Chapter III: Part 3

Carter and Davis (1961) recorded for the first time this species from North America, on the basis of five specimens collected at Cueva del Abra. From the same locality P. L. Clifton collected several owl pellets which provide, besides many skulls of _Tadarida laticaudata_, four crania of _T. aurispinosa_. Available measurements of three, of the four _T. aurispinosa_, resemble those given by Carter and Davis (_op. cit._) for their specimens. Measurements of the fourth cranium are smaller (greatest length of skull, 19.4; zygomatic breadth, 11.1; interorbital constriction, 3.7; cranial breadth, 9.1; mastoid breadth, 10.7; basal length, 16.3; length of maxillary tooth-row, 7.4; breadth across M3, 7.9), but not outside the expected range of individual variation if we can judge by the range recorded by Jones and Alvarez (1962) for the related _Tadarida laticaudata_.

_Records of occurrence._--Specimens examined, 4, from [Cueva
del Abra], 6 mi. (by road) NNE Antiguo Morelos.

=Tadarida laticaudata ferruginea= Goodwin

Geoffroy's Free-tailed Bat

1954. _Tadarida laticaudata ferruginea_ Goodwin, Amer. Mus.
Novit., 1670:2, June 28, type from 8 mi. N Antiguo Morelos,
Tamaulipas.

_Distribution in Tamaulipas._--Known only from southeastern
part of state.

Specimens from three miles south and 16 miles west of Piedra were found in a crevice inside a cave. Two days previously _Desmodus rotundus_ and _Natalus stramineus_ were obtained from the same cave. All other specimens from the Sierra de Tamaulipas were caught in mist nets. _Nycticeus humeralis_, _Myotis velifer_, _Eptesicus fuscus_, _Lasiurus borealis_ and _L. intermedius_ were taken in nets that also captured _T. laticaudata_.

All specimens taken (June 19-23) in the Sierra de Tamaulipas were females, except one. Of 33 females taken, 27 carried a single embryo each, the embryos averaging 27.0 (25-28) mm. in crown-rump length; the other five were lactating. Weight of the pregnant females averaged 16.0 (13-18) grams and that of the five lactating individuals averaged 13.0 (12-14) grams. A male weighed 22 grams.

For the taxonomic status of this species in North America see Jones and Alvarez (1962).

_Records of occurrence._--Specimens examined, 65: Sierra de
Tamaulipas, 2 mi. S, 10 mi. W Piedra, 1200 ft., 27; Sierra
de Tamaulipas, 3 mi. S, 16 mi. W Piedra, 1400 ft., 7; 5 mi.
S El Mante, 8 (AMNH); 11 mi. S El Mante, 13 (AMNH); 10 km.
NNE Antiguo Morelos, 1; 8 mi. N Antiguo Morelos, 7 (5 AMNH,
2 KU); 20 mi. SW El Mante, 2 (AMNH).

=Molossus ater nigricans= Miller

Red Mastiff Bat

1902. _Molossus nigricans_ Miller, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.
Philadelphia, 54:395, September 12, type from Acaponeta,
Nayarit.

_Distribution in Tamaulipas._--Southern part of state, north
at least to Guemes.

At Rancho Pano Ayuctle, according to the field notes of the collector (Schaldach), the red mastiff bat was common, and found daytime retreats in hollows in cypress trees. Schaldach twice found groups of bats in such hollows. _M. a. nigricans_ is an early forager and most individuals seen were in flight before sunset, usually flying in a more or less straight line at heights of 25 to 60 feet above the ground. The odor of the chest gland was described by Schaldach as "strong" and "geranium-like." A female obtained three miles northeast of Guemes on August 19 carried a single embryo that was 33 mm. in crown-rump length.

Specimens examined average slightly smaller than the type specimen, especially in total length, length of hind foot, length of skull and length of maxillary tooth-row. Davis (1951:219) also noted some of these same differences in a specimen examined by him from two miles south of Ciudad Victoria. The variation in color is great among Tamaulipan specimens. Of the 15 examined, two are Dark Mummy Brown, six are Mummy Brown, six are Sudan Brown, and one is paler than Sudan Brown.

I follow Goodwin (1960:6) in using the specific name _ater_.

_Records of occurrence._--Specimens examined, 15: 3 mi. NE
Guemes, 2; Rancho Santa Rosa, 25 km. N, 13 km. W Cd.
Victoria, 260 m., 2; Rancho Pano Ayuctle, 6 mi. N Gomez
Farias, 300 ft., 1; Rancho Pano Ayuctle, 25 mi. N El Mante
and 3 km. W Pan-American Hwy., 2200 ft., 8; 8 km. W, 10 km.
N El Encino, 400 ft., 2.

Additional records (Davis, 1951:219): 2 mi. S Cd. Victoria;
Altamira.

=Ateles geoffroyi velerosus= Gray

Spider Monkeys

1866. _Ateles vellerosus_ Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, p.
773 (for 1865), April, type locality "Brasil?"; restricted
to Mirador, 2000 ft., about 15 mi. NE Huatusco, Veracruz, by
Kellogg and Goldman, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 96:33, November
2, 1944.

1944. _Ateles geoffroyi vellerosus_, Kellogg and Goldman,
Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 96:32, November 2.

_Distribution in Tamaulipas._--Probably extreme southern
part.

No specimens of this monkey have been taken in Tamaulipas although Kellogg and Goldman (1944:34) pointed out that it probably occurred in the tropical forest of the southern part of the state. Later, Villa (1958:347) reported that A. Malaga Alba saw monkeys in 1954 at Barranca de Caballeros, approximately 25 kilometers north-northwest of Ciudad Victoria. No other report of their occurrence in the state has been forthcoming.

=Dasypus novemcinctus mexicanus= Peters

Nine-banded Armadillo

1864. _Dasypus novemcinctus_ var. _mexicanus_ Peters,
Montsb. preuss Akad. Wiss., Berlin, p. 180, type from
Matamoros, Tamaulipas (see Hollister, Jour. Mamm., 6:60,
February 9, 1925).

1920. _D[asypus]. novemcinctus mexicanus_, Goldman, Smiths.
Misc. Coll., 69 (5):66, April 24.

_Distribution in Tamaulipas._--Probably state-wide except on
Mexican Plateau; presently known only from five localities.

A 13-pound female from four kilometers west-southwest of La Purisima was captured after it was forced by the collector (Dalquest) and his dog out of the burrow that was under a log. A young specimen examined from seven kilometers southwest of La Purisima was captured by a dog. A partial skeleton including the skull was picked up on the barrier beach at a place 33 miles south of Washington Beach.

_Records of occurrence._--Specimens examined, 3 (see text
immediately above).

Additional records: Matamoros (Hollister, 1925:60); Rancho
del Cielo (Hooper, 1953:11).

=Sylvilagus brasiliensis truei= (J. A. Allen)

Forest Rabbit

1890. _Lepus truei_ J. A. Allen, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat.
Hist., 3:192, December 10, type from Mirador, Veracruz.

1950. _Sylvilagus brasiliensis truei_, Hershkovitz, Proc. U.
S. Nat. Mus., 100:351, May 26.

_Distribution in Tamaulipas._--Southern part of state; known
only from Rancho del Cielo (Goodwin, 1954:7).

=Sylvilagus audubonii parvulus= (J. A. Allen)

Desert Cottontail

1904. _Lepus (Sylvilagus) parvulus_ J. A. Allen, Bull. Amer.
Mus. Nat. Hist., 20:34, February 29, type from Apam,
Hidalgo.

1909. _Sylvilagus audubonii parvulus_, Nelson, N. Amer.
Fauna, 29:236, August 31.

_Distribution in Tamaulipas._--Western part of state.

The specimen examined, a male that weighed 646 grams, was shot at night.

This species occurs only in western Tamaulipas. Hall and Kelson (1959:267, map 187) mistakenly plotted El Mulato, as being in the eastern part of the state; actually this locality is in the San Carlos Mountains of the west, near the boundary between Tamaulipas and Nuevo Leon.

_Records of occurrence._--One specimen examined from 4 mi.
SW Nuevo Laredo, 900 ft.

