levytype Autoglyphic Reproductions of the original Paintings, mounted on boards, and some 50 folio pages of superbly printed text, securely bound in heavy half Russia covers.

In addition to the 20 Autoglyphs of Oppenheim's celebrated paintings, this sumptuous volume contains a line reproduction of a notable work by Leopold Horovitz, and the text itself is furthermore embellished and illustrated by numerous effective relief etchings representing various incidents and accessories of Jewish religious observance.

The twenty-one impressive compositions are collated in illustration of the Jewish year; they represent the successive festivals, fasts and holidays of the religious year, the various aspects of the Sabbath, and the distinctive customs and observances of Jewish family life.

The following is a list of the subjects:--

1. Passover, the Feast of Unleavened Bread. 2. Shabuoth, The Feast of Weeks. 3. Tisha B'Ab, The Feast of the Ninth Day of Ab. 4. Kal Nidre, Eve of The Day of Atonement. 5. Succoth, The Feast of Tabernacles. 6. Hanukah, The Feast of the Dedication. 7. Purim, The Feast of Esther. 8. Beginning of Sabbath. 9. Sabbath Eve. 10. Sabbath Afternoon. 11. Sabbath Rest. 12. Close of Sabbath. 13. The Rite of the Covenant (B'rith Milah). 14. The First Birthday. 15. The Rabbi's Blessing. 16. The Examination. 17. The Confirmation (Bar Mitzva.) 18. The Wedding. 19. The Village Vender. 20. The Anniversary of Mourning (Minyan.) 21. The Return of the Volunteer.

The complete cycle of Oppenheim's masterly Pictures of Jewish Life is included in this work, the original paintings being reproduced with all the fidelity and effectiveness of the most advanced reproductive art.

The text has been written with a special regard to its educational import. Each subject is elucidated by a brief citation of the historic data bearing on it, and by a consideration of those of its features which are directly or indirectly traceable in their origin and development. The various articles thus make up a succession of historic monographs, each one presenting, so to speak, a different cross-section of the outline perspective of Jewish history which the text in its entirety affords.

In the preparation and arrangement of this work the Publishers have endeavored to maintain for its various elements, artistic, literary and mechanical, a standard commensurate with the dignity of the subject. They believe that they have measurably succeeded in their purpose, and they bring the work before the Jewish public with a confident reliance on its support.

_The Oppenheim Album of the Jewish Year is furnished at $20,_

a price which, while necessarily greater than that of ordinary books, is far below the usual cost of art books of equal magnitude. This has been rendered possible through the economies resulting from the concentration of all the requisite facilities for its production and the compassing of all the latest advances in the heliographic and typographic arts. The work forms a magnificent _livre de luxe_. The pictures are mounted on artistically matted boards, hinged on guards, and bound in heavy covers with fine cloth and half Russia leather binding. It may be ordered through any bookseller, and if ordered direct it will be sent by express prepaid to any address in the United States or Canada on receipt of the subscription price.

LEVYTYPE COMPANY, PUBLISHERS, 7th and Chestnut Streets, PHILADELPHIA, PA.

The Jews of Philadelphia

THEIR HISTORY FROM THE EARLIEST SETTLEMENTS TO THE PRESENT TIME

BY HENRY SAMUEL MORAIS

Author of "EMINENT ISRAELITES OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY," ETC., ETC.

This work describes the history of the Jews in America from their earliest arrival with Columbus, and their subsequent settlement in Pennsylvania and Philadelphia; their growth in the chief city of the Keystone State in every sphere of Congregational, Institutional and Communal activity. Every religious corporation and society existing among the Jews of Philadelphia is traced from its beginning up to the date of publication of this work. Many rare historic subjects are introduced. Biography is a special feature of the work.