Chapter XXV: Part 25

PORRECT´ (_porrectus_, pp. of _porrigere_, stretch out before, reach
out, extend, < _por_, forth, + _regere_, stretch, direct), extended
forward; stretched forth horizontally.

POSTE´RIOR (_posterior_, compar. of _posterus_, coming after, etc.),
denotes a position or under side of the pileus adjacent to the stem;
the end of a lamella next the stem is the posterior end.

PREMORSE´ (_premorsus_, pp. of _premordere_, bite in front or at the
end), having the apex irregularly truncate as if bitten or broken off.

PRIMOR´DIAL (_primordium_, pl. _primordia_, origin, beginning), first
formed; existing from the beginning.

PRIMOR´DIUM (_L._—commonly in pl. _primordia_, the beginnings, <
_primus_, first, + _ordiri_, begin), first beginning of any structure.

PRIMROSE-YELLOW (_primulaceo-flavus_), a very delicate pale-yellow, of a
more creamy tint than sulphur-yellow. (Pale cadmium + white.)

PROC´ESS, an outgrowth or projection from a surface.

PROCUM´BENT (_procumben(t-)s_, ppr. of _procumbere_, fall forward or
prostrate, < _pro_, forward, + _cumbere_, _cubare_, lie), prostrate;
unable to support itself, therefore lying on the ground.

PROJEC´TING, the anterior end jutting out beyond the margin.

PROLIF´EROUS (_proles_, offspring; _fero_, to bear), applied to an organ
which gives rise to secondary ones of the same kind.

PRO´TEAN (_Gr_—the name of a sea-god), exceedingly variable; changeable
in form.

PRO´TEID, albuminoid.

PROTO- (_Gr_—first), an element in compound words of Greek origin
meaning “first” and denoting precedence in time, rank and degree.

PROTOBASID´IUM, basidium divided by transverse septa into four cells,
each giving rise to a spore from a laterally inserted sterigma, or a
basidium divided longitudinally by septa intersecting each other at
right angles into four cells terminating in a long, tubular sterigma.

=Pro´toplasm= (_Gr_—first, + anything formed or molded), the
nitrogenous fluid of variable composition found in living cells; it is
the vital substance into which all food is assimilated, and from which
all parts of the plant are formed.

PROX´IMAL (_proximus_, nearest), pertaining to the base or extremity of
attachment.

PRU´INATE, PRU´INOSE (as if _pruinatus_, _pruina_, hoar-frost), covered
with a bloom or powder so as to appear as if frosted.

PRUN´IFORM (_prunum_, a plum; _forma_, form), plum-shaped.

PSEUDO (_Gr_—false, counterfeit, etc.), prefix signifying “false” or
“spurious.”

PSEUDO-PAREN´CHYMA, a fungus tissue formed of closely woven and felted
hyphal threads, which on section has the appearance of the cellular
structure of true parenchyma.

PUBES´CENCE (pubescen(t-) + ce), general term to describe hairyness;
specifically covered with short, soft, downy hairs.

PUBES´CENT (_pubes_, of mature age), covered with soft, short hairs,
downy; hairy.

PULLULA´TION (_pullulare_, pp. _pullulatus_, pullulate), a mode of cell
multiplication in which a cell forms a protuberance on one side which
enlarges to size of parent cell and is cut-off from it by a dividing
wall; sprouting; budding.

PULVERA´CEOUS, PULVER´ULENT (_pulvis_ (_pulver_), dust, powder), covered
as if with powder or dust.

PUL´VINATE (_pulvinatus_, < _pulvinus_, a cushion), cushion-shaped.

PUNC´TATE (_punctatus_, < _punctus_, a point), dotted with points.

PUNC´TIFORM (_punctum_, point; _forma_, form), like a point or dot.

PUS´TULAR, PUS´TULATE (_pustulatus_, pp. of _pustulare_, to blister, <
_pustula_, a blister, pimple), having low elevations shaped like
blisters or pustules.

PUTRES´CENT, soon decaying.

PYR´IFORM (_pyrum_, a pear; _forma_, form), pear-shaped.

QUAD-, QUADRI- (_quadru_, four-cornered, square, fourfold, < _quattuor_,
four), prefix signifying “four.”

QUAD´RATE (_quadratus_, square, pp. of _quadrare_, make four-cornered,
square, < _quadra_, a square), square; sometimes used to mean “of four
equal parts.”

QUATER´NATE (_quaternatus_, < _quaterni_, four each), arranged in groups
of four.

RA´DIATE, RA´DIATING (_radiatus_, pp. of _radiare_, furnish with spokes,
give out rays, shine), arranged like the spokes of a wheel.

RAD´ICATING (_radicatus_, pp. of _radicare_, take root), rooting;
having root-like strands which penetrate the matrix.

RAD´ICLE (_radicula_, dim. of _radix_, a root), a rootlet.

RA´MEAL, RA´MEOUS (_rameus_, a branch), growing on twigs or branches.

RAMIC´ULOUS, growing on branches.

RAM´IFICATION (_ramificare_, ramify), branching, or the manner of
branching.

RAM´IFY (_ramus_, a branch, + _ficare_, < _facere_, make), to form
branches.

RA´MOSE, RA´MOUS (_ramosus_, full of branches), having many small
branches.

RECEP´TACLE, RECEPTAC´ULUM (_receptaculum_, place to receive things in),
a part of the mushroom extremely varied in form, consistency and size,
enclosing the organs of reproduction; usually implying a hollowed-out
body containing other bodies; same as STROMA; same as SPOROPHORE; in
Phalloids the stem, stem and pileus, or the clathrate body which
supports the gleba.

REFLEXED´, REFLEC´TED (_reflexus_, pp. of _reflectere_, reflect), turned
or bent back.

REMOTE´ (_remotus_, pp. _removere_, remove), of gills which do not reach
the stem, but leave a free space between them and it.

REN´IFORM (_ren_, the kidney; _forma_, form), kidney-shaped.

REPAND´ (_repandus_, bent backward), bent or turned up or back; having a
slightly undulating or sinuous margin.

REP´LICATE (_replicatus_, pp. of _replicare_, fold or bend back), folded
back upon itself as when the margin of a cup turns outward and
downward.

RESU´PINATE (_resupinatus_, pp. of _resupinare_, throw on the back),
attached to the matrix by the back, the hymenium facing outward; said
of fungi spread over the matrix without any stem and with the hymenium
upwards.

RETIC´ULATE, RE´TIFORM (_reticulatus_, < _reticulum_, a little net),
marked with crossed lines like the meshes of a net.

REV´OLUTE (_revolutus_, pp. of _revolvere_, revolved), rolled backwards
or upwards; of the margin of a pileus _e.g._ the opposite of involute.

RHI´ZINES, RHI´ZOIDS (_Gr_—root, +), delicate filiform hyphal branches
which serve to attach the sporophore to the substratum and supply
nourishment.

RI´MOSE, RI´MOUS (_rimosus_, _rima_, a crack), cracked, full of clefts.

RHI´ZOMORPHS (_Gr_—root, + _L._—_forma_, form), long, branching or
anastomosing, rigid, root-like cords of mycelium with a dark or black
exterior, often growing between the bark and timber or about and
penetrating the roots of dead and living trees, produced by Agaricus
melleus and various other fungi.

RHIZOMOR´PHOID (_Gr_—root, + form), root-like in form.

RHODOSPO´RÆ (_Gr_—rose, + seed), rose or pink spores.

RIM´ULOSE, RIM´ULOUS (_rimula_, a little crack), covered with small
cracks.

RIND, cortex; bark.

RING, a part of the veil adhering in the form of a ring to the stem of
an agaric; same as annulus.

RI´VOSE (_rivus_, a stream, channel, groove), marked with furrows which
do not run in parallel directions.

RIV´ULOSE (_rivulosus_, < _rivula_, a little stream), marked with lines
like rivulets.

ROOT´ING, same as radicating.

ROSACEOUS (_rosaceus_, _pallidoroseus_, _caryophyllaceus_), a very pure
purplish-pink color, like some varieties of roses.

ROSE-RED (_roseus_, _rosaceo-ruber_), the purest possible purplish-red
color.

ROS´TRATE (_rostratus_, having a beak, hook or crooked point, _rostrum_,
a beak), beaked; having a process resembling the beak of a bird.

ROTUND´, round or nearly so.

RUBES´CENT (_rubescents_, ppr. of _rubescere_, become red, < _rubere_,
be red), tending to a red-color.

RUBIG´INOUS (_rubiginosus_, < _rubigo_, rust), rust-colored.

RUFES´CENT (_rufescere_, to become reddish), tending to rufous or a dull
red color.

RUF´FLED, very strongly undulate.

RU´FOUS (_rufus_), a brownish-red color like the pigment called
Venetian-red, light red, Indian-red, red chalk, etc., which represents
various shades of rufous. The typical shade is light red.

RU´GOSE (_rugosus_, < _ruga_, a wrinkle), wrinkled.

RU´GULOSE (_rugula_, dim. of _ruga_, a wrinkle), minutely rugose.

RUN´CINATE (_runcina_, a plane), irregularly saw-toothed, the divisions
or teeth hooked backward.

RUSSET (_russatus_), a bright tawny-brown color with a tinge of rusty.

SAB´ULINE, SAB´ULOSE (_sabulum_, sand, + _ine_), growing in sandy
places.

SAC´CATE (_saccus_, a bag), in the form of a sack or pouch.

SAC´CHARINE (_saccharon_, sugar), of or resembling sugar, covered with
shining grains like those of sugar.

SAC´CULE, SAC´CULUS (_sacculus_, dim. of _saccus_, a bag), a small sack
or pouch.

SALMON-COLOR (_salmonaceus_) (_carneus_), a color intermediate between
flesh color and orange, like the flesh of the salmon. (Saturn red or
orange chrome + white.)

SANGUIN´EOUS (_sanguineus_, of blood, bloody), blood-colored; of a deep,
somewhat brownish-red color; like the color of clotted blood.

SAP´ID (_sapidus_, having taste, savory, < _sapere_, have a taste),
agreeable to the taste.

SAPROG´ENOUS (_Gr_—rotten, + _Gr_—producing), growing in decaying or
decomposing animal or vegetable matter.

SAP´ROPHYTE (_Gr_—rotten, + _Gr_—a plant), a plant that lives on
decaying vegetable or animal matter.

