Chapter XX (2)

Chukches, the, compared with other Polar races, i. 92, 146;
first meeting with, i. 430;
at Cape Yakan, i. 433;
barter with the, i. 439;
at Irkaipij, i. 449;
visit the _Vega_, i. 486, 513;
at Cape Deschnev, ii. 220;
at Konyam Bay, ii. 221, 245, 246;
on the American side of Behring's Straits, ii. 81, 232;
divided into reindeer and coast Chukches, ii. 81;
number of, ii. 81;
removals, ii. 93;
carry on traffic between America and Siberia, ii. 14, 118;
language, i. 489; ii. 82;
diseases, ii. 87;
position of the women, ii. 138;
their history, _physique_, disposition, and manners, ii. 70

Chukotskojnos, i. 22; ii. 79, 164, 212

Chvoinoff, landmeasurer, i. 418; ii. 204

Chydenius, Carl, i. 142

Clarke, Charles, ii. 211

Clausen, Consul, ii. 443, 444, 446

Clothing, i. 37;
of the _Vega_ men, i. 476

Cloudberries, a powerful antiscorbutic, i. 42, 44

Cochrane, John Dundas, ii. 178

Coffee plantations, ii. 432

Coleoptera in Novaya Zemlya, i. 148;
in North Siberia, i. 321;
at Port Clarence, ii. 242

Collie, Dr., ii. 228_n_

Colmogro, i, 225; ii. 156

Colombo (Ceylon), ii. 427

Colour-blindness, ii. 135

Colours, Chukch, ii. 135

Commander's Islands, ii. 257

Cook, James, i. 13, 25, 28, 442, 445_n_; ii. 210

Cooke, Mr, ii. 408

Copenhagen, the _Vega_ calls at, i. 4;
reception at, ii. 455

Copper Island, ii. 257, 261, 270, 275

Corea, whales with European harpoons caught at, i. 264;
Japanese campaign to, ii. 380

Coregonus caught by the Chukches, i. 494; ii. 18, 19

Corpse found in Chukch Land, i. 505; ii. 89

Corundum, ii. 400, 423

Cosmic dust, i. 329

Coughtrie, J.B., ii. 401

Coxe, J.H., ii. 211

Croyere, L'Isle de la, ii. 196, 198, 200

Crustacea, phosphorescent, ii. 55, 56

Cruys Eiland, i. 234

Crystals found on the ice, i. 327

Currents in the Siberian Polar Sea, i. 18

_Cyqnus Bewickii_, i. 127

_Cystophora cristata_, i. 165

D

Daat Island, i. 409

Dahl, Captain, i. 314

Daibutsu statues, ii. 379

Dale, Fr. de la, i. 237, 243

Dall, W.H. i. 459; ii. 213, 228_n_

_Dallia delicatissima_, ii. 59, 242

Dallmann, Captain, i. 313, 360, 459

Daubree, A., ii. 454

David, Russian ambassador, i. 54

_Dawn_ (vessel), the, i. 317

Day-reckoning on board the _Vega_, i. 453_n_

Delisle, i. 171

De Long, Captain, i. 489

Dementiev, ii. 198

Deschnev Simeon, i. 20, 21, 25; ii. 181, 194;
voyages of, ii. 164

Devil's Temple at Ratnapoora, ii. 427

Diamonds, ii. 416,422

_Diastylis Rathkei_, i. 198, 199

Diatoms, fresh-water, on sea ice, i. 189

Dickson Island, i. 191

Dietary of the expedition, i. 478

Diomede Island, ii. 218

Disco Island, i. 147_n_

Dittmar, C. von, ii. 79, 118

Dixon, Alexander C., ii. 414

Dog-fish, ii. 59

Dogs, Samoyed, i. 83;
tow boats on the Yenisej, i. 385;
Chukch, i. 501; ii. 94;
sacrificed, ii. 255

Dolgans, i. 373

Dolgoi Island, i. 223, 236; ii. 184

Donis, Nic, i. 51; ii. 152

Doria, Marquis, ii. 439

Doerma, hunter, i. 300

_Draba alpina_, i. 340, 341; ii. 224

Dredgings, zoological, i. 174, 198, 324, 345, 350, 420, 426, 432,
451, 455;
ii. 47, 68, 242, 362, 438

Driftwood, at Port Dickson, i. 198;
at Beli Ostrov. i. 201

Drums, Shaman, ii. 24, 129

Dsungaria, i. 374

Dudino, i. 359; ii 192;
thanksgiving service at, i. 369

Du Halde J.B., ii. 180_n_

Durfoorth, Cornelius, i. 60

Dutch, first voyage of the, i. 231;
second voyage, i. 243;
third voyage, i. 245

Dwina, the river, i. 54, 56, 67; ii. 157

Dyaks, ii. 323

Dybovski, Benedikt, ii. 294

E

Earth, changes of the surface of the,
in the arctic regions, i. 438

East Cape, ii. 63,181

Edge, Thomas, i. 62_n_

Edward VI. of England, i. 58

_Edward Bonaventure(_vessel) i. 60, 66, 218;
its fate i. 225_n_

Egypt, stay in, ii. 432

Ehlertz, Russian official, i. 360

Eider, i. 123, 191, 208;
import of down, i. 125_n_

Eisen, G., i. 148

Elfving N.A., i. 460

Elliott, H.W., i. 162; ii. 258, 281_n_, 282

_Elpidia glacialis_, i. 184, 186

_Emberiza lapponica_, i. 129_n_; ii. 62

_Emberiza nivalis_, i. 129_n_, 191, 320, 334; ii. 41

Emeralds, ii. 422

England, stay in, ii. 448;
development of its navigation, i. 58,
north-east voyages from, i. 60, 215

_Enhydris lutris_, ii. 266, 271

Enontekis, the climate of, i. 45

Enoshima, excursion to, ii. 315

Ensamheten (island), i. 175, 335

Envall, A., i. 11

Erik the Red, ii. 146

Eschscholz Bay, ii. 212, 228

Eskimo in North America, i. 90, ii. 78_n_, 145

Eskimo at Port Clarence, banter with, ii. 228, 236;
dress, ii. 232;
implements ii. 229,233;
boats, ii. 228;
carvings, ii. 237, 240, 241;
artistic skill, ii. 134;
graves, ii. 239, 240;
religion, ii. 239_n_

