Chapter XIX: Part 19

_I do not sell my horse_, war shinshēgh ais in [= ais eni].

_I wish to sell something_, irhēgh adĕshinsh [adĕshinshagh]
harret.

152. _I borrow_ [roṭolegh?].

_Lend me_, sirdelāhi.

_I lend you_, esirdelaghak.

_I have from you money on loan_, nek ehánătay esirdalínnek.

_You have from me —_, ke ehánkay esirdál eni.

_He has from him —_, enta ehant esirdal enís.

[Note: _Roṭel_, in Arab. to weigh, is in Kab. lend or borrow.

_Ehanat-ayi_, sunt mihi? (fem. pl.?)

_Ehan-kay_, sunt tibi (masc. pl.?)

_Isirdalen_, may be pl. “loans.”]

153. _His debt is large_, amárwas enís ĕgēn.

_I have a trade debt with you (I am in debt to you)_, nek ehánătay
amárwas innek.

_Return me what I have lent you_, sokelāhi awāhak ismarwásagh.
[_Redde mihi quod tibi commodavi_.]

[Note: _Amarwas_, a debt, is also Kab., for I find it in Luke, vii. 41., though not in Brosselard. _Ismarwas_, he lent (a thing).]

154. _I begin_, sheshwāragh.

—— asíntagh.

_I have begun copying the book_, asíntagh asăkal el kitáb.

_He begins an harangue_, ísint méggered.

[Note: _Ishashwar_, frequentative; from Kab. _izwar_. So _ishwar_, 85.

_Isint_, he begins (not Kab.), strangely like in sound to _isimda_, he ended. Since the latter is causative (from _imḍa, imĕda_), _isint_ may denote a root _int_, cœptum est. Compare _indi_, not yet; _end_ (in composition), next; in Kab. _neṭ_ or _neḍ_, alter. In Ben Músa’s Temght, _nedin_, next to me.]

155. _I finish, end_, simdegh.

_He has finished reading the Kurán_, isimde (_or_ yirtem) el
Kurán.

_(And) celebrates the day_, ashel egel elyulímat. (Arab.
_walīmat_, epulum.)

_My salutes to you for having finished the reading of the Kurán_,
ulímĕtun ujíbĕtun.

_It is finished_, yímmĕder [yimĕda].

[Note: _Imḍa_, see 91.

_Yirtem_, he completed? (Arab. confregit)

_Egel_ = _aril_, noon? (_Aghel_ may be the true spelling.)]

156. _Repeat_, ólis ádak [adagh] sōril.

_Repeat this verse_, ólis aghas (_or_ smālis aghas) téghărēn.

_Until you know it by heart_, har tílmĕdak [tílmĕdat?]

[Note: _Oril_ = Ar. _aḳl_, intellect? So we have _arēl_, he thinks (223.), for _ʿaqal_. _Adak_ = _adagh_, this.

_Olis_ means “repeat thou.” So in Prod. Son, _nolis_, we have repeated; _tulis_, (adverbially) again.

_Smālis_ and _aghas_ need fuller explanation.]

157. _I fasten_, ékanagh.

_Are the camels picketed, or not?_ immĕnās ikerāfen, mer war
ikerāfen? (43.)

_Shall I tie the horse or loosen (him)?_ agiagh aïs, mer aregh?
[Shall I _do_ the horse, or undo him?]

_Let him eat that fine herbage_, áyit adíkshe téshe tindegh
tahōsket.

_Set (ye) the horses free_, símbarit íyesan.

_I set free_, asímbaragh.

[Note: _Igan_, Kab., he tied, fastened.

_Agiagh_ is pres. or fut. of _iga_, 39.

_Irra_ means “to shut” in Kab., but “to loosen and open” in Temght. Two verbs seem to be confused, namely, Ghad. _efer_, shut thou, Temght, _eher_, which represents Kab. _err_, related perhaps to Shilha _iwerri_, he returned (_w_ is the _r_ of Ghádamsi?), Kab. _irra_, he brought back, came back: but Ghad. _er_, loosen thou, which is Temght _ar_ or _ur_; connected perhaps with _eheru, egheru_, loose. See 63.

_Teshe_ = Kab. _teje_, grass, &c.

_Isímbara_, he set free. See 54.]

