Chapter XI (5)

PLATES NOS. 25, 26, 27—_Illustrations of Overgrowth of Hoof and Neglect before and after Treatment._—The illustration, “Before Treatment,” Plate No, 25, represents the ground surface of a foot operated upon, and “After Treatment” represents the same foot after one pound of overgrowth had been removed from one foot. Plates Nos. 26 and 27 show the difference between the foot before and after treatment, and show the importance of being careful in observing a horse’s foot so as to prevent lameness, and the various diseases caused by neglect.

PLATES NOS. 28 AND 29—_Enlargement of the Metacarpal Bone._—In a great many cases because the enlargement interferes with the free use of the flexor tendon, pressing it out of its proper place. A horse with a contracted foot suffers from this pressure when the shoe is fitted tight and brings the heels inward. The metacarpal bones extend from the back of the knee downward to the pastern joint, forming, as it were, a brace on each side. They become quite small as they extend downward, and the enlargement is generally found on the inside of the leg. (See Plate No. 28.)

_a_ Showing how to find the enlargement.

_b_ Showing the manner in which the incision is made, and the enlargement removed.]

The enlargement may be discovered by running the hand downward from the knee, the thumb on the side and the forefinger on the other, until it is felt (see Plate 29, “A”). If pressed and the horse yields to the pressure, it is a sure sign that he is affected, and he should be properly shod at once as if for contraction, or the enlargement should be removed. To do this, the horse should be in the following position: First, with plenty of straw under him to prevent bruising; then he should be thrown on his side and fastened down, so as to allow the operator to make an incision with a fine pocket knife partly to the front and near where the enlargement is. This operation will not interfere with the tendons, or veins that extend upward from the foot. The incision having been made, the finger may be inserted, as shown in Plate No. 29, “B,” so as to raise the enlargement and make it visible. Then, with a pair of nippers, snap the end off with one motion. The incision should be closed, fastened together with a needle and silk thread; then apply a linen bandage and over this a woolen cloth, containing a little moisture, to prevent fever. A little sweet oil should be applied, to keep it clean while healing. The operation is not severe and is thoroughly effective.

PLATES NOS. 30 AND 31 represent a foot which has been deprived of the free use of the back tendons, caused by a sudden jar or misstep, causing a horse so affected to travel on his toe, and can be remedied only by a system of expanding the foot under the directions already given for contraction.

Ossified growth of Upper and Lower Pastern Joint, also Navicular Joint and Coffin-bone, in a foot which has been deprived of the free use of the back Tendons. See Plate No. 30.]

After this a shoe should be fitted with a toe and no heels, for by raising the toe the bearing is thrown on the heels. If the action is heavy on the toe, the shoe should be provided with a steel toe-calk. This will prevent a horse from traveling on his toe, and such a case, if taken in time, can be remedied, if not permanently cured, by simply fitting a shoe so as to throw the bearing on the heels.

Interior surface. Exterior surface.]

PLATES NOS. 30 AND 31 represent an aggravated case, which from neglect became incurable.

PLATE NO. 32 represents the exterior surface of the sensitive frog. The great principle of this system of paring the horse’s feet, is to remove all pressure from the frog. It should be protected from all pressure, and such diseases as thrush and scratches may be avoided.

PLATE NO. 33 gives a sectional view of all the bones and tendons of the horse’s foot. Every blacksmith and farrier should thoroughly understand this and the anatomy of the horse’s foot, in order to be able to know exactly how to treat any disease which may be brought to their notice.

A—Shank-bone.

B—Upper and larger pastern-bone.

C—Sesamoid-bone.

D—Lower or smaller pastern-bone.

E—Navicular or shuttle-bone.

F—Coffin-bone, or bone of the foot.

G—Suspensory ligament inserted into the sesamoid-bone.

H—Continuation of the suspensory ligament inserted into the
smaller pastern-bone.

I—Small inelastic ligament lying down the sesamoid-bone to the
larger pastern-bone.

K—A long ligament reaching from the pastern-bone to the knee.

L—Extensor tendon inserted into both the pastern and the
coffin-bone.

M—Tendon of the perforating flexor inserted into the
coffin-bone, after having passed over the navicular-bone.

N—Seat of the navicular-joint lameness.

O—Inner or sensible frog.

P—Cleft of the horny frog.

Q—A ligament uniting the navicular-bone to the smaller pastern.

R—A ligament uniting the navicular-bone to the coffin-bone.

S—Sensible sole between the coffin-bone and the horny side.

T—Horny sole.

U—Crust or wall of the foot.

V—Sensible laminæ to which the crust is attached.

W—Coronary ring of the crust.

X—The covering of the coronary ligament from which the crust is
secreted.

Z—Place of bleeding at the toe.]

RECIPES.

The following recipes have been gathered from souses entitled to the fullest confidence, as remedies of value to all owners of horses, and are presented with the hope of doing good:

_INFLUENZA._

For several years past a disease has been more or less prevalent in various sections of this country, known to the Veterinary as epidemic catarrh or influenza. The symptoms of this disease are so various in different animals—no two being precisely alike—that a variety of opinions are current concerning it and its nature; and, as a consequence, various other diseases are often confounded with it. The usual or leading symptoms are a slight watery or mucous discharge from the nose; eyelids presenting a reddish appearance; matter collects in the corner of the eyes; pulse feeble; great debility, as shown by the quick, feeble action of the heart—a symptom rarely absent; membrane of nose much reddened; sore throat and cough; occasionally the feet become fevered as in founder, causing much stiffness, and might be easily taken for that disease.

_Treatment._—This being a typhoid disease, it requires a sustaining treatment, or success will be very doubtful. In the early stage of this disease, give the first two days ten drops of tincture of aconite, or bryonia, in a little water, every six hours; after which give a pail of water to drink, and, once a day, 1 oz. spirits of nitre, or 2 drams extract of belladonna; and give in the feed, three times a day, one of the following powders: gentian root, saltpetre, and anise seed, of each 1 oz.; sulphate of quinine, 1 dram; mix, and divide into eight powders. The throat should be bathed with mustard and vinegar; or with linseed oil, 3 oz., spirits of hartshorn, 1 oz. Mix together. No hay or corn should be given, but scalded oats or wheat bran, with linseed tea, or oatmeal gruel, should constitute the diet. I would recommend a few carrots. But above all, good nursing is to be desired, and by strictly following the foregoing instructions a successful result is probable.

