Chapter LXIII

§1. Of what consists the law of nations? What was its early character?

§2. By what means has it been improved?

§3. What particular further improvement is desirable?

§4. What is said of the independence of nations? How, then, is redress for injuries obtained?

§5. What right has a nation in respect to its government? To this rule, what exception do some make?

§6. In what cases may one nation assist another in changing its government?

§7. In what respect are nations mutually dependent?

§8. By what law ought all nations to be governed? What does this law require?

§9. By what names is this law when applied to nations or states called? Why is it so called?

§10. For what reasons do some writers divide it into the _natural_ and _positive_ laws of nations?

§11. Define the positive law of nations. How is it divided? Define the customary law of nations.

§12. What is a conventional law of nations? Define _convention_.

§13. What is the advantage of conventional law?

§14. By what consideration is the observance of treaties induced?

§15. What is a perfect obligation? An imperfect obligation? Why are the obligations of nations called imperfect?