158. _Shut the door_, sókel tefálwat.

_Open the door_, arīd tefálwat.

_I open the door_, ūregh tefálwat.

_I cover_, ushikámbashagh.

[Note: _Tefálwat_ = _tafurt_ of Ghad. = _tawurt_ of Kab.

_Sokel_, _i.e._ turn the door; as in Kab. _err_ turn, for shut. It is strangely like Arab. _sekker_ el bāb.]

159. _Lock ye up_, agfeltet.

_I lock up_, agfeltagh.

_I knock at the door_, edágakagh tefálwat.

[Note: _Agfelt_ seems to be a corruption of Arabic _ḳofl_, a lock. The final _t_ is anomalous.

_Daḳak_ is Hebrew and Arab. _daḳaḳ_.]

160. _I put on [change?] my shirt_, insákalagh rishabāni.

_I reverse my shirt_, abiregwalegh rishabāni.

_I gird my loins_, ehereldegh bessa; egebessagh.

[Note: _Ireled_, he girded. _Aralād_, a circuit fence (a girding). In Kab. _aghalād_, a city wall. A simpler root is _iralay_; see 136.

_Ehe-_ and _ege-_ mark present tense, as _aï_ of Kab. In fact we have _ahi_ in 166.

_Bessa_, waist? Kab. _ames_, middle. See _amos_, 143.]

161. _I put on fine clothes_, elāsagh temálsătēn ihōskătnēn.

_The Tawárek everywhere, in their encampments (tentoria sua) put
on their worst clothing_, Imōshagh kodihén ehánan nissen
sassáharen áshelróhĕra annĕsen.

_I assume all my weapons_, isdawagh tazólinin ikétenes.

[Note: _Elis_ clothing (of gun); _isilse_, man’s dress; _ilās_, he dressed himself, put on; _temalsat_, garment. This root is also Kab., where it is apt to be confused with other roots,—_illes_, he touched; _illes_, he sheared sheep; which I have not found in Barth. “A fleece” combines the ideas of shearing and clothing.

_Ihōskatnēn_ is fem. pl. from _ihōsken_ (a participial form), handsome.

_Isdau_, he collected, from _idau_, it was collected: whence _tidauen_, they congregate; _amīdi_, a friend. In Kab. this root is replaced by _idukkel_, whence also _amdukkel_, a friend; _isdukkel_, he collected.

_Tazōli_, iron, weapon; from Kab. _wezzāl_, iron. Root, _gzl_, to cut, &c.]

162. _I sling on my sword_, shélăgagh takobāni.

_I (we?) lay down arms_, nekes tazólinin. (98.)

_I undress_, nekes rishabāni. (_We_ take off _my_ shirt?)

[Note: _Ishelag_, he put over the _left_ shoulder? _Teshilge_, the left.]

163. _I wash_, sáradagh.

_Washed (not new)_, arīd.

[_It is washed_, ired.]

_I wash my_ face, rádebagh ídemín.

_I wash my hands_, rássemagh ifassin.

_I wring out the water from my shirt_, zymmogh rishabāni.

[Note: _Ired, sired_, are also Kab.

_Irādeb_, he bathes with the hand?

_Irāsem_, he besprinkles? pours upon? Kab. has _ireshshu_ for this; but so Barth, _reshresh_, rain-drops.]

164. _I dry my shirt_, básăragh rishabāni.

_My shirt is not yet dried_, rishabāni indi tibsărit.

_I hang in the air_, nekes orĕkagh ígetan har tejmat innikkāl,
_or_ abelánbak [_I hang (it) flying, until the moisture comes
out?_].

[Note: _Ibsar_, he dried, or was dry?

_Tibsarit_ seems to have Arab fem. termination? (_ikiu_ in Kab.)

_Nek esoregagh?_ I hang up?

_Igetan_, poles? _igeṭan_, flying.

_Tejmat_ = _tegmat_, with Arab. fem. termination. See _igem_, 138. 118.

_Innikkāl, abelánbak_, moisture?]

165. _I cover_, ushikámbashagh. (See 158.)

_Shave my head_, sarsāhi eraf in [eghaf ini].

_I shave (myself?)_, erarsegh.

_I clean_, tekárkăragh.

_Clean this_, aferit den, amīs.