SAPROPHYT´IC, living upon and deriving its sustenance from dead organic
matter.

SCA´BRATE, SCA´BROUS (_scabrosus_, < _scaber_, rough), rough on the
surface; rugged.

SCALAR´IFORM (_scalaria_, a flight of steps; _forma_, form), in the form
of a ladder.

SCAPH´OID (_Gr_—like a bowl or boat, + _Gr_—form), boat-shaped.

SCA´RIOSE, SCA´RIOUS (_scariosus_, from _scaria_, a thorny shrub), thin,
dry, membranaceous; applied to a shriveled membrane.

SCIS´SILE (_scissilis_, to cleave), capable of being easily split or
cleft; said of gills which can easily be split into two plates.

SCLERIT´IC, SCLE´ROID, SCLE´ROSE, SCLE´ROSED (_Gr_—hard, rough, harsh),
having a hard texture.

SCLERO´TIOID (_Gr_—hard, + resemblance), in the form of a sclerotium; a
form assumed by the mycelium of certain fungi.

SCLERO´TIUM (pl. SCLEROTIA) (_Gr_—hard), hard, black, compact, mostly
tuber-like body, which is the resting stage of certain fungi, as in
Peziza tuberosa; it remains dormant for a time and then sends up
shoots, which develop into sporophores at the expense of the reserve
material.

SCROBIC´ULATE (_scrobiculatus_, < _scrobiculus_, dim. of _scrobis_, a
trench), marked with small pits; furrowed.

SCRUPOSE, rough with small irregular prominences.

SCU´TELLATE (_scutellatus_, < _scutella_, a salver, dish), shaped like a
plate or platter.

SECTION, a cutting, cutting off, excision, amputation, etc.

SEMI-, prefix meaning “half” or “partial.”

SEP´ARABLE (_separabilis_, that can be separated, < _separare_,
separate), capable of being detached.

SEP´ARATING, becoming detached, as lamellæ from the stem, or resupinate
fungi from the matrix.

SE´PIA, a deep, dark-brown color, with a little red in its composition.
The pigment called sepia is a carbonaceous matter, prepared from the
natural ink of a species of cuttle-fish.

SEP´TATE (_septum_, a fence), having partitions.

SEP´TUM (pl. SEPTA) (_septum_, a fence), partition.

SE´RIATE (_seriatus_, pp. of _seriare_, arrange in a series), arranged
in rows.

SERIC´EOUS (_sericum_, silk), silky.

SER´RATE (_serratus_, saw-shaped), having marginal teeth shaped like saw
teeth.

SER´RULATE (_serrulatus_, < _serrula_, dim. of _serra_, a saw), minutely
serrate.

SES´SILE (_sessilis_, < _sessus_, pp. _sedere_, sit), attached by the
base; having no stem or support.

SE´TA (pl. SE´TÆ) (_seta_, a bristle), a stiff-bristle-like hair.

SETA´CEOUS, SETIG´EROUS, SE´TOSE (_seta_, bristle), beset with bristles.

SE´TOSE (_setosus_, abounding in bristles), bristly.

SET´ULOSE (_setula_ + _ose_), finely setose; covered with setules.

SIG´MOID (_Gr_—of the shape of a sigma), said of an elongated spore
having the ends bent slightly in opposite directions; S-shaped.

SIMPLE, in botany not formed by a union of similar parts or groups of
parts; a simple stem or trunk is one not divided at the base.

SIN´UATE, SIN´UOSE, SIN´UOUS (_sinuatus_, pp. _sinuare_, < _sinus_, a
curve), waved; serpentine; applied to an edge the outline of which is
alternately concave and convex; a sinuate lamella has a sudden wave or
sinus in its edge near the stem.

SI´NUS (_sinus_, the fold of a garment, a curve, hollow), a rounded
inward curve between two projecting lobes.

SLATE-COLOR (_schistaceus_), a dark gray or blackish gray color, less
bluish in tint than plumbeous or lead color.

SMOKE-GRAY (_fumidio-canus_). (Black + white + raw umber.)

SMOOTH, glabrous; applied to a surface which is destitute of hairs; a
surface may be uneven and yet smooth.

SOR´DID (_sordidus_, dirty, filthy, mean, < _sordere_, be dirty), of a
dingy, dirty hue.

SPADIC´EOUS (_spadiceus_, < _spadix_, a palm branch), date-brown, duller
and darker than bay-brown.

SPATH´ULATE, SPAT´ULATE (_spathula_, dim. of _spatha_, a broad, flat
instrument for stirring liquids), shaped like a spathula or spoon;
oblong or rounded and flattened at the top with a long, narrow,
attenuate base.

SPE´CIES, an individual, or collectively those individuals which differ
specifically from all other members of a genus and which do not differ
from each other except within narrow limits of variability, and which
produce by propagation other individuals of the same kind.

SPECIF´IC (_species_, kind, + _ficus_, < _facere_, make), of, pertaining
to, constituting, peculiar to, characteristic of, designating species
or a species; not generic, not of wider application than to a species.

SPHAG´NUM (_Gr_—a kind of moss), peat or bog moss.

SPHER´ICAL, SPHE´ROID, of the shape of a ball or globe or nearly so.

SPIC´ULAR, SPIC´ULATE, SPIC´ULOUS (_spicule_ + ar), covered with
spicules.

SPIC´ULE (_spicula_, a little sharp point), in Hymenomycetes one of the
small projections on the basidia which bear the spores.

SPIN´ULE (_spinula_, dim. of _spina_, a thorn), a small spine or
prickle.

SPORAN´GIOPHORE (sporangium + _Gr_—bear), special mycelial branch
bearing a sporangium.

SPORAN´GIUM (pl. SPORANGIA) (_spora_, a spore, + _Gr_—vessels), sac
producing spores endogenously.

SPORE (_Gr_—a sowing, seed time, seed, etc.), the reproductive body of
cryptogams analogous to the seed of phenogams; the terms spores,
sporidia, sporules and conidia have been applied somewhat
indiscriminately to all spore bodies.

SPORIDIF´ERA, a class of fungi in which the spores are enclosed in asci.

SPORIDIF´EROUS, SPORIDIIF´EROUS (_sporidium_, + _ferre_, bear), bearing
sporidia; applied to a fungus of the class Sporidifera.

SPORID´IUM (pl. SPORID´IA) (dim. of _Gr_—spore), an ascospore or
endospore. See SPORE.

SPORIF´ERA, a class of fungi in which the spores are free, naked or soon
exposed.

SPORIF´EROUS (_spora_, spore + _ferre_, bear), bearing spores; applied
to a fungus of the class Sporifera.

SPO´ROCARP (_spora_, spore, + _Gr_—fruit), in Ascomycetes the entire
fruit, composed of the ascophore and the asci.

SPOROG´ENOUS (_spora_, spore, + _Gr_—producing), producing spores.

SPO´ROPHORE (_spora_, spore), branch or portion of thallus which bears
spores or spore-mother-cells; said to be simple or filamentous when
consisting of a single hypha or branch of a hypha; compound, when
formed by the cohesion of the ramifications of separate hyphal
branches (the common mushroom is a compound sporophore.)

SPORT, an animal or plant, or any part of one that varies suddenly or
singularly from the normal type of structure, and is usually of
transient character or not perpetuated; not so much deformed as
“monster.”

SPO´RULE, see under SPORE.

SQUA´MA (pl. SQUA´MÆ) (_squama_, a scale), a scale or scale-like
appendage.

SQUA´MOSE, SQUA´MOUS (_squamosus_, < _squama_, a scale), covered with
appressed scales; scale-like.

SQUAM´ULA, SQUAM´ULE (dim. of _squama_, a scale), a small squama.

SQUAM´ULOSE (_squamulosus_, < _squamula_, dim. of _squama_, a scale),
covered with small scales.

SQUAR´ROSE (_squarrosus_, scaly), rough with scales; roughened with
projecting points.

STALK, stipe; any stem-like supporting organ.

STEL´LATE (_stellatus_, pp. of _stellare_, set or cover with stars, <
_stella_, star), star-shaped.

STERIG´MA (pl. STERIGMATA) (_Gr_— a prop, support), stalk-like branch of
a basidium bearing a spore.

STER´ILE, not fertile; producing no spores.

STIPE (_L._—a stock, trunk, post, etc.), stalk of a mushroom.

STIP´ITATE (_stipitatus_, < _stipes_, a stalk), stemmed, elevated on a
stipe.

STO´MA (pl. STO´MATA) (_Gr_—the mouth, opening, entrance, out-let,
etc.), a mouth or aperture; little orifices in the epidermis of
leaves, etc., opening into air cavities or intercellular spaces.

STRAIGHT, applied to margin of pileus when not involute.

STRAMIN´EOUS (_stramineus_, made of straw, < _stramen_, straw),
straw-colored.

STRA´TOSE (_stratum_, a layer), arranged in distinct layers or strata.

STRA´TUM (pl. STRA´TA) (_L._—coverlet, bed, pavement, etc.), a layer.

STRAW-COLOR, STRAW-YELLOW (_stramineus_), a very light impure yellow,
like cured straw.

STRI´A (pl. STRI´Æ) (_stria_, a channel, furrow, hollow), parallel or
radiating lines or markings.

STRI´ATE (_striatus_, pp. of _striare_, < _stria_, a channel, flute of a
column), marked with striæ.

STRI´GOSE (_strigosus_, < _striga_, a swath), rough with stiff hairs.

STROBIL´IFORM (_strobilus_ + _forma_, form), resembling a pine cone.

STRO´MA (pl. STRO´MATA) (_stroma_, a covering, coverlet), a mass in
which another object is imbedded; a compact mass of mycelium in the
form of a cushion, crust, club or branched expansion upon or in which
perithecia or other organs of fructification are borne.

STUFFED, of a stem filled with material of a different texture from its
walls.

SUB- (sub, under, before, near), prefixed signifies “somewhat,” “almost”
or “under.”

SU´BERIZED (_suber_, cork, + ized), transformed into suberin or cork.

SUB-EROSE´ (_sub_, under, + _erosus_, pp. of _erodere_, gnaw off or
away, consume), slightly erose; appearing as if eaten or gnawed on the
margin.

SU´BEROSE (_suber_, cork), corky.

SUBGLE´BA (_sub_, under; _gleba_, a clod), basal portion of the gleba.

