Chapter IV: =Philology.= (3)

¶ Maister yit quod the man what is this to say A vauntellay a lay. and a Relay. That shaƚƚ I teƚƚ the quod he: for a littiƚƚ byȝete When the howndys ar set: an hert for to mete And other hym chasen and folowyn to take Then aƚƚ the Relais thow may vppon hem make Even at his comyng yf thow lett thy howndys goo While the oder that be behynde fer arn hym froo That is .a vauntelay. and so thow shaƚƚ hit caƚƚ For thay are than fer before thoos oder howndes aƚƚ And an hynderyng grete aƚƚ oder vntiƚƚ For thay may not that day nomore sewe at wiƚƚ And holde thyn houndes styƚƚ iff that thow so do Tiƚƚ aƚƚ the houndes that be behynd be cum therto Than let thyn houndes aƚƚ to geder goo That called is an allay. and looke thow say so And that hynderyng is yit to them that be behynde For the restede wiƚƚ ouergo the weere by kynde A relay is after when the houndes ar past Fer be fore with the hert that hiet hem fast To let thyn houndes fer after hem goon And that is then a fortheryng to hem echoon For and thyn houndes haue ouertake thees oder bi destres Then shaƚƚ they aƚƚ folue hym of oon sweftnes

What is a forloẏng.

¶ Yit mayster wolde I fayn thus at yow leere What is a forloyng for that is goode to here That shaƚƚ I say the quod he the soth at lest When thy houndes in the wode sechyn any beest And the beest is stoƚƚ a way owt of the fryth Or the houndes that thow hast meten therwith And any other houndes before: than may with hem mete Thees oder houndes arn then forloyned I the hete For the beste and the houndes arn so fer before And the houndes be hynde be weere and soore So that thay may not at the best cum at ther wiƚƚ The houndes before forloyne hem and that is the skyƚƚ Thay be ay so fere be fore to me iff thow wiƚƚ trust And thys is the forloyne lere hit iff thow lust

Wiche thre thẏnges cause the houndes to endure

¶ Yit wolde I weete mayster iff it ware thy wiƚƚ Whan thyn houndes renne an hert vntiƚƚ And ay the forther they goo the gladder thay bene For .iij. causes quod he oft tyme is sene Oon is when the hert rennys fast on a rese He swetith that hit rennyth downe thorogh owt his clees The houndes when thay fynde of that it is swete Then ar thay leuer to renne and lother to lete An oder cause when the hert ny no moore may Then wiƚƚ he white froth caste ther he gooth a way When thyn houndes fynde of that then ar thay glad In hope thay shaƚƚ hym haue and renne so rad The .iij. cause is of the hert when he is nygh dede Then he castys owt of his mowth froth and blade rede The houndes knaw that he shaƚƚ be take soone than And euer the forther they goo the gladdir they renne Thes are the causes .iij. that cawses hem gladde to be

Wich best a slau hounde takis as sone as aswift

¶ What beest yit mayster I ax it for non yƚƚ That moost hoole aƚƚ houndes rennen vntiƚƚ And also sone the slowyst shaƚƚ hym ouer take As the swyftist shaƚƚ do what way so euer he take That beest a Bausyn hight a Brok or a Gray Thees .iij. namys he hath the sooth for to say And this is cause therof: for he wiƚƚ by kynde Go thorugh thornys a way the thykest he may fynde Ther as the swyftist houndes may no forther goo Then the slowest of foote be he neuer so thro

Whẏ the hare fumaẏs and croteis.

¶ yit mayster wolde I wete whi that men sayn That the haare fumays and croteys booth playn And aƚƚ other maner beestys that huntid be Femyon̄ or fenon̄ as we wele hit se That shaƚƚ I weeƚƚ teƚƚ the quod the mayster then For why that he femays and crotis weeƚƚ I ken He femaith for he beryth talow. this is no lees And he croteis men sayn for he beerith grees And Roukis on his houghis when he lettis it go And beestys of sich kynde fynde wee no moo How mony beestis femayen̄ mayster fayn̄ I wolde lere And how many fenon̄ that ware goode to here Aƚƚ this to teƚƚ quod the mayster I holde hit bot lihgt Aƚƚ beestis that beere talow and stonde vpright Femayen when thay do so say as I the kenne And aƚƚ oder fenon̄ that rowken downe thenne.

How nonẏ maner beestis of venerẏ Releue

¶ How many maner beestis yit mayster me teƚƚ Off venery Releuen by fryth or by ffeƚƚ To this quod the mayster I shaƚƚ the answare Off aƚƚ beestis bot .ij. the hert and the haare From the Annunciacion of owre lady day The hert then releues the sooth for to say Tiƚƚ saynt Petris day and paule. and the haare right: From the Purificacion of owre lady bright: Tiƚƚ the translacion Releuys: leue ye me Off saynt Thomas tide of Caunturburie.

To vndo the wẏlde Boore.

¶ Yit my chylde of the boore for to speke moore When he shaƚƚ be vndoon I teƚƚ yow be foore xxxij. bredis ye shaƚƚ of hym make Now wiƚƚ yow my sonnys wit weere ye shaƚƚ them take The fyrst of theym is the hede what euer be faƚƚ An oder is the coler and so ye shaƚƚ hit caƚƚ The sheldys on the sholderis: therof shaƚƚ .ij. be Then eyder side of the swyne depertid in .iij. The peestellis and the gambons deꝑte theym .ij. And .ij. feleteys he hath: forgete not thoo Then take is legges and is feete & shewith yowre sleght For they shaƚƚ of his bredys be countid for .viij. Departith the chyne in .iiij. pecis and nomoo And take ther yowre bredis .xxx. and .ij. And fayre put the grece whan it is take a way In the bledder of the boore my chylde I yow pray For hit is a medecyne: for mony maner pyne

¶ how ẏe shall breeke an Hert.

