Chapter XX: Epilogue: OF (1)

MOULAVI NAZER USHRUF,

_Editor of the Persian text of the Dabistán, printed in Calcutta_.[271]

In the name of the bountiful and merciful God.

After the praise of God, who is acquainted with things future and invisible, who painted the tables of existence of mankind, and in the Dabistán _exhibited_ the truths of things by the information of names and by the representations of intellect, and put his mark thereupon; who bestowed on man, susceptible of guidance, the pittance of the verse:

“Whom we had taught wisdom from before us.”[272]

He, the unity in whose being all the imaginable unities are lost, and the multitudes of contrary sects and religions are the exhibitions of his attributes.

QUATRAIN.
“Neighbor, companion, and fellow-traveller, all is he;
In the habit of a beggar, and in the satin of a King, all
is he;
He is in the concourse of divisions and concealed in the
mansion of reunion;
By God all is he; certainly, by God, all is he.”

Prayers of the pious, salutations of the saints, sacrifice for the holy spirits of the prophets and apostles, _blessing and peace be upon our prophet and upon them_! who are the guides of the roads, those who walk before us on the ways, parts of the whole.

The meanest of the weak servants in the post of ignorance, taking upon himself to offer a noble present to the lordship of the country of God’s creatures in the empire of positive truths, and of the throne-ornaments belonging to the district of subtilties, represents, that the power of the omniscient and bountiful God (be his majesty displayed and his mercy diffused upon all!), has gratified the species of mankind, according to the exigency of natural genius, and the propensity of mind; and according to the choice of a special rule and the assumption of a particular religious opinion _of each_, in such a manner that a troop, having been invested with the garment of lawful religion, and another people with the golden texture of a convenient doctrine, they may become the manifestations of the lights of his perfect power and glorious miracle, and he knew by immediate knowledge, that such various kinds and cameleon-like forms, by which the inscrutable essence of his majesty can be viewed by glimpses, are means of possessing eternal beatitude, and obtaining the blessings of another world, inasmuch as the meanest of those who acquire the beauties of knowledge having arrived from the defile of ignorance and listlessness to the large expanse of the city of science and knowledge, may enjoy the advantages of concord, friendship, and society with each other.

In this manner, one day, when the discourse fell upon this subject in the service of the master of favour, the head of the sages of the age, the unequalled jewel of the multitude of the possessors of beneficence, the ornament of the council of experience and of success, the splendor of the assembly of the distinction of merit and of happiness, the man of exalted designs, knowing the enigmas of science and wisdom, and endowed with eminent virtues, WILLIAM BAYLEY SAHEB,[273] (may his prosperity be everlasting in the ways of celebrity), I expressed my sentiments as follows: That which embraces the different tenets and sects, demonstrating in what respects they are either agreeing or conflicting with each other, is an object not destitute of difficulty nor of pretension; but the book called _Dabistán_, is incomparable for the assemblage of various tenets, and of general and particular creeds. Direction was therefore given that, as to execute the transcription of such a book is, on account of the errors which may be committed, an object of hesitation and reflection, it should therefore be drawn in the form of print. As obedience to the order of a lord is praiseworthy, necessary, important, and not devoid of various manifest advantages, therefore was printed the beforesaid copy, which is replete with the fundamentals of each religion and sect, and a collection of the dogmas of all creeds and sects explicitly and distinctively, in order to diffuse the useful notes and disseminate the precious gems in such a manner, that the colleagues in study may derive from the reading of this work an abundant advantage, and a sufficient satisfaction. Thus, a multitude of copies in this country, which came under the view of the editor, contained numerous errors, alterations, and contradictions of vicious expressions; afterwards, with extreme care and pains to obtain the authentic copy which had come into my possession from the town of the King of the World (_Delhí_), the doubts and faults have been, as much as possible, discarded, and the editor carried it to a manifest correction. Besides, on account of different idioms and technical phrases of each sect, the understanding and interpretation of frequent expressions of this book were difficult without having recourse to dictionaries; on that account, and for the convenience of those who consider and the utility of those who investigate, the editor, having inquired and examined as much as was possible, by means of the most esteemed books, such as dictionaries, interpretations, and commentaries of the learned of each sect, fixed the meaning _of difficult words_ at the end of this book in some separate leaves, in such a manner that, without trouble and useless prolixity, the brides of those ideas may become manifest upon the exalted bridal seats of intelligence.[274] Moreover, for ranging the vocables, the editor adopted the mode that under the first letter should be placed the chapter, and under the second letter the section, and he appended this vocabulary to the end of the book. He made also a list of errata, and concluded with an epilogue, in order that all those who reason and discuss upon these typical matters, may have the facility of understanding them. Thus, from God we expect grace and certain direction to righteousness and to favour.

[271] See Preliminary Discourse, vol. I. part iii. §2.

[272] Koran, chap. XVIII. v. 64.

[273] William Butterworth Bayley, Esq., now a director of
the Hon. East India Company.――(See Preliminary Discourse,
vol. I. part III. §2.)

[274] This is an allusion to the custom according to which,
when the nuptials of distinguished persons are celebrated,
the bride, in her most magnificent attire is exposed to the
multitude upon an elevated seat, or in a palanquin carried
through the streets.

INDEX

Of proper names and technical terms contained in the three volumes of the English translation of the Dabistan.

* * * * *

The Roman numerals refer to the volume; the Arabic figures to the pages; n. to notes with their number.

Aadil (Mulla) of Kashghar, vol. II. pp. 334, 349, 355.

Aáisha, the favorite wife of Muhammed, III. 57
――accompanies the prophet on an expedition――remains behind on a
night-march――is suspected; censured by Ali, against whom she
conceives great hatred, 100
――called Sidikah――married when nine years old――after Muhammed’s
death the head of a party――wages war upon Ali――taken in
battle――generously treated――dies forty-five years after the
prophet――her traditions of Muhammed, 213.

Aalemgir (see Aureng-zeb).

Aalem al Jabrut, “the world of spirits,” III. 239 n. 2
――the highest empyreal heaven, 248
――the world of power, 267, 269.

Aalem al Malk, “the world of God’s throne,” III. 239 n. 2, 268.

Aalem al Malkut, “the world of images,” III. 239 n. 2.

Aâráf, its various signification, III. 149 n. 1.

Aâyán Kharjíah, “external substances,” III. 231 n. 1.

Aâyán Sabitah, “fixed realities,” III. 223 n. 2., 230 n., 233.

Abab, title of the king of Kohistan, II. 452.

Abád, king, I. 20, 21.

Abád Azád, king of the second dynasty, succeeding the
Mahabadian――retires from the world――his time described, I. 22, 23,
28.

Abadian, a sect of the Persian religion, I. p. 6.

Aban, name of an angel and a month, I. p. 61, 62 n.
――the Angel of Water, 270 n., 296 n.

Abas, son of Muhammed Mirza, king of Persia, II. 146 n. 1.

Abás (Shah), son of Khodábendah Safavi, II. 146
――persecutes the Vahadiahs, III. 23
――attached to the religion of Ali, 24 n. 1
――reduced the Kurjis to order, 138.

Abbasides (Khalifs), the duration and end of their dominion,
II. 450 n.

Abenama, a Saracen, translator of Aristotle, III. 207 n. 1.

Abdal, “Santons,” III. 265 n.

Abd-allah, son of Aamar, governor of Basra, III. 55.

Abdallah, son of Serj, III. 55.

Abdallah, son of Sàd (or Sáid), son of Abu Serh (or Jerh),
III. 55 n. 2.

Abdallah, son of Wahab, son of Saba, II. 356 n. 2.

Abd-alah Kalabi, a Muhammedan theologian, II. 329.

Abdallah Kuteb Shah, sovereign in a part of India, II. 70.

Abdallah Tahir Zavalimin, governor of Khorasan, I. 307.

