Chapter XXXVIII: Appendix: WW. Vol. ii. p. 384 (7)

Helias of La Flèche,
contrasted with Rufus, i. 171;
enmity of Robert of Bellême to, i. 183;
his character and descent, i. 205, ii. 195, 196;
submits to Duke Robert, i. 209;
his position compared with that of King Philip, ii. 169;
his castles, ii. 196;
his wife Matilda, _ib._;
his possible claim on the county of Maine, ii. 195, 197;
imprisons and sets free Bishop Howel, ii. 198, 199, 624;
buys the county of Hugh, ii. 203;
excellence of his reign, ii. 204;
his friendship for Bishop Howel, _ib._;
prepares to go on the crusade, ii. 205;
estimate of his action, ii. 206;
his interview with Robert and with William Rufus, ii. 207-210;
challenges Rufus, ii. 208;
makes ready for defence, ii. 210;
his action in the appointment to the bishopric, ii. 211, 624;
his acceptance of Hildebert the cause of the war, ii. 213, 625;
strengthens Dangeul Castle, ii. 213, 214;
his guerilla warfare, ii. 215;
defeats Robert of Bellême at Saônes, ii. 222;
his second victory over him, ii. 223;
taken prisoner near Dangeul, ii. 223, 224, 625;
surrendered to William Rufus, ii. 225;
honourably treated by him, _ib._;
Hildebert negotiates for his release, ii. 238, 625, 628-630;
William agrees to release him, ii. 238, 628;
his interview with William at Rouen, ii. 242-245, 640-645;
defies him, ii. 243, 641;
is set free, ii. 244, 642, 643;
his renewed action, ii. 275;
marches against Le Mans, ii. 277;
his victory at Pontlieue, ii. 278;
recovers Le Mans, _ib._;
besieges the castles in vain, ii. 282;
flees to Château-du-Loir, ii. 287;
burns two castles, ii. 288;
returns to Le Mans, ii. 370;
his dealings with the garrison of the castle, ii. 370, 371;
called the “White Bachelor,” ii. 371;
his conference with Walter of Rouen, _ib._;
surrender of the castle to, ii. 373;
his last reign, _ib._;
his friendship with Henry I, ii. 373, 413;
his second marriage, _ib._;
descent of the Angevin kings from him, ii. 374;
notices of his death, ii. 374 (_note_);
Anselm’s letter to him, ii. 581.

Helias of Saint-Saens,
married to Robert’s daughter, i. 235;
his descent, _ib._;
importance of his position, i. 236;
his fidelity to Robert, i. 237.

Heloise, Countess of Evreux,
her rivalry with Isabel of Conches, i. 231-234, 245;
Orderic’s account of her, i. 237 (_note_);
her banishment and death, i. 270;
Bertrada of Montfort brought up by, ii. 193.

Henry IV.,
Emperor, i. 549;
excommunicated at the Council of Clermont, i. 549, 611.

Henry I,
his familiar knowledge of English, i. viii;
the one Ætheling among William’s sons, i. 11, ii. 461;
an alleged party favours his immediate succession, i. 11
(_note_);
difficulties in the way of it, i. 20;
refuses a loan to Robert, i. 196;
buys the Côtentin and Avranchin of him, i. 196, ii. 510-516;
his firm rule, i. 197, 221;
goes to England and claims his mother’s lands, i. 195, 197;
William Rufus promises them to him, i. 197;
brings Robert of Bellême back with him, i. 199;
imprisoned by Duke Robert, _ib._;
set free, i. 220;
strengthens his castles, i. 221;
comes to Robert’s help at Rouen, i. 248;
sends him away, i. 254;
takes Conan, i. 256;
puts him to death with his own hand, i. 257-259, ii. 516-518;
policy thereof, i. 260;
William and Robert agree together against, i. 278, ii. 527;
excluded from the succession by the treaty of Caen, i. 280;
his position as Ætheling, i. 281;
William’s policy towards, _ib._;
strengthens himself against his brothers, i. 283;
besieged by them at Saint Michael’s Mount, i. 284-292,
ii. 528-535;
Robert’s generosity to, i. 291, ii. 534;
surrenders, i. 293;
accompanies William to England, i. 293, 295;
his alleged adventures, i. 294, ii. 535-540;
signs the Durham charter, i. 305, ii. 536;
chosen lord of Domfront, i. 319, ii. 538;
restored to William’s favour, i. 321;
wars against Robert, _ib._;
gets back his county, _ib._;
occupies the castle of Saint James, _ib._;
grants it to Earl Hugh, i. 323;
alleged spoliation of, by Flambard, i. 334, 357;
helps Robert, grandson of Geroy, against Robert of Bellême,
i. 469;
summoned by William to Eu, _ib._;
goes to England, i. 470;
reconciled to William, _ib._;
returns to Normandy and wars against Robert, _ib._;
William’s grants to, i. 567;
story of him on the day of William’s death, ii. 321, 345, 346;
his claims to the throne, ii. 344;
his speedy election, ii. 345, 680;
William of Breteuil withstands his demand for the treasure,
ii. 346, 680;
popular feeling for him, ii. 346, 351;
his formal election, ii. 347, 348;
fills up the see of Winchester, ii. 349;
his coronation, ii. 350, 681;
goes to London with Robert of Meulan, ii. 350, 680;
form of his oath, ii. 350;
his charter, i. 336, 338, 342, 344, ii. 352-357;
his statute against the mercenaries, i. 154, ii. 498;
his policy towards the second order, ii. 356;
his alleged laws, ii. 357;
his appointments to abbeys, ii. 359;
imprisons Randolf Flambard, ii. 361;
his inner council, ii. 362;
recalls Anselm, ii. 364;
Norman intrigues against, ii. 367, 368, 393, 395;
his war with Robert, _ib._;
the garrison of Le Mans send an embassy to, ii. 372;
his friendship with Helias, ii. 373, 413;
his meeting with Anselm, ii. 374;
his dispute with him compared with that of Rufus, i. 605,
ii. 374;
calls on Anselm to do homage, ii. 375;
the question is adjourned, ii. 377, 378, 399;
his reformation of the court, ii. 379, 502;
his personal character, ii. 379;
his mistresses and children, ii. 97, 110 (_note_), 380, 381,
389, 414;
seeks Eadgyth-Matilda in marriage, ii. 382, 684;
his descent from Ælfred, ii. 383;
objections to the marriage, ii. 384, 683-688;
later fables about his marriage, ii. 387, 684, 685;
his marriage, ii. 387;
his nickname of _Godric_, ii. 389;
his children by Matilda, _ib._;
appoints Gerard to the see of York, ii. 392;
his rule distasteful to the Normans, ii. 395;
plots against him, ii. 395, 399;
his Whitsun gemót, ii. 399;
loyalty of the Church and people to, ii. 401, 410, 411;
fusion of Normans and English under, ii. 401, 455;
peace of his reign, ii. 402, 454;
his levy against Robert’s invasion, ii. 403;
desertion of some of his fleet, ii. 404, 686;
and of certain of the nobles, ii. 409;
his nickname of _Hartsfoot_, _ib._;
his trust in Anselm, and promises to him, ii. 410, 411;
his exhortation to his army, ii. 411;
his negotiations with Robert, ii. 412;
their personal meeting and treaty, ii. 412-415, 538, 688-691;
his schemes against the great barons, ii. 415;
his rewards and punishments, ii. 417;
his action against Robert of Bellême, ii. 421, 422;
negotiates against him with Duke Robert, ii. 426;
besieges Arundel, ii. 428;
Arundel and Tickhill surrender to him, ii. 428, 429;
his faith pledged for Robert of Bellême’s life, ii. 430, 438;
his Shropshire campaign, ii. 432 et seq.;
besieges Bridgenorth, ii. 435-444;
division of feeling in his army, ii. 437;
appeal of his army to, ii. 438;
his dealings with the Welsh, ii. 439, 451-453;
surrender of Bridgenorth to, ii. 444;
his march to Shrewsbury, ii. 446-448;
Robert of Bellême submits to, ii. 448;
banishes him and his brothers, ii. 449, 450;
his later imprisonment of Robert of Bellême, i. 184, ii. 450;
banishes William of Mortain, ii. 453;
character and effects of his reign, ii. 454, 457;
the refounder of the English nation, ii. 455;
his compromise with Anselm, _ib._;
England reconciled to the Conquest under, ii. 456;
his correspondence with Anselm, ii. 579;
see of Carlisle founded by, i. 318;
at the consecration of Canterbury Cathedral, i. 597 (_note_);
his settlement of Flemings in Pembrokeshire, ii. 70 (_note_);
his second marriage, ii. 389 (_note_);
seizes on the treasure left by Magnus at Lincoln, ii. 624.

