Chapter VI: Constructing the Argument

I. Attention—Aroused by the Introduction 95

1. Kinds of attention 96

A. Natural attention 96

B. Assumed attention 97

2. Methods of securing proper attention 98

A. Immediate statement of purpose 98

B. Illustrative story 100

C. Quotations 101

II. Interest—Maintained by the Proof 102

1. Necessity 103

2. Methods of maintaining interest 103

A. Appropriate treatment 103

a. Adaptation to speaker or writer 103

b. Adaptation to audience or reader 103

c. Adaptation to time or occasion 106

B. Logical structure 106

C. Style 107

a. Elements of style 108

(1) Vocabulary 108

(2) Sentences 109

(3) Paragraphs 110

b. Qualities of style 110

(1) Clearness 110

(2) Force 117

(3) Elegance 120

III. Desire—Created by the Conclusion 121

1. Necessity 121

2. Interest 122

A. Convenience 122

B. Pleasure 123

C. Profit 123

3. Jealousy, vanity, and hatred 124

4. Ambition 124

5. Generosity 125

6. Love of right and justice 125

7. Love of country, home, and kindred 125