Chapter XXIV: Appendix: Alphabetical Series (1)

OF

NORSE, NORMAN, AND ANGLO-NORMAN,
OR NON-SAXON, SURNAMES.

Derived from

English Official Records

and from other Authentic
Sources.

[The learned Canon of Carlisle assures us that not only has Normandy supplied us with many of our family names, but it enjoys the distinction of having been the first to establish an hereditary surname. Few stop to consider that a surname thus conceived is not merely an heraldic vanity or device to give social dignity and distinction to those who bear it, but is in reality a scientific advance in the working nomenclature of a race. If to "name" is but to classify, the addition or introduction of the surname simply adds completeness and precision to the racial classification. Here, then, we have in the following list a large body of surnames coming almost directly from the land in which surnames are said to have originated. If a name, therefore, be merely that by which a thing is known, it would seem that a people who have borne these names continuously (as is historically attested) for _eight hundred years_ have in all likelihood inherited the characteristic traits, as well as the distinctive surnames, of the antique Norman race. In Kentucky, the original tone and vigor of the Norman people are unimpaired. Changes there have been; changes there will be; but, whatever changes may occur, there remains this one unalterable characteristic of the Norman race, that "the more you change it, the more it is the same."]

_Abbett_, a form of Abbott.

_Abbey_, for l'Abbe.

_Abbott_, or Abbot, Abbas (1180, Normandy), Abbot, Abbet, Thirteenth Century.

_Abel_, Aubeale, Normandy, Twelfth Century; Sir John Abel of Kent, 1313.

_Aberdeen_, Aberdern, Abadam, from Abadon. Normandy, 1180.

_Achard_, 1238, Berks.

_Ackin_, from Dakin.

_Acland_, or de Vantort, from Vantort in Mayenne; the baronets Acland.

_Acton_, or Barnell. From this family, Lord Acton.

_Adderley_, from Adderley Salop.

_Addington_, de Abernon, Normandy, 1112; one branch in Somerset.

_Adrian_, Hadrin (Normandy), Adrien (England).

_Agate_, a form of Haggett or Hacket.

_Agne_, Battle Abbey Roll.

_Agnew_, or Aigneaux, near Bayeux, England, Twelfth Century; Scotland, baronets Agnew.

_Ains_, from Aignes, near Angoulême.

_Airey_, Castle of Airey, Normandy; Airy--celebrated astronomer.

_Albert_, Walter and Peter Albert (Normandy, 1180).

_Albin_, or Albon, St. Auben (Robson).

_Alden_, Normandy, 1195.

_Aldworth_, or De la Mare.

_Aleman_ (Allman).

_Alfee_, for Alis or Ellis.

_Alison_, Barnard de Alençon (Sir Archibald Alison).

_Allan_, for Alan.

_Allanson_, Alison.

_Allebone._

_Alley_, from Ailly, near Falaise, a form of Hallett or Allet.

_Alleyne._

_Allison._

_Allman._

_Alpe_, for Heppe or Helps.

_Alpey_, Averay.

_Alvers_, or Alves.

_Amand._

_Amber_, from Ambrières.

_Ambler_, from Ampliers, or Aumliers, near Arras. England; Virginia.

_Amblie_, Hamley.

_Ambrose._

_Amery_, from Hamars, near Caen.

_Ames_, from Hiesmes, Normandy.

_Amherst_, or Henhurst.

_Amias_, Ames.

_Ammon_, Amond, Amand.

_Amory_, Darmer.

_Amos_, Ames.

_Amphlett._

_Amy._

_Ancell._ "Ansel," a famous colored "trainer" in Kentucky.

_Anders_, from Andres, near Boulogne.

_Andersen_ or Anderson (Scand.)

_Anderson-Pelham_, or De Lisle from the Castle of Lisle (Normandy). Sire Edmund Anderson, Chief Justice, temp. Elizabeth.

_Andersons_ of Kentucky, a distinguished family. Connected by blood with George Rogers Clark. Major Robert Anderson, of "Sumter" fame, was of this family.

_Andrew_, from St. Andre, Evreux.

_Andrews._ Geoffrey Andreas, 1180 (Normandy). Landaff W. Andrews, a bold, able, and popular Whig leader (Ky.), conspicuous in Congress (1842), and characterized by John Quincy Adams, who admired his courage and ability, as "a Nimrod Wildfire from Kentucky." (Vide Diary.) When he objected to one of Adams' resolutions (in which he was sustained by the Speaker) he looked, says Adams, "as savage as a famished wolf"; as Circuit Judge in Kentucky, during the Civil War, he rendered certain decisions that were distasteful to the Federal authorities. "That brother of yours," said General Palmer to Mrs. Thomas Steele, of Louisville, "is a bold judge."

_Angell_, from De l'Angle, from Les Angles, near Evreux.

_Anger_, from Angers, Anjou; also Angier.

_Angle_, Angell.

_Angwin_, for Angevin.

_Ankers_, for Anceres, vide Dancer.

_Anley_, or Andley, near Rouen.

_Annable_, or Annabell, from Anneboutt (Cotentin).

_Anne_, or Anns, from L'Agne, near Argenton (Normandy).

_Annesley._

_Ansell._

_Anstruther_, or Malberbe.

_Anthony_, St. Antoine, near Bolbec.

_Anvers_, or Danvers.

_Anvill_, or Hanwell, from Andeville, near Valognes.

_Arch_, or De Arques, from the Castle of Arques, near Dieppe. Joseph Arch, a famous English "labor leader."

_Archdeacon_, Archidiaconus, Normandy, 1180; England, 1086.

_Archer_, Arcuarius (general of bowmen), Sagittarius (Normandy), 1195.

_Archer_, or De Bois, armorially identified with De Bosco; Boys.

_Arden_, or Ardern; a Norman family; came to England in 1066.

_Argles_, Hargle (Hargis), Normandy, 1198.

_Aris_, a form of Heriz or Harris.

_Arle_, or Airel.

_Arliss._

_Armes._

_Armit._

_Arnald_, Arnold.

_Arnes._

_Arnold_, Ernaldus or Ernaut, Normandy, 1180; in England, 1272.

_Arrah_, Arrow.

_Arundel_, Hirendale, Normandy, 1198.

_Ascouga_, Askew.

_Ashburnham_, or De Criol.

_Ashley_, De Esseleia, Normandy, 1198.

_Ashley_, Cooper, or De Columbers, from Colombières, near Bayeux.

_Askew_, for Ascuo.

_Aspray_, from Esperraye, Normandy.

_Astor_, Willielmus Titz--Estus or Estor, Normandy, 1180, 1198; England, 1272.

_Aubrey_, the Norman origin of this name established.

_Aure_, with an aspirate. (Hoare.) Johne de Aur was summoned in 1268 to march against the Welsh.

_Auriol_, L'Oriel.

_Austin_, William Argustinus, Normandy, Twelfth Century.

_Aveling_, Aveline, Evelyn.

_Avens_, from Avernes, Normandy, 1180.

_Averance_, from Avranches, Normandy, 1130.

_Averell_, Avril, Normandy, 1198.

_Avery_, Every.

_Avery._ Traced to Aubrey, a Norman form of Albericus.

_Awdry_, from Audrien, or Aldry, near Caen.

_Ayers_, Ayres, Ayre.

_Aylard_, Allard.

_Ayre_, Eyre.

_Ayrton._

_Babington_, Normandy, 1180; England, Thirteenth Century. Bernard de Babington. Little Babington, Northumberland.

_Babot_, Babo, Normandy, 1195.

_Bachelor_, Normandy, 1195.

_Back_, Sir George Back, Arctic explorer. Vide Beck.

_Bacon._ (Roger and Francis Bacon members of this family.) Bacen or Bacco, Eleventh Century in Maine, Northman family.

_Bagehot_, for Bagot.

_Bagot._ A baronial family (Normandy); came to England at the Conquest. Henry Bagod, ancestor of house of Stafford.

_Bailey_, Baillie, from the Norman office of Le Bailli. The Baillies of Scotland a branch of De Quincys.

_Baine_, Bayne.

_Baird._ Ralph Baiart in Normandy before the Conquest. Godfrey Baiard in 1165 held a barony in Northumberland. From this line descended George Washington, the great American General.

_Baker_, Normandy, 1086; England, 1086.

_Baldwin_, Normandy, William Baldwinus, 1180; Robert, 1183; England, 1116.

_Ballance_, for Valence, Normandy, 1210.

_Bally_, for Baly.

_Bamfyld_, from Baionville, near Caen, 1093. In Thirteenth Century held lands of the Honour of Wallingford.

_Banard_, for Bainard, Banyard.

_Bancroft_, from Boncraft, near Warrington, Cheshire. See Butler.

_Band_, from Calvus or Le Band, England, 1083.

_Bangs_, for Banks.