Additional records (Nelson, 1909:237, unless otherwise
noted): Nuevo Laredo; Guerrero; Mier; Camargo; El Mulato
(Dice, 1937:256); Miquihuana.

=Sylvilagus floridanus=

Eastern Cottontail

This species occurs throughout Tamaulipas. A female from Soto la Marina, obtained on May 17, was lactating; another from 12 miles northwest of San Carlos, on August 23, carried two embryos that were 15 mm. in crown-rump length.

=Sylvilagus floridanus chapmani= (J. A. Allen)

1899. _Lepus floridanus chapmani_ J. A. Allen, Bull. Amer.
Mus. Nat. Hist., 12:12, March 4, type from Corpus Christi,
Nueces Co., Texas.

1904. _Sylvilagus (Sylvilagus) floridanus chapmani_, Lyon,
Smith. Misc. Coll., 45:336, June 15.

_Distribution in Tamaulipas._--Northern two-thirds of state.

A male and pregnant female from 12 miles northwest of San Carlos weighed, respectively, 650 and 690 grams.

_Records of occurrence._--Specimens examined, 17: San
Fernando, 180 ft., 3; 12 mi. NW San Carlos, 1300 ft., 3; La
Pesca, 3; Soto la Marina, 500 ft., 6; Ejido Eslabones, 2 mi.
S, 10 mi. W Piedra, 1200 ft., 2.

Additional record: Jaumave (Nelson, 1909:178).

=Sylvilagus floridanus connectens= (Nelson)

1904. _Lepus floridanus connectens_ Nelson, Proc. Biol. Soc.
Washington, 17:105, May 18, type from Chichicaxtle,
Veracruz.

1909. _Sylvilagus floridanus connectens_, Lyon and Osgood,
Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 62:32, January 28.

_Distribution in Tamaulipas._--Southern part of state.

This subspecies has been reported previously from Tamaulipas only from Altamira. Specimens from 10 kilometers north and eight kilometers west of El Encino and 70 kilometers south of Ciudad Victoria, judging by their large size, dark color, and ochraceous brown (rather than pale ochraceous as in _S. f. chapmani_) upper sides of the hind feet are assignable to _connectens_.

Goodwin (1954:7) reported specimens from Chamal, Joya de Salas, Gomez Farias, and Pano Ayuctle as _S. f. chapmani_, remarking that they were intergrades between _chapmani_ and _connectens_. Specimens reported by Goodwin are here assigned to _S. f. connectens_ because the measurements of the specimen from eight kilometers west of El Encino are typical of that subspecies.

_Records of occurrence._--Specimens examined, 4: 10 km. N, 8
km. W El Encino, 400 ft., 1; 2 km. W El Carrizo, 2; 9 mi. SW
Tula, 5200 ft., 1.

Additional records (Goodwin, 1954:7, unless otherwise
noted): Chamal; La Joya de Salas; Gomez Farias; Rancho Pano
Ayuctle; Altamira (Nelson, 1909:186).

=Lepus californicus=

Black-tailed Jack Rabbit

The black-tailed jack rabbit is the only species of _Lepus_ known from Tamaulipas and is represented there by three subspecies, _L. c. merriami_ of the northern part of the state, _L. c. altamirae_ of the southeastern coastal plains, and _L. c. curti_ of the barrier beach south of Matamoros. The known ranges of the three subspecies are not presently known to meet in Tamaulipas.

=Lepus californicus altamirae= Nelson

1904. _Lepus merriami altamirae_ Nelson, Proc. Biol. Soc.
Washington, 17:109, May 18, type from Altamira, Tamaulipas.

1951. _Lepus californicus altamirae_, Hall, Univ. Kansas
Publ., Mus. Nat. Hist., 5:45, October 1.

_Distribution in Tamaulipas._--Southern coastal plain north
certainly to vicinity of Soto la Marina.

The two specimens examined in this study (see below) are intermediate between _L. c. altamirae_ and _L. c. curti_, but show greater resemblance to the former. In measurements they resemble _altamirae_ rather than the smaller _curti_. They approach the latter in length of hind foot and are intermediate between the two subspecies in basilar length; in one specimen, the dimensions of the rostrum are as in _curti_ and the other has the black patch on the posterior surface of the ear well developed, as in _altamirae_, but in the other the black is reduced. _L. c. altamirae_ has been known previously only from Altamira.

_Measurements._--Two male adults (55415, 55416) from north
of Soto la Marina, afford the following external
measurements: 610, 590; 100, 100; 124, 125; 124, 122 (length
of ear from notch, dry, 114, 110). Cranial measurements are:
basilar length, 75.1, 74.4; length of nasals, 46.1, 41.9;
width of rostrum at PM, 25.1, 28.7; height of rostrum in
front of PM, 25.2, 21.5; diameter of auditory bulla, 14.1,
13.0.

_Records of occurrence._--Specimens examined, 2: 3 mi. N
Soto la Marina, 1; 2 mi. NW Soto la Marina, 1.

Additional record: Altamira (Nelson, 1904:109).

=Lepus californicus curti= Hall

1951. _Lepus californicus curti_ Hall, Univ. Kansas Publ.,
Mus. Nat. Hist., 5:42, October 1, type from barrier beach 88
mi. S, 10 mi. W Matamoros, Tamaulipas.

_Distribution in Tamaulipas._--Known only by the three
specimens mentioned in the original description from two
barrier islands in northeastern part of state.

_Records of occurrence._--Specimens examined, 3: 88 mi. S,
10 mi. W Matamoros, 2; 90 mi. S, 10 mi. W Matamoros, 1.

=Lepus californicus merriami= Mearns

1896. _Lepus merriami_ Mearns, Preliminary diagnoses of new
mammals from the Mexican border of the United States, p. 2,
March 25, type from Fort Clark, Kinney Co., Texas.

1909. _Lepus californicus merriami_, Nelson, N. Amer. Fauna,
29:148, August 31.

_Distribution in Tamaulipas._--Northern and western parts of
state.

The two specimens examined, an adult female and a young male, from the barrier beach 33 miles south of Washington Beach are intergrades between _L. c. merriami_, reported from the mainland from as near as Matamoros, and _L. c. curti_, which occurs farther to the south on the same series of barrier beaches. Of seven characters that seem to differentiate the two subspecies, the adult female from 33 miles south of Washington beach resembles _merriami_ in four as follows: tips of ears black (white in _curti_); nasals long; hind foot long; and supraoccipital process broad. The specimen resembles _curti_ in shortness of tail and in having small auditory bullae. Breadth of rostrum above premolars, the seventh character, is less than in typical specimens of either of the two subspecies. More material is needed from the barrier beach in order to establish with certainty the relationships between jack rabbits occurring there.

_Records of occurrence._--Specimens examined, 4: 33 mi. S
Washington Beach, 2; 12 mi. NW San Carlos, 1300 ft., 2.

Additional records: Nuevo Laredo (Nelson, 1909:150); Mier
(_ibid._); Camargo (_ibid._); Matamoros (Hall, 1951:185);
Tamaulipeca, San Carlos Mts. (_ibid._).

=Spermophilus mexicanus parvidens= Mearns

Mexican Ground Squirrel

1896. _Spermophilus mexicanus parvidens_ Mearns, Preliminary
diagnoses of new mammals from the Mexican border of the
United States, p. 1, March 25, type from Fort Clark, Kinney
Co., Texas.

_Distribution in Tamaulipas._--Northern part of state, south
at least to Xicotencatl.

Most of the specimens examined from Tamaulipas are in the brown phase (Howell, 1938:121) and differ from _S. m. parvidens_ from Texas, Coahuila, and Nuevo Leon in being darker dorsally. Nevertheless, some individuals are as pale as those examined from the mentioned states. Measurements of Tamaulipan specimens average smaller than those given by Howell (1938:121) and Baker (1956:205) for _parvidens_.

Specimens from San Fernando differ slightly from those from Soto la Marina in having a relatively long tail (average 69.2 instead of 62.1 per cent of length of head and body) and in having the upper parts of the hind feet ochraceous instead of nearly white.

