Chapter XXII: Chronology and Origin of Bronze (4)

Obsidian instruments from Santorin, 184

Odyssey, description of hardening axe in, 14;
testimony of, as to axe-heads, 161

O’Gorman, Mr. T., quoted, 398

Oppert, M., referred to, 9

Orestes, bones of, 18

Origin of term celt, 27;
of term palstave, 71, 72;
continental, of British bronze forms, 108, 115, 143, 297, 379

Ormerod, Mr. G. W., F.G.S., collection, 82

Ornaments, 374 to 395, 481, 483 to 486;
bronze, rare in Britain, 395, 481, 487;
gold, 51, 304, 391, 393, 487;
for horse-trappings, 404;
silver, 2

Ornamentation on bronze, preserved by patina, 46;
cable pattern, 54, 60, 140;
chevron patterns, 90, 145, 160, 180, 320, 321, 330, 338;
by enamel, 135, 338;
fern-leaf pattern, 61, 102;
Greek fret, 145;
by inlaying of metals, 13, 296, 297;
by hatched lozenges, 53, 66, 218;
by punching, 67, 187, 319, 453;
by matted patterns, 53, 74;
resembling Roman numerals, 203;
rings, 296;
rings concentric, on shields, 347 to 353;
ring and pellet, 124 _et seqq._;
shield-shaped, 128;
on back of Swiss Lake knives, 203

Osteological observations, 278, 475

Overlapping of Stone and Bronze Periods, 1, 24

Owen, Prof., F.R.S., cited, 296

P

Paalstab, the term, 71, 72

Palafitta of Castione, 153

Palstaves, 70 to 106, 159, 169;
broken, with broken torques, 378;
castings for, 90, 448;
Danish, 95, 151, 163;
development of, from flat celts, 107, 472;
double-looped, 95 to 97, 104, 105;
edge renewed by hammering, 92, 454;
French, 81, 88, 91, 97, 160;
German, 80, 83, 91;
Icelandic, 71;
Irish, 81, 99 to 105, 160;
iron, 157, 159;
looped, 80, 98, 103;
moulds for, 431, 439, 440;
of two metals from Hallstatt, 95;
origin of term, 71;
roughening blade of, 77;
Scottish, 77 to 79, 99;
socketed celts evolved from, 108, 472;
Spanish, 90, 97, 161;
transitional forms between celts and, 76, 77, 95, 472;
with ridges on recesses for handle, 79;
with transverse edge, 85, 105, 159;
with socket formed by wings, 85;
worn by resharpening, 83, 87, 454

Paris Exhibition of 1878, 97, 448

Patina, preservation of ornament by, 46

Patrick, Mr. R. W. Cochran, F.S.A., 362

Patroclus, funeral games of, 15

Pausanias, quoted, 15, 18

Payne-Knight collection, 94

Pegge, Rev. Samuel, F.S.A., quoted, 33, 42, 226

Pelligot, Prof., analysis of Breton celts, 417

Pelta or buckler of Greeks and Macedonians, 354

Penguilly l’Haridon, M., quoted, 162

Pennant’s “Tour” quoted, 290

Pentateuch, mention of metals in, 5

Percy, Dr. J., F.R.S., quoted, 11, 40, 420, 424, 442

Perthes, Boucher de, collection, 335

Peru, bronze in, 4;
use of stone mallets in, 165

Peruvian mode of holding dagger, 246

Pest, Congress of Prehistoric Archæology at, 180

Petrie collection, 140

Phillips, Mr. J. A., F.G.S., 422, 426

Philology, testimony of, 9, 110

Philoxenus quoted, 168

Phœnician trade with Britain, 419, 475, 479

Pins, 365 to 373;
134, 135, 191, 282, 290, 322;
associated with swords, 290, 372;
bone, with Roman remains, 365;
curved, 368;
Danish, gold-plated, 372;
French, 370;
German, 371;
gold, for inlaying, 51, 228, 232;
Irish, 369, 371, 372;
Late Celtic, 368, 369;
looped, 368, 369;
Scottish, 372;
spiral, 370;
Swiss, 370;
twisted, 191, 366;
with amber inlaid, 368;
with annular heads, 367;
with flat heads, 290, 365, 371;
with perforated heads, 96

Pindar quoted, 17

Pipe of bone, 366

Pisander, axe of, 18

Pitt-Rivers, Gen. A., F.R.S., 37, 84, 205, 313, 328, 441, 475

Plates, conical, with central hole, 316;
convex, 351;
with rims, 402;
flat, 402;
gold, articles made of, 244;
gold, lozenge-shaped, 51, 232;
horse-shoe shaped, 405;
with lunate openings, 397

Pliny quoted, 18, 19, 194, 355

Plot, Dr., quoted, 31, 42, 133

Plutarch quoted, 19

Pollux, Julius, mentions currier’s chisel, 168

Polybius quoted, 275, 363

Pommels, of dagger hilts, 229;
to iron sword, 229;
object like, with links of chain, 296;
cast on core of clay, 290;
to Scottish swords, 290

Porsena, articles of peace tendered by, 18

Poseidon, trident of, 15

Poste, Mr. Beale, quoted, 308

Pottery, from barrows, 407;
of Bronze Age, 407, 487;
from Swiss Lake-dwellings, 13

Pownall, Governor, F.S.A., quoted, 293

Preservation of iron, 25

Prickers of bronze for extracting clay cores, 186.
_See_ Awls

Prigg, Mr. H., quoted, 187;
collection, 127

Proportion between size of tool and handle, 277

Proximity of objects no proof of identity of date, 25, 117, 273, 470

Psammetichus, brazen helmet of, 8

Punches, used in ornamenting, 67, 68, 187, 188, 453;
serrated, 319, 320

Punic War, Second, 19, 275

Pyramid, Great, iron wedge found in, 7

Pyrites, iron, 225, 243, 487;
copper, 419

Q

Queen Aah-Hotep, axe found in tomb of, 148

Queen’s Drive, Edinburgh, swords found at, 289

“Quincussis,” 283

R

Rabat, M., collection, 180, 368

Rameses III., tomb of, 7

Ramsauer, Herr, 157

Ramses, the name on Egyptian axe, 147

Rapier-shaped blades, 245 to 254, 328, 333;
broken, regarded as a steel, 250;
rare in hoards, 256;
with hilt of ox-horn, 252

Rattles, crotals, or bells, 361, 364

Ravalière, Lévesque de la, quoted, 20

Ravensworth, Lord, collection, 288, 335

Razors, 217 to 221, 480;
continental forms, 221;
crescent-shaped, 221;
from Lake-dwellings, 215;
Irish, 218, 318;
perforated, 218 to 221;
tanged, 217 to 219;
tanged, peculiar to Britain, 480

Read, Mr. C., 231

Reaping-hooks, of flint, 194 (_see_ Sickles);
Saturn’s, 17

Reaping-machine, Gaulish, 194

“Recipient” and “received,” the terms as applied to celts, 107

Religious rites, use of bronze in, 18

Repoussé work on Late Celtic bracelets, 388

Reproduction in bronze of stone forms, 40

Reverence, superstitious, for celts, 39

Rhœcus and Theodorus, the Samians, 15

Rhind, Mr. A. Henry, 274, 275

Richardson, Dr. Richard, quoted, 155

Rickman, Mr., quoted, 35

Rings, 388 to 391; 82, 135, 158, 290;
bone, 51, 232;
of caldron, 411;
concentric, on shields, 347 to 353;
connecting straps of harness, 399;
dentated, for maces, 271;
Egyptian, 391;
Etruscan, 400;
gold, 389, 390, 391;
hollow, with transverse perforations, 389, 398, 399;
interlinked, 405;
Irish, in pairs, 389;
on loop of celt, 118, 158;
penannular, 198, 390, 391;
and plates as ornaments for horse-trappings, 404;
and pellet ornament, 124 to 127;
spiral, 76, 390, 391;
stone mould for, 158;
twisted, 390

Ring-money, African, 387;
Irish, 391

Rivets, horn or wood, 227;
imitation of, 235, 257, 260, 344;
long, for barbed spear-heads, 338;
numerous, for trumpet, 362

Robinson, Mr. T. W. U., F.S.A., collection, 411, 412

Rod, with birds and rings, 406

Rolleston, Prof., F.R.S., quoted, 25, 277, 287, 380

Roman, coins, at Karn Bré, 32, 115;
commemorative of victories, 363;
priests, bronze knives of, 18;
pronunciation of _celtis_, 29;
remains, 116;
sword, long, 275

Roman numerals, ornaments resembling, 203

Rome, best steel imported to, from China, 19

Rosse, Earl of, collection, 361, 411;
his speculum metal, 416

Rossi, Prof. Stefano de, quoted, 37

Roughening of butt-end of celts, 67, 77, 160

Rowland quoted, 31, 32

Rubbing-stones for grinding and polishing, 361, 452

S

Sabine priests, bronze knives of, 18

Sabres, Japanese, 275

Sacken, Baron von, 157, 181, 246, 308

Sagartii, the, had bronze daggers, 17

Sagas, use of term Paalstab in, 72

Sanford, Mr. W. A., F.G.S., collection, 96, 377

Sanscrit term for iron, 10

“Sarcophagus with ashes” in cairn, 273

Savoy Lake-dwellings. _See_ Lake-dwellings

Saws, 183, 184;
flint flakes used as, 454

Saxon cemeteries, preservation of iron in, 25

Saxony, native copper in, 419

Scabbards and scabbard-ends, 301 to 309, 336;
French, 301;
localities where found, 481;
Scottish, 304

Scandinavia never occupied by the Romans, 276

Scarabæus of bronze, 155

Schliemann, Dr., quoted, 40, 166, 224, 297, 438

Schreiber, quoted, 43, 52, 104

Scott, Lady John, collection, 60

Scythians, the, did not use bronze, 17;
method of taking census among, 318

“Seare” or Sickle, 200

Segested cited, 52

Seidler, Mr. Charles, collection, 441

Severus, Britons of the time of, 355

Sharp, Mr. S., F.S.A., collection, 43

Sharpeners, 7;
broken bronze rapier regarded as, 250

Shaw, Mr. S., collection, 234

Sheaths, bronze, 301;
bronze, for iron sword, 302;
leather, 252, 289;
wooden, with interment, 301, 302