And for to speke of the hert while we thynke oon̄ My chylde fyrst ye shaƚƚ hym ẜue when he shaƚƚ be vndoon̄ And that is for to say or euer ye hym dyght With in his owne hornys to lay hym vpright At thessay cut hym that lordys may see: A noon fat or leen wheder that he bee Than cut of the coddis the bely euen froo Or ye begynne hym to flee: and then shaƚƚ ye goo At chaulis: to begynne assone as ye may And slyttith hym downe euen to thassay And fro thassay euen dewne the bele shaƚƚ ye slitt To the pissiƚƚ ther the codde was a way kytt Then slit the lyfte legge euen first before And then the lyfte legge by hynde or ye do moore And thees oder legges vppon the right syde vppon thessame maner slyt ye that tyde To goo to the chekys looke ye be prest And so fleeth hym downe euen to the brest And so fleeth hym forth right vnto thessay Euen to the place where the codde was cut a way Then fleeth thessame wyse aƚƚ that oder syde Bot let the tayƚƚ of the beest stiƚƚ ther oon byde Than shaƚƚ ye hym vndo my chylde I yow Rede Ryght vppon his awne skynne and lay hit on brede Take heede of the cuttyng of thessame dere And begynne fyrst to make the Erbere Than take owt the shulderis. and slyttith a noon̄ The baly to the syde from the corbyn bone That is corbyns fee: at the deeth he wiƚƚ be Then take owt the sewet that hit be not lafte For that my chylde is good for lechecraft Than put thyn honde softely vnder the brest bone And ther shaƚƚ ye take owt therber a noon Than put owt the paunche. and from the paunche taas: A way wightly the Rate sich. as he haas Hoole it with a fyngre. do as I yow kenne And with the bloode and the grece fillith hit thenne Looke threde that ye haue and nedeƚƚ therto: For to sew it with aƚƚ or ye moore do. The smale guttis than ye shaƚƚ owt pyt From hem take the maw. foryet not it. Than take owt the leuer. and lay hit on the skynne And after that the bledder with owt moore dynne Than dresst the Nombles: first that ye reke Downe the avauncers kerue that cleues to the necke And downe with the bolthrote put them a noon And kerue vp the flesħ ther vp to the hach boon̄ And so forth the fillittis that ye vp arere That fallith to the nombles. and shaƚƚ be ther: With the neres also and sewit: that ther is Euen to the mydryf that vppon hym is Than take downe the mydrif from the sides hoote And haue vp the nombles hoole by the boƚƚ throte In thyn hond than them holde. and looke and se That aƚƚ that longith them to. to geder that thay be Than take them to thy broder to holde for trist Whylis thow them dowblyst and dightis as the list Than a way the lyghtis. and oon̄ the skynne them lay To a byde the querre my chylde I yow pray. Than shaƚƚ ye slyt the slough ther as the hert lith And take a way the Eres from it and by slyth For sich heris hath his hert: ay it vppon As men may se in the beest when he is vndon̄ And in the myddis of the hert a boon shaƚƚ ye fynde Looke ye yeue hit to a lorde. and chylde be kynde For hit is kynde for mony malydies And in the myddis of the hert euermore it lies Than shaƚƚ ye kyt the skyrtis the teeth euen fro And after the Ragge boon̄ cuttis euen also The forchis: and the sydes euen betwene And looke that yowre knyfe ay whettyd bene Than turne vp the forchis. and frote them with bloode For to saue the grece. so do men of goode Than shaƚƚ ye cut the nek the sydes euen fro And the hede fro the nek cuttyth also The toong the brayn the paunch and the necke When thay wasħ be weeƚƚ with water of the becke: The smale guttis to the lightis in the derys: A boue the hert of the beest when thow them reris With aƚƚ the blode that ye may gete and wyn Aƚƚ to geder shaƚƚ be take. and layde oon̄ the skyn. To geue yowre houndes. that callid is I wis: The quyrre. a boue the skyn for it etyn is And who dightis hym so by my counsayle Shaƚƚ haue the lefte shuder for hys trauayle. And the Right shulder where so euer he bee Yeueth to the foster for that is his fee And the lyuer also of thessame beest To the fosterys knaue yeueth at the leest The nombles trussith in the skynne. and hardeƚƚ hym fast The sides and the forches to geder that thay last With thender legges. be doon̄ so it shaƚƚ Than bryng it hoom. and the skynne with aƚƚ The nombles. and the hornes. at the lordis yate Than boldely blow the price tharat. Yowre play for to mynne. Or that ye come Inne

¶ Explicit Dam Iulyans
Barnes in her boke of huntyng.

Bestis of the chace of the swete fewte & stinkīg.

Ther be beestys of the chace: of the swete fewte. And tho be the Bucke. the Doo. the Beere. the Reynḋ the Elke. the Spyccard. the Otre. and the Martron.

¶ Ther be beestis of the chace of the stynkyng fewte And thay be the Roobucke. and the Roo. the Fulmard. the Fyches. the Baude. the Graye. the Fox. the Squyreƚƚ. the whitrat. the Sot. and the Pulcatte.

¶ The namẏs of diuerse maner houndis

Theis be the namys of houndes. First ther is a Grehownd a Bastard. A Mengreƚƚ. a Mastyfe. a Lemor. a Spanyeƚƚ. Rachys. Kenettys. Teroures. Bocheris houndes. Myddyng dogges. Tryndeltayles. and Prikherid curris. and smale ladies popis thai beere a way the flees and dyueris smale fawtis.

¶ The propreteis of a goode Grehound.

A Grehounde shulde be heded like a Snake. and necked like a Drake. Foted like a Kat. Tayled like a Rat. Syded lyke a Teme. Chyned like a Beme

¶ The first yere he most lerne to fede. The secund yere to felde hym lede. ¶ The .iij. yere he is felow lyke. The .iiij yere ther is noon sike. ¶ The .v. yere he is good Inough The .vi. yere he shaƚƚ holde the plough ¶ The vij yere he wiƚƚ avayle: grete bikkys for to assayle. ¶ The .viij. yere likladiƚƚ. The .ix. yere cartsadyƚƚ. ¶ And when he is commyn to that yere: haue hym to the tanner. ¶ For the beest hownde that euer bikke hade. at .ix. yere he is fuƚƚ badde

The propretees of a goode hors.

A Goode hors shulde haue .xv. ꝓpretees. and condicions. y^t is to wit .iij. of a man .iij of a woman .iij. of a fox iij. of an haare and .iij. of an asse. Off a man boolde prowde and hardy. Off a woman fayre brestid faire of here & esy to lip vppon. Off a fox a faire tayle short eris with a goode trot. Off an hare a grete eygh a dry hede. and weƚƚ rennyng Off an asse a bigge chyne a flatte lege. and goode houe.

Weƚƚ trauelid women ner weƚƚ trauelid hors wer neu̇ goode

¶ Arise erly. serue god deuouteli. and the worlde besily doo thy werke wiseli. yeue thyn almese secretly Go by the way sadly. Answere the peple demurely. Go to thi mete appetideli. Sit ther at discretely. Of thi tonge be not to liberalli. Arrise therfrom temꝑatly. Goo to thi soper soborly And to thy bedde merely. Be in thyn Inne Iocūdely Plese thy loue duly. And slepe surely.

Merke wele theẏs .iiii thẏnges.

¶ Ther be .iiij thyngꝭ principaƚƚ to be drad of eu̇y wise man The first is the curse of owre holy fader the pope. The secunde is thindignacion of a prince Quia indignacion regis vel principis mors est The thridde is the fauor or the wiƚƚ of a Iuge. The iiij. is Sclaunder & the mutacion of a comynalte.

Who that makith in Cristynmas a doog to his larder. And in Marche a Sow to is gardyner. And in May a fole of a whise mannys counseƚƚ. He shaƚƚ neuer haue goode larder. fayre gardyn. Ner wele kepyd cownceƚƚ.

