Chapter V: BANGOR, St. Daniel Dec. 1 Bishop of

Bangor
C. Pentir, _a._ St. Cedol Nov. 1 Bishop of
Capel Bangor
R. Llanddiniolen St. Diniolen Nov. 23 Lord Chancellor
C. Llanfair Isgaer St. Mary Sept. 8 Lord Newborough
C. Bettws Garmon St. Garmon July 31 Lord Newborough
V. Llanberis St. Peris June 26 Bishop of
Bangor
R. Llanrug St. Michael Sept. 29 Bishop of
Bangor
V. Llanwnda St. Beuno April 21 Bishop of
Bangor
C. Llanfaglan St. Baglan Bishop of
Bangor
R. Llandwrog St. Twrog June 26 Bishop of
Bangor
V. Llanbeblic St. Peblic July 4 Bishop of
Chester
C. Carnarvon St. Mary Feb. 2 Bishop of
Chester
R. Llanllyfni St. Credyw Nov. 11 Bishop of
Bangor
R. Llanaelhaiarn St. Elhaiarn Nov. 1 Bishop of
Bangor
R. Clynnog St. Beuno April 21 Impropriation
Jes. Col. Ox.
C. Llandegai St. Tygai June 16 Tithes
appropriated to
the Archdeacon
of Bangor
C. Capel Curig St. Curig June 16 Tithes
appropriated to
the Archdeacon
of Bangor
R. Llanllechid St. Llechid Dec. 2 Bishop of
Bangor
R. Aber St. Bodvan Jan. 2 Lord Newborough
R. Llanfair Vechan St. Mary Sept. 8 Bishop of
Bangor
C. Dwygyfylche St. Gwnning Jan. 31 Bishop of
Bangor
V. Conway Lord Viscount
Bulkeley
R. Gyffin St. Benedict March 22 Ap. to Deanery
of Bangor
R. Llangelynin St. Celynin Nov. 2 Bishop of
Bangor
R. Llanbedr St. Peter June 29 Bishop of
Bangor
V. Caerhun St. Mary Sept. 8 Bishop of
Bangor
R. Trefryw St. Mary Sept. 8 Bishop of
Bangor
C. Llanrhychwyn St. Rhychwyn June 10 Appropriated to
the
Archdeaconry of
Bangor
C. Bettws y Coed St. Michael Sept. 29 Appropriated to
the
Archdeaconry of
Bangor
C. Dolwyddelen St. Gwyddeien Aug. 22 Appropriated to
the
Archdeaconry of
Bangor
V. Llandudno St. Tudno June 5 Appropriated to
the
Archdeaconry of
Bangor
V. Penmachno St. Tudclyd May 30 Sir R. W.
Vaughan, Bart.
R. Aberdaron St. Howyn Jan. 6 St. John’s
College,
V. Aberdaron Cambridge
C. Llanvaelrhys St. Maelrhys Jan. 1 Bishop of
Bangor
R. Rhyw St. Elrhyw Sept. 9 Bishop of
Bangor
C. Llandudwen St. Tudwen Oct. 27 Bishop of
Bangor
R. Mellteyrn St. Peter Aug. 1 Bishop of
Bangor
C. Bottwnog St. Beuno April 29 Bishop of
Bangor
R. Llan Engan St. Engan Feb. 9 Bishop of
Bangor
V. Llangwynodl St. Gwynodl Jan. 1 Bishop of
Bangor
C. Tydweiliog St. Gwyfan June 3 Bishop of
Bangor
R. Llanbedrog St. Pedroc June 4 Bishop of
Bangor
C. Llangian St. Peris Dec. 11 Bishop of
Bangor
C. Llanfihangel St. Michael Sept. 29 Bishop of
Bangor
R. Bodean St. Buan Aug. 9 Bishop of
Bangor
V. Nevin St. Mary Aug. 15 Bishop of
Bangor
R. Edern St. Edern Dec. 2 Bishop of
Bangor
C. Pistill St. Beuno April 21 Bishop of
Bangor
C. Carnguwch St. Beuno April 21 Bishop of
Bangor
R. Llannor St. Beuno Sept. 14 Appropriated to
the
Archdeaconry of
Bangor
C. Pwllhely St. Beuno April 21 Appropriated to
the
Archdeaconry of
Bangor
V. Abererch St. Courda Dec. 5 Bishop of
Bangor
C. Penrhos St. Cynfil Bishop of
Bangor
R. Llanjestin St. Jestin Oct. 10 Bishop of
Bangor
C. Penllech St. Mary Aug. 5 Bishop of
Bangor
C. Bodveryn St. Meryn Jan. 6 Bishop of
Bangor
C. Llandegwnning St. Gwnning Dec. 31 Bishop of
Bangor
C. Ceidio St. Ceidiaw Nov. 2 W. Bodvil, Esq.
R. Penmorfa St. Beano April 21 Bishop of
Bangor
R. Crickieth St. Catherine Nov. 25 Bishop of
Bangor
R. Llangybi St. Cybi Nov. 5 Appropriated to
the
Archdeaconry of
Merionethsh.
C. Llanarmon St. Garmon July 1 Appropriated to
the
Archdeaconry of
Merionethsh.

* * * * *

About the year 525, Daniel ap Dunawd, Abbot of Bangor Is Coed, in Flintshire, built a College in Caernarvonshire, for the instruction of youth and support of the Clergy of this part of North Wales; and probably designed it as a Cell, or member of the other Bangor, and continued so till Prince Maelgwn, or Maelgwyn Gwynedd, a wicked Prince in his youth, but reformed in his advanced age, among other works of Piety, created this College into a Bishoprick, and Archbishop Dubricius, or Dyfrig, consecrated the said Daniel Bishop thereof, about the year 550; and about four years after, he died, December 10, and was buried at Bardsey, or Enlli. There is but a very slender account of Daniel’s successors till after the Conquest; from which time there seems to be a regular succession of Prelates in this See, though by reason of the wars, they had not all of them a quiet enjoyment. The Revenues of this Bishoprick were valued 25th Henry VIII. at £151 3_s._ 8_d._; the clear value £134 16_s._ 4_d._ The next account is, that according to Bede, there was a Bishop here, St. Awstin the Monk, who is called Ellodu, Anno Dom. 601. However, Elbodius was certainly Bishop of North Wales, and died, as some say, A.D. 806, others 811. There is no account who succeeded him. Gildas Cambrensis dedicated his Book to a Bishop of Venetia; he flourished A.D. 860. Mordaf is mentioned by Wynne to have gone to Rome about the year 940; about the confirmation of Howel Dda’s Laws.

Hervey, surnamed Cruste, was consecrated Bishop of Bangor, between the years 1089 and 1093, by Thomas, Archbishop of York; and so continued for 15 or 16 years; but using too great severity, he was very ill liked by the Welsh, who at last murdered his Brother, and threatened to do the same with him, whereupon he retired into England, to Henry I. for protection, who assigned him the Abbey of Ely, which he got converted into a Bishoprick, and quitted Bangor A.D. 1109, and died at Ely 1131, where he was buried.

Urban, bishop of Landaff, governed this see, and took the care thereof upon him, probably till 1119, when he began to be fully occupied in looking after his charge in Landaff, and rebuilding his church.