Eskimo in Asia, ii. 221

Eskimo on St. Lawrence Island, ii. 250

_Eumetopias Stelleri_, i. 446_n_; ii. 272, 274, 290

Europaeus, E.D., i. 203

_Eurynorhynchus pygmaeus_, ii. 43

Everloef, Consul-general, ii. 455

Evertebrates living by turns in fresh and salt water, i. 198

Exhibitions, Japanese, ii. 311, 390

Exiles, Siberian, i. 387

_Express_ (ship), i. 9, 74, 174, 189, 200;
voyage of, i. 357

F

Faddeyev Island, ii. 204, 206

Falcons on Yalmal i. 208

Falmouth, arrival at, ii. 448

Feodor, the Cossack, i. 195, 358

Ferry, Jules, i. 453

Figurin, the surgeon, ii. 209

Finmark, the settlement of, i. 51

Fins carry on navigation in the Murman Sea, i. 219, 239

Finsch, Richard, i. 76_n_, 172

Finsch, O., i. 205

Fire-drill, Chukch, ii. 121

Fixed dwellings, i. 193_n_

Flawes, Captain, i. 260

Fletcher, Giles, i. 101

Foehn wind, the, i. 276; ii. 35

Fomin, the Yakut, i. 17

Food-plants, Chukch, ii. 110

Ford, Charles, ii. 401

Foreland Sound, the, i. 137

Fossil plants at Mogi, ii. 392;
at Labaan, ii. 407;
in Egypt, ii. 440

Foal Bay, i. 106, 180

Fox, the Arctic (or mountain), i. 146; ii. 44, 269, 270; common _ib._

Foeyn, Svend, i. 170

Fra Mauro's map, ii. 155

Franklin, Martin, ii. 443

Franz Josef Land, i. 182_n_, 266, 302, 422

_Fraser_ (steamer), i. 9, 74, 174, 187, 189, 318;
voyage, i. 357

Fretum Nassovicum (Yugor Schar), i. 14, 172, 242

Frost-bite, i. 474; ii. 87

Frost-formation, the Siberian, ii. 60

Frozen ground in Finland, ii. 60_n_

Fruholm, the climate of, i. 45_n_

_Fuligula glacialis_, i. 126, 208;
found during the expedition, i. 334; ii. 46

---- _Stelleri_, ii. 46

Fusiyama, ii. 299, 370

_Fusus deformis_, ii. 243

G

_Gadus navaga_, i. 481

Gagarin, Prince, ii. 175

Gama, Vasco da, ii. 153

Gardiner, Charles, i. 301

Geertz, Dr., ii. 326, 364

Gefferson, William, i. 60

Gessner, Conrad, ii. 235_n_

Gillissy (Yenisej), i. 243, 244

Giusso, Count, ii. 443

Glacier-iceblocks in the Polar seas, ii. 422;
burst asunder, i. 424

Glaciers, various kinds of, i. 181;
formerly in North-Eastern Asia, ii. 227, 246

Gmelin, ii. 199

Gold lustre, stones with, on Novaya Zemlya, i. 273, 277

Gold diggings, Siberian, i. 393

Golovin, second mate, ii. 184

Golovin, Captain, ii. 329

Goltschicha, i. 193, 194, 313

Gooseland, i. 72, 126

Goreloj, Andrej, ii. 168

_Gorm_ (larva of _Oestrus tarandi_), i. 137;
ii. 129, 143

Gosho, palace in Kioto, ii. 374

Gothenburg, i. 34

Goulden, Captain, i. 264

Gourdon, William, i. 256

_Graculus bicristatus_, i. 453

Grandidier, ii. 452

Granite, weathered, ii. 419

Grant, U.S., General, ii. 333

Graphite, ii. 235

Graves, Siberian, i. 393;
Chukch, i. 437; ii. 89, 225;
Eskimo, ii. 238

Grebnitski, ii. 291_n_, 294

Greeks, geographical ideas of the, ii. 148

Green Harbour, i. 136

Greenland said to be continuous with Norway, i. 51; Inland-ice, i. 176

Greenland seal, i. 164, 165

Greenlander's dress, i. 41; compared with other Polar races, i. 90; ii. 144; are descended from Norse colonists, ii. 145

Grevy, President, ii. 452, 454

"Grip-claws" found in Siberia, ii. 408

Gubin, mate, i. 274

Gundersen, captain of the _Express_, i. 9

Gundersen, M., i. 301

Gusinnaya Semlya, _see_ Gooseland

Gustaf Vasa's plan of a north-east passage, i. 57

Guturov, Peter, ii. 174

Gvosdarev, mate, i. 279

Gvosdev, Michael, ii. 74, 210_n_

Gyda Bay surveyed, ii. 186

Gygax, Dr, ii. 419

H

Haga dust, the, i. 330

Haimann, Guiseppe, ii. 440

Hakluyt, Richard, i. 60_n_

Hall, Captain, ii. 211

Halos, i. 246, 518

Hamy, Dr., ii. 452

Hardy, R. Spence, ii. 404

Hares, i. 507; ii. 44;
snow-blind, i. 508.

Hartman, Hendrik, i. 243

Haven, P. von, ii. 186_n_

Health, state of, during the wintering, i. 478

Hecht, ii. 452

Hedenstroem, i. 23, 143, 408;
travels, ii. 205;
life, ii. 203_n_

Heemskerk, i. 254

Hellant, A., ii. 6_n_

Hennessy, Pope, ii. 401, 403

Hens, Jacob, ii. 74

Herald Island, ii. 212

Herbertsten, Sigismund von, i. 54; ii. 156

Herdebol, ore-tester, ii. 74

Herodotus on the geography of Asia, ii. 149, 154; on Androphagi, i. 77_n_; ii. 157_n_

Heuglin, Baron von, i. 302_n_

Hideyoshi, Taiko, ii. 380

Hinloopen Strait, i. 110, 112, 137

Hirosami, ii. 387

_Histriophoca fasciata_, ii. 219, 224, 254

Holland, development of its navigation, i. 231

Holmgren, A.E., i. 148

Holmgren, Fr., ii. 135

Holstein-Holsteinborg, Count, ii. 455

Homer, ii. 148

Hong Kong, ii. 398; rocks at, ii. 420

Hooper, ii. 79, 128, 220_n_, 222, 235_n_, 245, 249

Hoorn, Jan Cornelisz van, i. 257

Hope Island, i. 165

Horn Sound, i. 109, 110, 124, 137, 291

Hovgaard, A., i. 4, 39, 93, 187, 200, 202, 208, 457, 497; ii. 45, 112, 115, 327, 447; Excursion to Menka's home, i. 500; portrait, ii. 449

Hudson, Henry, i. 255

Hugo, Victor, ii. 454

Humbert, King, ii. 446

Hyacinth (precious stone), ii. 423

I

Ice, different kinds of, in the Polar Seas, i. 422; action on the sea-bottom, i. 188; thickness during the wintering, i. 465

Icebergs, i. 182; size of, i. 422

Ice Fjord, i. 112, 137, 344

Icing up, i. 451

Ides, Evert Yssbrants, i. 404

Idlidlja (island), ii. 27

_Idothea entomon_, i. 198, 415, 416, 420

---- _Sabinei_, i. 198, 415, 417

Ignatiev, ii. 163

Ikaho, ii. 334

Ilgin, mate, ii. 209

Illusions caused by mist, i. 347; ii. 32

Indians, driven, i. 52

Indigirka, ii. 195

Ingoen, i. 42

Inland-ice, i. 176, 182; ii. 246

Inland Sea, of Japan, ii. 384, 421

Inn, Japanese, ii. 313, 316

Insects, i. 147, 202, 343; ii. 54, 242; frozen stiff, i. 148; ii. 54; in a bird's nest, i. 118

Insula Tazata, ii. 155

Irbit, i. 179

Irgunnuk, i. 485; ii. 21

Irkaipij, i. 441; ii. 210

Irtisch, i. 373, 374; ii. 159

Islands in the Siberian Sea, accounts of, i. 22; ii. 169, 170, 171_n_ Isleif, i. 144