¶ Fer from thy kynnysmen keste the. Wrath not thy neighborys next the. In a goode corne cuntre threste the. And sitte downe Robyn and rest the.

Who that byldys his hous aƚƚ of salowes. And prickyth a blynde hors ouer the falowys. And suffrith hys wyfe to seche mony halowys. God sende hym the blysse of euerlastyng galowis.

If theis be not directid then go thei at aventẏr

¶ Ther be iiij. thynges fuƚƚ harde for to knaw. Wyche way that thay wiƚƚ drawe. The first is the wayes of a yong man. The secunde the cours of a vessayƚƚ in the see. The thridde of an Edder or a serpent sprent. The .iiij. of a fowle sittyng on any thyng.

Too wyues in oon hous. too cattys and oon mous: Too dogges and oon boon: theis shaƚƚ neu̇ accorde ɩ oon̄

Who that mannyth hym with his kynne. And closith his croofte wyth cheritrees. Shaƚƚ haue many hegges brokynne. And also fuƚƚ lyttyƚƚ goode seruyes.

The Compaẏnẏs of beestẏs and fowlẏs.

AN Herde of Hertis an herde of aƚƚ maṅ dere an Herde of Swannys an Herde of Cranys an Herde of Corlewys an Herde of wrennys an Herde of harlottys a Nye of ffesaunttys a Beuy of Ladies a Beuy of Roos a Beuy of Quaylis a Sege of heronnys a Sege of betouris a Sorde or a sute of malardis a Mustre of Pecockys a walke of Snytis a Congregacion of peple an Exaltyng of Larkis a wache of Nyghtingalis an hoost of men a ffelisħippyng of yomen a Cherme of Goldefynches a Cast of Brede a Couple or a payer of botillis a fflight of Doues an vnkyndenes of Rauenes a Clateryng of choughes a Dissimulacion of breddis a Route of Knyghtis a Pride of Lionys a Sleuth of Beeris a Cete of Graies a Bery of Conyis a Riches of Martronys a Besynes of ferettis a Brace of grehoundis of ij a Lece of Grehoundis of .iij a Coupuƚƚ of spaynellis a Couple of rennyng houndis a Litter of welpis a Kyndyƚƚ of yong Cattis a Synguler of Boris a Dryft of tame Swyne an Harrasse of horse a Ragg of coltis or a Rake a Baren of Mulis a Trippe of Gete a Trippe of haaris a Gagle of gees a Brode of hennys a badelyng of Dokis a Noonpaciens of wyues a State of Prynces a Thongh of barons a Prudens of vikeris a Suꝑfluyte of Nunnys a Scole of clerkes a Doctryne of doctoris a Conu̇tyng of prechouris a Sentence of Iuges a Dampnyng of Iurrouris a Diligens of Messangeris an Obeisians of ẜuauntis a Sete of vssheris a Draught of boteleris a Proude shewyng of taloris a Temꝑans of cokys a Stalke of fosteris a Boost of saudiouris a Laughtre of Osteloris a Glosyng of Tauerneris a Malepertnes of pedleres a Thraue of Throsheris a squatte of Dawberis a Fightyng of beggers an vntrouth of sompneris a Melody of Harpers A Pauuerty of pypers a sotelty of sergeauntis a Tabernacle of bakers a Drifte of fisħers a Disgysyng of Taylours a Bleche of sowteris a Smere of Coryouris a Clustre of Grapys a Clustre of chorlis a Rage of Maydenys a Rafuƚƚ of Knauys a blusħ of boyes an vncredibilite of Cocoldis a Couy of partrichis a Sprynge of Telis a Desserte of Lapwyngꝭ a faƚƚ of woodecockis a Congregacion of Pleuers a Couert of cootis a Dueƚƚ of Turtillis a Titengis of Pies an Ost of sparowis a Swarme of bees a cast of haukis of y^e tour .ij a Lece of thessame haukis .iij a Flight of Goshaukes a Flight of swalowes a beldyng of Rookes a Murmuracion of stares a Route of woluess a Lepe of Lebardis a Shrewdenes of Apis a Skulke of Theuys a skulke of ffoxis a Nest of Rabettis a Labor of Mollis a Mute of houndes a Keneƚƚ of Rachis a Sute of a lyam a Cowardnes of curris a Soundre of wilde swyne a Stode of Maris a Pase of Assis a Droue of Nete a fflocke of Shepe a Gagle of women a Pepe of chykennys a Multiplieng of husbondis a Pontificalite of prelatis a Dignyte of chanonys a Charge of curatis a Discrecion of Prestis a Sculke of freris a bhomynable sight of mōkis a Scoƚƚ of ffysħ a Example of Maisteris an Obẜuans of herimytis an Eloquens of laweyeris an Execucion of Officerys a faith of Marchandis a ꝓuision of stewardꝭ of hous a Kerff of Panteris a Credens of Seweris an vnbrewyng of Kerueris a Safegarde of Porteris a Blast of hunteris a Thretenyng of courteyeris a Promyse of Tapsteris a Lyeng of pardeneris a Misbeleue of paynteris a Lasħ of Carteris a Scoldyng of Kemsteris a wonderyng of Tynkeris a waywardnes of haywardis a worship of writeris a Neu̇thriuyng of Iogoleris a ffraunch of Mylneris a Festre of Brewris a Goryng of Bochouris a Trynket of Corueseris a Plocke of Shoturneris a Dronkship of Coblers a Sculke of foxis a Clustre of Nottis a Rage of the teethe a Rascaƚƚ of Boyes a Disworship of Scottis

¶ Explicit

Here folow the dew termẏs to speke of breekẏng or dressẏng of dẏuerse
beestis and fowlis & ċ And thessame is shewed of certaẏn fẏsshes.

A Dere brokenne. A Goose rerede a Pigge hedede and sydede a Capoon sawsede a Checoon frusshyd a Cony vnlaceedde a Crane displayde a Curlew vnioyntede a ffesawnt alet a Quayle wyngged a Plouer Mynsed a Pegeon thyghed Brawne leechyd a Swanne lyfte a Lambe shulderide a Kidde shulderide an Hen spoylede a Malarde vnbrasid an Heron dysmembrid a Pecoke disfigured a Beture vntachid a Partrich alet a Raale brestyde a Wodecoke thyghed an Egge Tyred a ffyre Tymbered

Now of fẏsshes

A Sawmon Chyned a Pyke splatted an Haddoke sided a Cheuen fynned a Sole loyned a Gurnarde chyned a Tenche sawced an Ele trousoned a Breme splayed a Barbiƚƚ tuskyd a Trought gobettid

¶ ẏe shall saẏ thus.