_CONDITION POWDER._

Fenugreek, cream of tartar, gentian, sulphur, saltpetre, resin, black antimony, and ginger, of each 1 oz.; cayenne ½ oz.; all finely pulverized. Mix thoroughly. It is used for yellow water, hide bound, colds, coughs, distemper, and all other diseases where a condition powder is needed. They carry off gross humors, and purify the blood.

_Dose._—In ordinary cases one tablespoonful once a day. In extreme cases give twice daily. This powder has never failed to give entire satisfaction.

_GLANDERS._

This is one of the most fatal diseases to which the horse is subject. It is propagated in most cases by contagion, the infection being disseminated by seed from the nasal discharge, not, as many suppose, by the breath. According to eminent foreign authors, the disease has its origin also in a vitiated state of the blood, and this may result from improper treatment or neglect of almost any disease to which he is liable. In its early stage it appears to be only a slight inflammation of the inner membrane of the nose, not, however, attended with the usual florid red characterizing inflammation, but of a paler hue, and afterwards becoming darker. The first marked symptom is a discharge from the nose, scarcely to be distinguished at first from the natural moisture, either by its color or consistence, and generally coming from one nostril only, and that the left one. In appearance it is thin and transparent, closely resembling the natural discharge, a little increased in quantity, and sometimes continues in this doubtful stage for several weeks or months. Instances are indeed known where it has existed for several years before it became fully developed. In such cases it is attended with no loss of appetite, no cough, or apparent illness of any kind, with little enlargement of the glands under the jaw, and at the same time the horse is capable of communicating disease.

Too many of these horses, with a decided glanderous discharge from the nose and adherent glands under the jaw, are found on our roads, or are employed in agriculture, which (although they are otherwise in good health, and perform their work well) should not be permitted; for by such means the contagion is widely spread. No cough accompanies real glanders in any of its stages, except the last, which is usually soon cut short by death.

In addition to the preceding tokens for discovering at an early period the true glanders from other disorders, let the nostrils be closely examined. In the real glanders, the left or running nostril will be found of a deeper color than ordinary, while the other, or dry nostril, is of a paler color, or almost white.

The reader must bear in mind the varied color of the nostril in deciding all cases of this character. Also that in colds, etc., both nostrils run.

Before the disease finishes its course, both sides of the nose and head become affected—the ulcers extend down the windpipe, and fasten upon the lungs. The virus, secreted by and discharged from the ulcers, is absorbed and carried through the whole system, and soon puts an end to the creature’s miserable existence. The best preventives of glanders are dry, clean, well-ventilated stables, moderate exercise, green food, when it can be procured, and roots in the winter.

The disease may be cured in its early stages, or before ulcers are formed in the nose, or the lumps under the jaw adhere to the bone, by turning the animal on a dry pasture, by proper attention to the bowels, and by use of alterative medicines, to work the poisons out of the system. Should the bowels require loosening, give the common purge. For purifying the blood, the condition powder is the most effectual remedy. The owner must beware of putting the horse to hard labor too soon, after having been turned out as before directed, as the disease is liable to return on subsequent confinement, even after the running at the nose has entirely disappeared. It is conceded by all, that when this disease is once seated, it cannot be cured; and humanity dictates, and economy should prompt us to terminate the animal’s existence at once. This course has now become an imperative duty, as the fact is established that man is susceptible to the contagion; and there are numerous cases on record where those who have had the care of glandered horses have fallen victims to this disease.

_LOCK JAW._

This disease generally arises from nail wounds in the feet, or from sharp metallic substances taken into and wounding the stomach or intestines. The first symptoms of the disease are observed about the ninth or tenth day after the injury is done, which are a straggling or stiffness of the hind-legs, to which succeed in a few days the following: on elevating the head, a spasmodic motion of the membrane in the inner corner of the eye will be observed, showing little more than the white of the eye; the muscles of the jaws become rigid; the tongue is swollen, and the mouth is filled with saliva; the ears are erect, and the nose poked out; the nostrils expand; respiration becomes much disturbed; and finally, the jaws become firmly set, and the bowels constipated.

_Treatment._—Tinct. of aconite, 2 drs.; tinct. of belladonna, 2 drs.; water, ½ oz. Mix, and give 40 drops every 4 hours on the tongue; keep a ball of aloes in the mouth for several days. There is no fear of giving too much. I have known half a pound to be given in a few days with good success. Hydrocyandic acid, 20 drops in a little water, and put upon the tongue every four hours, is an excellent remedy. Foment the jaws with bags of hops steeped in hot water, and bathe the line of the back from the pole to the croup with mustard and vinegar. Be careful not to allow the animal to be unnecessarily excited by noises and confusion about him. Go about him quietly; keep a pail of bran slop before him all the time. If the foot has been injured, poultice with flaxseed meal, and keep the wound open until a healthy action has been established.

_TO DISTINGUISH BETWEEN DISTEMPER AND GLANDERS._

The discharge from the nose in Glanders will sink in water. In Distemper it will not.

_CHRONIC COUGH._

This is generally the consequence of neglected catarrhal affections, worms, etc. For treatment, give twice each day Barbadoes aloes, 2 oz.; pulv. foxglove (or digitalis), 1 oz.; linseed meal, 13 oz. Mix with molasses. Dose, 1 oz.

Another remedy is, sal ammoniac, 1 oz.; squills, pulv., ½ oz.; aloes, pulv., 1 oz.; linseed meal, 16 oz.; mix with molasses, and divide into four balls; to be given one each night for four days.

_TREATMENT FOR RHEUMATISM._

Poultice the feet with mustard and flaxseed meal. Give internally of nux vomica, 1 oz.; pulv. gentian root, 1½ oz.; pulverized ginger, 1 oz. Mix and divide into 12 powders; give one every night in the feed, keep the body warm, and give no corn.

_FOUNDER REMEDY._

Give from 1 to 4 ounces of saltpetre, according to the severity of the case. For a severe case, draw about one gallon of blood from the neck; then drench with linseed oil, 1 quart; rub the fore-legs with water as hot as can be borne without scalding, continuing the washing till the horse is perfectly limber.

_HORSE OINTMENT._

Resin, 4 oz.; beeswax, 4 oz.; honey, 2 oz.; lard, 8 oz.; melt these articles slowly, bringing gradually to a boil; remove from the fire, and slowly add a little less than a pint of spirits of turpentine, stirring all the time this is being added, and stir till cool. This is an extraordinary ointment for bruises of the flesh, or hoof, or broken knees, galls or bites, or when a horse is gelded to heal and keep off flies.