SUBIC´ULUM (_subiculum_, an under layer), a more or less thin and dense
felt of hyphæ covering the matrix; upon its surface is spread the
hymenium, or from it arise stalks supporting sporophores.

SUBSTRA´TUM (_substratum_, neut. of _substratus_, spread under),
sometimes used in the sense of matrix.

SUBTERRA´NEAN, under ground.

SU´BULATE, SU´BULIFORM (_subulatus_, < _subula_, an awl, < _suere_,
sew), awl-shaped.

SUC´CULENT (_succulentus_, full of juice, sappy, < _succus_, prop.
_sucus_, juice), fleshy, juicy.

SUL´CATE (_sulcatus_, pp. _sulcare_, < _sulcus_, a furrow), marked with
furrows; grooved.

SUL´CUS (pl. SUL´CI) (_sulcus_, a furrow, trench), groove or furrow.

SULPHU´REOUS, SULFU´REOUS (_sulfureus_, _sulphureus_, of or like
sulphur, < _sulfur_, sulphur), sulphur-colored.

SULPHUR YELLOW (_sulphureus_), a very pale pure yellow color, less
orange in tint than dilute gamboge or lemon yellow.

SUPER-, SUPRA- (_super_, over, above, beyond), prefix meaning “above” in
position or degree.

SUPERFIC´IAL (_superficialis_, of or pertaining to the surface, situated
on or close to the surface.

SUPE´RIOR (_superus_, < _super_, above), the upper surface; or applied
to a ring when it is near the apex of the stem.

SUPRAVENAL (_super_, over, above; _vena_, vein), situated or occurring
above veins.

SYM´BION, SYM´BIONT (_Gr_—live together with), an organism which lives
in a state of symbiosis.

SYMBIO´SIS (_Gr_—a living together), the co-existence in more or less
mutual interdependence of two different organisms; mutualism; mutual
parasitism; commensalism; consortism; with some authors commensalism
implies an association less necessary or mutually helpful than
symbiosis.

SYMBIOT´IC, living in that kind of consociation called symbiosis.

SYN´ONYM (_Gr_—a word having the same name with another), a discarded
name for a species or genus; either of two or more names for the same
species or genus.

SYNON´YMOUS, expressing the same idea; equivalent in meaning; having the
character of a synonym.

TAPE´SIUM (_tapesium_, tapestry, carpet), a carpet or layer of mycelium
on which the receptacle is situated.

TAWNY (_fulvus_, _fulvescens_, _alutaceus_), the color of tanned
leather. (Nearly synonymous with fulvous.) (Neutral orange + raw
sienna.)

TAWNY OCHRACEOUS (_fulvo-ochraceus_). (Yellow ocher + burnt sienna + raw
umber.)

TAWNY OLIVE (_fulvo-olivaceus_). (Yellow ocher + raw umber.)

TENA´CEOUS (_tenax_ (_tenac-_), holding fast, < _tenere_, hold), tough.

TE´RETE (_teret_, round, smooth), cylindrical or nearly so, having a
circular, transverse section; top-shaped.

TERRES´TRIAL (_terrestris_, of or belonging to the earth + al), growing
on the ground.

TES´SELATED (_tessellatus_, made of small square stones, checkered +
ed), arranged in small squares; checkered or reticulated in a regular
manner.

TESTA´CEOUS (_testaceus_, consisting of tiles or sherds, < _testa_,
tile, shell), same as brick-red.

TETAN´IC (_tetanicus_, affected with tetanus), pertaining to or
characterized by tetanus; tetanic spasm; tonic spasm of the voluntary
muscles as seen in tetanus, strychnic poisoning, etc.

TETRA- (_quatuor_, four), prefix signifying “four.”

TET´RASPORE (_Gr_—four, + seed), four spores forming one.

THALA´MIUM (_Gr_—inner chamber, bedroom, bed), synonym for hymenium.

THAL´LOGEN (_Gr_—a young shoot, + _Gr_—producing), same as thallophyte.

THAL´LOPHYTE (_Gr_—a young shoot, + _Gr_—a plant), one of the so-called
“lower cryptogams,” plants in which the vegetative body usually
consists of a thallus.

THAL´LUS (_Gr_—a young shoot or twig), a vegetative body which is not
differentiated into a true root, stem and leaf, has no true vessels or
woody fiber; in fungi it is the whole body of the plant not serving
directly as an organ of reproduction, _i. e._: mycelium, if any, and
sporophore but not including the hymenial layer.

THE´CA (_Gr_—a case, box, receptacle, + put, place), a sac or case,
generally used in the sense of capsule.

THE´CASPORE, the spore thus enclosed by the wall of the sac; an
ascospore.

TIS´SUE (_texere_, weave), the cellular fabric out of which plant
structures are built up.

TOAD´STOOL (toad + stool), a general name applicable to any form of
visible fungus; usually applied to fleshy fungi as distinguished from
the molds, smuts, etc. Mushroom is a name given to a few species of
toadstools known to commerce, and wrongly to other edible species, of
which there are many.

TOMEN´TOSE, TOMENTOUS (_tomentum_, wool, etc.), densely pubescent with
matted wool or tomentum.

TOMEN´TUM (_tomentum_, a stuffing of wool, hair, feathers, etc.), a
species of pubescence consisting of longish, soft, entangled hairs
pressed close to the surface.

TORN, said of pores which are superficially rough and jagged as if torn.

TO´ROSE, TOR´ULOSE (_torosus_, full of muscle or flesh, < _torus_, a
bulging, protuberance), swollen at intervals.

TOR´SION (_torquere_, pp. _tortus_, twist, wring), the state of being
twisted spirally.

TOR´SIVE (_torsus_, pp. _torquere_, twist), spirally twisted.

TOR´TUOUS, bending or turning in various directions.

TOX´IC (_toxicum_, poison), poisonous.

TRA´MA (_trama_, the weft or filling of a web), the substance proceeding
from the hymenophore, between the plates of (central in) the gills in
Agarics, and between the double membranes of which the dissepiments of
the pores are composed in Polyporei; the hyphal plates forming the
walls of the chambers of the gleba, in Gasteromycetes.

TRANSLU´CENT (_translucen(t)s_, ppr. of _translucere_, shine across or
through, < _trans_, over, + _lucere_, shine), transmitting rays of
light without being transparent.

TRANS´VERSE (_transversus_, lying across), from side to side.

TREM´ELLOID, TREM´ELLOSE (_tremo_, to tremble), of a gelatinous or
jelly-like consistency; resembling Tremella.

TRI- (_tri_, three), prefix signifying “three.”

TRI´FID (_trifidus_, < _tres_ (_tri-_) three, + _findere_, cleave),
divided half way into three parts by linear sinuses with straight
margins; three-cleft.

TRIQUET´ROUS (_triquetrus_, three-cornered, triangular), having three
acute angles with concave faces; triangular; applied to the vertical
radial section of some dimidiate pilei; three-edged.

TRUN´CATE (_truncatus_, pp. _truncare_, cut off), ending abruptly as if
cut short; cut squarely off.

TU´BÆFORM, TU´BIFORM (_tuba_, a tube; _forma_, form), trumpet-shaped,
tubular.

TUBE, TU´BULE (_tubus_, a pipe, tube), in polypores, tube lined with
hymenium; same as pore.

TU´BER (_tuber_, a bump, swelling, knob on plant, etc.), fleshy body,
usually of a rounded or oblong form, produced on underground stems, as
the potato or artichoke; a genus of underground fungi.

TU´BERCLE (_tuberculum_, dim. of _tuber_, a swelling), a small,
wart-like excrescence; a small swelling.

TUBER´CULAR, TUBER´CULATE, TUBER´CULOSE (_tuberculum_, tubercle), having
or covered with tubercles; formed like or forming a tubercle.

TUBER´CULIFORM (_tuberculum_, tubercle, + _forma_, form), shaped like a
tubercle.

TU´BEROUS (_tuberosus_, full of lumps or protuberances, < _tuber_, a
knob, lump), rounded and swollen; resembling a tuber.

TU´BULAR (_tubulus_, a small pipe), hollow and cylindrical.

TU´BULUS (pl. TUBULI) (_tubules_, tube), same as tube; pore.

TU´MID (_tumidus_, swollen, swelling, < _tumere_, swell), swollen,
slightly inflated.

TUR´BINATE (_turbinatus_, shaped like a top or cone), top-shaped; shape
of an inverted cone.

TUR´GID (_turgidus_, swollen, < _turgere_, swell out), thickened as if
swollen; distended with liquid.

TUR´GOR (_turgere_, swell), the state of being turgid; a state of
distension and tension of plant cells and parts by reason of their
fullness of liquid.

TYPE, a perfect specimen or individual exemplifying the essential
characters of the species to which it belongs; the original specimen
from which a species was described.

TYP´ICAL, agreeing closely with the characters assigned to a group or
species.

ULIG´INOSE, ULIG´INOUS (_uliginosus_, full of moisture, damp, < _uligo_,
moisture, marshiness), growing in marshes or swamps.

UL´TIMATE (_ultimatus_, farthest, last, pp. of _ultimare_, come to an
end, < _ultimus_, last, finish), farthest, last.

UM´BER, UM´BRINOUS (_umbra_, shade, shadow), the color of the pigment
called raw umber.

UMBIL´ICATE (_umbilicatus_, < _umbilicus_, navel), with a central
depression or rounded pit; having a navel-like depression.

UMBILI´CUS (_umbilicus_, navel), a navel-like depression.

UMBO (boss of a shield), applied to the central elevation of the cap of
some mushrooms.

UM´BONATE (_umbonatus_, < _umbo_, the boss of a shield), with a central
boss-like elevation.

UN´CINATE (_uncinatus_, < _uncinus_, a hook), hooked; forming a hook.

UN´DULATE, UN´DATE (_undatus_, pp. of _undare_, rise in waves, < _unda_,
a wave), having the surface near the margin alternately concave and
convex; waved.

UNE´QUAL, applied to gills when of unequal lengths; to a stem not of
uniform thickness.

UNE´VEN, said of surfaces that are irregular, striate, sulcate, etc.

UN´GULATE, UN´GULOUS (_ungulatus_, having claws or hoofs, < _ungula_,
claw, talon, hoof), hoof-shaped.

UNI-, prefix signifying “one.”