Henry II.,
his blasphemy, i. 167;
question of the legatine power granted to, i. 526 (_note_);
estimate of his dispute with Thomas, i. 605.

Henry VIII. compared with Francis I, i. 173 (_note_).

Henry of Beaumont,
earldom of Warwick granted to, i. 472;
his influence in favour of the election of Henry I, ii. 348, 680;
his signature to Henry’s charter, ii. 358;
one of his inner council, ii. 362;
signs Henry’s letter to Anselm, ii. 366;
the owner of a burgess at Gloucester, ii. 564.

Henry of Huntingdon as a contemporary writer, i. 9 (_note_).

Henry of Port, his signature to the charter of Henry I, ii. 358.

Henry, son of Nest and Henry I, ii. 379.

Henry, son of Swegen, ii. 551.

Heppo the _balistarius_, given as a surety to Bishop William, i. 114,
120.

Herbert Losinga, Bishop of Thetford,
buys the see for himself, i. 354, ii. 568;
and the Abbey of New Minster for his father, i. 355;
repents, and receives his bishopric from the Pope, i. 355,
ii. 568;
anger of Rufus thereat, i. 356, ii. 569;
not present at Anselm’s consecration, i. 429;
deprived by Rufus, i. 448, ii. 569;
restored to his see, i. 449, ii. 569;
moves the see to Norwich, _ib._

Hereditary right, growth of, i. 280.

Hereford, seized by Robert of Lacy, i. 46.

Herfast, Bishop of Thetford, his encounter with Saint Eadmund,
ii. 268.

Herlwin, Abbot of Glastonbury, his appointment, ii. 360.

Hervey, Bishop of Bangor, at the consecration of Gloucester Abbey,
ii. 317.

Hiesmois, war in, ii. 428.

Hildebert, Bishop of Le Mans,
his election accepted by Helias, ii. 211, 625;
his character, ii. 212;
anger of William Rufus at his election, ii. 213, 625;
negotiates for the release of Helias, ii. 238, 625, 628-630;
at the head of the municipal council of Le Mans, ii. 226, 238;
welcomes William Rufus into Le Mans, ii. 240;
reconciled to him, ii. 297, 626;
charges brought against, _ib._;
ordered to pull down the towers of Saint Julian’s, ii. 297, 298,
654;
receives the kiss of peace from Rotrou’s mother, ii. 373 (_note_);
translated to the see of Tours, ii. 212;
Anselm’s letters to, ii. 580.

Hildebert II., Abbot of Saint Michael’s Mount, his buildings, i. 284.

Hilgot of Le Mans, ii. 201.

Holm Peel, Island of, Magnus at, ii. 141.

Honour, law of,
as practised by William Rufus, i. 85, 92, 169, 408, ii. 14, 237,
244;
Palgrave on, ii. 508.

Hook. W. F., his estimate of Anselm, i. 326 (_note_).

Howard, family of, ii. 430 (_note_).

Howel, Bishop of Le Mans,
his loyalty to Duke Robert, i. 205, 208, ii. 198;
story of his appointment, i. 205;
consecrated at Rouen, i. 207, 208;
his conduct during the famine, i. 208;
imprisoned by Helias, ii. 198, 624;
liberated by him, ii. 199;
flees to Robert and is bidden to return, ii. 200;
his disputes with Hugh and with his chapter, ii. 201;
comes to England, _ib._;
his reconciliation and return, ii. 202;
his friendship with Helias, ii. 204;
translates Saint Julian, _ib._;
his buildings, ii. 205, 634 et seq., 656;
entertains Urban, ii. 205;
his sickness, _ib._;
and death, ii. 210;
foundation charter of Salisbury Cathedral signed by, i. 309
(_note_).

Howel, Welsh prince, flees to Ireland, ii. 301.

Howel, son of Goronwy,
besieges Pembroke, ii. 108;
grants to, by Henry I, ii. 452.

Hubert of Rye, his alleged share in the accession of William the
Conqueror, ii. 463.

Hucher, M., on Le Mans, ii. 631.

Hugh, Archbishop of Lyons,
denounces Philip’s adulterous marriage, ii. 173;
advises Anselm to return after the death of Rufus, ii. 364;
Anselm’s letter to, i. 419, ii. 571, 576.

Hugh, Saint, his foreign origin, i. 365.

Hugh of Saint-Calais, Bishop of Le Mans, his buildings at and gifts
to Le Mans, ii. 639, 640.

Hugh, Abbot of Clugny, his dream about William Rufus, ii. 341, 666.

Hugh, Abbot of Flavigny,
his story of the mission of Abbot Geronto, ii. 588;
marvellous tales told by, ii. 589;
his chronicle and career, _ib._

Hugh or Hugolin with the Beard, ii. 489.

Hugh the Great, brother of King Philip, goes on the first crusade,
i. 350.

Hugh of Avranches, Earl of Chester,
his loyalty to William Rufus, i. 34, 62;
supports Henry, i. 221;
surrenders his castle to William, i. 283;
his alleged advice to Henry, ii. 530;
joins Henry, i. 320;
castle of Saint James granted to, i. 323, ii. 540;
his friendship with Anselm, i. 380;
his changes at Saint Werburh’s at Chester, i. 381, 382;
seeks help from Anselm, i. 382;
his sickness and messages to Anselm, i. 383;
summoned by William Rufus to Eu, i. 469;
goes to England, i. 470;
his share in the conspiracy of Robert of Mowbray, ii. 38;
urges the mutilation of William of Eu, ii. 64;
his advance in Anglesey, ii. 97;
his last expedition to Anglesey, ii. 129-146, 619;
bribes the wikings, ii. 130;
his cruelty to the captives, ii. 131, 132;
makes peace with Magnus, ii. 145;
Anglesey and North Wales subdued by, ii. 146;
compared with Robert of Bellême, ii. 150;
hastens to acknowledge Henry I as king, ii. 362;
one of Henry’s inner council, _ib._;
his death, ii. 410;
his signature to the Durham charter, ii. 536;
Anselm’s letter of rebuke to, ii. 580.

Hugh Bardolf, gate of Montfort Castle named after, ii. 254.

Hugh, of Beaumont,
reads the charge against Bishop William, i. 98;
defies him, i. 101.