An hert Herbourghith a Bucke lodgith an Esquyer lodgith a Roo beddith a yoman beddith an haare in her forme shulderyng or leenyng. a Cony sittyng. a Wodecoke beekyng

Here now foloyng shaƚƚ be shewed aƚƚ the Shyreys and the Byshopryches of
the reolme of Englond And ye shaƚƚ vnderstonde that the Shyres be
written before and the bisshopriches of thessame ar writ folowyng next
aft and then afterward ar shewed the Prouynces of this londe.

¶ Kente. Caunturbury. Rouchestre. ¶ Southesex. Chychestre. ¶ Haampshyre. Sutherey. Wynchestre. ¶ Wyldeshyre. Barkeshyre. Salybury. ¶ Somersete shyre. Dorset shyre. Bathe. ¶ Deuenshyre. Cornewayle. Excestur ¶ Essex. Medelsex. London. ¶ Northfolke. Suthefolke. Norwyche. ¶ Cambrygeshyre. Elye.

¶ Laycetre. Huntyngdon. Northampton. Hertford. Bedford. Bokyngham. Oxynford. Lyncolne. Lyncolne

¶ Gloucetur. Worcetur. Wigorn̄. ¶ Herfordshyre. Herford. ¶ Chesshyre. Shropshyre. ꝑte of Lācashire. Chestre.

¶ Yorkeshire. Stafordshire. Darbishire. Notynghamshyre. and oder as parte of Lancastreshire. Yorke.

Prouẏnces of England.

Caunturburi. and Yorke. Stafford. Darby Notingham. Northumberlonde. Durham. Westmerlond. Tendale. Karlile

Here in thys booke folowyng is determyned the lynage of Coote armuris: and how gentilmen shaƚƚ be knowyn from vngentiƚƚ men. and how bondeage began first in aungeƚƚ and after succeded in man kynde. as it is shewede in processe boothe in the childer of Adam and also of Noe. and how Noe deuyded the worlde in .iij. partis to his .iij. sonnys. Also ther be shewyd the .ix. colowris in armys figured by the .ix. orderis of aungelis. and it is shewyd by the forsayd colowris wych ben worthy and wych ben Royaƚƚ. and of rigaliteis wiche ben noble and wich ben exellent. And ther ben here the vertuys of chyualry and many other notable and famowse thyngys to the plesure of noble personys shaƚƚ be shewyd as the werkys folowyng witteneses who so euer likyth to se thaym and rede thaym wych were to longe now to rehers. And after theys notable thyngꝭ aforesayde folowyth the Blasyng of aƚƚ maner armys in latyn french and Englisħ.

¶ Incipit Liber armorum.

Beyng in worthenes aarmes for to beere by the Royaƚƚ blode in ordynance all nobuƚƚ and gentyƚƚ men from the hyest degre to the lawyst ī thys booke shaƚƚ be shewed. and to deseuer Gentilnes from vngentilnes. ¶ In so moche thatt aƚƚ gentilnes cummys of god of heuyn. at heuyn I wyƚƚ begyn where were .x. orderis of aungelis and now stonde bot .ix. in coote armuris of knawlege encrowned fuƚƚ hye with precious stones. where lucifer with mylionys of aungelis owt of heuyn feƚƚ vnto heƚƚ and odyr places and ben holdyn ther in bondage. and aƚƚ where creatid in heuyn of gentiƚƚ nature. A bonde man or a churle wyƚƚ say aƚƚ we be cummyn of adam. So lucifer with his cumpany may say aƚƚ we be cummyn of heuyn. ¶ Adam the begynnyng of man kynde was as a stokke vnsprayde and vnfloreshed. and in the braunches is knowlegge wiche is rotun and wiche is grene.

How Gentilmen shall be knawẏn from churlis & how theẏ first began. And
how Noe deuẏdẏd the world in .iii. partit to his iii sonnẏs.

Now for to deuyde gentilmen from chorlis in haast it shaƚƚ be preued. Ther was neuer gentilman nor churle ordenyd by kynde bot he had fadre and modre. Adam and Eue had nother fadre nor modre. and in the sonnys of Adam and Eue war founde bothe gentilman and churle. By the soonnys of Adam and Eue Seth Abeƚƚ and Cayn deuyded was the royaƚƚ blode fro the vngentiƚƚ. A brother to sley his brother ꝯtrary to the law where myght be more vngentelnes. By that did Cayn become a chorle and aƚƚ his ofspryng after hym by the cursyng of god and his owne fadre adam ¶ And Seth was made a gentilman thorow his fadres and moderis blissyng. And of the ofspryng of Seth Noe come a gentilman by kynde ¶ Noe had .iij. sonnys begetyn by kynde. by the modre .ij. were named Cham and Sem. and by the fadre the thirde was namyd Iafeth. Yit in theys .iij. sonnys gentilnes and vngentilnes was founde ¶ In cham vngentilnes was founde to his owne fadre doon̄ to discuuer his preuytes and laugh his fadre to scorne ¶ Iafeth was the yongist and repreued his brodre. Than like a gentilman take mynde of Cham. for his vngentilnes he was become a chorle: and had the cursyng of god and his fadre Noe. And whan Noe awoke he sayde to Cham his sonne: knowyst nott thow how hit become of Cayn Adam soon: and of his churlisħ blode. Aƚƚ the worlde is drownde saue we .viij. And now of the to begynne vngentilnes and a cause to destroye vs aƚƚ: vppon the hit shaƚƚ be & so I pray to god that it shaƚƚ faƚƚ. Now to the I gyue my curse wycked kaytife for eu̇. and I gyue to the: the north parte of the worlde to drawe thyn habitacion for ther shaƚƚ it be. where sorow and care colde and myschef as a churle thow shalt haue. in the thirde parte of the worlde wich shaƚƚ be calde Europe that is to say the contre of churlys.

¶ Iafeth eū heder my sonne thow shaƚƚ haue my blissing dere ī stede of Seth Adam son I make the a gentilman to the weste parte of the worlde. and to the occident ende: where as welth and grace shaƚƚ be. ther thyn habitacion shaƚƚ be. to take that other therde parte of the worlde which shaƚƚ be calde asia that is to say the contre of gentilmen. ¶ And Sem my son also a gentilman I the make to multipli abellis blode that so wykkedli was slayn. the oryente thow shalt take that other theirde parte of the worlde which shaƚƚ be calde affrica. that is to say the contre of tempurnes.

¶ Of the ofspryng of the gentilman Iafeth come Habraham Moyses Aron and the profettys. and also the kyngꝭ of y^e right lyne of mary. of whom that gentilman Ihesus was borne very god and man: after his manhode Kyng of the londe of Iude & of Iues gentilman by is modre mary prynce of Cote armure.

How longe Cote armures wer begunne afore thẏncarnacion of owre lorde
Ihesu crẏst.