_Banks_, from Banc, near Honfleur; England, 1130. The eminent savant, Sir Joseph Banks, a descendant.

_Banner_, 1180, Normandy, Le Baneor.

_Bannester_, from Banastre, now Beneter, near Estampes.

_Banyard._ Vide Beaumont.

_Barbot_, Normandy, 1188.

_Barbour_, from St. Barbe sur Gaillon, Normandy, where was situated the celebrated Abbey St. Barbara. (Vide British Family Surnames (Barber) London.) Barbour, a hamlet in Dumbartonshire. St. Barbe is on the Roll of Battle Abbey. William de St. Barbara, Bishop of Durham, 1143 A. D. Le Barbier, Court of Husting, London, 1258. John Barbour, a churchman and Archdeacon of Aberdeen (1357): traveled in France (temp. Edward III): employed in a high capacity in civil affairs: historian, poet, and Auditor of the Exchequer. James Barbour, born in Orange County, Virginia, U. S. Senator (1815-1825): Secretary of War: Minister to the Court of St. James. Philip Pendleton Barbour, brother of James Barbour, Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court. John S. Barbour (Virginia), member of Congress (1823-1833). James Barbour (Kentucky), Assistant State Auditor (under Helm): President Lexington and Danville R. R.: Cashier Branch Bank of Kentucky. Doctor Lewis Green Barbour of Louisville, late of Central University, is a finished scholar.

_Bardo_, for Bardolph.

_Bardolph_, England, 1165. Held lands in Normandy (Honour of Montfort).

_Barefoot_, Barfot, Normandy, 1180; England soon after.

_Barker._ Bercarius, Normandy, 1180. Le Bercher (England).

_Barker._ Norman French La Bercher. English surnames Barcarius and Le Barkere. William le Barcur.

_Barnes_, a form of Berners from Bernieres, near Falaise; England, 1086.

_Barnett._ Barnet (Barney), Bernai, Normandy.

_Barnewall_, from the Norman family De Barneval, England, 1086 (Domesday).

_Barney_, armorially identified with Berney.

_Barold_, Vide Barrell.

_Baron_, from Baron, near Caen, England, 1165.

_Barough_, armorially identified with Barrow.

_Barr_, from La Barre in the Cotentin. Tiger de Barra (Normandy, 1180).

_Barr._ La Barr, Normandy; Norman-French, De la Barre.

_Barrable_, for Barbal, Normandy, 1180.

_Barre_, armorially identified with Barry.

_Barrell_, Richard Barel, Normandy, 1180. See Battle Abbey Roll.

_Barrett._ (Domesday) Baret.

_Barrett._ John Buret, 1195. Walter de la Burette, Devon, 1272.

_Barrington_, or De Barenton, from Barenton, near Candebec, Normandy.

_Barrow_, Barou was near Falaise, Normandy. England, Barene, 1560.

_Barry_, armorially identified with Barr.

_Bartellot_ (or Bertelot), Normandy, 1180; England, 1272.

_Bartleet_, a form of Bartelot.

_Bartrum_, armorially identified with Bartram.

_Barwell_, from Berville, near Pont Andemar, 1165; England, 1086.

_Baskerville_, from Bacquerville, near Rouen. In 1109 Robert de Baskerville, on his return from Palestine, granted lands to Gloucester Abbey. The Baskervilles were early seated in Virginia.

_Baskett._ Walter Pesket, Normandy, 1180.

_Bass._ Richard le Bas, 1180. John Basse, England, 1272.

_Bassett_, from Bathet or Baset. Duke of the Normans of the Loire, 895. From this stock are descended the Doyleys (D'Ouilly), Lisores, and Downnays. Osmond Basset accompanied the Conqueror, 1066. There were Bassets in Devon, Essex, and Wales.

_Bassit_, from Biszeilles, near Lithe.

_Bastable._ Wastable, Normandy, 1180. Barnstaple (Lower).

_Bastard._ Robert Bastard, a baron in Devon, 1080, son of William the Conqueror. Also Baistard, Bestard.

_Baswell_, for Boswell.

_Batcheller._ Vide Bachelor.

_Bateley_, from Batilly, near Alençon, Normandy.

_Batell_, armorially identified with Battayle.

_Bateman_, from Baudemont in the Norman Vexin. Roger de Battemound, Northumberland, Thirteenth Century.

_Bath._ Ramier, afterwards De Bada.

_Bathurst._ Bateste, Bathurts. Thirteenth Century, Cranbrook, Kent.

_Batten._ Batin (Flemish?), 1272, England.

_Battle._ Batell.

_Batty_, from La Bathie, Maine, Ralph Baty, Thirteenth Century, Devon.

_Baugh_, or De Baa, from Bahais, near Contances.

_Bavin_, or Bavant, from Bavant, near Caen.

_Bax_, or Backs.

_Bayes_, for Boyes.

_Bayley._ Vide Baillie.

_Bayne._

_Baynes_, from Baynes, near Bayeux.

_Bazin_, Normandy, 1180; England, Fourteenth Century.

_Beach_, armorially identified with Beche or De la Beche. From Bac in Normandy, frequently written Bech and Beche in England.

_Beacham_, for Beauchamp.

_Beadel._ Normandy, 1180. Bucks, England, 1086. Bishop.

_Beadle_, for Beaddell.

_Beadon_, from Bidon in Burgundy. Held a fee from the Honour of Wallingford.

_Beale_, or Le Bele, a form of Bell.

_Beamand._

_Beamis_, formerly Beaumis, Beaumeys, or Beaumetz, from Beaumetz, near Abbeville. Dujardin Beaumetz was a famous medical savant of Paris, France, in the latter half of the Nineteenth Century.

_Beamish_, for Beamis.

_Beamont_, armorially identified with Beaumont of Yorkshire.

_Beamand_, the same.

_Bean_, for Bene.

_Beard_, armorially identified with Bard, a form of Baird.

_Beards_, for Beard.

_Bearfield_, for De Berville, from Berville, near Caen. William de Bareville, Normandy, 1180; Robert de B., England, 1272.

_Bease_, for Bisse.

_Beaten_, for Beaton.

_Beaton_, or Bethune. From the Carlovingian Counts of Artois. The Duke of Sully (Sully's "Memoirs") was of this family.

_Beauchamp_, from Beauchamp in the Cotentin. The same race as the Meurdracs, the Montagues and the Grenvilles. A familiar old-time name in Kentucky that has always appealed to lovers and writers of romance--notably to Charles Fenno Hoffman and William Gilmore Simms. "This illustrious name," says Lower, "is found in many countries of Europe; in Scotland, as Campbell; in England, as Fairfield; in Germany, as Schönau; and in Italy as Campobello." It was introduced into England at the Norman Conquest by Hugh de Belchamp, or Beauchamp, or de Bello Campo. Beauchamp is pronounced _Beecham_ in England.

_Beaufoy_, from Beaufay, near Alençon, Normandy, 1180. John de Beaufoy, England, 1320.

_Beaumont_, or Bayard. Two lines in England. One of the Beaumonts held the Castle of St. Luzanne for two years against William the Conqueror.

_Beaver_, for Bever.

_Beavill_, or Beville, from Beaville, near Caen, England, 1086 (Domesday).

_Beavis_, armorially identified with Beaufiz, England, 1316.

_Becket_, or Beckett. In 1180, Malger Bechet, Rouen, John and William Beket or Bekeit, 1198. _Ibid._ Thomas Beket's father was of Caen. Ralph de Beket, England, 1272; hence Thomas, the famous Archbishop of Canterbury.

_Becks_, for Beck. Vide Beach.

_Beckwith_, adopted in lieu of the original Norman name of Malbisse (Lower).

_Bedding_, or Bedin. Normandy, 1196; England, 1272.

_Bedell_, from the Suffolk gens (Thirteenth Century).

_Beech_, a form of Beach.

_Beecham_, a form of Beauchamp.

_Beecher_, armorially identified with Beach, of which it is a corruption.

_Beeden._ Vide Beadon.

_Beek_, armorially identified with Beck or Bec.

_Beeman_, for Beaman.

_Beeman_, for Beaumont (Lower).

_Beerill_, for Barrell.

_Beeson_, for Beisin, Normandy.

_Beeton_, for Beaton.

_Beever_, for Beevor.

_Beevor._ Berenger de Belver, or Bevor.

_Belcher._ Vide Belshes, England, 1272.

_Bell_, from Le Bel, a common surname in Normandy.

_Bellaers_, for Beller, from Bellieres, near Alençon. Normandy, 1180. Ralph Beler, 1325.

_Bellairs._ Vide Bellaers.

_Bellamy_, or Bellameys, from Belmeys or Beaumitz. Vide Beamiss.

_Bellany_, from Bellannay, Normandy.