UNICOL´OROUS (_unicolor_, having one color, + ous), of a uniform color;
of the same color.

UNISE´RIATE (_unus_, one, + _series_, series), arranged in one row.

UNIVER´SAL (_universus_, whole), said of the veil or volva which
entirely envelopes the fungus when young.

UNSEP´TATE (_un_, not; _septum_, a fence), having no partitions.

UR´CEOLATE (_urceolus_, a little pitcher, + ate), shaped like a pitcher
with a contracted mouth.

U´TERUS (_uterus_, the womb, belly), same as peridium in Gastromycetes.

U´TRICLE (_utriculus_, a little leather bag or bottle, etc.), any thin
bladder-like or bottle-like body.

VAC´UOLATE, VAC´UOLATED (_vacuole_ + ate), provided with vacuoles.

VAC´UOLE (_vacuolum_, dim. of _vacuum_, an empty space), a cavity of
greater or less size within the protoplasmic mass of active vegetable
cells filled with water or cell-sap, as it is called.

VAG´INATE (_vagina_, a sheath), furnished with or contained in a sheath;
sheathed.

VAGUE, indefinite, indistinct.

VANDYKE BROWN, a rich deep brown, very similar to burnt umber, but
rather less reddish.

VA´RIABLE (_variabilis_, changeable, < _variare_, change), said of a
species which embraces many individuals which depart more or less from
the type of the group.

VA´RIEGATED, marked with different colors; mottled; same as
PAPILIONACEOUS.

VARI´ETY, a subdivision of a species with minor characteristics
uniformly varying from the type; an incipient species.

VAS´CULAR (_vasculum_, a small vessel), consisting of, relating to or
furnished with vessels or ducts.

VAUL´TED, arched like the roof of the mouth.

VEIL, VE´LUM (_velum_, a veil), a covering of various texture more or
less completely enwrapping a fungus; occurring chiefly among the
Agaricini; _partial or marginal veil_, a special envelope extending
from the margin of the pileus to the stem enclosing the gills;
_universal veil or volva_, a special envelope enclosing the entire
plant in the young state, either concrete with the cuticle of the
pileus as in Lepiota or discrete as in Amanita, ultimately ruptured by
the expanding pileus, a membranaceous or fibrous or granulose coating
stretched over the mouth of an apothecium or cup soon breaking into
fragments.

VEINS, swollen wrinkles on the sides of, and at the base between the
gills, often connected to form cross partitions, (b) so-called, the
rounded, obtuse-edged gills found upon Cantharellus, Craterellus, (c)
the vein-like protuberances upon the surface of some fungi.

VEL´IFORM, VELAMEN´TOUS (_velum_, covering; _forma_, form), resembling
or serving as a veil; of a thin veil-like covering.

VE´LUM, veil.

VELU´TINE, VELU´TINOUS (_velutum_, velvet, + ine), velvety.

VE´NATE, VEINED, VE´NOSE, VE´NOUS (_vena_, vein, artery), intersected by
swollen wrinkles below and on the sides.

VEN´TRAL (_ventralis_, of or pertaining to the belly, stomach, <
_venter_, belly, stomach), applied to the under side of pileus;
opposite to “dorsal.”

VEN´TRICOSE (_venter_, the belly), swollen in the middle; bellied.

VERMIC´ULAR, VERMIC´ULATE (_vermiculus_, a worm), worm-shaped.

VERMILION (_cinnabarinus_, _cinnabarino-ruber_), a very fine red color,
lighter and less rosy than carmine, and not so pure or rich as
scarlet.

VER´NAL (_vernalis_, of the spring, vernal, < _ver_, spring), of or
pertaining to the spring.

VER´NICOSE (_vernix_, varnish), appearing as if varnished.

VERRU´CA (pl. VERRU´CÆ) (_verruca_, a wart, steep place or height),
wart.

VER´RUCOSE (_verrucosus_, full of warts), covered with warts or
glandular elevations.

VERRU´CIFORM (_verruca_, a wart, + _forma_, form), warty, resembling a
wart in appearance.

VERRU´CULOSE (_verrucula_, a little eminence, a little wart, dim. of
_verruca_, a wart, + ose), minutely verrucose.

VER´TEX (_vertex_, vortex (_tic-_), a whirl, eddy, highest point, etc.),
the upper extremity.

VERTICIL´LATE (_verticillus_, a whirl), whorled.

VES´CICLE (_vesicula_, a little blister, a vesicle, dim. of < _vesica_,
bladder, blister), a minute bladder-like cell or cavity.

VESIC´ULAR, VESI´CULATE, VESIC´ULOSE, VESIC´ULOUS (_vesicula_,
vescicle), composed of or like vescicles.

VIL´LOSE, VIL´LOUS (_villosus_, < _villus_, a tuft of hair), downy with
soft weak hairs.

VINA´CEOUS, a brownish-pink or delicate brownish-purple color like wine
dregs; a soft, delicate wine-colored pink or purple.

VINA´CEOUS-BUFF (_vinaceo-luteus_). (Indian-red + yellow ocher + white.)

VINA´CEOUS-CINNAMON (_vinaceo-cinnamomeus_). (Burnt umber + burnt sienna
+ white.)

VINA´CEOUS-PINK (_vinaceo-caryophyllaceus_). (Madder-carmine + light-red
+ white.)

VINA´CEOUS-RU´FOUS (_vinaceo-rufus_). (Indian-red + light-red + white.)

VI´NOUS (_vinosus_, < _vinum_, wine), wine-colored; vinaceous.

VIOLET, VIOLA´CEOUS, a purplish-blue color, like the petals of a violet.
(Aniline-violet or mauve.)

VIRES´CENT (_virescere_, grow green, greenish), green or becoming green.

VIR´GATE (_virgatus_, < _virga_, a twig, rod), streaked; having an
erect, slender shape like a rod.

VIRIDES´CENT (_viridescens_, ppr. of _viridescere_, be green, <
_viridis_, green), slightly green; greenish.

VIS´CID (_viscum_, bird-lime, anything sticky), moist and sticky,
glutinous, clammy, adhesive; covered with a shiny liquid which adheres
to the fingers when touched.

VIS´COSE, VIS´COUS (_viscosus_, < _viscum_, bird-lime), glutinous,
clammy, adhesive.

VITEL´LINE (_vitellus_, yolk of egg, + ine), egg-yellow color; luteous.

VOLUTE´ (_voluta_, a spiral scroll), rolled up in any direction.

VOL´VA (_volva_, a wrapper), wrapper; same as universal veil; the name
is often applied to that portion of a discrete volva which is left
after rupturing, either attached in fragments to, or forming a
distinct membranous sheath about, the base of the stem, the peridium
in phalloids analogous to the volva in Amanitæ.

VOL´VIFORM (_volva_, wrapper, + _forma_, form), having the form of a
volva.

WART (_verruca_, wart, excrescence), a wart-like excrescence found on
the pileus of some mushrooms; the remains of the volva in form of
irregular or polygonal excrescences, more or less adherent, numerous
and persistent.

WAVED, WA´VY. See UNDULATE.

WAX-YELLOW (_ceraceus_), a deep but dull yellow, resembling the color of
fresh bees' wax.

WHORLED, having parts arranged in a circle around an axis; verticillate.

WINE-PURPLE (_vinaceo-purpureus_), a clear reddish-purple of a slightly
brownish cast.

WOOD-BROWN, a light brown color like some varieties of wood. (Raw umber
+ burnt sienna + white.)

YELLOW-OCHER, a bright yellowish-ochraceous or ocher-yellow color.

ZO´NATE, ZONED (_zona_, a zone or girdle), marked with concentric bands
of color.

ZONES (_zona_, a zone or girdle), circular bands of color.

INDEX TO GENERA

Acetabularia, 268 Agaricus, 331 Aldridgea, 506 Amanita (introduction), Amanita, 2 Amanitopsis, 28 Anellaria, 388 Apyrenium, 527 Armillaria, 52 Astræus, 578 Auricularia, 526

Batarrea, 577 Bolbitius, 302 Boletinus, 396, 398 Boletus, 396, 404 Bovista, 579, 610 Bovistella, 578, 608

Caldesiella, 492 Calocera, 527 Calvatia, 578, 582 Cantharellus, 214 Catastoma, 579, 609 Chitonia, 330 Cladoderris, 507 Clathrus, 571 Claudopus, 266 Clavaria, 511, 513 Clitocybe, 83 Clitopilus, 254 Collybia, 112 Coniophora, 506 Coprinus, 368 Corticium, 507 Cortinarius, 306 Craterellus, 507, 508 Crepidotus, 304 Cyclomyces, 398 Cyphella, 507

Dacryomyces, 527 Dacryopsis, 527 Dædalea, 397 Deconica, 367 Ditiola, 527

Eccilia, 265 Entoloma, 250 Exidia, 526 Exobasidium, 507

Favolus, 398 Fistulina, 397, 477 Flammula, 287 Fomes, 397

Galera, 299 Geaster, 578, 580 Geoglossum, 535, 550 Gomphidius, 392 Grandinia, 493 Guepinia, 527 Gyrocephalus, 527 Gyromitra, 535, 546

Hebeloma, 283 Heliomyces, 228 Helvella, 534, 536 Hexagonia, 398 Hiatula, 132 Hirneola, 526, 528 Hydnum, 492, 494 Hygrophorus, 147 Hymenochæte, 507 Hypholoma, 352 Hypomyces, 561

Inocybe, 281 Irpex, 493, 504

Kneiffia, 493

Laccaria (described), 107 Lactarius, 161 Laterna, 571 Lentinus, 228 Lenzites, 238 Leotia, 535, 540 Lepiota, 33 Leptonia, 263 Lycoperdon, 578, 589

Marasmius, 221 Merulius, 398, 490 Mitremyces, 578 Mitrula, 535, 548 Montagnites, 395 Morchella, 535, 541 Mucronella, 493 Mucronoporus, 397 Mutinus, 570, 575 Mycena, 124 Mycenastrum, 579, 613 Myrisotoma, 577