Shields, 343 to 356;
on British coins, 354;
Italian, 353;
Late Celtic, 363;
Scottish, 349;
with Early Iron swords, 354;
with interment, 352

Shiffner, Sir H., Bart., collection, 53

Shipp, Mr., 233

Sickle of Chronos, 15;
of Elissa and Medea, 18, 194;
of Saturn, 17

Sickles, 194 to 203, 480, 487;
English, 197;
Scottish, 199;
Irish, 200;
French, 201;
German, 202;
Italian, 202;
Scandinavian, 195;
Swiss, 195, 202;
method of hafting, 196;
flat, with knobs on blade, 197, 480;
socketed, 195, 198 _et seqq._, 480

Sidonius quoted, 162

Sigimer, his followers provided with missile hatchets, 162

Silver, apparently unknown in the Bronze Age, 487;
ornaments at Gungeria, 2

Simpson, Rev. Sparrow, D.D., collection, 147

Sinai, copper from peninsula of, 8

Sinclair quoted, 200

Sinope, steel of, 17

Sistrum-like instruments, 405

Slafter, Rev. E. F., quoted, 3

Smith, Dr. Aquilla, 67

Smith, Mr. C. Roach, F.S.A., quoted, 274;
collection, 249, 280, 325, 330, 351

Smith, Mr. Ecroyd, 168

Smith, Dr. John Alexander, 56, 199, 221

Soldering unknown in the Bronze Age, 425

Solly, Mr. S., F.S.A., 233

Sophocles quoted, 194

Spain, tin in, 419, 424

Spear-heads, 310 to 338;
absent from barrows, 342;
African, 340;
Arreton Down type, 257, 260;
barbed, 337, 338, 481;
castings for, 84;
Celtic, in the Alban Necropolis, 341;
Chinese, 330;
“eyed,” 333;
ferruled, 257;
flint, 100, 225;
Greek, 313, 340;
inlaid with gold, 313;
Irish, 311, 320;
iron, 342;
leaf-shaped, 248, 254, 312 to 321, 341, 481;
looped on blade, 248, 327 to 331;
looped on socket, 321 to 326;
moulds for, 435 to 438;
perforated, 288, 330 to 337;
retaining portion of shaft, 312, 313, 316, 327;
tanged, 257, 258;
types peculiar to Britain, 341;
where found, 481

Speculum-metal, 178, 416

Spindle-whorl, 383

Spirals, their absence in Britain, 287, 394;
on beads, 394, 485

Spiral rings, 76, 390, 391

Spoon-like articles, 406

Squier and Davis quoted, 3

Stag’s-horns, 284;
horn handle to brass instrument, 163;
handle to celts, 150;
instruments in barrow, 226;
instruments like netting-meshes in barrow, 190

Stair, Earl of, collection, 137

“Stake,” possible origin of this name for a small anvil, 181

Stature of men interred in Yorkshire barrows, 278

Steel of three kinds produced by the Chalybes, 17;
helmet of Hercules, 17;
known in Homer’s day, 14;
Japanese method of preparing, 275;
reaping-hook of Saturn, 17;
of Sinope, 17

Stevenson, Mr., collection, 440

Stiletto and bodkin, served a double purpose, 369

Stone, Mr., 391

Stone, Mr. Edward, 111

Stone anvils, 181;
mallets, 165

Stone, forms reproduced in bronze, 40;
and bronze associated, 41, 42, 51, 161, 165, 189, 190, 223, 224,
225, 226, 232, 236, 238, 243, 256, 366, 391, 405, 452, 453,
456, 480, 487

Strabo quoted, 17, 19, 486

Strobel, Prof., quoted, 108, 202

Stukeley quoted, 31, 87, 107, 189

Succession of iron to bronze, 4, 6, 16, 22, 23

Sullivan, Prof. W. K., 417, 420

Superposition of articles of different date, 26

Superstitious reverence for beads, 394;
for celts, 39

Survival of celts as amulets, 134;
of “flanches” as ornaments, 60, 107, 108, 110, 111, 131

Sweden, native copper in, 419

Swiss Lake-dwellings. _See_ Geographical Index.

Swords, 273 to 300;
British, 275, 278 to 287;
Celtiberian, 275;
Danish, 286, 296, 298, 309;
Egyptian, 298;
Finnish, 299;
French, 281, 287, 293, 297, 301;
Gaulish, 300;
German, 298, 299;
Greek, 297;
Hallstatt, 299;
Hungarian, 276;
Irish, 291, 293 to 296;
Italian, 274, 297;
from Mycenæ, 297;
Roman, 275;
Scandinavian, 274, 276, 287, 296, 298;
Scottish, 273, 289, 290, 291;
from site of Troy (presumed), 298;
Spanish, 275;
Swiss Lakes, 280, 287, 297

Swords, absent from interments, 273, 274, 277;
date of, 273, 274, 275, 276;
Early Iron, 274, 275, 276, 280, 287, 297, 299, 300, 343, 354;
found in a moss arranged in a circle, 288;
inlaid, 296, 297;
length of, 275;
methods of mending, 254, 293;
mode of grasping, 276;
on Italian bronze coin, 283;
types almost peculiar to Britain, 481;
with bronze sheaths, 301

Sword-hilts and hilt-plates added by casting, 287, 290;
Danish, 276;
Hungarian, 276;
ferrules on, 306;
gold on, 286, 296, 298;
of ivory inlaid with amber, 299;
longitudinal slots in, 278, &c.;
pommels to, of alabaster, 291;
pommels with curved horns, 288;
pommels of lead, 285;
with plates of bone, horn, or wood, 278, 286, 290, 293, 296;
spirals on, rare in Britain, 287

Sydenham, Mr., 237

T

Tacitus, quoted, 275, 354

Talbot de Malahide, Lord, collection, 104

Tamassus, mart for copper at, 14

Tasciovanus, coins of, 354, 363

Teeth of animals in barrows, 42, 189

Telamon, battle of, 275

Telchines, the, gold, silver, and copper discovered by, 15

Teutonic languages, name for copper in, 10

Thebes, paintings in sepulchres at, 7, 185

Theophrastus quoted, 15

Theseus, grave of, 18

Thoms, Mr., note on _Paalstabs_, 72.

Thomsen, Councillor, 72

Thorlacius quoted, 151

Thurnam, Dr., F.S.A., quoted, 44, 134, 188, 189, 191, 216, 222, 225,
230, 232, 236, 241, 242, 369, 393, 475, 485

Tin, bead of, 394;
coins of, 445;
early sources of, 418;
Egyptian, source unknown, 8;
exported from Britain, before Roman invasion, 419, 476;
found in Brittany, 419;
fragments of, 136, 315, 425;
in bronze, loss of, by fusion, 418;
in hoards of bronze, 425;
in ingots, 426;
Malacca, principal Eastern source of, 424;
mentioned by Homer, 12;
pure metallic, 425;
pure, used by early Greeks, 12;
Spain, principal Western source of, 424;
trade with Britain for, 424;
used for soldering, 363

Tinned, implements supposed to be, 55, 56, 57

Tischler, Dr. Otto, 24

Tongs, 185

Torquati, origin of their name, 374

Torques, 374 to 381; 76, 96, 198;
beaded, 381;
Danish, 379;
on denarii of the Manlia Gens, 374;
derivation of name, 374;
funicular, 375 to 377;
gold, 90, 180, 209, 375, 376;
gold, Gaulish, 374;
gold, Irish, with ball at each end, 379;
Late Celtic, 381;
ribbon, 90, 379;
rings on, 390, 391

Towneley, Mr. Charles, 48

Tree-burial. _See_ Interment.

Tresca, M., 416

Trevelyan, Sir Charles, collection, 89, 333;
Sir Walter, 386

“Tribulum,” the, 202

Trojans, “bronze-speared,” 16

Troy, swords rare on the presumed site of, 298

Troyon, M., collection, 131

Trumpets, 357 to 364;
African, of elephants’ tusks, 359;
broken and repaired by burning, 360;
English, 363;
found at Dowris, 361;
from Fiji, of conch shells, 359;
Gaulish, 363;
Irish, 357, 361;
Late Celtic, 362;
metal of, 360, 363;
Scottish, 363;
with lateral opening, 358

“Tuagh-catha,” Irish war-axe, 263

Tubal-Cain, 5

Tubes, 265;
looped, 397

Tucker, Mr., F.S.A., 254

Tuscan cities, bronze ploughshare used in founding, 18

“Tutuli,” 402

Tweezers, 191, 192;
ivory, 241

U

Umbrian coins with the type of a sword, 283

Unfinished castings, 84, 90, 115, 175, 328

Uralian province of bronze antiquities, 477

Urn-burials, 42, 190, 191, 217, 226, 234, 384, 391;
at Hallstatt, 412

Urns, cinerary, 474;
cinerary, said to contain sword, 273;
of coarse earthenware, 87;
found at Chiusi, 156;
inverted, 234

Urus, remains of, at Barton Mere, 486

Utilization of broken instruments, 180, 361, 454

V

Vallancey quoted, 138, 176, 200, 201, 234, 263, 361, 399;
as to Irish moulds, 439

Variations in implements cast in the same mould, 111, 442, 444

Various centres of bronze-founding in Britain 143, 477

Vases of Etruscan origin, 413, 481

Vauquelin’s analysis of Egyptian dagger, 420

Verica, gold coins of, 354, 399

Vessels, amber, 407;
bronze, 361;
bronze, conical, 413;
bronze, ornamented, 413;
bronze, with iron handle, 409;
gold, 408;
sandstone, 409;
shale, 407

