Chapter XI (6)

Patrol Judges may be similarly appointed, and it shall be their duty to repair in like manner to the Judges’ stand, and report all foul or improper conduct, if any has occurred under their observation.

RULE 28.—_Powers and Duties of Judges._—The Judges shall be in the stand fifteen minutes before the time for starting the race; they shall weigh the riders or drivers, and determine the positions of the horses, and inform each rider or driver of his place, before starting; they may require the riders and drivers to be properly dressed; they shall be prepared to take the time of each heat in the race, and they may appoint some suitable person or persons to assist them in that respect, and the time so taken shall be recorded and announced in conformity with these rules. [See also Rules 39 and 40, and Art. 13 of By-Laws.]

The Judges shall ring the bell, or give other notice, ten minutes previous to the time announced for the race to come off, which shall be notice to all parties to prepare for the race at the appointed time, when all the horses must appear at the stand, ready for the race, and any rider or driver failing to obey this summons may be punished by a fine not exceeding $100, or his horse may be ruled out by the Judges and considered drawn; but in all stakes and matches a failure to appear promptly at the appointed time shall render the delinquent party liable to forfeit.

The result of a heat shall not be announced until the Judges are satisfied as to the weights of the riders or drivers, and sufficient time has elapsed to receive the reports of the Distance and Patrol Judges.

The Judges shall not notice or consider complaints of foul from any person or persons except the Distance and Patrol Judges appointed by themselves or by those in authority, and from owners, riders, or drivers in the race.

If the Judges believe that a horse is being or has been “pulled,” or has been ridden or driven in other respects improperly, with a design to prevent his winning a heat which he was evidently able to win, and that such act was done on the part of the rider or driver for the purpose of throwing the race, or to perpetrate or aid a fraud, they may declare that heat void, and they shall have power to substitute a competent and reliable rider or driver for the remainder of the race, who shall be paid a reasonable compensation for his services, but not to exceed $50; and any professional rider or driver who, without good and sufficient reason, refuses to be so substituted, may be fined, suspended, or expelled, by order of the Judges and upon approval of the Board of Appeals; and if the result and circumstances of the race shall confirm their belief, the rider or driver so removed shall be expelled by the Judges. And at the close of the race, if they are warranted under the foregoing circumstances in deciding that such improper conduct has changed the result of the race to the prejudice of innocent parties, they shall declare all outside bets “off,” and if the owner or person or persons controlling the offending horse shall be a party or parties to such fraud, he or they, together with the horse, shall be punished by expulsion. [See also Rules 22 and 48.]

RULE 29.—_Starting and Keeping Positions._—No rider or driver shall cause unnecessary delay after the horses are called up, either by neglecting to prepare for the race in time, or by failing to come for the word, or otherwise; and in scoring, if the word is not given, all the horses in the race shall immediately turn, at the tap of the bell or other signal given, and jog back for a fresh start. But there shall be no recall after the starting word or signal has been given. _Provided, however_, that if the Judges shall through any error give signal of recall, _after having given the word_, DISTANCE shall be waived in that heat, except for foul riding or driving.

When the Judges are prevented from giving a fair start by a horse or horses persistently scoring ahead of others, or being refractory, or from any other fault of either horse, rider, or driver, it shall be their duty, after three scorings, to select one of the contending horses, of average speed compared with the others, and no driver shall come up in advance of said horse before crossing the score.

No driver shall be allowed to sponge out his horse or horses oftener than once in five times scoring.

If these requirements are not complied with on the part of any rider or driver, the Judges may not only start the race, or give the word without regard to the absence or position of the offending party or parties, but the offender may be punished by a fine not exceeding $100, or by suspension not to exceed one year.

In all cases, the starting word or signal shall be given from the Judges’ stand, and in no instance shall a standing start be given.

When, through any fault of either horse, rider, or driver, the Judges are prevented from giving a fair and prompt start, they shall warn the faulty party of the penalties to which he is subject, and if such warning is not heeded, they shall rigidly enforce said penalties.

The horse winning a heat shall take the pole (or inside position) the succeeding heat, and all others shall take their positions in the order assigned them in judging the last heat. When two or more horses shall make a dead heat, the horses shall start for the succeeding heat in the same positions they occupied at the finish of the dead heat.