Næmatelia, 527 Naucoria, 294 Nolanea, 264 Nyctalis, 220

Odontia, 493 Omphalia, 132

Panæolus, 384 Panus, 232 Paxillus, 326 Peniophora, 507 Peziza, 552 Phallus, 570, 571 Phlebia, 493 Pholiota, 269 Pilosace, 348 Pistillaria, 511 Pleurotus, 135 Pluteolus, 282 Pluteus, 243 Polyplocium, 577 Polyporus, 397, 479 Polysaccum, 618 Polystictus, 397 Poria, 397 Porothelium, 493 Psathyra, 367 Psathyrella, 389 Psilocybe, 365 Pterula, 511

Radulum, 493 Russula, 185

Schizophyllum, 238 Scleroderma, 615 Simblum, 571 Sistotrema, 493 Solenia, 507 Soppittiella, 506 Sparassis, 511, 512 Spathularia, 535, 549 Stereum, 507 Strobilomyces, 397, 475 Stropharia, 348

Thelephora, 506 Trametes, 397 Tremella, 527, 529 Tremellodon, 527, 533 Tricholoma, 59 Trogia, 237 Tubaria, 293 Tuberaceæ, 565 Tylostoma, 578, 582 Typhula, 511

Ulocolla, 526

Verpa, 535, 539 Volvaria, 239

Xerotus, 237

INDEX TO SPECIES

abortivus (Clitopilus), 257 abortive form (Clitopilus), 257 abrupta (Amanita), 23 abruptus (Agaricus), 343 acervata (Collybia), 122 acetabulum (Peziza), 553 achimenes (Agaricus), 340 acuminatum (Lycoperdon), 607 acutesquamosa (Lepiota), 40 adiposa (Pholiota), 276 admirabilis (Pluteus), 248 var. fuscus (Pluteus), 248 adnata (Amanitopsis), 30 adusta (Russula), 188 æruginosa (Stropharia), 349 æstivalis (Boletus), 449 æstivum (Tuber), 566 affinis (Boletus), 448 var. maculosus, 449 agglutinata (Amanitopsis), 32 aggregatum (Hypholoma), 361 albella (Russula), 194 albellum (Tricholoma), 77 albellus (Boletus), 464 albida (Tremella), 531 albido-tomentosus (Panus), 235 albidum (Hydnum), 499 alboater (Boletus), 460 albo-griseus (Clitopilus), 259 albo-nigrum (Hydnum), 498 albo-violaceus (Cortinarius), 316 album (Tricholoma), 79 albus (Boletus), 415 aliena (Flammula), 288 alliaceus (Marasmius), 227 alligatus (Polyporus), 488 alluvina (Lepiota), 43 alnicola (Flammula), 290 alutacea (Russula), 207 alutaceus (Boletus), 426 alutarius (Boletus), 468 alveolatus (Boletus), 455 Americana (Lepiota), 48 Americanus (Boletus), 413 amethystina (Clavaria), 516 amethystina (Clitocybe), 107 Ananas (Boletus), 473 anax (Polyporus), 482 angusticeps (Morchella), 544 annulatus (Cortinarius), 319 appendiculata (Armillaria), 54 appendiculatum (Hypholoma), 363 var. lanatum, 363 appendiculatus (Boletinus), 400 aquifluus (Lactarius), 176 var. brevissimus, 177 argenteus (Agaricus), 339 armillatus (Cortinarius), 323 arvensis (Agaricus), 341 asper (Cortinarius), 317 aspera (Amanita), 23 asterospermum (Lycoperdon), 594 atomata (Psathyrella), 390 atramentarius (Coprinus), 373 atropurpurea (Russula), 206 atropurpureum (Lycoperdon), 593 var. hirtellum, 593 var. stellare, 593 atro-tomentosus (Paxillus), 329 aurantia (Peziza), 557 aurantiacus (Cantharellus), 216 var. pallidus, 217 aurantio-cinnabarino (Clavaria), 523 aurata (Russula), 206 aurea (Clavaria), 520 var. rufescens, 520 auricula-Judea (Hirneola), 528 auriflammeus (Boletus), 423 auripes (Boletus), 450 auriporus (Boletus), 426 autumnalis (Cortinarius), 319

badia (Peziza), 554 badiceps (Boletus), 436 badius (Boletus), 418 basifurcata (Russula), 205 Berkeleyi (Polyporus), 484 Betula (Boletus), 437 betulinus (Panus), 235 betulinus (Polyporus), 488 bicolor (Boletus), 425 bispora (Morchella), 544 var. truncata, 544 blennius (Lactarius), 165 Boltoni (Bolbitius), 302 bombycina (Volvaria), 240 borealis (Boletinus), 403 borealis (Hygrophorus), 154 botrytes (Clavaria), 515 bovinus (Boletus), 419 bovinus (Mutinus), 575 bovista (Scleroderma), 616 brevipes (Boletus), 416 brevipes (Cantharellus), 219 brevipes (Russula), 189 brevipes (Tricholoma), 81 brevis (Mutinus), 576 brumalis (Clitocybe), 105 brunnea (Gyromitra), 547 butyracea (Collybia), 117

cælata (Calvatia), 585 cærulescens (Cortinarius), 311 Cæsarea (Amanita), 12 cæspitosus (Boletus), 434 cæspitosus (Clitopilus), 261 Californica (Helvella), 537 Californicum (Terfezia), 566 Californicus (Agaricus), 338 calopus (Boletus), 440 calopus (Marasmius), 226 calvescens (Lycoperdon), 605 calycina (Peziza), 560 calyptrata (Amanita), 26 calyptriforme (Lycoperdon), 603 campanella (Omphalia), 134 campanulatus (Panæolus), 386 campester (Agaricus), 332 var. albus, 332 var. griseus, 332 var. praticola, 332 var. umbrinus, 332 var. rufescens, 332 var. villaticus, 333 var. hortensis, 333 var. Buchani, 333 var. elongatus, 333 var. vaporarius, 333 camphoratus (Lactarius), 184 candicans (Clitocybe), 92 candida (Amanita), 20 Candolleanum (Hypholoma), 363 caninus (Mutinus), 575 cantharellus (Craterellus), 508 cantharellus (Hygrophorus), 156 var. flava, 156 var. flavipes, 156 var. flaviceps, 156 var. Rosea, 156 caperata (Pholiota), 270 capnoides (Hypholoma), 356 caput-Medusæ (Hydnum), 502 caput-ursi (Hydnum), 501 carneo-albus (Clitopilus), 258 carneo-grisea (Eccilia), 265 carneus (Irpex), 504 Caroliniana (Gyromitra), 547 castaneus (Boletus), 472 castaneus (Cortinarius), 325 catina (Clitocybe), 104 cavipes (Boletinus), 399 cepæsforme (Lycoperdon), 606 cepæstipes (Lepiota), 46 ceraceus (Hygrophorus), 155 cerodes (Naucoria), 295 cerussata (Clitocybe), 91 cervinus (Pluteus), 243 var. albus, 244 var. albipes, 244 var. viscosus, 244 var. Bullii (Pl. LXI, fig. 2, p. 242), 245 var. petasatus, 246 chamæolentina (Russula), 212 chelidonium (Lactarius), 172 chioneus (Polyporus), 488 chlorinosma (Amanita), 25 chlorocephala (Leotia), 540 chlorophanus (Hygrophorus), 160 chromapes (Boletus), 464 chrysenteroides (Tricholoma), 75 chrysenteron (Boletus), 431 chrysodon (Hygrophorus), 148 var. leucodon, 149 chrysophæus (Pluteus), 249 cibarius (Cantharellus), 215 cinnabarinus (Cortinarius), 320 var. 1, 321 cinnamoneus (Cortinarius), 322 var. semi-sanguineus, 323 cinerea (Clavaria), 517 circinans (Clavaria), 521 circinatus (Pleurotus), 140 circinatus (Polyporus), 480 var. proliferus, 480 circumscissum (Catastoma), 609 citrina (Amanita), 7 citrina (Russula), 203 clavata (Clavaria), 525 clavata (Spathularia), 549 clavatus (Craterellus), 509 clavipes (Clitocybe), 86 Clintonianus (Boletus), 410 clypeatum (Entoloma), 252 coccinea (Peziza), 559 coccineus (Hygrophorus), 156 cochleata (Peziza), 555 cochleatus (Lentinus), 231 collariata (Mycena), 130 collinitus (Boletus), 417 collinitus (Cortinarius), 313 coloratum (Lycoperdon), 607 columbetta (Tricholoma), 68 var. A, 69 var. B, 69 var. C, 69 comatus (Coprinus), 370 var. breviceps, 370 comitialis (Clitocybe), 88 compressipes (Clitocybe), 110 comptulus (Agaricus), 334 conchatus (Panus), 232 confluens (Collybia), 119 confluens (Polyporus), 484 congregatus (Coprinus), 379 conica (Morchella), 543 conicus (Boletus), 466 conicus (Hygrophorus), 160 conissans (Clitopilus), 261 connexa (Clitocybe), 97 constellatum (Lycoperdon), 592 controversus (Lactarius), 164 coralloides (Clavaria), 517 coralloides (Hydnum), 501 cornucopoides (Craterellus), 509 corrugis (Lactarius), 178 coryphæum (Tricholoma), 62 craniiformis (Calvatia), 586 crassipes (Boletus), 452 crassipes (Morchella), 543 crenulata (Amanita), 27 cretaceus (Agaricus), 344 crispa (Helvella), 536 var. alba, 536 var. Grevillei, 536 var. incarnata, 536 var. fulva, 536 crispa (Sparissis), 512 cristata (Clavaria), 518 cristata (Lepiota), 42 cristatus (Polyporus), 484 crustuliniforme (Hebeloma), 286 var. minor, 286 cupricum (Lycoperdon), 594 curtipes (Gyromitra), 547 Curtisii (Boletus), 442 Curtisii (Lycoperdon), (L. Wrightii, var. typicum), 601 cyanescens (Boletus), 471 cyanophæa (Clitocybe), 88 cyanoxantha (Russula), 198 cyathiformis (Calvatia), (L. cyathiforme), 584 cyathiformis (Clitocybe), 104 var. cinerascens, 105