_MAGIC LINIMENT._

Take 2 oz. oil of spike; 2 oz. origanum; 2 oz. hemlock; 2 oz. wormwood; 4 ounces sweet oil; 2 oz. spirits ammonia; 2 ounces gum camphor; 2 oz. spirits turpentine; 1 quart proof spirits. Mix well and bottle for use. Cork tight. For sprains, bruises, or lameness of any kind, this liniment is unsurpassed. This is the same liniment, leaving out the turpentine, which has achieved so many wonderful cures for human ailment.

A more simple liniment can be made by putting into spirits of turpentine all the gum camphor it will cut. For ordinary purposes it is fit for use; but if you wish to reduce pain, add as much laudanum as there is turpentine.

_FRENCH PASTE FOR BONE SPAVIN._

Corrosive sublimate, quicksilver, and iodine, of each 1 oz., with sufficient lard to form a paste. Rub the quicksilver and iodine together, and add the sublimate, and finally add the lard, rubbing thoroughly. Shave off the hair the size of the bone enlargement, then grease all around it, but not where the bone is shaved off. This prevents the action of the medicine only upon the spavin; rub in as much of the paste as will lie on a five cent piece, each morning for four mornings only, and in from six to eight days the spavin will come out; then wash out the wound with suds, soaking well for an hour or two, which removes the poisonous effects of the medicine, and facilitates the healing, which can be done by any healing salve. I prefer the horse ointment to any other.

_HOW TO CLEAN AND OIL HARNESS._

First take the harness apart, having each strap and piece by itself; then wash it with warm water and Castile soap. When cleansed, black each part with the following dye: 1 oz. extract of logwood; 12 grains bichromate of potash—both pounded fine; put into two quarts of boiling rain-water, and stir till all is dissolved. When cool, it may be used. It may be bottled and kept for future use, if desired. It may be applied with a shoe brush. When the dye has struck in, you may oil each part with neatsfoot oil, applied with a paint brush. For second oiling, use one-third castor oil and two-thirds neat’s-foot oil, mixed. A few hours after, wipe clean with a woolen cloth, which gives the harness a glossy appearance. This preparation does not injure the leather or stitching, but makes it soft and pliable, and obviates the necessity of oiling as often as is necessary by the ordinary method. When the harness is removed from the horse, take a woolen cloth or chamois skin, kept for the purpose, and wipe off the dust and all moisture from rain or perspiration, and when the harness is nearly dry, rub the damper parts very thoroughly with a second cloth or skin, until they are quite soft and pliable.

The bits, and plated mountings, should be cleaned and rubbed with a slightly-oiled rag, before the harness is finally hung in its place; the harness should be protected from dust either by a covering of cloth, or by hanging in a closet. Whenever the leather becomes dry and hard, it should be cleaned and oiled according to the foregoing directions.

_PHYSIC BALL._

Barbadoes aloes, 1 lb.; syrup buckthorn, 3 oz.; cod-liver oil, 3 oz. Melt the whole, and stir till cool. In winter, add a little water, make into 18 pills, and give 1 every four hours, or as much as will move the bowels.

_TO SCATTER POLL-EVIL._

Take a quantity of mandrake root, bruise and boil it, strain and boil down until rather thick; then form an ointment, simmering with sufficient lard for the purpose. Anoint the swelling once a day until cured. It has cured them after they were broken out, by putting it in the pipes a few times; also, anointing around the sore.

_HEALING SALVE FOR ABRASIONS AND CUTS._

Oxide of zinc, 4 drams; fresh lard, 1 oz.; carbolic acid, 6 grains. Melt the lard, and stir in the oxide of zinc, which must be very finely powdered; add the carbolic acid and mix thoroughly. Apply twice a day to the wound. This salve is very valuable for its healing properties, and will be found of special service, if there is any foul discharge.

_WASH FOR FOUL ULCERS._

Permanganate of potassa, 1 dram; pure water, 6 fluid ounces. Clean the sore once or twice a day, with a quart of water, to which a large tablespoonful of the wash has been added, using a soft sponge.

The discoloration of the solution indicates its complete loss of power as a disinfectant.

The bottle must be kept tightly corked, as impurities in the air will, in time, impair its value.

_ANTISPASMODIC TINCTURE._

(_For Man or Beast._)

Oils of cajeput, cloves, peppermint, anise, of each 1 oz.; of alcohol, 1 quart. Mix together, and bottle for use. Dose, for horse, 1 oz. every 15 minutes, in a little whisky and warm water, sweetened with molasses. Continue till relieved.

Dose for man, one teaspoonful.

RECORD OF FAST HORSES FOR 1875.

The author of this work would not have the reader imagine that he is known to the popular world as a sporting man, but believing his book will come into the hands of not only lovers of the noble animal as a beast of burden, and highly prized by the honest yeomanry of this continent, but into the hands also of those who admire more for qualities of speed, as exhibited on the turf, deems it advisable to gratify the appetite of all who appreciate fast trotting, by devoting a corner to record the driving of all horses having a public record of 2.30, or better. Considerable trouble and expense has attended the research, and it embraces a complete list of horses that have shown on the turf since 1870, compiled in the most accurate manner, and alphabetically arranged.