_Bellard._ Beald heard (strong). An ancient baptismal name, Balard (The Hundred Rolls).

_Bellas_, a form of Bellowes.

_Bellchamber_, for Bellencombre Castle, near Dieppe. England, 1272.

_Bellet._ Belet, surname in Normandy, 1180; England, 1165. The Bellets were hereditary butlers to the King.

_Bellew_, from Belleau or Bella Aqua, Normandy, 1180. The Lords Bellew of Ireland are of this family.

_Belling._ A northern clan, noble and ancient.

_Bellis_, armorially identified with Bellew of Cheshire.

_Bellowes_, armorially identified with Bellew.

_Bellville_, Belleville, or Bellavilla, near Dieppe, Normandy.

_Belshes_, a corruption of Bellassidge.

_Belward_, a form of Belwar, Belver, or Belvoir. See Beevor.

_Bemes_, for Beamis.

_Bence._ Robert and William Bence, Normandy, 1180; England, 1272.

_Bene._ Hubert de Bene, Normandy, 1180; England, 1298.

_Benivell_, for Beneville, from Beneville, near Havre, Normandy, 1180; William de Bendeville, England, Twelfth Century.

_Benn_, for Bene.

_Bennet_, or Beneyt, Normandy, 1180.

_Bennett._ Beneyt, or Benedictus, a Norman family. Bennets, Earls of Arlington and Tankerville.

_Berey_, for Barrey or Barry.

_Beringer_, Normandy, 1195.

_Berks_, for Perks or Parks.

_Bernard._ Common name in Normandy, 1180; England, 1200.

_Bernes_, from Bernes, near Beauvais, 1167; England, 1272.

_Berney_, from Berney, Norfolk; Bernai, near Lisieux.

_Bernwell_, or Barnwall, 1086 (Domesday).

_Berrell_, for Barrell.

_Berrett_, for Barrett.

_Berry_, armorially identified with Barry.

_Bertie_, a form of Bertin which occurs in Battle Abbey Roll, Normandy, 1195; 1433, William Bertyn, one of the Kentish gentry.

_Bertin._ Vide Bertie.

_Bertram._ An illustrious Norman name. Vide Milford.

_Berwell._ Vide Barwell.

_Best._ An abbreviation of Bessett.

_Bever_, or Beever, armorially identified with Belvoir or Bovor of Leicestershire.

_Beverel._ Richard de Beverel, Normandy, 1180.

_Bevington._ Vide Bovington.

_Beville._ Vide Beavill.

_Bevir_, for Bever.

_Bevis_, Beavis.

_Bevis_, armorially identified with Beaufais, or Beauvais. Beauvays, Yorkshire, 1313.

_Bew_, for Bews.

_Bewett_, armorially identified with Bluett, also Blewitt.

_Bewley_, for Beaulieu.

_Bews_, for Bayeux, Bayouse, Beyouse, Bews.

_Bewsay_, for Bussey, or De Busci.

_Bewshea_, for Bewsay.

_Bick_, a form of Bec.

_Biddle_, for Bidell. Vide Beadle.

_Bidon_, for Bidun. Vide Beadon.

_Biggers._ Durand le Bigre, Normandy, 1180. Ranulph de Bigarz, 1198.

_Bigot._ Richard le Bigot, Normandy, 1180; Vide Wiggett.

_Biles_, a form of Byles.

_Bill_, a form of Boyle, armorially identified with Byle or Byles.

_Billes._ Vide Bill.

_Billett._ Bellet.

_Bing._ Byng, Binge.

_Bingham_, or De Buisle, from Builly, near Neuchatel (often supposed to be of Saxon origin). John de Bingham, named from his "lordship," Bingham, in Bucks. One of the family named the heiress of Turberville.

_Birbeck_, from Brabant. Henry de Birbecka, 1134.

_Birmingham_, or Paynel. Vide Paynel.

_Biron._ Vide Byron.

_Birt._ Vide Burt.

_Bishop._ Radulphus Episcopus, Normandy, 1180; Sir John Bischopp, England, 1315.

_Bisse_, armorially identified with Bissett.

_Bissell_, armorially identified with Bissett. Ralph and Henry Biset, Normandy, 1180. Sir John Byset, England, 1300.

_Black._ Odo and Robert Niger occur in Normandy, 1180. Robertus Niger held lands in Kent, 1086 (Domesday).

_Blackett._ An abbreviation of Blanchett.

_Blackstone_, or Le Breton. Blackstone, Devon, was held 1286 by Alured le Breton. In Thirteenth Century William Blackstone held lands at Stones of the Honour of Wallingford.

_Blagrave_, or Le Breton. Alicia de Blackgrave, Thirteenth Century. The name Le Breton indicates a Breton origin.

_Blake._ Admiral Robert, the great naval commander of Cromwell, was of Somerset, in which county Walter Blache occurs, 1273.

_Blakey._ The French pronunciation of Blaket. Vide Bleckett.

_Blanch._ William Blanc and Robert and John Blanche occur in Normandy, 1180. Henry Blanche, Oxford, 1272.

_Blanchard._ Ralph and William Blanchart were of Normandy, 1180. Gilbert and William Blanchard had estates in Lincoln. This fine old Norman family is readily traceable from Normandy to England, and from England to America. Colonel Robert Blanchard, with his tall, handsome figure and jocund face, would have thrown no discredit on his racial descent in any country, community, or social circle. His son, William Lytle Blanchard, an accomplished gentleman, was an officer in the Confederate service. Before the opening of the Civil War he had been an associate of Halliday (and other Anglo-Normans) in the establishment of the great overland route. William Lytle Blanchard was a first cousin of General William Haynes Lytle, of Cincinnati. The Blanchards are connected with the Rowans, Bollings, Lytles, Fosters, Stoths, and other distinguished families.

_Blancherville_, from the forest of B., Normandy. The family had branches in Ireland.

_Blanchet._ Robert and Ralph Blanchet.

_Blanquet_, or Blanket, Normandy, 1180. In England Blanchet or Blaket.

_Blashfield._ Anglicised form of Blancheville.

_Blaxton_, for Blackstone.

_Blay_, for Bleay.

_Bleakey_, for Blakey.

_Bleay._ De Ble, Normandy, 1180. De Blee, Stafford, 1180.

_Blennerhasset_, or De Tillial, from Tilliol, near Rouen. Richard de Tilliol, lord of Blennerhasset, Cumberland, temp. Henry I. The younger branches bore the name of Blennerhasset. A name to which the "Burr Expedition" gave a peculiar interest in Kentucky.

_Blessett_, for Blissett.

_Blews_, a form of Blew or Blue. Etard de Blew occurs in Kent, 1199, and Robert de Bloi in Essex. The name is a form of Bloi, Bloin, or Blohin of Bretagne, often written Blue. Vide Bligh and Blue.

_Bley_, for Bleay.

_Bligh_, for De Bloin, from Bretagne. Vide Darnley.

_Blindell_, for Blundell.

_Blizard_, Blizart. Perhaps from Blesum, Blois, meaning a native of Blois. The name is evidently foreign. Blizzard, Blizard, Blezard, Blizart, Blissett. Even the best authorities have differed as to the origin of this name. One English writer says: "Perhaps it is from Blesum, Blois, meaning a native of Blois" (Blizzard, which is Norman, is an analogous form). Another and later English authority says: "Blizard, Blezard, from the Danish Blichert, a strong sword player." A correspondent of the New York Tribune, July 19, 1891, says: "The old English word blizzard, which describes so picturesquely the English snow-blast, is spoken of as an 'Americanism.' Even such philologists and lexicographers as Murray treat the word as a recent 'Americanism.' So far from its being American in origin, it was not till within the last thirty years (according to Bartlett and other American philologists) that the word was ever heard in the Eastern States, and in the Western a 'blizzard' meant a knock-down blow--not from a snow-blast, but in an argument."

In reality, Blizzard is an old English surname, and is doubtless of Norman origin. In April, 1889, the writer of this note conversed with a Federal soldier, whose full name was Stephen Decatur Blizzard. He was of Anglo-Virginian stock; he was a soldier in the Civil War, and his name may still be found on the National Pension Rolls of that date. His postal address in 1889 was "Quincy, Lewis County, Kentucky."

Possibly the "snow-blast" took its name from some windy Anglo-Norman disputant, who wielded the sword of the spirit and dealt in apostolic blows and knocks.

The word "blizzard" does not appear in Worcester's dictionary, edition 1860. It is evidently of Scandinavian origin (Danish or Norman).

_Blockey._ The French pronunciation of Bloquet or Ploquet. Vide Denman.

_Blomefield._ Vide Bloomfield. Blomfield, bishop of London.

_Bloomfield_, armorially identified with Blomville from the lordship so named near Caen and Toques. Thomas de Blumville had custody of the estates of Earl Bigod in Suffolk.