Abd ’ul Khader, son of Ahdad, succeeds to his father――attacks and
puts to flight Zafir Khan, III. 45, 46
――submits to Shah Jehan, 47
――date of his death, _ibid._

Abdal mothleb, an ancestor of Muhammed, clears the well of Zemzem,
near Mecca, III. 15 n.

Abd ’ul Kader Bédávani, an interlocutor with Abu ’l Fazil, III. 96.

Abdul Latif Khaja, a distinguished personage of Maverah ul Naher,
III. 99
――his opinion upon sayings concerning Muhammed, 100.

Abdullah, father of Miyán Báyezid, III. 27, 28.

Abd-ul Malik Atás, an Ismâilah, protector of Hassan Sabah, II. 429.

Abdul Nabi, a distinguished lawyer of the Sonnites, under the reign
Akbar, declares the taking of nine wives to be legal, III. 87.

Abd ul rahmen ben Ahmed Jami (Mawlana), II. 334
――a short account of him, _ibid._, n. 1, 344.

Abd-ur-rahmen, a Maâviah, founder of the dynasty of Ommiades, in
Spain, II. 361 n. 1.

Abdur-Rahman, son of Maljam, the assassin of Ali, II. 357 n. 2.

Abhi Chand, translator of a part of the Mosaic book, II. 299, 300.

Abhimana, selfish conviction, II. 10 n. 3.

Abhyasa, constant repetition, II. 124 n. 3.

Abhyásayoga, contemplation, II. 124 n. 1.

Abi al Abas Kalánasi, a Muhammedan theologian, II. 329.

Ab-i-zur, “Water of Power,” I. 331.

Abtin, of the lineage of Jemshid, I. 88.

Abtin, receives instructions from Jemshid, I. 194.

Abu Abd allah Jabr, ben Abd allah al Ansari, III. 233 n. 3.

Abu Ali, physician and author (see Avisenna), quoted, I. 13.

Abu Ali, an adherent to Hassan Sabah, sends a body of men to the
relief of the fort Alamut, II. 437.

Abu Ali, Vizír appointed by Hassan Sabah, in Alamut, II. 441.

Abu Ali al Jobbai, master of Abúl Hassan al Ashari, II. 330.

Abu Ali Hussain, son of Abdullah Sina――his history, II. 168
――his birth, 169 n. 1
――cures Amir Nuh――goes to Khorasan, _ibid._
――obliged to fly to Abyuverd――Georgia――cures a love-sick prince,
170, 171
――repairs to Rai――to Kazvin――to Hamdan――becomes a Vizir, 172
――obliged to abscond――raised again to the Vizirat――composes a
great work upon medicine, 173
――is brought to Isfahan――dies in Hamdan, 174 n. 2
――was never in Kachmir, 175.

Abubeker (Khalif), I. 98
――account of his deeds, reign, and death, 98, 99 n. 1; II. 332, 341.

Abu Hashem, the first Muhammedan Sufi, III. 221 n.

Abu Jâtir, Vakil of the invisible Imâm, II. 384.

Abu Jafr Almansor, the second khalif of the Abbasides, II. 398 n. 399.

Abu Jàfre Tusi――his account of the Muhammedan sects, II. 365, 379.

Abu ’l Bashr, name of Gilshah, I. 29.

Abu ’l Fazil (Shaikh), the minister of Akbar, ordered to interpret
several foreign works, III. 92, 93
――author of the Ayin Akbari――murdered by order of the prince
Jehangir, _ibid._ n. 1
――he received the sacred fire from Akbar, 95
――placed confidence in Azar Kaivan, 96
――his opinion about authors of books, _ibid._
――composes a sermon, 101
――writes imperial ordinances, 121, 127
――a book of advice to king Abas Safavi, 136.

Abul Faśel Ahmed ben Mussa al Arbeli, abridged the work _Ihya_ of
Ghazali, II. 350.

Abul Fazil (Rais), conceals Hassan Sabah in his house, II. 429.

Abulfeda, quoted II. 169, 173, 329 n. 1-2, 331 n., 358, 365, 383,
418 n. 2, 430, 433; III. 51 n. 2, 55 n. 1-2, 60 n., 312 n.

Abul Firaj, historian of the Arabs, quoted, III. 66, 106 n. 1.

Abu ’l Hassen, surnamed Lashkir Khan Mashhedi, quoted by the author
of the Dabistán, III. 138.

Abu ’l Hassan Alí Ebn Muhammed Lamiri, the last Vakil of the invisible
Imám, II. 385
――his last will, _ibid._

Abu ’l Hasen Asharî, the founder of a Muhammedan sect, II. 330 n. 1.
――the opinions of this sect, _ibid._

Abul Hassan Sayidi, brings a son of Nazar from Egypt to Almut,
II. 443.

Abul Hassen Suri, III. 282.

Abu ’l Hassan Taherani, surnamed Isfaháni, son of Ghâib baig,
surnamed Jâtímad eddoulah, III. 216.

Abu ’l Kassem, a name of the great prophet Muhammed, and also of
Muhammed, son of Hassan, the last of the twelve Imáms, II. 383 n. 1.

Abulkasim Fandaraski (Mir), adorer of the sun, I. 140.

Abu ’l Kasem Hossain Ebn Ruh Ebn Ali Baher Noubakhti, Vakil of the
invisible Imám, II. 385.

Abu ’l Kasem Kandersaki (Mir), III. 205, 206.

Abu Muhammed Mustapha, in his Life of Gusht-asp, mentions Zardusht’s
works as being very voluminous, I. 224 n.

Abu Muhammed Sahal ben And, surnamed Shosteri or Tosterí, III. 147
n. 1.

Abu Muslem Rázi, judge of Raí, II. 424.

Abu Mussa Jabr, ben Haíían al Sufi, III. 234 n.

Abu Naśr Muhammed Ebn Turkhan al Farabí, III. 170 n. 1.

Abu Nazer Farabí, III. 302.

Abu Sâid al Hassan, son of Hassan, son of Suri, II. 351.

Abu Tamim Moadd Moezzledin allah, the first acknowledged Fatimite
Khalif, makes Cairo in Egypt his capital, II. 418 n. 1.

Abu Teher Ismâil, son of Kayem, the third Fatimite Khalif,
II. 419 n. 1.

Abu Yazid, called Dajál, the anti-Christ, II. 418 n. 2.

Abu Yezid (Bayezid) Taifer Bastami, III. 229 n. 1, 291 n. 1.

Achamana, a rite of the Hindus, II. 60 n. 1.

Ad, an ancient tribe of Arabs, II. 369
――adored four deities, _ibid._
n. 1.

Adab Bhat, a Jnánindra, vol. II. 107.

Adam (book of), the Genesis, II. 299
――a translation of it, from the beginning to chapter VI, verse 8,
in the Persian Dabistán, 300
――Variations therein, after comparison with seven copies of
Arabic, Persian, German, English, and French Bibles, 301, 304.

Adem, “non-entity,” III. 223.

Aderian Shah, “the chief of fires,” I. 330 n. 2.

Adhad eddin al Iji, author of the Mewákif, “stations, posts” (or
theses) of Metaphysics, II. 323.

Aditya, the solar vein, II. 132.

Adi granth, sacred book of the Sikhs, vol. II. 246 n. 1, 254 n. 4.

Adwâr and ikwár, cycles of years, III. 169.

Afâali, “belonging to action,” a kind of divine manifestation,
III. 270.

Aferasdam, raising the breath, II. 135.

Afernigan, funeral repasts, I. 315
――explained, _ibid._ n. 2, 319.

Aflátes (Pilatus), II. 307.

Aflatun (Plato), II. 374 n. 2.

Afrád, “rudimental units,” III. 17.

Afrasiab, king of Turan, extraordinary power of retaining his breath,
II. 130
――concealed in a cavern――taken by Hum――dived into water――drawn out
and killed by Khusro, _ibid._ n. 1.