Istoma, Gregory, i. 54; ii. 157

Italy, ii. 442

Ito-Keske, ii. 324

Ivanov, mate, i. 279

Ivanov, Rodivan, i. 269

Ivens, ii. 448

Ivory coat of mail, ii. 104

J

Jackman's voyages, i. 227, 229_n_

Jakovlev, Peter, ii. 275

Jauszoon, Harman, i. 243

Japan, ii. 395

Japanese, ii. 173, 174, 181

Japanese voyage round the world, i. 161_n_

_Jeanette_, the expedition of the, i. 448

Jinrikisha, ii. 317

Johannes de Plano Carpini, i. 102_n_

Johannesen, Chr., i. 9, 300, 353, 358, 365, 366

Johannesen, Edward, i. 185, 295

Johannesen, Soeren, i. 300

Jovius, Paulus, i. 57_n_

Jugaria, i. 172

Juschkov, i. 273

K

Kalias river, the, ii. 409

Kamakura, ii. 315

Kamchatka discovered, ii. 172; subjugated, ii. 167; first voyage to, ii. 176; its extent towards the south in old maps, ii. 181

Kamchatka river, the, ii. 172

Kamenni Ostrova, i. 318

Kaempfer, E., ii. 325

Kanin-nos, i. 222

Karaginsk Island, ii. 256

Kara port, the, i. 14; Pet sails through it, i. 229

Kara river, wintering at the, ii. 184

Kara Sea, the, voyage across, i. 187; its name, i. 172; its boundaries, i. 175, depth, i. 15, 184, 187; temperature of the water, i. 185; salinity, i. 185, 189; fauna, i. 184; algae, 185; icebergs uncommon in, i. 182, "ice-house," i. 182; navigated for the first time by West-Europeans, i. 227; voyages to, i. 286

Kargauts, i. 448

Karlskrona, i. 34

Karmakul Bay, i. 125, 255

Kascholong, ii. 238_n_

Kawamura, Admiral, ii. 301, 309, 369;
portrait of, ii. 302

Kay, E.C. Lister, i. 360

Kegor, i. 243

Kellett, i. 448; ii. 212

Kellett Land, ii. 212

Keswick, ii. 401

Keulen's Atlas, ii. 72

Kilduin, i. 237

Killingworth, George, i. 66

Kindaekov, ii. 195

King's Bay, i. 137

Kini Balu mountain, ii. 413

Kioto, ii. 366, 372,375

Kirilov, secretary, ii. 183

Kita-Shira-Kava, ii. 305, 308

Kittiwake, see _Larus tridactylus_

Kittlitz, ii. 245

Kjellman, F.R., i. 3, 33, 38, 185, 189, 196, 201_n_, 202_n_, 319, 320, 327, 333, 340, 354, 437, 451, 468, 504, 523; ii. 15, 225, 240, 245, 254, 291, 292, 414, 434, 447; sketch of a day during the wintering, i. 513; portrait, ii. 435

Klapmyts, i. 165

Klingstedt, i. 271, 272

Klokov, i. 279

Knoop, Baron, i. 360

Koba-Yoschi, ii. 370, 383

Kobe, stay at, ii. 364

Koch, i. 148

Kola, i. 218, 253, 254

Kolesoff, I.P., i. 362, 364

Kolgujev Island, i. 62_n_, 229

Kolmogor, i. 226; ii. 156

Kolmogorzov, i. 22

Kolyma river, the, i. 427; ii. 162, 165, 166, 195, 201; discovered, ii. 163

Kolyutschin Bay, ii. 227, 246; _Vega_ comes to, i, 456; its extent, ii. 31, 32, 76

Kolyutschin Island, i. 456, 485

Kompakova river, the, ii. 176

Konungs skuggja on the walrus, i. 159

Konyam Bay, ii. 221, 227; _Vega_ comes to, ii. 245

Kopai, a Schelag, ii. 171

Korepovskoj, i. 315, 358

Korovin, hunter, ii. 274, 276_n_

Koryaeks, ii. 82, 167, 172

Koscheleff, ii. 125_n_

Koschelev, ii. 186

Koschevin, ii. 205

Kosirevskoj, Ivan, ii. 174

Kosmin, mate, ii. 209

Kostin Schar, i. 236

Kotelnoj Island, i. 24; ii. 204, 206, 207

Kotsches, i. 22_n_; ii. 160_n_ Kotschuga, i. 374

Kotzebue, i. 28; ii. 212, 228_n_;
stay at St. Lawrence Island, ii. 254

Krascheninnikov, ii. 80, 167_n_, 173_n_

Krassilinikoff, ii. 274

Krestovski Island, ii. 162

Krestovskoj, i. 193, 194

Krestovskoj arm, the, ii. 190

Kroma river, the, ii. 168

Krotov, Lieut., i. 279

Krusenstern, M. von, i. 161_n_; ii. 125_n_

Krusenstern, Paul von, the elder, i. 284

Krusenstern, Paul von, the younger, i. 287;
his portrait, i. 285

Kueber, Dr., ii. 209

Kuehn, Franz, ii. 445

Kung Karl's Land, i. 137, 301_n_

Kurbski, S.T., ii. 157

Kuro-Sivo, ii. 295

Kusakov, ii. 170

Kusatsu, stay at, ii. 343;
the healing power of the baths, ii. 345

Kutschum Khan, ii. 159

Kythay lacus, ii. 157

L

Labuan, ii. 405

Lagomys, ii. 222

Lagercrantz, ii. 456, 460

Lagoon formations, i. 433

_Lagopus hyperboreus_, i. 129, 191, 214, 334, 508

_Lagopus subalpinus_, ii. 46

La Madelene, ii. 216

La Martiniere, i. 257;
his map, i. 259

_Laminaria solidungula_, i. 452

Lamps, Chukch, ii. 23

Landmarks, i. 228

Land worms, i. 148

Languet, Hubert, i. 57

Lapland, the Dutch navigation to, i. 227_n_

Lapps, the, dress, i. 40; spoken of by Othere, i. 48_n_, 51; compared with other Polar races, i. 90; skilful hunters, i. 224_n_

Lapp sparrow, see _Emberiza lapponica_

Laptev, Chariton, i. 20, 21, 367_n_;
voyages, ii. 190

Laptev, Dimitri, i. 24;
first voyage, ii. 193;
second voyage, ii. 195

La Ronciere le Noury, ii. 452

_Larus eburneus_, i. 117, 118; ii. 137; met with during expedition, i. 343; ii. 42

---- _glaucus_, i. 114;
met with during expedition, i. 191, 321, 352; ii. 47

---- _Rossii_, i. 119, 120; ii. 48

---- _Sabinii_, i. 119, 120, 508

---- _tridactylus_, i. 117; seen during expedition, i. 334, 352; ii. 42

Lasarev, i. 277

Lassinius, i. 24; ii. 187_n_;
voyage, ii. 193

Laxman, ii. 329

Lectures during the wintering, ii. 7

Lemming, the, i. 146;
met with during the expedition, i. 191, 343, 437; ii. 44

Lena (river), the, ascent of, i. 367;
river area, i. 372_n_;
navigable, i. 374;
its natural beauty, ii. 188_n_;
discovered, ii 160;
Russian voyages from, ii. 187, 198