Iafeth made first Barget and ther in he made a baƚƚ in token of aƚƚ the worlde. and afterwarde .ij^m. yere and .xviij. before thyncarnacion of Criste: Cote armure was made. and figurid at the sege of troye where in gestys troianorum it teƚƚith thatt the first begynnyng of the lawe of armys was. the wiche was effugured and begunne before any lawe in the worlde. bott the lawe of nature. and before the .x. cōmawndementis of god

¶ And thys lawe of armys was grounded vppon the .ix. orderys of angelis in heuen encrowned with .ix. dyueris precious stonys of colowris and of vertuys dyueris. also of them ar figurid the .ix. colouris in armys. as in nowmbre to begynne the first stone is callid Topasion

¶ Primꝰ lapis
The first stone is calde Topasion signẏfiẏng golde in armẏs.

¶ This stone Topasion is a semy stone. and golde it is calde in armys. The vertue ther of is: that the gentilman the wiche thys stone in his cote armure berith a fare messangere in his kyngꝭ batyƚƚ shaƚƚ be. The wich stone is reẜued in the angelis crowne that was a trwe massanger and a sure in his kyngꝭ batayƚƚ of heuen whan they faught with Lucifer

¶ Secūdꝰ lapis
The secunde stone is cald Smaragdus a grauelẏ stone signifiẏng vert in
armẏs

¶ The secunde stone is calde Smaragdus a grauell stone. &̄ vert it is calde in armys. The vertu ther of is: that the gentylman the wich in his cote armure it berith kene and hardy in his kyngꝭ bateƚƚ shaƚƚ be. the wiche stone is reserued in tharchangelles crowne that was kene and hardy in his kyngis bataile of heuen whan thei faught with lucifer

¶ Tercius lapis
¶ And this stone is calde brusk colore ī armẏs

¶ The thirde ston̄ is calde an Ametisce a dusketli ston̄ brusk hit is calde in armys. The vertu ther of is: that he the wich berith in his Cotearmur that stone. fortunable of victori ī his kīges batayƚƚ shaƚƚ be. the wich stone is reserued to the virtutys crowne that was fortunable and victoriows in his kyngꝭ batail of heuen whan thay faught with Lucifer

¶ Quartus lapis
¶ And this stone is calde plūbẏ color ī armẏs

The .iiij. stone is calde a Margarete a clowdy stone Plumby hit is calde in armys. The vertue ther of is. what gentilmā that ī his Cotearmure that stone berith grete gou̇nawnce of chiualrie in his kyngys batayƚƚ he shaƚƚ haue. the wich stone is reẜued in the potestatis crowne that was cheualrius of gou̇naunce in his kyngys batayƚƚ of heuyn whan thay faught with Lucifer

Quintus lapis
¶ A loẏs is calde sinamer or sanquine ī armẏs

¶ The .v. ston̄ is calde a Loys. a sanquine stone or sinamer hit is calde in armys. The vertue therof is: the gentilman thatt in his Cotearmure this stone berith myghtifuƚƚ of power in his kyngys batayƚƚ shaƚƚ be. the which stone was reserued in dominacionys crowne that was myghtifuƚƚ of powere in his kyngys bataiƚƚ of heuyn whan thei faught with Lucifer

Sextus lapis
¶ And thẏs stone is calde gowlẏs in armẏs

¶ The .vi. stone is calde a Ruby a redly stone. gowlys it is calde in armys. the vertue therof is. the gentylman that ī his Cotearmure that stone berith hote and fuƚƚ of corage in his kyngys batayƚƚ shaƚƚ be. the wich stone is reserued in the principatis crowne that was hote brinnyng as fire in his kyngys batayƚƚ of heuyn whan thay faught with Lucifer

¶ Septimꝰ lapis
¶ A blue stone it is & it is cald asure ī armẏs

The .vij. stone is calde a Saphyre a blew stone Asure hit is calde in armys. The vertue therof is. the gentilman that in his Cotearmure berith that stone: wyse and vertues in his werkyng in his kyngꝭ batayƚƚ shaƚƚ be. the wich is reserued to tronꝰ crowne that was wyse and vertues in his kyngys batayƚƚ of heuyn whan they faught with Lucifer

Ottauꝰ lapis
¶ This stone is blake and it is called Sabull

¶ The .viij. ston̄ is a Dyamond a blake stone. Sable it is calde in armys. The vertue therof is. what gentilman that ī his Cotearmure thatt stone berith: durabuƚƚ & vnfaynt in his kyngys batayƚƚ he shaƚƚ be. The wich stone was reserued ī the cherubyns crowne that was durable &̄ vnfaynt in his kyngys batayƚƚ of heuyn. whan thay faught with Lucifer

¶ ixꝰ lapis
¶ A shinẏng ston̄ and is calde Siluer ī armẏs

The .ix. stone is calde Carbuncle a shynyng stone. Silu̇ hit is calde in armys. The vertue therof is: what gentilman y^t in his Cotearmure this stone berith. fuƚƚ dowghti glorious & shynyng in his kyngys batayƚƚ he shaƚƚ be The wich stone was reserued in the Serophyns crowne: that was fuƚƚ doughti gloriꝰ & shinīg ī his kīgꝭ batayƚƚ of heuyn whan thei faught w^t Lucifer

¶ Of the diu̇se coloreis for the feld of cotearmuris .v. bene worthẏ and
.iiii. bene Roẏall

Ther be .ix. dyu̇se coloris for the felde of Cotearmuris v worthy & .iiij. Royaƚƚ. The .v. worthy be theys: Golde verte Brusk Plumby & Synam. And the .iiij. Royaƚƚ be theis: Gowlis Asure Sable & Siluer Bot now aft blaseris of armys ther be bot .vi. coloris of y^e wich .ij. be metaƚƚ & iiij. coloris. Golde &̄ Silu̇ for metaƚƚ. vert Goulis Asure & Sabuƚƚ for coloris. & theys be vsid and no moo.

¶ Of nine preciꝰ stonis .v. be noble & .iiii. of dig

¶ Ther be .ix. precious stonys .v. noble & .iiij. of dignite The .v. noble stonys be theys Topasion Smaragmat Amatisce Margaret & Aloys. The .iiij. of dignite be theys Rubi Saphyr Dyamond and Carbuncuƚƚ

¶ Of thorderis of āgelis .v. be ierarch & .iiii. trō

Ther be .ix. orḋys of angelis .v. Ierarchie. & .iiij. Trōly The v. Ierarchye be theys: Angelis Archangelis virtutes Potestates &̄ dominacoēs The .iiij. Tronli be theys Principatꝰ Trony Cherubyn and Seraphyn.

¶ v. of the dignites of regalite be noble & .iiii. &ċ

¶ Ther be .ix. dignites of Regalite .v. noble and iiij excellent The .v noble be theys Gentilmā Squier Knyght Baron and Lorde. And .iiij. excellēt be theis Erle Mark Duke and Prynce

Nẏne vertues of preciꝰ stonẏs

Nyne vertues of preciꝰ stonys ben ther .v. generaƚƚ and iiij. speciaƚƚ The v. geṅaƚƚ ben theys A sure messenger Kene & hardy fortunat of victori Cheualriꝰ of gou̇naunce &̄ myghtifuƚƚ of power The .iiij. speciaƚƚ be theis: hote of corage wyse & redy & vertues in werkyng Durable & vnfaynt fuƚƚ doughti & gloriose shynyng.