Two May-taken females from Soto la Marina carried 5 and 7 embryos that were 10 mm. in crown-rump length; another taken there was lactating. Weight of six non-pregnant females from San Fernando averaged 160.6 (129-197) grams. Two males from the same locality weighed 164 and 145 grams.

_Measurements._--Average and extreme measurements of four
males and three females from Soto la Marina are, as follows:
312.6 (296-330); 119.8 (110-130); 41.6 (38-43). Average
cranial measurements of five specimens (two males, three
females) from same locality are: greatest length of skull,
44.7 (43.7-47.4); zygomatic breadth, 26.9 (25.3-28.6);
breadth of braincase, 19.4 (19.2-19.5); interorbital
constriction, 13.3 (12.5-14.1); length of nasals, 15.9
(14.6-17.5); length of maxillary tooth-row, 8.3 (8.0-8.5).

_Records of occurrence._--Specimens examined, 20: San
Fernando, 180 ft., 12; Soto la Marina, 500 ft., 8.

Additional records (Howell, 1938:121 unless otherwise
noted): Nuevo Laredo; Mier; Camargo; Reynosa; Bagdad;
Victoria; Xecotencatl [= Xicotencatl] (J. A. Allen,
1891:223).

=Spermophilus spilosoma oricolus= Alvarez

Spotted Ground Squirrel

1962. _Spermophilus spilosoma oricolus_ Alvarez, Univ.
Kansas Publ., Mus. Nat. Hist., 14:123, March 7, type from 1
mi. E La Pesca, Tamaulipas.

_Distribution in Tamaulipas._--Known only from the type
locality and from parts of the barrier beach, but possibly
occurs at other places in northeastern parts of state.

The 10 specimens from the type locality were trapped or shot on the beach, which was covered by thick, low, scattered bushes and grass. Of the many holes found there, some probably were used by ground squirrels and others by crabs. A female, taken on July 7 with two young at a place 33 miles south of Washington Beach, weighed 133 grams and had six placental scars. This specimen (reported as _Spermophilus spilosoma annectens_ by Selander _et al._, 1962:335) resembles others examined from the barrier beach (see Alvarez, 1962:124) and is therefore assigned to _S. s. oricolus_.

_Records of occurrence._--Specimens examined, 24: 33 mi. S
Washington Beach, 1; 88 mi. S, 10 mi. W Matamoros, 12; 89
mi. S, 10 mi. W Matamoros, 1; 1 mi. E La Pesca, 10.

=Spermophilus variegatus couchii= Baird

Rock Squirrel

1855. _Spermophilus couchii_ Baird, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.
Philadelphia, 1:332, April, type from Santa Catarina, a few
miles west of Monterrey, Nuevo Leon.

1955. _Spermophilus variegatus couchii_, Baker, Univ. Kansas
Publ., Mus. Nat. Hist, 9:207, June 15.

_Distribution in Tamaulipas._--Possibly in southwestern
part; reported only from Ciudad Victoria (Howell, 1938:141).

Since Baird (1855:332) described _S. v. couchii_ and mentioned a specimen from Ciudad Victoria that was obtained by Berlandier, no other record from Tamaulipas has come to light. Probably the species obtained by Berlandier was introduced at Ciudad Victoria by man.

=Sciurus aureogaster aureogaster= Cuvier

Red-bellied Squirrel

1829. [_Sciurus_] _aureogaster_ Cuvier, _in_ Geoffroy
St.-Hilaire, and F. Cuvier, Hist. Nat. Mamm., 6, livr. 59
pl. with text, September (binomen published only at end of
work, table generale et methodique, 7:4, 1842), type
locality "California"; restricted to Altamira, Tamaulipas,
by Nelson (Proc. Washington Acad. Sci., 1:38, May 9, 1899).

_Distribution in Tamaulipas._--Tropical forest of southern
part; north at least to Rancho Santa Rosa.

According to one collector (Schaldach), natives referred to _Sciurus aureogaster_ as "ardilla pinta" or "ardilla colorada." He recorded in his field notes that _S. aureogaster_ was most active between 7:00 and 9:00 a. m. and again from 3:00 to 5:00 p. m., that the nest was constructed of green oak leaves, and that the nest resembles somewhat in size and form that of _S. carolinensis_.

Of 53 specimens examined, 17 are black and one from 70 kilometers south of Ciudad Victoria is clearly more whitish than the others. Specimens from the northeastern part of the range of the species (= southeastern Tamaulipas) average darker than those from the south and west. In individuals that are not black, the ventral reddish color covers the shoulders and in some it extends between the shoulders to the median dorsal area.

Among females collected from December through May, only one, taken 43 kilometers south of Ciudad Victoria on March 17, was pregnant (one embryo).

The weight of seven adult males from Soto la Marina and the Sierra de Tamaulipas averaged 492.5 (400-575) grams.

Specimens herein reported from San Fernando provide the northernmost record of the species.

_Records of occurrence._--Specimens examined, 53: San
Fernando, 180 ft., 5; 9-1/2 mi. SW Padilla, 800 ft., 3;
Rancho Santa Rosa, 25 km. N, 13 km. W Cd. Victoria, 260 m.,
8; 3 mi. NE Guemes, 5; Soto la Marina (3 mi. N), 500 ft., 6;
Sierra de Tamaulipas, 10 mi. W, 8 mi. S Piedra, 1200 ft., 6;
43 km. S Cd. Victoria, 1; Ejido Santa Isabel, 2 km. W
Pan-American Highway, 2000 ft., 5; 70 km. (by highway) S Cd.
Victoria, 6 mi. W of Pan-American Highway, 3; 2 mi. W El
Carrizo, 7; Rancho Pano Ayuctle, 6 mi. N Gomez Farias, 300
ft., 2; Rancho Pano Ayuctle, 25 mi. N, 3 km. W El Mante, 300
ft., 1; 8 km. W, 10 km. N El Encino, 400 ft., 1.

Additional records: Rio Corono (= Corona) (J. A. Allen,
1891:222); Victoria (Kelson, 1952:249); Santa Maria
(Goodwin, 1954:8); 3 mi. NW Acuna, 3500 ft. (Hooper,
1953:4); Forlon (Nelson, 1899:42); NE Zamorina (Hooper,
1953:4); Gomez Farias (Goodwin, 1954:8); Altamira (Nelson,
1899:42); Tampico (J. A. Allen, 1891:222).

=Sciurus deppei negligens= Nelson

Deppe's Squirrel

1898. _Sciurus negligens_ Nelson, Proc. Biol. Soc.
Washington, 12:147, June 3, type from Altamira, Tamaulipas.

1953. _Sciurus deppei negligens_, Hooper, Occas. Papers Mus.
Zool., Univ. Michigan, 544:4, March 25.

_Distribution in Tamaulipas._--Tropical forest in southern
part of state, north to Rancho Santa Rosa and Padilla.

In Tamaulipas this squirrel is called "ardilla chica" or "ardilla barcina," and is abundant in areas where tall trees and dense brush prevail. This species evidently does not have restricted periods of activity, as does _S. aureogaster_, but is active throughout the day. At El Carrizo a nest, nine to 10 inches in diameter and constructed of leaves and small sticks, was in a thick tangle of branches 25 feet above the ground. A male having testes 11 mm. long was in the nest. Among 16 females collected in the months of February, May and June, only two, taken in February, were lactating. A female from 70 kilometers south of Ciudad Victoria, had four placental scars, three on the right side and one on the left, along with a resorbed embryo on the right side; according to the collector "the scars appeared quite recent, as evidenced by the fact that not all of the blood had been resorbed yet."

The northernmost localities from which _S. d. negligens_ has been reported are nine and a half miles southwest of Padilla in the east, and Rancho Santa Rosa in the west.

Three males from the vicinity of Padilla weighed 309, 276, and 261 grams.

_Records of occurrence._--Specimens examined, 92: 9-1/2 mi.
SW Padilla, 800 ft., 3; Rancho Santa Rosa, 25 km. N, 13 km.
W Cd. Victoria, 260 m., 8; 3 mi. NE Guemes, 1; Sierra de
Tamaulipas, 10 mi. W, 2 mi. S Piedra, 1200 ft., 3; Ejido
Santa Isabel, 2 km. W Pan-American Highway, 2000 ft., 20; 70
km. (by highway) S Cd. Victoria and 6 mi. W Pan-American
Highway, 43; 2 km. W El Carrizo, 12; 8 km. W, 10 km. N El
Encino, 400 ft., 2.