Virgil quoted, 12, 13, 16, 194

Von Bibra, referred to, 422

Von Estorff quoted, 315

Von Sacken quoted, 157, 181, 246, 308

Votive celts or hatchets, 69, 135, 417;
hoards, 457

Vulgate, different readings of, 28

W

Wakeman, Mr., collection, 303

Wakeman, Mr., quoted, 252

Wallace, Mr. J. R., collection, 43, 120

Warburton, Mr., 447

Ware, Mr. Samuel, F.S.A., quoted, 48

Warne, Mr. C, F.S.A., quoted, 234, 238, 243

Watson, Mr. C. Knight, Sec. S.A., quoted, 27

Way, Mr. Albert, F.S.A., quoted, 37, 50, 51, 166

“Welding,” the term, 293

Westendorp quoted, 152

Westwood, Prof., quoted, 81

Whetstones in hoards, 113, 397, 452;
with interments, 51, 225, 226, 242, 366;
in urns, 163, 217;
use of, 453

Whincopp, Mr., collection, 260

Whitaker, Dr., collection, 48;
quoted, 47

Whitaker, Mr. W., F.G.S., 248

Wibel, Dr., 419

Wickham, Mr. Humphrey, collection, 214, 230

Wilde, Sir W. R., 37, 39, 40, 61, 65, 67, 101, 155, 170, 184, 252,
264, 293, 306, 311, 357, 360, 361, 364, 372, 389, 399, 410

Wilkinson, Sir Gardner, quoted, 5, 6, 185

Wilshe collection, 208

Wilson, Prof. Daniel, quoted, 58, 72, 99, 136, 137, 169, 176, 207,
209, 214, 272, 273, 337, 348, 354, 425, 432

Wilson, Rev. George, 167.

Wood preserved by salt, 152;
preserved by salts of copper, 160;
preserved by salts of iron, 157

Wooden hafts for celts, 144, 149, 150, 151, 155, 157;
handle of sickle, of yew, 195;
handle of knife, of yew, 207;
shafts for spears, of ash, 312, 313;
shafts for spears, of beech, 339;
shafts for spears, of bog-oak, 313;
sheath for dagger, 308;
sheath for dagger, apparently of willow, 233

Woodward Collection, 167

Worm, Dr. Olaf, quoted, 30

Worsaae, Councillor, quoted, 72, 163, 276, 298, 457, 478, 482

Wright, T., F.S.A., quoted, 9, 20, 37, 274, 400

Y

Yates, Mr. James, F.R.S., quoted, 36, 168

Young, Mr. A. Knight, collection, 296

INDEX,

GEOGRAPHICAL AND TOPOGRAPHICAL.

_See also “Hoards” and “Museums” in General Index_.

ENGLAND.

BEDFORDSHIRE.

Toddington, 321

Wymington, 113, 466

BERKSHIRE.

Ashdown, 322

Blewbury, 225

Cottle, 215

Fyfield, 322

Hagbourn Hill, 144, 322, 368, 466, 470, 471

Isis, near Little Wittenham, 343

Kennet and Avon Canal, 247

Newbury, 77, 81, 259, 308

Rowcroft, Yattendon, 242

Speen, 330, 333, 337

Sunningwell, 80

Sutton Courtney, 223

Thames, near Bray, 199

” near Maidenhead, 245

Thatcham, 247

Theale, 247

Wallingford, 87, 128, 167, 206, 219, 321, 457, 466

Wantage, 79

Windsor, 84, 113, 199, 281, 314, 340

Yattendon, 169, 403, 466

BUCKINGHAMSHIRE.

Buckinghamshire, 81

Hawridge, 279

Lodge Hill, Waddesdon, 111

Thames, near Datchet, 330, 333

Winslow, 380

CAMBRIDGESHIRE.

Aldreth, 279

Barrington, 78, 118, 128, 466

Bottisham, 79, 83, 88, 112, 314

” Lode, 92, 123, 175, 328

Burwell Fen, 74, 79, 82, 83, 113, 248, 258, 336, 378, 467

Cambridge, 94, 127, 179, 244, 281, 323, 371

Chatteris, 250

Coveney, Isle of Ely, 129, 248

” Fen, 328, 346

Downham Fen, 199

Duxford, 43

Ely, 91, 254

” Fens at, 53, 78, 121, 282, 286, 322

Fens, 43, 83, 90, 91, 93, 116, 122, 129, 245, 248, 317, 330

Fen Ditton, 123

Fordham, 254

Fulbourn, 279, 282, 320, 340, 464

Harston, 79

Isleham Fen, 327

Malton, 397

Manea, 270

March, 52

Matlow Hill, 366

Melbourn, 174, 389, 397, 466

Meldreth, 172, 201, 411, 424, 466

Mildenhall Fen, 78, 133

Newton, 111, 422

Quy Fen, 79, 316

Reach Fen, 79, 112, 118, 122, 133, 167, 174, 187, 205, 210, 211, 213,
216, 229, 283, 305, 314, 315, 317, 319, 396, 400, 467

Shippey, Ely, 79

Soham Fen, 245

Stretham Fen, 199

Swaffham Fen, 78, 259

Waterbeach, 245, 248, 250

Whittlesea, 131, 175, 179, 466

Wicken Fen, 76, 199, 205, 287, 464

Wisbech, 131

CHESHIRE.

Broxton, 91, 169, 331, 464

Grappenhall, 43

Wilmslow, 228, 238

CORNWALL.

Cornwall, 96, 116, 119, 135, 385, 419, 425, 426

Angrowse Mullion, 243

Camelford, 438

Falmouth, 426

Fowey River, 369

Harlyn, 42

Karn Bré, 32, 115, 119

Kenidjack Cliff, 95, 119, 423, 451, 467

Lanant, 206, 285, 340, 423, 451, 467

Launceston, 119

Mawgan, 116, 184, 250, 465

Penvores, 95

Penzance, 81

Redmore, 400

Rillaton, 407

St. Austell, 95

St. Hilary, 285, 423, 467

St. Michael’s Mount, 31

CUMBERLAND.

Cumberland, 322

Aspatria, 86

Camp Graves, Bewcastle, 314

Irthington, 85

Keswick, 93

Longtown, 73

Naworth Castle, 334

Wigton, 73

DERBYSHIRE.

Derbyshire, 175

Bakewell, 316

Biggen Grange, 168

Blakelow, 42

Borther Low, 42

Brassington Moor, 88, 228

Brier Low, 226

Brough, 122

Carder Low, 225, 226

Dow Low, 237

Duffield, 325

End Low, 225

Haddon Field, 190

High Low, 453

Lark’s Low, 190

Matlock, 42, 259

Middleton, 226

Minning Low, 190, 225

Moot Low, 44, 224

Narrowdale Hill, 228

Parcelly Hay, 225

Parwich Moor, 42

Peak Forest, 122

Shuttlestone, 42, 150

Stakor Hill, 392

Standlow, 231

Thor’s Cave, Walton, 385

Throwley, 190

Waggon Low, 190

Wardlow, 314

DEVONSHIRE.

Devonshire, 95

Bloody Pool, 338, 339, 465

Broad Down, Farway, 134

Chagford, 82

Drewsteignton, 86

Hammeldon Down, 228

Hennock, 250

Honiton, 113

Kent’s Cavern, 206

Knighton, 434

Lovehayne, 81

Plymstock, 50, 165, 241, 259, 464

Sidmouth, 47

Talaton, 250

Teigngrace, 316

Torrington, 244

Upton Pyne, 224

Winkleigh, 250

Worth, 254, 313, 402, 464

DORSETSHIRE.

Dorsetshire, 52, 206, 226, 233, 238, 377, 381, 393

Badbury, 250

Bere Regis, 242

Bincombe Down, 226

Blandford, 127, 175

Came, 242

Cranbourne, 282

Gussage St. Michael, 279

King Barrow, Wareham, 114

Maiden Castle, 237

Milton, 380, 432

Portland, Isle of, 115, 121, 285, 318, 333

Preston Down, 46

Purbeck, 94

Roke Down, 233

Spetisbury, 378

Wareham, 115

Weymouth, 279, 313, 419, 464

Winfrith, 81

Woodlands, 279

DURHAM.

Broomyholme, 351

Chester-le-Street, 116

Heathery Burn Cave, 110, 118, 166, 172, 175, 185, 206, 211, 219, 285,
314, 365, 372, 381, 386, 388, 391, 401, 402, 412, 424, 447, 451,
468

Medomsley, 285, 389

Stanhope, 118, 129, 174, 179, 315, 403, 466

Wolsingham, 76

ESSEX.

Essex, 403

Baddow Hall Common, 43

Barking Marshes, 110

Chelmsford, 90

Chrishall, 117, 283, 467

Fifield, 424

Gray’s Thurrock, 144

High Roding, 109, 116, 424, 468

Lea, at Stratford-le-Bow, 258

” River, 280

Mardyke, 254

Panfield, 468

Plaistow Marshes, 338

Romford, 86, 172, 424, 467

Stifford, 282

Thames, near Barking Creek, 284

Thames, near Erith, 122

Walthamstow, 317, 411

GLOUCESTERSHIRE.

Ablington, 241

Cirencester, 241

Kilcot Wood, Newent, 48

Meon Hill, 133

Nether Swell, 217

Severn, near Wainlodes Hill, 80

South Cerney, 81

Stanton, 73

Stroud, 272

Whittington, 45

HAMPSHIRE.

Arreton Down, Isle of Wight, 49, 243, 244, 257, 259, 260, 278, 464,
473

Ashey Down, 226

Bere Hill, 234

Blackmoor, 404

Fovant, 393

Hinton, 424

Liss, 54, 383

New Forest, 115

Woolmer Forest, 378, 383, 390, 464

HEREFORDSHIRE.

Aston Ingham, 250

Broadward, 168, 285, 319, 320, 336, 338, 340, 397, 465

Bucknell, 74

Oldbury Hill, 90

Ross, 91

St. Margaret’s Park, Hereford, 340

Weston, 78

HERTFORDSHIRE.