¶ The .iiii. vertues of cheualrẏ

Fowre vertues of cheualry ben ther: The first is iuste in his beestis. clennes of his ꝑsone. peti to haue of the poore. to be gracious to his presoṅ. to be reuerent and faythfuƚƚ to his god The secunde is that he be wyse ī his bataiƚƚ. prudent ī his fightīg knowyng & hauyng mynde ī his wittis. The .iij. is y^t he be nott slow ī his werris loke be fore y^t his q̄riƚƚ be true thanke god euer of his victory & for to haue mesure ī his sustināce. The iiij is to be strōg &̄ stedfast ī his gou̇nāce. to hope to haue y^e victory And vode not frome the felde and not to shame his cote armure. Also that he be not to bostfuƚƚ of his manhod Loke that he be curtes lowly and gentiƚƚ and with owte rebawdry in his langage.

Here shall be shewed the .ix. artikelis of gentilnes. v of them ar
amorows and iiii soueraẏn

¶ Ther be .ix. artycles of gentilnes. and of theym .v. bene amorows. and .iiij. soueren. The .v. amorows gentilneses ben thees Lordeli of cowntenawnce Treteable in langage Wyse in his answere Perfite in gouernawnce. and Cherefuƚƚ to faythfulnes. The .iiij souerayn gentilneses ben theis Fewe othes in sweryng. Boxom to goddis byddyng. Knowyng his owne birth in beryng. and to drede his souerayn to offende.

¶ Ther be ix. vices contrarẏ to gentilmen

¶ Ther ben .ix. vices contrari to gentilmen of the wiche .v. ben indetermynable and iiij. determynable The .v. indetermynable ben theys: oon to be fuƚƚ of slowthe in his werris. an other to be fuƚƚ of boost in his manhode. the thride to be fuƚƚ of cowardnes to is enemy. the faurth to be fuƚƚ of lechri ī his body. & the fifthe to be fuƚƚ of drynkyng &̄ dronckunli. Ther be .iiij. determynable: on is to reuoke is own̄ chalange. an other to sley his presoner with his own̄ handis. the thride to voyde from his soueraygnes baner in the felde. and the fifthe to teƚƚ his soueraygne fals talys

¶ Ther be .ix. īestimable reioẏngis in armẏs

¶ The .ix. inestimable reioyngꝭ of armys ben theys

First is a gentilman to be made a knyght ī the felde at batiƚƚ ¶ The secunde is lyuelode of hym to resayue after manhode The .iij. is cheualry to do by fore his soueren ¶ The .iiij. is ambassatt to be put in his honde for wisdom. ¶ The .v. is proues of knyghthode done be fore alioundis ī honor of renowne. ¶ Theys be calde in armys the .v. autentyke Now folowith the .iiij. endyng stremytallis personaƚƚ ¶ The first is a poore knyght to be maried to the blode Royaƚƚ ¶ The secunde is to haue thanke of his souereyn perpetuaƚƚ. ¶ The .iii. is to kepe his Cote armure vnshamyd in triaƚƚ ¶ And the .iiij. is to kepe aƚƚ poyntis of is knyghthod as gestys troianorum declarith.

Knaw ẏe that theis ii. orderis wer. first wedlok & then knẏhthode. and
knẏhthode was made before Cote armure was ordened.

¶ Ther was non order bot .ij. wedloke first and knyghthod after. A knyght was made before ony cote armure. and Olybion was the first knyght that euer was. Asteriali his fader come bi the right lyne of that gentilman Iafeth and saw the peple multiplie & had no gouerner And the cursed peple of Sem wered ayenys them Olibion was the stryngest and the manfullest man in his tyme And the peple cried on̄ Olibion to be theyr maister and their gou̇ner A thowsand men wer than multiplied of Iafethis lyne. Asteriaƚƚ made to his son̄ a garlande abowte his hede of .ix. diueris preciouse stonys in tokenyng of chyualri to be a gou̇ner of a .M. men. &̄ vnto thys same day y^e kīgꝭ haue his name ī latē y^t is as moch to sai y^e gou̇ṅ of .i^m. mē Olibion knelyd to Asteryaƚƚ his fader and askyd his blissyng. Asteryaƚƚ toke Olibions swerde that was Iafethis fawlchon̄ that Tubaƚƚ made be fore the floode: and smote flatlyng .ix. tymys vppon the ryght shuldre of Olibion in tokenyng of the ix. vertuys of the forsayde precious stonys and gaue him his blissing with a charge to kepe the .ix. vertuys of charyte now foloyng as ye shaƚƚ here.

¶ Theis be the charges or artikelis that euerẏ knẏght shlude kepe bẏ the
dignẏte of his order & theẏ be ix. v. temꝑall and iiii goostlẏ

Ther be .v. temperaƚƚ u̇tuys & .iiij. gostly u̇tuys of charite the .v. temꝑaƚƚ vertuys be theys. he shaƚƚ not turne his backe to his enemy for to flee. The .ij. is that he shaƚƚ truly holde his promyse to his frende: and also to his foo. The .iij. is he shaƚƚ be free of mete and drinke to aƚƚ his meny a boute him The .iiij. is he shaƚƚ vpholde maydonys ryght. The .v. is that he shaƚƚ holde vp wydoys ryght. Theys be the .iiij. vertuys of charite goostly. The first is: he shaƚƚ honoure his fader and his moder. The .ij is he shaƚƚ do noon harme to the poore. The .iij. is he shaƚƚ be mercifuƚƚ. The .iiij. is he shaƚƚ holde with the sacifice of the grete god of heuyn. And than Asteryaƚƚ did make to Olibion a targett of Olyfe tree with iij. corneris .ij. a bouen is face and oon downe to the growndwarde. in tokenyng that thys Olibion̄ was the cheue of aƚƚ the blode of the .iij. sonnys of Noy By the Olif tree he vnderstode victery for to wyn̄ By the poynt of his target to the grownde the cursed brothir Cham By the corner of his target a bouen firtherest that other brothir Sem. That othir corner next to hym selfe betokenyth that gentilman Iafeth the blissed brothir of whome god and man come by right lyne

¶ The maner of knẏghthodis ben .ii. oon with the Swerde An other with
the Bath

Ther be .ij. maner of knyghthodes oon with the swerde and an other with the bath The bath is the worthest by cause of iiij. Royaltes. Oon is whan an vnaged prynce is made knyght or be crouned kyng The secunde is whan a Kyng or an Emperoure is crowned. The thyrde is whan a quene or an Emperis is crowned. The iiij. is whan a Kyng or an Emperowre cum to speke with an other of dyuerse londys