_Blossett._ The Blossetts of Normandy were barons of Beneval and Vidames.

_Blount._ Le Blund, or Blundus, Normandy, 1180. Frequent notices of the name, Twelfth Century, in Essex.

_Blovice_, for Blois, or Blesum, France. Thomas Blois, living at Norton, Suffolk, 1470, was ancestor of the baronets Blois.

_Blow_, for Blue or Bloy. Vide Bligh.

_Blue_, Blew or Blews. Etard de Bleu occurs in Kent, 1179. The name was a form of Bloi (France). The original Norman form was Le Bleu. During the Civil War there came before one of our Kentucky courts a case in which there was a very interesting introduction of names that have been long traditionally associated--Black and Blue; the former the name of a great criminal lawyer (Jeremiah S. Black), and the latter the name of his client, Blew or Blue, the perpetrator of an atrocious crime. The case showed that the criminal was sadly "off" on color. He had killed an entire family of blacks; but was finally acquitted by the ingenuity and perseverance of his great "Scandinavian" lawyer.

_Black_, Blake, Bleek, Bleikr (Norse). Admiral Blake was Warden of the Cinque Ports, 1651. Victor Blue, an officer in the American service, won great distinction during the Spanish-American War.

_Bluett._ In 1084, Bluet, Normandy; Buqueville le Blouette, the family seat. Bluet, long a name of eminence in the West of England.

_Blundafield_, for Blindville. Vide Blomfield.

_Blundell._ Vide Blunden.

_Blunt._ Le Blount, Normandy, 1180. Hence baronets Blunt.

_Bly_, for Bloi. Vide Bligh.

_Boag_, for Bogne.

_Boase_, for Bowes. (Vide Lower.)

_Boat_, from Buat. The Castle of Buat, near Falaise. Sexus de Bue, Surry, 1180. Vide Bowett.

_Boax_, for Boase.

_Bobart_, N. Popart, Normandy, 1180.

_Bockerfield_, from Bocherville or Bucheville, Normandy.

_Bockett._ Originally Bouquet, Normandy, 1198.

_Bodel_, for Budell.

_Bodelly_, for Botelly, or Batelly. Vide Battey.

_Bodger._ Boschier, Normandy, 1180. Le Boghier, England, 1272.

_Body._ Norse. Diminutive of Bodvarr (wary in battle). Bodi, Bodin, Bot. French Bodé, Norman-French Bot. (1195.)

_Boffay_, from Beaufay, near Alençon, Normandy. Boffei, Normandy, 1195. Sometimes Bophay.

_Boggis._ William de Bogis, 1180, Normandy.

_Boggs._ Vide Boggis.

_Bogne_, for Boges or Boggis.

_Bois_, from Normandy, several families, viz.: (1) De Bois Armand, hereditary servants of the Counts of Breteuil, sires of Poilly. Flourished in Leicester.

(2) De Bois-Guillauman, of the bailifry of Caux, seated in Essex, 1086.

(3) DeBois. Herbert, baron of Halberton, Devon; Hugo de Bosco, 1083, England.

(4) De Bois. Robert or Roard, Bucks, 1086.

(5) De Bois. Barony Brecknock, 1088, named after him Trebois.

_Bole_, or Boels.

_Boles_, a form of Boels. Vide Boyle.

_Boleyn._ Queen Anna Boleyn was great-granddaughter of Sir Geoffrey Boleyn, Lord Mayor of London, temp. Henry VI. The family had formerly been of great consequence. There were two branches of it in England. William de Bolein held one fee in York and one in Lincoln. In the preceding generation Easton and Simon de Bologne, brothers of Pharamus de B., are mentioned in a charter of the latter. The familiar pronunciation is "Bullen."

_Bolland._ Richard de la Boillante, Normandy, 1198.

_Bollen_, armorially identified with Boleyn.

_Bolleng_, for Boulogne, or Boleyne.

_Bollowe_, for Bellewe or Bellew.

_Bolster_, for Bolster or Balistar. Vide Alabaster or Arbalister (Norman), a general of crossbowmen.

_Bolt_, from Bolt, or Bout, near Bayeux. Tascelinus de Boalt, Normandy, 1180. Reginald and Richard Bolt, Oxford, 1272. "Ben Bolt" at all times and everywhere. Composed by an American; cosmopolitanized by an Englishman. An "Anglo-Norman" song.

_Bolten-Nelson._ From the Boltons of Suffolk descend the Earls Nelson, who obtained their title as the nearest heirs in blood of the renowned Nelson.

_Bompas_, from Bonpas near Perpignan; a Visigoth family.

_Bonamy._ Radulphus de Bono-Amico, Burgundy, 1180. Robert and William Bon Ami, 1198.

_Bone_, armorially identified with Bohun of Midhurst, or De Falgeres. Vide Foulger.

_Bonell_, or Bunel, Lords of Tissey, near Caen (Des Bois).

_Boner._ Bartholomew Bonaire.

_Bonest_, from Banaste, or Banastre. Vide Bannister.

_Boney_, for Bonney.

_Bonfield_, for Bonville, from the Castle of Bouneville, Bondeville, Normandy.

_Bonham._ Humphrey and William Bonhomme, Cambridge, 1272.

_Bonhote_, or Bounot, a form of Bonnett, with which it is armorially identified.

_Bonner._ Norman-French. Bounaire (courteous).

_Bonnett._ Roger Bonitus, Sussex, 1075. Family seat near Alençon. The name occurs in Battle Abbey Roll.

_Bonney._ Nicholas and Richard Bonie occur in Normandy, 1189. Agnes and Alicia Bonye, Oxfordshire, 1092.

_Bonnivelle_, for Bonville. Vide Bonfield.

_Bonom_, for Bonham.

_Bonus_, armorially identified with Bonest.

_Boodle_, for Budell. Not familiar as a "surname" in Kentucky.

_Boog_, for Bogue.

_Booker._ Walter Bochier, Normandy, 1180. The name in England is armorially identified with Borcher. In Kentucky, the Bookers are an old and prominent family. A Mayor of Louisville was (maternally) of the Booker blood.

_Boole_, or Boyle. Buelles or Buels occurs in Normandy, 1195.

_Boolen_, for Bullen, or Boleyn.

_Bools._ Vide Boule.

_Boon_, or Boone, armorially identified with Bohun. The Norman family of that name descended from Humphrey de Bohun, who accompanied the Conqueror and was ancestor of the Bohuns, Earls of Hereford, Constables of England.

_Booser_, for Bowser.

_Boosey._ Alexander de la Buzeia, Normandy, 1180. Ralph Buse, England, 1194. "Boozy" in Kentucky.

_Boot._ The fief of Hugo Boot is mentioned in Normandy. "Perhaps a trader's name"--says Lower.

_Boothby._ A younger branch of the Barons de Tateshall, 1086 (Domesday).

_Borne._ Walter le Borne, Normandy, 1180.

_Borough_, or De Burgh, otherwise Tusard, which is the original Norman name.

_Borrell_, armorially identified with Burrell.

_Borrow_, armorially identified with Borough and Burgh.

_Bose_, for Boss.

_Boshell_, for Bushell.

_Bosher_, a form of Bourchier (Lower).

_Bosquet._ Vide Bockett.

_Boss._ Bos or Bose occurs in Normandy, 1180; in Bucks, 1194. The original "boss," in the modern sense (overseer, manager), was doubtless a burly, bull-necked Norman. It is noteworthy that "Boodle" is from the same source.

_Bossey._ Vide Boosey.

_Bossey._ Bussey.

_Bostel_, for Postel. Ralph Postel, Normandy, 1180.

_Bostfield_, for Bosville.

_Bosville._ Bosville, near Candebec, Normandy.

_Boswell_, armorially identified with Bosville. Probably in England from the time of the Conquest. The family emigrated from England to Scotland in the reign of David I. The change from "ville" to "well" as a termination is also seen in the alteration of Rooseville to Roswell, LaVille to Larwill, etc.

_Boterill._ Geoffry Boterel occurs in a Beaton charter, 1081.

_Botevyle_, from Bouteville, near Carenton, Normandy. The name occurs in Battle Abbey Roll. Butterfield probably a form of this old surname.

_Bott._ William Bott occurs in Normandy, 1195. Walter Bott in Oxfordshire, 1189. The writer has seen the names William and Elizabeth Bott in old Warwickshire records, and in an old prayer-book, temp. George III (Virginian families); the name may, also, be seen to-day (Botts, not Bott) upon tombs in old graveyards in Eastern Kentucky. The literal suffix "s" to such names as Bott, Hay, etc., is said to be an Americanism.

_Bottin._ William Bottin, Normandy, 1180. Thomas Buting or Boting.

_Botting_, for Bottin.

_Bottle._ Roger Botel, Normandy, 1195.