In coming out on the homestretch the foremost horse or horses shall keep the positions first selected, or be liable to be distanced; and the hindmost horse or horses, when there is sufficient room to pass on the inside or anywhere on the homestretch, without interfering with others, shall be allowed to do so, and any party interfering to prevent him or them shall be distanced.

If a horse, in attempting to pass another on the homestretch, should at any time cross or swerve, so as to impede the progress of a horse behind him, he shall not be entitled to win that heat.

Although a leading horse is entitled to any part of the track, except after selecting his position on the homestretch, he shall not change from the right to the left, or from the inner to the outer side of the track, during any part of the race, when another horse is so near him that in altering his position he compels the horse behind him to shorten his stride, or causes the rider or driver of such other horse to pull him out of his stride; neither shall any horse, rider, or driver, cross, jostle, or strike another horse, rider, or driver, nor swerve or do any other thing that impedes the progress of another horse; nor shall any horse, in passing a leading horse, take the track of the other horse so soon after getting the lead as to cause the horse passed to shorten his stride.

In any heat wherein there shall be a violation of any of these restrictions, the offending horse shall not be entitled to win the heat, and he shall be placed behind all other horses in that heat. And if the impropriety was intentional on the part of the rider or driver, the offending horse may be distanced, and the rider or driver shall be suspended or expelled. [See also Rule 48.]

RULE 30.—_Horses Breaking._—When any horse or horses break from their gait in trotting or pacing, their riders or drivers shall at once pull them to the gait in which they were to go the race, and any party failing to comply with this requirement, if he come out ahead, shall lose the heat, and the next best horse shall win the heat; and whether such breaking horse come out ahead or not, all other horses shall be placed ahead of him in that heat, and the Judges shall have discretionary power to distance the offending horse or horses, and the rider or driver may be punished by a fine not to exceed $100, or by suspension not exceeding one year.

Should the rider or driver comply with this requirement, and the horse should gain by a break, twice the distance so gained shall be taken from him at the coming out; but this provision must not be so construed as to shield any trotting or pacing horse from punishment for running.

In case of any horse (in a trotting race) repeatedly breaking, or running, or pacing, while another horse is trotting, the Judges shall punish the horse so breaking, running, or pacing, by placing him last in the heat, or by distancing him.

A horse breaking at or near the score shall be subject to the same penalty as if he broke on any other part of the track.

RULE 31.—_Relative to Heats and Horses Eligible to Start._—In heats, one, two, three, or four miles, a horse not winning one heat in three, shall not start for a fourth, unless such horse shall have made a dead heat. In heats best three in five, a horse not winning a heat in the first five shall not start for a sixth, unless said horse shall have made a dead heat. But where ten or more horses start in a race, every horse not distanced shall have the right to compete until the race is completed—subject, however, to all other penalties in these rules.

RULE 32.—_Dead Heats._—A dead heat shall be counted in the race, and shall be considered a heat which is undecided only as between the horses making it, and it shall be considered a heat that is lost by all the other horses contending therein; and the time made in a dead heat shall constitute a record for each horse making such dead heat.

Whenever each of the horses making a dead heat would have been entitled to terminate the race had he won said dead heat, they only shall start again; and, in that case, each of the horses thus prevented from starting shall retain his position in the award of premiums as if said dead heat had been decided in favor of one of the horses which made the same a “dead heat.”

A horse prevented from starting by this rule shall not be distanced, but ruled out.

RULE 33.—_Time Between Heats._—The time between heats shall be twenty minutes for mile heats; and for mile heats best three in five, twenty-five minutes; and for two-mile heats, thirty minutes; for three-mile heats, thirty-five minutes; and should there be a race of four-mile heats, the time shall be forty minutes.

After the first heat the horses shall be called five minutes prior to the time of starting.

RULE 34.—_Time Allowed in Case of Accidents._—In case of accidents, ten minutes shall be allowed; but the Judges may allow more time when deemed necessary and proper.

RULE 35.—_Collision and Break-Down._—In case of collision and break-down, the party causing the same, whether willfully or otherwise, may be distanced; and if the Judges find the collision was intentional or to aid fraud, the driver in fault shall be forthwith suspended or expelled, and his horse shall be distanced; but, if necessary to defeat fraud, the Judges may direct the offending horse to start again.