David, a Scot, was consecrated April 4, 1120, in which year he consented to the translation of the reliques of St. Dubricius to Landaff, out of his own Diocese, at the request of Bishop Urban; he is mentioned 1127, and his successor was

Meuruc, or Maurice, consecrated A.D. 1139: he was presented to the Archdeaconry by Bishop David, and at first refused taking the oath to the King of England, though afterwards he was with some difficulty persuaded to it; he died A.D. 1161, and was succeeded by

William Priors, of St. Austin’s, Bristol, A.D. 1162, a very religious and pious man; who was succeeded by

Guy Rufus, Monk of Walham, in the County of Essex, who was consecrated at Ambrosebury, in July 1177; in the year 1188, he accompanied Baldwyn, Archbishop of Canterbury, in his progress through Wales, and died about two years after, 1190: he was succeeded by

Giraldus Cambrensis, who was elected to the See in 1190, but he refused to accept of it then; so it continued vacant till the election of

Alban, or Albanus, Prior of St. John’s, Jerusalem, consecrated April 16, 1195: he died the year following, and was succeeded by

Robert, of Shrewsbury, who was consecrated the 18th of March. He died in 1213, and was buried by his own appointment in the Market-place at Shrewsbury; after his death the See became vacant for two years, when

Martin, Abbot of Albaland, was consecrated June 16, 1215; he sat but a little time, for in the same year we find

Cadwgan, who, as Brown Willis says, is the same with Martin, the one being the name he was known by in England, and the other his original Welsh name; Godwin, says he was Abbot of Llandefid, and being released from his Episcopal charge A.D. 1236, he retired to the Abbey of Dover, in the County of Hereford, and became a Monk, giving the Convent all his goods: he died in 1241, on the 11th of April, and was buried there.

Howel’s Cong’ d‘Elire, is dated June 7, 1236: he dedicated a Monastry built by Llywelyn Prince of Wales, at Llanfaes, in Anglesey; over the grave of Joan his wife, daughter of John, King of England, whose pleasure it was to be buried there.

Richard succeeded, and was consecrated A.D. 1240, or rather 1238 or 1237; because in his Letter to the Pope to resign his Bishoprick, which was about 1268, he pleads his having been Bishop 30 years and upwards.

Anian, Archdeacon of Anglesey, succeeded Richard, and had the Temporalities restored Dec. 12, 1268. He is reported to have held a synod 1291, at St. Mary’s, de Garth Brannan, the ancient Parish Church of Bangor: he also christened Edward II. in Caernarvon Castle, April 25, 1284.

Cadwgan succeeded Asian in 1306; he enjoyed it but a short time, for we meet with the consecration of

Griffith ap Iorwerth, on March 26, 1307, on whose death, which happened 1309

Anian Sais, was elected Bishop Sep. 18, 1309, and consecrated Nov. 9th following; he died Jan. 20, 1327.

Matthew de Englefield, Son of Iorwerth ap Ririd, Archdeacon of Anglesey, aged 40, succeeded, being elected Feb. 25, 1327, confirmed April 25, and consecrated June 12, 1328: he granted Bangor a Charter to keep a Fair on St. Luke’s Day: he died April 25, 1357.

Thomas de Ringstead, S. S. T. P. of Oxford, a Dominican, succeeded, being nominated by the Pope, consecrated Aug. 27, received the Spiritualities Nov. 1357; he died at the Grey Friers in Shrewsbury, and was buried at Huntingdon, he is said to have given £100 for the repairs of this Cathedral.

Gervase de Castro, (probably the same with Gervase Fitz David, who occurs Archdeacon A.D. 1351) Canon of Bangor, a Dominican, succeeded Dec. 11, 1366; received the Spiritualities Feb. 17th following, and died Sep. 1370.

Howel ap Grono, Dean of this Church, seems to have succeeded April 16, 1371; he received the Spiritualities July 31, 1371, and going to settle matters to Rome, he died there, as Brown Willis says, in _Curia Romana_.

John Gilbert, a Friar preacher, succeeded March 17, 1371, received the Spiritualities July 16, 1372; and the 16th of November following made his profession of obedience to the See of Canterbury Sep. 12, 1375; he was translated to Hereford, and afterward to St. David’s; he died in London, July 28, 1397.

John Swafham, S. Th. P. of Cambridge, a Carmelite of Lynn, in the County of Norfolk, Bishop of Cloyne in Ireland, A.D. 1363, was translated to this See July 2, 1376. There was a Charter granted him in 1387, about appropriating Llan Ynys, and Llan Fair, to the repair of the Church, and support of four Chaplains, to officiate in the Choir: he continued Bishop till 1394, and so no doubt till the election of

Richard Young, L.L.D. Oct. 21, 1399, or May 20, 1400, who had the Temporalities restored in 1404. He was translated to Rochester, where he died.

Benedict Nicholas, called also Nicholas Bennett, Rector of Stapleland, in the County of Wilts, and of Conyngton, in the County of Huntington, which he resigned A.D. 1417, he received the Temporalities July 22, at the request of Arundel, Archbishop of Canterbury, and the Spiritualities, Aug. 10th following: he was afterwards removed to St. David’s, Dec. 15, 1417, whereby room was made for

William Barrow, L.L.D. Chancellor of Oxford 1414 and 1415; Canon of Lincoln, nominated by the Pope, Feb. 16, 1418; made his profession of obedience April 16, 1418; and received the temporalities June the 5th following; about June 1423, he was translated to Carlisle, and succeeded by

John Clederow, who received the temporalities Jan. 15, 1424, and March 30th he made profession of obedience. His Will bears date March 30, 1434; he died Dec. 12, 1435, and was buried at Crayford.

Thomas Cheryton, of the order of Friars Preachers, obtained Licence of consecration Nov. 26, 1436, and died about Dec. 1448, when he was succeeded by

John Stanbery, the most learned Carmelite of his time, nominated by the Pope March 4, 1448; he had before been appointed to Norwich, but the Duke of Suffolk obtained it for his chaplain, he was of the University of Oxford, and greatly in favour with Henry VI. and was appointed by him Provost of his College of Eaton; and also translated to Hereford 1452; he left in his will dated Feb. 25, 1472, a legacy of £30, to repair the Church of Bangor, that was burnt in the troubles of Owen Glyndwr: he died at Hereford, and was succeeded by

James Blackdon, Bishop of Achad or Achonry in Ireland, and also suffragan to Bishop Beckington, Wells, which he resigned on his translation to Bangor, the Temporalities whereof were restored to him March 26, 1452. The Bull of his translation is dated Feb. 7, 1452; he was also Master of St. Catherine’s Hospital: he died Oct. 24, 1464, and was succeeded by

Richard Evynden, S. T. P. Dean of Stoke Clare, in Suffolk, of the order of Friars Minors; who obtained licence of consecration March 18, 1464. In 1468 he represented to the Pope that this Bishoprick was not worth £100 per annum, and so obtained leave to hold other preferments in commendam, by the Pope’s Diploma, granting that whoever had this See should hold some other commendam; as the headship of some Abbey, &c. He died 1496, and was succeeded by

Henry Dean, or Dennys, an Oxford man, Prior of Lanthony, near Gloucester, who had the Temporalities restored as appears by the patent, Oct. 6. 1496. He was a very eminent man, and a great benefactor to the church; he was Chancellor of Ireland and Lord chief Justice 1495, in which office he acted with so much diligence, that the pretended Duke of York was expelled by his means out of the kingdom. He began to re-build this Church and Palace, which had lain in ruins for near one hundred years; but before he had completed the choir, he was in March 22, 1500 translated to Salisbury.

Thomas Pigott, born in Denbighshire, Abbot of Chertsey, and L.L.B. of the University of Oxford, succeeded him; some of his leases to Bangor, are dated at Chertsey, where in all probability he died Aug. 15. 1504.

John Perry, L.L.D. Abbot of Leicester and Prior of Bradley, succeeded Aug. 30, 1505. He held his Abbacy, _in commendam_ until he became translated to Carlisle, he was buried at St. Margaret’s in Leicester.

