Chapter V: The Fall of the Monarchy, 1791–1792

Unpopularity of Marie Antoinette 87
June 20, 1791. Flight of the Royal Family 88
Ultra-Democrats seek the Establishment of a Republic 91
July 17. Massacre of the Champ de Mars 91
Attempt to revise the Constitution 93
The work of the National Assembly; legal and financial reforms 93
Creation of Assignats of small value 94
Plans of the Queen 94
Policy of territorial aggrandisement pursued by the Great Powers 96
Austria and Russia at war with Turkey 97
Death of Joseph II. 97
Treaty of Reichenbach 97
Declaration of Pilnitz 98
Designs of Catherine II. on Poland 98
Leopold II. unwilling to engage in war with France 98
The new Legislative Assembly; its composition 99
Policy of the Girondists 100
Ecclesiastical policy of the Legislature 101
Emigrants encouraged by Princes of the Empire 101
Growth of a warlike spirit in the Assembly 102
The French Revolution is more than a National movement 104
Commencement of war with Austria and Prussia 105
The Jacobins embody a spirit of suspicion 106
Robespierre’s character 107
Administrative anarchy 109
Troubles at Avignon 110
The Girondists hope for the best 111
Lafayette denounces the Jacobins 112
The mob invades the Tuileries on June 20 113
The Country declared in danger; Manifesto of the Duke of
Brunswick 114
Preparations made for an insurrection 115
Insurrection of August 10; Suspension of the King 117