Additional records: Victoria (Nelson, 1898:147); Santa Maria
(Goodwin, 1954:8); Rancho Viejo (_ibid._); Rancho del Cielo
(_ibid._); 3 mi. NW Acuna (Hooper, 1953:4); Pano Ayuctle
(_ibid._); Gomez Farias (Goodwin, 1954:8); Mesa de Llera, 10
mi. NE Zamorina (Hooper, 1953:4); Altamira (Nelson,
1898:147).

=Sciurus alleni= Nelson

Allen's Squirrel

1898. _Sciurus alleni_ Nelson, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington,
12:147, June 3, type from Monterrey, Nuevo Leon.

_Distribution in Tamaulipas._--Along Sierra Madre Oriental
in southwestern part of state.

This squirrel occurs in stands of oak and "nogalillos" (hickory) trees that grow along streams and arroyos. Individuals are active from sunrise to about 10:00 a. m. and again late in the afternoon. They give a soft "chirring" call.

Nelson (1899:92) noted that specimens from Miquihuana were smaller than those from the type locality. Among specimens I have examined, some are as large as topotypes and two females are larger (total length, 486 and 490) than measurements given for the species by Nelson (_op. cit._).

_Record of occurrence._--Specimens examined, 11, from Joya
Verde, 35 km. SW Cd. Victoria, 3800 ft.

Additional records: Near Victoria (Nelson, 1899:92);
Miquihuana (_ibid._); Joya de Salas (Goodwin, 1954:8).

=Glaucomys volans herreranus= Goldman

Southern Flying Squirrel

1936. _Glaucomys volans herreranus_ Goldman, Jour.
Washington Acad. Sci., 26:463, November 15, type from Mts.
of Veracruz.

_Distribution in Tamaulipas._--Known only from Aserradero
del Infernillo (Goodwin, 1954:9 and 1961:9).

=Geomys personatus personatus= True

Texas Pocket Gopher

1889. _Geomys personatus_ True, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus.,
11:159 for 1888, January 5, type from Padre Island, Cameron
County, Texas.

_Distribution in Tamaulipas._--Known only from the barrier
beach in northeastern part of state.

The specimens examined are referred, tentatively, to _Geomys personatus personatus_ on geographic grounds. They average smaller in all measurements than _personatus_ (but are larger than _G. p. megapotamus_), do not have the sagittal crest that usually is present in _personatus_, and the shape of the pterygoid bones is distinctive. In _personatus_ and _megapotamus_ the ventral border of the pterygoids (in lateral view) is convex instead of nearly straight as in specimens from the barrier beach. The specimens recorded here are all that are known of _G. personatus_ (see account of _G. tropicalis_) from Mexico.

_Measurements._--Average and extreme external measurements
of five females from 73 miles south of Washington Beach are
as follows: 266.8 (263-271); 94.8 (91-98); 34 (33-35).
Cranial measurements of two males (89038, 89032) and average
and extremes of five females are respectively: basal length,
49.1, 46.6, 45.9 (44.2-46.8); basilar length, 42.9, 40.0,
39.8 (38.0-40.8); zygomatic breadth, 29.6, 28.3, 28.0
(25.7-29.9); squamosal breadth, 27.8, 25.9, 26.2
(23.8-25.4); interorbital constriction, 7.4, 6.9, 7.3
(6.7-7.8); alveolar length of maxillary tooth-row, 10.3,
9.2, 9.4 (9.1-9.7).

_Records of occurrence._--Specimens examined, 17: 35 mi. SSE
Matamoros, 8; 33 mi. S Washington Beach, 1; 73 mi. S
Washington Beach, 8.

Additional record: 4 mi. S Washington Beach (Selander _et
al._, 1962:335--possibly fragmentary skeletal remains never
catalogued in any research collection).

=Geomys tropicalis= Goldman

Tropical Pocket Gopher

1915. _Geomys personatus tropicalis_ Goldman, Proc. Biol.
Soc. Washington, 28:134, June 29, type from Altamira,
Tamaulipas.

_Distribution in Tamaulipas._--Known only from vicinity of
type locality, in southeastern part of state.

_Geomys tropicalis_ was named as a subspecies of _G. personatus_ in 1915 by E. A. Goldman. To my knowledge, no one other than Goldman has critically studied specimens of this pocket gopher, nor have specimens other than those listed in the original description been reported up to now. In 1953, Gerd H. Heinrich collected a series of 19 individuals one mile south of Altamira. These specimens were compared (by E. R. Hall in March, 1962) with the holotype and paratypes of _G. p. tropicalis_ and were found to be indistinguishable.

Careful comparisons of the specimens from one mile south of Altamira with topotypes of _G. personatus personatus_ (and specimens of other subspecies) indicate that _tropicalis_ differs from _personatus_ in a number of important characters, some of which _tropicalis_ shares with _Geomys arenarius_ of the Rio Grande Valley and adjacent areas in Texas, New Mexico, and Chihuahua (see Table 2).

TABLE 2.--DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THREE SPECIES OF GEOMYS.

=========================+==============+===============+============== |_G. arenarius_|_G. personatus_|_G. tropicalis_ -------------------------+--------------+---------------+-------------- Zygomatic arches | parallel | narrower | narrower | | posteriorly | posteriorly Sagittal crest | absent | present | small Squamosal knob | present | absent | present Interparietal | subquadrant | triangular | triangular Mesopterygoid fossa | V-shaped | U-shaped | V-shaped Ratio, zygomatic breadth | | | to basal length | 63.7-66.6 | 66.3-67.2 | 60.8-66.2 Ratio, mastoid breadth | | | to basal length | 58.0-60.4 | 59.8-63.1 | 58.0-59.6 Border of premaxilla at | | | incisive foramina | wedge-shaped | subquadrate | subquadrate -------------------------+--------------+---------------+--------------

As can be seen in the accompanying table _tropicalis_ resembles _arenarius_ in half of the eight characters considered, especially in the presence of a knob on the zygomatic process of the squamosal (the diagnostic character of _arenarius_ according to Merriam, 1895:140) and in the shape of the mesopterygoid fossa. _G. tropicalis_ differs from _arenarius_ principally in having a low sagittal crest in adult males (lacking in _arenarius_) and in the shape of the interparietal bone, which in _tropicalis_ is small (in some skulls difficult to see) and triangular instead of being relatively large and subquadrate as in _arenarius_.

_G. tropicalis_ resembles _personatus_ in half of the characters considered, notably in shape of the interparietal bone, outline of zygomatic arches, and constriction of the premaxillae where they border the incisive foramina.

Considering the distinctive combination of characters possessed by _tropicalis_, and its isolated, restricted geographic range (the nearest known record of _Geomys_ is approximately 165 miles to the north), _tropicalis_ is here regarded as a full species. A skull alone examined from 10 miles northwest of Tampico does not differ from those of other specimens studied.

The average weight of five non-pregnant July-taken females was 189.4 (180-200) grams. Weights of three males were 280, 270, and 255 grams. Females are in all measurements smaller than males.

_Measurements._--Average and extreme measurements of five
females and three males from one mile south of Altamira are,
respectively, as follows: 243.5 (235-250), 260, 260, 265;
82.0 (78-85), 87, 93, 89; 32.2 (31-33), 35, 35, 33; ear from
notch in both sexes, 5; condylobasal length, 42.3
(41.3-43.1), 46.0, 48.0, 46.2; zygomatic breadth, 26.6
(25.1-27.7), 30.4, 31.2, 30.5; interorbital constriction,
6.2 (6.1-6.3), 6.0, 6.2, 6.3; length of nasals, 14.6
(14.0-15.3), 17.0, 16.8, 15.9; alveolar length of maxillary
tooth-row, 9.0 (8.6-9.3), 9.9, 10.0, 9.4.

_Records of occurrence._--Specimens examined, 19: 1 mi. S
Altamira, 18; 10 mi. NW Tampico, 1.