Abdallah, b. s. 2.30
Adelaide, b. m. 2.22½
Ajax, b. s. 2.29
Albert, blk. g. 2.24¾
Albion Boy, b. g. 2.30
Alice, b. m. 2.25
Allie West, blk. s. 2.25
Alton Boy 2.29½
[2]American Girl, b. m. 2.16½
Amy, b. m. 2.22¼
Amy B, b. m. 2.30
Annie Collins, b. m. 2.26
Arthur, blk. g. 2.28¼
Aurora, s. m. 2.27
Baby Boy, wh. g. 2.30
Badger Girl, g. m. 2.25½
Barney Kelley, b. g. 2.26¼
Bashaw, Jr. 2.25
Bashaw Maid, ch. m. 2.30
Basil Duke, cr. g. 2.28½
Bateman, b. g. 2.27
Bay Henry, b. g. 2.30
Bay Jack 2.30
Bay Sallie, b. m. 2.30
Bay Whalebone, b. g. 2.26¼
Bella, b. m. 2.22
Belle, b. m. 2.28¼
Belle Brasfield, b. m. 2.25¼
Belle Deane, blk. m. 2.30
Belle of Toronto, g. m. 2.28½
Ben Cummings, ch. s. 2.26
Ben Flagler, g. g. 2.26½
Ben Morrill, br. s. 2.28
Ben Smith, b. g. 2.28½
Ben Star, b. g. 2.24¾
Beppo, or J. W. Conley, b. g. 2.24½
Bertie, g. m. 2.27
Billy Hoskins, g. g. 2.26¼
Billy Lambertson, b. g. 2.28¼
Billy Platter, g. g. 2.26
Black Bird, blk. s. 2.22
Black George, blk. s. 2.23¾
Black Mack, blk. g. 2.26½
Black Swan, blk. m. 2.28½
Blanche, blk. m. 2.23½
Bodine, b. g. 2.19¼
Bonner, ch. g. 2.23
Breeze, b. g. 2.25½
Bristol Bill, g. g. 2.29
Bro. Jonathan, b. g. 2.24¼
Brown Dick, br. s. 2.24½
Brown Jack, br. g. 2.28½
Bully Brooks, b. g. 2.30
Buzz, br. g. 2.28½
Byron, s. s. 2.25½
Caledonia Chief, ch. s. 2.29½
California Dexter, b. g. 2.27
Calmar, b. g. 2.30
[2]Camors, blk. g. 2.19¾
Capitola, b. m. 2.29½
Captain, b. s. 2.28
Captain Jinks, s. g. 2.30
Carrie, b. m. 2.24½
Castle Boy, b. g. 2.21
Catskill Girl, b. m. 2.28½
Cattaraugus Chief, b. g. 2.29½
Chas. E. Loew, blk. s. 2.25½
Chas. Hinson, g. g. 2.28
Charlie Green, b. g. 2.26¼
Clara G., b. m. 2.26
Clarence, ch. g. 2.27½
Clementine, b. m. 2.21
Colbourne, dun. g. 2.30
Col. Barnes, ch. g. 2.28½
Col. Moulton, ch. s. 2.28½
Col. Russell, b. g. 2.25¾
Col. Pike, b. g. 2.29½
Comee, b. g. 2.24½
Commodore, b. g. 2.25
Commonwealth, br. s. 2.24½
Cozette, blk. m. 2.23
Crown Prince, wh. g. 2.25
Dan, br. g. 2.28½
Daniel Boone, g. g. 2.28¾
Dan Voorhies 2.26
Defiance, blk. s. 2.29½
Defiance, br. g. 2.24¼
Delhi, b. g. 2.29½
Denmark, br. g. 2.30
Derby, b. g. 2.25½
Dick Jamison, b. g. 2.26
Dinah, rn. m. 2.30
Doble, blk. s. 2.28
Dolly, b. m. 2.30
Don Elipha (buckskin mustang) 2.30
Dot, b. g. 2.29¾
Doubtful, g. g. 2.29½
Draco Prince, blk. s. 2.24½
Dreadnaught, ch. g. 2.27½
Duchess, b. m. 2.28
Duke, b. g. 2.26½
Dutchman, b. g. 2.30
Ella Wilson, b. m. 2.30
Ella Lewis, br. m. 2.27
Eva, b. m. 2.25¼
Ella Madden, b. m. 2.26¾
Ella Wright, b. m. 2.24¾
Everett Ray, b. g. 2.25
Edginton 2.26
Ed. White, p. g. 2.27
Easton Boy, wh. g. 2.25½
Ella Elwood, b. m. 2.29
Elmo, ch. s. 2.27
Fleetwood, ch. g. 2.29
Frank Wood, b. g. 2.24
Frank, br. m. 2.27¼
Factory Girl, b. m. 2.29¼
Flora Bell, b. m. 2.22¾
Flora Bell, ch. m. 2.30
Frank Palmer, b. g. 2.26¼
Fannie, ch. m. 2.29
Frank J., dun. g. 2.23¾
Frank Davis, 2.30
Frank Munson, 2.30
Frank Reeves, 2.30
Fox, b. g. 2.30
Fred Hooper, b. g. 2.23
Fleety Golddust, g. m. 2.20
Filbert, g. g. 2.28
Fanny Otis, b. m. 2.28¾
Falmouth Boy, b. g. 2.29½
Frank Ferguson, br. g. 2.27
Flora Shepard, b. m. 2.30
George Miller, b. g. 2.30
Gray Jack, g. g. 2.28¼
Glengarry, b. g. 2.27
George Treat, 2.28½
George M. Patchen, 2.23½
Gray Alex, g. g. 2.28¾
Gazelle, b. m. 2.21
Grace, b. m. 2.27¼
Goldsmith Maid, b. m. 2.14
George, b. g. 2.24½
Gen. Sherman, g. g. 2.28¾
Gold Leaf, s. g. 2.28¼
Gen. Grant, s. s. 2.20
Granville, ch. g. 2.29
Governor, b. g. 2.30
Gen. Howard, br. g. 2.30
[2]Gloster, b. g. 2.17
Geo. B. Daniels, s. g. 2.24
Grafton, ch. g. 2.22¼
Gen. Picton, g. g. 2.30
Gen. Love, s. s. 2.30
Gray Chief, g. g. 2.26½
Great Eastern, br. g. 2.28¾
Gen. Garfield, b. g. 2.21
Gray Eddy, g. g. 2.27
Gov. Sprague, blk. s. (4 years, public trial, 1 mile) 2.21¼
Grace Bertram, ch. m. 2.29
Grand Duchess, b. m. 2.26½
Henry, b. g. 2.20¼
Hannah D., b. m. 2.27½
Harry Mitchel, b. g. 2.28¼
H. C. Hill, br. g. 2.25½
Honesty, b. s. 2.26
Huntress, b. m. 2.21¼
Hattie, ch. m. 2.30
Hopeful, g. g. 2.17¼
Hotspur, b. g. 2.23¾
Hamperion, br. s. 2.29½
H. W. Genet, b. s. 2.25½
Huckleberry, b. g. 2.26½
Herod, br. g. 2.29
Hope, s. g. 2.28
Haviland, b. g. 2.29½
Honest Harry, m. g. 2.25
Honest Dutchman, 2.26½
Harry Harley, b. g. 2.25¾
Harvest Queen, b. m. 2.29½
Hal. Terrel, b. g. 2.28¾
Idol, ch. m. 2.27¼
Idol, b. m. 2.23
J. N. Mansua, b. g. 2.29½
Joe Udell, b. g. 2.30
John Stuart, b. g. 2.30
Joe Brown, g. s. 2.26½
Jerome, ch. g. 2.28½
Jas. Howell, Jr. 2.24
Jubilee Lambert, br. s. 2.25
Judge Fullerton, ch. g. 2.18
Joker, b. g. 2.23
Jennie, b. m. 2.22½
John H., b. g. 2.23
Jim Irving, b. g. 2.23
Jack Draper, g. g. 2.29
John W. Hall, ch. g. 2.25
Joe Green, b. s. 2.29½
John T. Rich, b. s. 2.28
John C. Fero, br. g. 2.27½
John Morrissey, ch. g. 2.26½
J. J. Bradley, b. g. 2.25½
[2]J. H. Burke, blk. g. 2.27½
J. D. McMann, b. g. 2.28¾
Jackson, b. s. 2.27¾
Joe, or Triumph, s. g. 2.25¼
John E., b. g. 2.28¾
Jay Gould, b. s. 2.20½