Agama, a work on sacred science, II. n. 2.

Agastya, a star, and a saint――swallows the sea――makes the waters
subside, II. 34
――his birth, _ibid._ n. 1
――lowers the Vindhya range of mountains, _ibid._

Agathius, quoted, I. 209 n.

Agatho demon, III. 105 n. 1
――an Egyptian king, Knef――the good principle――the inoffensive
serpent――Chetnuph, 106 n.

Aghlan herbi, a chief of the Moghuls――how he punishes the negligence
of two Moghul soldiers, III. 115.

Aghush, the first king of the Arsacides, I. 225 n.

Agni, or Vahni, regent between south and east, II. 219.

Agni chakra, the circle of fire, one of the six regions of the human
body, II. 151.

Agni Pramána, “the professors of fire,” II. 243.

Agnish toma, sacrifice of a goat to Agni, II. 82
――a sacrifice of five days, _ibid._ n. 1.

Ahádis, “traditions,” II. 380 n. 1.

Ahalyá, daughter of Gautama, II. 68.

Ahankara, a sphere, II. 10
――three modes of it, 13.

Ahdad, son of Jelál-eddin, son of Báyezid, receives the title of
Rashid Khan, and is appointed to a command――the date of his death,
III. 47.

Ahinsa, harmlessness, II. 125 n. 9.

Ahmadai of Tiran, a follower of Mazdak’s creed, I. 378.

Ahmed, one of the names of Muhammed, II. 456 n. 2.

Ahmed, son of Nizam ul mulk, sent against the Ismâilahs, II. 439.

Ahmed, surnamed Almistali, son of Montaser, II. 430
――his whole title Abul Kasem Ahmed al mistáli billah, _ibid._ n. 3.

Ahmed Tatvi (Mulla), author of the work Khálasa al hayat, quoted,
II. 160.

Ahnud-jah, the first additional day of the Persian year, I. p. 62 n.

Ahnu Khushi, mechanics, I. 30 n.

Ahrá, name of a nosk of the Zand-avesta, I. 275.

Ahriman, evil demon, I. 9
――emblemed in a hawk, 75
――different statements concerning him, 235, 236 n.

Ahriman, evil principle, produced by Time――anterior to Ormuzd, I.
236 n. 354 and n. 2
――proceeds from apprehension, suspicion, or envy, 357
――to last only for a certain period, 357, 358 and n.
――an associate of darkness, 359.

Ah san Ulla, surnamed Zafer Khan, son of Khájah Abu ’l Hassan
Tabrizi, a Moghul general, acts against Miyán Ahdád, III. 44.

Ahyáyi âlum al din, “the revival of the sciences of faith,” a work
of Ghazáli, recommended for perusal in Akbar’s ordinances, III. 123.

Ajapa, a particular mantra, II. 133 n. 2.

Aid, “feast,” III. 262.

Aid fitr, “the feast of breaking fast,” III. 261 n. 1.

Aid Kurban, “the feast of sacrifice,” III. 264 n. 1.

Ajem explained, I. 146 n. 1.

Aikáb, “vicissitude,” III. 284.

Aín ul Kazat, quoted, III. 262, 263.

Ajnyákhyam, the union of the coronal and sagittal sutures, II. 131.

Aisha Girda, a Sanyási, adept in restraining the breath, II. 147
――skilled in magic and sleight of hand, 148.

Aisia (Jesus), II. 297, 298, 305, 306, 307.

Aisuyah (Christians), II. 308
――their creed, 308, 312
――the ten commandments of God, 312, 313
――five other commandments, 313, 314
――seven sacraments, 315, 316
――authority of the Pope, 317
――Christian virtues, 317, 318
――fourteen gifts of God, 318, 319
――Sins enumerated, 319, 321
――the Gospel translated into different languages, 322.

Ak, asclepias gigantea, II. 80.

Akalis, “the Immortals,” a distinguished class of the Sikhs, II. 288
n. 1.

Akamnath, a Yogí and Saint――believed to have lived two thousand
years――his speeches before Jehangir, II. 116, 117
――went to Mecca――returns to Hindostan, 118.

Akas, ether, II. 39
――space, 40 n. 1.

Akba Abd-ullah, son of Sâd, son of Abi Serj, III. 56.

Akbar (emperor), his code quoted, II. 165.

Akbar, Jelal-eddin, son of Hamayun and of Banu Begam――date of his
birth, III. 49
――permits and provokes religious disputes before him, 50, 97
――his own creed exhibited, 75
――the practices enjoined by him, 83, 86
――establishes the worship of the stars, _ibid._
――secludes a number of children from society, to their fourteenth
year, when they are found to be dumb, 91
――approves the worship of the ancient kings of Persia, 91
――says prayers to the sun, 94
――forbids the killing of cows, 95
――invites fire-worshippers to his court, and establishes the
preservation of perpetual fire, _ibid._
――orders the fixation of a new sentence of profession, 97
――proclaims a new faith, 98
――a new era, 99
――further regulations of Akbar, 102, 103, 104, 121 to 136
――writes a book of advice to king Abas Safavi, 136
――remarkable speech of Akbar, 137
――employs men of all nations in his service, 138.

Akhárah, a Dakhani word for a sort of sacrificial wood, II. 80.

Akhbárin, “dogmatical traditionists,” II. 372 n. 1, 379, 387, 388,
391, 392.

Akhbár Nabi, “History of the Prophets,” quoted, II. 367.

Akhlák Naśeri, “a Treatise upon Morals,” composed by Nasir-eddin,
II. 447 n. 2
――recommended for perusal in Akbar’s ordinances, III. 123.

Akhori, a sect, II. 129.

Akhshater-jah, the fourth additional day of the Persian year, I. 62 n.

Akhshi (Mobed), a Persian, founder of a sect――his epoch――opinion,
I. 208, 209.

Akhshiyan, a sect, I. 208.

Akhtaristan, a work containing the Sipasian tenets, I. 35
――a description of the worship and class of worshippers of each
planet, _ibid._ 35 to 41, 42.

Akhun (Mulla) Derwezeh, author of the _Makhan Afghani_, a compilation
on the ritual and moral practice of Islam, III. 47 n. 1, 48 n.

Akhyár, “the best,” III. 265 n.

Akl, “wisdom,” its various acceptations, III. 141 n. 2.

Akl fâal, “superior wisdom,” III. 181, 202, 203.

Akl Kulli, “the universal spirit,” III. 283.

Akmian, sect who kill and eat men, II. 129.

Akni, the south-east region, II. 35.

Aksa, name of a mosque, II. 339.

Alabek Tóshacin shergir, or Alabek Nushtekin Shergir, a Persian chief
sent against the Ismâilahs, II. 439.

Aladed-doulah, son of Jafer Kakyuah, invites Abu Ali to Isfahan,
II. 173
――conquers the country of Tajed ud dóulah, _ibid._
――employs Avisenna, 174.

Ala eddin Muhammed, son of Jelal eddin Hassan, the seventh ruler of
the Alamutians, II. 447
――date of his death, 448.

Alâdiliats, “the party of the Just,” I. 101 n.

Alámah hallî, “the most learned ornament,” title of a distinguished
theologian, II. 379, 380.

Alamut, a town and fort near Kazvin, II. 433
――besieged by the Umrah of Malik Shah, and defended by Hassan
Sabah, 436
――its name changed into Buldet ul ikbal, 437
――besieged repeatedly by the Persians, 439
――taken and destroyed by the Tartars, 450.

Alar, founder of a sect――an Iranian――his epoch and belief, I. 206.

Alartúsh, name of a Nosk, I. 273.

Alayi, the name of a wind, II. 133.

Alburz, mountain――its situation, I. 22 n. 232 n.
――retreat of Zardusht for consulting Hormuzd, also the abode of
Mithra, _ibid._ and 243 n.

Alep, or Haleb, a town in Syria, II. 432.