Additional record: Altamira (Goldman, 1915:134).

=Heterogeomys hispidus negatus= Goodwin

Hispid Pocket Gopher

1953. _Heterogeomys hispidus negatus_ Goodwin, Amer. Mus.
Novit., 1620:1, May 4, type from Gomez Feras [Farias], 1300
ft., Tamaulipas.

_Distribution in Tamaulipas._--Known only from the vicinity
of the type locality.

Specimens of this pocket gopher were taken in large Macabee traps, at night with the aid of a dog, and by natives using slingshots. Mounds of _H. hispidus_ were common two miles west of El Carrizo near banana trees; the mouths of burrows were four to five inches in diameter. Two females collected at this locality on April 16 and 17 were lactating.

Specimens examined of _H. hispidus_ from Tamaulipas resemble the description of _H. h. negatus_ more than that of _H. h. concavus_, and are referred, therefore, to _negatus_. I assume, on geographic grounds, that the individuals reported by Hooper (1953:5) as _concavus_ are _negatus_; they are here referred to as _negatus_. If this referral is correct, the subspecies _concavus_ probably does not occur in Tamaulipas.

_Records of occurrence._--Specimens examined, 6: Ejido Santa
Isabel, 2 km. W Pan-American Highway, 2000 ft., 1; 2 km. W
El Carrizo, 1; 5 km. W El Carrizo, 4.

Additional records: Rancho Pano Ayuctle (Hooper, 1953:5);
Gomez Farias (Goodwin, 1953:1).

=Cratogeomys castanops=

Yellow-faced Pocket Gopher

Two subspecies of _Cratogeomys castanops_ occur in Tamaulipas, _C. c. planifrons_ in the higher elevations of the Sierra Madre Oriental in the western part of the state, and _C. c. tamaulipensis_ on the plains of the Rio Grande.

Specimens from Miquihuana were trapped in tunnels at 6400 feet elevation. At Palmillas, individuals were trapped in an area of mesquite, other bushes and "lechuguilla." Three specimens from southeast of Reynosa were collected in traps set along the dikes of irrigation ditches. Most specimens from Nicolas were brought by natives to the collector, but some were caught in traps set in tunnels among the desert bushes.

=Cratogeomys castanops planifrons= Nelson and Goldman

1943. _Cratogeomys castanops planifrons_ Nelson and Goldman,
Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 47:146, June 13, type from
Miquihuana, 5000 ft., Tamaulipas.

_Distribution in Tamaulipas._--Higher elevations in
southwestern part of state.

Specimens from four miles north of Jaumave do not differ from specimens from Miquihuana. The weights of nine females averaged 146.4 (110-210) grams; three males weighed 178, 203, and 215 grams.

_Records of occurrence._--Specimens examined, 29:
Miquihuana, 6400 ft., 9; 4 mi. N Jaumave, 2500 ft., 5;
Nicolas, 56 km. NW Tula, 5500 ft., 15.

=Cratogeomys castanops tamaulipensis= Nelson and Goldman

1934. _Cratogeomys castanops tamaulipensis_ Nelson and
Goldman, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 47:141, June 13, type
from Matamoros, Tamaulipas.

_Distribution in Tamaulipas._--Known only from two
localities in extreme northern part of state, but probably
occurs throughout northeastern part of state.

Three specimens from three miles southeast of Reynosa are referred to _C. c. tamaulipensis_ on geographic grounds. They are tawny brown dorsally instead of cinnamon brown or pinkish cinnamon as Nelson and Goldman (1943:141) described _tamaulipensis_, and the basioccipital bone (in one male) is parallel-sided instead of wedge-shaped. Possibly this difference is owing to sex; Nelson and Goldman studied only one adult, a female (the type), and the only adult seen by me was a male.

_Measurements._--An adult male (58118) from three miles
southeast of Reynosa, measured as follows: 301; 81; 40; 7;
condylobasal length, 57.0; zygomatic breadth, 41.2; palatal
length, 36.1; breadth of rostrum, 11.8; length of nasals,
22.0; squamosal breadth, 34.0; alveolar length of maxillary
tooth-row, 10.8.

_Records of occurrence._--Specimens examined, 3, from 3 mi.
SE Reynosa.

Additional record: Matamoros (Nelson and Goldman, 1934:140).

=Perognathus merriami merriami= J. A. Allen

Merriam's Pocket Mouse

1892. _Perognathus merriami_ J. A. Allen, Bull. Amer. Mus.
Nat. Hist., 4:45, March 25, type from Brownsville, Cameron
Co., Texas.

_Distribution in Tamaulipas._--State-wide except
southwestern part.

Most of the available specimens of _P. m. merriami_ were collected in the semi-arid areas of mesquite and grasses. At Soto la Marina _P. m. merriami_ was abundant in open fields surrounded by brush. One female, collected on July 4, one mile south of Altamira was lactating. Weights of 16 adults from Soto la Marina and that of nine adults from the vicinity of San Fernando are, respectively: 8.2 (7-10) and 8.1 (7-9) grams.

Specimens from Tamaulipas are darker than those examined from Coahuila and southern Texas. A skull picked up on the barrier beach, 73 miles south of Washington Beach, differs from all other skulls examined in having the rostrum (3.6 mm.) and M1 (4.3) wider, auditory bullae relatively smaller, and glenoid fossa larger (2.6 instead of less than 2.3 in specimens from Soto la Marina).

_Records of occurrence._--Specimens examined, 46: 4-4.5 mi.
S Nuevo Laredo, 900 ft., 4; 10 mi. S, 11 mi. E Nuevo Laredo,
600 ft., 2; 1 mi. S Santa Teresa, 1; San Fernando, 180 ft.,
1; 2 mi. W San Fernando, 180 ft., 14; 73 mi. S Washington
Beach, 1; 12 mi. NW San Carlos, 1300 ft., 1; Soto la Marina,
19; Ciudad Victoria, 1; 17 mi. SW Tula, 3900 ft., 1; 1 mi. S
Altamira, 1.

Additional records (Osgood, 1900:22, unless otherwise
noted): Mier; Reynosa; Matamoros; 40 mi. S Matamoros
(Hooper, 1953:5); Hidalgo; Altamira.

=Perognathus hispidus hispidus= Baird

Hispid Pocket Mouse

1858. _Perognathus hispidus_ Baird, Mammals, in Repts. Expl.
Surv. ..., 8(1):421, July 14, type from Charco Escondido,
Tamaulipas.

_Distribution in Tamaulipas._--Central and northern parts of
state.

Two specimens examined from the vicinity of Nuevo Laredo were trapped in weeds and tall grass along an irrigation ditch that ran between desert and a cornfield. One was a lactating female (November 15) and weighed 31 grams; the other, an immature male, weighed 23 grams. A May-taken specimen from Soto la Marina possesses a broader and more ochraceous lateral line than the other three individuals examined from Tamaulipas and the Texan specimens seen.

_Records of occurrence._--Specimens examined, 4: 10 mi. S,
11 mi. E Nuevo Laredo, 600 ft., 2; Soto la Marina, 500 ft.,
1; 9-1/2 mi. SW Padilla, 800 ft., 1.

Additional records (Osgood, 1900:44, unless otherwise
noted): Mier; Matamoros; Charco Escondido (Baird, 1858:422);
3 mi. W Soto la Marina (Hooper, 1953:5).

=Perognathus nelsoni nelsoni= Merriam

Nelson's Pocket Mouse

1894. _Perognathus (Chaetodipus) nelsoni_ Merriam, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 46:266, September 27, type
from Hacienda La Parada, about 25 mi. NW Cd. San Luis
Potosi, San Luis Potosi.

_Distribution in Tamaulipas._--Known only from the west side
of the Sierra Madre Oriental in southwestern part of state.

Most of the specimens examined were taken in semi-arid habitats where the dominant plants were cactus, weeds and bushes.