Hugh, Earl of Bedford, i. 98 (_note_), ii. 419 (_note_).

Hugh of Buckland, Sheriff of Berkshire, his dealings with Abingdon
Abbey, ii. 665.

Hugh of Dun, his dealings with Abingdon Abbey, ii. 665.

Hugh of Este, son of Azo,
sent for by the men of Maine, ii. 195, 198;
his succession accepted by Helias, ii. 197;
reaches Le Mans, ii. 200;
his dispute with Bishop Howel, ii. 201;
reconciled to him, ii. 202;
his unpopularity, _ib._;
puts away his wife and is excommunicated, _ib._;
bought out by Helias, ii. 203.

Hugh of Evermouth, i. 571.

Hugh of Grantmesnil,
rebels against William Rufus, i. 34;
his ravages, i. 36;
strengthens his castle against Robert of Bellême, i. 274;
his death and burial, i. 473.

Hugh of Jaugy, i. 565, ii. 123.

Hugh of Lacy, grant of his brother’s estates to, ii. 63.

Hugh, Count of Meulan, i. 185.

Hugh of Montgomery, Earl of Shrewsbury,
rebels against William Rufus, i. 57;
succeeds his father in England, i. 473;
buys his pardon of Rufus, ii. 62;
his expedition into Anglesey, ii. 129-144, 619;
bribes the wikings, ii. 130;
his cruelty to the captives, ii. 131, 132;
his death, ii. 144, 618-621;
his burial, ii. 145;
effects of his death, ii. 147, 150, 618.

Hugh of Port, i. 117, 120.

Humbald, Archdeacon of Salisbury, ii. 384.

Humbert, Count of Maurienne, Anselm’s letter to, ii. 580.

I.

Ida, Countess of Boulogne, her correspondence with Anselm, i. 374,
384, ii. 571, 581.

Ilchester,
description of, i. 43;
besieged by Robert of Mowbray, _ib._

Ingemund,
sent by King Murtagh to the Sudereys, ii. 138;
his death, _ib._

Ingulf, prior of Norwich, ii. 569.

Investiture,
royal right of, i. 345, 346;
not questioned by Anselm, i. 403;
change in his views in regard to, i. 404;
forbidden by the Council of Clermont, i. 548;
dispute between Henry I and Anselm, ii. 375 et seq.;
Anselm’s letters about, ii. 579, 584.

Iona, isle of,
Margaret’s gifts to, ii. 21;
Duncan buried at, ii. 36 (_note_);
spared by Magnus, ii. 141.

Ireland,
designs of William the Conqueror on, ii. 94;
of William Rufus on, ii. 93;
of Magnus of Norway on, ii. 136, 141, 620.

Irish, help Rhys and Gruffydd, i. 121, 122.

Isabel or Elizabeth of Vermandois, daughter of Hugh the Great,
married to Robert of Meulan, i. 187 (_note_), 551;
her marriage denounced by Bishop Ivo of Chartres, i. 551
(_note_);
her second marriage, i. 187 (_note_).

Isabel, daughter of Robert of Meulan, mistress of Henry I, i. 187
(_note_), ii. 380.

Isabel of Montfort, wife of Ralph of Conches,
her rivalry with Heloise of Evreux, i. 231-234, 245;
her character, i. 233;
takes the veil, i. 233 (_note_), 271.

Isabel, daughter of William of Breteuil, given in marriage to Ascelin
Goel, i. 243, 268 (_note_).

Ivo, Bishop of Chartres,
his advice to Anselm, i. 367 (_note_);
denounces the marriage of Isabel and Robert of Meulan, i. 551
(_note_);
protests against the marriage of King Philip and Bertrada, i. 559
(_note_), ii. 173.

Ivo of Grantmesnil,
goes on the first crusade, i. 552;
called the “rope-dancer,” i. 565 (_note_);
plots against Henry, ii. 395;
harries his neighbours’ lands, ii. 417;
his trial and conviction, _ib._;
his bargain with Robert of Meulan, ii. 418;
his relations with Leicester, _ib._

Ivo, son of Ivo of Grantmesnil, ii. 418.

Ivo Taillebois,
his action in the case of Bishop William, i. 114, 115;
holds Kirkby Kendal, ii. 549.

Ivo of Veci, lord of Alnwick, ii. 596.

Ivor, grandson of Cadwgan, defeats the English, ii. 107.

Ivry,
granted to William of Breteuil, i. 194;
lost by him, i. 243;
claimed by Robert of Meulan, _ib._

J.

Jarrow, Tynemouth granted to, ii. 18, 605.

Jeronto, Abbot. _See_ Geronto.

Jerusalem, kingdom of, said to have been refused by Duke Robert,
i. 566.

Jerusalem, Patriarch of, Wulfstan’s correspondence with, i. 479.

Jestin, son of Gwrgan,
story of him and Einion, ii. 80;
estimate of the story, ii. 81, 614;
his descendants, ii. 81 (_note_), 82, 87;
his alleged long life, ii. 614.

Jews,
settle in England, i. 160;
their position, _ib._;
favoured by Rufus, i. 161;
compared with the Sicilian Saracens, _ib._;
dispute between their rabbis and English bishops, _ib._;
converts forced to apostatize by Rufus, i. 162, 614, ii. 504.

John, King, his devotion to the shrine of Wulfstan, i. 481.

John of Tours,
bishopric of Somerset granted to, i. 136, ii. 483;
removes the see to Bath, _ib._;
his doings at Wells and at Bath, i. 138, ii. 486;
his architectural works, i. 138;
assists Osmund to consecrate Salisbury cathedral, i. 309;
at the consecration of the church of Battle, i. 444;
Anselm confers with him at Winchester, i. 586;
at the deathbed of William of Durham, ii. 61;
his signature to the Durham charter, ii. 536.

John, Bishop of Tusculum, ii. 488.

John, Abbot of Telesia, i. 615.

John, Prior of Bath, letter of Anselm to, ii. 490.

John, son of Odo of Bayeux, ii. 488.

John of La Flèche, father of Helias, ii. 196.

Jones, Longueville, on Penmon and Aberlleiniog, ii. 130 (_note_).

Jorwerth, son of Bleddyn,
becomes the man of Robert of Bellême, ii. 424;
his action on behalf of Robert, ii. 433;
promises of Henry I to, ii. 439;
influences the Welsh on his behalf, ii. 440, 442;
his war with his brothers, ii. 451;
Henry’s want of faith to, _ib._;
his trial and imprisonment, ii. 452;
his later history, ii. 453.

Judith, wife of Tostig, her invention of Saint Oswine’s body,
ii. 18, 604.

Julian, Saint, translation of his body, ii. 204.

Juliana, natural daughter of Henry I, i. 201, ii. 380.

Jurwine, son of King Anna of East-Anglia, ii. 268 (_note_).

_Justice_, technical use of the word, i. 191 (_note_).

Justiciarship, growth of the office under Flambard, i. 331.

K.

Kenfig, borough of, ii. 88.

Kidwelly, ii. 86;
conquest of, ii. 102;
granted to Howell, ii. 451.

Kings, doctrine of their immunity from drowning, ii. 284, 647, 648,
651.

Kirkby Kendal, held by Ivo Taillebois, ii. 549.

Knights,
privileges granted to, by Henry I, ii. 355;
effect of this grant, ii. 356.

L.

La Chartre, castle of, ii. 275.

La Ferté Saint Samson, castle of, surrendered to Rufus, i. 230.