Hertfordshire, 314

Cumberlow, 94, 110, 134, 424, 467

Danesbury, 423, 468

Lea River, St. Margaret’s, 315

Royston, 424

Westwick Row, 112, 424, 468

Wigginton, 213

HUNTINGDONSHIRE.

Hammerton, 90

Horsey, 330

Taxley Fen, 43

KENT.

Kent, 129, 426

Allhallows, Hoo, 214, 230, 467

Ashford, 81, 82

Blean, 88

Buckland, 88

Canterbury, 114, 168

Chartham, 322

Chatham Dockyard, 74

” Hill, 83

Dover, 52

Harty, Isle of, 110, 111, 174, 177, 181, 186, 211, 214, 308, 403, 441,
442, 453, 457, 468

Haynes Hill, 297, 305, 320, 403, 467

Hundred of Hoo, 95, 466

Marden, 198, 208, 211, 308, 366, 381, 388, 450, 451, 467

Medway, Chatham Reach, 281

Medway, Upper Reach, 280

Minster, 129

Sittingbourne, 113, 174, 424, 467

Thames at Greenwich, 284

Thames off Woolwich, 351

Wateringbury, 109

Wye Down, 52

LANCASHIRE.

Lancashire, 87

Acker’s Common, 86

Cuerdale, 118, 314

Gleaston Castle, 43

Kirkland Cave, 168

Lancaster Moor, 224

Mow Road, Rochdale, 381

Read, 47

Risdon, 46

Winmarleigh, 118, 314, 335, 466

Winwick, 82, 124, 158, 224

LEICESTERSHIRE.

Beacon Hill, 43, 174, 321, 466

Leicester, 231

LINCOLNSHIRE.

Lincolnshire, 284, 390

Alnwick, Sleaford, 445

Billinghay, 282

Boston, 34, 89

Broughton, 216

Burringham Common, 352

Elsham, 80

Fleet and Gedney, Sea-dike between, 285

Flixborough, 465

Haxey, 89, 129, 465

Horncastle, 54

Langton, 323

Lincoln, 325

Nettleham, 86, 92, 131, 314, 330, 339, 465

Newport, 177

North Owersby, 85

Scothorn, 175

Sleaford River, 86

South Kyme, 248

Washingborough, 279, 447

West Halton, 113, 118, 120, 424, 467

Witham River, 287, 341, 363

MIDDLESEX.

Edmonton Marsh, 205, 330

Hampton Court, 328

Hounslow, 110, 128, 175, 210, 406, 451, 466

Kensington, 158, 174, 401, 424, 450, 467

London, 95, 214, 272, 356

Pentonville, 328

Teddington, 243

Thames, at Chelsea, 303

” between Hampton and Walton, 352

” near Isleworth, 52, 302

” at or near London, 84, 86, 125, 126, 158, 168, 198, 205, 211,
224, 247, 249, 280, 287, 303, 307, 312, 314, 322, 325, 333, 339,
345, 351, 400

” at Teddington, 303

” near Waterloo Bridge, 356

MONMOUTHSHIRE.

Castle Hill, Usk, 114

NORFOLK.

Norfolk, 52, 167

Attleborough, 77

Carlton Rode, 78, 94, 113, 119, 121, 122, 133, 167, 171, 173, 175,
178, 424, 467

Caston, 121

Dereham, 199

Eaton, 447, 468

Frettenham, 120

” Common, 131

Hanworth, 114

Helsdon Hall, 424, 467

Ingham, 319

Little Cressingham, 244

Methwold, 249

Ouse River, near Thetford, 250

Reepham, 466

Rougham, 73

Snettisham, 79

Stibbard, 84, 328, 457, 464

Stoke Ferry, 270, 282, 305, 314, 465

Sutton, St. Michael’s, 352

NORTHAMPTONSHIRE.

Northamptonshire, 90

Aston-le-Walls, 89

Aynhoe, 73

Brixworth, 285

NORTHUMBERLAND.

Northumberland, 46, 158

Alnwick, 43, 113, 285, 321, 391, 465

Blakehope, 335

Branton, 285

Cambo, 429

Cheswick, 241

Chollerford Bridge, 74

Corbridge, 248, 333, 351

Elford, 327

Ewart Park, 285

Ford, 244

Harwood, 352

Inghoe, 351

Linden, 76

Newbiggin, 43

Newcastle-on-Tyne, 351

Newham, 120

North Charlton, 237

” Tyne, 78

Rothbury, 389

Tosson, 285

Tyne, near Newcastle, 281

Wallington, 89, 333, 382, 465

Wallsend, 43

Whittingham, 280, 288, 314, 335, 464

NOTTINGHAM.

Colwick, 77

Gotam, 190

Gringley, 321

Newark, 118, 316, 402, 466

Nottingham, 93, 118, 211, 317, 322, 339, 465

OXFORDSHIRE.

Oxfordshire, 95

Burgesses’ Meadow, Oxford, 81, 169, 179, 467

Cherwell River, 287

Culham, 75, 320

Dorchester, 75, 76, 78, 83, 86, 93, 109, 112

Dyke Hills, 343

Freeland, 79

Isis, near Dorchester, 303

Isis, near Eynsham Bridge, 345

Sandford, 248, 284

Stanlake, 391

Stanton Harcourt, 88

Yarnton, 380

SHROPSHIRE.

Shropshire, 270

Bagley, 352

Battlefield, 43, 86, 405, 464

Broadward (_see_ Herefordshire)

Ebnall, 167, 174, 187, 466

Little Wenlock, 113, 234, 314, 336, 452, 465

Porkington, 168, 174, 466

Severn, near Buildwas, 282

Wrekin Tenement, 285, 338, 465

SOMERSETSHIRE.

Bath, 89, 114, 116

Camerton, 243, 369

Cheddar Valley, 96

Chilton Bustle, 368

Edington Burtle, 197, 249, 320, 325, 330, 377, 385, 391, 464

Hamden Hill, 389

Midsummer Norton, 279

Pen Pits, 377

Polden Hill, 353

Priddy, 217, 226

Quantock Hills, 77, 377, 447, 464

Sedgemoor, 119

Sherford, 90, 330, 464

Sparkford Hill, 167, 197

South Petherton, 96

Taunton, 116, 178, 198, 218, 367, 389, 466

Tiverton, 284

Wadsford, 328

Wedmore, 376, 378, 466

West Buckland, 96, 377, 386, 464

” Cranmore, 242

Wick Park, Stogursey, 120, 304, 423, 450, 467

Winterhay Green, 90, 384

Wraxall, 381

STAFFORDSHIRE.

Staffordshire, 31

Alton Castle, 282

Brewood, 86

Bushbury, 86

Castern, near Wetton, 385

Ilam Moor, 190

” St. Bertram’s Well, 42

Lady Low, 216, 224

Lett Low, 225, 226

Morridge, 86

Musdin, 240

Pattingham, 375

Shenstone, 285, 465

Stretton, 87

Thorncliff, 225

Wetton, 383,409

Yarlet, 321

SUFFOLK.

Suffolk, 48

Barrow, 54, 279

Barton Mere, 486

Boyton, 375, 391

Broomswell, Woodbridge, 90

Exning, 174, 394, 466

Fornham, 122

Hintlesham, 260

Honington, 91

Ipswich, 411

Lakenheath, 80, 125, 320, 322

” Fen, 330

Lark River, Icklingham, 282

Lidgate, 271

Martlesham, 113, 119, 120, 129, 174, 206, 424, 467

Mildenhall, 46, 78, 127, 306

Postlingford Hall, 48, 464

Sutton, 84, 87

Thetford, 122, 321

Thorndon, 174, 177, 189, 205, 319, 466

Ubbeston, 93

Undley, 175

Wetheringsett, 274, 282

Woolpit, 281, 328

SURREY.

Battersea, 245

Beddington, 110, 174, 320, 340, 423, 447, 468

Cæsar’s Camp, Farnham, 113, 250

Canada Wharf, Rotherhithe, 86

Ditton, 128, 245, 316, 319, 328

Farley Heath, 69, 169, 322

Guildford, 120

Kingston, 124, 126, 321

” Hill, 82, 423, 467

Thames at Battersea, 175, 278, 279, 281, 321, 327, 411

” Kingston, 84, 86, 125, 211, 248, 250, 254, 284, 338

” Lambeth, 330

” Richmond, 246

” Runnymede, 328

” Vauxhall, 248, 279

” Wandsworth, 130

” mouth of Wandle, 282, 316, 368

Wandle River, 81, 465

Wickham Park, Croydon, 95, 340, 423, 448, 468

SUSSEX.

Alfriston, 114

Battle, 280, 363

Beachy Head, 94, 283, 423, 467

Billingshurst, 81

Bognor, 80, 81

Bracklesham, 244

Brighton, 80, 115

Chichester, 81

Clayton Hill, 80

Eastbourne, 316

Firle, 369

Ham Cross, 385

Hangleton Down, 87, 322

Highdown Camp, 205

Hollingbury Hill, 76, 115, 378, 386, 390, 464

Hove, 243, 453, 486

Ilford, 81

Lewes, 53, 316, 369

Lewes and Brighton, between, 368

Plumpton Plain, 52, 110

Pulborough, 87, 119

Pyecombe, 318, 386

Storrington, 190

Waldron, 91

Westburton, 84

Wilmington, 87, 447, 468

Wolsonbury Hill, 84, 401

Worthing, 87, 423, 467

WARWICKSHIRE.

New Bilton, 245

Rugby, 179

Wolvey, 75, 86

WESTMORELAND.

Ambleside, 285, 465

Brough, 53

Crosby Garrett, 387

Harbyrnrigge, 270

Helsington Peat Moss, 246

WILTSHIRE.