J. G. Blaine, blk. g. 2.28¼
Joe Coburn, 2.30
Judge Robertson, b. g. 2.29
John T., br. g. (fraud same as Huckleberry), 2.29½
[2]Kilburn Jim, b. s. 2.23
Ki-Ki, b. g. 2.28
Kittie D., b. m. 2.26¼
Kansas Chief, b. g. 2.21½
Kate Campbell, br. m. 2.25½
Kittie Cook, br. m. 2.29½
Kate Bennett, rn. m. 2.29¼
Lady Blanchard, g. m. 2.26¼
Lady Garfield, b. m. 2.29½
Lady Hughes, b. m. 2.30
[2]Lady Hamilton, b. m. 2.30
Lydia Thompson, b. m. 2.26¼
Little Longfellow, s. g. 2.29¼
License, ch. g. 2.26½
Lothair, blk. s. 2.29½
Lothair, br. g. (fraud same as Small Hope), 2.28¼
Little Gipsy, b. m. 2.28
Lew Ives, b. g. 2.28
Lady Mack, b. m. 2.25
Logan, s. s. 2.28
Lucille Golddust, b. m. 2.19½
Lady Dahlman, br. m. 2.28
Lizzie Keller, br. m. 2.30
Lady Thompson, 2.28
Lady Star, br. m. 2.24¼
Little Mack, br. s. 2.28½
Lady Griswold, g. m. 2.29
Lewinski, b. g. 2.26¾
Lady Emma, ch. m. 2.28
Lady Star, 2.25
Little Fred, b. g. 2.25
Lady Blanche, b. m. 2.28¼
Lady Turpin, blk. m. 2.23
Lottery, g. g. 2.27
Lulu, b. m. 2.14¾
Lady Williams, ch. m. 2.28½
Lady Banker, b. m. 2.23
Lady Snell, b. m. 2.23¼
Lida Picton, br. m. 2.27½
Lady Stout, ch. m. 2.29
Lew Scott, b. g. 2.30
Lady Elgin, g. m. 2.27¾
Lillie Shields, s. m. 2.29½
Lady Byron, blk. m. 2.28
Lady H., g. m. 2.30
Lady Maud, b. m. 2.18¼
Lady Ross, b. m. 2.29¾
Major Edsall, b. s. 2.29
Major Allen, s. g. 2.24¼
Mat. Smith, b. s. 2.26½
Mountain Boy, b. g. 2.20¾
Myron Perry, b. g. 2.24½
Mollie Morris, ch. m. 2.22
Mila Caldwell, s. m. 2.26½
Mack, g. g. 2.28
Mary A. Whitney, b. m. 2.28
May Howard, g. m. 2.24½
Molsey, b. m. 2.21¾
Mary Davis, b. m. 2.26¼
Music, ch. m. 2.21¾
Mollie, b. m. 2.28¾
Mystic, b. g. 2.22
Maud, b. m. 2.29¾
Medoc, g. g. 2.28½
Mambrino Star, b. g. 2.28½
Mambrino Gift, br. s. 2.20
Monarch, Jr., rn. s. 2.25½
Monroe, ch. s. 2.28½
Mac, br. g. 2.27¾
Magnolia, g. g. 2.26¼
Major Root, br. g. 2.27
Major King, s. g. 2.30
May Queen, b. m. 2.20
May Bird, blk. m. 2.27
Maggie Briggs, b. m. 2.27
Moscow, blk. g. 2.28¾
Mazoumanie, ch. g. 2.27¼
Mohawk, Jr., b. s. 2.25
Mary, b. m. 2.28
Newberlin Girl, b. m. 2.29½
None Such, s. m. 2.25½
Natchez, blk. g. 2.30
Nellie Gray, 2.24
Nellie Irwin, b. m. 2.25
Nick, br. g. 2.29¾
Nettie, b. m. 2.18
Nino, b. g. 2.29¾
Ned Forrest, blk g. 2.28½
Nellie, g. m. 2.30
Nellie Walton, b. m. 2.26
North Star Mambrino, 2.26½
Nettie Burlew, b. m. 2.25½
Nerea, s. m. 2.23½
Ned Wallace, b. s. 2.29
Ohio Boy, b. g. 2.27¼
Observer, ch. g. 2.24¼
Orient, s. g. 2.24
Oakland Maid, g. m. 2.26
Occident, br. g. 2.16¾
Prince Allen, ch. s. 2.26½
Patchen Chief, blk. s. 2.25½
Pownall Mare, br. m. 2.29
Pat Ring, 2.28
Polly, or Tackney 2.26
Phil Sheridan, blk. s. 2.26½
Pilot Temple, b. s. 2.24½
Parkis’ Abdallah, b. s. 2.26¾
Prince, rn. g. 2.28
Preston, dun. g. 2.28½
Planter, 2.30
Prospero, 2.22½
Pumpkin, 2.27½
Queen of the West, 2.26¼
Royal John, g. g. 2.27½
Red Dick, ch. g. 2.28
Rolla Golddust, b. g. 2.25
Rhode Island, br. s. 2.23½
[2]Ripon Boy, b. s. 2.25¾
Rosalind, b. m. 2.21¾
Ross, sp. g. 2.29¾
Rex Patchen, b. s. 2.30
Randall, ch. g. 2.24½
Red Cloud, b. g. 2.18
Rattler, b. g. 2.27
Royal George, g. g. 2.26½
Rosewood, br. m. 2.27
Rarus, b. g. 2.20¾
Rival, g. s. 2.30
Rutledge, b. g. 2.30
St. Elmo, g. g. 2.29¼
Sleepy John, b. g. 2.24½
Shakespeare, ch. s. 2.30
Susie Parker, b. m. 2.27½
Sentinel, b. s. 2.29½
Skinkel’s Hambletonian, b. s. 2.28¾
St. James, b. g. 2.23¼
Sam Purdy, b. g. 2.23¼
Spotted Colt, sp. g. 2.25½
Stump Puller, or Columbia Chief, blk. s. 2.30
Shepard Knapp, Jr., b. g. 2.27¾
Sisson Girl, blk. m. 2.28½
Star, s. g. 2.30
Snowball, wh. g. 2.27½
Scotland Maid, b. m. 2.28½
Silver Side, g. g. 2.30
Stewart Maloney, b. g. 2.27
Surprise, g. g. 2.26
Sam West, b. g. 2.29
Star of the West, bk. s. 2.26½
Smuggler, b. s. 2.20
Susie, s. m. 2.25
Sleepy Tom, b. g. 2.30
Simon, ch. g. 2.30
Snowflake, g. m. 2.22
Sir Wm. Wallace, b. s. 2.27¾
Swallow, b. m. 2.30
Sea Foam, g. m. 2.24½
Sunbeam, b. m. 2.30
San Bruno, br. g. 2.25¼
Silas Rich, s. s. 2.28
Sconchin, 2.25¼
Sensation, 2.24½
Sorrel Frank, 2.28¾
Sucker State, 2.28¼
St. Julien, b. s. 2.22½
Sciota Belle, br. m. 2.28
Tennessee, br. m. 2.27
Tanner Boy, g. g. 2.27
Twilight, wh. m. 2.27¾
Tom Wonder, br. g. 2.29
Tom Hendricks, 2.30
Thos. L. Young, ch. g. 2.19½
Tom Keeler, b. g. 2.26
Thos. Jefferson, blk. s. 2.23
Tom Britton, br. g. 2.27½
Tom Walter, s. g. 2.29
Tom Moore, b. g. 2.28
T. A., b. g. 2.28
Tom Brown, s. g. 2.27½
Unknown, ch. g. 2.23
Viola, b. m. 2.28
Vanity Fair, b. g. 2.24¼
Western, b. g. 2.30
Western Girl, b. m. 2.27
W. B. Whitman, or Billy Barr, 2.23¾
W. K. Thomas, g. g. 2.26½
W. H. Allen, b. s. 2.23¼
Winthrop Morrill, Jr. 2.28¾
White Cloud, wh. g. 2.27½
Whitestockings, 2.30
Westfield, ch. g. 2.26½
Wild Oats, br. g. 2.29¼
Wellesley Boy, b. g. 2.26¾
Whalebone, b. g. 2.29
Young Bruno, b. g. 2.22¾
York State, b. g. 2.23¼
Young Rattler, 2.30
Young Magna, b. g. 2.29
Young Grafton, ch. h. 2.30
Zephyr, br. m. 2.30