La Flèche,
Helias withdraws to, ii. 275;
castle of, ii. 276.

La Houlme, castle of,
held by Rufus, i. 462;
taken by Robert, i. 465.

La Lude, castle of, ii. 275.

La Roche Guyon, castle of, ii. 180, 181.

Lagman, son of Godred Crouan, ii. 137.

Laigle, town of, i. 73 (_note_).

Lambert, chaplain to Ida of Boulogne, ii. 581.

Lambeth,
grant of, to Rochester, ii. 506;
given in exchange to Canterbury, _ib._

Land, tenure of, Flambard’s theory of, i. 337.

Lanfranc,
his special agency in the accession of William Rufus, i. 10,
12, ii. 459;
his grief at the death of William the Conqueror, i. 15;
crowns William Rufus, _ib._;
binds him to follow his counsel, i. 16, ii. 460;
attends the Christmas assembly at Westminster, i. 18;
Odo’s hatred towards, i. 24, 53 (_note_);
his loyalty to William, i. 63;
his part in the meeting at Salisbury, i. 95, 119;
his view of vestments, i. 95;
his position as regards that of Bishop William, i. 97;
his answer to Bishop Geoffrey, i. 100;
to Bishop William, i. 105, 110;
interposes on his behalf, i. 113;
his death, i. 140;
its effect on William Rufus, i. 141, 142, 148 (_note_);
his position in England and Normandy, i. 141;
buried at Christ Church, i. 142;
his relations with William the Conqueror, i. 328;
compared with Anselm, i. 368, 456;
advises Anselm to become a monk of Bec, i. 371.

Lanfranc, nephew of Archbishop Lanfranc, ii. 575.

Laodikeia, Eadgar and Robert at, i. 564.

Lateran,
Council of (1099), i. 607, 621;
destruction of the apse, i. 607 (_note_).

Leckhampsted, lands at, taken from Abingdon Abbey, ii. 665.

Legitimacy, growth of the doctrine of, i. 280.

Le Hardy,
M. Gaston, quoted, i. 145 (_note_);
his apology for Duke Robert, i. 175 (_note_).

Leicester,
college at, founded by Robert of Meulan, ii. 420;
foundation of the abbey, _ib._;
churches at, ii. 420 (_note_).

Leicester, earldom of, its origin, ii. 418.

Le Mans,
temporal relations of the bishopric, i. 207;
under an interdict, ii. 199;
claims of the Norman dukes over the bishopric, ii. 200, 212;
Howel’s buildings at, ii. 205;
Pope Urban’s visit to, _ib._;
welcomes Duke Robert’s host, i. 209;
new municipality of, ii. 226;
garrisoned by Fulk, ii. 232, 628;
besieged by Rufus, ii. 233-235;
siege of, raised, ii. 235;
submits to Rufus, ii. 238, 628;
fortresses of, ii. 239, 631;
entry of Rufus into the town, ii. 240;
description of the church, _ib._;
recovered by Helias, ii. 278;
the castles still held for Rufus, ii. 279;
compared with the deliverance of York, _ib._;
burning of, ii. 280;
modern destruction at, ii. 281 (_note_);
William’s march against, ii. 287;
flight of the citizens, ii. 288;
William’s treatment of, ii. 295, 296;
orders the destruction of the towers of Saint Julian’s, ii. 297,
654;
description of the towers, ii. 299, 655;
return of Helias to, ii. 370;
action of the garrison, ii. 370-373;
palace of the counts at, ii. 632, 656;
dates of the building, ii. 632-639, 656;
burning of, ii. 638.

Leofwine, Dean of Durham, ii. 605.

Lewes,
held by William of Warren, i. 59;
customs of, i. 59 (_note_);
William of Warren’s death and burial at, i. 62 (_note_), 76.

Lewis VI. of France (the Fat), ii. 170;
Bertrada’s schemes against him, ii. 174;
grant of the Vexin to, ii. 175;
refuses to cede the Vexin to William Rufus, ii. 176;
his difficulties in the war with William, ii. 178;
betrothed to a daughter of Guy the Red Knight, ii. 519;
his letter to Anselm, ii. 580.

Lewis IX. of France (Saint Lewis),
his ordinance against blasphemy, i. 167;
his walls at Rouen, i. 252.

Ligulf, father of Morkere, ii. 605.

Limoges, massacre of, i. 173 (_note_).

Lincoln,
its connexion with Norway, ii. 134;
Jews at, i. 160 (_note_);
prevalence of the slave-trade at, i. 310;
completion of the minster, _ib._;
Thomas of York claims jurisdiction over, i. 311, 433;
consecration delayed by the death of Remigius, i. 312;
see kept vacant by Rufus, i. 356, 381;
jurisdiction over again claimed by Thomas of York, i. 433;
compromise concerning, i. 447.

Lindesey, jurisdiction of, claimed by Thomas of York, i. 311.

Lindisfarn, Isle of, ii. 50 (_note_).

Llancarfan, church of, granted to Gloucester abbey, ii. 84.

Llandaff, see of, ii. 86, 89.

Llanrhidian Castle, ii. 103.

Llantrissant, ii. 88.

Llantwit, church of, granted to Tewkesbury, ii. 84.

Llywelyn, son of Cadwgan, his death, ii. 301.

Loir, Castle of the. _See_ Château-du-Loir.

London,
Jews settle in, i. 160;
great wind and fire in, i. 308;
buildings of William Rufus in, ii. 258, 261;
growth of its greatness, ii. 261;
dogs of, mentioned by Hugh of Flavigny, ii. 589.

London Bridge, ii. 259, 260, 261.

London, Tower of. _See_ Tower of London.

Longueville, castle of, surrendered to Rufus, i. 231.

Lonlay Abbey, foundation charter of, ii. 539.

Lords, House of,
foreshadowed by the inner Council of the Witan, i. 603;
gradual developement of, ii. 58.

_Losinga_, origin of the name, ii. 570.

Lothian, question as to the homage of Malcolm for, i. 303, ii. 541
et seq.

_Luca, per vultum de_,
favourite oath of William Rufus, i. 108, 112, 164, 289, 391, 511
(_note_), ii. 61 (_note_), 503, 650;
meaning of the phrase, ii. 503.

Lucan, whether quoted by Rufus, ii. 642, 647.

Lugubalia. _See_ Carlisle.

Lund, archbishopric of, ii. 582.

Lurçon, castle of, ii. 216.

M.

Mabel, wife of Earl Roger, poisons Arnold of Escalfoi and seizes on
Saint Cenery, i. 215.

Mabel, daughter of Robert Fitz-hamon, marries Robert of Gloucester,
ii. 83.

Maelgwyn, i. 124.

Magnus Barefoot, king of Norway,
his expedition into Britain, ii. 133 et seq., 617-624;
character of his reign, ii. 133;
his surnames, _ib._;
professes friendship for England, _ib._;
his sons, _ib._;
his treasure at Lincoln, ii. 134, 624;
his designs on Ireland, ii. 136, 141, 620;
his alleged Irish marriage, ii. 136, 622;
his voyage among the islands, ii. 136, 140-142;
legend of him and Saint Olaf, ii. 139;
seizes the Earls of Orkney, ii. 140;
grants the earldom to Sigurd, _ib._;
his dealings with Galloway, ii. 141;
occupies Man, _ib._;
approaches Anglesey, ii. 143, 619, 621;
kills Hugh of Shrewsbury, ii. 144, 620, 621;
makes peace with Hugh of Chester, ii. 145;
his designs on Anglesey, _ib._;
his dealings with King Murtagh, ii. 146, 622;
and with Scotland, ii. 147;
Arnulf of Montgomery negotiates with, ii. 426;
his second voyage round Britain, ii. 442;
his castle-building in Man, _ib._;
refuses help to Robert of Bellême, ii. 443, 623, 624;
his death, ii. 451;
described as “rex Germaniæ,” ii. 619, 620.