Wiltshire, 110, 219, 440

Ablington, 242

Abury, 366

Aldbourn, 241

Amesbury, 233, 377, 390

Avebury, 400

Barrows, 51, 190, 191, 227, 230, 241, 242, 260, 322, 394

Beckhampton, 190, 322

Brigmilston, 226, 230, 336

Bulford, 190, 366

” Water, 143, 432

Bush Barrow, 44, 51, 232, 352

Cann, 118, 134, 470

Downton, 89, 91, 120

East Harnham, 83

” Kennett, 226

Everley, 147, 163, 242, 366

Fisherton, 248

Fovant, 242, 393

Golden Barrow, 189, 224

Great Bedwin, 272

Homington, 237

Idmiston, 237

Jack’s Castle, Stourton, 226

King Barrow, 190, 241

Lake, 166, 189, 242, 366, 385, 393

Mere Down, 223

Normanton, 366, 385

Overton Hill, 51, 134

Ramsbury, 87

Robin Hood’s Ball, 216

Rockbourn Down, 118

Roundway, 223, 242

Salisbury Plain, 369

Scratchbury, 369

Stonehenge, 47

” Barrow near, 189, 191, 226

Stourhead, 229

Sutton Verney, 394

Tun Hill, 114

Upton Lovel, 189, 366

Wilsford, 51, 226, 322, 366, 405

Winterbourn Stoke, 229, 241, 394

Winterslow, 216, 223

Woodyates Barrow, 236

Yatesbury, 226

WORCESTERSHIRE.

Astley, 81

Bevere Island, 42

Broadway Tower, 280

Castle Hill, 120

Holt, 129, 368

Ombersley, 88

Perdeswell, 381

Severn at Kempsey, 330

” near Worcester, 337

Stoke Prior, 384

YORKSHIRE.

Yorkshire, 44, 118, 129, 132, 189, 211, 226, 318, 422, 447, 471

Arras, or Hessleskew, 23, 134, 387

Bilton, 113, 129, 282, 314, 320, 465

Bishop Wilton, 227, 228

Bolton Percy, 88

Bramham Moor, 31

Bridlington, 400

Brigmilston, 230

Brompton, 76

Broughton in Craven, 217

Butterwick, 41, 151, 189, 224

Cawthorn, 227

Cayton Carr, 125

Cleveland, 447, 468

Cowlam, 387, 391, 400

Cundall Manor, 86

Driffield, 223

Earsley Common, 113, 134, 424, 468

Ebberston, 280, 285, 307

Embsay, 381

Fimber, 190

Frodingham, 113

Garton, 228, 230

Gembling, 127

Givendale, 127

Goodmanham, 392

Gristhorpe, 228

Helperthorpe, 227

Hotham Carr, 84, 92, 440, 468

Hull, 118

Humber River, 338

Keldholm, 452

Knapton, 43

Langton Wold, 189

Leeds, 242

Lowthorpe, 327

Middleham, 335

Middleton, 118

Morley, 328

Pickering, 227, 228

Raisthorp, 43

Ravenshill Barrow, 190

Reeth, 76

Roseberry Topping, 129, 172, 174, 178, 397, 424, 468

Rudstone, 224, 225

Scale House, Barrow near, 474

Seamer Carr, 124, 213

Sherburn Carr, 43

” Wold, 223

Stanwick, 314, 328

Tadcaster, 118, 158

Thixendale, 168

Three Tremblers, 240

Ulleskelf, 93, 132

Westow, 85, 118, 130, 168, 172, 174, 388, 450, 467

Wolds, 391, 473

Wykeham Moor, 366

CHANNEL ISLANDS, &c

ALDERNEY.

Alderney, 201

La Pierre du Villain, 214, 279, 397

Longy Common, 321, 467

GUERNSEY.

“La Roche qui sonne,” 385

ISLE OF MAN.

Broust in Andreas, 120

Castleton, 43

East Surby, 44

Kirk-bride, 120

Kirk-patrick, 120

Peel, 326

SCILLY ISLES.

Peninnis Head, 383

WALES.

North Wales, 78, 144

ANGLESEA.

Anglesea, 79, 391, 423

Bodwrdin and Tre Ddafydd, between, 438

Holyhead Mountain, 206

Llangwyllog, 81, 192, 219, 387, 389, 399, 400, 466

Llanidan, 82, 89

Llanvair Station, 86

Menai Bridge, 54, 86

Ty-Mawr, Holyhead, 129, 168, 315, 381, 389, 466

BRECKNOCKSHIRE.

Brecknockshire, 274

Hay, 77, 329

Keven Hirr Vynidd, 114

CAERMARTHEN.

Kidwelly, 95

CAERNARVON.

Bryn Crûg, 96, 223, 367

Danesfield, 90, 440

Glangwnny, 87

Moel Siabod, 351

Nantlle, 438

CARDIGANSHIRE.

Aberystwith, 351

Glancych or Pant-y-Maen, 285, 304, 315, 340, 389, 464

Pendinas Hill, 79

DENBIGHSHIRE.

Abergele, 144, 308, 404, 405, 471

Llandysilio, 93, 119, 206, 465

Rhosnesney, 55, 90, 226, 464

GLAMORGANSHIRE.

Glamorganshire, 282, 375

Corbridge, 86

Great Wood, St. Fagan’s, 119

Mynydd-y Glas, 119

New Forest, 205

Ogmore Down, 356

Pendoylan, 338

Pont Caradog, 43

Swansea, 43

MERIONETHSHIRE.

Merionethshire, 144

Barmouth, 285

Cader Idris, 375

Castell-y-Bere, 401

Cynwyd, 79

Dolgellau, 285

Harlech, 248, 345

Maentwrog, 248, 328, 465

Monach-ty-Gwyn, 77

Tomen-y-Mur, 226

Vronheulog, 93, 321

MONTGOMERYSHIRE.

Caersws, 81

Guilsfield, 87, 114, 174, 285, 302, 315, 336, 339, 424, 467

Llandrinio, 81

Llanfyllin, 78

Llanrhaiadar-yn-Mochnant, 380

Llan-y-Mynech Hill, 318

Trefeglwys, 322

RADNORSHIRE.

“Castle Tump, The,” Newchurch, 247

Llansanffraid, Cwm Deuddwr, 270

St. Harmon, 81

Woodhouse Farm, Knighton, 90

SCOTLAND.

Scotland, 97, 126, 166, 170, 238, 252, 289, 290, 291, 308, 424, 471

ABERDEEN.

Aberdeen, 289

Aboyne, 388

Alford, 430

Belhelvie, 378

Burreldale Moss, 97

Edengerach, 200

Forest of Birse, 136

Kintore, 57, 430

Lumphanan, 380

Memsie, 273

Methlick, 289

Redhill Premnay, 382

Strathdon, 388

Tarland, 57

Tarves, 290, 372, 465

Tullynessle, Lord Arthur’s Cairn, 97

Ythsie, 304

ARGYLESHIRE.

Argyleshire, 289

Barcaldine, 97

Callachally, Isle of Mull, 239

Campbelton, 207, 260, 437

Cleigh, 239

Irvine, 289

Kilmartin, 430

North Knapdale, 135

Southend, Cantire, 136

Strachur, 170

AYRSHIRE.

Ayrshire, 289

Caprington, 362

Coilsfield, 362

Kilkerran, 410

Lugtonridge, Beith, 348

Trochrig, 430

BANFF.

Alvah, 388

Colleonard, 56, 58

Conage, 382

Hill of Fortrie of Balnoon, 56

Longman, 59

BERWICKSHIRE.

Cockburnspath, 410

Corsbie Moss, 290, 464

Greenlees, 60

Windshiel, 98

BUTE.

Kingarth, 270

CAITHNESS.

Bowermadden, 372

Forse, 289

Kettleburn, Pict’s House near, 192

DUMBARTON.

Dumbarton, 391.

Old Kirk-patrick, 324

DUMFRIES.

Applegarth, 60

Birrenswark, 97

Drumlanrig, 55

Fairholm, 247, 322

Lochar Moss, 381

EAST LOTHIAN.

Preston Tower, 382

EDINBURGH.

Edinburgh, 289

Cobbinshaw, 56

Duddingston Loch, 289, 315, 335, 409, 424, 465

Edinburgh, 190, 289, 372, 401

” Arthur’s Seat, 136, 289

” Bell’s Mills, 135, 136

” Leith Citadel, 136

Gogar Burn, 304

Kinleith, 221

Lawhead, Farm of, 57

Ravelston, 56

ELGIN.

Sluie, 270

Urquhart, 378

FIFESHIRE.

Fifeshire, 289

Auchtermuchty, 247

Collessie, 239

Dams, 61

Dunino, 57

Falkland, 59, 269

Kilrie, 244

Pettycur, 99

St. Andrew’s, 218

FORFARSHIRE.

Forfarshire, 289

Brechin, 290, 465

Cauldhame, 304

Dean Water, 326

Denhead, 337

Forfar, 320

Leuchland, 289

Linlathen, 239

Loch of Forfar, 136

HADDINGTONSHIRE.

Bowerhouses, Dunbar, 220, 465

Corsbie Moss, 290

INVERNESS-SHIRE.

Ardgour House, 56

Benibhreæ, Hill of, 406

Craigton, 322

Kilmailie, 430

Skye, Isle of, 100, 209, 290

” Point of Sleat, 289, 315, 372, 465

South Uist, Iochdar, 289

KINCARDINE.

Kincardine, 289

KIRCUDBRIGHTSHIRE.

Balmaclellan, 315

Carlinwark Loch, 410

Crossmichael, 239

Kilnotrie, 98

Plunton Castle, 388

LANARKSHIRE.

Lanarkshire, 271, 289

Aikbrae, 99

Biggar, 55

Kerswell, 97

Carmichael, 273

Crawford, 330

Culter, 55, 226, 378

Douglas, 326

Hangingshaw, 136

Lanark, 315, 384

Tintot-top, Clydesdale, 98

MIDLOTHIAN.

Ratho, 57

Vogrie, 57

MORAYSHIRE.

Achtertyre, 136, 315, 382, 425, 468

Orton, 393

Rosele, 332

Sluie, 56, 58

NAIRN.

Nairn, 58

PEEBLES-SHIRE.

Peeblesshire, 59

Peebles, 97, 289

Stobo Castle, 384

PERTHSHIRE.