_Lena_ (steamer), i. 7, 8, 9, 41, 75, 171, 187, 200;
parting from _Vega_, i. 355;
voyage up the river Lena, i. 367

Lena delta, the, i 367_n_

Leontiev, ii. 203

Leprosy in Japan ii. 345

Lesseps, ii. 441

_Lestris Buffonii_, i. 121, 334

---- _parasitica_, i. 121, 321, 334

---- _pomarina_, i. 121

Letters sent home, i. 496, 501; ii. 9

Lechtenberg, ii. 445

Lighthouse Island, i. 428

Lilljeborg, W, ii. 56

Limit of trees in the north of Europe and Asia, i. 42;
at the Yenisej, i. 381,
at the Lena, i. 43

Lindstrand, ii. 443

_Linnaea borealis_, ii. 240, 254

Linnaeus, ii. 43

Linschoten, i. 236, 237

Lisbon, stay in, ii. 447

L'Isle de la Croyere, ii. 196, 198, 200

Little Auk, see _Mergulus alle_

Ljachoff, i. 418, 419; ii. 204

Ljachoff's Island, ii. 162, 201, 204;
_Vega_ comes to, i. 415

Logan, J, i. 400

Lomme Bay, i. 112

London, stay at, ii. 451

Long, Captain, i. 26, ii. 212

Looms met with at Port Dickson, i. 191, 353

Loschkin, S., i. 273, 280

Loshak, i. 224

Lotterius, map by, ii. 77

_Louise_ (steamer), i. 314, 360

Ludlow, miner, i. 217

Luiz, King of Portugal, ii. 448

Lundstroem, A.N., i. 3, 193, 205, 206

Lussov, ii. 203

Luetke, von, i. 14, 279; ii. 78, 212, 245;
portrait, i. 278

M

MacClintock, i. 119

Machimura Masinovo, ii. 382

Mack, F.E., 298

Madvig, J.N., ii. 456

Maelson, F., i. 232

Magnetical observations during the wintering, i. 509

Magnus, Johannes, i. 51_n_

Magnus, Olaus, i. 145, 159;
map of the North, i. 53, 56;
views regarding the North-east Passage, i. 53_n_

Maeklin, F.W., i. 148

Malacca, Straits of, ii. 414

Malays on Labuan and Borneo, ii. 408, 412

Maldonado, L.F., i. 214

Malgin, N., ii. 169

Malm, A.W., i. 523

Malmgren, A.J., i. 119, 153

Maloj Island, ii. 204, 205

Malvano, Secretary of the Italian Cabinet, ii. 446

Malygin, i. 203, 272; ii. 184

Mammoth, i. 23, 30, 398, 445_n_;
in Europe, i. 399;
in Chukch Land, ii. 66;
at Eschscholz Bay, i. 228_n_;
old accounts of, i. 404;
legends regarding its mode of life, i. 405

Maosoe, stay at, i. 41, 71;
climate, i. 45

Maps of the North, i. 51

Marco Polo, _see_ Polo

Markets in Siberia and Polar America, ii. 13, 118

Markham, Clements R., ii. 451

Markov, A., ii. 170

Marseilles, invitation to, ii. 447

Martino, Consul-general, ii 440

Massa, Isaak, ii. 249_n_;
his map, i. 225_n_, 239_n_; ii. 158_n_

Massage in Japan, ii. 335

Matiuschin, midshipman, ii. 118_n_

Matotschkin Schar, i. 14, 70, 282;
mountains in its neighbourhood, i. 173;
stone ramparts on its shores, i. 188;
surveyed, i. 282

Matveyev Island, i. 272

Maunoir, ii. 452

Maurice Island, i. 241

Maydell, G. von, i. 410; ii. 79

Medals in memory of the voyage of the _Vega_, ii. 306, 459_n_

Melchior, state councillor, ii. 456

Melguer, David, ii. 216

Melkaja Guba, i. 283

Menka, i. 495, 501; ii. 125;
portrait, i. 495

_Mergulus alle_, i. 119

Mertens, ii. 245

Mesen, i. 51, 79; ii. 157

Mesenkin, i. 381;
mammoth remains found at, i. 410

Messerschmidt, i. 405

Mestni Island, i. 174, 228, 241, 297

Meteorological observations, i. 481; ii. 33

_Metridia armata_, ii. 56

Metschigme Bay, ii. 29, 227

Meyenvaldt, mate, i. 213, 317

_Mieralymma Dicksoni_, i. 343

Middendorff, i. 17, 406_n_; ii. 246_n_

Migrating birds, ii. 41

Mikado, audience of, ii 305

Miller, i. 460

Mimisuka, the grave of the noses and ears, ii. 380

Minin, i. 16; ii. 186, 187

Minusinsk, i. 373

Mirabelli, A., ii. 444

Mogi, excursion to, ii. 390;
fossil plants at, ii. 392

Mohn, i. 300

Moisture in the air, i. 484

Mokattam mountains, excursion to, ii. 440

Molin, A., ii. 175

Mollusca, land and fresh-water, at Port Clarence, ii. 242;
at Konyam Bay, ii. 245;
in Japan, ii. 362, 371;
the northernmost, ii. 245

Mollusca, subfossil, in Siberia, i. 378

Moma, the river, ii. 168

Moore, Captain, ii. 79, 213, 245

Morgiovets, i. 223

_Mormon Arcticus_, i. 113

Morosko, L., ii. 172, 173

_Maskwa_ (steamer), i. 360

Mosquitoes in the Polar regions, i. 147_n_

Motora, Simeon, ii. 165

Moxon, Joseph, i. 263

Mucheron, B., i. 232

Mueller, G.P., i. 16_n_, 21, 25; ii. 164_n_, 166, 167, 171, 172_n_, 183_n_, 199, 268_n_

Mueller, J.B., i. 405

Muenster, S., ii. 156_n_

Muravjev, Lieut., i. 272; ii. 183

Murman Sea, i. 14

Murray, Colin, ii. 415

Muscovy Company, i. 172, 217

Musk ox, discovery of the remains of, i. 411; ii. 228_n_;
supposed occurrence of, on Wrangel Land, i. 449_n_

_Mustela vulgaris_, ii. 46

Mutnaja river, i. 268

Mutnoj Saliv, ii. 183

_Myodes obensis_, i. 146; ii. 44

_Myodes torquatus_, ii. 44

N

Nagasaki, arrival at, ii. 389

Nakasendo road, the, ii. 327, 352

Namollo, ii. 80, 221

Naples, stay at, ii. 443

Narainzay river, i. 225

Narborough, John, i. 260

Narwhal, i. 165, 418

Narontza river, i. 225_n_

Nathorst, A.G., ii. 332, 394, 408

Nay, C., i. 232

Nearchus, i. 169

Nedrevaag, A.O., i. 298

Negri, C., i. 34; ii. 443

Nephrite among the Eskimo, ii. 236;
among the Chinese, ii. 236_n_, 399

Neremskoe, i. 172

Neumann, C. von, ii. 79, 118

New Siberian Islands, i. 23, 131_n_, 132, 413; ii. 171_n_;
exploratory journeys to, i. 412;
first visited by Europeans, ii. 204;
journeys to, ii. 205