Magnus, Saint, murdered by Hakon, ii. 582.

Maine,
history of, under the Conqueror, i. 203;
dissatisfaction in, under Robert, i. 204;
alleged derivation of its name, i. 205;
submits to Robert, i. 209;
stipulation about, in the treaty of Caen, i. 277, ii. 524;
men of, send for Hugh son of Azo as their ruler, ii. 195;
revolts against Robert, ii. 197;
peace of, under Helias, ii. 204;
cession of, demanded by William Rufus, ii. 208;
his designs on, ii. 213;
attacked by Robert of Bellême, _ib._;
geographical character of the war, ii. 214;
beginning of the war of William Rufus in, ii. 167, 215;
castles of Robert of Bellême in, ii. 216;
teaching of its landscapes, ii. 219;
castles of, ii. 219-221;
contrasted with England, ii. 220;
general submission of, to William Rufus, ii. 241;
extent of his conquests in, ii. 245;
southern part harried by Rufus, ii. 288;
no bribery in, ii. 290;
later fortune of, ii. 374.

Malchus, Bishop of Waterford, consecrated by Anselm, i. 544.

Malcolm III., King of Scots,
invades Northumberland, i. 295;
driven back, i. 296;
his relations with Robert, i. 297;
meets William Rufus at _Scots’ Water_, i. 301;
negotiates with him through Robert, i. 302;
two versions of the negotiations, i. 302-304, ii. 540-545;
his alleged homage to Robert, i. 302, ii. 542;
question as to his earlier betrothal to Margaret, i. 303,
ii. 542;
as to the homage for Lothian, i. 303, ii. 541 et seq.;
does homage to Rufus, i. 304, ii. 541;
his correspondence with Wulfstan, i. 479;
his complaints against Rufus, ii. 8;
summoned to Gloucester, ii. 9, 590;
lays one of the foundation-stones of Durham Abbey, ii. 11;
much of his dominions in Durham diocese, ii. 12;
Rufus refuses to see him at Gloucester, i. 410, ii. 13, 590;
dispute between them, ii. 13;
returns to Scotland, ii. 14;
invades England, ii. 15, 592;
English feeling towards, ii. 16, 595;
slain at Alnwick, i. 410, ii. 5, 16, 592;
alleged treachery towards him, ii. 16, 592 et seq.;
his burial at Tynemouth, ii. 17;
translated to Dunfermline, ii. 18;
local estimate of his death, ii. 19;
his devotion to Margaret, ii. 20;
acts as her interpreter, ii. 23;
his visit to Romsey, ii. 31, 600;
what languages he spoke, ii. 591.

Malling, Gundulf’s tower at, i. 70.

Malpeter, Mormaor of Mærne, ii. 36.

_Malvoisin_, towers so called, use of, ii. 51, 435, 520, 608.

Mamers, castle of, ii. 216, 217.

Man,
the centre of Godred Crouan’s dominion, ii. 136;
civil war in, ii. 138;
occupied by Magnus, ii. 141, 619;
his designs with regard to, ii. 142, 620;
his castle-building in, ii. 442.

Manorbeer Castle, birthplace of Giraldus, ii. 95.

Mantes,
granted to Lewis by Philip, ii. 175;
claimed by William Rufus, ii. 176.

Margam Abbey, ii. 89.

Margaret, daughter of Eadward,
question as to her earlier betrothal to Malcolm, i. 303, ii. 542;
her correspondence with Wulfstan, i. 479;
her character, ii. 20;
her influence on Malcolm, ii. 20, 23;
her education of their children, ii. 21;
her reforms, ii. 22;
increases the pomp of the Scottish court, ii. 23;
Scottish feeling towards, ii. 25, 28, 597;
hears of her husband’s death, ii. 26, 592, 594;
versions of her death, ii. 26-28;
her burial at Dunfermline, ii. 28, 597.

Margaret of Mortagne, wife of Henry of Warwick, ii. 348.

Marriage, lord’s right of,
growth of, under Rufus, i. 336;
peculiar to England and Normandy, i. 340;
restrained by the charter of Henry I, ii. 353.

Mary, daughter of Malcolm,
brought up in Romsey Abbey, ii. 31, 598;
marries Eustace of Boulogne, ii. 31.

Matilda of Flanders, Queen,
lands of, claimed by Henry, i. 195, 197;
they are granted to Robert Fitz-hamon, i. 198.

Matilda, or Eadgyth, Queen, wife of Henry I,
her sojourn at Romsey, ii. 31, 599;
her relations with Henry, _ib._;
tale of her and William Rufus, ii. 32, 600;
sought in marriage by Alan of Richmond, ii. 602;
sought in marriage by Henry, ii. 31, 382;
her beauty and learning, ii. 382;
policy of the marriage, ii. 383;
wishes to appoint Eadwulf abbot of Malmesbury, ii. 383 (_note_);
objections to the marriage, ii. 384, 683;
appeals to Anselm, _ib._;
declared free to marry, ii. 385;
other versions of the story, ii. 385-387, 683 et seq.;
later fables about her marriage, ii. 387, 684, 685;
her marriage and coronation, ii. 387, 388;
takes the name of Matilda, ii. 305, 388;
her nickname of _Godgifu_, ii. 389;
her children, _ib._;
her character, ii. 390;
known as “good Queen Mold,” ii. 391;
Robert’s generosity to her, ii. 406;
baptized by the name of Eadgyth, ii. 598;
god-daughter of Duke Robert, ii. 602.

Matilda, Empress, daughter of Henry I and Matilda, ii. 389.

Matilda, wife of Stephen, and granddaughter of Malcolm, ii. 31.

Matilda, Abbess of Caen, Anselm’s letter to, ii. 579.

Matilda, Countess of Perche, natural daughter of Henry the First,
ii. 379.

Matilda, wife of Helias of La Flèche, ii. 196.

Matilda of Laigle,
marries Robert of Mowbray, i. 243 (_note_), ii. 38;
holds out at Bamburgh, ii. 54, 609;
yields to save her husband’s eyes, ii. 54;
her second marriage and divorce, ii. 55, 612.

Matilda, wife of William of Bellême, signs the foundation-charter
of Lonlay Abbey, ii. 539.

Matilda, daughter of Waltheof, marries David of Scotland, ii. 124.

Matilda of Wallingford, her foundation at Oakburn, i. 376 (_note_).

Matthew, Count of Beaumont, helps to defend Courcy, ii. 519.

Matthew Paris, his version of the accession of William Rufus,
ii. 461.

Maule, fortress of, ii. 251, 253.

Maurice, Bishop of London,
his dispute with Anselm, i. 440;
crowns Henry I, ii. 350, 681;
his signature to Henry’s charter, ii. 358;
false story of his approaching death brought to Flambard, ii. 560.

Mayet Castle, ii. 196;
strengthened by Helias, ii. 275;
siege of, ii. 289-294, 652;
raising of the siege, ii. 294, 653;
description of, ii. 652.

Mediolanum. _See_ Evreux.