In Tamaulipas, specimens from the southern localities (places labeled with reference to Tula) are darker than those from the two northernmost localities (Miquihuana and four miles north of Jaumave). Most measurements are about equal in the southern and northern specimens, but in some measurements southern specimens average slightly smaller than those from the north. Greatest length of skull is a case in point. The difference in size is reflected in the weights. Average weights of nine males and nine females from southern localities are, respectively, 14.7 (12-16.5) and 13.8 (12-15.5) instead of 18.5 (17-20) and 17.0 (15-18) grams for four males and six females from the northern localities. In general, Tamaulipan specimens average somewhat smaller than those from other localities in eastern Mexico (see measurements given by Baker, 1956:238, Dalquest, 1953:107, and Osgood, 1900:53).

_Measurements._--Average and extreme measurements of six
specimens (2 males and 4 females) from Miquihuana, three
males from four miles north of Jaumave, and five (3 males
and 2 females) from nine miles southwest of Tula are,
respectively, as follows: 176.2 (163-185), ----, 170, 173,
(4 specimens only) 179.0 (165-186); 99.8 (97-105), ----, 90,
93, (4 specimens only) 96.7 (88-104); 22.5 (21-23), 23, 23,
24, 22.6 (22-23); 8 (8), 8, 8, 8, 8.8 (8-9); greatest length
of skull, 26.1 (25.6-26.6), 25.8, 26.5, 26.9, 25.2
(24.9-25.7); mastoid breadth, 13.3 (12.9-13.6), 13.2, 13.8,
13.6, 13.1 (12.9-13.4); interorbital constriction, 6.4
(6.1-6.6), 5.9, 6.3, 6.3, 6.3 (6.1-6.8); interparietal
breadth, 7.4 (6.8-7.9), 7.7, 7.2, 7.2, 7.6 (7.3-7.9);
alveolar length of maxillary tooth-row, 3.7 (3.5-4.0); 3.6,
3.5, 3.6, 3.6 (3.5-3.8).

_Records of occurrence._--Specimens examined, 42:
Miquihuana, 6300 ft., 7; 4 mi. N Jaumave, 2500 ft., 5;
Nicolas, 56 km. NW Tula, 5500 ft., 10; Tajada, 23 mi. NW
Tula, 5200 ft., 6; 8 mi. N Tula, 4500 ft., 1; 9 mi. SW Tula,
3900 ft., 13.

Additional record: Jaumave (Miller, 1924:284).

=Dipodomys ordii=

Ord's Kangaroo Rat

This species has a restricted geographic distribution in Tamaulipas, although three subspecies occur in the state; two of them occur in the extreme northeast and the other in the far west.

=Dipodomys ordii durranti= Setzer

1949. _Dipodomys ordii fuscus_ Setzer, Univ. Kansas Publ.,
Mus. Nat. Hist., 1:555, December 27, type from Jaumave,
Tamaulipas.

1952. _Dipodomys ordii durranti_ Setzer, Jour. Washington
Acad. Sci., 42:391, December 17, a renaming of _D. o.
fuscus_ Setzer, 1949.

_Distribution in Tamaulipas._--Semi-desert areas in western
part of state.

The specimen examined from four miles north of Jaumave was trapped in a xeric area in which the vegetation consisted of mesquite, high palmlike yuccas, and "lechugilla." Specimens from the vicinity of Tula were trapped along bushy fence rows and adjacent to clumps of bushes and cactus, or shot at night in an area in which the soil was a sandy loam having relatively large amounts of gravel. The average weight of seven specimens from Nicolas was 50.3 (42-60) grams.

According to Lidicker (1960:178 and in _litt._), the place called Lulu that was ascribed to Tamaulipas by Setzer (1949:550), and from which _D. o. durranti_ was reported, actually is in Zacatecas.

_Records of occurrence._--Specimens examined, 19:
Miquihuana, 6200 ft., 2; 4 mi. N Jaumave, 2500 ft., 3;
Nicolas, 56 km. NW Tula, 12; 8 km. N Tula, 4500 ft., 2.

Additional records (Setzer, 1949:556): Nuevo Laredo;
Jaumave.

=Dipodomys ordii parvabullatus= Hall

1951. _Dipodomys ordii parvabullatus_ Hall, Univ. Kansas
Publ., Mus. Nat. Hist., 5:38, October 1, type from 88 mi. S
and 10 mi. W Matamoros, Tamaulipas.

_Distribution in Tamaulipas._--Known only from two islands
off the barrier beach.

Weight of four adults averaged 49.2 (44-60) grams.

_Records of occurrence._--Specimens examined, 17: 33 mi. S
Washington Beach, 4; 88 mi. S, 10 mi. W Matamoros, 7; 90 mi.
S, 10 mi. W Matamoros, 6.

=Dipodomys ordii compactus= True

1889. _Dipodomys compactus_ True, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus.,
11:160, January 5, type from Padre Island, Cameron Co.,
Texas.

1942. _Dipodomys ordii compactus_, Davis, Jour. Mamm.,
23:332, August 13.

_Distribution in Tamaulipas._--Reported only from Bagdad
(Hall, 1951:41).

=Dipodomys merriami atronasus= Merriam

Merriam's Kangaroo Rat

1894. _Dipodomys merriami atronasus_ Merriam, Proc. Biol.
Soc. Washington, 9:113, June 21, type from Hacienda La
Parada, about 25 mi. NW San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi.

_Distribution in Tamaulipas._--Mexican Plateau in western
part of state.

Specimens examined are tentatively assigned to _Dipodomys merriami atronasus_. They differ from typical _atronasus_ as pointed out by Lidicker (1960:177). He noted that individuals from the eastern edge of the range of _D. m. atronasus_ were slightly paler than typical specimens, but I found Tamaulipan material to be much darker, especially behind the nose and ears (blackish instead of brownish), than specimens from Aguascalientes, San Luis Potosi and Zacatecas.

Specimens examined were collected under the same conditions and in the same areas as _D. ordii durranti_. The average weight of 20 adults (11 females and nine males) was 46.6 (38-50) grams.

_Records of occurrences._--Specimens examined, 27: Nicolas,
56 km. NW Tula, 5500 ft., 16; Tajada, 23 mi. NW Tula, 5200
ft., 4; 15 mi. N Tula, 1; 8 mi. N Tula, 4500 ft., 3; 9 mi.
SW Tula, 3900 ft., 3.

Additional record: Tula (Lidicker, 1960:178).

=Liomys irroratus=

Mexican Spiny Pocket Mouse

This species is probably the most common rodent in Tamaulipas. It was taken at almost every locality sampled and was associated with many other kinds of rodents. Its distribution is state-wide with the exception of the extreme northwestern part. Two subspecies are represented in Tamaulipas, _L. i. alleni_, which occurs in the western side of the Sierra Madre Oriental in the southwest part of the state, and _L. i. texensis_, which occupies the rest of the range of the species in the state.

At Soto la Marina specimens were taken in dense brush, around the cultivated fields; no burrows were seen and all specimens were trapped before 10:00 p.m. On the Sierra de Tamaulipas, _Liomys_ was collected in practically all microhabitats. In the vicinity of San Fernando, individuals were trapped in a dry area in which vegetation consisted of mesquite, cactus and chollas; the ground there was covered with dry leaves and small sticks, and burrows were found near the base of the mesquite bushes. One specimen was taken near the house of a woodrat. Two kilometers west of El Carrizo, where _Liomys irroratus_ is called "raton tuza," specimens were collected on rocks inclined at an angle of about twenty-five degrees that were covered with zacaton grass and some bushes. Some individuals were taken in a sugar cane field that was surrounded by bushes and tall grass; _Baiomys taylori_, _Sigmodon hispidus_, and _Peromyscus leucopus_ were taken in the line of traps. One specimen was caught in a trap baited with banana.

Some dates concerning reproduction of _Liomys irroratus_ in Tamaulipas are as follows: La Pesca, May 25, one female lactating and one female pregnant with 4 embryos that measured 8 mm.; Jaumave, July 26-29, three females lactating and three pregnant females that carried 6 embryos (6 mm.), 6 embryos (15 mm.), and 5 embryos (15 mm.); Palmillas, July 23, a female with 1 embryo measuring 6 mm.; Nicolas, October 19, a female carrying 4 embryos measuring 3 mm.

=Liomys irroratus alleni= (Coues)

1881. _Heteromys alleni_ Coues, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool.,
8:187, March, type from Rio Verde, San Luis Potosi.