No horse but the offending one shall be distanced in such a heat, except for foul driving.

The Judges in a concluding heat, finding that a collision involved a fraudulent object, may declare that heat void. [See also Rule 48.]

RULE 36.—_Placing Horses._—A horse must win a majority of the heats which are required by the conditions of the race to be entitled to the purse or stake; but if a horse shall have distanced all competitors in one heat, the race will then be concluded, and such horse shall receive the entire purse and stakes contended for.

When more than one horse remains in the race entitled to be placed at the finish of the last heat, the second best horse shall receive the second premium, if there be any; and if there be any third or fourth premium, etc., for which no horse has won and maintained a specific place, the same shall go to the winner; _provided_, that the number of premiums awarded shall not exceed the number of horses which started in the race.

The foregoing provisions shall always apply, in such cases, unless otherwise stated in the published conditions of the race.

In deciding the rank of horses other than the winner, as to second, third, and fourth places, etc., to be assigned among such as remain in the race entitled to be placed at the conclusion of the last heat thereof, the several positions which have been assigned to each horse so contending shall be considered as to every heat in the race—that is, horses having won two heats, better than those winning one; a horse that has won a heat, better than a horse only making a dead heat; a horse winning one or two heats and making a dead heat, better than one winning an equal number of heats but not making a dead heat; a horse winning a heat or making a dead heat and not distanced in the race, better than a horse that has not won a heat or made a dead heat; a horse that has been placed “second” twice, better than a horse that has been placed “second” only once, etc.

When two or more horses shall be equal in the race at the commencement of a final heat thereof, they shall rank as to each other as they are placed in the decision of such final heat.

In case these provisions shall not give a specific decision as to second and third money, etc., the Judges of the race are to make the awards according to their best judgment, but in conformity with the principles of this rule.

RULE 37.—_Distances._—In races of mile heats, 80 yards shall be a distance. In races of two-mile heats, 150 yards shall be a distance. In races of three-mile heats, 220 yards shall be a distance. In races of mile heats, best three in five, 100 yards shall be a distance. But if any association or proprietor shall choose, they can provide, in heats of not over one mile, wherein eight or more horses contend, to increase the distance one-half, in which case such change shall be stated in the published conditions of the race before entry.

All horses whose heads have not reached the distance-stand as soon as the leading horse arrives at the winning-post shall be declared distanced, except in cases otherwise provided for, or the punishment of the leading horse by setting him back for running, when it shall be left to the discretion of the Judges.

A distanced horse is out of the race, and if in any heat one horse shall distance all competitors the race will then be completed, and the winner shall be entitled to the entire purse and stakes contended for, unless otherwise stipulated in the published conditions of the race.

RULE 38.—_Rank Between Distanced Horses._—Horses distanced in the first heat of a race shall be equal, but horses that are distanced in any subsequent heat shall rank as to each other in the order of the positions to which they were entitled at the start of the heat in which they were distanced.

RULE 39.—_Time and its Record._—In every public race the time of each heat shall be accurately taken and placed in the record, and upon the decision of each heat the time thereof shall be publicly announced by the Judges, except as provided in these rules concerning those heats which are “not awarded to either of the leading horses.”

It shall be the duty of the Judges of the race to take the time as aforesaid, or to appoint some suitable person or persons to assist them in that respect, and no _unofficial_ timing shall be announced or admitted to the record. [See also Rule 40.]

RULE 40.—_Two Leading Horses to be Separately Timed._—The two leading horses shall be separately timed, and if the heat is awarded to either, his time only shall be announced and be a record.

In case of a dead heat, the time shall constitute a record for the horses making the dead heat; and if for any other cause the heat is not awarded to either of the leading horses, it shall be awarded to the next best horse, and no time shall be given out by the Judges or recorded against either horse; and the Judges may waive the application of the rule in regard to distance in that heat, except for foul riding or driving.

RULE 41.—_Suppression of Time._—In any public race, if there shall be any intentional suppression or misrepresentation in either the record or the announcement of the time of any heat in the race, procured through any connivance, or collusive arrangement, or understanding between the proprietor or Judges or Timers and the owner of the winning horse or his driver or other authorized agent, it shall be deemed fraudulent. And any horse winning a heat or making a dead heat wherein there was such a fraudulent suppression of time, together with the parties implicated in the fraud, shall by operation of the rules be thenceforth expelled.