Mercenaries,
employment of under William Rufus, i. 134, 153, 226, ii. 496;
their presence tends to promote the fusion of English and
Normans, i. 134;
their wrong-doings, i. 154, ii. 498;
statute of Henry I against, _ib._

Meredydd, son of Bleddyn,
becomes the man of Robert of Bellême, ii. 424;
his action on his behalf, ii. 442.

Merewine of Chester-le-Street, signs the Durham charter, ii. 536.

Meulan, importance of its position, ii. 183.

Mevania. _See_ Anglesey.

Milford Haven, ii. 95.

Mona. _See_ Anglesey.

Monacledin, Duncan slain at, ii. 36 (_note_).

_Monarches_, use of the title, ii. 484.

Montacute (near Saint Cenery), castle of, besieged by Duke Robert
and destroyed, i. 469 (_note_).

Montacute Priory, ii. 120.

Mont Barbé, castle of, at Le Mans, i. 239, 361.

Montbizot, ii. 232.

Mont-de-la-Nue, castle of, ii. 216.

Montfort l’Amaury,
fortress of, ii. 251, 253;
church of, ii. 254;
defended by the younger Simon, _ib._

Montgomery (in Wales),
castle of, ii. 77;
taken by the Welsh, ii. 104.

Morel,
slays Malcolm, ii. 16, 593;
plunders Norwegian ships, ii. 40;
holds out at Bamburgh, ii. 54, 610;
turns king’s-evidence, ii. 55;
his end, ii. 69;
his signature to the Durham charter, ii. 536.

Moreldene, ii. 17.

Morgan, son of Jestin, ii. 81 (_note_).

Morganwg,
distinguished from Glamorgan, ii. 85;
conquest of, _see_ Glamorgan.

Morkere, son of Ælfgar,
re-imprisoned by William, i. 13, 14;
his signature to a charter of William of Saint-Calais, i. 14
(_note_).

Moses of Canterbury, ii. 573.

Motte de Gauthier-le-Clincamp, castle of, ii. 216.

Mowbray Castle, granted to Nigel of Albini, ii. 612.

Murtagh, Muirchertach, or Murchard,
calls himself king of Ireland, i. 544;
Anselm’s letters to, i. 545 (_note_), ii. 581;
his answer to the threat of William Rufus, ii. 94;
drives Godred Crouan out of Dublin, ii. 137;
sends Donald to the Sudereys, _ib._;
his dealings with Magnus of Norway, ii. 146, 622, 624;
marries his daughter to Sigurd, ii. 136, 146, 443, 622;
Arnulf of Montgomery’s dealings with, ii. 425, 426, 442.

Mutilation, feeling with regard to, i. 548 (_note_), ii. 64.

N.

Neath, borough and abbey of, ii. 88, 89.

Neauphlé-le-Château, ii. 251;
defended by the elder Simon of Montfort, ii. 253.

Nest, wife of Bernard of Newmarch,
her descent, ii. 90;
her faithlessness to her husband, ii. 91;
her grant to Battle Abbey, ii. 91 (_note_).

Nest,
wife of Gerald of Windsor, ii. 97, 110 (_note_);
her relations with Henry I, ii. 97, 110 (_note_), 379.

Nest, daughter of Jestin, marries Einion, ii. 80.

Neufchâtel-en-Bray, i. 236 (_note_).

Neuilly, Robert of Bellême imprisoned at, i. 199.

Newcastle-upon-Tyne,
defended by Robert of Mowbray, ii. 46;
taken by William Rufus, ii. 47, 607.

New Forest,
its supposed connexion with the Saxon colony at Carlisle, i. 316,
ii. 550;
death of Richard son of Duke Robert there, ii. 316;
various versions of the death of William Rufus in, ii. 325 et seq.

Nicolas, Bishop of Llandaff, his charter, ii. 84 (_note_).

Nidaros. _See_ Trondhjem.

Nigel of Albini,
his marriages, ii. 55, 612;
Mowbray Castle granted to, ii. 612.

_Nithing_ Proclamation of William, i. 78.

Nivard of Septeuil, ii. 252.

Nomenclature of Wales compared with that of England, ii. 75.

Nomenclature, personal, illustrations of, ii. 489, 551, 577.

Norham Castle, founded by Flambard, ii. 272.

Norman Conquest,
at once completed and undone under Rufus and under Henry I,
i. 3, 7, 130, ii. 456;
England reconciled to it by Henry I, ii. 456;
compared with that of Wales, ii. 72.

Norman nobles,
revolt against William Rufus, i. 22 et seq., ii. 465 et seq.;
refuse to attend the Easter Gemôt, i. 32;
amnesty granted to, by Rufus, i. 88;
accepted as Englishmen, i. 132;
some loyal to Rufus, i. 62;
second revolt of, ii. 37.

Normandy,
chief seat of warfare in the reign of Rufus, i. 178;
contrasted with England, _ib._;
temptations for the invasion of Rufus, i. 188;
under Robert, i. 189, 190;
spread of vice in, i. 192;
building of castles in, _ib._;
its rivalry with France, i. 201;
Rufus’s invasion of, agreed to by the Witan, i. 222-224;
its relations with England and France, i. 240;
private wars in, i. 241-244;
Orderic’s picture of, i. 271;
Rufus crosses over to, i. 273;
compared with England, i. 468;
her share in the first crusade, i. 547;
pledged to Rufus by Robert, i. 555;
Rufus takes possession of, i. 566;
his rule in, i. 567, 569, 570;
renewed anarchy in, on his death, ii. 366.

Normannus. _See_ Northman.

Normans and English,
fusion of, i. 130, 134, ii. 401, 455;
use of the words, ii. 649.

Northallerton, church of, granted to the monks of Durham, i. 535.

Northampton,
architectural arrangements of the castle, i. 601;
constitution of the Council of 1164, i. 602.

Northman, monk of Christ Church, i. 140 (_note_).

Northumberland, invaded by Malcolm, i. 296.

Norwich, see of Thetford moved to, i. 449; ii. 569.

O.

Oakburn, a cell of Bec, i. 376 (_note_).

Odo, Bishop of Bayeux,
restored to his earldom, i. 19, ii. 467;
his discontent and intrigues, i. 23, 24, ii. 465;
his hatred towards Lanfranc, i. 24, 53 (_note_);
his harangue against William Rufus, i. 26, ii. 466;
his ravages in Kent, i. 52;
occupies Rochester Castle, i. 55;
invites Robert over, i. 56;
hated by the English, i. 67, 86;
moves to Pevensey, i. 70;
besieged therein by Rufus, i. 72-76;
surrenders on favourable terms, i. 76;
his treachery at Rochester, i. 77;
besieged therein, i. 79;
agrees to surrender, i. 80;
Rufus refuses his terms, i. 81;
pleadings made for, i. 83;
terms granted to, by Rufus, i. 85;
his humiliation and banishment, i. 85-87;
his influence with Duke Robert, i. 199;
his exhortation to him, i. 200;
marches with him into Maine, i. 208;
his further schemes, i. 211;
goes on the first crusade, i. 560;
his death and tomb at Palermo, i. 563, 571, ii. 307;
said to have married Philip and Bertrada, ii. 172.

Odo, Abbot of Chertsey,
resigns his abbey, i. 350;
restored by Henry, _ib._

Odo of Champagne, lord of Holderness,
part of the lands of the see of Durham granted to, i. 90;
his agreement with the Bishop, i. 93;
intervenes on his behalf, i. 109, 117, 120;
confiscation of his lands, ii. 66.