Nẏne maner of gentẏlmen ther bene

¶ Ther is a Gentylman of Auncetre and of blode ¶ And ther is a Gentylman of bloode ¶ Ther is a Gentylman of Cootearmur: and theos be .iij Oon of the Kyngys bage. An other of a lordeship. And the therde is of the kyllyng of a Saryson̄ ¶ And ther is a gentylman vntryaƚƚ ¶ And ther is a gentylman Ypocrafet ¶ And ther is a gentylman Sperytuaƚƚ ¶ Ther is also a gentylman sperituaƚƚ and temperaƚƚ. and aƚƚ theys ben more playnly declared in thys booke

¶ Gentilmen be calde .iiii. maner of wẏse one of awncetreis and iii of
Cotearmure

Ther be .iiij. diuerse maner of gentilmen. Oon his a gentylman of awncetreys: wich muste nedis be a gentilman of blode. Ther be .iij. gentilmen of Cotearmure and not of blode Oon is a gentylman of Cotarmure of the kynges bagge. that is to say his deuice by an herawd Igouen̄. An other gentilman of Cotarmure is and not of blode a kyng geuyng a lordshipp to a yoman vnder his seaƚƚ of patent to hym and to his eyrys for euer more he may were a Cotarmure of the same lordshipp The thride his a yoman cristenyd yif he kiƚƚ a gentylman sorsyn he may were the sarsinys Cotarmure and noo sarsyn a sarsynis cotarmure nethir cristennys cotarmure bi feghtyng in noo wyse Yit sum men say that a cristen man ouercomyng a cristen man feghtyng in the list shaƚƚ bere the cotarmure of him that is ouer comyn. Or if a souereyn kyng make of a yoman a knyght that same knyght is a gentylman of blode by the royalte of the kyng and of knyghthood

¶ A gentẏlman spirituall

¶ Ther is a gentylman a churle sone a preste to be made and that is a spirituaƚƚ gentylman to god and not of blode. Butt if a gentylmannys sone be made preste he is a gentilman both spirituaƚƚ and temperaƚƚ. Criste was a gentilman of his moder behalue and bare cotarmure of aunseturis. The .iiij. Euangelist berith wittenese of Cristis warkys in the gospeƚƚ with aƚƚ thappostilles. They were Iewys and of gentylmen come by the right lyne of that worthy ꝯqueroure Iudas machabeus bot that by succession of tyme the kynrade feƚƚ to pouerty. after the destruccion of Iudas Machabeus and then they feƚƚ to laboris &̄ ware calde no gentilmen. and the .iiii. doctoris of holi chirch Seynt Ierom Ambrose Augustyn and Gregori war gentilmen of blode and of cotarmures

¶ Also the diuisionẏs of cotarmuris be .ix. thatt is to witt .v. perfẏte
and .iiii. vnperfẏte

Ther be .ix. dyuisionis of cotarmures .v. perfite & .iiii. vnperfite. The .v. perfite be theys. Termynaƚƚ Collateraƚƚ Abstrakte Fixaƚƚ and Bastard.

¶ Diferens Enbordẏng

¶ Termynaƚƚ is calde in armys aƚƚ the bretheren of right lyne hethir by fadre or by modre may bere the right heyris cotarmure with a differens calde Enbordyng

¶ Dẏferans Iemews

¶ Collateraƚƚ is calde in armys the sonnys of the bretheren of the right heyre beryng the cotarmuris of theyr faderis with a dyfferans Iemews

¶ Diferens molet

¶ Fixaƚƚ in armys is calde the thirde degre by the rightlyne from the right heyre by line male. thay may bere there faderis cote armure with a differans molet

Diferans countertreuis

¶ The bastarde of fixaƚƚ shaƚƚ bere his faderis cotarmure counturtreuys. that is to say what so euer he berith in his felde he shaƚƚ bere in the colowris dyuerse and no more

How ther be .iiii. cotarmurẏs imperfite and be borẏn wẏth owte diferans

Ther be .iiij. cotarmuris vnperfite: and be borne with owte differance. The first cotarmure is if a lordshipp a fore sayde be gouen vnder patent bi the kyng. and if he die with oute heyr his cotarmure is Idon̄.

¶ The secunde is the cotarmure of the kyngꝭ gyfte yif he dye with owte heyr his cotarmure is done. and yif theys .ij. cotarumuris haue vsshew forth: the fith degre of theam bering lyne by male be gentilmen of blode by lawe of armys

¶ The threde cotarmure of the Sarsyn yif the cristyn man dye with owte vsshew his cotarmure is done. and if he had vsshew forth vnto the fith degree from him by right lyne of vsshew male he is a gentylman of blode

¶ The fawrith cotarmure of the chefe blode yif he dye with owte ony vsshew the hole cotarmure is lost than it fallith to be a cotarmure of thymperfite beryng with a differans

¶ Aƚƚ the bastardis of aƚƚ cotarmuris shaƚƚ bere a fesse Sū caƚƚ hit a baston̄ of oon of the .iiij. dignites of colouris. excepte the bastarde of the fixiales and the bastarde of the brethyrne of the cheue blode where theritaunce is deparded to eu̇ych brothir e like moch theys bastardis shaƚƚ adde more bagy to his armys or take a way a bagy of armys

Note here well who shall gẏue cotarmures

¶ Ther shaƚƚ none of the .ix. orduris of regalite bot aƚƚ onli the soueregne Kyng geue cootarmur. for that is to hym improperid bi lawe of armys. And yit the kyng shaƚƚ nott make a knyght with owte a cootarmure by fore.

Eu̇y knyght cheftayn ī the felde mai make a cootarmur knight

In how manẏ places a knẏght maẏ be made

A Knyght is made in .v. dyuerse placis In musturing in londe of werris. In Semblyng vnder baneris. In listys of the bath And at the sepulcur

¶ A lassed cotarmure is on the moderis parte

¶ A lassed cootarmure is calde the coote of a gentylwoman hauyng lyuelode weddyd to a man hauyng noo cootarmure. hir sone may were hir cootarmur with a differance of armys duryng his liue by the curtesy of law of armys. and his sone shaƚƚ none bere bot so be that the gentylwoman be heyr or next of blode to that cootarmure. Or ellis beyng hir byrth of the blode Royaƚƚ and than shaƚƚ hir heyre bere hir cootarmure

How Gentẏll men be made of Gromis that be nott of cootarmure nether
blode and theẏ be cald vntriall and apocrifate as hit shewith foloẏng

Ther be .ij. dyuerse Gentylmen made of gromys: that be nott gentilmen of cotearmure nother of blode. Oon is calde in armys a gentylman vntriaƚƚ that is to say made vp emong relygyous men as priorys Abbottis or Bysshoppis. That other is called in armys a gentiƚƚ man appocrifate that is to say made vpp and gouyn to him the name and the lyueray of a gentylman.