Thomas Pace, alias Skevington or Sheffington, who was born at Skevington in Leicestershire, succeeded March 7, 1508. He was brought up at Merisale, Warwick, where he first became a professed Monk, and went from thence for further instruction to Bernard, (now St. John’s) College, Oxford; he afterwards became Abbot of Waverley and Beauley, in the County of Northampton; which last he held _in commendam_ with this See, till his death, and resided mostly there and at London; yet notwithstanding this, he became a very generous benefactor, by rebuilding the Episcopal Palace, on the porch of which is this inscription still remaining over the door; “Thomas Skevington, Epis. Bangor fecit.” and also the Cathedral Church, as we have noticed in another place, he died about the year 1533, and was succeeded by

John Salcot, alias Capon, S. T. P. of the University of Cambridge, Abbot of Holm, in the County of Norfolk, and afterwards of Hyde, in the County of Southampton; a very forward person in soliciting King Henry VIII’s divorce; by virtue of which he became elected Bishop of this See, Jan. 30, and was consecrated April 19, 1534. He was afterwards translated to Salisbury, where he died.

Joh Bird, S. T. P. of Oxford, provincial of the order of Carmelites’ Convent at Coventry, and Bishop of Penruth, was elected July 24, 1539, had the royal assent Sep. 1, confirmed Sep. 18, and had the temporalities restored Sep. 19th following. In 1535 he waited on Bishop Bonner, at Fulham, and brought him a dish of apples and a bottle of wine, and was presented by Bonner to Dunmow living, for a maintenance. In Aug. 1541, be was made the first Bishop of Chester, on the new erection of that See, by King Henry VIII. and was succeeded as Bishop of Bangor by

Arthur Bulkeley, L.L.D. educated at New Inn Hall, Oxford, who was confirmed Dec. 20. 1541, and consecrated Feb. 1541–2; his first preferment was the Rectory of Llan Ddeusant, in the county of Anglesey, to which he was instituted Aug. 18, 1525, and soon after was made canon of St. Asaph; on Aug. 8, 1537, he was made prebend of Clynnog Fechan; and July 15, 1538, admitted Rector of St. James’s, Garlick-hithe, in London, at the presentation of the convent of Westminster, which he quitted Nov. 8, 1544. He died March 14, 1552, and was buried in his own cathedral, in the place where Bishop Skevington’s heart was deposited; after his death the See continued vacant till the consecration of

William Glynn, born at a place called Glynn, in the commot of Malltraeth, and parish of Hen Eglwys, Anglesey; he was master of Queen Ann’s college Cambridge. In 1549 he was presented to St. Martins Le Grand, in London, and made Rector of Hen Eglwys Feb. 3, 1551, and consecrated Bishop of Bangor Sep. 8, 1555. He died May 21, 1558, and was buried in the Choir of his own cathedral, in the 54th year of his age.

Maurice Clennock, L.L.B. a native of Caernarvonshire, Prebendary of York, was nominated to succeed, by Queen Mary, but he died before his consecration was completed. The Bishoprick was next conferred on

Rowland Meyrick, L.L.D. chancellor of St. David’s, and sometime of Wells, and Principal of New Inn Hall, Oxford, born at Bodorgan, in the Parish of Llancadwaladr, Anglesey, who was elected Bishop Dec. 1, 1559. He was at first Rector of Stoke, by Neyland, in the county of Norfolk, and was Precentor of Llan Ddewi Brefi, in the year 1549. He died Sep. 25, 1565, and was buried in his own cathedral, on the south side of the communion table, under the east wall, with an inscription now lost.

Nicholas Robinson, S. Th. P. born at Conway in the county of Carnarvon; Fellow of Queen’s college Cambridge, and chaplain to Archbishop Parker, on March 3, 1556, he was made Dean of Bangor, and in 1562 Archdeacon of Merioneth and Rector of Northop; confirmed Bishop Oct. 6, 1566, with leave to hold the Rectory of Whitney, in the county of Oxford, _in commendam_. He died Feb. 3, 1584–5, and was buried in his own cathedral, with an inscription on a slate which is effaced, with the exception of these words, “Hic Jacet Nicholas Robinson,” and his successor was

Hugh Bellot. S. T. P. fellow of St. John’s college Cambridge, Vicar of Gresford, and as supposed of Wrexham; elected Bishop Dec. 3, 1585, confirmed Jan. 25th; he was translated to Chester 1595, where he died, after he had sat a few months, and was buried at Wrexham, aged 54 years.

Richard Vaughan, born at Nyffryn, in Lleyn, Carnarvonshire, educated at St. John’s college Cambridge; Archdeacon of Middlesex and Canon of Wells; elected Bishop Nov. 22, had the Temporalities restored March 5, 1595–6: on the 23rd of April 1597, he was translated to Chester, and thence to London, where he died, and lies buried.

Henry Rowlands, S. T. P. of New college Oxford, born at Plas Myllteyrn, in the Parish of Meyllteyrne, Carnarvonshire, of which he became Rector in 1572, afterwards of Naunton in Oxfordshire in 1581, he was made Rector of Aberdaron in Lleyn, 1584 Prebendary of Penmynydd, Anglesey, and Dean of Bangor in 1593. His Conge d‘Elire is dated Aug. 22. During his time, he became a most munificent benefactor to his cathedral, by purchasing four (or according to Goodwin five) bells, and also by new roofing the cathedral; he also founded two fellowships at Jesus college, Oxford; an hospital for six poor men at Bangor, and a Tree school at Bottwnog, being a chapel belonging to Myllteyrn. He died July 6, 1616, and was buried in his own cathedral.

Lewis Bayly, S. T. P. born in Caernarvonshire, chaplain to Prince Henry, and Rector of St. Matthew, Friday Street, London; elected Bishop Aug. 28, 1616. He was a married man, and left behind him four sons, some say he was the author of the “Practice of Piety.” He died Oct. 3, 1631, and was buried in his own cathedral, in Bishop Meyrick’s grave, he was succeeded by

David Dolben, S. T. P. born at Segrwd near Denbigh Prebend of Vaenol in the church of St. Asaph, which he held _in commendam_ with his Bishoprick, to which he was elected Nov. 8, 1631. He was a great benefactor to this See, and was descended from an ancient family in Denbighshire. He died unmarried, Nov. 27, 1633, at the palace belonging to his See, in St. Andrews, Holborn, London, and was buried in the church of Hackney, aged 52.

Edmund Griffith, S. T. P. born at Cefn Amwlch, Caernarvonshire, in 1570, succeeded David Dolben, having been elected Dec. 31, 1633: he was canon July 5, 1600: he was preferred to the Rectory of Llanbedrog in the county of Caernarvon, Dec. 10, 1604; and Dean of Bangor Sep. 9, 1613. He died May 26, 1637, and was buried in his own cathedral.

William Roberts, Sub-Dean of Wells, and Archdeacon of Anglesey, was consecrated in Sep. 1637, and had the Temporalities restored during the great rebellion; he suffered much on account of his loyalty, however he had the happiness to live to be restored in 1660. He gave by Will £100 towards adorning and beautifying Bangor choir; and £100 to Queen’s college Cambridge, for maintaining an exhibition for a poor Scholar of the diocese of Bangor, with several other bequests.