Odo, Duke of Burgundy, his alleged scheme against Anselm, i. 606.

Ogmore Castle, ii. 86.

Olaf, Saint, legend of him and Magnus, ii. 139.

Olaf, son of Godred Crouan, ii. 137, 623.

Oldbury, ii. 155.

Omens, William Rufus sneers at the English regard for, ii. 330.

Ordeal,
contempt of William Rufus for, i. 157, 165;
Eadmer’s belief in, i. 166 (_note_).

Orderic,
writes Robert of Rhuddlan’s epitaph, i. 128;
his picture of Normandy, i. 271;
dictates his writings, i. 272 (_note_);
his account of the expedition of Magnus, ii. 142;
the only writer who mentions Eadgyth-Matilda’s change of name,
ii. 687.

Ordgar,
his charge against Eadgar Ætheling, ii. 115, 617;
story of his duel with Godwine, ii. 115-117, 617;
estimate of the story, ii. 117, 615;
notices of, in Domesday, ii. 616.

Ordwine, monk, Anselm’s letters to, ii. 579.

Orkneys, invaded by Magnus, ii. 140.

Orm, priest, signs the Durham charter, ii. 536.

Orm’s Head, the, origin of the name, i. 123 (_note_).

Orricus de Stanton, ii. 555.

Osbern, monk of Bec, various bearers of the name, i. 374 (_note_).

Osbern, brother of Flambard, ii. 551.

Osbern of Orgères, companion of Robert of Rhuddlan, i. 126.

Osbern of Richard’s Castle, rebels against William Rufus, i. 33.

Osgod Clapa, his irreverence towards Saint Eadmund, ii. 268.

Osmund, Bishop of Salisbury,
sent with a summons to Bishop William, i. 116;
consecrates his cathedral, i. 309;
helps at the consecration of the church of Battle, i. 444;
absolved by Anselm for his conduct at Rockingham, i. 533;
Anselm confers with him at Winchester, i. 586;
receives William of Alderi’s confession, ii. 68;
not present at his hanging, _ib._;
his death, i. 351, ii. 302;
his signature to the Durham charter, ii. 536.

Oswald, Saint, King of the Northumbrians,
rebuilds the church of Tynemouth, ii. 17, 604;
his relic at Bamburgh, ii. 49, 608.

Oswine, King of Deira,
his martyrdom, ii. 17;
invention of his relics, ii. 18, 603;
his translation, ii. 18, 606.

Outillé Castle,
strengthened by Helias, ii. 275;
burned by him, ii. 288.

Owen, son of Edwin, ii. 424.

Oystermouth Castle, ii. 103.

P.

Padua, siege of, i. 173 (_note_).

Pagan or Theobald,
fortifies Gisors, ii. 186;
taken prisoner by Lewis, ii. 186 (_note_), 190;
Gisors restored to, ii. 396.

Pagan of Montdoubleau,
holds Ballon against Duke Robert, i. 209;
Orderic’s tale of his forsaking Saint Cenery, i. 469 (_note_);
betrays Ballon to William Rufus, ii. 235.

Pagan of Turberville,
holds Coyty, ii. 87;
joins the Welsh, ii. 104.

Palermo, death and tomb of Odo of Bayeux at, i. 563, 571, ii. 307.

Palgrave, Sir F.,
on chivalry, ii. 508;
his condemnation of the crusades, ii. 509;
on the alleged Domesday of Randolf Flambard, ii. 562-564;
his belief in the legend about Purkis, ii. 679.

Pallium,
elder usage as to, i. 482;
not needful for the validity of archiepiscopal acts, i. 483.

Papacy, English feeling as to the schism in, i. 415.

Paschal II., Pope,
speech of William Rufus on his election, i. 623;
Anselm’s letters to, ii. 582.

Paul, Abbot of Saint Alban’s,
Anselm’s friendship with, i. 424;
his death, i. 424, ii. 18.

Paul, Earl of Orkney,
taken prisoner by Magnus, ii. 140;
his death in Norway, ii. 140, 581.

Paula, mother of Helias of La Flèche, ii. 196.

Peckham manor,
mortgaged by Anselm to the monks of Christ Church, i. 559;
kept by the monks, i. 596.

Peers, their right of trial, i. 604 (_note_).

Pembroke Castle,
description of, ii. 96;
begun by Arnulf of Montgomery, _ib._;
later castle, _ib._;
defended by Gerald of Windsor, ii. 101, 108;
surrendered to Henry I by Arnulf, ii. 450 (_note_);
grant of, by Henry I, ii. 451.

Pembrokeshire,
Flemish settlement in, ii. 70 (_note_), 74, 88, 615;
building of castles in, ii. 93;
military character of its buildings, ii. 96.

Penmon Priory, ii. 129, 130 (_note_).

Penrice Castle, ii. 103.

Percy, house of, beginning of its connexion with Alnwick, ii. 15, 596.

Perray, castle of, ii. 216.

Peter of Maule, ii. 252.

Peterborough, monks of, buy a _congé d’élire_ of Rufus, i. 352.

Pevensey,
held by Robert of Mortain, i. 53, 62;
Odo moves to, i. 70;
castle of, i. 72;
besieged by William Rufus, i. 73-76;
attempted landing of the Normans at, i. 74, ii. 468, 481;
surrenders, i. 76;
Henry I gathers his fleet at, ii. 404.

Philip I of France,
marches with Robert against Eu, i. 238;
bought off by William Rufus, i. 239;
historical importance of this bribe, _ib._;
mediates between William Rufus and Robert, i. 275, ii. 522;
helps Robert against William, i. 463;
returns to France, i. 464;
bought off by William, i. 466;
his position compared with that of Helias of Maine, ii. 169;
rebuked by Bishop Ivo of Chartres, i. 559 (_note_);
puts away his first wife, ii. 171;
seeks Emma of Sicily in marriage, ii. 171 (_note_);
his adulterous marriage with Bertrada of Montfort, i. 548,
ii. 171, 172;
denounced by Hugh of Lyons, ii. 173;
his excommunication, i. 549, ii. 173;
his pretended divorce, ii. 173 (_note_);
his sons by Bertrada, ii. 174;
grants the Vexin to Lewis, ii. 175;
his letter to Anselm, ii. 580.

Philip, son of Philip and Bertrada, ii. 174.

Philip of Braose, supports William Rufus, i. 472.

Philip, son of Roger of Montgomery,
goes on the first crusade, i. 552;
conspires against William Rufus, ii. 38;
signs the Durham charter, ii. 536.

Piacenza,
Council of, i. 522, 545;
no mention of English affairs at, i. 522.

Pipe Rolls, notices of nomenclature in, ii. 551.

Poix, lordship of Walter Tirel, ii. 673.

Ponthieu, acquired by Robert of Bellême, ii. 423.

Pontlieue, victory of Helias at, ii. 278.

Pontoise,
granted to Lewis by Philip, ii. 175;
claimed by William Rufus, ii. 176;
withstands William Rufus, ii. 185;
castle and town of, ii. 247;
the furthest point in the French campaign of William Rufus,
ii. 248.

Pope,
William of Saint-Calais appeals to, i. 103, 109;
first appeal made to, i. 119;
not to be acknowledged without the king’s consent, i. 414;
Anselm insists on the acknowledgement, i. 416;
question left unsettled, i. 424;
no reference to, in the case of English episcopal appointments,
i. 425;
position of England towards, i. 496.