[2] Dead.

RULES AND REGULATIONS ADOPTED BY THE NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF THE AMERICAN TROTTING TURF.

RULE 1.—_Mandate._—All trotting and pacing engagements and performances over the several courses which are, or shall be represented by membership in the “NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR THE PROMOTION OF THE INTERESTS OF THE AMERICAN TROTTING TURF,” and each and every person who shall in any way be concerned or employed therein, as well as all associations and proprietors themselves who are or shall become members of said National Association, shall be governed by the following rules from and after February 4th, 1874. [See also Articles 12 and 13 of By-Laws.]

RULE 2.—_Entries._—All entries for premiums must be made under cover, enclosing the entrance money for purses and forfeits in sweepstakes, and sealed and addressed to or deposited with the Secretary, or other person authorized to receive the same, at such time and place as shall have been prescribed.

Notices by telegraph of intention to enter shall be received up to the hour advertised for closing, and all such entries shall be eligible, provided the entrance fee specified shall be paid in due course, by mail or otherwise. [See also Art. 17 of By-Laws.]

It shall be the duty of the Secretary, or other person authorized, to prepare the list of entries for publication, comprising all information necessary for the enlightenment of the general public and parties to the race; and all entries as aforesaid shall be opened and announced at a public meeting, of which reasonable notice by advertisement or otherwise shall be given to the parties in interest.

RULE 3.—_Entrance Fee._—The entrance fee shall be 10 per cent. of the purse, unless otherwise specified; and any person failing to pay his entrance dues may, together with his horse or horses, be suspended until they are paid in full, which shall be with an addition of 10 per cent. penalty and interest at 7 per cent. per annum until paid—the penalty to go to the National Association. _Provided_, that no such suspension imposed after April 1, 1874, shall be lawful unless imposed within sixty days from the close of the meeting; _and further provided_, that any entry which shall be accepted upon conditions differing from those applied by the terms of the race to other entries in the same class shall be regarded a “conditional entry,” and as such shall be void. And any associate member who shall accept any such conditional entry, shall, upon satisfactory evidence produced to the Board of Appeals, be held to forfeit to the National Association 20 per cent. of the amount of the purse in which such conditional entry has been accepted.

RULE 4.—_How Many to Enter._—In all purses three or more entries are required, and two to start, unless otherwise specified.

RULE 5.—_Horses to be Eligible when Entries Close._—A horse shall not be eligible to start in any race that has beaten the time advertised prior to the closing of the entries for the race in which he is entered, unless otherwise specified in the published conditions.

Horses shall not be eligible if the time specified has been beaten by them at a greater distance; that is, a horse having made two miles in five minutes is eligible for a 2:30 race, but not eligible for a race limited to horses of a slower class than that.

RULE 6.—_Description and Name of each Horse Required._—An accurate and satisfactory description of each entry will be required, and shall be in the following form, to wit:

_Color._—The color and marks shall be accurately given.

_Sex._—It shall be distinctly stated whether the entry be a stallion, mare, or gelding, and the names of the sire and dam shall be given in all cases (and when unknown shall be so stated in the entry), under penalty of $25 fine for each omission. And the pedigree so given shall be published by the associate member with the advertisement of entries.