Robert Price, S. T. P. Bishop of Fern, in Ireland; son of Colonel Price, of Rhiwlas, in the county of Merioneth, was nominated to succeed; but dying in Ireland, before his election was completed, he made room for

Robert Morgan, born at Bronfraith, in the county of Montgomery; chaplain to Bishop Dolben; he suffered much in the rebellion, prior to his nomination, which took place June 8, 1666. He died Sep. 1673, aged 95, and was succeeded by

Humphrey Lloyd, S. T. P. born at Trawsfynydd, in the county of Merioneth; he was confirmed Nov. 8, and consecrated Nov. 16, 1673. In 1685 he procured the Archdeaconries of Bangor and Anglesey, and the sinecure of Llanrhaiadr, to be annexed to the Bishoprick of Bangor for ever, by Act of Parliament; and two-thirds of both the comportions of Llandinam, to be settled for the support of the fabrick of the cathedral, and the other third for the maintenance of the Vicars of Llandinam. He also new-cast the four bells given by Bishop Rowlands, and added a fifth bell, bigger than any of the former, all at his own charge: and dying Jan. 18, 1688, was buried in Bishop Rowland’s grave, aged 78, and was succeeded by

Humphrey Humphreys, Dean of Bangor, consecrated Bishop of this See June 30, 1689. In 1701 he was translated to Hereford, where he died, and was buried in that cathedral. He was succeeded by

John Evans, S. Th. P. born at Plas du, in the Parish of Llanarmon, Carnarvonshire: consecrated Jan. 4, 1701. In the year 1715, he was translated to Meath in Ireland, and was succeeded at Bangor by

Benjamin Hoadley, D.D. (first English Bishop since the reformation) was confirmed March 27, 1715, and consecrated the next day. In the year 1721, he was translated to Hereford; in 1723, to Salisbury; and in 1734, to Winchester, and was succeeded at Bangor by

Richard Reynolds, L.L.D. consecrated Dec. 3, 1721, and in 1723 translated to Lincoln, where he died 1744, and was succeeded in this See by

William Baker, S. Th. P. consecrated Aug. 1, 1723, and in 1727 he was translated to Norwich, where he died, and was succeeded by

Thomas Sherlock, S. Th. P. consecrated Feb. 4, 1727, a very learned man and an eminent preacher; he was translated to Salisbury, and in 1748 to London.

Charles Cecil, L.L.D. Bishop of Bristol, was appointed to succeed him Sep. 24, 1734; he began to repair the Bishop’s Palace at Bangor, but dying in May 1737 of the Gout in his Stomach; he was succeeded by

Thomas Herring, S. Th. P. Dean of Rochester; elected Aug. 1737. In 1749 he was translated to York; and in 1749, on the decease of Archbishop Potter, to Canterbury, where he died in 1757, and was succeeded at Bangor, as well as in all his preferments, by

Matthew Hutton, S. Th. P. who was consecrated 1743. He succeeded Archbishop Herring in the See of York, and upon his decease to that of Canterbury, where he died the year following.

Zachary Pearce, S. Th. P. Dean of Rochester, afterwards of Winchester, succeeded in 1747, which he resigned in 1756, upon his translation to Rochester, where he died in 1778, and was succeeded at Bangor by

John Egerton, L.L.D. Dean of Hereford, of which See his father was Bishop, who was brother to Scroop Egerton, first Duke of Bridgewater; in 1769 he was translated to Litchfield and Coventry, and from thence to Durham, when he was succeeded by

John Ewer, S. Th. P. Bishop of Landaff, Chaplain to the Duke of Rutland, and Canon of Windsor; he dying in 1775, was succeeded he

John Moore, S. Th. P. Dean of Canterbury, and Chaplain to the Duke of Marlborough. He afterwards became Archbishop of Canterbury; when

Jean Warren, in 1784, was consecrated to the See; who was succeeded by

William Cleaver Bishop of Chester, who removed to St. Asaph, in 1806.

Dr. Randolph, Bishop of Oxford, succeeded, and them

Dr. Majendie, now Bishop.

_DEANS OF BANGOR_,

Iago ap Beli, circiter, A.D. 603.
Arthur de Bardesey, circiter, 1162.
Adams, occurs as Dean in 1278, being a witness
to a composition between the Bishop of Bangor,
and Lord Grey, of Dyffryn Clwyd
Kynddelw, circiter, 1286
Williams, occurs in the taxation of Pope
Nicholas, 1291
Anian Sais, afterwards Bishop of Bangor
Adam, circiter, 1327
Elias fil. Kenrick, occurs as witness to an
Inspeximus Charter in 1353
1359 Howel ap Gronow, afterwards Bishop of Bangor
John, occurs in the Lambeth Register, in 1371
David Daron, an adherent to Owen Glyndwr;
outlawed in 1406. He was son of Evan ap
Davydd ap Gr. a descendant of Caradog ap
Iestin, a Prince of Wales. His name
frequently occurs in a Dockett Roll at the
Prothonatory’s Office, Caernarvon.
William Pollard, an Englishman, was appointed
to succeed D. Daron, but never obtained
possession
May 5, 1410 Henry Honore, p. c. W. P. He exchanged with
his predecessor for the Vicarage of New
Church, Kent
June 9, 1413 Roger Wadhele, Cler. p. m. H. H.
Sep. 21, 1416 John Vantort, p. c. R. W. He exchanged with
his Predecessor, for the Rectory of St. Mary,
_ad muras Colchester_
Nigelles Bondeby, circiter, 1436
John Martyn, circiter, 1445
Hugh Alcock, circiter 1460. His house at
Bangor, now called “Plas Alcock”
Hugh Morgan, circiter, 1468, son of Davydd ap
Rees, of Presaddfed
Nicholas Rewys, circiter, 1474
1480 Richard Kyffin, L.L.B. Rector of Llanddwyn.
He was instrumental in promoting Henry VII. to
the throne of England. His grave stone is
still to be seen at Bangor
1504 Richard Cowland, S. T. P.
John Glynn, L.L.B. of Hen eglwys, circiter
1508. His will is presented among the
archieves at the Palace in Bangor
Dec. 12, 1534 Robert Evans, L.L.B. p. m. J. G. he was
deprived of all his preferments in 1554, for
being married
1554 Rhese Powel, p. dep. R. E. conjugat
Oct. 27, 1557 Robert Evans, B.D. re-instituted
Sep. 26, 1570 Roland Thomas, L.L.D. p. m. R. E. a native of
Anglesey, Fellow of Magdalen College
Cambridge. His will is preserved at the
Deanery of Bangor, in which he bequeathes some
lands for charitable purposes
June 22, 1588 Bishop Bellot, in commendam
Aug. 29, 1593 Henry Rowlands, B.D. p. c. Epi. afterwards
Bishop of Bangor
April 11, 1599 Richard Parry, D.D. p. c. H. R. afterwards
Bishop of St. Asaph
May 8, 1605 John Williams, D.D. p. c. R. P. Principal of
Jesus College, Oxford, &c.
Sep. 9, 1613 Edmund Griffith, B.D. p. m. J. W. afterwards
Bishop of Bangor
March 28, 1634 Griffith Williams, D.D. p. c. E. G. a native
of Llanrug. He was made Bishop of Ossory, and
had the Rectory of Llanllechid. He was a
great sufferer during the Usurpation
May 3, 1673 William Lloyd, D.D. p. m. G. W. afterwards
Bishop of St. Asaph
Dee. 16, 1680 Humphrey Humphreys, D.D. p. c. W. L.
afterwards Bishop of Bangor
Sep. 4, 1689 John Jones, D. D. p. c. H. H. of Plas gwyn, in
the Parish of Pentraeth. He held the
Rectories of Llanllechid, Aber, &c.
1727 Peter Maurice, A M. p m. J. J. of Maes mawr,
new Corwen
April 26, 1750 Hugh Hughes, A M. p m. P M. of Weeg, near Aber
Sep. 19, 1753 Thomas Lloyd, A M. p m. B H. of Bryn Adda,
near Dolgelley
Nov. 11, 1793 John Warren, A M. p m. T L

VICARS OF BANGOR,

_Vicaria_, _collationis Episcopi_, _cum Rectoria Ecclesæ Parochialis Sii. Kedoll_, _alias Pentir_, _unit_: _et annexa_. _Festa Dec._ 1, & _Nov._ 1.