Abernethy, 56

Ardoch, 247

Blair Drummond, 248

Drumlanrick, 239

Kilgraston, 207

Kincardine, 289

Muthill, 388

Perth, 60

Pitcaithly, 246

Rannoch, 379

Tay River, 175

” near Errol, 199

ROSS-SHIRE.

Eddertoun, 394

Highfield, 336

Little Lochbroom, 379

Rosskeen, 137, 432

Wester Ord, 209

ROXBURGHSHIRE.

Roxburghshire, 336

Eildon, 57

Hawick, 331

Yetholm, 349

STIRLINGSHIRE.

Stirlingshire, 289, 336

Ballagan, 273

Bannockburn, 314

Graham’s Dyke, 289

Moss of Kincardine, 410

Stirling, 289

SUTHERLAND.

Balblair, 218

Inchnadamff, 57

Ledbeg, 200

Lieraboll, 218

Rogart, 218

WIGTONSHIRE.

Wigtonshire, 289, 331, 432

Balcarry, 98

Glen Kenns, 322

Glenluce, 167, 192, 224

Inch, 56

Kilfillan, 98

Leswalt, 56, 137

Moss of Cree, 56

Portpatrick, 135

Stranraer, 135, 270

IRELAND.

Ireland, 34, 39, 63, 90, 98 to 105, 128, 138, 140, 142, 170, 176, 179,
192, 205, 208, 212, 234, 247, 250, 254, 263, 291, 293, 296, 303,
314, 317, 318, 322, 324, 326, 328, 330, 331, 333, 336, 340, 368,
371, 387, 389, 393, 398, 405, 406, 410, 430, 432, 440, 471, 476

North of Ireland, 105, 207, 316, 318, 323, 329, 371, 435

ANTRIM.

Antrim, 100, 139, 239, 333, 339

Armoy, 68, 99, 100, 435

Ballycastle, 213

Ballyclare, 212

Ballymena, 105, 325, 428

Ballymoney, 142, 387, 389, 406, 433

Ballyscullion, 411

Bann River, 431

Belaghey, 170

Belfast, 139, 141

Broughshane, 433

Capecastle Bog, Armoy, 412

Carrickfergus, 67, 358, 430

Clough, 328, 402

Connor, 63

Craighilly, 139

Craigs, 212

Glenarm, 256

Killyless, 219

Kilraughts, 361

Knockans, 331

Lisburn, 142, 440

Newtown Crommolin, 141

Toome Bar, Lough Neagh, 352

Tullygowan, Gracehill, 67

ARMAGH.

Armagh, 254, 362

Lurgan, 332

Mullylagan, 296

CAVAN.

Cavan, 266, 387

Cornaconway, 361

Diamond Hill, Killeshandra, 361

Killeshandra, 251

Lough Ramer, 436

Thornhill, Killina, 282

CLARE.

Clare, 389

Inis Kaltra, Lough Derg, 401

CORK.

Ballincollig, 104

Ballybawn, 61

Cork, 140, 359

” and Mallow, between, 358

Crookstown, 361

Dunmanway, 358, 361

Inchigeela, 249

Kanturk, 171

DERRY (see Londonderry).

DONEGAL.

Letterkenny, 263

Raphoe, 256

DOWN.

Down, 139

Lurgan and Moira, between, 208

DUBLIN.

Dublin, 315, 317

Balbriggan, 142

Clontarf, 65

Dublin, 101, 315

Miltown, 103

FERMANAGH.

Ballinamallard, 61, 100

Belleek, 234

Bo Island, 180, 292, 466

Enniskillen, 324, 369

GALWAY.

Galway, 370

Athenry, 320, 345

Athleague, Bog of Aughrane, 207

Claran Bridge, Dunkellen, 436

Headford, 314

Keelogue Ford, 142, 306, 371

Lough Corrib, 431

KILKENNY.

Piltown, Iverk, 306

KERRY.

Aghadoe, 293

Chute Hall, Tralee, 358

Derrynane, 360

Killarney, 361

KING’S COUNTY.

King’s County, 61

Boyne River, near Edenderry, 155

Clonmacnoise, 379

Dowris, 176, 179, 211, 220, 293, 335, 360, 361, 410, 411, 412, 452,
468

LEITRIM.

Ballinamore, 236

LIMERICK.

Limerick, 361

Ballynamona, 352

Lough Gur, 313, 436

LONDONDERRY.

Londonderry, 141, 176, 215, 251

Balteragh, 207

Garvagh, 200

Lissane, 252

Maghera, 330, 435

Magherafelt, 244

Newtown Limavady, 268, 291

Portglenone, 361

LONGFORD.

Longford, 81

Carlea, 141

Lanesborough, 101

LOUTH.

Greenmount, Castle Bellingham, 63

MAYO.

Ballina, 141

MEATH.

Meath, 140

Athboy, 140

Dunshaughlin, 141

” Crannoge at, 236

Kells, 207

Trim, 67

MONAGHAN.

Monaghan, 220, 256

Farney, 409

Lisletrim Bog, 295

SLIGO.

Colloony, 246

Kilrea, 247

TIPPERARY.

Tipperary, 63, 253, 272

Burrisokane, 171

Clonmel, 323

Cloonmore, Templemore, 305

Cullen, 293, 296

Rathkennan Bog, 251

Roscrea, 266

TYRONE.

Arboe, 142

Ballygawley, 201, 268

Ballynascreen, 212

Dungannon, 358,

Galbally, 252

Terman, 324

Trillick, 61, 102, 140, 141, 180, 389, 399, 466

WESTMEATH.

Westmeath, 88, 100, 259

Athlone, 201, 314

Mullingar, 176

WEXFORD.

Slieve Kileta Hill, 266

FRANCE.

Gaul, 300, 426

France, 41, 83, 94, 95, 114, 119, 142, 281, 287, 297, 301, 369, 401,
403, 425, 480

France, North of, 19, 81, 116, 304, 379, 448, 480, 481, 483

France, North-west of, 81, 115

” South of, 57, 85, 131, 153, 234, 479, 484

Brittany, 117, 124, 135, 181, 223, 403, 412, 417, 419, 477

Normandy, 43, 79, 91

AIN.

Cormoz, 300, 301

AISNE.

Aisne, 250

ALLIER.

Ferté Hauterive, La, 458

Gannat, 20

AUDE.

Carcassonne, 390

Cascastel, 122

BOUCHES DU RHONE.

Bounias, Cave of, 223

CANTAL.

Aliès, 287

Mons, St. Flour, 307

CALVADOS.

Escoville, 86

Fresné la Mère, 180, 183, 189, 209, 375

COTE D’OR.

Alise Ste. Reine, 293, 315, 341

Auxonne, 356

Cosne, 300

Magny Lambert, 300

COTES DU NORD.

Lamballe, 116

Moussaye, Plénée-Jugon, 115, 116, 445, 477

DOUBS.

Doubs, 43, 172

Besançon, 293

DROME.

Beaurières, 458

Marsanne, 307

EURE.

Bernay, 77, 78, 81

Evreux, 52

Gasny, 77

Les Andelys, 79

EURE ET LOIRE.

Lutz, 122

FINISTERE.

Finistère, 43

Carnoël, 243

Kerhué-Bras, 238

Plonéour, 215, 405

GARD.

Uzés, 301

GIRONDE.

Langoiran, 97

HAUTES ALPES.

Hautes Alpes, 176

Rame, 238

Réallon, 458

Ribiers, 131, 184, 458

HAUTE ARIEGE.

Haute Ariège, 97

HAUTE LOIRE.

Haute Loire, 131

Cheylounet, 254

Polignac, 293

St. Jullien, Chapteuil, 215

HAUTES PYRENEES.

Tarbes, 97

HAUTE SAONE.

Haute Saône, 52

Auxonne, 248

ILLE ET VILAINE.

Rennes, 287

INDRE ET LOIRE.

Chatellier d’Amboise, 172

St. Genouph, 207, 401, 435

Tours, 448

ISERE.

Isère, 131

Grenoble, 88

La Balme, 131

Vienne, 55, 180

JURA.

Jura, 43, 131, 172, 293

Barésia, 307

Fonderie de Larnaud, 68, 131, 167, 176, 184, 192, 448, 456

Orgelet, 129

NORD.

Lille, 78

LOIRE INFERIEURE.

Marais de Donges, 238

Nantes, 180, 215, 281

” Loire at, 252, 339

Penhouët, 249

St. Nazaire-sur-Loire, 281

LOIR ET CHER.

Loir et Cher, 160

Billy, 432

Theil, 356

LOT.

Miers, 293

MAINE ET LOIRE.

Saumur, 123

MANCHE, LA.

Manche, La, 129, 215, 230

Cotentin, 448

La Parnelle, 398

MARNE.

La Gorge Meillet, 403

Lusancy, 109

MEURTHE.

Frouard, 458

MORBIHAN.

Morbihan, 445

L’Orient, 122

Questembert, 215, 449

Villeder, 86

OISE.

Beauvais, 171

Compiègne, 52, 304

Jonquières, 77

Mareuil-sur-Ourcq, 54

Noailles, 252

Pont-point, 131, 142, 176

St. Pierre-en-Châtre, 192

PAS DE CALAIS.

Chaussée Brunehault, 250

Hewelinghen, 238

PUY DE DOME.

Manson, 458

Royat, 41

RHONE.

Lyons, 52, 223

” Rhone at, 287

” Saône at, 441

SAONE ET LOIRE.

Chalon-sur-Saône, 180, 183

Macon, 441

SAVOIE.

Savoie, 95, 131, 172, 191, 305, 315, 341, 368, 484

Donsard, 210

Grésine, 230

Lac du Bourget, 129, 131, 180, 184, 387, 432, 449

SEINE.

Seine River, at Paris, 77, 157, 160, 176, 183, 201, 208, 221, 238,
243, 249, 272, 283, 313, 327, 398

SEINE ET OISE.

Seine et Oise, 281

Angerville, 180

Argenteuil, 279

SOMME.