Nierop, i. 203

Nikul river, ii. 167

Nilson, K., ii. 453

Njaskaja, i. 370

Noah Elisej, ii. 50; portrait, ii. 51

Noah's Wood, i. 30, 207, 381; ii. 207_n_

Nobel, A., ii. 452

Nordenskioeld, K., i. 320; ii. 406_n_

_Nordenskioeld_ (steamer), ii. 298, 301

Nordquist, O.,
i. 4, 37, 39, 187, 200, 202, 319, 321, 327, 444, 446_n_, 489;
ii. 12, 44, 82, 115, 315, 362, 369, 371, 435, 447;
excursion to Menka's home, i. 497;
visit to Pidlin, i. 502;
excursion to Nutschoitjin, ii. 18;
on the animals wintering in Chukch Laud, ii. 44;
portrait, ii. 435

Nordvik, ii. 190

Noril Mountains, i. 360

North-east Land, inland ice on, i. 176

North-east Passage, reasons of search for, i. 58, 231;
prize for its discovery, i. 246

North Pole, said to have been reached, i. 263

Norways, the i. 109

Northbrook, Earl of, ii. 451

Notti, ii. 7, 19, 22, 129; portrait, ii. 8

Novara Elliya, ii. 432

Novaya Sibir, ii. 204, 205, 206

Novaya Zemlya, animal life there, i. 107;
first known to West-Europeans, i. 215;
its name, i. 216;
Russian landmarks on, i. 228_n_;
its northern extremity passed for the first time, i. 248;
proposal to colonise it, i. 271_n_;
supposed riches in metals, i. 277;
Russian voyages to, i. 280;
Norwegian voyages to, i. 293;
curcumnavigation of, i. 297

Nummelin, G.A., i. 211, 314; portrait, i. 316

Nunamo, ii. 222

Nutschoitjin, excursion to, ii. 18

O

Ob, Gulf of, Owzyn's voyage on, ii. 185, 186;
surveyed, ii. 186

Ob, river territory, i. 372_n_;
navigable, i. 374;
first mentioned, ii. 157;
Russian navigation to in former times, i. 226, 244, 271;
English vessel stranded at, i. 229_n_, 256;
vessel stranded east of, i. 271;
Russian expedition to, ii. 183;
recent voyages to, i. 313

Obdorsk, i. 204, 290; ii. 185, 186

Observatory, magnetical, at Pitlekaj, i. 473, 509

Oiwaki, ii. 352

Okotsk, ii. 174

Okotsk, Sea of,
bottom frozen, ii. 61_n_;
navigation on, ii. 175, 176

Okuschi, ii. 364

Old Believers, Russian sect i. 179, 270_n_

Olenek river, i. 20, 26, ii. 160, 188, 190

Olutorsk river, ii. 165

Onkilon tribe, the ii. 80, 221;
excavations on the sites of old dwellings i. 444,
implements, i. 444;
Wrangel's account of them, i. 446

Oom, L.G., i. 243

Oordt, Consul van, ii. 298

_Ophiacantha bidentata_, i. 345

_Ophioglypha nodosa_, ii. 49

Orange Island, i. 241

Orange Islands, i. 234, 248

_Orca gladiator_, i. 170

Orosius, Paulus, i. 47_n_

Osaka, ii. 364, 366

Oscar, Duke of Gotland, ii. 453, 454

Oscar, King, i. 2, 3; ii. 459, 460, 463

Osche, ii. 278

Oshima, ii. 297

_Osmerus eperlanus_, i. 494

Ostatiof, M., ii. 72

Ostyaks, i. 384

_Otaria Stelleri_, _see_ Sea lion

_Otaria ursina_, _see_ Sea-bear

Othere, i. 158;
voyage, i. 47

Otter, F.W. von, i. 3; ii. 460

Owl, snowy, i. 131;
observed during expedition, i. 343, 352

Owzyn, Lieut, i. 16; ii. 185, 186

P

Pachtussov, voyages of, i. 279;
death of, i. 282

Paget, Sir A.B., ii. 446

Paj-Roj mountain, the, i. 74

Palander, L, i. 4, 9, 10_n_, 11, 36, 38, 137, 141, 172, 176, 190, 191,
319, 348, 429, 456, 474, 478, 509;
ii. 67, 131, 226, 256, 298, 401, 410, 412, 443, 445, 447, 451_n_, 463;
excursion to a reindeer-chukch camp, ii. 15;
portrait, ii. 68

Pallas, ii. 211, 275

Pallavicini, Prince, ii. 445

Palliser, John, i. 286

Palmieri, Prof., ii. 445

Panelapoetski, i. 262

Pansch, Dr., i. 140_n_

Pappan Island, ii. 409

Paradeniya, botanic garden at, ii. 428

Parent, E., ii. 446

Paris, _fetes_ at, ii. 453

Parositi, Asiatic tribe, i. 103_n_

Parry Island, i. 113, 133

Parry, Sir Edward, ii. 144, 210

Paulov, Lieut, i. 272; i. 183

Paulutski, D., ii. 75, 221

Payer, i., 266, 422

Pedrotalagalla, ii. 414, 432

Pekarski, ii. 275

Pelikan, Consul, ii. 298

Penschina Bay, ii. 75

Penschina River, ii. 166

Permakov, J., ii. 169

Perry, Commodore, ii. 297

Pet, A., i. 60, 172;
his voyages, i. 227

Petchora river, i. 55, 219, 224; ii. 157

Peter the Great, ii. 175, 179

Petermann, A., his belief that the Polar Sea is occasionally navigable, i. 265

Petersen, C., i. 143, 423

Petropaulovsk, ii. 196, 268, 294

Pet's Straits, i. 172

Phalarope, i 128, 191, 320;
observed during the expedition, i. 415, 437; ii. 42

_Philip and Mary_ (vessel), i. 226_n_

Phipps Island, i. 133

_Phoca barbata_, i. 159_n_, 162, 334

_Phoca Groenlandica_, i. 165;
young of the, 164

_Phoca hispida_, i. 165, 343

Pidlin, i. 485;
excursion to, i. 502

Pinto, Major, ii. 448

Piper, Count, ii. 451

Pitlekaj, i. 485;
flora at, i. 468;
appearance of, ii. 60

Pjaesina River, i. 193; ii. 187;
is discovered, ii. 160

Plancius, Dutch geographer, i. 232

_Pleuropogon Sabini_, i. 332

Pliny the elder, ii. 153, 157_n_

Plover expedition, ii. 79, 245

Podurids, Novaya Zemlya, i. 148

Poetry, Japanese, ii. 382

Pogytscha, River, ii. 162

Point de Galle, arrival at, ii. 414;
departure from, ii. 437

Polar bear seen during the expedition, i. 190, 339, 353; ii. 46;
account of, i. 137