1660 John Draycot, A. B. p. m. ullt. Vic. He was a
son of Thomas Draycot, principal Registrar of
the Diocese, and held the Rectory of
Llanddeiniolen; the following inscription is
upon his grave, within the Cathedral, “Joh:
Draicot, Vic. Bangor, et Rect: Llanddeiniolen.
Vir probus et pius, obiit Ap. 17, 1667.”
1688 John Buttred
June 17, 1691 Hugh Johnson, Cler. late Rector of Hen Eglwys.
Upon his grave-stone occurs the following
inscription: “Hugh Johnson, one of the Vicars
of this Cath: Church, who dyed the 4th Feb.
1694, aged 39”
Oct. 5, 1694 Pierce Lewis, A. M. late Rector of
Llanfacbreth. He held also the Rectory of
Llanfairfechan.
May 15, 1699 Robert Humphreys, A.M. p.m. P.L. He lies
buried at Bangor, with the following Epitaph,
“Roberti Humphreys, A. M. hujus Ecclesiæ
Vicarie Choralis, necnon Parochi de
Llanfairvechan Rectoris: Qui obitt 5 Cal. Sep.
A.D. 1711, Ætat. 49”
Sep. 17, 1708 Henry Williams, A. M. Rector of Llanrug;
afterwards of Llanfaethle
July 28, 1712 Thomas Vincent, A. B. p. m. R. H. he resigned
this for Llan fachreth
June 2, 1713 Bulkeley Hughes, A. M. p. c. T. V. also Rector
of Edern
July 27, 1713 William Evans, A. M. p. c. H. W also Rector of
Llangefni, &c.
April 12, 1740 Thomas Lloyd, Cler. p. m. B. H. afterwards
Dean of Bangor
Nov. 12, 1744 Hugh Hughes, A. B. p. m. W. E. late Rector of
Trefrhyw
March 12, 1749 John Ellis, L.L.B. p. m. H. H. Archdeacon of
Merion.
Dec. 7, 1753 William Lloyd, A. B. p. c. T. L. Precentor of
Bangor
Sept. 2, 1760 James Vincent, A. M. p. c. W. L. late master
of Bangor School, &c.
Sept. 21, 1773 Richard Griffith, A. M. p. c. J. V. master of
Bangor School, &c.
Dec. 5, 1785 John Kyffin, A. M. p. m. J. E. Rector of
Trefdraeth
1790 Peter Williams, D. D. p. m. R. G. Rector of
Llanbedrog, &c.
1802 John Jones, A. M. p. c. P. W. Archdeacon of
Mer. &c.
1810 John Kyffin, p. c. J. K.
1810 James H. Cotton, L.L.B. p. c. J. K.
July 29, 1819 John Hamer, A. B. p. c. J. J.

KING CHARLES LETTERS TO THE _GENTLEMEN OF CAERNARVONSHIRE_, [Copied from the original MSS.]

CHARLES REX,

Right truly and well-beloved, and trusty and well-beloved—we greete you well. Whereas a Rebellion being raysed against us, and forces marching toward us, we are necessitated for the defence of our person and crowne, and the religion and laws established, to call upon all our good subjects to assist us; and whereas we are fully persuaded of the affection and loyalty of that our countie, and of their readiness to assist us, their King and Liedge Lord, in this our and their necessary defence, according to their duty and alleagiance. These are to will and require you for that, and with all possible speed, to bring to Shrewsbury to our loyal Standard there to attend our further directions, the trayned bands of that countie, as well horses and foote, with such other volunteers, as your interest in them and their owne affection shall persuade to come with them. And if the necessary occasions of any of our trayned bands shall withold them, that either themselves or servants or other volunteers be admitted to serve in their places, with their arms compleat, which trayned bands and volunteers with these from other of our counties in our dominion of Wales we intend to serve in our regiments for a guard for our dearest Son the Prince, and receive them into our pay on their arrival at Shrewsbury, whither we desire that our countie in this our greate exigent to furnish them sufficient ammunition for their journey, and money to bear their charges, which we shall look upon as a great expression of affection and fidelity, and shall at all tymes remember to their advantage, and we require all our Justices of the Peace in that our countie to give their assistance unto us herein and all our loving subjects of the same to be obedient to your directions, in pursuance of these our commands, and for soe doing this shall be to you and every of them a sufficient warrant. Given at our Court at Darby this 15th day of September, 1642.

_To the Sheriff and Commissioners of Array_, _in the countie of
Carnarvon_

* * * * *

CHARLES REX.

Right trusty and well-beloved, we greete you well,—We have understood from the Gentlemen you sent to us, your loyal and unanimous resolutions for the advancement of our service, and for your sending to our standard two hundred armed soldiers, and moneys for their conduct and maintenance, for which soe considerable assistance as we return you hereby our royall thanks, soe we must desire you to speede the sending hither of those soldiers unto our standard, all that may be. And least any disaffected to us and our service should presume to oppose you in this work, we authorise and command you to use your utmost power and endeavour to apprehend and bring in safe custodie to us any one or more that shall appear in opposition or disturbance of you herein. As alsoe for your more effectual proceeding in this service, and for the security of our good subjects in that our countie from intestine tumults and danger, to make use of the magazin now remaining there, and of such further power of the countie as to you shall seem meete upon all occasions, for which these our letters shall be your sufficient warrant. Given at our Court at Shrowsbury, the 28th day of September, in the eighteenth year of our raigne, 1642.

_To the Commissioners of Array_, _of the countie of Carnarvon_

* * * * *

CHARLES REX.

Trusty and well-beloved, having great assurance of your constant and well affections unto us in this time of iminent danger, when our owne and our whole kingdom safety is concerned, and being informed and satisfied how much you have expressed your devotions to our service, We shall at all times bee ready to remember your cheerefulness thereof, and not doubting of your continuance to doe all things that may conduce to the furtherance of our safety, we do hereby give you direction, that for such moneys as you have or shall raise voluntarily within your countie for our assistance this time, over and above what is for the conducting of our owne trayned bands, you do paye the same unto John Owen, of Cleneney, in our countie of Carnarvon, Esq. one of our Colonells, who is thereby to be enabled to rayse a regiment to bring his several companies to our standard. And for so doing this shall be to you and every of you a sufficient warrant.—Given at our Court at Chester, the five and twentieth day of September, 1642.

_To the Commissioners of Array_, _in the countie of Carnarvon_

* * * * *

CHARLES REX.

Trusty and well beloved, we greete you well. Whereas we have by our commission under our great seal, authorized and intrusted our trustie and well-beloved Colonell John Owen to raise in these parts, command, and unto our royal standard to conduct one regiment of foote, for our special service, our will and pleasure is, that you issue unto the said Colonell all such moneys as by you have been for our use received out of the free subscription or contribution of our good subjects of that our countie, which money we have assigned him upon the account of the said regiment, and for your soe doing this, together with his acquittance acknowledging the receit thereof shall be your sufficient warrant and discharge. Given under our sign manuel at our Court at Shrewsbury this 28th day of September, 1642.

_To our trustie and well-beloved Sir Wm. Williams_, _Bart. and Humphrey
Jones_, _Esq. of the countie of Carnarvon_

* * * * *

CHARLES REX.