_I look into the glass_, sággehagh awánin der tísit.

[Note: _Sars_, shave thou; _ars_, be thou shaved?

_Ikárkar_, be cleansed?]

166. _I mend_, nekānagh (nek ganagh? 157.).

_I will go to the blacksmith_, irhēgh tíkaut-n-ēnhad (_volo
profectionem fabri?_)

_That he may mend what is spoiled in my gun_, ahíyeken away
íkhsheden dagh el barūdin.

[Note: _Ēnhad_, compare Arabic _hhadīd_ iron.

_Away ikhsheden_, τὸ φθαρὲν, article and participle. _Ikhshed_, it is spoiled, _nemakhshad_, wasteful, in “Prodigal Son.”]

167. _I cook, boil_, esangnegh.

_Well boiled, ripe_, yignān.

_Not sufficiently done_, ur ignān.

_Boil water for me_, íksahe áman.

_I broil_, nek ekánafagh.

_Roasted meat_, ísan nékănaf.

[Note: _Ingne_, it is cooked, fem. _tingne_, partic. _ignān_. Perhaps the true spelling then is _igne_, and causative _isagne_. In Sídi Ibrahím (Shilha) I find _isenu_, he cooked.

_Iks_, boil thou. Compare _ekōs_, hot; _akūs_, a dish. Also 98.

_Iknef_ is also Kab.

_Isan_ = _aisūm_ = _aksum_, meat.]

168. _Make a fire_, awet éfeü.

_I make a fire_, awetagh éfeü.

_I kindle the fire_, sáhedagh éfeü, akenásseragh éfeü.

_Kindle the fire_, sóhad éfeü.

[Note: _Awet_, make, build, arrange. In Shilha, _yegat_, he placed.

_Sóhad_, stir thou?

_Akenassaragh_ is a compound verb, from _ken_, make, and _iseragh_, he burnt, which is shortened to _iserr_ in Barth. See 170.]

169. _That it may not go out_, war etémmekatit.

_I put out the fire_, nek ismákket éfeü.

_The fire is going out_, éfeü tísmăket; éfeü war ikenásmăket;
ákkenes asísmăken éfeü.

_The fire has gone out_, éfeü temmūt.

_The fire revives_, éfeü helígle.

[Note: _Imekat_, it is extinguished?

_Ismakket_, he extinguishes?

_Ikenasmăket_, compounded with _ken_, make.

_Asísmaken_ has no final radical _t_.

_Helígle_ = _ahiligle_, present tense, from _iligle_, it revived?]

170. _Light the candle for me_, sokāhi téfetelt.

_I light the candle_, sekōgh téfetelt.

_I burn_, nek nesérragh.

_You have burnt your shirt_, ke teserret rishāb innek.

[Note: _Esōkegh_, I send, in 101. Yet here _sok_, light thou, and _sekōgh_.

_Iserra_, or _iserragh_, is causative, from _irrar_ or _iragh_, it was burnt; Kab. _iragh, ihhragh_, identical with Arab. _hharak_.

_Neserragh, nirzagh_, with _n_ superfluous, is an anomaly not rare in Barth, apparently from the perplexity introduced from Arabic, where _n_ initial vacillates in sense between 1st pers. _sing._ and 1st pers. _plural_.]

171. _I break, destroy_, nek nirzagh, nek edíggidagh.

_Broken_, irzar [irza?].

[Note: _Idiggid_, he smashed! See _Dagak_ in 159.]

172. _I throw_, nek asánahel.

_I threw it on the ground, and crushed it with my foot_,
satárakegh dar akal adarábăragh.

[Note: _Asanahel_ and _esnámehel_ of 147., have something in common.

_Isaṭarak_, see 71.

_Erāber_, (the horse) kicks, 216.

_Irbar_, (the river horse) _upset_ (the boat),—_qu._ stamped on? crushed? Then _ad_ marks subjunctive, and _adarábăragh_ = (ut) confringam.]

173. _I cut_, nek nékkĕtas.

_Mince the meat for me_, akelisāhi ísan.

_I cut a pen_, ekárădagh.

—— tekárkăragh (but 165.).

_I slit a pen_, shoféfaragh ēm aránibin; suttékĕragh [_I scrape?_]

_Catch thou (what is thrown)_, ekbel.