Polar Sea hunting, i. 291

Pole of cold, i. 474

Police in Japan, ii. 331

Polo, Marco, i. 58, 144; ii. 154, 157_n_;
his life, ii. 153

Polynias, i. 466

Pompeii, excursion to, ii. 444

Pontchartrin, Count de, ii. 216

Poole, J., i. 291

Popov, ii. 78

Porcelain manufacture in Japan, ii. 381

Port Clarence, ii. 226

Port Dickson, i. 18;
stay at, i. 189;
its discovery, i. 311

Porthan, i. 47

Portugal, stay in, ii. 447

Pospjelov, i. 277

Postels, ii. 245

Postnik, ii. 161

Potatoes, antiscorbutic, i. 11

Preobraschenie Island, i. 353

Pribylov, ii. 212

Pribylov Islands, ii. 258

Priluschnoj, i. 195

_Procellaria galcialis_, i. 108

_Promontorium Scythicum_, ii. 153

_Promontorium Tabin_, ii. 153

Prontschischev, i. 19; ii. 188, 189

Protodiakonoff, Z., i. 418

_Proeven_ (hunting sloop), i. 1, 292

Provision depot on land, i. 473

Ptolemy, ii. 152

Purchas, i. 62_n_

Puschkarev, ii. 203

Pustosersk, i. 75

Putrefaction slow in the Polar regions, i. 167

Pyramids, the, visit to, ii. 440

Q

Quaen Sea, i. 215

Quaens, skilful harpooners, i. 224

Quale, P, i. 298

Quatrefages, ii. 453

R

Rabaut, A., ii. 447

Railway, Siberian, i. 375

Rambodde, ii. 432

Ratnapoora, ii. 416

_Recherche's_ wintering, ii. 36

Red ochre, ii. 235

Red Sea, ii. 439

Reindeer, tame, i. 78; wild, i. 132

Reindeer's skin used for clothing, i. 37

Reindeer's stomach, contents of, consumed by the Chukches, i. 435

Reitinacka, ii. 57, 58

Renoe, i. 43

_Rhinoceros antiquitatis_, i. 406

_Rhinoceros Merckii_, i. 411

Rhytina, ii. 272

Riccio, ii. 444

Richter, Consul-general, ii. 451

Rijp, i. 246

Riksdag, the, supports the expedition, i. 5

Rio-San, ii. 382

Rirajtinop, i. 485

Robeck, ii. 211

Rodgers, i. 26

Rokuriga-hara, ii. 348

Romanzov, ii. 204

Rondes (sable), i. 145

Rookery, ii. 282

Rossmuislov, i. 274

Rotgansen, i. 247

Rotschilten, ii. 16, 31

Roule, C., i. 216

Rubies, ii. 419

Ruggieri, Prof., ii. 444

Ruinlike rock formations, i. 428

Runeberg, R., i. 8

Ruspoli, Prince, ii. 445

Russians, at Chabarova, i. 79

S

_Sabinea septemcarinata_, ii. 48

Sachanich Bay, i. 236_n_

Sacrificial heights, i. 92

Saigo Kichinosuke ii. 303

Sajsan, Lake, i. 374

_Salix artica_, ii. 65

Samoyeds, i. 77;
their idols, i. 85, 94;
their dress, i. 89;
Compared with other Polar races, i. 91;
burying place, i. 97;
their weapons, i. 99;
old accounts of them, i. 100;
their place in ethnography, i. 103

Samurai, ii. 376

Sandman, Captain, ii. 294

Sandpiper, _see_ Phalarope

Sankin Grigorej, ii. 170

Sannikov, i. 24

Sanyo Sanitomi, ii. 303

Saostrovskoj, i. 311

Sapetto, Prof., ii. 439

Sapphires, ii. 419

Sarytschev, ii. 408

Satow, E M, ii. 321

Sauer, Martin, i. 418

Savavatari, ii. 337

Savina river, i. 280

Schalaurov, ii. 200

Schelags, ii. 170

Schelechov, G, ii. 270_n_

Scheltinga, ii. 198

Schestakov, A, ii. 74

Schigansk, i. 369

Schmidt, F, i. 409

Schmidt, H, i. 360

Schrenck, L von, i. 410

Schtinnikov, A, ii. 182

Schwanenberg, D, i. 9_n_, 314

Scoresby, i. 143_n_

Scurvy, i. 45; ii. 295

Sea-bear, the, ii. 272

Sea-cow, ii. 272

Sea-lion, i. 446; ii. 267

Sea-otter, ii. 271

Sea-spider, i. 349

Seals, i. 162

Sealskin used as clothing, i. 37

_Searchthrift_ (vessel), i. 217

Seebohm, Mr., i. 315

Selenetz Islands, i. 228

Selenga, i. 374

Selennoe Lake, i. 269

Self-dead animals, i. 322

Selifontov, i. 204

Selivaninskoj, i. 387

Selivestrov, ii. 166_n_

Semenoffski Island, i. 414

Semipalitinsk, i. 373

Senjavin Sound, ii. 244

Senkiti-San, ii. 336

Serapoa Koska, i. 217

Serdze Kamen, i. 467

Seribrenikoff, S.J., i. 39

Seven Islands, i. 117

_Severnoe Sianie_, i. 211

Shamans, ii. 128

Shaman drums, ii. 24

Shimonoseki. ii. 387

Shintoism, ii. 378

Sibbern, ii. 453

Siberian Polar Sea, i. 14, 28

Siberian cattle plague, i. 78

Sibir, ii. 159

Sibiriakoff, A., i. 2, 3, 8, 24

Sibiriakoff Island, ii. 312

Sidoroff, M., i. 211

Sidoroff's graphite quarry, ii. 235

Siebold, P.H.F. von, ii. 326

Siebold, H. von, ii. 326

_Sieversia glacialis_, i. 197

Simonsen, i. 300

Simovies, i. 193

Simpson, John, ii. 118

Singapore, ii. 413

Singhalese, ii. 424

Sirovatskoj, ii. 204

Skoptzi in Siberia, i. 387

Skuratov, i. 204

Slaves among the Chukches, ii. 123

Sledges, i. 82, 83

Smitt, F.A., ii. 59

Snobberger, C.P., i. 259

Snow-blindness, i. 477; ii. 10

Snow-bunting, the, ii. 129

Snow-drifting, i. 483

Snow-shoes, ii. 102

Snow-spectacles, i. 477; ii. 10

Snow, the melting of the, ii. 34

Snups, M., ii. 157_n_

Sokolov, ii. 176

Solovets, ii. 157

_Somateria molissima_, i. 123

_Somateria spectabilis_, i. 123

_Somateria V.-nigrum_, ii. 42

Spangberg, Martin, ii. 179

Spinel, ii 423

Spirits, i. 440; ii. 13, 116, 118

Spitzbergen hunting, history of, i. 29

Spitzbergen, its discovery ascribed to Willoughby, i. 62_n_;
discovered by Barents, i. 247;
Russian voyages to, i. 291;
Norwegian voyages to, i. 293