Trustie and well-beloved, we greete you well. Whereas Rebellion is raysed against us and forces are marching towards us, which hath already wrought a general distraction throughout this our Realme, to the great disturbance and grievance of all our good and well-affected subjects of whose wealth we are as tender as of our owne; we are necessitated for the defence of own person and of this kingdom and the religion and lawe established, to use all expedient means for our assistance at this time. And whereas we have received good testimony of the good affections and forward zeale of our loving subjects in the Principality of Wales, particularly in our countie of Carnarvon, and of their readiness to serve us for the preservation of the kingdom in this extremity, which we looke upon as an expression of their great fidelity, and shall remember it to their satisfaction, we shall not doubt of your willingness to give obedience to our present directions thus sent to each of you for what is in your power to perform for the furtherance of the publique safety. We in confidence thereof doe hereby will and require you, and every of you, that such publique moneys as have been raysed or ought to have been payed for the safetie and defence of the kingdome within our sayd countie of Carnarvon, and do remayne in one or any of your hands, that you pay the same unto the hands of John Owen of Cleneney, in our sayd countie, Esq. one of the Colonells who is to bring a regiment of volunteers, That thereby he may be enabled to raise his companies, and to bring them unto our standard. And this our warrant shall be his discharge unto you and every of you for soe doing. And we further require that you do immediately upon receit hereof, return severally answers in writing unto us, when you and every of you shall be moved thereto, by the said Colonell Owen or any on his behalf. Given at Wrexham, the 27th of September, 1642.

_To our trustie and wel beloved Sir W. Williams_, _Bart. Wm. Glynn_,
_Owen Wynn_, _T. Madryn_, — _Hookes_, _Arthur Williams_, — _Griffith_,
_Esq. and Commissioners of the Peace for the countie of Carnarvon_, _&c._

* * * * *

CHARLES REX.

Trustie and well-beloved, we greete you well. Whereas we have lately signified our pleasure unto you that the following contribution money of our countie of Carnarvon should be payed to Collonell John Owen towards the charge of that Regiment, which he was appointed by us to rayse. And we likewise directed our letters to severall persons who had collected the publique moneys of the same countie, which were collected for the defence of the kingdome, that they should pave them towards the same charge as beinge for the common defence of the whole kingdome. Notwithstanding we understande noe parte of these moneys is payd as we directed. And that Regiment which by our special appointment is to march immediately is in danger to disband for want of present supplie which as it is much contrarie to our expectation, who have always hitherto found the forwardness and good affections of the countie toward our service, soe may tend much to our deservice especially at this time, when we have occasion to make tryall of the Loyalty and forwardness of all our subjects, and the payment of those moneyes to the said Colonell beinge more acceptable and of more service unto us, than if they had been payd unto our owne hands, who must otherwise have sent them towards the supplyinge of that Regiment. We doe desire to have cause still to continue our gracious opinion of our gracious opinion of our subjects of that countie. And we are confident if we have not satisfaction herein, it is through the coldness or disaffection of some particular persons who prefer private ends before the publique. And therefore our will is, that you use all possible diligence that we may have satisfaction herein by speedy advance of the contribution moneyes, and calling upon those who keepe the publique moneyes in their hands, that they forthwith pay them to Colonell Owen, or otherwise that you certifie unto us with all speed, by whose meanes our service is so much disturbed, that we may knowe and recompence such persons according to their desert. And for that it much concerns our service that the forces raysed in that countie should all march in one body, our will is, that those 500 armed men, which are by that countie to be sett forth for our service, be joyned with the sayde Regiment and speedily march with them towards us according to such directions as we have given to the sayd Collonell Owen. Given at our Court at Woodstock the 29th day of October, in the eighteenth year of our Reigne.

_To the Commissioners of Array_, _&c._

* * * * *

CHARLES REX.

Trusty and well-beloved we greet you well. Whereas we have constituted and appointed our deerest sonne the Prince to be our Lieutenant Generall in our counties of Worcester, Salop, Chester and North Wales, and have appointed our right trusty and well-beloved Arthur Lord Capell cheefe Commander of the same under him, and whereas we have resolved to rayse in our said counties a Regiment of fifteen hundred foote to be the liefe guard of our said deerest Sonne. These are to will and require you to make the same known to our good subjects of that countie, and to take speedy and effectual order for the leavying and arming of the said Regiment, according to our Commission in that behalf granted to our trustie and welbeloved Serjeant Major Woodhouse whom we have appointed to levy and command them. Soe not doubting of your ready assistance herein, we bid you heartily farewell. Given at our Court att Oxford, the 18th day of March, 1642.

_To the Commissioners of Array_, _and Sheriff of Carnarvon_

* * * * *

CHARLES REX.

Trustye and well-beloved, we greet you well.—Whereas we are informed, that you have diverse peeces of Artillery, which may be of use and avayle to our citty of Worcester and towne of Shrowsbury, if they shall be removed thither respectively, and there mounted for the defence of those places. And being further assured of your good affections to our person, and the advancement of our service, we pray you (all private communications being layd aside) to lend unto us your sayd severall peeces of Artillery, with all their Appurtenances, to be conveyed foorthwith unto, and employed in our sayd cittye and towne, at the proper costs and charges of them respectively, as alsoe, att their like charges, for the returne of the sayd peeces of Artillery and their appurtenances home againe, att the end of the service, unless in the interim it shall be agreed betweene you and the sayd townes, to buy and sell the sayd peeces, for such price and consideration as they can respectively accord for them, or any of them. Of this service we desire you not to fayle, being of much consequence to our affayres, and in performance whereof, you shall do us a good pleasure, for which these our letters shall be your warrant. Given under our signett, at our Court at Oxford, the 31st December, 1642.

_To John Griffith_, _Esq. &c._

* * * * *

CHARLES REX.

Trusty and welbeloved, we greete you well.—Whereas we have entrusted and authorised our right trusty and welbeloved Arthur Lord Capell to be our Lieutenant General of that and other of our counties, and to provide for the security and preservation thereof by the best ways and means he can devise. And whereas it hath been thought requisite and necessary for the purpose aforesaid to levy a competent number of foote and Dragoons in our said countie. Our will and pleasure is that in order to our said service you shall receive and assist any warrants of Commissioners as are or shall be issued from the said Lord Capell, with the same care and respect as if they were our owne, since what he hath done or shall doe herein is done by our command, direction, commission and authority, and for soe doing this shall be your warrant. Given at our Court att Oxford, the 15th day of June, 1643.

_To the Commissioners of Array_, _&c._

* * * * *

CHARLES REX.

Trusty and welbeloved, we greete you well.—Whereas we are informed that Sir Thos. Middleton, Knt. is made Lieutenant General of North Wales by Commission from one or both of our Houses of Parliament, and whereas Edward Vaughan, Gent. hath withdrawn himself from our allegiance, contrary to our express command, for the prevention of all danger and mischief that may proceed from either of them to our countie or any part of North Wales, our will and pleasure is, and we do hereby require you and every of you to use your utmost power and industrie to apprehend or seize the persons of the said Sir Thos. Middleton and Edward Vaughan, and having seized them to keep them in safe custody, until you shall receive our further order on that behalf. And for so doing this shall be your sufficient warrant. Given at our Court at Oxford, the 16th of June, 1643.

_To the Commissioners of Array_, _&c._

* * * * *

CHARLES REX.

Trusty and well beloved, we greet you well. We are very sensible of your free and reall expressions of your loyalty and affection to us upon all occasions, for the advance of our service:—And though we might well conceive it needlesse to stir you up to the performance of these duties, whereunto you are already very forward, yet we thought good hereby to put you in mind of the great necessity of providing moneys for the maintenance of our forces, for the defence of those parts against the rebells, and to propose unto you, as that which we think a very fit course, that you follow the good example of our good subjects of our countie of Salop, and join with our trusty and well-beloved Arthur, Lord Capell, in advising upon, and raysing some competent monthly contribution in that our county, proportionable to what they have levyed, and also in advancing such considerable sums of money as you can provide, according as divers of our well-affected subjects of the gentry of Salop have already done. We also think it very requisite, and have signified so much to the Lord Capell, that the High Sheriff of that our countie, should attend him about this affair, and that some person well affected, may be chosen out of our said countie to be always resident with him, that may receive advertisement of your proceedings in this business, and may signifie from time to time to that our countie, the condition of our affairs there, soe not donating of your ready compliance herein, wee bid you heartily farewell. Given at our Court at Oxford, the 23rd June, 1643.