RULE 42.—_A Public Race._—Any contest for purse, premium, stake, or wager, on any course, and in the presence of a Judge or Judges, shall constitute a public race.

RULE 43.—_When Time Becomes a Bar._—Time made at fairs and on any track, whether short or not, shall constitute a bar, the same as if made over a track that was full measurement.

RULE 44.—_When Time shall not be a Bar._—Time made under the saddle, as well as time made when two or more horses are harnessed together, shall constitute a record for races of the same character, but shall not be a bar for races of a different character.

RULE 45.—_Complaints by Riders or Drivers._—All complaints by riders or drivers, of any foul riding or driving, or other misconduct, must be made at the termination of the heat, and before the rider or driver dismounts or leaves his vehicle.

RULE 46.—_Decorum._—If any owner, trainer, rider, driver, or attendant of a horse, or any other person, use improper language to the officers of the course or the Judges in a race, or be guilty of any improper conduct, the person or persons so offending shall be punished by a fine not exceeding $100, or by suspension or expulsion. [See also Rule 48.]

RULE 47.—_Loud Shouting._—Any rider or driver guilty of loud shouting, or making other improper noise, or of making improper use of the whip during the pendency of a heat, shall be punished by a fine not to exceed $25, or by suspension during the meeting. [See also Rule 48.]

RULE 48.—_Fouls._—If any act or thing shall be done by any owner, rider, driver, or their horse or horses, during any race or in connection therewith, which these rules define or warrant the Judges in deciding to be fraudulent or foul, and if no special provision is made in these rules to meet the case, the Judges shall have power to punish the offender by fine not to exceed $100, or by suspension or expulsion. And in any case of foul riding or driving they shall distance the offending horse, unless they believe such a decision will favor a fraud.

The term “foul” shall be construed to apply to riding or driving contrary to rule, to any act of a fraudulent nature, and to any unprincipled conduct such as tends to debase the character of the trotting turf in the estimation of the public. [See also Rules 28, 29, 35, 46 and 47.]

RULE 49.—_Fines._—All persons who shall have been fined under these rules, unless they pay the fines imposed in full on the day of assessment, shall be suspended until they are so paid or deposited with the Treasurer of the National Association.

All fines which shall be paid to the association or proprietor on whose grounds they were imposed, shall by them be reported and paid to the Treasurer of said National Association.

RULE 50.—_No Compromise of Penalties._—In no case shall there be any compromise in the manner of punishment prescribed in the rules, but the same shall be strictly enforced.

RULE 51.—_Suspensions and Expulsions._—Whenever the penalty of suspension is prescribed in these rules, if applied to a horse, it shall be construed to mean a disqualification during the time of suspension to enter or compete in any race to be performed on the course of the association or proprietor; and if applied to a person, it shall be construed to mean a conditional withholding of all right or privilege to make an entry, or to ride, drive, train, or assist on the course and grounds of the association or proprietor.

If no limit is fixed in an order of suspension and none is defined in the rule applicable to the case, the punishment shall be considered as limited to the season in which the order was issued.

Whenever the penalty of expulsion is prescribed in these rules, it shall be construed to mean unconditional exclusion and disqualification from any participation in the privileges and uses of the course and grounds of the association or proprietor.

No penalty of expulsion shall be removed or modified, except by the order or upon the approval of the Board of Appeals.

Whenever either of these penalties has been imposed on any horse or person, on the grounds of any association or proprietor holding membership in said National Association, written or printed notice thereof shall immediately be forwarded to the Secretary of said National Association, stating the offense and the character of punishment, who shall at once transmit the information to each associated course or member; and thereupon the offender thus punished shall suffer the same penalty and disqualification with each and every association and proprietor holding membership in said National Association.

RULE 52.—_Right of Appeal._—Any person who has been subjected to the penalty of suspension, or a fine, by the decision of the Judges of a race, can appeal from such decision to the association or proprietor upon whose grounds the penalty was imposed, and from their decision can appeal to the Board of Appeals; _provided_, that where the penalty was a fine, it shall have been previously paid.