dæmonum (Phallus), 572 daucipes (Amanita), 25 dealbata (Clitocybe), 93 decastes (Clitocybe), 94 deceptivus (Lactarius), 168 decipiens (Boletinus), 401 decolorans (Russula), 205 decorosum (Tricholoma), 67 decorus (Boletus), 450 deformis (Irpex), 505 delica (Russula), 190 delicata (Lepiota), 49 delicatum (Lycoperdon), 595 deliciosa (Morchella), 543 deliciosus (Lactarius), 170 deliquescens (Coprinus), 379 densa (Clavaria), 519 depallens (Russula), 192 dichotoma (Clavaria), 522 dichrous (Boletus), 417 dictyocephalus (Boletus), 428 digitaliformis (Verpa), 539 diminutivus (Agaricus), 335 discolor (Pholiota), 279 var. discolor minor, 280 dispersus (Hypholoma), 358 disseminata (Psathyrella), 391 distans (Cortinarius), 325 distans (Hygrophorus), 154 ditopa (Clitocybe), 109 domesticus (Coprinus), 381 dryinus (Pleurotus), 137 dryophila (Collybia), 120 dubius (Craterellus), 509 duplicatus (Phallus), 572 dura (Pholiota), 271 duriusculus (Boletus), 463

eburneus (Hygrophorus), 149 eccentricus (Boletus), 470 echinatum (Lycoperdon), 591 edulis (Boletus), 445 var. clavipes, 445 edulis, var. clavipes (Boletus), 446 edulis (Flammula), 289 elæodes (Hypholoma), 358 elastica (Helvella), 538 var. alba, 538 elata (Calvatia), 588 Elbensis (Boletus), 408 elegans (Boletus), 409 elegans (Lycoperdon), 596 elegans (Russula), 200 elongatum (Lycoperdon), 596 Elvensis (Agaricus), 338 emetica (Russula), 201 ephemerus (Coprinus), 382 epixanthum (Hypholoma), 357 equestre (Tricholoma), 61 var. pinastreti, 62 erinaceum (Hydnum), 502 erubescens (Hygrophorus), 150 erythrosporus (Clitopilus), 261 esculenta (Collybia), 120 esculenta (Gyromitra), 546 var. crispa, 546 esculenta (Morchella), 542 esculentoides (Collybia), 120 excelsa (Amanita), 17 excipuliforme (Lycoperdon), 599 excoriata (Lepiota), 36 eximium (Lycoperdon), 601 eximius (Boletus), 447

fabaceus (Agaricus), 341 farinaceus (Panus), 235 var. albido-tomentosus, 235 farinosa (Amanitopsis), 31 farinosa (Lepiota), 47 fascicularis (Hypholoma), 357 fastibile (Hebeloma), 284 var. alba, 285 var. elegans, 285 fastigiata (Clavaria), 516 felina (Lepiota), 41 felleus (Boletus), 469 var. obesus, 469 fennicum (Hydnum), 500 ferrugineum (Hydnum), 498 ferrugineus (Boletus), 443 fimbriata (Tremella), 530 fimetarius (Coprinus), 376 var. pullatus, 376 var. cinereus, 377 var. macrorhiza, 377 var. silvicola, 377 fimicola (Panæolus), 385 firma (Hepatica), 477 firmus (Boletus), 457 fistulosus (Boletus), 411 flaccida (Clavaria), 521 flaccida (Clitocybe), 103 flammans (Pholiota), 277 flava (Clavaria), 514 flava (Galera), 301 flavescens (Tricholoma), 67 flavida (Flammula), 291 flavida (Russula), 197 flavidus (Boletus), 413 flavo-brunneum (Tricholoma), 65 flavo-discus (Hygrophorus), 157 flavus (Boletus), 411 flexuosipes (Boletus), 443 floccopus (Strobilomyces), 476 floccosus (Cantharellus), 218 f[oe]doratus (Agaricus), 339 f[oe]tens (Russula), 199 var. granulata, 200 formosa (Clavaria), 520 fragilis (Bolbitius), 303 fragilis (Calvatia), 584 fragilis (Russula), 203 var. nivea, 204 fragrans (Boletus), 451 fragrans (Clitocybe), 110 fraternus (Boletus), 433 Friesii (Lepiota), 39 frondosus (Polyporus), 483 Frostiana (Amanita), 16 Frostii (Boletus), 458 Frostii (Lycoperdon), 591 frumentaceum (Tricholoma), 66 frustulosus (Boletus), 452 fuligineum (Tricholoma), 70 fuligineus (Hygrophorus), 158 fuliginosus (Lactarius), 174 fulvo-tomentosus (Crepidotus), 305 fulvus (Boletus), 465 fumescens (Tricholoma), 72 fumidellum (Tricholoma), 78 fumosa (Clitocybe), 97 var. polius, 97 fumosipes (Boletus), 432 fumosus (Lactarius), 175 furcata (Russula), 191 furfurellus (Cortinarius), 325 fuscescens (Coprinus), 374 fusco-violaceus (Irpex), 505 fusiformis (Clavaria), 523 fuscipes (Clitocybe), 92 fusipes (Collybia), 116

galericulata (Mycena), 127 var. calopus, 128 var. longipes, 128 var. expansus, 128 gallinacea (Clitocybe), 94 gambosum (Tricholoma), 76 gangrænosa (Clitocybe), 86 var. nigrescens, 87 geaster (Scleroderma), 617 gelatinosum (Hydnum), 501 gelatinosum (Tremelledon), 533 gemmatum (Lycoperdon), 598 var. hirtum, 598 var. papillatum, 598 geotropa (Clitocybe), 102 Gerardii (Lactarius), 179 gigantea (Clitocybe), 98 gigantea (Calvatia), 583 giganteus (Polyporus), 485 gilva (Clitocybe), 101 glabellum (Lycoperdon), 595 glabellus (Boletus), 425 gloiocephala (Volvaria), 242 glutinosum (Geoglossum), 550 glutinosum (Hebeloma), 285 glutinosus (Gomphidius), 393 var. roseus, 393 glyciosmus (Lactarius), 175 gracilenta (Lepiota), 37 gracilis (Boletus), 467 var. lævipes, 467 gracilis (Psathyrella), 389 graciloides (Psathyrella), 390 grammopodium (Tricholoma), 80 grande (Entoloma), 251 grande (Tricholoma), 68 granularis (Pluteus), 247 granulatus (Boletus), 416 granulosa (Lepiota), 49 var. rufescens, 49 var. albida, 49 griseus (Boletus), 442

hæmatopa (Mycena), 130 hæmorrhoidarius (Agaricus), 336 hamadryas (Naucoria), 295 hemichrysus (Boletus), 421 var. mutabilis, 422 hepatica (Fistulina), 477 var. monstrosa, 478 Herbstii (Sparassis), 512 Herveyi (Clavaria), 517 heteroclitus (Polyporus), 486 heterophylla (Russula), 199 hiemalis (Calvatia), 585 hirtellus (Boletus), 414 hirtum (Lycoperdon), 592 hispida (Lepiota), 41 holosericea (Lepiota), 44 humile (Tricholoma), 81 hybrida (Flammula), 291 hygrometricus (Geaster), 580 hygrophoroides (Lactarius), 180 hypothejus (Hygrophorus), 151 hysginus (Lactarius), 166

ignoratus (Boletus), 419 illinita (Lepiota), 50 illudens (Boletus), 439 illudens (Clitocybe), 96 imbricatum (Hydnum), 495 imbricatum (Tricholoma), 73 immitis (Polyporus), 487 impolitus (Boletus), 449 impudicus (Phallus), 573 inæqualis (Clavaria), 523 incertum (Hypholoma), 362 indecisus (Boletus), 468 indigo (Lactarius), 171 inflexus (Boletus), 410 infula (Helvella), 538 infundibuliformis (Clitocybe), 100 innixus (Boletus), 427 insulsus (Lactarius), 165 integra (Russula), 204 intrusus (Cortinarius), 310 intumescens (Tremella), 532 intybaceus (Polyporus), 483 inversus (Clitocybe), 103 involutus (Lactarius), 170 involutus (Paxillus), 328 iodes (Cortinarius), 314 Isabellinus (Boletus), 472

laccata (Clitocybe), 107 var. pallidifolia, 107 var. striatula, 107 lachrymabundum (Hypholoma), 361 lactea (Russula), 194 lactifluorum (Hypomyces), 562 lacunosa (Helvella), 537 lævigatum (Hydnum), 495 lævis (Panus), 234 lagopus (Coprinus), 380 var. nemorum, 380 var. viarum, 380 laminosa (Sparassis), 512 latifolia (Mycena), 129 lateritia (Galera), 299 Lecomtei (Lentinus), 229 lenticularis (Amanita), 25 lenticularis (Lepiota), 50 leonis (Terfezia), 566 lepida (Russula), 195 lepideus (Lentinus), 230 lepista (Paxillus), 327 leporina (Peziza), 556 leprosus (Boletus), 448 leptocephalus (Boletus), 451 leucocephalum (Tricholoma), 78 leucomelas (Polyporus), 480 lignatilis (Pleurotus), 140 var. abscondens, 140 lignyotus (Lactarius), 177 var. tenuipes, 177 lilacinus (Cortinarius), 316 limacinus (Hygrophorus), 151 limatulus (Boletus), 450 Linnæi (Russula), 196 lividus (Paxillus), 327 longipes (Collybia), 115 lubrica (Leotia), 540 luridus (Boletus), 455 var. erythropus, 456 lutea (Russula), 211 luteofolia (Pholiota), 277 luteolus (Lactarius), 178 lutescens (Cantharellus), 218 lutescens (Tremella), 530 luteus (Boletus), 412

macropus (Peziza), 553 macrosporus (Coprinus), 374 maculata (Collybia), 116 var. immaculata, 117 maculatus (Polyporus), 486 magna (Flammula), 292 magnificus (Agaricus), 342 magnisporus (Boletus), 458 magnivelaris (Amanita), 10 mappa (Amanita), 10 marginata (Pholiota), 279 Mariæ (Russula), 209 maritimus (Agaricus), 337 mastoidea (Lepiota), 37 mastrucatus (Pleurotus), 146 maxima (Clitocybe), 99 media (Clitocybe), 87 mellea (Armillaria), 55 var. obscura, 56 var. flava, 56 var. glabra, 56 var. radicata, 56 var. bulbosa, 56 var. albida, 56 var. exannulata, 56 var. abortive form, 56 mesenterica (Tremella), 530 metachroa (Clitocybe), 109 metulæspora (Lepiota), 43 micaceus (Coprinus), 378 var. granularis, 378 micropus (Clitopilus), 259 miniato-olivaceus (Boletus), 424 var. sensibilis, 424 miniatus (Hygrophorus), 159 var. lutescens, 159 minor (Bovista), 612 minor (Cantharellus), 216 mitis (Boletus), 418 mitissimus (Lactarius), 181 modestus (Boletus), 442 molle (Lycoperdon), 602 monadelpha (Clitocybe), 89 Montana (Bovista), 611 monticulosa (Amanita), 25 morbifera (Clitocybe), 106 Morgani (Boletus), 437 Morgani (Lepiota), 37 mucida (Armillaria), 58 multiceps (Clitocybe), 95 Murrayi (Boletus), 472 muscaria (Amanita), 14 var. regalis, 14 var. formosa, 14 var. umbrina, 14 var. alba, 15 muscoides (Clavaria), 516 muscorum (Lycoperdon), 602 mussivum (Hebeloma), 283 mutabilis (Boletus), 435 mutabilis (Pholiota), 278 mutabilis (Lactarius), 183 mycetophila (Tremella), 531