_To the Commissioners of Array_, _of the County of Carnarvon_, _&c._

* * * * *

CHARLES REX.

Trustie and well beloved, we greete you well. It cannot but be displeasing to us that any of our subjects, especially such as you, who should be good examples to others, should neglect our service, and the authorities of such to whom we have given power to call you hereunto, such hath been your wilful declining, as we hear, of the Lord Capell’s summons to you by his Letters, to appear and join with the rest of the countyes under his command, that we do assure you, if we hear not shortly of your better complyance with him, we shall have much cause to suspect your disaffection, for the urgency of our affairs now admits not of procrastinations, nor our reall service of coldness. Given at our Court at Oxford, the last day of July, 1643.

_To the Sheriff and Commissioners of Array_, _of the countie of
Carnarvon_

A CATALOGUE OF Some of the Rarer Plants WHICH GROW _IN CAERNARVONSHIRE_, WITH THE HABITATS OF THE MOST RARE.

_BY MR. J. ROBERTS_, _SURGEON_, _CAERNARVON_.

Veronica Spicata, _a_ {xxi}

Salvia verbenaca

Iris fætidissima

Schænus albus

Lycopus europæus

Poa alpina

Festuca rubra

— vivipara

Rotbollia incurvata

Galium cruciatum, _a_

— boreale, _b_

Centunculus minimus

Rubia peregrina

Alchemilla alpina, _c_

Pulmonaria maritima

Hottonia palustris

Convolvulus soldanella

Campanula hederacea

Lobelia dortmanna

Samolus valerandi

Euonymus europæus

Viola lutea, _d_

Beta maritima

Salsola kali

Crithmum maritimum

Œnanthe pimpinelloides

Scandix odorata

Sambucus ebulus

Parnassia palustris, _e_

Drosera longifolia

Viburnum opulus

Scilla verna

Anthericum serotinum, _f_

Juncus acutus

— triglumis, _g_

Rumex digynus

Triglochin maritimum

Alisma natans, _h_

Vaccinium vitis idæa

Saxifraga stellaris

— nivalis, _i_

— oppositifolia, _i_

— cœspitosa, _i_

— palmata, _i_

— hypnoides, _i_

— platypetala, _i_

Silene nutans, _k_

— acaulis

Arenaria verna

— peploides

Sedum rupestre, _c_

Cerastium alpinum, _c_

— latifolium, _l_

Euphorbia portlandica

Spiræa filipendula

Pyrus aria, _m_

Rubus saxatalis, _n_

— chamæmorus

Potentilla verna, _a_

Geum rivale

Papaver cambricum

Nymphæa lutea

—alba

Cistus marifolius, _a_

Thalictrum minus

— alpinum, _c_

Trollius europæus

Ajuga alpina

Galeopsis grandiflora, _o_

Galeobdolon luteum, _p_

Scutellaria minor

Antirrhinum orontium

Scrophularia vernalis, _a_

Lamium album

Crambe maritima

Subularia aquatica, _q_

Draba incana

Arabia hispida, _l_

— thaliana

Cheiranthus sinuatus

Erodium cicutarium

— maritimum

Geranium sanguineum

Malva moschata

Lavatera arborea

Fumaria claviculata

Genista tinctoria

Anthyllis vulneraria

Orobus sylvaticus

Lathyrus sylvestris, _r_

Vicia sylvatica

Medicago sativa, _s_

Hypericum androsæmum

— dubium

Tragopogon pratensis

Hedypnois taraxaci

Hieracium alpinum

Cichorium intybus

Serratula alpina, _b_

Gnaphalium dioicum, _b_

Orchis pyramidalis, _a_

Orchis conopsea

Satyrium viride

— albidum

Ophrys ovata

— cordata, _u_

Serapias ensifolia, _v_

Malaxis paludosa, _w_

Sparganium natans, _x_

Carex dioica

— atrata

— fulva, _c_

— rigida

— vesicaria

Salix herbacea, _c_

Empetrum nigrum

Juniperus communis

Rhodiola rosea

Myrica gale

Ophioglossum vulgatum

Osmunda regalis

— lunaria

Lycopodium clavatum

— selaginoides

— selago

— annotimum, _g_

— alpinum

Polypodium arvonicum, _y_

Aspiduim lonchitis

— Thelypteris

— oreopteris

— aculeatum

Asplenium marinum

— viride

— Septentrionale

Scolopendruim ceterach

Pteris crispa

Cyathea fragile

— regia

Hymenophyllum tunbridgense

Isoetes lacustris, _q_

_The following are recommended as good Guides_:

Thomas Williams, of Glan y Bala, or the Cottage between the Lakes, Llanberis.

Thomas Phillips, Thomas Griffith, and all the Boatmen at Cwm y glo, Llanrug.

FEET. Height of SNOWDON, according to the Trigonometrical 3561 observations for the General Survey of England and Wales Do. By Mr. Wollaston’s Thermometrical Barometer from 3546,25 Carnarvon Quay Trigonometrically, according to General Roy 3555,4 Barometrically, according to Do. 3548,9 MOEL ÆLIA, do. do. 2350,55 — do. do. 2371 — do. do. 2391,8 Highest point of the RIVALS 1866 CADAIR IDRIS 2914 GARN FADRYN 1233

Footnotes

{12} It is in this manner, (observes Mr. PENNANT, speaking of Tommen y Rhodwydd in Yale) that we must account for the total disappearance of many Welsh Castles, whose names are preserved in History, and whose vestiges we have sought for in vain.—They were made of wood, as was very customary with several ancient nations, and with others of later date. The _Persians_, on the approach of the _Spartans_, secured themselves within their wooden walls, and Cæsar found great resistance from a Tower, in the Alpine Castle of Larignum, made of the timber of the Larix, or the Larch, which was found to be incombustible. In later times, the Castle of Bamborough was built originally by Ida, with wood; the Burg of Murray was fortified by the Danes, with the same material.—The people of the same country, in 1228, had Castles of wood; and a century after these, more recent instances: William de Melton, Archbishop of York, in 1317, fortified the Mount in that City, called the _Old Bale_, with planks, eighteen inches thick.

{17} The Court of King’s Bench has very lately determined, that stage Coach passengers cannot legally be required to pay _any demand whatever_, for being conveyed over the ferry at Conway, and for carriage of their luggage, over and above the amount of their respective fares in such Coach.

{30} Probably at Braich y Bedd, near Hafod Gelyn. There is a Tradition that in former times there was a Church near that place, and a spot is still shewn distinguished by the name of Hên Fonwent, (old Church-yard); and it is not unlikely but the Walsh Princes might nave had their Summer residence here, if we may be allowed to judge from the name; for Garth Celyn must have been near this spot. There is also a Tradition, that the village was set on fire, by Oliver Cromwell’s men, from the Bridge to the Church-yard, and that they lighted a fire under the Bell rope, in the Church, which they made use of as a Stable.

{38} Some idea of the magnitude of this concern may be formed, from the Proprietor having shipped off, from Port Penrhyn, in the year 1819, Slates to the amount of Fifty-eight Thousand Pounds.

{43} The Precentor, though at present unendowed, will in a few years have a Salary annexed to his Office, in consequence of a Decree lately made by the Lord Chancellor in his favour.

{53} This Ferry, probably, took its name from the Hundred or Division of the Island in which it to situated, viz. Tindaethwy.