_Bottrell_, or Botterel, or De Botereaux, from Bottereaux, near Evreux. England, Twelfth Century.

_Bouche_, from Buces, now Bucels, near Caen. De Bueis, Normandy, 1180. De Buche, Surrey, 1199. Roger Buche, Norfolk.

_Bouchett_, a form of Bockett.

_Bouffler_, from Bouflers, near Abbeville. James Beaufleur (or Beauflour), collector Port of India, 1322.

_Boughey_, armorially identified with Bowett. The Baronets Boughey are maternally descended from Fletcher.

_Boughton_, or Boveton, for Boventon. Vide Boynton. Baronets de Boveton were of county Warwick, Fourteenth Century.

_Boulder_, from Baudre, near St. Lo in the Cotentin. Walter Bulder, York, 1272.

_Boully._ Vide Bulley.

_Boult_, armorially identified with Bolt.

_Boun_ (or "Boum"), armorially identified with Bohun of Midhurst. Vide Boone.

_Bound._ The same as Bowne (Lower).

_Boundy_, from Bondy, near St. Denis, Isle of France.

_Bour_, armorially identified with Boun or Bohun. Vide Boone.

_Bourchier_, a form of Bousser, or Boursieres, Burgundy. John De Busser was a justice in Essex and Hertford, 1317.

_Bourdon._ Geoffrey Bordon and others in Normandy 1180. Reginald and Roger Bordon in Gloucester, 1199.

_Bourke_, for Burke or Burgh. The Earls of Mayo are of this name.

_Bourlet_, or Borlet. Vide Barlett.

_Bourner_ or Barner, a form of Berner or Berners.

_Bousfield_, from Bousville or Bouville, near Ravilly, Normandy. Walter Andrew, Serlo de Buesvilla, or Buevilla, Normandy, 1180. In 1244 William de Boevill did homage for his lands in the bailifry of Newcastle-under-Lyme.

_Bousher_, armorially identified with Bourchier.

_Boutcher_, for Boucher.

_Boutell._ Vide Bulteel and Bottle.

_Boutroy._ John and Roger Boteri, Normandy, 1180. William Buteri, or Butery in England.

_Bouts._ Vide Boot.

_Bouvier._ Hugo Bovier and John Bovier of Normandy, 1180-95. Vide Bowyer.

_Bovay_, for Beauvais.

_Boville._ A baronial family from Booville or Bueville, Normandy, Suffolk, 1086 (Domesday). The family was widely spread through England; Chief-Justice Boville came of this stock.

_Bovington_, or Boventon. Vide Boynton.

_Bowack_, or Boag.

_Bowcher_, for Bourchier.

_Bowden_, from Bodin (Lower). Petrus Bodin, Normandy, Eleventh Century.

_Bowdler_ (from Hope Bowdler and other places, Salop). A form of De Bollers, or Bodlers, of Flanders. Vide Buller.

_Bowen._ Bouvignes (Bely).

_Bowes_, from Boves, Normandy. John de Bowes or Boves, Normandy, 1180. Hugh de Boves commanded in Poitou for King John (Roger of Wendover, 1287).

_Bowett._ Alexander Bonet occurs in Normandy, 1180. Bowet, England, 1321.

_Bowker._ Vide Booker. The names are armorially related.

_Bowles_, or Buelles. Vide Boyle. Hence, W. Lisle Bowles, the poet.

_Bowley_, for Beaulieu (Lower). Simon de Bello Loco, Normandy, 1180. Alexander de Bello Loco, Bedfordshire, 1255.

_Bown_, armorially identified with Bohun of Midhurst. Vide Boon.

_Bowne._ Vide Bown.

_Bowran_, or Bowering, for Beaurain, near Cambrai, Flanders. Wybert de Beaurain, Normandy, 1180. "Hence, the able writer, Sir John Bowring."

_Bowry._ Vide Bury.

_Bowser_, armorially identified with Bourchier.

_Bowtell_, for Boutel. U. S., Boutelle.

_Bowton_, for Boughton.

_Bowyer._ Norman-French, Bouvier. This name, as appears by the arms, was originally Bouvier (Robson). Hugo Bouvier, Normandy, 1180. Le Boyer, Kent, 1250.

_Bowyn_, armorially identified with Bohun. Vide Boon.

_Boyall_, a form of Boyle (Lower).

_Boyce_, a form of Bois.

_Boyd._ A branch of the Beeton family of Dinant. Vide Stuart. Descent from a brother of Walter, the first High Steward of Scotland.

_Boydell._ Helto Fitzhugh, grandson of Osborne Fitz-Tezzo, Baron of Dodelston, had issue Hugh Boydell, ancestor of this family.

_Boyes_, for Bois.

_Boyle_, from Boile, otherwise Boelles, or Builles, now La Buille, near Rouen. William de Boel, or Boêles, and Gilbert occur in Normandy, 1180. William de Buels was descended from Helias de Buel, temp. John. His son William settled in Hertford; hence Ludoric Buel Boyle, ancestor of the Earls of Cork, Orrery, Shannon and other great houses. One of the most notable members of the Boyle family (U. S. A.) was Chief-Justice John Boyle, of Kentucky; a very able, eminent, and fearless judge.

_Boyle_, of Scotland, from Boyville, of Normandy, otherwise Boeville (vide Bousfield). Common name in Normandy, Twelfth Century. William de Boeville (Bocville), Suffolk, 1086.

_Boyles_, for Boyle or Buelleis.

_Boynell_, armorially identified with Boyville.

_Boynton_, or De Brus, abbreviated from Boventon. Vide Bruce. Robert Fitz-Norman Bruis or Bruce of Boventon, York, 1129. A leading family (De Boventon or Boynton) in Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries.

_Boys_, or Boyse, for Bois (French). A Huguenot Bois in Holland would become Holtz; in America, Wood. (Vide Bois.)

_Boyson._ William Buisson of Normandy, 1180; Roger Buzun, Norfolk, 1258.

_Bozzard_, or Bussard, Bascart, or Buschart, Normandy, 1198. Boscard, 1203.

_Brabant_, from the Netherlands. Arnold Braban (Brabant), of Hamford, occurs 1297.

_Brabazon_, from Brabant. Thomas Brabençon, Normandy, 1198. John Brabazon, Oxfordshire, 1247.

_Brace_, from Bracey.

_Bracebridge_, or De Ardern. The family of Arden or Ardern was Norman and went to England in 1066. Ralph, son of William de Ardern, was Lord of Bracebridge, Lincoln, Thirteenth Century. The Bracebridge family bears the arms of Arden. John Bracebrigge was living 1305. Washington Irving has made "Bracebridge Hall" famous wherever English is read. The name at least will survive. It was the peculiar distinction of the blood of Arden that it flowed in the veins of Shakespeare. His mother was an Arden, and his magical "Forest of Arden" immortalizes the name.

_Bracey_, from Brécy, near Caen. Henry de Brécy occurs in Normandy, 1180-95. Robert de Brécy, Cheshire. From a branch of this Cheshire family descend the present Brasseys, among whom the most distinguished was the eminent engineer, an honored servant of England during the Victorian reign.

_Bracher._ Allen Bracheor, Normandy, 1180. Vide Brasier.

_Brack_, for Brac. Vide Brake.

_Bragge_, for Brac. Vide Brake. Evain de Brac, Normandy, 1180. Richard de la Brache, England, 1199. Bragg entered Kentucky in 1862.

_Brain_, from Brain, Anjou; Yorkshire, 1199.

_Bran_, for Brand.

_Branch_, from St. Denis de Branche, Normandy; Suffolk, 1219.

_Brand._ Walter Brandus, Caen, 1165. William Brant, Norfolk, 1086. Simon Brand, Hertfordshire, 1325. The Brands of Lexington, Kentucky, a well-known family.

_Brandram._ William Brandram, Normandy, 1198.

_Branis_, for Brain.

_Brant._ Vide Brand.

_Brasier._ William Braisier paid a fine, Normandy, 1180. Soon after "William de Neelfa was a fugitive for slaying him." The name occurs also as Bracheor, and Broshear.

_Brasil_, from Bresles, near Beavois.

_Brass_, for Brace. Brass is one of Dickens' names.

_Brassey._ Vide Bracy.

_Bratt_, armorially identified with Brett.

_Braund._ Brand.

_Brawn_, for Braund.

_Bray_, from Bray near Evreux, Normandy. William de Bray occurs 1189-95. A branch of the family was seated in Devon in the Thirteenth Century. Sir Reginald Bray, the eminent architect, temp. Henry VII.

_Brayne._ Vide Brain.

_Brazier._ Vide Brasier.

_Brazill_, for Brasill.

_Breache._ Vide Brache.

_Breckinridge._ Vide Cabell.