Alexander (Sekandr), supposed son of Darab, receives a book of
Zardusht, forming a part of the Desátir, I. 278 n.
――orders Persian books to be translated into Greek, _ibid._
――burnt the Nosks, for which he burns in hell, 279 n.

Alhíyát (Ilahyat) shafa, “hymns of recovery,” III. 207, 218.

Alhulíyat, a school of Súfis, III. 242 n. 1.

Ali, son of Abu Taleb, I. 47, 98
――account of his deeds, reign, and death, 100 n.; II. 332, 341
――acknowledged as Imám and Khalif by the Shiáhs, 362
――a chapter of the Koran, supposed to have been suppressed,
concerning Ali, 368 to 371
――wages war upon Mâaviah――kills with his own hands four hundred
enemies, III. 59 n. 2
――cuts off the head of a seller of onions and garlic, 60
――was libidinous, 62
――Muhammed’s eulogy of Ali, 456 n. 1
――his poems and sayings, _ibid._
――a verse of his quoted, 232.

Ali, the son of Mámun Massar, king of Khórasan, II. 169.

Ali Ebn Abbas, Rumi, an illustrious poet――the date of his death,
III. 123 n. 4.

Ali Ilahian, a sect residing in Kohistan, II. 451
――numerous in India, _ibid._ n. 1
――their creed, 452, 460.

Alíka, “heaven,” II. 127.

Ali Osman ben Ebil Ali el Ghaznavi (Shaikh), III. 265 n.

Ali Sani Amir Saiyid Ali of Hamadan, quoted, I. 90.

Ali Zikrihi-al sálam, surname of Hassan, son of Muhammed, the fourth
ruler of the Alamutians, II. 442
――various versions upon his origin, 443, 444
――he is also called “the resurrection”――institutes a new era by
the festival of resurrection, 445
――is stabbed, 446.

Alkus, or Malkus, an enchanter, I. 314 and n. 1.

Al Melal u alnahal, “the means of curing wearisomeness and
melancholy,” a work of Sheheristáni, II. 323 n.

Almutiah, a class of the Eastern Ismâilahs, II. 420.

Alp Arselan, the second Sultan of the dynasty of Seljucides, II. 425
n. 2.

Al rais, surname of Avisenna, II. 168, 169 n.

Alrang, the angelic world according to the Sipasians, I. p. 86.

Alráshid billah, the thirtieth Khalif of the Abbasides, killed by
the hand of a Fedáyi, II. 442.

Amara-das, second successor of Nának, II. 253, 254 n. 2.

Amara nath, a sect, II. 128.

Ambaret Kant, author of a mystical work, translated by himself into
Persian, II. 137.

Amedat ul matekad, “the Pillar of Believers,” a learned work, II. 351.

_Amézish-i-Farhang_, “intercourse of science,” how the Abadian
Durvishes behaved to society, and to strangers introduced to them,
I. 141, 142, 145.

Ami, “the Illiterate,” title assumed by Muhammed, II. 454 n. 1.

Amíghistan, work quoted, I. 15, 26.

Amir shir Khan, procures liberty to Jengis Khan, when the latter was
a prisoner, III. 114.

Amir ul Múmenín Karan sani, title of the emperor Jehangir, II. 277.

Ammianus Marcellinus, I. 171.

Amr Khaiam, his verses quoted, I. 196.

Amral Kais, son of Hajr, king of the Arabs, a great poet, III. 65
n. 1.

Amrita Sara, a reservoir of water at Rampur or Ramasdur, in the
Panj-ab, II. 254 n. 3.

Amshasfands (six), first celestial spirits after Ormuzd, I. 235 and
n. 237.

Amur Nuh, son of Manzur Samani, cured by Avisenna, II. 169.

Amuzian, the learned, I. 20 n.

Ana Gura Roshni, one of the seven heavens of the Persians, I. 293
n. 1.

Ana hatam, the root of the nose, II. 131 n. 1.

Anahid, a genius, guardian of the germs of Zoroaster’s posterity,
I. 281 n.

Anahid, “free voice,” I. 81.

Ananta, a Vairagi, II. 196.

Ananta Véda, the eternal Véda, II. 18.

Andarímán, follower of the Alarian sect, I. 206.

Andha-tamasa, great darkness, II. 179 n.

_Anga_, part――six angas of Hindu learning, II. 65 n. 1
――enumerated, _ibid._

Angad (Guru), immediate successor to Nanak, II. 253, 254 n. 1.

Anjir dasti, a Persian word for the Indian fig-tree, II. 80.

Aníran, an Angel presiding over the 30th day of the month, I. 62 n.

Anif-eddin Telmesani, III. 232 n. 1.

Ankahísh, name of a Nosk of the Zend-Avesta, I. 275.

Anna-prasanna, a rite of the Hindus, II. 56 n. 2.

Anquetil du Perron, quoted, I. 7 n., 18 n., 60, 61, and elsewhere
――brought from India several Zand, Pehlevi, and Persian
works――published a part of them in French, 223 n., 226 n.
――his account of Zoroaster’s life in chronological order, 280,
281 n.
――as translator of the Zand-Avesta, the principal authority
concerning Zoroaster’s religion.

Ansar, “protector, defender,” III. 27 n. 1, 52 n.

Anśus, “rays,” of Brahma, Vichnu, Mahadeo, II. 218.

Antun Bushuyah Wavaraj, a Frank and Christian, I. 137
――becomes a Kalander――goes about naked――abstemious and humble, 138.

Anvari Sohili, “the Canopian Lights,” Indian work translated into
Persian, I. 104 n.

Anumána, “inference,” II. 203.

Anushkan, a sect of the Persian religion, I. 6.

Apamána, “resemblance,” II. 203.

Apana, “flatulence,” II. 133 n. 1.

Apavarga, “beatitude,” II. 205 n. 6.

Apragraha, “not to ask any thing,” II. 125.

Apu (Apius), name of Esculapius, III. 111 n. 2.

Aradah, numerical quantity, equal to one hundred radah (see radah),
I. 25.

Arafat, a mountain near Mecca, a station of pilgrims to Mecea, III.
257 n. 1.

Aran, a class of Sanyasis, II. 139.

Arang, “the world of divinity” according to the Sipasians, I. 86.

Arani, plant to kindle sacrificial fire, II. 80 n. 1.

Arastu (Imam), arranged the logical science, II. 210.

Arastu (Aristotle), II. 374 n. 1.

Araz, numerical quantity, equal to one hundred raz (see raz), I. 25.

Ard (Ird), angel, presiding over the 25th day of the month, I. 62 n.

Ardai-Viraf, gives an account of heaven and hell, I. 283
――his epoch――follower and defender of Zoroaster’s religion,
_ibid._ n.
――selected by the Mobeds――his soul absent from his body during
seven days――on its return, narration of what had passed, 284 to
304.

Ardehil (town), its ancient name――fire-temple, I. 52.

Ardashir, etymology of the word, I. 304 n. 1.

Ardashir, disciple of Kaivan, I. 104.

Ardashir, a Dostur, brought the Vendidad from Sistan to Guzerat,
I. 223 n.

Ardashir, a follower of Zardusht, called from Persia to Akbar’s
residence, III. 95.

Ardashir, king of Persia, I. 163.

Ardashir, son of Sassan, restores the religion of Zardusht, I. 266
――goes to Kabulistan――erects a monastery, 276 n. 2.

Ardashir Babegan, king of Persia, I. 104
――account of his descent and reign, _ibid._ n. 180
――assembles forty thousand Mobeds around him――selection made among
them, 283.

Ardhanari, a sect, II. 128.

Arjasp, sovereign of Tur, invades Persia――is repulsed by Isfendiar,
I. 191 n. 1
――invades Persia for the second time, _ibid._ and 371
――carries off two daughters of Gushtasp――is killed by Isfendiar,
191 n. 1.