Somme, 250

Abbeville, 91, 92, 335

Albert, 279

Amiens, 52, 157, 176, 183, 201, 206, 208, 249, 371, 398

Caix, 304

Dreuil, 109, 110, 129, 144, 176, 208, 283, 370, 393, 403, 404, 405

Somme Valley, 180

TARN.

Briatexte, 180, 215

Lavène, 215

VAUCLUSE.

Avignon, 131

VIENNE.

Notre-Dame d’Or, 176, 214, 221, 398, 441, 447

GERMAN EMPIRE.

Germany, 19, 52, 94, 95, 114, 153, 272, 287, 293, 298, 299, 315, 355

” North of, 80, 298, 315, 316, 379, 480 482, 483

” South of, 85, 161

” West of, 83, 479, 483

Hercinia, 31

Thuringia, 109

Baden, 85

Bohemia, 425

Brandenburg, 299

Hanover, 308

Hesse, 85

Mecklenburg, 112, 215, 363

Palatinate, 238

Pomerania, 116

Rhenish Hesse, 282

” Prussia, 85, 95, 481

Saxony, 419, 425

Silesia, 425

Benfeld, 143

Bingen, 353

Blengow, 262

Bonn, 85

Camenz, 202, 384, 390, 459

Eikrath, 448

Erxleben, 288

Giessen, 91

Gnadenfeld, 448

Göttingen, 77

Grossenhain, 459

Grünberg, 441

Kempten, 173, 176

Lämmersdorf, 184

Landshut, 85

Magdeburg, 298

Medingen, 441

Neu-Ruppin, 262

Oberwald-behrungen, 308

Pfaffenburg, 144

Polsen, 441

Schlieben, 173

Stade, 184

Stettin, 288

Vaudrevanges, 458

Watsch, 145

Zaborowo, 133

AUSTRIAN EMPIRE.

Austria, 40, 85

Dalmatia, 172, 183

Hungary, 40, 43, 119, 147, 158, 161, 180, 236, 272, 276, 318, 327,
419, 432, 450, 478, 482

Styria, 119, 355, 413

Agram, 177

Aninger, 131

Brasy, 308

Brixen, 355

Gratz, 288

Hallein, 152, 153

Hallstatt, 23, 25, 69, 95, 144, 157, 181, 184, 229, 274, 288, 293,
308, 342, 355, 389, 393, 394, 401, 403, 405, 409, 413, 485, 486

Korno, 308

Laibach, 246, 393, 428, 451

Macarsca, 172, 183

Mattrey, 355

Pressburg, 166

Przemysl, 180

Vienna, 246

HOLLAND.

Holland, 77

Deurne, 173, 176, 221

Düren, 133, 176

Emmen, 173

Groningen, 152

Masseyck, 82

Nymegen, 89

BELGIUM.

Bernissart, 215

Bevay, 116

Gédinne, 300

Maulin, 109

SCANDINAVIA.

Scandinavia, 147, 184, 191, 195, 234, 236, 252, 274, 287, 296, 298,
408, 474, 478, 481, 482, 486

NORWAY.

Norway, 419

DENMARK.

Denmark, 30, 40, 52, 54, 60, 69, 95, 134, 159, 163, 270, 286, 296,
298, 309, 315, 316, 340, 363, 372, 379, 451

Iceland, 71

Jutland, 30, 163

Hvidegaard, 309

Kallundborg, 296

Kongshöi, 301

Lydshöi, 309

Nydam, 159

Söborg, 272

Store-Hedinge, 151, 163

Treenhöi, 302

Vimose, 159, 195

SWEDEN.

Sweden, 40, 52, 129, 298, 419, 425, 432, 451

Gotland, 448

Smaaland, 196

Årup, 262

Hasslöf, 252

SWITZERLAND.

Lake-dwellings, 13, 86, 95, 150, 166, 167, 172, 180, 191, 208, 236,
280, 287, 297, 305, 315, 369, 370, 383, 395, 401, 403, 407, 408,
480, 484, 486, 487

Lake of Bienne, 180, 300, 431

” ” Locras, 422

Lake of Bienne, Mœrigen, 13, 114, 153, 172, 176, 180, 184, 195, 238,
437, 449

” ” Oefeli, 237

” ” Nidau, 221

” Geneva, 130, 183

” ” Eaux Vives, 180, 210, 215, 432

” ” La Tinière, 26

” ” Morges, 441, 456

” Luissel, 288

” Neuchâtel, Auvernier, 114, 131, 176, 180, 183

” ” Concise, 288

” Estavayer, 425

” Pfäffikon, Robenhausen, on, 150, 427, 456

Echallens, 131

Raron, 154

Sion, Valais, 260

Unter-Uhldingen, in the Ueberlinger See, 317, 427

ITALY.

Italy, 41, 52, 86, 104, 155, 160, 234, 241, 259, 271, 272, 274, 280,
287, 297, 315, 334, 341, 369, 403, 445, 480, 483, 484

Etruria, 39, 355, 394, 400, 412, 413, 425, 476, 481

Bologna, 104, 143, 172, 173, 176, 180, 183, 184, 185, 210, 217, 288,
341, 448

Alban Necropolis, 341

Castione, 153

Chiusi, 155, 480

Herculaneum, 32

Lake of Varese, 430, 437

Modena, 401

Sardinia, Island of, 426, 438

“Terramare,” 236, 434

SPAIN.

Spain, 19, 43, 90, 97, 161, 238, 271, 275, 279, 354, 419, 424, 425,
480

Asturias, 97

Ciudad Real, 43, 271

Niebla, 184

Oviedo, 97

Sierra de Baza, 97

PORTUGAL.

Portugal, 425

Estremadura, 143

GREECE.

Greece, 10, 160, 161, 297, 315, 318

Archipelago, 40

” Scyros, 18

” Santorin, 184

” Thermia, 40, 160

Dodona, 69

Mycenæ, 297

Salamis, 161

Thera, 297

MEDITERRANEAN COUNTRIES.

Mediterranean Countries, 478, 480, 483

RUSSIAN EMPIRE.

Russian Empire, 477

Finland, 299, 477

Siberia, 131, 143, 177, 477

Inwa, the, 263

Jelabugy, 336

Kertch, 143

Kiew, 124

Viatka, 263

Yenissei, the, 263

ASIA.

Asia, 310, 476

Asia Minor, Hissarlik, the presumed site of Troy, 40, 166, 224, 310,
438

Arabia, 318

” Sarbout-el-Khadem, 8

” Wady-Magarah, 8

” Wady-Nash, 8

Assyria, 147, 355

Cambodia, 142

China, 19, 263, 329

” Sanda Valley, Yunan, 142

Chorassan, 425

Cyprus, Island of, 40, 184, 310

” Tamassus, 14

India, Gungeria, 2, 40

Southern Babylonia, Tel Sifr, 9, 40, 211, 383

AFRICA.

Africa, 149, 181, 306, 340, 359, 387, 393, 451

Egypt, 6, 7, 8, 147, 261, 298, 318, 391, 419, 475, 480

” Great Kantara, 298

” Karnak, 6

” Thebes, 7, 185, 234

Mauretania, 354

AMERICA, NORTH.

America, North, 43, 383, 476

Mexico, 4, 43, 166

Wisconsin, 2

AMERICA, SOUTH.

Bolivia, 165

” La Paz, 148, 165

Chili, Copiapo, 145

Ecuador, 148

Peru, 4, 148, 165

” Lima, 166

OCEANIA, &c.

Australia, 263

Borneo, 340

Fiji, 359

Japan, 275

Java, 142

Madagascar, 340

Malacca, 424

New Caledonia, 263

South Sea Islands, 34

Works by the same Author.

THE COINS OF THE ANCIENT BRITONS, Arranged and described by JOHN EVANS, F.S.A., F.G.S., Hon. Sec. Num. Soc. of London, and engraved by F. W. FAIRHOLT, F.S.A. Medium 8vo, 26 plates, price 21_s._

J. RUSSELL SMITH. LONDON, 1864.

THE ANCIENT STONE IMPLEMENTS, WEAPONS, AND ORNAMENTS OF GREAT BRITAIN. By JOHN EVANS, F.R.S., F.S.A., Hon. Sec. of the Geol. and Num. Socs. of London, &c., &c., &c. Medium 8vo, 476 woodcuts, 2 plates, price 28_s._

LONGMANS & CO. 1872.

FOOTNOTES:

[1] See _postea_, p. 40.

[2] Butler, “Prehist. Wisconsin.”

[3] “Preh. Copper Impl.,” Boston, 1879.

[4] “Anc. Mon. of the Mississ. Valley,” p. 202.

[5] “Les Voyages du Sieur de Champlain,” Paris, 1613, pp. 246-7, cited by Slafter, _op. cit._, p. 13.

[6] For notices of American copper instruments see, in addition to the works already quoted, Wilson, “Prehist. Man,” vol. i. p. 205, &c.; Lubbock, “Preh. Times,” p. 258, &c. See also an interesting article by Dr. Emil Schmidt, in _Archiv. für Anth._, vol. xi. p. 65.

[7] A Peruvian chisel analyzed by Vauquelin gave ·94 of copper and ·06 of tin (Moore’s “Anc. Mineralogy,” p. 42).

[8] Ezra, ch. viii. v. 27.

[9] Exod., ch. xxvi. v. 37.

[10] Numbers, ch. xxxi. v. 22.

[11] Ch. xxviii. v. 1, 2.

[12] Genesis, ch. iv. v. 22.

[13] Smith’s “Dict. of the Bible,” _s. v._

[14] “Anc. Egyptians,” vol. iii. p.

[15] “Phönicier,” ii. 3.

[16] “Anc. Egyptians,” vol. iii. pp. 246, 247. See also “The Egyptians in the Time of the Pharaohs,” p. 99.

[17] “Etudes sur l’Antiquité Historique d’après les sources Egyptiennes,” &c., 1872, p. 69.

[18] “Catalogue de Boulaq,” pp. 247, 248; Chabas, p. 54. See also Emil Soldi, “L’Art Egyptien,” 1879, p. 41.

[19] Catal., No. 5410.