_Breckinridge_ is from Bracken-rigg, a loc n. Cumb. Robt. J. Breckinridge, John C. Breckinridge, and W. C. P. Breckinridge were descended on the maternal side from the Cabells--a famous Norman family. Vide Cabell. The Breckinridge family is directly of Scottish origin. The foregoing derivation rests upon the authority of the English genealogist, Doctor Henry Barber. But no American family has ever given more varied and striking illustrations of the power of inherited Norman blood. Scarcely a characteristic trait is lacking.

_Brecks_, for Brake.

_Brees._ Vide Breese.

_Breese_, a form of Brice, being the Norman-French pronunciation.

_Breeze._ Vide Breese.

_Bren_, armorially identified with Brend.

_Brennard_, for Burnard.

_Brery_, or De Brereto, Breuery, near Vesoul, France.

_Breton_, from Bretagne. Baronial families in England (Devon, Bucks, Lincoln, etc.).

_Bretell._ Normandy, 1126.

_Brett_, from Brette in Maine, or, possibly, short for Breton. Geoffry le Bret was one of the Barons of Ireland.

_Brettell_, Lords of Gremonville, Normandy (Des Bois). Bretel, Kent, 1130. Bretel is near Alençon.

_Brettle_, for Bretel.

_Breun_, or Brewn, for Brun. Vide Brown.

_Brew_, one of the forms of Breux, Brews, or Braiose.

_Brewer_, (1) from Brovers, or Brueria, now Breviare, near Caen. Seated in Devon at the Conquest. (2) From the English translation of Braceator, or Braceor. Vide Brazier, Bracher.

_Brewhouse_, for Brewis, or De Braiose, a baronial family, from Braiose, near Argenton, Normandy. Branches in Ireland, Wales, Suffold, Sussex, Norfolk, Hants "and elsewhere." The name is frequently written Breose, Brewes, and is totally different from that of Bruce or Brus, with which it has often been confounded.

_Brewn._ Vide Breun.

_Brian_, armorially identified with Bryan.

_Briant_, for Breaunt, Breant, or Breante, near Havre. Fulco de Breante, or De Beent, England, temp. Henry VIII. (Roger Wendover.)

_Brice_, from St. Brice, near Avranches, Normandy. Robert de St. Brice, Normandy, 1180.

_Brickdale_, from Briquedale, Normandy. The derivation of the name from "Brickdele, Lancashire," is doubted, on the apparently sufficient ground that there is no such place.

_Bride_, or St. Bride, or St. Bridget. Vide Bridgett.

_Bridge_, or De Ponte, Normandy, 1180; England about the same time. Bridges, 1328, Middlesex.

_Bridgett_, for Brichet. Vide Briett.

_Brient_, for Brent or Briant.

_Brier._ Vide Bryer.

_Briett._ Occurs in Normandy, 1180. Ralph de Brecet, England, 1272.

_Briley_, from Broilly, near Valognes, Normandy. William de Broleio, 1180-95. Broily, Bedford, 1086. Bruilli, Lindores, Scotland, 1178.

_Brind_, armorially identified with Brend.

_Brine_, for Broyne, Brun, Browne.

_Brinson_, or De Briançon, Middlesex, 1189. Giles de Brianzon, 1324.

_Britain_, for Breton. (Lower.)

_Brittain_, for Britain.

_Brittan_, for Britain.

_Britten_, for Britain.

_Brixey_, from Brèze, Anjou; De Brexes, Lancashire, 1199.

_Brize_, for Brice.

_Broach_, for Brock.

_Brock_, from Broc, Anjou; Robert de Broc, England, 1189; also Nigel and Ranulph de Broc.

_Brocke_, for Brock or Broc. (Lower.)

_Bronaker_, from Broncort, near Langres, France. Roger Bruncort, Normandy, 1199. Probably same as Bruencort and Brucort. (1180-98, Normandy.)

_Brond_, for Brand.

_Brontofl_, from Bernetot, near Yvetol. John de Bernetot held lands in Normandy, temp. Philip Augustus. The name of Bernetôt in Normandy at length changed to Bernadotte--the name of one of Napoleon's marshals. Hence, the royal family of Sweden. Carew Isaac Taylor remarked at Newcastle in 1889 that the royal families of Europe were of Scandinavian origin. But for the Norman derivation of the Bernadottes, here explained, the royal family of Sweden might have appeared to be an exception.

_Brook_, for Broke. (Lower.) Brooks, for Brock; Brookes, for Broke. (Lower.)

_Brosee._ Brúsi, Brozi (old Norse). Brosee, now pronounced Brozee. William Brosee, the progenitor of the family in Kentucky, was a soldier in the Russian campaign under Napoleon. Among the interesting "documentary" proofs of this service (now in possession of the family) is a portrait of the old campaigner in his French uniform.

_Broughton_, a branch of Vernon; "Broeton," Stafford, Thirteenth Century. The arms concur with the descent from Vernon.

_Brown._ Vide Browne.

_Brown._ Gilbert le Brun, Normandy, 1180. The name Brunus or Le Brun frequently occurs in Normandy, 1180-98. Many Normans were Brun, or Browne; but, in England, all Brownes were not Norman. The line of Hanno le Brun, Cheshire, temp. Henry II, is armorially connected with an Irish line. William Brone witnessed the charter of Dunbrody, 1178; Nigel le Brun had a writ of military summons, 1309, and Fremond Bruyn was one of the barons of Ireland, 1315-17. Richard de la Ferte accompanied Robert of Normandy to Palestine in 1096. He had eight sons, the youngest of whom, surnamed Le Brun, settled in Cumberland, where he had baronial grants, temp. Henry I. The family of De la Ferte, also called Le Brun, long flourished in Cumberland. The name Le Brun gradually changed to Broyne, Brown, and Browne. Robert le Browne, M. P. for Cumberland, 1317-1339, was grandfather of Robert, from whom descended the Viscounts Montague, the Marquises of Sligo, and the Barons Kilmaine.

_Brownett._ Robert Brunet, Normandy, 1209.

_Brownlow._ The Brownlows, Lords Lurgan, bear the arms of the De Tankervilles, Chamberlains of Normandy. Vide Chamberlain.

_Bruce_, from the Castle of Brus, or Bruis, now Brix, near Cherbourg, where are the ruins of an extensive fortress built by Adam de Brus in the Eleventh Century. Hence the Kings of Scotland, the Earls of Elgin, the Baronets Bruce.

_Brudenell_, or De Bretignolles, from Bretignolles near Alençon, Normandy. William de Bretignolles, in 1263, had a writ of summons to attend with his military array at Oxford. From this family descended Sire Robert Brudenell, Chief Justice of the Common Pleas, 1520. The orthographic modifications of this Norman patronymic (from Bretignolles to Bredenell, to Bredenhill, and Brudenel) are clearly traceable upon the records.

_Bruen_, armorially identified with Bruin, with Brun, Le Brun, or Browne, of Cheshire.

_Brunes_, for Brun, now Brown.

_Brunker_, armorially identified with Brounker.

_Brus._ Vide Bruce.

_Brush._ Richard Broche, Normandy, 1198.

_Brushett._ Chapon Broste, Normandy, 1198. William Bruast, England, 1199.

_Bryan_, or Briowne, from Brionne, Normandy. A branch of the Counts of Brionne and the Earls of Clare and Hertford, descended from Gilbert, Count of Brionne, son of Richard I of Normandy. Wido Brionne of the Welsh line had a military court of summons, 1259. About this time the name was changed to Bryan, and the Barons of Bryan inherited it. William Jennings Bryan seems to have been, prenatally, a Kentuckian.

_Bryant_, for Briant.

_Bryson._ Vide Brison.

_Buckle_, or Buckell. Identified by the arms (a chevron) with Bushnell. Hence the able writer Buckle.

_Budgell_, for Bushell.

_Budgett_, for Buckett.

_Buggins._ Bogin, Normandy, 1180. Bogun, Derby, 1270.

_Buist._ Roger Baiste, or Buiste, Normandy, 1198.

_Buley_, or Bewley, from Beaulieu.

_Bullard._ A form of Pullard or Pollard.

_Bullett._ Beringer Bulete, Normandy, 1180. Iorceline Bolet, 1207. Normandy. In Kentucky, the Bullitts justify their Norman descent. They have achieved distinction in many lines.

_Bullivant_, or Bonenfant. Normandy, temp. Henry V; Cambridge, 1253. Bonenfant.

_Bullon_, or Bullen. A form of Boleyn. There is Bullen (or Boleyn) blood in Kentucky.

_Bully_, for Builly. Vide Bingham.

_Bulwer._ Vide Wiggett.

_Bumpus_, from Boneboz, Normandy.

_Bunce_, for Bence.

_Bunker_, for Boncoeur. (Lower.)

_Bunn_, from Le Bon. (Lower.)

_Burchell._

_Burd_, for Burt.

_Burden_, a familiar name.