Ardi behesht, name of an angel and month, I. 61, 62 n.
――gives instructions to Zardusht, 241 and n.
――appears in Gushtasp’s palace, 257
――in heaven, 290.

Arirfah, “the ninth day of the moon,” III. 257, 258.

Aristotle, quoted, I. 212 n.
――shows a knowledge of Zoroaster’s works, 224.

Arjunmal, the fourth successor to Nanak, II. 253, 254 n. 4
――collects tribute, 271
――imprisoned by Jehangir, 272
――dies of bad treatment, 273.

_Ariz_, “notary,” I. 156.

Armí, the most western town of Azarbijan, the native place of
Zardusht, I. 263 n. 1.

Arnil, Armal, or Azbil, a place in the East of Kohistan, II. 451.

Arsh, the ninth heaven, III. 161.

Arsh-i-Kerim, “the throne of mercy,” III. 283.

Arshiya, “accountant,” to be attached to a king, I. 155.

Arsh-i-majid, “the throne of glory,” III. 283.

Arslan Shah, or Arslan Tash (Amir), besieges Alamut――put to flight,
II. 437.

Artang, arzhang, a set of pictures, attributed to Mani――opinion of
baron Hammer concerning it, I. 205 n. 3.

Artha, “objects of senses,” II. 204.

Arvand, son of Kái Nishín, I. 88.

Arzabad receives, without injury to his person, molten copper and
brass on his breast, I. 266.

Asamán, angel presiding over the 27th day of the month, I. 62 n.

Asana, particular mode of sitting, II. 125 n. 3, 126.

Asana pancha, “five things,” II. 57 n. 5.

Asaph (or Assat) and Nayelah, two idols, represented by two rocks
near Mecca (called Safa and Marvah), II. 410; III. 15 n.

Asari, “impression,” a kind of divine manifestation, III. 270.

_Asbat_, “confirmation,” I. 136.

Asefnivas, name of Greek sage, II. 160 n. 1.

Ashad, name of a Nosk of the Zand-Avesta, I. 274.

Ashârian, the Muhammedan sect selected for salvation, II. 324, 330.

Ashem Vuhu, a particular prayer, I. 313 n. 1, 319, 321, 325.

Ashíánah (the seven) houses of the earths, II. 346.

Ashnud-jah, the 2nd additional day of the Persian year, I. p. 62 n.

Ashrákin, Ashrakian (Hukma), Platonic philosophers, II. 374
――the ancients, who did not follow the prophet, 389.

Ashrám, a class of Sanyásis, II. 139.

Ashtád, angel presiding over the 26th day of the month, I. 62 n.

Ashu (Surush), angel of Paradise, I. 285.

Ashwan, pure spirits, I. 288.

_Ashudád_, “heaven-bestowed,” I. 335.

Ashur Beg Karamanlu, disciple of Farzanah Bahram, I. 133
――his precepts, 134
――manner of life, 135.

Asia, wife of Pharaoh, III. 51.

Asir eddin Mifazzel, son of Omar al Abheri, III. 218.

Askar, also called Sermenrai, city in Syria, II. 383 n. 1.

Askaram, the 19th Nosk of the Zand-Avesta――its contents, I. 274 n.

Asmání, celestial, I. p. 21.

Aspár, a numerical quantity, equal to one hundred shamár (see Shamár),
I. 24.

Asparam, the 17th Nosk of the Zand-Avesta――its contents, I. 274 n.

Assad Allah al Ghaleb, “the lion of God,” the victorious, I. 98,
100 n.

Astarám, name of a Nosk of the Zand-Avesta, I. 275.

Asta va Zand, Asta wasta, instead of Zand-Avesta, I. 231.

Asterabad, capital of Georgia, II. 372.

Astéyam, not stealing, II. 125.

Aśvamedha, sacrifice of a horse, II. 37
――what understood by it, 38.

Asul Fikah, “the science of the fundamentals of religion and law,”
II. 375 n. 1.

Aśulin, “solid reasoners,” II. 379.

Asúlújía, supposed one of Aristotle’s works (translated into Arabic),
III. 207 n. 1.

Asuras, “demons,” churn the ocean, II. 42 n. 1.

Asurviváha, a form of marriage among Hindus, II. 72.

Atala-loka, one of the fourteen spheres, II. 12
――an infernal region, _ibid._ n. 8.

Atarid, “Mercury,” Muhammed’s arrival at it, III. 247.

Atharva-Veda, II. 64.

Athurnan, name of the first class of the people, I. 18. n.

Atilia, a sect, II. 129.

Ativáhika, “surpassing the wind in swiftness,” epithet of the
subtile body, II. 178 n. 2.

Atmá, “spirit,” II. 204.

Atmáchand, a Sankhya philosopher, II. 123.

Atma-jnani, Indian philosopher, III. 221.

Atma Ráma, a Yogi, known under the name of Bahet Barvang, author of
a mystical work, II. 137.

_Atuni_, an aged matron and recorder of occurrences to the great
princess, I. 170.

Avach hata, “emaciated by abstinence,” II. 241.

Avadhúta, a class of Sanyásis, II. 141.

Avatára, “descent,” II. 17
――explanation of it, 28, 29
――explanation of Avátars by the author of the Dabistán, 30, 31, 32.

Avayava, “a regular argument or syllogism,” II. 207
――consisting of five members, _ibid._ n. 4.

Aubúdiyet, “devotion,” III. 241 n. 2.

Awen Khan, or Ung-Khan (Prester John), a Christian prince, protector
of the fugitive Tamujin, later Jangis-Khan, III. 119 n. 1.

Avidya, one of the five failings, II. 120.

Avisenna (see Abu Ali Sina), his interpretation of Muhammed’s ascent
to heaven, III. 177 to 200.

Avivèchana, one of five failings, II. 120 n. 6.

Aureng zeb, son of Shah Jehan――imprisons his father――his brother――is
proclaimed emperor――defeats Darashiko――orders the execution of the
latter, III. 285 n. 1.

Awtad, “posts or stakes,” III. 265 n.

Ayaá sahrim, the fourth Gáhambar, I. 347.

Ayám, name of a Nosk of the Zand-Avesta, I. 275.

Ayin Shakib, grandfather of Ayin Hosh, translator of the Desnad into
popular Persian, I. 378.

Ayin Hoshpúyár, a follower of Mazdak’s creed, I. 378.

Ayipanthi, a sect, II. 128.

Ayin Shakib, a Mobed, cuts his tongue, I. 186.

Ayin Tush, son of Fartush, kills his father for having mortally
wounded a deer, I. 184.

Ayin vojud, “a real being,” III. 270.

Ayu, “science of medicine,” II. 65 n. 1.

Azád áwa, “free voice,” I. 81.

Azadah, a Brahman, eats with Muselmans, II. 114, 116.

Azad Bahman, “first intelligence,” I. 6, 149 n. 1.

Azar, name of an angel and of a month, I. 61, 62 n.
――appears in Gushtasp’s palace, 257.

Azar Ayin, ancestor of Azar Kaivan, I. 87.

Azarbad, son of Márasfand, I. 238, 304, 305
――his epoch referred to that of Zoroaster, 304 n. 2
――confirms Ardai Viraf’s account by a miracle, 305 n.

Azar Bahram, ancestor of Azar Kaiván, I. 87.

Azar Bahram, the name of the angel of victory, I. 345, 346, and
_ibid._ n. 1.

Azar Barzin, grandfather of Azar Káivan, I. 87.

Azar bijan, the native country of Zardusht, I. 263.

Azar Hóshangian, a sect of the Persian religion, I. 6, 87.

Azar Hushang, “fire of wisdom,” I. 147.

Azaríán, a sect of the Persian religion, I. 6.

Azari-Káus, a fire-temple, I. 52.

Azar Kaivan, author of poems, I. 76, 84, 119
――his lineage, 87, 88
――account of his life and sayings, 89 to 104
――his death, 105
――his twelve illustrious disciples, 119
――called by the emperor Akbar; does not attend him, but sends him
a wonderful book, III. 96.