_Name of Horse._—Every horse shall be named, and the name correctly and plainly written in the entry; and after trotting in a public race such name shall not be changed, except by permission of the Board of Appeals, and upon payment of a recording fee of $10, the fee to go to the National Association; for each violation of this requirement a fine of $100 shall be imposed, together with suspension or expulsion; and if the horse has ever trotted in a public race the last name under which he or she trotted shall be given with the entry; and if the name has been changed within two years, each name he or she has borne during that time must be given; and if any horse without a name has ever trotted in a public race, mention must be made in the entry of a sufficient number of his or her most recent performances, to enable interested parties to identify the animal; _provided_, that it shall not be necessary to furnish any one association or proprietor with the same record the second time.

In entries and nominations hereafter made, the words “no name” shall not be received as a name; neither shall such descriptive words as “bay horse,” “gray mare,” &c., be allowed as names, under penalty of a fine not to exceed the entrance fee, to be imposed on the member who violates this restriction.

A horse having once been named, shall not again start in a race on any course in the United States or Canada without a name, nor under a different name, unless the foregoing requirements have been complied with.

_Double Teams._—In all double-team races the entry must contain the name and description of each horse, in the manner provided for entry of single horses.

RULE 7.—_Name and Address._—The residence and post-office address, in full, of the person or persons in whose name an entry is made, and if he or they be not the owner, then that of the owner or owners also must accompany each nomination.

RULE 8.—_Entries that Cannot Start._—As many horses may be entered by one party, or as many horses trained in the same stable as may be desired, but only one that has been owned or controlled in whole or in part by the same person or persons, or trained in the same stable within ten days preceding the race, can start in any race of heats.

RULE 9.—_No purse for a “Walk Over.”_—No purse will be awarded for a “walk over,” but in cases where only one of the horses entered for any premium shall appear on the course, he shall be entitled to his own entrance money and to one-half of the entrance money received from all other horses entered for said premium.

RULE 10.—_In Case of Death, Engagements Void._—All engagements, including obligations for entrance fees, shall be void upon the decease of either party or horse, so far as they shall affect the deceased party or horse; but forfeits, also matches made play or pay, shall not be affected by the death of a horse.

RULE 11.—_Match Races._—In all match races these rules shall govern, unless the contrary be expressly stipulated and assented to by the club, association, or proprietor of the course over which the race is to come off.

RULE 12.—_When Matches Become Play or Pay._—In all matches made to come off over any of the associate courses, the parties shall place the amount of the match in the hands of the stakeholder one day before the event (omitting Sunday) is to come off, at such time and place as the club, association, or proprietor, upon application may determine, and the race shall then become play or pay.

RULE 13.—_Purse or Stakes Wrongfully Obtained._—A person obtaining a purse or stake through fraud or error shall return it to the Treasurer if demanded within one year, or be punished as follows: He, together with the parties implicated in the wrong, and the horse or horses, shall be expelled until such demand is complied with, and such stake or purse shall be awarded to the party justly entitled to the same.

RULE 14.—_Fraudulent Entries, or Meddling with Horses._—Any person found guilty of dosing or tampering with any horse, or of making a fraudulent entry of any horse, or of disguising a horse with intent to conceal his identity, or being in any way concerned in such a transaction, shall be expelled.

Any horse that shall have been painted or disguised, to represent another or a different horse, or shall have been entered in a purse in which he does not belong, shall forfeit the entrance money and be expelled.

RULE 15.—_Reward._—A reward of $50 will be paid to the person who shall first give information leading to the detection and conviction of any fraudulent entry and the parties thereto, to be paid out of the funds of the National Association for the Promotion of the Interests of the American Trotting Turf, by the Treasurer, upon the decision and order of the Board of Appeals; _provided_, that this shall not be construed to extend to courses outside of this Association.

RULE 16.—_Protests._—Protests maybe made verbally before or during a race, and shall be reduced to writing, and shall contain at least one specific charge, and, when required, a statement of the nature of the evidence upon which they are based, and they shall be filed with the Judges, Association, or proprietor before the close of the meeting.

The Judges shall in every case of protest demand that the rider or driver, and the owner or owners, if present, shall immediately testify under oath, in the manner hereinafter provided; and in case of their refusal to do so, the horse shall not be allowed thereupon to start or continue in that race, but shall be considered and declared ruled out, with forfeit of entrance money.

But if the parties do comply, and take the oath as herein required, unless the Judges find conclusive evidence to warrant excluding the horse, they shall allow him to start or continue in the race under protest, and the premium, if any is won by that horse, shall be retained a sufficient length of time (say three weeks) to allow the parties interested a chance to sustain the allegations of the protest, or to furnish information which shall warrant an investigation of the matter by the associate member, or the Board of Appeals, and all outside bets on such horse shall be held in abeyance pending the decision of such protest; _provided_, that where no action as aforesaid has been taken to sustain a protest, during three weeks, the associate member shall proceed as if such protest had not been made.

In any heat which such protested horse shall win, the Judges shall waive the application of a distance as to all other horses, except for “fouls” defined in Rule 48.

When a protest is presented before or during a race, and the parties refuse to make the prescribed oath, if the Judges believe the refusal is designed to favor a fraud, they may require the horse under protest to start or continue in the race.

Any person found guilty of protesting a horse falsely and without cause, or merely with intent to embarrass a race, shall be punished by a fine not exceeding $100, or by suspension not to exceed one year, or by expulsion.

When a protest has been duly made, or any information lodged with the Judges in support of a protest, alleging an improper entry or any act prohibited or punishable under these rules, the same shall not be withdrawn or surrendered before the expiration of three weeks, without the approbation of the association or proprietor of the course upon which such protest or information was produced; and if any association or proprietor shall permit such a withdrawal of protest or information, with a corrupt motive to favor any party who shall be affected by the same, the association or proprietor so permitting, if convicted thereof by the Board of Appeals, shall be expelled from all connection with the National Association.

Associations or proprietors shall be warranted in retaining the premium of any horse, during the time herein mentioned, without any formal protest, if before it is paid they shall receive information in their judgment tending to establish fraud.

The oath required in answer to protest shall be in the following form, to wit:

I ________ of ________ in the County of ________ State of ________ on oath depose and say that I am the ________ of the ________ called ________ the same entered in a purse for horses that have never trotted better than ________ minutes and ________ seconds, to be trotted this day on this course, and the same that has been protested, and to which protest this affidavit is in answer, hereby declare and affirm that to the best of my knowledge and belief said before-mentioned horse is eligible to start or compete in the race aforesaid; and that I fully believe all the provisions and conditions required in the rules and regulations for the government or trials of speed over this course were fully and honestly complied with in making the entry aforesaid.