_Burden._ Vide Burdon. "Burdens' Grant" (Virginia).

_Burdett._ French Bourdet. Vide Battle Abbey Roll.

_Burdett._ From the Bordets, Lords of Cuilly, Normandy. Seated in England at the Conquest. Baronets Burdett-Coutts.

_Burdon._ Bordon 1180, Normandy. Robert Bordon, Yorkshire, 1255.

_Burfield._ De Bereville, De Bareville, England, 1789. Sometimes Berewell.

_Burges_, Burgess. Simon de Borgeis, Normandy, 1195. Ralph Burgensis, 1198.

_Burgess_ is an old way of spelling Burges.

_Burgoyne_, Burgon, Burgin. De Bourgoyne, probably Gothic, from Burgundy. In 1083 Walter Burgundiensis, or Borgoin, held lands in Devon.

_Burke._ Vide Burgh.

_Burley._ Roger de Burlie, Normandy, 1198. "White Burley," Kentucky.

_Burnett._ The Scottish form of Burnard. From Roger de Burnard. The name became Burnet in 1409. Bishop Burnet of Salisbury, celebrated writer, is of this gens.

_Burney_, a form of Berney. Vide Berney. The name of a well-known family in Kentucky. James G. Birney was the first Free-Soil candidate for the Presidency.

_Burr._ Robert, Roger, and Peter Burre occur in Normandy, 1180. Gilbert le Bor, England, 1227. Aaron Burr was a conspicuous and dramatic figure in the early history of Kentucky. Professor Shaler, the eminent Harvard professor, writing of Aaron Burr's expeditionary project, says that the Kentuckians "had inherited the spirit of the Elizabethan English"; and that the mass of the Kentucky people were always "filibusterish." There is not a decade in their history--he adds--that we do not find some evidence of this motive, to wit, "a natural hunger for adventure."

_Burrell_, or Borel. Normandy, 1180. Burrells, Burrill.

_Burrough._ (1) for Burgh; (2) for Burys, Burroughs, Burrowes.

_Burroughs._ Vide Burrough or Burgh.

_Burt._ William Berte, Mortanie, Normandy, 1203. John Berte, England, 1272.

_Burton_, or De Richmond. One of the family bore the feudal dignity of Constable of Richmond. The founder was Viscount of Nantes, Bretagne. The Baronets Burton.

_Bury_, from Bourry, near Gisors, Normandy. Armorially identified with the family of Bury, Earls of Charleville.

_Busain_, from Buisson, in the Cotentin.

_Bushe._ Hugh de Bucis, Normandy, 1180.

_Bushwell_, for Boswell.

_Busse._ Armorially identified with Bushe.

_Butcher_, for Bourchier.

_Butler_, or De Glanville. This family derives its name from Theobold Walter, the first butler of Ireland, to whom that dignity and vast estates were granted by Henry II. The Butlers bore the arms of De Glanville, a family of Glanville, near Caen.

_Butler._ A name of peculiar distinction in the heraldic genealogies. The Butler or De Glanville family derives its name from Theobald Balton, temp. Henry II. The name has lost none of its distinction in the New World. The Butlers of Kentucky are thoroughly Anglo-Norman in their fighting instincts. All the male members (5) of this branch were officers in the Revolution; all their sons but one were in the War of 1812; nine Butlers of this branch were in the War with Mexico; and in the Civil War every male descendant of Captain Pierce Butler (of Kentucky) was in the Confederate Army (vide Historic Families).

_Butt_, for Bott. A name made conspicuous in recent times by Sir Isaac Butt. Vide Butts, Boot.

_Butter._ Earls of Larnsborough, descended from Hugo Pincerna, who, in 1086, was a baron in Bedford. Hereditary butlers of the Earls of Leicester and Mellent. Several other families of distinction bore the name Butler: (1) the Butlers of Cornwall and Kent; (2) the Butlers of Essex; (3) the Butlers, Barons of Warrington, feudal butlers of Chester; (4) the Butlers of Bramfield, and others.

_Butterfield_, for Botevyle.

_Buzar_, for Buzzard.

_Buzzard._ Hugo and William Buscart, Normandy, 1198. Henry Boscard, Salop, 1199.

_Byars_, Byers, De Biars. (Lower.) In Kentucky, a familiar name. The Byars family of Mason was connected with the famous Johnston family.

_Byles._ Armorially identified with Boyle. A distinguished judge bore the name.

_Byng_, from Binge, Gerault, Normandy. Reginald Binge was one of the gentry of Essex, 1433. No one is likely to forget the Byng, who was shot _pour encourager les autres_.

_Byron_, or De Beuron, near Nantes, Normandy. Sir Richard Byron married, temp. Henry IV, the daughter and heiress of Colwick of Notts; and from him descended Lord Byron, the poet.

_Cabban_, or Cadban, from Cabanne or Chabannes in Perigord. Bartholomew Caban of Berkes, living 1322.

_Cabbell._ Walter Cabel is on record as having witnessed a charter in Wiltshire, in the Eleventh Century. This Walter Cabel came over with the Conqueror. The Normans used the word _caballus_, instead of _equus_, for horse. It was so used in Domesday Book, and it seems certain, says Doctor Brown, that the family derived its surname from that word. Hence, also, _caballero_. Doctor Brown gives at least forty-six different ways of spelling the name. Geoffrey Cabell owned land in Caux, Normandy, in 1180. The Cabells of Virginia are descended from the Cabells of France, in Somersetshire. In 1726 we find Doctor William Cabell in St. James Parish, Henrico, then deputy sheriff to Captain John Redford, High Sheriff of Henrico (Shire-Reeve), officially the first man in the county.

In June, 1785, "Polly" Cabel was married to John Breckinridge.

The records show that Mary H. Cabell and John Breckinridge had issue:
(1) Letitia Preston.
(2) Joseph Cabell.
(3) Mary H. (died in infancy).
(4) Robert H.
(5) Mary Ann.
(6) John.
(7) Robert Jefferson.
(8) William Lewis.

The political and social history of these families and their annexions are quite familiar to the people of Kentucky and the South.

_Cadd_, or Cade. Arnulf Cades, Normandy, 1184. Eustace Cade, Lincolnshire, 1189.

_Caffin._ A form of Caufyn, or Calvin. Cavin, or Calvin, occurs in Normandy, 1180.

_Cain_, from Cahaignes, Normandy.

_Cain._ Sometimes of Hiberno-Celtic origin; generally, however, of Caen, or De Cadomo, Devonshire, 1083.

_Caines_, from the lordship of Cahaignes.

_Caldecote._ A Norman family bearing an English surname.

_Cale._ A form of Kael. A Breton name. Vide Call.

_Calf._ An English form of the Norman name Calxus, or Le Chauve. William Calf, Ireland, 1322.

_Call_, or De Kael, from Bretagne or Poiton. Walter Cael, envoy to England, Thirteenth Century.

_Callis._ Callass, Cales, the usual forms of Calais in Sixteenth Century.

_Calver._ An abbreviation of Calvert.

_Calvert_, from Calbert, or Cauburt, near Abbeville. The "b" being changed into "v," as usual, 1318. Henry Calverd was Member of Parliament for York. The Calverts of Maryland (Lords Baltimore). A familiar name in Kentucky. Formerly (in mid-century days and earlier) pronounced Colbert; now, we only hear Calvert.

_Cambray_, from the Lordship of Chambrai, Normandy. Sire de Cambrai was at the Battle of Hastings, De Chambrai, Leicestershire, 1086. Corrupted to Chambreys, or Chambreis.

_Camel_, from Campelles, or Campell, in Normandy. Geoffry Campelles, Normandy, Twelfth Century.

_Cameron._ Scoto-Celtic. But there is one English family of the name derived from Champroud, near Coutances. Ausger de Cambrun, Essex, 1157. Robert Cambron and John de Cambron, Scotland, 1200 and 1234. Cambronne, of the Guard, of fragrant memory.

_Camfield_, or Camfyled, a corruption of Camville, from Camville, near Coutances.

_Camidge._

_Camp_, from Campe, or Campes, Normandy. John de Campes, England, 1199.

_Campbell._ Vide Beauchamp. Norman-French, de Camville (de Campo-Bello), vide British Surnames, Barber (London, 1903). As early as 1812, Doctor John Poage Campbell, of Kentucky, in a series of "Letters to a Gentleman at the Bar" (Colonel Joseph Hamilton Daveiss), gave a striking illustration of the high quality of his scholarship in his anticipation of Sir Benjamin Brodie and Professor Tyndall of our day in the detection of the germinal ideas from which the Darwinian theory of evolution is derived (vide Green's Historic Families). An interesting illustration of the intellectual life of the pioneer period in Kentucky.

_Campion._ William Campion, Normandy, 1184. Geoffry Campion, England, 1194. "Campian," American Colonel (Lothair).