_I catch_, ekbēlagh. [Ar. _Receive_, as in 78.]

[Note: _Ekkĕtas_, cut (189.); _ikarad_, he cut (a pen?). Heb. _karat_.

_Em_, the mouth (nib?).]

174. _I fill with water_, atkăragh s’ áman.

_You have filled this cup_, tétkărat terērt.

_Till it runs over_, har titfak.

_I pour it out_, nek esáttĕfit.

_I empty_, esíngălagh [esingh-].

[Note: _Itkar_ = Kab. _ichchur_.

_Titfak_ = _titfagh_? Yet for _iffagh_ (it came out, Kab.) we had _ifay_, 141. Also _efōket_, fem. _tefōket_, present tense (207.), it comes forth. Below, _titfar_, (the boat) leaks; where _r_ shows _gh_ to be the true spelling, as in Kab. See _Ásfĕken_, 126.

_Esáttefit_, see 209.

_Isingal_, read _isinghal_, causative, from _inghel_, it gushed. _Sangralagh_ should be _sanghalagh_.]

175. _I upset it_, subumbéägh-at. (44.)

_I scoop water_, elkawagh áman.

_I draw_, nek tesheresherawen aran. (63.)

_I water the garden_, sáswagh eshíkkărash; sángralagh áman der
eshíkkărash. (186.)

_I give to drink_, esiswēgh.

_Give the horse to drink_, sissu aïs se beléas.

[Note: _Elkau_ (Kab. _elḳay_, deep; hence _telak_, deep channel; _telkayat_, (the boat) founders. But this root is probably different.]

176. _I go to fetch water_, eshárrăgagh áman.

_The water-carriers_, imshárrŏgen.

_Let us pitch the tent_, nektar. (?)

_I pitch the tent_, nek takanegh ehan. [_I fasten or fix?_ 157.]

_I drive in the pegs_, tetaităyagh.

[Note: _Isharrag_, see 63.

_Itaitay_, he drove in pegs; he pricked (as a scorpion).]

177. _I draw the ends of the leather covering of the tent_, tareréägh
tísĕdas.

_I draw the ropes of the tent_, tareréäs eréwiyen éhen (_he
tightens_ to it?).

_I spread the carpet in the tent_, nek fātagh der éhen: úwetagh
tisíftak.

[Note: _Oreä_ (root?), tighten; _oreäs_, strangle him; _oreäghas_, I strangle him; _tarereägh_, (frequent) I tighten.

_Ifta_, he spread; corrupt Arabic, from _fatahh_. In _tisíftak_ the lost ح reappears as final _k_. _Ifter_, mat, for _iftahh_, and _tesuftakht_, carpet, in 226, 227.

_Úwetagh_, I arrange; see 168.]

178. _I hang up the dishes_, nek sélik íkesan.

_—— the waterskin, the saddle_, edid, elakĭf.

_I take down the tent_, bassëagh éhen.

_Take down your tents_, ébsiet ehennanawen.

_These slaves work hard_, íkĕlan idagh arelēnan egēn [aghelēnan].

_Work_ (subst.), árălay [ághălay].

[Note: _Sélik_, for _seliḳgh_? Sídi Ibrahím (in Shilha) uses Arabic _ʿalliḳ_ for “hang up:” hence, perhaps, _seliḳ_ as a causative.

_Ebsĭ, ebsih_, take down? Another verb is_ besay_, vomit.

_Arălay_, work; _arelēnan_, they work. _Nek áralūn_, I sow (a field), seems to be _aghalun_; root, _aghalay_. But _iralay_, he surrounded, 136.]

179. _I dress (?) a goat_, agerassăragh tāghat.

_I draw back his neck_, semelwagh-as.

_I cut his throat_, agerássagh-as.

_I skin him_, óshegh-at.

[Note: _Igharsa_, he cut the throat (Shilha); _agharās_, or _emgharās_, a butcher, Ghad. But Venture gives _aghzār_ for butcher, which points out a relation to Arab. _jezzār_. Observe that _agharās_ is “a road” in Delaporte’s Kab. and Ibrahím’s Shilha. [I suspect that _agerássaragh_ should be _agherásagh-ak_, I butcher for thee.]