1911. _Liomys irroratus alleni_, Goldman, N. Amer. Fauna,
34:56, September 7.

_Distribution in Tamaulipas._--Extreme southwestern part of
state.

This subspecies is easily distinguished from _L. i. texensis_ by the following features: hind foot larger, 31.5 (30-33.5) instead of 27.8 (27-29); skull longer, 34.2 (32.4-36.4) instead of 31.5 (30.0-32.5); maxillary tooth-row longer, 5.4 (5.0-5.8) instead of 5.0 (4.8-5.1); interorbital constriction relatively narrower in _alleni_. Intergradation between _L. i. alleni_ and _L. i. texensis_ takes place at Rancho Santa Rosa (where, of the two specimens, one is conspicuously larger than the other), eight kilometers northeast of Antiguo Morelos, El Encino, and Ejido Santa Isabel. All specimens from the localities mentioned are here assigned to _texensis_.

Weight of three pregnant females averaged 68.9 (64-78) grams, that of non-pregnant females, 65.6 (64-68), and that of six males 73.0 (65-80).

_Records of occurrence._--Specimens examined, 34: Villa
Mainero, 1700 ft., 2; Nicolas, 56 km. NW Tula, 5500 ft., 6;
Jaumave, 2400 ft., 23; 16 mi. N, 6 mi. W Palmillas, 5500
ft., 1; 14 mi. N, 6 mi. W Palmillas, 5500 ft., 2.

Additional records: Miquihuana (Goldman, 1911:56); Tula
(Hooper and Handley, 1958:18).

=Liomys irroratus texensis= Merriam

1902. _Liomys texensis_ Merriam, Proc. Biol. Soc.
Washington, 15:44, March 5, type from Brownsville, Cameron
Co., Texas.

1911. _Liomys irroratus texensis_, Goldman, N. Amer. Fauna,
34:59, September 7.

_Distribution in Tamaulipas._--State-wide except extreme
southwestern and northwestern parts.

Intergradation occurs between _L. i. texensis_ and _L. i. pretiosus_ in southeastern Tamaulipas as noted previously by Hooper (1953:5). Individuals from Altamira and one mile south thereof are small and dark as in _pretiosus_, but cranial measurements are as in _texensis_ to which they are here assigned. Specimens from the vicinity of Tampico are typical _texensis_.

Average weight of the specimens from three different localities are as follows: Soto la Marina, seven males, 42.7, 14 females, 36.9; Sierra de Tamaulipas, 12 males, 47.3, 20 females, 40.7; Sierra Madre Oriental, eight males, 45.5, nine females, 37.0 grams.

The specimens reported by Ingles (1959:394) from two miles south of El Mante as _L. irroratus_ are here referred to _texensis_ on geographic grounds.

_Records of occurrence._--Specimens examined, 121: 7 km. S,
2 km. W San Fernando, 7; 7 km. SW La Purisima, 1; Rancho
Santa Rosa, 25 km. N, 13 km. W Cd. Victoria, 260 m., 2; 36
km. N, 10 km. W Cd. Victoria, 1; 15 mi. N Cd. Victoria, 2; 4
mi. N La Pesca, 5; Soto la Marina, 25; Sierra Madre
Oriental, 5 mi. S, 3 mi. W Cd. Victoria, 1900 ft., 18;
Sierra de Tamaulipas, 2 mi. S, 10 mi. W Piedra, 1200 ft.,
36; Sierra de Tamaulipas, 3 mi. S, 10 mi. W Piedra, 1200
ft., 1; Ejido Santa Isabel, 2 km. W Pan-American Highway,
2000 ft., 3; Rancho Pano Ayuctle, 25 mi. N, 3 km. W El
Mante, 300 ft., 1; Rancho Pano Ayuctle, 6 mi. N Gomez
Farias, 300 ft., 8; 10 km. N, 8 km. W El Encino, 400 ft., 1;
2 km. W El Carrizo, 6; 53 km. N El Limon, 4; 8 km. NE
Antiguo Morelos, 2; Altamira, 1; 1 mi. S Altamira, 3; 10 mi.
NW Tampico, 1; 7 km. N Tampico, 2.

Additional records: Hidalgo (Goldman, 1911:59); Matamoros
(_ibid._); Bagdad (_ibid._); Sierra de San Carlos (Hooper
and Handley, 1948:20); 3 mi. W Soto la Marina (Hooper,
1953:5); [Cd.] Victoria (Goldman, 1911: 59); Acuna (Hooper
and Handley, 1948:20); Mesa de Llera (Hooper, 1953:5); Gomez
Farias (Goodwin, 1954:9); 2 mi. S Cd. Mante (Ingles,
1959:394); Antiguo Morelos (Hooper and Handley, 1948:20).

=Castor canadensis mexicanus= V. Bailey

Beaver

1913. _Castor canadensis mexicanus_ V. Bailey, Proc. Biol.
Soc. Washington, 26:191, October 23, type from Ruidoso
Creek, 6 mi. below Ruidoso, Lincoln Co., New Mexico.

_Distribution in Tamaulipas._--Probably in the Rio Grande
drainage.

The beaver has been reported in Tamaulipas only from Matamoros (Baird, 1858:355--three specimens) and from 12 miles below, south of, Matamoros (V. Bailey, 1905:124). In Tamaulipas the beaver may occur only in the Rio Grande drainage.

=Oryzomys palustris=

Marsh Rice Rat

Previous to this report only one subspecies of _Oryzomys palustris_ had been recorded from Tamaulipas. Careful examination of the available material from the state shows that _O. p. aquaticus_ occurs in the east and _O. p. peragrus_ lives in the southwestern part of the state.

In general, specimens examined were trapped in dense brush alongside waterholes as at Altamira, or around cornfields as at the place 36 kilometers north and 10 kilometers west of Ciudad Victoria, where the bushes were mesquite and other kinds of Acacias. There the ground was covered by cat claw, and no grass was seen near the traps in which _O. palustris_ was caught. In the Sierra de Tamaulipas a specimen was caught among rocks and bushes. Ingles (1959:395) reported that his specimens were trapped alive in dense brush and "tules."

A female taken at Jaumave on July 25 had 5 embryos, each 20 mm. in crown-rump length.

=Oryzomys palustris aquaticus= J. A. Allen

1891. _Oryzomys aquaticus_ J. A. Allen, Bull. Amer. Mus.
Nat. Hist., 3:289, June 30, type from Brownsville, Cameron
Co., Texas.

1918. _Oryzomys couesi aquaticus_, Goldman, N. Amer. Fauna,
43:39, September 23.

1960. _Oryzomys palustris aquaticus_, Hall, The Southwestern
Nat., 5:173, November 1.

_Distribution in Tamaulipas._--North part of state, and
coastal area south to Tampico.

Weights of two males were 80 and 82, and of a female 66 grams.

_Oryzomys palustris aquaticus_ differs from _O. p. peragrus_ in having a rich cinnamon, reddish color and the interorbital region constricted to less than 14.7 per cent of the greatest length of the skull. _O. p. peragrus_ is ochraceous and grayish. The least width of its interorbital region is more than 14.5 per cent of the greatest length of the skull. Individuals studied from the Sierra de Tamaulipas are typical _aquaticus_. Of those from Altamira, one has the color as in _aquaticus_, but the color of the other two resembles that of _peragrus_; nevertheless, all of the mentioned specimens are here assigned to _aquaticus_.

_Records of occurrence._--Specimens examined, 4: Sierra de
Tamaulipas, 10 mi. W, 2 mi. S Piedra, 1200 ft., 1; 6 mi. N,
6 mi. W Altamira, 2; 5 mi. N, 5 mi. W Altamira, 1.

Additional records: Camargo (Goldman, 1918:40); Matamoros
(_ibid._); near Cd. Tampico (Ingles, 1958:395).

=Oryzomys palustris peragrus= Merriam

1901. _Oryzomys mexicanus peragrus_ Merriam, Proc.
Washington Acad. Sci., 3:283, July 26, type from Rio Verde,
San Luis Potosi.

1918. _Oryzomys couesi peragrus_, Goldman, N. Amer. Fauna,
43:39, September 23.