Spottiswoode, Mr., ii. 451

Springs, hot, ii. 343

St. James's Islands, i. 223

St. Laurens Bay, i. 236

St. Lawrence Bay, ii. 212, 218

St. Lawrence Island, i. 154; ii. 250

_Stegocephalus Kessleri_, ii. 48

Stellar, G.N., ii. 80, 187_n_, 200, 266;
his death, ii. 268

Steppes, Siberian, i. 384

_Sterna macroura_, i. 123

Stockholm, arrival at, ii. 459

Stolbovoj Island, i. 414

Stone Pacha, ii. 440

Stone polishing works in Canton, ii. 399

Strabo, ii. 148, 151

Strahlenberg i. 405

_Strix nyctea_, i. 131

Stroganov, Russian commercial house, i. 235

Stuxberg, A., i. 3, 38, 151, 193, 194, 198, 311, 324, 438, 451;
ii. 225, 291, 315, 434;
portrait, ii. 435

Suez, arrival at, ii. 440

Suez Canal, the, ii. 441

Sujeff, student, i. 185_n_

Swan, Bewick's, i. 127

Swedish expedition of 1875, the, i. 12;
visits Yalmal, i. 205;
reaches the Yenisej, i. 311

Swedish prisoners of war in Siberia, ii. 175

Swell from falling pieces of ice dangerous to vessels, i. 183_n_

Sword-bearing in Japan, ii. 377

_Sylvia Ewersmanni_, ii. 43

Sylvius, AEneas, i. 52_n_

T

Tabin, Promontorium, i. 13, 241

Taffelbeiget, ii. 29

Tagil river, the, ii. 159

Taimur Island, i. 331

Taimur lake, ii. 192

Taimur Land, inhabited by Samoyeds, i. 244_n_
position of its east coast, i. 352;
Minin's travels along the coast, ii. 187

Taimur river, the, i. 409

Takasaki, ii. 325

Takasima coal mine, ii. 394

Tamils, ii. 424

Tanning reindeer hides hides, ii. 122

Tas-ary, i. 362, 368

Tas river, the, ii. 156, 159_n_

Tatarinov, Feodor, ii. 203

Tatariov, Cossack, ii. 206

Tattooing, Chukch, i. 499; ii. 99;
Eskimo, at Port Clarence, ii. 232;
Eskimo, at St. Lawrence island ii. 251, 252

_Tazata, Insula_, ii. 155

Teano, Prince, ii. 445, 446

Temples in Japan, ii. 375, 377;
on Ceylon, ii. 425

Tennent, E, ii. 415_n_, 419, 424_n_

Terfins, i. 48_n_

Tetgales, B.Y., i. 232

_Thalassiophyllum Clathrus_, ii. 293

Theel, Hj, i. 3, 311

Theatres in Japan, ii. 356

Thorne, Robert, i. 57_n_

Thunberg, C.P., ii. 43, 326_n_

Thwaites, Dr., ii. 428

Tietgen, state councillor, ii. 456

Tigil River, the, ii. 167_n_, 176

Tintinyaranga, i. 509

Tjapka, Chukch village, ii. 20

Tjumen, ii. 159, 268

Tobacco, its use among the Chukches, ii. 116;
in Japan, ii. 321

Tobiesen, S.K., i. 108, 141, 144, 152, 300;
his voyage to Spitzbergen, i. 302;
wintering on Bear Island, i. 303;
his death, i. 305;
his portrait, i. 303

Tobol river, the, ii. 159

Tobolsk, i. 344; ii. 185, 186

Tokaido road, the, ii. 315

Tokio, visit to, ii. 304;
the Shoguns' graves at, ii. 309

Topaz, ii. 400, 419

Toporkoff Island, ii. 291

_Torosses_, i. 425, 463; ii. 2

Toxar Island, i. 239

Treacher, Governor, ii. 408

Trees, distribution of, in Siberia, i. 383

_Tringa maritima_, i. 128

Trofimov's mammoth, i. 409

Tromsoe, _Vega's_ stay at, i. 38;
its climate, i. 45_n_

Tumat Island, i. 362

_Tundra_, appearance of the, i. 378

Tunguses, i. 384, 408; ii. 191

U

Umbellula in the Kara Sea, i. 184

Ural-Altaic race, i. 103

_Uria Bruennichii_, i. 110

---- _grylle_, i. 113

Urusov, Prince, ii. 445

Ustjansk, ii. 205, 206

Usui toge, ii. 352

V

Vardoe, i. 66, 68;
climate of, i. 45

Varsina river, the, i. 66

Varthema, Luduvico de, ii. 438

Vasa Murrhina, ii. 236_n_

Vaygats Island, i. 77, 93;
discovered, i. 215;
visited by Pet, i. 228

Veer, Gerrit de, i. 101;
his book, i. 245
_Vega_, the, purchased, i. 8;
description of, i. 9;
equipment of, i. 11;
position when frozen in, i. 468;
action of cold on, i. 466;
prepared for wintering, i. 469;
repaired, ii. 396;
sold, ii. 463

Vessels, Norse, i. 50; Russian, on the Polar sea, i. 219

Vlamingh, i. 258

Volcanic dust in Scandinavia, i. 330

Volcanoes, ii. 249

_Vulpes lagopus_, _see_ Fox, Arctic

---- _vulgaris_, _see_ Fox, common

W

Waern, C.F., i. 5

Waldburg-Zeil, Count, i. 205

Walden Island, i. 112

Walrus, i. 152

Walton, Lieut., ii. 198

Wax tree, the Japanese, ii. 389

Waxel, Lieut, ii. 197

Weasel, ii. 46

Werchojansk, i. 411

Werkon, the river, ii. 202

Weyprecht, i. 266

Whales, on the coast of Norway, i. 49;
scarce at Novaya Zemlya, i, 168;
fear of, in ancient times, i. 169;
with European harpoons, found in the Pacific, i. 264

Whale bones on Spitzbergen, i. 168;
sub-fossil at Pitlekaj, i. 520;
used is building materials, ii. 223;
at St. Lawrence Island, ii. 253

Whale-fishing, described by Albertus Magnus, i. 159_n_;
at Spitzbergen, i. 168

Whale _mummy_ at Pitlekaj, i. 523

White-fronted goose, i. 124

White Island, _see_ Beli Ostrov

White Sea, the, i. 215

White whale, the, i. 79, 167

Widmark, H.A., ii. 35

Wiemut, Julian, ii. 294

Wiggins, J., i. 311, 312;
portrait, i. 313

Wilkoffski, ii. 238

Willoughby, Sir Hugh, i. 13, 58;
portrait, i. 59

Willoughby's, Land, i. 62

Wilui river, the, i. 406

Wood, Captain, i. 260

Wosnessenski, conservator, ii. 276

Wrangel, Ferdinand von, i. 23, 265, 446,
journeys, ii. 209;
portrait, ii. 208

Wrangel Land, i. 23, 26, 448; ii. 171_n_, 202, 209;
landing on, i. 448

Wrestlers, Japanese, ii. 339

Wulfstan's travels, i. 50

Y

Yakovieva, i. 316

Yakuts, i. 384; ii. 161

Yakutsk, i. 19, 22, 26, 370, 371;
ii. 187, 190, 193

Yalmal, exclusion to, i. 201;
visited in 1875, i. 205;
population i. 204;
origin of the name, i. 203;
old accounts of, i. 204;
surveyed, ii. 185