Porchester,
Duke Robert lands at, ii. 405;
church and castle of, ii. 406 (_note_).

Powys, advance of Earl Roger in, ii. 97.

Prisoners, ransom of, i. 464.

Purkis, the charcoal-burner, legend of, ii. 679.

Q.

Quatford,
Danish fortification at, ii. 152;
castle of, ii. 153;
Earl Roger’s buildings at, ii. 154;
legend of the foundation of the church, ii. 154 (_note_).

R.

Radegund, wife of Robert of Geroy, i. 469 (_note_).

Radnor, ii. 77.

Ralph Luffa,
Bishop of Chichester, i. 353;
at the consecration of the church of Battle, i. 444;
whether a mediator between Henry I and the garrison of Arundel,
ii. 430 (_note_).

Ralph, Bishop of Coutances, at the consecration of the church of
Battle, i. 444.

Ralph, Abbot of Seez, afterwards Archbishop of Canterbury,
driven out by Robert of Bellême, i. 184, 242;
his alleged share in the surrender of Arundel, ii. 430 (_note_).

Ralph of Aix, death of William Rufus attributed to, ii. 325, 334, 663.

Ralph of Fresnay and Beaumont,
truce granted to, by William Rufus, ii. 230;
estimate of his conduct, ii. 231;
submits to William Rufus, ii. 241.

Ralph of Mortemer,
rebels against William Rufus, i. 34;
submits to him, i. 231.

Ralph Paganel, Sheriff of Yorkshire,
his treatment of William of Saint-Calais, i. 31;
founds Holy Trinity Priory, York, _ib._;
his action in regard to Bishop William’s lands, i. 90;
at the meeting at Salisbury, i. 111.

Ralph of Toesny, or Conches,
drives out the ducal forces, i. 193;
joins Robert’s expedition into Maine, i. 209;
his feud with William of Evreux, i. 231, 233, 245;
asks help in vain from Duke Robert, i. 234;
submits to Rufus, _ib._;
his treaties with William of Evreux, i. 267, 270;
wars against Robert of Meulan, i. 270;
supports William Rufus in his second invasion, i. 472;
his death, i. 270;
entertains William Rufus, ii. 246.

Ralph of Toesny, the younger, i. 233, 271.

Ralph of Wacey, his nickname, ii. 193.

Ralph of Wader, goes on the first crusade, i. 552.

Rama, siege of, ii. 117 (_note_), 122.

Randolf Flambard, Bishop of Durham,
feudal developement under, i. 4;
his early history, i. 329, ii. 551;
said to have been Dean of Twinham, i. 330, ii. 553;
his parents, i. 331;
origin of his surname, i. 331, ii. 555;
his financial skill, i. 331;
his probable share in Domesday, i. 331, ii. 552;
his alleged new Domesday, i. 332, ii. 562;
Justiciar, i. 333, ii. 557;
his loss of land for the New Forest, i. 333;
his systematic changes and exactions, i. 333, 339, 346, 348;
his alleged spoliation of the rich, i. 334, 341;
systematizes the feudal tenures, i. 336 et seq.;
his theory of land tenure, i. 337;
extent of his changes, i. 340;
the law-giver of English feudalism, i. 341;
suggests the holding of the revenues of vacant sees, i. 345 et
seq., ii. 564;
his action in keeping the see of Canterbury vacant, i. 363
(_note_);
his suit against Anselm, i. 428;
attacks and imprisons Robert son of Godwine, ii. 121;
King Eadgar’s action towards, _ib._;
his exactions, ii. 256;
joint regent with Bishop Walkelin, ii. 266;
see of Durham granted to, ii. 271;
his consecration, _ib._;
character of the appointment, ii. 272;
his buildings at Durham, ii. 60, 272;
founds Norham Castle, _ib._;
his personal character, ii. 273;
his penitent end, ii. 274;
his dealings with Saint Alban’s Abbey, ii. 359 (_note_);
imprisoned by Henry, ii. 361;
his escape, ii. 397;
adventures of his mother, ii. 398;
stirs Duke Robert up against Henry, _ib._;
said to have brought about desertions to Duke Robert, ii. 404;
receives the revenues of the see of Lisieux under cover of his
son, ii. 416;
his signature to the Durham charter, ii. 536;
entries about, in Domesday, ii. 553;
his official position, ii. 557;
story of the attempt on his life, ii. 560;
his measurement by the rope, ii. 563.

Randolf Meschines, Earl of Chester, grant of the earldom of Carlisle
to, ii. 549.

Randolf Peverel, ii. 485.

Randolf, his encounter with Saint Eadmund, ii. 269.

Ransom, growth of the custom, i. 464.

Rapes, in Sussex, origin of the name, ii. 564.

Raymond, Count of Toulouse, refuses to do homage to Alexios, i. 564
(_note_).

Redemption of land,
as devised by Flambard, i. 337;
as reformed by Henry I, i. 338, 353.

Reginald, Abbot of Abingdon,
said to have helped in distributing the Conqueror’s treasure,
ii. 265 (_note_);
his death, ii. 265 (_note_), 381 (_note_).

Reginald of Saint Evroul, adorns Robert of Rhuddlan’s tomb, i. 128.

Reginald of Warren, comes to Robert’s help at Rouen, i. 249, 253.

Reingar, Bishop of Lucca, his protest in favour of Anselm, i. 622.

Relief,
Flambard’s theory as to, i. 337, 338;
enforced by Henry’s charter, i. 338, ii. 353.

Remigius, Bishop of Lincoln,
denounces the slave trade, i. 310;
completes the minster, _ib._;
his dispute with Thomas of York, i. 311;
wins over William Rufus, _ib._;
his death, i. 312;
alleged miracles at his tomb, i. 312 (_note_);
his signature to the Durham charter, ii. 536.

Rémusat, Charles de, his Life of Anselm, i. 325 (_note_).

Rhuddlan,
attacked by Gruffydd, i. 122;
castle of, ii. 77.

Rhyd-y-gors Castle,
built by William Rufus, ii. 97;
defence of, ii. 101;
gained by the Welsh, ii. 106.

Rhys ap Tewdwr, King of Deheubarth,
driven from and restored to his kingdom, i. 121;
his attack on Rhuddlan Castle, i. 122, ii. 78;
his defeat and death at Brecknock, ii. 91;
effect of his death, ii. 92.

Rhys ap Thomas, Sir, ii. 95 (_note_).

Richard I, compared with William Rufus, i. 290.

Richard II., recasts Westminster Hall, ii. 262.

Richard the Good, Duke of the Normans, i. 169.

Richard, son of Duke Robert, his death, ii. 316.

Richard,
son of Henry I and Ansfrida, ii. 314, 380;
dies in the White Ship, ii. 381.

Richard, Abbot of Saint Alban’s, ii. 166.

Richard, Abbot of Ely,
his appointment, ii. 360;
removed by Anselm, _ib._

Richard of Courcy,
besieged by Duke Robert and Robert of Bellême, i. 274;
supports William Rufus, i. 472.

Richard of Montfort, his death before Conches, i. 266.

Richard of Redvers,
supports Henry, i. 221;
surrenders to William Rufus, i. 283;
joins Henry, i. 320;
one of Henry’s inner council, ii. 362;
his loyalty to Henry, ii. 399;
granted to Henry by Robert, ii. 513.

Richard Siward, ii. 86.

Richard Tisone, ii. 596.

Richer of Laigle, i. 243 (_note_).

Richera (Richesa), sister of Anselm, his letters to, ii. 579.