Azar Khirad, a Mobed, author of a book in which the Nosks of the
Zand-Avesta are enumerated, I. 272.

Azar Khirad, name of a fire-temple, I. 52.

Azar Khurdád, name of a fire-temple, I. 284.

Azar Khurin, ancestor of Azar Kaivan, I. 87.

Azar Mihtar, son of Azar Sásán, ancestor of Azar Kaivan, I. 87.

Azar Nosh, ancestor of Azar Kaiván, I. 87.

Azar Roshni, one of the seven heavens of the Persians, I. 293.

Azár Sásan, the fifth, a prophet, I. 30.

Azar Zertusht, father of Azar Kaivan, I. 87.

Azizi, an author, quoted, I. 82 and n. 1, 89, 96, 101, 154; III. 203.

Aziz Nasfy (Shaikh), III. 252.

Azrail, an angel――his function, II. 337.

Azrawan, guardian angel of the cypress trees――is invoked by Zardusht
to protect the cypress planted by the prophet, I. 309.

Azz-eddin Almoka dessi, author of a poem entitled “The Birds and the
Flowers,” II. 168 n. 1, 338; III. 250 n.

B.

Bábá Jév, son of Hargovind, II. 281
――why he did not succeed his father, 281, 282.

Bábá Piara, founder of a sect, II. 233, 234.

Bábá Rin Haji (also Goraknath), supposed foster-father of Muhammed,
II. 129.

Babeciah, a name of the Ismâilahs, II. 42 n. 1.

Bád, angel presiding over the 22nd day of the month, I. 62 n.
――the 22nd day of the month, 270.

Badakshan, country situated towards the head of the river Oxus, II.
420 n. 1.

Badakshi (Mulla Shah), in Kachmir, II. 115.

Badhata, a disciple of Hargovind, previously a thief, II. 283, 284.

Badih eddin Madar, founder of the sect of Madárins, II. 224 n. 1.

Bagh, the 4th Nosk of the Zand-Avesta, its contents, vol. I. 272 n.

Baghantast, the 15th Nosk of the Zand-Avesta――its contents, I. 274 n.

Baghdád (town), tomb of Musa, I. 48
――its fire-temple, 51.

Bahá-eddin Zakaria (Shiah), III. 29
――a short account of him, _ibid._ n. 1.

Baha ed-doulah, a prince of the Búyi dynasty, II. 173.

Baha ed-doulah, son of Taj ed-doulah, king of Persia, II. 173.

Baharam (planet), Mars, I. 2
――description of his form as planet――angel presiding over the 20th
day of the month, 62
――angel of victory, 345
――his character and functions――under what animals represented,
346 n. 1.

Baha uddin Muhammed Amalí, becomes a disciple of Azar Kaiván, I. 140.

Baháv eddin Muhammed (Shaikh), III. 205.

_Bah din_, “true faith,” I. 232.

Bahidinian, believers of the eternal doctrine, I. 233.

Bahín ferah, “the highest dignity,” a work upon the sanctity of the
stars, III. 110.

_Bahin neshisten_, a particular mode of sitting, II. 104.

Bahman, the name of an angel and of a month, I. 61, 62 n.
――gives instructions to Zardusht, 240
――appears in Gushtasp’s palace, 257.

Bahman, disciple of Kaivan, I. 106
――his fight with Farshid, _ibid._

Bahman, son of Isfendiar, I. 52, 87, 185
――throws Zal into chains, 192
――revenges the death of his father upon Zal, 193 n. 2
――allegories ascribed to him, 361, 362.

Bahman Yesht Pehlvi, an epitome of the true Bahman Zand, the
Apocalypse of the Parsees, I. 264 n. 2, 267 n. 1.

Bahman Yesht Zand, contains an interpretation of the tree of seven
branches, seen by Zardusht in heaven, and other predictions, I. 265
n. 1.

Bahram, governor of Khorassan, I. 186.

Bahram-azar, a fire-temple, I. 47.

Bahram Gur, king of Persia, I. 106
――account of his deeds, _ibid._ n. 1, 107
――one of the seven prophets, 112 n.
――happiness of mankind during his reign, 266.

Bahzad, a celebrated painter, I. 205.

Bahzad, a Yasanian chieftain, his conduct on a march with the army,
I. 161.

Báj, Váj, a rite of the Parsees, I. 296 and n. 318, 319.

Baj-i-hamdastaní, “voluntary contribution,” I. 158.

Báíteriyat, a branch of the Zaydiyat, II. 363 n. 1.

Baitu ’l mâmur, “the house of delightful culture,” in heaven, III.
194.

Baizah, a town in the province of Fars, III. 218 n. 6.

Baizavi, surname of Naśir eddin Abu Said Abdalla Ben Omar, III. 218
n. 6.

Baká, “eternal life,” III. 274.

Bakhta, a place in the east of Kohistan, II. 451.

Bakhshí, “paymaster,” I. 156.

Bakhti, “worship,” II. 176.

Baki Ali (Mirza), quoted, II. 140.

Bakkal, “merchant class,” II. 78.

Bala, “strength,” the killing of animals, II. 153.

Bali, a monarch, sent to hell by Vichnu, II. 22 and n. 1.

Balik Nátha, a great adept in restraining the breath――blesses the
author of the Dabistán, II. 137.

Balkh (town), its situation, I. 48
――its fire-temple, 52.

Balsúkúma, a Telinga word for a sacred tree, II. 80.

Ban, a class of Sanyássis, II. 139.

Bandí, a Vairagi, chief of the Sikhs, II. 288.

Bang, an inebriating beverage, Muhammed the prophet drank of it, II.
222.

Banin, mother of Miyan Bayezid, III. 28.

Barabrissos, or Barbelissos, a plain on the banks of the Euphrates,
III. 60 n.

_Barashnom_, a sort of purification, I. 325 n. 2.

Baratha, brother of Arjunmal, II. 273.

Barbud, a prophet, I. 112 n. 3.

Bardesanes, quoted, I. 335 n. 2.

Barínían, supreme beings, I. 18.

Barkíarok, son of Malik Shah, II. 437
――called also Kassem and Rokn-eddin――his contest with his
step-mother, his half-brother, and two uncles, 438 n. 1.

Bármiânek, a magnificent temple of the Tibitans, II. 291.

Bárnîgárî, “registrar,” I. 156.

Barósu (Ferosu), see Bahman, III. 141.

Baroz, “apparition,” III. 277.

Barsom, a bundle of thirty-five branches of trees, I. 316 n. 319.

Barzakh, “the interval of time between the death and the
resurrection of man,” III. 278, 279, 280.

Barzinkaroos, a sage, educates Zardusht, I. 224, 225.

Barzomchin, a knife with an iron handle, I. 320.

_Bas_, name of the third class of the people, I. 19.

Bastam, a town of Khorassan, III. 229.

Bastami, see Abu Yezid Taifer ben Issa.

Bastan nameh, work quoted, II. 130.

Batardín, “enemies of the faith,” I. 300.

Batenian (The), “interiors,” a class of Ismâilahs, often confounded
with them, II. 400 n. 2
――their creed, 401 to 404
――means they employ to make converts to their faith, 404 to 407
――their interpretation of several religious practices, 408 to 410
――their opinion upon the office of prophet and Imám, 410 to 411.

Báyazid, a disciple of Imám Jafr Sadik, II. 390.

Bayley (William, esq.), patron of the editor and supervisor of the
Calcutta edition of the Dabistán, his eulogy, III. 317.

Bazm-gah-i durvéshan, “the Durvesh’s banquetting-room,” work
composed by Ferzanah Khushi, 104, 108, 119.

Beausobre, quoted, I. 206 n. 373.

Bedr, a place of the valley of the same name, near the sea, between
Mecca and Medina; there Muhammed’s great victory, III. 100.