¶ In armẏs be vi diferences that is to saẏ ii. for excellent and iiii.
for nobullẏs

Ther be .vi. Differences in armys .ij. for thexcellent. and .iiij. for the nobles. Labeƚƚ and Enborduryng for lordis. Iemews Molettys Flowre delyce and Quyntfoyles for thee nobles.

In blasẏng of armẏs be .ix. quadrattis that is to saẏ .v. quadrate
finiall and iiii. Roẏall

In blasyng of armys ther be .ix. quadrattis for to consider .v. quadrate finiaƚƚ and .iiij. Royaƚƚ. Fyue quadrate finiaƚƚ be theys. Gereri. Gerundi. Fretly. Geratly. and Endently.

¶ Gereri is called in armys whan cootarmuris ar .ix. quarteris dyuerse colowris. ¶ Gerundi is called in armys whan the cootarmure is of .ix. dyuerse colowris: &̄ a fusitarget with in the cootarmure of whatt colowre that hit be of ¶ Fretly is calde ī armys whan the cootarmure is counterfesid

¶ Geratly is calde in armys whan the cootarmure is powderd Bot a blaisar shaƚƚ not say he berith Ermen. Siluer powderd with Ermen Bot he shaƚƚ say he berith Ermen or ellis in sume armys he muste say demy Ermen: wich is to sai whitli Ermen

In so moch that ī the fifthe quadrat finiaƚƚ hit is determyned of the tokenys of armys. or I procede to hit: is shewed whatt maner of tokeny a gentyƚƚ man may weer.

A gentilman mai not weer tokynys of armys bot of steinīg colowre. that is to say his cootarmure ynyat or ellis I geratt with preciouse stonys

Gerattyng haue .ix. bagges of cootarmuris. First with croslettis. and of theym ther be .iiij dyuerse. and tho bene theys Cros fixyly. Cros paty Cros croslettis. and Cros flory ¶ The secunde bage is flowre delyce. ¶ The threde baage is roslettys ¶ The fowrith baage is prymarose. ¶ The fifthe baage is quynfolis. ¶ The sexthe baage is diaclys ¶ The seuenith baage is chappelettys ¶ The .viij. baage is Molettys. ¶ And the .ix. baage is Cressauntis that is to say halfe the moone. theys be powderygis of cootarmuris.

¶ The fifthe quadrate is calde Endently of .iij. diu̇se weis that is to say bebally lentally and fyesly. ¶ Bebally is calde ī armys whan a cotearmure is calde Endentyde of .ij. dyuerse colowris in the length of the cotearmure ¶ Lentalli is calde in armys whan y^e cootarmure is Endentid with .ij. dyuerse colowris in the berde of the cootarmure ¶ Fyesly is called in armys .iij. manere weys Fesybagy fesy target and fesy generaƚƚ.

Fesy bagy is whan tokenys of armys be disseiuered from the cheef of the cotearmure to the right spleyer in the feelde

¶ Fesy target is whan a scogion̄ or an engislet is made in the mydduƚƚ of the cootarmure. ¶ Fesy generaƚƚ is calde in armys whan the cootarmure is Endentid with .ij. dyuerse colouris from the laste poynt of the cootarmure to the spleyer The chefe is calde in armys the myddys of the cootarmure of the right syde. Quadrat is calde in armys whan the felde is set with sum tokyn of armys. ¶ A quadrant finaƚƚ is called in armys whan the felde is discolourid with tokenis of armys hauyng no beest in the felde.

A Quadrant Royaƚƚ is calde whan the feelde occupyeth y^e token of a beest or ony other tokyn set with in the coōtarmure to the nowmbre of fiue.

¶ The first quadrant is oon tokyn of armys allonli sett and whatt after his byrthe he beerith.

¶ The secunde quadrant Royaƚƚ is beryng in his cootarmur iij. thyngꝭ calde the tokenys of armys. that is to say iij. flowredelice in fylcyals .iij. rosis .iij. chapplettis iij. lebardis .iij. lyonys. and so the .iiij. quadrat Royaƚƚ is to bere a beest Raunpande: bebaly. lentally. and fessely.

Here shall be shewed what Cootarmuris restrẏal ben and weer the blaser
shall begẏn to blase.

Thre cootarmuris be ther called restryaƚƚ in armys. Oon is whan a cootarmure is barri of dyuerse colowris to the poynt. and what colowre the poynt be of. the poynt is the felde. Ther the blaser shaƚƚ begynne.

¶ The secunde cootarmure restriaƚƚ is calde ī armys whan a cootarmure is paly of dyuerse colouris to the poynt. & whatt pale medyƚƚ in the poynt y^t coloure is the felde The blaaser shaƚƚ blase from that colowre to the next coloure pale.

¶ The threde cootarmure restriaƚƚ is calde in armys whan a cootarmure is sentry of dyuerse colowris to the poynt and whatt settre mydyƚƚ in the poynt y^t colowre is the felde. The blaseyr shaƚƚ blase from y^t colowre to the next colowre of the lefte side of the cootarmure and blase the colowre sentri.

Merke what sentre Fixal Mangis Gorgis & other diuerse here now folowẏng
be calde ī armẏs

¶ A Sentre in armys is called stakar of tentis. ¶ Fixiaƚƚ be called in armys mylner pykes. ¶ Mangys be called in armys a sleue. ¶ Gorgys be called in armys water bulgees. ¶ Elynellis be calde in armys .iiij. quadrantis truncholis. ¶ Oglys be calde in armys gonestonys. ¶ Tortlettis be calde in armys wasteƚƚ. ¶ Diaclys be called in armys scopprellys. ¶ Myrris be calde in armys merowris or glasses. ¶ Feons be calde in armys brode arow hedys. ¶ Tronkys be calde in armys any bestys hede or neck Ikytt chagikli a sonder. ¶ Demy is calde in armys halfe a best in the felde. ¶ Countretreuis is calde in armys whan halfe the beest is of oon coloure and that other halfe of an other coloure

¶ Eny cotarmure that berith a crosse to the poynt: the poynte is the felde. as Seynt George berith gollis fowre anglettis of Siluer. bot ayens this rule sum blaseris of armys repungne as hit is shewed in the boke foloyng.

¶ Theis .iij. termys. of. and. with shaƚƚ not be rehersed in armys bot onys any of thaym

¶ Ther be diuerse berẏngẏs of feeldẏs

Dyuerse beryngis of feeldis ther be ¶ Oon is beryng hole felde. hit is clepyd in armys claury ¶ The secūde is berīg too feldis. hit is calde ī armis Coūċli ¶ The threde is beryng too feldis in .iiij. quarteris: hit is calde in armys quarily

¶ Ther bene .iii. cote armurẏs grẏttẏ

Thre cootarmuris grytty ther bene in armys. Oon is called checky that is whan the felde is chekerd with diu̇se colouris