{55} Near this Ferry, on the Anglesey shore, is a Rock known by the name of _Carreg Iago_, or rather _Carreg yr Iacon_, or _Arch-Iacon_; (the Archdeacon’s stone) rendered memorable on account of Archbishop Baldwin having stood up to preach the crusade upon it, at the time of his peregrinations for that purpose through Wales, 1188; and Alexander, Archdeacon of Bangor, is said to have interpreted to the people.

{56} Ceris, appears to be derived either from _Cawr-rys_ (or _rhys_) the mighty rushing, or _Gyr-rhys_, which conveys nearly the same meaning;—_Ymryson_, to contend, is compounded, of _ym_ and _rhys_; and the English word _race_, or course, is probably derived from this word.

{60} The shore near Porthamel, (_Perth Amelius_, according to Rowlands; _Porth ym moel_, as others conjecture,) is famed for being the place where Suetonius landed; his infantry were conveyed over in boats, probably near a spot still called _Pont yr Ysgraffiau_, and his horse crossed, partly by swimming and partly fording.—Ready to receive them, appeared on the shore, a motley army, (as Tacitus informs us) and women, running wildly about, in black attire, with dishevelled hair, and like furies, brandishing their torches; and the Druids surrounding them, and lifting up their hands to Heaven, and pouring forth the most dreadful imprecations. The Roman soldiers stood astonished with the sight—at length, animated by their leader, and encouraging each other, being ashamed to be intimidated by a womanly, and fanatic band, they advanced with their ensigns, and overthrew all who opposed them, destroying them in their own fires. After the battle, they placed garrisons in the towns, and cut down the groves consecrated to their horrid superstitions; for these people, considered it lawful to offer in sacrifice, the captives taken in war, and, to consult human entrails.—How thankful ought we to be for the benign influence of the Gospel of peace, by which we were delivered from the yoke of superstition, and the abominations of Heathenism!

{61a} The meaning of the word is _Resting-place_, a name given it by Lord Lucan, being descriptive of the purpose for which it was erected; his Lordship usually spending a few days here, on his why to and from Ireland. The house stands on a bold eminence, and commands a full view of the Bridge and Ferry; and the inmates of this sweet retreat, have the pleasure of beholding the busy bustling scene, without being annoyed or discommoded, either by the noise of the passengers or the dust of the highway, as is frequently the case with houses situated near a public road.

{61b} _Y Faenol_, is derived from _Maenol_, or _Maenawr_, (from which probably comes the English word _Manor_, and the vulgar Latin _Manerium_) meaning as explained in Howel Dda’s laws, either a lowland or upland district, bounded or marked out by large stones, (singular _maen_, plural _meini_) the former containing four Vills, and the latter thirteen. The new house erected by the present proprietor, is at some distance from the old one, the latter is very ancient, and has a very curious Gothic Family Chapel nearly adjoining it, dedicated to St. Mary.

{63} Near the same spot, as it is conjectured, where Agricola pasted over into the Island.

{66} This melancholy event took place on the night of the 5th of December, being the Carnarvon Fair day, and the Boatmen probably in liquor: the cries of distress were heard from both shores. One remarkable circumstance deserves to be recorded, that only one person (out of 69) survived in this instance, as well as the other, and both their names Hugh Williams.

{69} _Caer_, the fortified Town; _yn Arvon_, in the District of Arfon, one of the Hundreds of this County, so called from its situation, opposite Mona, or Anglesey, which is the is the signification of the word; viz. _Ar_, upon; _Mona_, Anglesey.

{74} The writer is aware that a very different account is given the origin of this motto, viz. that these were the arms of the King of Bohemia, killed by the Black Prince.

{91} Carnarvon, does not owe its name to Edward I. as is generally supposed; for _Giraldus Cambrensis_ mentions it in his memorable journey with the Archbishop, in 1188; and Llewelyn the Great dates from it a Charter, in the year 1221: probably the Caernarvon of those times was the ancient Segontium; whose name the Welch had changed to Caer-ar-Fon.

{92} A Well near the old Fort, now called _Hen Waliau_, bears the name of that Princess, and some very slight remains of Ruins, point out the probable situation of this old Building, not far from the banks of the Seiont, to the right of the road leading to Pont Saint.

{95} The above William Griffith, of Carnarvon and Tref-Arthen, was descended by the Mother’s side, (as Mr. Rowlands informs us) from the Pilston’s of this Town, and his Grand Daughter, Margaret, conveyed this property to Griffith Jones, of Castellmarch, in Lleyn; and his Daughter Margaret marrying Sir William Williams, of Vaenol, Baronet, that gentleman consequently became possessed of it.

{98a} Specimens of Ancient Welsh Poetry.—London 1784. 4to.

{98b} The Red Dragon, was the device of Cedwalladr, which all his descendants wore on their banners.

{98c} Supposed to be Tal y Foel, as it is now called.

{103} The word _Bala_, with regard to a lake, seems to convey the same meaning as _Aber_, when applied to a river, viz. its _embouchure_.

{108} David Thomas, the Welsh Bard, better known by the name of Dafydd Ddu o Eryri, has taken a house in this Parish, as he intends to quit his present habitation in the Parish of Llandwrog, (where he has resided some time) about April next. We cannot omit this opportunity of noticing this favoured Son of the _Awen_, (Muse) who is generally considered as the first Welsh Bard now living; and is another instance of what may be achieved by great talents, and a strong natural genius, though unassisted by the advantages of education.

{126} A conjecture, partly founded on tradition, attributes the erection of this fortress to Pardarn Beisrydd, son of Idawl; as we are informed to Mr. Pennant.

{128a} Rhodri Mawr, the son of Merfyn Vrych, Prince of Wales, A.D. 843.

{128b} Rhun ap Maelgwn, A.D. 585.

{131} It was reported that the Bard had perished on the Cardiganshire Hills.

{133} Here we have the testimony of Leland, that _Wyddfa_ is _Snowdon_, and _Creigiau Ryri Rocks_ were the _Forest of Snowdon_, which comprehended nearly the whole County.

{149} The Devil’s Bridge is near Hafod, in Cardiganshire, twelve miles from Aberystwith.

{159} Supposed to be derived either from _Gafl_, pl. _Geifl_, Forks; or from _Yr Ufel_, Fire, from the circumstance of their having been made use of as signal posts, and been lighted on them for that purpose.

{179} John Wynn ap Hugh, of the family of Bodvel, was Standard Bearer at the Battle of Norwich, Temp. Edward VI. for which service he had Bardsey, and Court, in Aberdaron, and was Sheriff of Carnarvonshire 1551; he married Elisabeth, daughter of Sir John Puleston, by a daughter of Robert ap Meredith ap Hwikin Llwyd, of Glyn Llifon.

{180} It is probably Pwll Nigel might have taken its name from this Nigel.

{xxi} _a_ Gloddaeth,—_b_ Rocks above Llyn Idwel,—_c_ Snowdon,—_d_ Llanberis,—_e_ Cwm Idwel,—_f_ on inaccessible rocks near Twll du, Snowdon, &c.—_g_ near llyn y Cwn,—_h_ Lake near Dolbadarn Castle,—_i_ near Twll du,—_k_ near Gloddaeth,—_i_ on Clogwyn du’r Arddu,—_m_ Penmaen mawr,—_n_ near Glan y Bala,—_o_ near Bangor,—_p_ between Llanrwst and Conway,—_q_ in the bottom of Llyn y Cwn, and Ffynon Frech,—_r_ near Conway,—_s_ near St. Helen’s well,—_t_ Creuddyn,—_u_ by the Waterfall near Aber,—_v_ rare in Fachwen,—_w_ near Dol Ty Du,—_x_ in Llyn Ogwen, and Llanberis lakes,—_y_ on a black rock near Clogwyn y Garnedd.