Bedr al Jemali, Amir Aljíyûsh, commander-in-chief of the Egyptian
troops, II. 430.

Beh din, name of a religious sect, I. 212.

Bellamy (John), his English translation of the Hebrew Bible, II.
301, 302, 303.

Belfour (F. C.), quoted, II. 391 n. 3.

Ben Shonah, surname of Mohib eddin Abu ’l Valid Muhammed, ben Kamal
eddin, al Hanefi, III. 291 n. 1, 312 n.

Bentinck (William, lord), governor-general of India, abolishes the
sacrifice of the widows, II. 76 n. 1.

Beresht, the 9th Nosk of the Zand-Avesta――its contents, I. 273 n.

Berzasp, a disciple of Tahmúras, III. 169.

Bhadra, “August-September,” II. 21.

Bhadram, “right way of worship,” II. 155.

Bhaga, “female organ,” II. 152.

Bhagavat (purana), quoted, II. 15.

Bhairava, a name of Siva, II. 219
――eight Bhairavas, _ibid._ n. 3.

Bharatis, a class of the Sanyàsis, II. 146.

Bhartari, a Jnani, II. 101.

Bharthy, a class of Sanyasis, II. 139.

Bhatakpùr, a place in the hilly country of Afghanistan, sepulchre of
Bayezid, III. 42.

Bhavan (Shaikh), a Brahman, became a Muselman, III. 89.

Bhruva, eyebrows, a region of the human body, II. 132.

Bhum (Mars), see Marikh, vol. II. 44.

Bhurloka, one of the fourteen spheres, II. 12
――one of the three spheres, 13.

Bhuvanas, worlds, II. 10
――fourteen worlds, _ibid._ n. 1.

Bhuvarloka, one of the fourteen spheres, II. 12
――one of three spheres, 13.

Biaraz, equal to one hundred araz, see araz, I. 25.

Bibi Alai, daughter of Jelal-eddin, the chief of the Roshenians,
III. 46.

Bida, name of Jengiskhan’s tribe, before he raised it to
pre-eminence among the Tartars, III. 113.

_Bimarástan_, “hospital,” I. 165.

Binab, “revelation,” I. 85.

Binandah, “inspector,” I. 179.

Binavali, among the poets known under the name of Wali, II. 114,
115, 116.

Birang, “the empyreal world,” according to the Sipasians, I. 86.

Birber (Rajah), declares the sun to be an object all-comprehensive,
III. 93.

Birman, Birmun, the same as Brahman, I. 18.

Bishutan, a brother or a confidential friend of Isfendíar, I. 259 n.
――receives hallowed milk from Zardusht, 259.

Bîst Lad, “low foundation,” I. 151.

Bivar-asp, name of Zohak, I. 33 n.

Bó Ali (Abu Ali Avisenna), quoted, II. 46.

Bocharí, surname of Muhammed, son of Ismâil al Jisfi, author of a
celebrated collection of traditions concerning Muhammed, III. 53 n.
1, 57, 58.

Bonnet, quoted, III. 240 n. 2.

Bopp (Francis), maintains the genuineness and antiquity of the Zand
language, I. 223.

Borahs, a sect residing in Guzerat, followers of Mullah Ali, II. 451
n. 1.

Borak, the animal upon which Muhammed ascended to heaven, II. 339
n. 2; III. 180
――is an emblem of reason, 181
――the vehicle of devotion, 246, 248.

Borda, title of an Arabic poem, I. 2 n.

Brahma, Creator of all things, II. 4
――whence he proceeded, 14, 16
――how represented, 17
――nine Brahmas, 34, 218
――the life of Brahma, 49
――his day and night, 50 n.
――four-faced, eight-armed, 217.

Brahma chari, II. 63, 125 n. 12.

Brahmanda, a region of the human body, II. 132 n. 5.

Brahmans, the first class of the Hindus, their destination, II. 48
――their functions, 77, 78
――their conduct, 84, 85.

Bráhmarshi, a class of Richis or sages――seven of them named, II. 27
n. 2.

Brahma Sampradayis, a class of the worshippers of Vichnu, II. 179
n. 2.

Brahma uttama, the most excellent Brahma, II. 91.

Briggs (John, general), translator of the Ferishta, quoted, I. 41 n.
――of the Siyar-ul Mutakherin, quoted, 289.

Brissonius, quoted, I. 171, 209, 288.

_Bud-andoz_, “collector-general,” I. 157.

Buddha-avâtar, the ninth Avátar of Vichnu, II. 24
――when it took place, _ibid._ and n. 1.

Buddhists, called also Jatis (Yatis), II. 211 n. 1.
――their belief――many of them traders, _ibid._

Búfastal, Buftal, “science of future events,” corresponding to one
of the Nosks of the Zand-Avesta, I. 273 and n. _ibid._

Buldet-ul ikbal, a name of the fort Alamut, II. 437.

Bun Dehesh, a work composed by a disciple of Zardusht, I. 224 n.
――translated from the modern Persian into French, by Anquetil,
225 n.
――its contents, 226 n.
――translated from the original Zand into Pehlvi――when written,
_ibid._ n.

Burhan, miracles, III. 48.

Burnouf (Eugene), established the genuineness and antiquity of the
Zand language, I. 223
――published the lithographed Zand text of the Yasna――revises,
comments, and interprets the same, I. 226 n.

Butgadah, “house of idols,” III. 301 n. 1.

Buzurg-abad, for Mahábad, I. 21 n.

Buzerg-Mehr, minister of Nushirvan, I. 104 n., 112 n., 147.

Byasa (Vyasa) visits Iran, addresses Zardusht, hears a chapter of
the Zand-Avesta, and, converted, returns to India, I. 280, 283.

C.

Cahen, his French translation of the Hebrew Bible, II. 301, 302, 303.

Callisthenes, I. 279 n.

Canun fil thabi, title of a work composed by Avisenna, II. 173 n. 3.

Carpentarius (Jacobus), Claramontanus Bellovacus, III. 208.

Cedrenus, quoted, I. 215 n. 1.

Chadah, a tribe of Kchatriyas, II. 112.

Chahnal, Ch’halana Avatar, III. 213 n. 1.

Chaitra, March-April, II. 18.

Chakra, the summary of the four ages of the Hindus, stated, II. 48.

Chakra, disk, weapon of Vichnu, II. 17
――what it means, 32.

Chanda, on prosody and verse, II. 65 n. 1.

Chandra bakta, “worshippers of the moon,” II. 242.

Changragatcha-nameh, a Persian poem, I. 213 n. 224 n.

Chanyud Pul, or Chinawad Pul, “bridge of judgment,” I. 285 and n. 2.

Chardin (Chevalier), traveller in the East, I. 225 n.

Charvak, a Sceptic philosopher, II. 197, 198 n. 4
――his creed, 198, 202.

Châtayi Khan, son of Jangis Khan, III. 115
――dashes his horse against his brother, the Khalif――obtains his
pardon, 116
――the countries inherited from his father, enumerated, _ibid._ n.

Chatra, umbrella, I. 18.

Chatramán, Chatri, the same as Kchatriyas, the second class of the
people, I. 18.

Chatur Vapah, a Dandahar-Sanyasi (see these words), highly
abstemious, II. 142
――an adventure concerning him, 143, 144, 145
――blesses the author of the Dabistán, _ibid._
――his death, 146.

_Chauki Navîs_, “register-keeper,” I. 156.

Chehar Kúb, “four blows,” a mode of invoking God, I. 77.

Chet harten, “a chapel,” a temple among the Tibetans, II. 290, 291.

Chetnuph (Agatho demon), III. 106.

Ch’hala, “misconstruction,” II. 209
――of three sorts, ibid. n. 2.

Chid, name of a Nosk of the Zand-Avesta, I. 274.

Chinon (Gabriel de), traveller in the East, I. 225 n.