Given under my hand, at ________ this ________ day of ________ A. D. 187__.

________________

Subscribed and sworn to before me, this ________ day of ________ A. D. 187__.

________________

_Justice of the Peace._

[NOTE.—In the absence of a Justice of the Peace, if this oath be administered by an officer of the association, or one of the Judges of the race, it will be considered sufficient for the purposes of the National Association.]

RULE 17.—_When Horses Shall not be Drawn._—No horse shall be drawn except by permission of the Judges of the race, under penalty of being expelled, unless at or before seven o’clock P. M. of the day preceding the race (omitting Sunday), the proper party shall have lodged with the President, Secretary, or proprietor of the course, a written notice of his intention not to start, after which notice the horse so drawn shall be ineligible to start in the race.

Parties having two or more entries in one race shall elect which they will not start, and notify their decision at the same time, in the same manner, and under the same penalty as provided above.

RULE 18.—_Power of Postponement._—In case of unfavorable weather, or other unavoidable cause, each association or proprietor shall have power to postpone to the next fair day and good track (omitting Sunday), all purses or sweepstakes, or any race to which they have contributed money, upon giving notice thereof; and they may exercise this power before or after the race has commenced. [See also Rule 19.]

RULE 19.—_No Trotting After Dark._—No heat shall be trotted when it is so dark that the horses cannot be plainly seen by the Judges from the stand, but all such races shall be continued by the Judges to the next fair day (omitting Sunday), at such hour as they shall designate.

In all matches and stakes, the above rule shall govern, unless otherwise especially agreed between the parties and the association or proprietors.

RULE 20.—_Weights and Weighing._—Every horse starting for purse, sweepstake, or match, in any trotting or pacing race, shall carry, if to wagon or sulky, 150 lbs., exclusive of harness: and if under the saddle, 145 lbs., the saddle and whip only to be weighed with the rider.

Riders and drivers shall weigh in the presence of one or more of the Judges previous to starting for any race, and after each heat shall come to the starting stand, and not dismount or leave their vehicles without permission of the Judges, and those who are deficient in bodily weight shall be re-weighed after each heat. Any rider or driver not bringing in his required weight shall be distanced, unless such decision shall be deemed to favor a fraud. But a rider or driver thrown or taken by force from his horse or vehicle, after having passed the winning-post, shall not be considered as having dismounted without permission of the Judges, and if disabled may be carried to the Judges’ stand to be weighed, and the Judges may take the circumstances into consideration and decide accordingly. And the riders or drivers who shall carry during the heat and bring home with them the weights which have been approved or announced correct and proper by the Judges, shall be subject to no penalty for light weight in that heat; provided the Judges are satisfied the mistake or fault was their own, and that there has been no deception on the part of the rider or driver who shall be deficient in weight; but all parties shall thereafter carry the required weight.

RULE 21.—_Handicaps and Miscellaneous Weights._—In matches or handicaps, where extra or lesser weights are to be carried, the Judges shall carefully examine and ascertain before starting, whether the riders, drivers or vehicles are of such weights as have been agreed upon or required by the match or handicap, and thereafter the riders and drivers shall be subject to the same penalties and conditions as if they were to carry the weights prescribed by the rules.

RULE 22.—_When Riders and Drivers are Overweight._—If the bodily weight of any rider or driver shall be found to exceed that which is prescribed in the rules, or that which is required by the conditions of the race, and the overweight shall exceed twenty pounds, it shall be announced from the stand before the heat; and the judges shall have power, if in their belief such extra weight was imposed on the horse for an improper or fraudulent purpose, to substitute another rider or driver of suitable weight; and if they believe the horse has been prejudiced in the race by such overweight, he shall not be allowed to start again or continue in the race, and all outside bets on such horse shall be declared off. [See also Rule 28.]

A horse prevented by this rule from continuing in the race shall not be distanced, but _ruled out_.

RULE 23.—_Length of Whips._—Riders and drivers will be allowed whips not to exceed the following lengths: For saddle horses, 2 ft. 10 in,; sulkies, 4 ft. 8 in.; wagons, 5 ft. 10 in.; double teams, 8 ft. 6 in.; tandem teams and four-in-hand, unlimited: snappers, not longer than three inches, will be allowed in addition to the foregoing measurement.

RULE 24.—_Judges’ Stand._—None but the Judges of the race in progress, and their assistants, shall be allowed in the Judges’ stand during the pendency of a heat, except members of the Board of Appeals.

RULE 25.—_Selection of Judges._—[See also Art. 13 of By-Laws.] In every exhibition or race, over any course represented in the National Association, each course for itself, through the proprietor or association controlling the same, shall choose or authorize the selection of three (3) competent Judges, for the day or race, who shall understand the rules of the said National Association, and shall rigidly enforce the same; and all their decisions shall be subject to and in conformity with said rules.

Any person having any interest in, or any bet dependent upon the result of a race, or having any interest in either of the horses engaged therein, shall thereby be disqualified and restricted from acting as a Judge in that race. And if any person who is thus disqualified shall intentionally and deceptively violate this restriction, he shall, upon conviction thereof by the Board of Appeals, be adjudged guilty of a dishonorable act, for which he shall be expelled from every course represented in said National Association.

RULE 26.—_Authority of Judges._—The Judges of the day or race shall have authority, while presiding, to appoint distance and patrol judges and timers; to inflict fines and penalties, as prescribed by these rules; to determine all questions of fact relating to the race over which they preside; to decide respecting any matters of difference between parties to the race, or any contingent matter which shall arise, such as are not otherwise provided for in these rules; but all their decisions shall be in strict conformity with the rules, or with the principles thereof. They shall have control over the horses about to start, and the riders or drivers and assistants of the horses, and, in the absence of other provision in these rules, they shall have authority to punish by a fine not exceeding $100, or by suspension or expulsion, any such person who shall fail to obey their orders or the rules.

RULE 27.—_Distance and Patrol Judges._—In all races of heats there shall be a Distance Judge appointed by the Judges of the race or by those in authority, who shall remain in the distance stand during the heats, and immediately after each heat shall repair to the Judges’ stand and report to the Judges the horse or horses that are distanced, and all foul or improper conduct, if any has occurred under his observation.