nardosmia (Armillaria), 57 naucina (Lepiota), 44 naucinoides (Lepiota), 45 var. squamosa, 45 nauseosa (Russula), 211 nebularis (Clitocybe), 85 nebulosus (Boletus), 465 nidulans (Claudopus), 267 nigrellus (Boletus), 470 nigrescens (Bovista), 611 nigricans (Russula), 187 var. albonigra, 188 nitida (Amanita), 24 nitidus (Hygrophorous), 151 nivalis (Amanitopsis), 29 niveum (Tuckahoe), 565 (Terfezia leonis) niveus (Coprinus), 378 niveus (Hygrophorus), 153 nobilis (Bolbitius), 303 Noveboracensis (Clitopilus), 262 var. brevis, 262 nudum (Tricholoma), 80

obliquus (Irpex), 504 oblongisporum (Lycoperdon), 606 ochracea (Russula), 210 ochraceus (Cortinarius), 319 ochroleuca (Russula), 202 ochrophylla (Russula), 193 ochropurpurea (Clitocybe), 108 odora (Clitocybe), 90 odorata (Peziza), 558 Ohiensis (Bovistella), 608 olivacea (Russula), 197 oniscus (Omphalia), 133 onotica (Peziza), 556 opicum (Tricholoma), 75 orcella (Clitopilus), 256 oreades (Marasmius), 224 Oregonensis (Gomphidius), 393 ornatipes (Boletus), 440 ornella (Pholiota), 278 ostreatus (Pleurotus), 142 var. glandulosus, 143 var. euosmus, 143 ovatus (Coprinus), 372 ovinus (Polyporus), 479

pachyderma (Calvatia), 583 pachypus (Boletus), 441 pædidum (Tricholoma), 82 pallida (Fistulina), 478 pallidus (Boletus), 429 pallidus (Lactarius), 173 paluster (Boletinus), 401 pantherina (Amanita), 17 papilionaceus (Panæolus), 386 parabolica (Mycena), 128 parasiticus (Boletus), 427 parvus (Boletus), 459 pascuensis (Clitopilus), 256 Peckii (Boletus), 440 var. lævipes, 440 pectinata (Russula), 202 pediades (Naucoria), 296 pedicellatum (Lycoperdon), 600 pellitus (Pluteus), 247 penarius (Hygrophorus), 150 pergamenus (Lactarius), 167 perlatum (Lycoperdon), 599 peronatus (Marasmius), 223 perplexum (Hypholoma), 354 personatum (Tricholoma), 79 pessundatum (Tricholoma), 66 petaloides (Pleurotus), 144 phalloides (Amanita), 7 phyllophila (Clitocybe), 91 picaceus (Coprinus), 375 var. ebulbosus, 376 picipes (Polyporus), 481 pictus (Boletinus), 400 pila (Bovista), 610 pinophila (Clitocybe), 110 piperatum (Tricholoma), 76 piperatus (Boletus), 420 piperatus (Lactarius), 168 pisocarpium (Polysaccum), 618 pistillaris (Clavaria), 524 pithyophylla (Clitocybe), 91 placomyces (Agaricus), 345 platyphylla (Collybia), 114 var. repens, 115 platysperma (Naucoria), 297 plicatilis (Coprinus), 383 plumbea (Bovista), 612 plumbeus (Lactarius), 167 Pocono (Boletus), 474 pometi (Pleurotus), 142 ponderosa (Armillaria), 54 popinalis (Clitopilus), 258 poripes (Polyporus), 487 porosus (Boletinus), 402 var. opacus, 402 portentosum (Tricholoma), 64 præcox (Pholiota), 272 var. minor, 272 var. sylvestris, 272 praiicola (Amanita), 24 pratensis (Agaricus), 340 pratensis (Hygrophorus), 152 procera (Lepiota), 35 prolifera (Mycena), 126 prunuloides (Entoloma), 252 prunulus (Clitopilus), 255 abortive form (Pl. LXIII, p. 254), 256 pubescens (Amanitopsis), 32 pubescens (Pleurotus), 141 puellaris (Russula), 208 var. intensior, 208 var. roseipes, 208 pulcherrimum (Lycoperdon), 591 (L. Frostii) pulmonarius (Pleurotus), 146 punctata (Russula), 204 punctipes (Boletus), 415 puniceus (Hygrophorus), 159 purpurascens (Cortinarius), 311 var. subpurpurascens, 312 purpureus (Boletus), 456 purpureus (Hypomyces), 563 purpurina (Russula), 188 pusilla (Amanitopsis), 32 pusilla (Russula), 208 pusillum (Lycoperdon), 605 pyriforme (Lycoperdon), 603 pyxidata (Clavaria), 519

quietus (Lactarius), 173

rachodes (Lepiota), 35 var. puellaris, 36 radicans (Boletus), 435 radicata (Collybia), 113 var. furfuracea, 114 var. pusilla, 114 radicosus (Boletus), 473 Ravenelii (Amanita), 18 Ravenelii (Boletus), 422 Ravenelii (Phallus), 573 recutita (Amanita), 12 repanda (Peziza), 557 repandum (Hydnum), 497 resplendens (Tricholoma), 63 reticulatus (Pluteolus), 282 retipes (Boletus), 441 retirugis (Panæolus), 384 rhodopolium (Entoloma), 253 rhodoxanthus (Gomphidius), 394 rimosellus (Boletus), 442 rimulatum (Lycoperdon), 597 rivulosa (Clitocybe), 90 robusta (Armillaria), 52 var. minor, 53 robusta (Clitocybe), 93 Rodmani (Agaricus), 336 roseipes (Russula), 209 rosellus (Cantharellus), 217 Roxanæ (Boletus), 431 var. auricolor, 431 rubellus (Merulius), 490 rubescens (Amanita), 21 rubeus (Boletus), 432 rubiginosus (Boletus), 443 rubinellus (Boletus), 419 rubra (Russula), 196 rubro-flava (Calvatia), 587 rubropunctus (Boletus), 429 rufescens (Hydnum), 497 rufus (Lactarius), 175 rugosa (Clavaria), 519 rugosa (Mycena), 127 rugulosa (Lepiota), 51 Russelli (Boletus), 436 Russula (Tricholoma), 65 russuloides (Amanita), 18 rutilans (Tricholoma), 69

saccata (Calvatia), 587 salignus (Pleurotus), 143 salmonicolor (Boletus), 409 sanguinea (Russula), 191 sanguineus (Cortinarius), 321 sapidus (Pleurotus), 141 saponaceum (Tricholoma), 74 Satanus (Boletus), 454 scaber (Boletus), 461 var. testaceus, 462 var. aurantiacus, 462 var. alutaceus, 462 var. fuligineus, 462 var. fuscus, 462 var. olivaceus, 462 var. niveus, 462 var. areolatus, 463 var. mutabilis, 463 var. gracilipes, 463 scabrosum (Hydnum), 496 scorodonius (Marasmius), 226 sebaceus (Cortinarius), 308 sejunctum (Tricholoma), 63 semiglobata (Stropharia), 351 semilanatus (Coprinus), 382 semilanceata (Psilocybe), 366 var. cærulescens, 366 semilibera (Morchella), 545 semi-orbicularis (Naucoria), 297 separans (Boletus), 445 separata (Anellaria), 388 septentrionale (Hydnum), 503 serotinus (Boletus), 409 serotinus (Pleurotus), 145 Seymourianus (Clitopilus), 262 sigillata (Calvatia), 585 silvaticus (Agaricus), 334 silvaticus (Coprinus), 381 silvicola (Agaricus), 343 var. abruptus, 343 sinuatum (Entoloma), 251 sinuosus (Craterellus), 510 var. crispus, 510 sinuosus (Polyporus), 489 soboliferus (Coprinus), 371 socialis (Clitocybe), 89 solidipes (Panæolus), 385 solitaria (Amanita), 19 sordida (Russula), 190 sordidus (Boletus), 461 spadicea (Psilocybe), 365 var. hygrophilus, 366 var. polycephalus, 366 spadiceus (Boletus), 434 spathulatus (Pleurotus), 145 speciosa (Volvaria), 242 speciosus (Boletus), 439 spectabilis (Boletus), 408 sphærosporus (Boletus), 411 sphærosporus (Hygrophorus), 155 spinosa (Terfezia), 566 spinulifera (Collybia), 122 spinulosa (Clavaria), 521 spinulosum (Mycenastrum), 613 spissa (Amanita), 22 splendens (Clitocybe), 102 spongiosipes (Hydnum), 500 spreta (Amanita), 11 squamosum (Hydnum), 496 squamosus (Polyporus), 480 squamulosus (Cortinarius), 318 squarrosa (Pholiota), 273 squarrosoides (Pholiota), 274 stercoraria (Stropharia), 350 sterquilinus (Coprinus), 372 stipticus (Panus), 236 strangulata (Amanitopsis), 30 (A. Ceciliæ) striæpes (Boletus), 431 striapes (Naucoria), 296 stricta (Clavaria), 522 var. fumida, 522 strigosus (Panus), 234 strobilaceus (Strobilomyces), 475 strobiliformis (Amanita), 19 subaquilum (Hypholoma), 364 subaureus (Boletus), 414 subdepallens (Russula), 192 subdulcis (Lactarius), 182 var. cinnamomeus, 182 var. rufus, 182 var. badius, 182 subglabripes (Boletus), 428 subincarnatum (Lycoperdon), 604 subinvoluta (Clitocybe), 102 sublateritium (Hypholoma), 359 var. squamosum, 359 subluteus (Boletus), 412 subpalmatus (Pleurotus), 139 subpulverulentum (Tricholoma), 82 subpurpureus (Lactarius), 172 subrufescens (Agaricus), 344 subsanguineus (Boletus), 420 subsquamosum (Hydnum), 496 subsquarrosa (Pholiota), 275 subtilis (Clavaria), 519 subtomentosus (Boletus), 433 subvelutipes (Boletus), 457 subvilis (Clitopilus), 260 subzonalis (Clitocybe), 101 sulcata (Helvella), 537 var. minor, 537 Sullivantii (Boletus), 458 sulphureum (Tricholoma), 74 sulphureus (Polyporus), 485