Chiran jivah, “long-lived,” surname of Parasu-Rama, II. 23.

Chistápá, the wife of Baharam Gul, a beauty of her times, tries the
sanctity of Muselmans and Hindus, II. 226.

Chivarina, a Brahman of Kachmir, burns himself, II. 103, 104.

Choharas, low class of men, II. 245, 246.

Chúda Karana, a rite of the Hindus, II. 56 n. 3.

Cicacole, town of India, in the Northern Circars, I. 46.

Cicero, quoted, I. 340 n. 1.

Clement (St.), of Alexandria, is not unacquainted with Zoroaster’s
works, I. 224 n.
――quoted, 277 n. 1
――304 n. 1.

Clitarchus, author, quoted, I. 17 n.

Colebrooke (Thomas), quoted, II. 4, 10, 37, 65, 93, 119, 120, 122,
177, 198, 210, 451 n. 1; III. 1 n. 1., 43.

Ctesias, quoted, I. 33 n.

D.

Daâi, missionary, particular dignity among the Ismâilahs, II. 432
n. 2.

Dabati, the Caspian sea, in Parsi works, I. 231.

Dadistan, hall of justice, I. 43.

Dadistan Aursah, or Davershah, Daversah, or Sah daver, work quoted,
I. 131.

Dadram, a Persian festival, I. 63.

_Dád-Shikar_, “equity-hunt,” I. 185.

Dad-sitaní, “lawyer,” I. 160, 168.

Dadu Panthians, a sect, II. 233.

Dadu, Durvish, and founder of a sect――an account of him, II. 233.

Dai, name of an angel and a month, I. 61, 62 n.

Daibader, angel presiding over the 8th day of the month, I. 62 n.

Daibadin, angel presiding over the 23rd day of the month, I. 62 n.

Dabamiher, angel presiding over the 15th day of the month, I. 62 n.

Dair-namah, a work of Fakher, III. 298.

Daityas, “demons,” churn the oceans, II. 42 n. 1.

Daldal, name given by the Ulviahs to the fourth heaven, II. 468
――signifies also Muhammed’s mule and Ali’s horse, _ibid._ n. 1.

Dalmah, “cultivator,” II. 78.

Dama bhavani, name of a spring, II. 167 n. 2.

Daman-i-bad, “sound of the wind,” II. 134.

Damudar Dás Kaul, a learned Brahman of Kachmir, holds Akas to
signify space, II. 40.

Dana phal, a rite of the Hindus, II. 58 n. 3.

Dandahari, a class of Sanyásis, II. 140.

Dandorat, “prostration,” II. 101.

Danish nameh Káteb Shahi, work quoted, II. 372.

Darab the Great, king of Persia, son of Bahman, I. 87.

Darab the Less, king, son of Darab the Great, I. p. 87.

Dara-i-Gunah, name of an angel, I. 7.

Daran Sarún, king and magician, attempts to destroy the child
Zardusht, I. 219
――invited to a feast by Zardusht’s father, 228.

Dara Shiko, son of Shah Jehan, defends his father――defeated by
Aurengzeb, his brother――delivered up to the latter――executed, III.
285 n. 1, 294.

Dartha, sacrificial grass, II. 57 n. 1, 2, 80.

Darji, “demon,” I. 324.

Darkúbín, name of a Nosk of the Zand-Avesta, I. 275.

Darun, an office celebrated particularly for the sake of a king, I.
258 and n.
――also a little cake, _ibid._

Darun fusesté, “offered bread,” I. 315.

Darun miezd, “religious rites,” I. 315, explained, _ibid._ n. 1, 316.

Darun Yeshté, a Parsi office, also banquet, I. 333, and n.

Darwands, enemies to good, I. 301 and n.

Dastan, surname of Zal, I. 191.

Daláteri, the chief of a class of Sanyásis, II. 139
――his adventure with Goraknath, 140.

Davárah, a chief of the Sikhs――his dispute with Pertab-mal, II. 112.

Davaserujed, the 18th Nosk of the Zand-Avesta――its contents, I. 274 n.

Danda (David), II. 298.

Daud Isfahaní, the chief of a Muhammedan sect, II. 329 n. 332.

Dáud Kaiséri (Shaikh), III. 232 n. 1.

Daulet Khan Kaksal, quoted, II. 281.

Daulet Khan Lodi, II. 247
――a short account of him, _ibid._ n. 2.

Dawir Haryar, author of Dara-i-Sekander――a speech of his quoted,
I. 34, 360.

Dayab, the north-west region, II. 35.

Dáyu, a Vairági――a legend of him, II. 192.

Deh Ak, a name of Zohak, I. 74.

Derick Desatir, “the little Desatir,” I. 65 n. 1.

Desatir, “heaven-sent book,” I. 20, 44, 66, 123.

Desnad, the volume which contains the doctrine of Mazdak, I. 375, 378.

Destánír, for Desatir, I. 20 n.

Deva, a free-minded Brahman, II. 279, 280.

Déva archaka, worshipper of an idol, II. 102.

Deva Kanya, “daughters of the gods,” name given to public women,
II. 154.

Dhaids, one of the lowest classes of men, II. 245.

Dhanam, “meditation,” II. 125, 127.

Dhanu, “military tactics,” II. 65 n. 1.

Dharanam, “fortitude,” II. 125 n. 6, 126.

Dharma sastra, civil and canon laws, II. 66 n.

Dhritarashtra, son of Vyása, II. 68.

Dihyat ol kalbi, “the ape-dog,” form in which the angel Gabriel
appeared to Muhammed, II. 453 n.

Din, angel presiding over the 24th day of the month, I. 62 n.

_Dinbahi_, “true faith,” I. 231, 232.

Diodorus Siculus, quoted, I. 33 n. 1.

Diogenes Laertius, quoted, I. 209.

Dion Chrysostomus mentions Zoroaster’s works, I. 224 n.

Disa, quarters of the world, eight, II. 219
――their names, _ibid._

Div, demon, I. 180.

Dóazdah Hamast, the fifth Nosk of the Zand-Avesta, its contents,
I. 273 n.

Doghduyah, mother of Zardusht, I. 215
――her dream in the sixth month of her pregnancy, _ibid._ 216
――interpretation of the dream, 217, 218.

Do giti, “two worlds,” the great volume of God, I. 65 n. 1.

Donatus (Aelius), I. 171.

Dortous de Mairan, II. 305.

_Dosha_, “error,” subdivided into three parts, II. 205.

_Dostur_, “prime-minister,” to whose department the public revenue
is attached, I. 155.

Dostur, “superintendent,” I. 18 n.

Draupadí, daughter of Drúpada, II. 68.

Drishtanta, “comparison,” II. 207.

Drupada, Raja of Panchala, II. 68.

Druses, a sect of the Ismáilahs, disciples of Hamza, son of Ali, II.
421 n. 1.

Dubois (abbé), quoted, II. 37 n. 1, 73 n. 1.

Dukh, “pain,” II. 205.

Duníahs, a particular sect, III. 25.

Dup Néreng, “prayer,” I. 283 n.

Durds, a sect in the mountains of Kachmir――brothers have but one
wife, II. 244, 245; III. 304 n. 1.

Durgá, a name of the wife of Siva, demands the sacrifice of a man
from a villager, II. 162
――from Vichnu-nath Deo, and his son, _ibid._
――how represented, 163
――the human sacrifice continued to the time of the author of the
Dabistán, _ibid._
――eight Durgás, and their names, 220.

Dvésha, hatred, II. 120, 205.

Dwapar-yug, the third age of the Hindus, its duration, II. 24, 47.

Dwaraka, town of India, account of it, I. 53 and n. 1.

Dyani, “contemplator,” II. 240.

E.

Eichhorn, quoted, II. 300.

Elmacin (George), author of a History of the Saracens, quoted, III.
8 n. 1, 55 n, n. 1 and 2.