All decisions and rulings of the Judges of any race, and of the several associations and proprietors belonging to said National Association, may be appealed to the Board of Appeals, and shall be subject to review by said Board, upon facts and questions involving the proper interpretation and application of these rules, and their decisions shall be final; _provided_, that parties to be affected thereby, shall be notified as the Board shall direct, of a time and place when such appeal will be acted on by the Board.

_Provided further_, if the appeal relate to the decision of a race, immediate notice shall have been given to the Judges of the race, of the intention so to appeal. Notices of all other appeals must be given within one week from the announcement of the decisions appealed.

Any person who shall appeal from any order suspending him or his horse for non-payment of entrance money or a fine, may deposit the amount claimed with the Treasurer of said National Association, who may thereupon issue a certificate or notice temporarily reinstating or relieving the party and his horse from such penalty, subject to the final action of the Board of Appeals.

RULE 53.—_Age of a Horse—How Reckoned._—The age of a horse shall be reckoned from the first day of January of the year of foaling.

RULE 54.—_Colts and Fillies Equally Eligible to Enter._—All colts and fillies shall be eligible alike to all premiums and stakes for animals of their age, unless specially excluded by the conditions imposed.

RULE 55.—_A Green Horse._—A green horse is one that has never trotted or paced for premiums or money either double or single.

RULE 56.—_Races made and “No Hour Named.”_—All races shall be started at 3 o’clock P. M., from the 1st day of April to the 15th day of September, and after that date at 2 o’clock P. M., until the season closes, unless otherwise provided.

RULE 57.—_Race made and no Distance Specified._—When a race is made and no distance specified, it shall be restricted to the following distances, viz.: One mile and repeat; mile heats, best 3 in 5; two miles and repeat, or three miles and repeat, and may be performed in harness to wagon, or under the saddle.

RULE 58.—_Race made to “Go as they Please.”_—When a race is made to go as they please, it shall be construed that the performance shall be in harness, to wagon, or under the saddle; but after the race is commenced no change shall be made in the mode of going, and the race shall be deemed to have commenced when the horses appear on the track.

RULE 59.—_Race made to go “in Harness.”_—When a race is made to go in harness, it shall be construed to mean that the performance shall be to a sulky.

RULE 60.—_Matches made against Time._—When a horse is matched against time, it shall be proper to allow any other horse to accompany him in the performance, but not to be harnessed with or in any way attached to him.

In matches made against time, the parties making the match shall be entitled to three trials, unless expressly stipulated to the contrary, which trials shall be had on the same day—the time between trials to be the same as the time between heats in similar distances.

RULE 61.—_Horses sold with Engagements._—The seller of a horse sold with his engagements has not the power of striking him out.

In case of private sale, the written acknowledgment of the parties that the horse was sold with engagements, is necessary to entitle the buyer to the benefit of this rule.

A true copy from the record.

D. F. LONGSTREET. Secretary.

GENERAL INDEX.

PAGE.

AUTOBIOGRAPHY, 11

BITS USED IN EDUCATING HORSES ADDICTED TO BAD HABITS:
To prevent a horse getting his tongue over the bit, 251
Lolling the tongue, 251
Cure a horse sucking wind, 252
Dead mouth, 253
Cure a side-reiner, 253

CATTLE, EDUCATION OF:
To educate a cow not to kick while being milked, 327
To educate a cow to give down her milk, 331
Practical result of educating cows to give down milk, 335
To educate cattle to lead behind a wagon, 339
System of educating steers, 428

DIRECTIONS FOR FEEDING AND FITTING THE HORSE, 451

DOGS, EDUCATION OF:
To roll a barrel, 411
To fire a gun, 411
To pass between your legs, 415
To jump through hoops, 415
To stand on chairs, 416