Yana River, the, i. 418_n_

Yanimoto, ii. 366

Yefremov Kamen, i. 376

Yekargauls, i. 498

Yelmert, i. 203

Yelmert Land, i. 203

Yenisej, the, voyages of the _Fraser_ and
the _Empress_, up, i. 357;
ascent of, in 1875, i. 387;
river territory, i. 372;
navigable, i. 373;
its banks, i. 377;
vegetation on, i. 381;
steamers on, i. 394;
discovered, ii. 160;
Russian navigation on, in former times, i. 243;
Russian sea, expeditions to, ii. 185;
Minin's voyages on, ii. 186;
later voyages to, i. 311

Yenisej, mouth of the, map of, i. 192;
formerly inhabited, i. 193;
winter at, i. 209

Yettugin, ii. 29, 67, 125

Yii gate, the, ii. 399

Yinretlen, i. 485

_Ymer_ (steamer), i. 1, 9_n_, 312, 358

Yokohama, ii. 296;
arrival at, ii. 295;
departure from, ii. 364

Yokosuka, ii. 396

_Yoldia Artica_, i. 199

Young, Sir Allen, ii. 451

Yugor Schar, i. 14;
expedition passes, i. 171;
rules for sailing through, i. 172;
harbours in, i. 174;
origin of the name, i. 172;
Pet did not sail through, i. 228;
map of, i. 242

Yukagires, ii. 75

Yukagir dwellings, remains of, on the New Siberian Islands, ii. 209

Z

_Zaritza_ (steamer), i. 360

Zeno, i. 53

Ziegler's map of the north, i. 53

Zivolka, A.K., i. 282; portrait, i. 284

Zircon, ii. 423

THE END

THE ARCTIC VOYAGES OF BARON A.E.
VON NORDENSKIOeLD, 1858-1879 With Illustrations and Map.
Demy 8vo. 16_s_.
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By CAPTAIN ALBERT H. MARKHAM, R.N.

NORTHWARD HO! By Captain ALBERT H. MARKHAM, R.N.,
Author of "The Frozen Sea," &c. Including a Narrative of Captain
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THE DEPTHS OF THE SEA. An Account of the
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"Porcupine" during the Summers of 1868-69-70, under the Scientific
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THE VOYAGE OF THE "CHALLENGER"--THE ATLANTIC. A Preliminary
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LOG-LETTERS FROM THE "CHALLENGER"
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ISMAILIA A Narrative of the Expedition to Central
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A RAMBLE ROUND THE WORLD 1871. By M. le BARON de HUeBNER,
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A NARRATIVE OF A YEAR'S JOURNEY
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MACMILLAN & CO., LONDON, W.C.

START OF TRANSCRIBER'S NOTES:

First a list of typographical errors, which have been corrected in the etext. Followed by alternative spellings of words noticed, the majority of which occur bewteen the index and the text, these have been left unchanged. There are also two short ERRATA for Volume I and Volume II in the printed edition.

Vol I page x "Cape Schelagskog" changed to "Cape Schelagskoj" [ to match 4 other instances in text ]

Vol I page xiii "Sieveria" changed to "Sieweria" [ as in the title "Neu-entdecktes Sieweria, worinnen die Zobeln gefangen werden" confirmed on Internet, and one other instance in the text ]

Vol I page xxv "Ida Fallander" changed to "Ida Falander" [ to match 5 other instances in text ]

Vol I page xxvi "Yenissej" changed to "Yenisej" [ to match many instances in text ]

Vol I page 22 "Staduschin" changed to "Staduschin" [ to match 11 other instances in the text ]

Vol I page 43 "Middendorf" changed to "Middendorff" [ to match 19 other instances in text ]

Vol I page 51 "Ptolemoei Cosmographia" changed to "Ptolemaei Cosmographia" [ confirmed on internet as the correct spelling, also correct in one other instance in the text ]

Vol I page 73 "Besimmanaja Bay" changed to "Besimannaja Bay" [ to match 5 other instances in text ]

Vol I page 219 "Cape Woronov" changed to "Cape Voronov" [ to match entry in index and confirmed on Internet ]

Vol I page 310 "Novya Zemlaya" changed to "Novaya Zemlya" [ over 200+ instances of "Novaya Zemlya" ]

Vol I page 315 "Sewernoe Sianie" changed to "Severnoe Sianie" [ to match 2 other instances in text ]

Vol I page 317 "Meywaldt" changed to "Meyenwaldt" [ to match 2 other instances in text, note also spelt as "Meyenvaldt" in the index ]

Vol I page 377 "YEKISEJ" changed to "YENISEJ" [ to match many instances in text ]

Vol I page 397 "MIDDENDORF" changed to "MIDDENDORFF" [ to match 19 other instances in text ]

Vol I page 451 "Redogoerese" changed to "Redogoerelse" [ to match 4 other instances in the text ]

Vol II page xvi "Pribyloo" changed to "Pribylov" [ to match 4 other instances in the text ]

Vol II page 140 "ocasionally" changed to "occasionally"

Vol II page 183 "Dolgoj Island" changed to "Dolgoi Island" [ to match index and 2 other instances in text ]

Vol II page 249 "Hessal Gerritz" changed to "Hessel Gerritz" [Internet book text search gives both variations of surname see under differences of spelling below, but always "Hessel" as the first name of the author ]

Vol II page 432 "Pedrotalegalla" changed to "Pedrotalagalla" [ to match 2 other instances in text, also confirmed on Internet as correct spelling for this mountain ]

Vol II page 447 "Nutschoitzin" changed "Nutschoitjin" [ to match other index entry and 6 instances in the text ]

Vol II page 481 "Vlaming" changed to "Vlamingh" [ to match 8 other instances in text ]

Differences noticed in spelling, these remain unchanged as it is not obvious which is correct.

"Bruzewitz" In index and Illustration, but "Brusewitz" in text

"Engehardt's" or "Engelhardt's"

"Hessel Gerritsz" or "Hessel Gerritz"

"Gusinnaja Semlja" or "Gusinnyja Semlja"

"Gwosdarev" in text, but "Gvosdarev" in index

"Cape Kamennoj" in text, but "Cape Kammennoj" in index

"Kolmogorsov" in text, but "Kolmogorzov" in index

"Krassilnikoff's" in text, but "Krassilinikoff" in index

"Labuan" in text, but "Labaan" in index

"Matvejev" in text, but "Matveyev" in index

"Meyenwaldt" in text, but "Meyenvaldt" in index

"Morgiouets" in text, but "Morgiovets" in index

"Mutnoi" in text, but "Mutnoj" in index

"Oiwake" in text, but "Oiwaki" in index

"Rotschitlen" in text, but "Rotschilten" in index

"Sarytchev" or "Sarytschev"

"Semenoffskoj" in text, but "Semenoffski" in index

"Gusinnaja Semlja" in text, but "Gusinnaya Semlya" in index

"Serebrenikoff" in text, but "Seribrenikoff" in index

"skuggsja" in text, but "skuggja" in index

"Sumiyashi" In list of illustrations, but "SUMIYOSHI" Caption on illustration

"Tajmur river" or "Taimur river"

"Volodomir" in text, but "Volodimir" in index

"Yekargaules" in text, but "Yekargauls" in index

END OF TRANSCRIBER'S NOTES