1960. _Oryzomys palustris peragrus_, Hall, The Southwestern
Nat., 5:173, November 1.

_Distribution in Tamaulipas._--Western part of state, along
Sierra Madre Oriental.

Two males from Jaumave weighed 62 and 65 and one pregnant female weighed 67 grams.

Most records of _O. p. peragrus_ are from places along the Sierra Madre Oriental, but Lawrence (1947:103) recorded a specimen from the Rio Corona, which is east of, but not far from the mentioned Sierra. Baker (1951:215) reported two specimens from two different localities labeled with reference to Ciudad Victoria (same specimens reported here) as _O. p. aquaticus_, but pointed out that they tended "toward the darker _O. c. peragrus_." Examination of more material and taking into consideration the relation between the interorbital constriction and the greatest length of skull, cause me here to refer those specimens to _peragrus_.

Hooper (1953:8) reported three young specimens from Rancho Pano Ayuctle as of the subspecies _aquaticus_, but study of two adults from the same locality reveals that this locality should be included within the geographic range of _peragrus_.

_Records of occurrence._--Specimens examined, 9: 36 km. N,
10 km. W Cd. Victoria, 1; Jaumave, 2400 ft., 5; Rancho Pano
Ayuctle, 25 mi. N, 3 km. W El Mante, 2; 70 km. S Cd.
Victoria (by highway) and 6 km. W of Highway, 1.

Additional records: Rio Corana (Lawrence, 1947:103); Pano
Ayuctle (Hooper, 1953:8).

=Oryzomys melanotis=

Black-eared Rice Rat

_Oryzomys melanotis_ occurs in Tamaulipas from Soto la Marina southward. Two subspecies are recorded: _O. m. carrorum_ in the north and _O. m. rostratus_ in the tropical area from Rancho Pano Ayuctle to Altamira.

Specimens from the Sierra de Tamaulipas were trapped along a stream, edged with trees, bushes and rocks; at Rancho Pano Ayuctle the animals were in grass between banana groves. The specimen from 70 kilometers south of Ciudad Victoria was taken in tall grass near a field of sugar cane in a line of traps that yielded also _Peromyscus leucopus_, _Sigmodon hispidus_, _Liomys irroratus_, and _Oryzomys fulvescens_. Hooper (1953:8) and Ingles (1959:395) reported _O. melanotis_ as caught at the edges of cane fields.

=Oryzomys melanotis carrorum= Lawrence

1947. _Oryzomys rostratus carrorum_ Lawrence, Proc. New
England Zool. Club, 24:101, May 29, type from Rancho Santa
Ana, about 8 mi. SW Padilla, Rio Soto la Marina, Tamaulipas.

1959. _Oryzomys melanotis carrorum_, Hall and Kelson, The
Mammals of North America, 2:560, March 21.

_Distribution in Tamaulipas._--Southeast part of state;
known only from the type locality and the Sierra de
Tamaulipas.

The original description of this subspecies was based on three specimens collected at Rancho Santa Ana. Specimens examined from the Sierra de Tamaulipas extended the known range 45 miles southeast of the type locality, and also extend the previously known altitudinal range of 300-350 feet elevation to 1200 feet.

Specimens examined correspond in color and measurements to those recorded by Lawrence (1947:102-103). Of 12 specimens studied, the tympanic bullae of six touch the surface of the table when the skull rests on the tips of the incisors and the occipital condyles. In the other six the bullae are 0.3 to 1.3 mm. above the table top. The mesopterygoid space in the specimens examined are broad and U-shaped and not V-shaped as in the three specimens examined by Lawrence (_op. cit._). Weight of six males was 52.5 (48-63) and of four females 44.7 (40-49) grams.

_Measurements._--Average and extreme measurements of six
males are as follows: 255.3 (240-269); 135.7 (120-147);
135.7 (120-147); 30.4 (30-31); 21 (20-22); greatest length
of skull, 31.6 (30.9-32.5); zygomatic breadth, 15.3
(14.7-16.1); interorbital constriction, 4.8 (4.5-5.1);
breadth of skull, 31.6 (30.9-32.5); length of nasals, 12.9
(12.4-13.4); length of anterior palatine foramina, 5.5
(5.2-5.7); length of palatal bridge, 6.1 (5.8-6.4); length
of maxillary tooth-row, 4.0 (3.9-4.1). The females average
slightly smaller.

_Records of occurrence._--Specimens examined, 12 from Sierra
de Tamaulipas, 10 mi. W, 2 mi. S Piedra, 1200 ft.

Additional record: Type locality (Lawrence, 1947:102).

=Oryzomys melanotis rostratus= Merriam

1901. _Oryzomys rostratus_ Merriam, Proc. Washington Acad.
Sci., 3:293. July 26, type from Metlatoyuca, Puebla.

1953. _Oryzomys melanotis rostratus_, Hooper, Occ. Papers
Mus. Zool., Univ. Michigan, 544:8, March 25.

_Distribution in Tamaulipas._--Extreme southeastern part of
state, in tropical area.

Ingles (1959:395) reported one specimen from two miles north of Ciudad Mante as _O. melanotis_; here it is referred to _O. m. rostratus_ on geographic grounds.

_Records of occurrence._--Specimens examined, 2: 2 km. W El
Carrizo, 1; Rancho Pano Ayuctle, 25 mi. N El Mante and 3 km.
W Highway, 1.

Additional records: 2 mi. N Cd. Mante (Ingles, 1959:395);
Altamira (Goldman, 1918:54).

=Oryzomys alfaroi huastecae= Dalquest

1951. _Oryzomys alfaroi huastecae_ Dalquest, Jour.
Washington Acad. Sci., 41:363, November 14, type from 10 km.
E Platanito, San Luis Potosi.

_Distribution in Tamaulipas._--Known only from Rancho del
Cielo (Hooper, 1953:8).

=Oryzomys fulvescens=

Pygmy Rice Rat

The pygmy rice rat in Tamaulipas was collected in grass. Two kilometers west of El Carrizo in grass around a sugar cane field, traps, baited with scraps of deer meat, caught _Oryzomys fulvescens_, _Sigmodon hispidus_, _Peromyscus leucopus_ and _Liomys irroratus_. Seven kilometers north of Tampico, _O. fulvescens_ was taken along with _Peromyscus leucopus_, _Sigmodon hispidus_ and _Baiomys taylori_.

A female obtained on March 2, at Rancho Pano Ayuctle, had 4 embryos 16 mm. in crown-rump length.

=Oryzomys fulvescens fulvescens= (Saussure)

1860. _H[esperomys]. fulvescens_ Saussure, Revue et Mag.
Zool., Paris, ser. 2, 12:102, March, type from Veracruz;
fixed by Merriam (Proc. Washington Acad. Sci., 3:295, July
26, 1901) at Orizaba.

1897. _Oryzomys fulvescens_, J. A. Allen and Chapman, Bull.
Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 9:204, June 16.

_Distribution in Tamaulipas._--Reported only from Rancho del
Cielo (Goodwin, 1954:10).

=Oryzomys fulvescens engracie= Osgood

1945. _Oryzomys fulvescens engracie_ Osgood, Jour. Mamm.,
26:300, November 14, type from Hacienda Santa Engracia (32
km. N), NW of Cd. Victoria, Tamaulipas.

_Distribution in Tamaulipas._--Central and southeast parts
of state.

_Records of occurrence._--Specimens examined, 13: 2 km. W El
Carrizo, 5; Rancho Pano Ayuctle, 25 mi. N, 3 km. W El Mante,
6; 10 km. N, 8 km. W El Encino, 1; 7 km. N Tampico, 1.

Additional record: Altamira (Osgood, 1945:300).

=Reithrodontomys megalotis hooperi= Goodwin

Western Harvest Mouse

1954. _Reithrodontomys megalotis hooperi_ Goodwin, Amer.
Mus. Novit., 1660:1, May 25, type from Rancho del Cielo, 5
mi. NW Gomez Farias, 3500 ft., Tamaulipas.

_Distribution in Tamaulipas._--Known only from type
locality.

=Reithrodontomys fulvescens=

Fulvous Harvest Mouse