DUNBAR SYSTEM OF HORSESHOEING, ETC., 445

EDUCATING THE HORSE, SYSTEM OF:
New method of haltering a vicious or wild colt, 161
Teaching the words “Come here”, 165
How to lay a horse down, 169
How to get a horse up that throws himself, 173
To educate a colt not to be afraid of his heels, 177
To educate a colt to drive before being harnessed, 181
How to educate a colt to move his body when he moves his head, 185
Improved method of bitting colts, 189
Educating a horse to ride, 193
Instructions to ride the colt, 197
To halter-break and hitch a colt in the stall, 201
To educate the horse not to kick at you when entering the stall, 205
To educate the horse that kicks or paws in the stable, 209
To prevent a horse from getting cast in the stall, 213
To educate a colt to lead behind a wagon, 217
To educate a horse that is bad to catch, 221
To educate a horse not to rear, 225
To educate and prevent a horse from cribbing, 229
To educate and break a halter-puller, 233
To educate a horse not to kick when the rein gets under his
tail, 237
Another method of educating a kicking horse, 241
To harden a tender-mouthed horse, 244
To educate the horse bad to groom, 247
Hugging the pole, 248
Luggers on the bit, 248
To educate horses not to fear objects while driving, 257
First lesson in educating horses not to fear an umbrella, 261
Second lesson in educating horses not to fear an umbrella, 265
Horse bad to bridle, 262
To educate a single-footed horse to trot square, 269
To educate a pacing horse to trot, 273
To educate a horse to trot fast, 277
To educate a horse not to kick while in shafts, 281
To educate and infuse life into a lazy horse, 287
To educate a balky horse to draw in double harness, 295
An easy method of starting a balky horse, 291
To educate a horse not to kick while being shod, 299
To educate a horse while standing bad to shoe, 303
Double hitch educating bridle, 307
A boon for the blacksmith, 311
To educate a horse not to be afraid of the cars, 315
To educate a horse to back at the word of command, 319
To educate horses or cattle not to jump fences, 323
To educate a tender-mouthed horse to pull on the bit, 343
To educate horses not to fear a buffalo robe—illustration and
instructions found between pages, 344 and 345
To educate and make a horse bad to catch, 399

FAST HORSES, RECORD OF, 513

HISTORY OF THE HORSE, 141

INTELLIGENCE OF ANIMALS, 345

MISCELLANEOUS:
The only practical way of administering medicine to a horse, 423
To tell a horse’s age, 425
New method to tell the age, 426
Sure method of producing a rapid growth in horses’ hoofs, 444
Corns and their treatment, 459
Ferren’s steel horseshoe, 362
Hoof-expanding shoe for contracted feet, 362

RECIPES—MANY NEVER BEFORE PUBLISHED:
An excellent liniment for sprains, splints or curbs, 270
A remedy for heaves, 324
A sure cure for worms in horses, 336
A cure for colic or gripes, 328
Cure for spavin, 408
Cure for windgalls, 408
Cure for colic, 419
Cure for heaves—never before published, 336
Diuretic drops, 284
Treatment of wounds, 266
To prevent horses being teased by flies, 304
An English stable liniment, 266
Liniment for contracted hoof, 296
For inflammation of the lungs, 324
To cure the scratches in the shortest time ever known, 392
To cure distemper, 404
To cure hide-bound, 404
To cure inflamed swellings or lame shoulders, 408
Ring bone remedy, 270
Remedy for botts, 266
Another cure for spavin, 424
A valuable liniment for sweeny, 316
Ointment for bruises, scratches, saddle galls, etc., 296
Nerve and bone liniment, 274
Sure cure for poll-evil and fistula, 274
To cure influenza, 496
Condition powders, 498
Glanders, 499
Lock-jaw, 503
To distinguish between distemper and glanders, 504
Chronic cough, 505
Treatment for Rheumatism, 505
Founder remedy, 506
Horse ointment, 506
Magic liniment, 507
French paste for bone spavin, 508
How to clean and oil harness, 509
Physic Ball, 510
To scatter poll-evil, 511
Healing salve for abrasion and cuts, 511
Wash for foul ulcers, 512
Antispasmodic tincture, 512

SHOEING, A TREATISE ON, 431
To prevent horses interfering, 441
To prevent overreaching, 443

TRICK HORSES:
To educate a horse to mount a pedestal, 367
To make a horse waltz, 368
To walk on his hind-feet, 371
To teach to say “No”, 372
To teach to go lame, 376
To teach to be vicious, 379
To teach to push a vehicle, 375
To teach to laugh, 380
To teach to walk on his knees, 383
To teach to drive a boy off a pedestal, 387
To teach to make a bow, 388
To teach to shake hands, 388
To teach to sit down, 391
To teach to bore for oil, 395
To teach to walk upright, 396
To teach to take handkerchief from his side, 403
To teach to kiss a boy, 407

RULES TROTTING COURSE, REVISED, 521