_Campton._

_Candy_, from Cande, near Blois. Nicholas Candy, Normandy, 1195.

_Cane_, for Caen. (Vide Cain.) Cany. Richard Cane, Normandy 1180. Walter Cane, England, 1272.

_Canfell_, for Camville.

_Cann_, from Cane, Normandy. Geoffry de Can, Normandy, 1195. Richard de Canne, England, 1272. (Cone, from _bosne_: loc n. France.) In Kentucky, _Conn_.

_Cannel_, from Chanel, now Chenean, near Lille.

_Cannon._ Radulfus Canonicus, or Le Chanoin, of Normandy. Robert Canonicus, England, 1189.

_Cant._

_Cant_, for Gant.

_Cantis_, for Candish, or Cavendish. A Norman baronial family.

_Cantor_ (translated Singer). Gauridus Cantor, Normandy, 1180. Christian le Chaunter, England, 1272.

_Cantrell._ William and Roger Cantarel of Normandy, 1188. Alberid Chanterhill, England, 1199. Richard Chaunterel, 1272. Kentucky, U. S. A., Cantrill, 1906. Judge Cantrill, Court of Appeals, Kentucky.

_Cantwell._ Cantelo. Chanteloup.

_Cape_, or Capes, from Cappes. Vide Cope.

_Capel._ A Breton family from La Chapelle, Nantes. Rainald de Capella, Essex, 1066. (Domesday.) William de C., Suffolk, from whom the Lords Capel, Earls of Essex. Capel, from La Chapelle, near Alençon. Seated in the West of England. Capell, for Capel. Monsignore Capel figures vividly in Lothair,

_Capern_, for Capron. Richard Cepron, Normandy, 1180. Robert Capron, England, 1194. Mrs. Laura Lee Capron, of Baltimore, Md., was a daughter of Richard Henry Lee, of Kentucky.

_Caplin_, Capelen, or Chaplain. William Capellanus, Normandy, 1180. Richard C., England, 1190. John Chaplyn, Lincoln, 1443.

_Capun._ Vide Capern.

_Carabine_, for Corbin. Robert Corbin, Normandy, 1180. Geoffry Corbin, England, 1194. Walter Corbin, England, 1127.

_Carbonell_, Normandy, 1180. Carbonel, Hereford, 1086. The family long flourished in Hereford, Bucks, and Oxford.

_Carden._ An English local name. Also a form of Cordon, Cordun: Normandy, 1180; Essex, 1086.

_Cardwell_, for Cardeville, or Cardunville, from Cardunville, near Caen.

_Cares_, from Chars, Normandy.

_Carew._ A branch of Fitzgerald. Cary, Carey.

_Carle_, for Carel, or Carrell.

_Carles._ Vide Carless, or Charles, from St. Karles de Percy, in the Cotentin. Charles family, in Thirteenth Century, seated in many parts of England. Carlish, for Carless.

_Carne._ Geoffry le Caron, Normandy, 1180. Wischard de Charun, England, 1272.

_Carnell_, from Carnelles, near Evreux. Geoffry de Carneilles, Normandy, 1180. Armorially identified with Charnell. In England, usually styled Charnel or Charnels. Carneal, a distinguished name in Kentucky; Thomas D. Carneal, one of the founders of Covington, in that State.

_Carpenter._ Bernard Carpentarius, Normandy, 1180. William Carpentarius, father of Henry Biset, baron, temp. Henry II.

_Carr_, or Kerr, q. v.

_Carrell_, or Caril, from Caril, near Ligieux. James II, after the loss of his throne, created a Baron Caryl.

_Carrey_, for Carey.

_Carrington_, for Carenton; from Carenton, in the Cotentin. Robert de Carenton granted the mill of Stratton, Wilts, to Farley Abbey, 1125.

_Carritt_, or Caret, for Garet.

_Carrol._ In England, a form of Carrell. In Ireland it is Celtic.

_Carson._ Probably from Corson, Normandy. Carcun, Thirteenth Century, Suffolk.

_Carter._ William Cartier of Normandy, 1195; 1203, William of Warwick. Thirteenth Century Ralph C. Worcester. Colonel Carter, of Cartersville, Va.

_Carterfield_, or Quaterville, Normandy, 1205.

_Cartwright._ Armorially identified with Cateryke, or Catherick. A branch was seated in Notts; another in Cambridge, and the name there changed from Cateryke to Cartwright. Of the former branch was the celebrated reformer, and of the latter, Thomas Cartwright, the great Puritan leader, under Elizabeth. Peter Cartwright, an able revivalist, was equally famous in the States of the Southwest.

_Carvell._ Ranulph de Carville, 1180; Robert Carvel, 1195, Normandy. England, 1199. Richard de Carville. The English derivation of this patronymic has given a name to a popular American novel.

_Cary_, or Pipart. Waldin Pipart held Kari, 1086. (Domesday.) William Pipart held Kari, whence the name of De Kari, or Cary. Hence, the Earls of Monmouth and Viscounts Falkland.

_Case_, for Chace. Armorially related to Chancy, or Canci. Vide Chace.

_Casey_, or Cassy. When English, it is a branch of Canci, with which it bears armorial relations. Robert de Canecio, 1180, Normandy; Geoffry de Chancy, England, 1194. Chace, Chase, or Chousey, armorially identified to Casey. In various forms appears in all parts of England; also, Hiberno-Celtic.

_Cash_, for Cass.

_Cass._ A form of Case, or Chace.

_Cassell_, from Cassel, Flanders. Hugo de Cassel, London and Middlesex, 1130. Vide Cecil.

_Casson_, for Gasson.

_Castang_, for Casteyn.

_Castell._ William Castel, Normandy, 1198. Alexander de Castro, Castel, England, 1199.

_Castleman._ The castellan of a castle. Ancient name; distinguished in Kentucky.

_Castro_, for Castell. Casto?

_Cate_, or Catt. William Catus, Normandy, 1180. Rudulphus Cattus, 1189. Alexander le Kat, England, 1272.

_Catherick._ Vide Cartwright.

_Catlin_, Catline, Castelline, from Castellan, bearing three castles (armorial). De Casleltan, Normandy, 1180. Sire Reginald de Casleltan, England, 1272. An eminent Chief Justice of England bore the name of Cattine. Catling, for Catlin; also, Catlyn, Catlin, a famous American painter--an illustrator of our aboriginal life.

_Cato_, from Catot, or Escatol, in Normandy. Hugh de Escatol, Salop, 1189.

_Caton._ Katune, Normandy, 1198. England, De Catton.

_Cattel_, or Chatel. Foreign origin--Du Chastel, or De Castello.

_Cattermole_, from Quatremealles or De Quatuor Molis (locality not ascertained); also, Cattermoul, Cattermull.

_Cattle_, for Cattel.

_Cattlin_, for Catlin.

_Catton._ Vide Caton.

_Caudel_, for Caudle. Roger Caldel, or Caudel, Normandy, 1180. Anistina and William Caudel (Mr. and Mrs. Caudle?), Cambridgeshire, 1272.

_Caulcott._ Vide Calcott.

_Caulfield_, Calvil, Calfhill, or Caville. Vide Cavell. Seated in Normandy, 1180. In England, Gilbert de Calvel, Northumberland, and Richard, of Kent, 1202. Sir Toby Caulfield, a renowned commander in Ireland, descended from Bishop of Worcester, temp. Elizabeth. Hence, collaterally, Earls of Charlemont.

_Cave._ John Cave, Adelina de Cava, Normandy, 1180. Sire Alexander de Cave, commissioner of array and justiciary. Name of Norman origin. From Cave, in Yorkshire.

_Cavendish._ The Gernons were a branch of the Barons of Montfichet (or Montfiquet, or Montfiket), in Normandy; so named after their Scandinavian ancestor. The Montfichets were hereditary standard-bearers, or military chiefs of London. The younger branches retained the name of Gernon. Alured Gernon, brother of William de Montfichet, had estates in Essex and Middlesex, 1130. Geoffry Gernon, of this line, was surnamed De Cavendish, from his residence at Cavendish, Suffolk, 1302. He was grandfather of Sir John Cavendish, Chief Justice to Richard II. Cavendish and Gernon bear indiscriminately the same arms. The Dukes of Newcastle, Devonshire and other great families bearing the name of Cavendish (pronounced Candish), descended from the Gernons and Montfichet. The genealogists differ on these points, but the old heralds seem to agree.

_Caville_, or Cavill, identified by its arms (a calf) with Calvel, or Cauvel. Robert Cauvel, Normandy, 1198. William Cavell of Oxfordshire, 1292.

_Cawdery_, or Coudray, Cawdray. A branch of the Beaumonts, Viscounts of Maine. (Vide Beaumont.)

_Cawley_, for Colley.