[20] Day, “Preh. Use of Iron and Steel,” page 14.

[21] Day, _op. cit._, p. 32.

[22] Wilkinson, _op. cit._, vol. iii. p. 247.

[23] “Les Métaux dans les Inscrip. Egypt.,” 1877, p. 57.

[24] “Zeitsch. f. Ægypt. Sprache,” &c., 1870, p. 114.

[25] _Op. cit._, p. 67. Dr. Birch translates _ba en pe_ “heavenly wood” or “stone” (_Arch._, vol. xxxviii. p. 377; _Hierog. Dict._). See also a paper by the Rev. Basil Cooper in _Trans. Devon. Assoc._, vol. ii. p. 386, and Day, “Preh. Use of Iron and Steel,” p. 41.

[26] Chabas, _op. cit._, p. 47. Lepsius, _op. cit._, p. 57.

[27] “Photii Bibliotheca,” ed. 1653, col. 1343.

[28] “Herod.,” lib. ii. c. 152.

[29] _Trans. Ethnol. Soc._, vol. iv. p. 5.

[30] Soldi, “L’Art Egypt.,” p. 25.

[31] Χαλκεύειν δὲ καὶ τὸ σιδηρεύειν έλεγον, καὶ χαλκεάς, τοὺς τὸν σίδηρον ἐργαζομένους (Julius Pollux, “Onomasticon,” lib. vii. cap. 24).

[32] “Lectures on the Science of Language,” 2nd S., 1864, p. 229; Tylor’s “Anahuac,” 1861, p. 140.

[33] “Lectures on the Science of Language,” 2nd S., p. 231.

[34] “Studies on Homer and the Homeric Age,” vol. iii. pp. 498, 499.

[35] The reference is to Millin, “Minéralogie Homérique,” pp. 126, 132.

[36] “Metallurgy—Fuel, Fireclays, Copper,” &c., p. 6.

[37] Moore, “Anc. Mineralogy,” p. 57.

[38] _Rev. Arch._, N.S., vol. iv. p. 97; Æsch. Agamem., v. 612. Professor Rolleston is inclined to refer the expression to the “tempering” of bronze (_Trans. Brist. and Glouc. Arch. Soc._, 1878).

[39] Rossignol, “Les Métaux dans l’Ant.,” p. 238.

[40] “Æn.,” viii. 450.

[41] “Iliad,” xviii. 474.

[42] xi. 24.

[43] xi. 34.

[44] xviii. 574.

[45] “Il.,” xviii. 612.

[46] xxiii. 561. For these and other instances see Prof. Phillips in the _Arch. Journ._, vol. xvi. p. 10.

[47] Desor et Favre, “Bel Age du Bronze,” p. 16.

[48] Holtzapffel, “Turning and Mechanical Manipulation,” vol. i. p. 271.

[49] “Æneid,” vii. 743.

[50] “Iliad,” iii. 363.

[51] “Il.,” iii. 348, vii. 259.

[52] M. Ch. Houssel in _Rev. Arch._, N.S., vol. iv. p. 98.

[53] “Il.,” xi. 24.

[54] _Arch. für Anthrop._, vol. viii. p. 295; Müller, “Fragm. Hist. Græc.,” vol. i. p. 549.

[55] “Il.,” xiii. 612.

[56] “Odyss.,” i. v. 184.

[57] Plin. “Hist. Nat.,” lib. vii. c. lvi. 6.

[58] Lib. viii. c. 14, § 5.

[59] _Op. cit._, lib. iii. c. 12, § 8.

[60] Diodorus Siculus, lib. v. c. 64.

[61] Strabo, “Geog.,” lib. xiv. p. 935, ed. 1807.

[62] Callimachus, “Hymn. in Del.,” l. 31.

[63] “Anc. Stone Imp.,” p. 5.

[64] _Archiv für Anthrop._, 1880, vol. xii. p. 293.

[65] “Iliad,” lib. xxiii. v. 826.

[66] “Troad.,” 143.

[67] “Æn.,” lib. vii. 743.

[68] “Op. et D.,” i. 150. Τοῖς δ̓ ἧν χάλκεα μὲν τεύχεα χάλκεοι δέ τέ
οἶκοι
Χαλκῷ δ̓ ἐιργάζοντο, μέλας δ̓ ὀυκ ἔσχε
σίδηρος.

[69] Lib. v. 1282, _et seqq._

[70] “Juv. Mundi,” 1869, p. 26.

[71] “Scut. Hercul.,” v. 122-138.

[72] “Theogon.,” v. 161.

[73] “Op. et D.,” v. 741.

[74] “Olymp.,” od. i. 123; “Nem.,” od. x. 113, &c.

[75] Lib. i. c. 215.

[76] Lib. iii. c. 23.

[77] Lib. iv. c. 71.

[78] Lib. vii. c. 85.

[79] Lib. iii. p. 208, ed. 1707.

[80] Bochart’s “Phaleg.,” p. 208, cited in _Arch. Æliana_, vol. i. p. 52.

[81] “Anc. Stone Imp.,” p. 4.

[82] “Lacon.,” lib. iii. cap. iii.

[83] Herod., lib. i. c. 67.

[84] Plutarch, “Thes.,” p. 17, _c._ Ed. 1624.

[85] “Nat. Hist.,” lib. xxxiv. cap. 14.

[86] See “_Zeitsch. für Eth._,” vol. ii, 1870, p. 131.

[87] “Vit. Caii Marii,” 420, _b._

[88] “Bell. Gall.,” iii. 13; vii. 22.

[89] Lib. v. 12.

[90] _Trans. Ethnol. Soc._, vol. iv. p. 190. See also _Anthrop. Rev._, vol. iv. p. 76.

[91] _Trans. Eth. Soc._, vol. v. p. 105; “Preh. Times,” 4th ed., p. 18.

[92] _Arch. Assoc. Journ._, vol. xxii. p. 73.

[93] See Rossignol, “Les Métaux dans l’Ant.,” p. 205.

[94] Cochet, “Le Tombeau de Childéric,” i. p. 17.

[95] “Sammlung zu Sigmaringen,” p. 153.

[96] _Archiv. für Anthropol._, vol. viii. p. 161.

[97] _Archiv._, vol. ix. p. 127.

[98] _Op. cit._, p. 141.

[99] _Op. cit._, p. 185.

[100] _Arch. für Anthrop._, vol. ix. p. 181.

[101] _A. f. A._, vol. x. p. 27.

[102] _Arch. f. Anthrop._, vol. x. pp. 41, 63.

[103] Mortillet, “Fonderie de Larnaud,” 32, 33.

[104] _Trans. Brist. and Glouc. Arch. Soc._, 1878.

[105] Cap. xix. v. 24.

[106] P. 329, l. 23. NEQVE HIC ATRAMENTVM, VEL PAPYRVS, AVT MEMBRANA VLLA ADHVC, SED MALLEOLO ET CELTE LITERATVS SILEX. This inscription is said to have been found at Pola, in Istria.

[107] _Proc. Soc. Ant._, 2nd S., vol. vii. p. 396.

[108] Rev. John Dow in _Archæol. Scot._, vol. ii. p. 199. See also Pegge in the _Arch._, vol. ix. p. 88, and Whitaker’s “Hist. of Manchester,” vol. i. p. 24.

[109] Epig. xxxiii. l. 1.

[110] Vol. iii. p. 418.

[111] P. 354.

[112] P. 265.

[113] “Itin.,” vol. iii. p. 7.

[114] “Britannia,” ed. 1637, p. 188.

[115] “Thoresby’s Correspondence,” vol. ii. p. 211.

[116] “Nat. Hist. of Staffordshire,” 1686, p. 403.

[117] “Mus. Lud. Moscard.”, Padua, 1656, fol. 305, lib. iii. c. 174.

[118] “Nat. Hist. of Staff.,” p. 403.

[119] P. 86.

[120] _Arch._, vol. v. p. 110.

[121] “Ants. of Cornwall,” p. 263.

[122] Count de Caylus has, however, engraved two which are said to have been found at Herculaneum. He thought that they were chisels (_Rec. d’Ant._, vol. ii. pl. xciii. fig. 2; xciv. fig. 1).

[123] Arch., vol. v. p. 106.

[124] Vol. ix. p. 84.

[125] “Nænia Britannica” (1793), p. 153.

[126] _Arch._, vol. xiv. p. 98.

[127] “Ancient Wilts,” vol. i. 1812, p. 203.

[128] _Arch._, vol. xix. p. 102.

[129] _Archæol. Scot._, vol. ii. p. 199.

[130] _Archæol. Æliana_, vol. i. p. 17.

[131] _Arch._, vol. xxviii. p. 418.

[132] _Arch. Journ._, vol. iv. pp. 1 and 327.

[133] _Arch. Assoc. Journ._, 1853, vol. ix. p. 63.

[134] _Arch. Assoc. Journ._, vol. xxii. p. 64.

[135] _Arch. Journ._, vol. xviii. p. 148, _et seq._

[136] _Jour. Roy. Un. Service Inst._, vol. xiii., 1869.

[137] P. 43, _et seqq._ 188.

[138] _See Revue de la Numis. Belge_, 5th Ser., vol. vi. p. 290.

[139] _Proc. Soc. Ant._, 2nd S., vol. v. p. 392.

[140] “Catal. Mus. R.I.A.,” pp. 367, 395 (Etruscan Coll., Berlin, No. 3244).

[141] “Horæ Ferales,” p. 136; _Arch. Journ._, vol. xi. p. 169.

[142] “Catal. M. R.I.A.,” p. 366.

[143] “Troy and its Remains,” p. 330, &c.

[144] “Cong. préh.,” Stockholm vol. i. p. 346. _Proc. As. Soc. Bengal_, May, 1870.

[145] _Proc. Soc. Ant._, 2nd S., vol. iii. p. 437.

[146] Kenner, “Arch. Funde,” 1867, p. 29.

[147] Worsaae, “Nord. Olds.,” fig. 178.

[148] “Cong. préh.,” Bologna vol. p. 292.