tabacinus (Boletus), 443 tabularis (Agaricus), 347 Taylori (Volvaria), 241 tenera (Galera), 300 var. pilosella, 300 var. obscurior, 300 tenuiculus (Boletus), 426 terreum (Tricholoma), 71 var. fragrans, 71 terriferum (Tricholoma), 64 tessulatus (Pleurotus), 139 tetragona (Clavaria), 518 theiogalus (Lactarius), 174 tigrinum (Tricholoma), 77 tigrinus (Lentinus), 229 togularis (Pholiota), 271 tomentosus (Coprinus), 377 torminosus (Lactarius), 163 tortilis (Clitocybe), 108 torulosus (Panus), 233 transmutans (Tricholoma), 63 tremellosus (Merulius), 490 trullisata (Clitocybe), 106 truncicola (Clitocybe), 94 tumulosa (Clitocybe), 98 turbinatus (Cortinarius), 312 turmalis (Cortinarius), 309 Turneri (Lycoperdon), 602 turpis (Lactarius), 163

ulmarius (Pleurotus), 138 var. acericola, 138 var. populicola, 138 umbellatus (Polyporus), 482 umbellifera (Omphalia), 133 umbonatus (Cantharellus), 217 umbrosus (Pluteus), 246 Underwoodii (Boletus), 459 Underwoodii (Clitopilus), 260 Underwoodii (Lentinus), 231 unicisa (Peziza), 556 unicolor (Boletus), 418 unitinctus (Clitopilus), 257 var. albidus, 257 urens (Marasmius), 223 ustale (Tricholoma), 62

vaccinum (Tricholoma), 70 vaginata (Amanitopsis), 28 var. livida, 29 var. fulva, 29 variabilis (Agaricus), 346 variegatus (Boletus), 430 variipes (Boletus), 446 var. albipes, 447 var. pallidipes, 447 var. tenuipes, 447 varius (Cortinarius), 309 velatum (Lycoperdon), 597 vellereum (Hydnum), 499 vellereus (Lactarius), 169 velosa (Amanitopsis), 29 velutinus (Hypholoma), 360 var. leiocephalus, 360 velutipes (Collybia), 118 venosa (Peziza), 554 vermicularis (Clavaria), 524 vermiculosus (Boletus), 456 var. Spraguei, 457 verna (Amanita), 9 verrucosum (Scleroderma), 616 versipellis (Boletus), 461 vesca (Russula), 198 vesiculosa (Peziza), 558 var. cerea, 558 vilescens (Clitocybe), 88 violaceus (Cortinarius), 314 virescens (Amanita), 8 virescens (Russula), 194 virescens (Tricholoma), 78 Virgineus (Coprinus), 380 virgineus (Hygrophorus), 153 viridis (Amanita), 8 virosa (Amanita), 6 viscidipes (Armillaria), 53 viscidus (Gomphidius), 394 vitellina (Mitrula), 548 vitellina (Russula), 212 Vittadini (Lepiota), 44 vittæformis (Galera), 301 volemi (Hypomyces), 564 volemus (Lactarius), 180 var. subrugosus, 180 volvacea (Volvaria), 240 volvata (Amanitopsis), 31 vulgare (Scleroderma), 615

Woodianus (Clitopilus), 260
Wrightii (Lycoperdon), 604
var. typicum, 605
var. separans, 605
var. atropunctum, 605
Wynnei (Marasmius), 225

xylogenus (Agaricus), 339

zonatum (Hydnum), 498

INDEX TO RECIPES FOR COOKING AND PREPARING FOR THE TABLE

Bake, A Camp, 649
Baked Toadstools of any gilled kind, 648
Boleti, 640
To bake, 641
To broil, 640
To dry, 641
To fry, 641
To stew, 640
To make B. edulis soup, 641
Cantharellus cibarius, 641
To fry, 641
To preserve for winter use, 642
To roast, 641
To stew, 641
Clavaria. To cook, 642
To pickle, 642
Clitocybe multiceps, 642
To bake, 642
With cheese, 642
Coprinus. To cook (Mrs. S.T. Rorer), 642
Croquettes. Toadstool, 643
Fistulina hepatica. To cook, 643
Fistulina hepatica salad, 643
Fungus. To broil any capped, 643
Hydnei. To cook, 644
Hypholomas, 644
To bake, 645
To stew, 644
Lactarii. To cook, 645
Lycoperdons (Puff-balls), 647
To fry, 647
To stew, 647
To make salad of, 647
Marasmius oreades. To cook, 645
Morchella (the Morel). To cook, 645
Morelles a l'Italienne, 645
Mushrooms. To cook, 636
Baked, on toast, 637
Catchup (English method), 640
Catchup (McIlvaine), 639
Crusts of, 637
Fricassee of, 638
Pickles (English method), 639
Pickles (McIlvaine), 638
Sauce, canned (Mrs. E.P. Ewing), 640
Sauce, fresh (Mrs. E.P. Ewing), 640
Stewed, on toast, 638
To dry (English method), 637
To fry, 638
Pâtés. Toadstool, 646
Pleurotus ostreatus. To cook, 646
In chafing dish, 646
To fry, 646
To stew, 646
With cheese, 646
Toadstools of any gilled kind, baked, 648
Toadstools deviled, 643
Toadstools fried, 644
Toadstool salads, 648
Toadstool soups, 648
Toadstools. To stew tougher kinds of, 647
Toadstools with cheese, 648
Toast. Hunter’s, 644
Tricholoma. To cook, 647
Tricholoma personatum. To stew, 647

INDEX TO GENERAL CONTENTS

Abbreviations of the Names of Authors, xxxiv Agaricaceae. Family, xxii, 1 Amanitine, 5 Analysis, Agaricus campester, 334 Coprinus atramentarius, 374 Coprinus comatus, 371 Cortinarius collinitus, 314 Lycoperdon bovista, 590 Marasmius oreades, 225 Morchella esculenta, 543 Pleurotus ostreatus, 137 Anthony, Mrs. Emilia C., xxvi Arnold, Prof. J.P., xxvi Ascomycetes. Sub-Class, xxiii, 534 Auricularieæ. Sub-Family, 526 Author’s and Publisher’s Note, xxvii

Basidiomycetes. Sub-Class, 1, 568 Benson, Berry, xxvi Boston School of Natural History, xxvi Briscoe, Frank D., xxvi Britton, Prof. N.L., xv, xxv Brown, Hon. Addison, xxv

Carter, Prof. W.S., xviii, xxvi, 621 Clavariaceæ. Family, xxiii, 1, 511 Collins, Thomas J., xxvi Cooking, Recipes for, 635 Curtis, Rev. M.A., xix

Dacryomycetes. Sub-Family, 527 Daniels, Dr. Edwin A., xxv Dewey, Melvil, xxvi Discomycetes. Cohort, 534

Easton, Prof. Morton W., xxv Ewing, Mrs. Emma P., xxv

Farlow, Prof. William G., xxvi Fungi. Class, 1

Gastromycetes. Sub-Class, xxi, 568 Glossary, 651

Harpel, Luther G., xxvi Harshberger, Dr. J.W., xxv Helvellaceæ. Family, 534 Hydnaceæ. Family, xxiii, 1, 492 Hymenogastraceæ. Family, 569 Hymenomycetes. Cohort, xxi, xxii, 1

Index to Genera, 690 Index to General Contents, 703 Index to Recipes for Cooking and Preparing for the Table, 702 Index to Species, 692 Instructions to Students, xxix Introduction, xv

Langlois, Rev. A.B., 565 Leucosporæ. Series, 2 List of Illustrations, v Lloyd, C.G., xxvi Lycoperdaceæ. Family, 569, 577

Massachusetts Horticultural Society, xxvi Melanosporæ. Series, 368 Mendel, Lafayette B., xviii Metrical Scale and Table of Measures, xxxi Miller, Henry Irving, xxvi Morgan, Prof. A.P., xv, 589 Morgan, Laura V., xv

Names of the principal American Reporters of Species, xxxvi Nidulariaceæ. Family, 570 Notes, collectors, making and preserving, xxxii

Ochrosporæ. (Dermini.) Series, 268

Palmer, Julius A., Jr., 5, xiii Patchen, Miss Lydia M., xxvi, 41 Peck, Prof. Charles H., xv, xvi Pezizæ. Family, 552 Phalloideæ. Family, 569, 570 Polyporaceæ. Family, xxiii, 1, 396 Porphyrosporæ (Pratelli). Series, 330 Preface, xiii Preparing for the table, 635 Pyrenomycetes. Family, 561

Recipes for cooking and preparing for the table, 635 Rhodosporæ (Hyporhodii). Series, 239 Rorer, Mrs. Sarah Tyson, xxv

Schadle, Dr. J.E., xxvi, 5 Sclerodermaceæ. Family, 569, 615 Spore-prints, To make and preserve, xxx

Starnes, Val W., xxvi Sterling, E.B., xxvi

Thelephoraceæ. Family, 1, 506 Toadstool poisoning and its treatment, 621 To test edibility of species, xxxii Tremellaceæ. Family, 1, 526 Truffles (Tuberaceæ), 565 Tuberaceæ. Family, 565 Tuckahoe, 567

Weist, Dr. James R., xxvi

SUPPLEMENT
ONE THOUSAND AMERICAN FUNGI

PREFATORY

The first edition of “One Thousand American Fungi” so fully embodied the species known to be edible, that the field for fresh investigation has been confined principally to newly discovered species. In the eighteen months elapsing since the publication of the first edition, Professor Charles H. Peck—the American authority upon fungi—has reported several. These, with his descriptions, are named in the supplement.