_Semelluagh_ would seem related to _emelëagh_, I castrate (120.), if the sense agreed better.

_Oshe_, skin thou, is for _oze_; in Kab. _uz_ or _azu_.]

180. _I shear a fleece_, nek téliak télsak.

_I pluck the bird_, rákabagh tiságădēn. [_I tear off the
feathers_.] (144.)

_He wrested it from me_, irkáb deri.

_I peel the fruit_, tekedímmegh.

_I pasture the camels_, dānagh immĕnás.

[Note: _Teliagh_, I cut (corn, rice); _alihet_, cut ye, yield; _alihe_, cut, shear?

_Teságăden_, from _igeḍ_, he flew; _agadīd_, bird. In Kab. _ighetāṭ_, birds.

_Ikedim_, he picked?

_Idan_, pascit or pastus est; hence, _amădān_, a shepherd; Kab. _amaksa_.]

181. _I milk the cow_, azīkagh tēs.

_Milk thou_, azīk.

_Has (this) cow been milked, or not?_ tēs tezak, mer war tezak?

_I shake the milk (for making it sour)_, autíshagh netíshnit
eshāhi akh.

[Note: _Azīk_ is _zeg_ or _zegh_ in Kab.]

182. _I make ropes_, nek attálemagh.

_Hold me the rope_, sennikfāhi.

_The Tawárek are very clever in making good ropes of leather_,
Imōshagh adíbăbén dar érŏnan.

_Those ropes—from (the bark of) what tree do they make them?_
eréwiyen wādagh innagh éhishkan wuí téllĕnin (_or_, wuí dígmăden).

_I weave woollen blankets_, zātagh tibbergentin.

_Which understand weaving better—the Fullán or the Songhay?_
endekway ísan [endegh way isan] tézi tehōsken, jer Afūlan ped (?)
Éhatan? _or_, emállĕten wuín Éhatan du wuín Fūlan megeressen yúfa
tézetí?

_All of them know good weaving_ esanántet iketenéssen tézit
tehōsken.

[Note: _Yellim_, he spun, Vent.; Ar. _lemm_, glomeravit. Presently, for _tellĕnin_ read _tellĕmin_, they twine?

_Sennikf_; root _nikf_? or _ikfa_?

_Aran_, leather-rope; pl. _erŏnan_ (vocab.).

_Erewi_, a (hempen) rope; so Kab.

_Izat_, he weaves; _tezit_, weaving. In Kab. _zeṭ_, weave thou.

_Way-isan_, who knew.

_Emálleten_, the cloths? the garments? the tissues?

_Wui-n-Ehatan_, &c.

_Du_, and?

_Me-ger-assen_, which betwixt them; _i.e._ which of the two?

_Yufa_, surpasses, excels.

_Esanantet_ must be fem. pl. from _isan_, he knew.]

183. _The women pluck the cotton_, tídĕdēn ítafash fásĕnit, _or_,
ítafash tíkurukarēn.

[Note: _Itafashfas_, he plucked (cotton).

_Tikurukarēn_, cottons; sing. _takerókerit_, from _-enit_, 3rd pl. fem.

_Ikarkar_, he cleansed? See 164.]

184. _I spin thread_, tarérayagh.

_The women spin thread_, tídĕdēn rerémat.

_I weave cotton strips_, ezātagh tabádokēn.

_I sew_, azamāyagh.

_I cut out (a shirt)_, arăwagh.

_I fold (a shirt)_, tédĕhagh.

_I roll up_, ekemíngkĕmégh.

[Note: _Ireray_, he spun. _Rerēmat_ = _Rerainat_, fem. 3rd pl., as elsewhere.

_Izamāy_, he sews. In Barth’s vocabulary, _ázamay_; in Venture, _tismi_ [tizmi?], a needle.

_Irau_, he cuts out. Ghad. _ʿira_, he shaved.

_Ideh_, he folded? But _idā_, he pounds, 188.

_Ikemin(g)kem_, he rolled up, must be frequentative, from _ikemin_?]

185. _I beat (a shirt)_, titĕbōgh.

_I beat it well, until it becomes bright_, tádĕshagh, har tékkĕne
síggeniūgish.

_I dye_, sádalagh.

_Dyeing_, tesadālit. [Yet, tesădalt, _an egg_.]

_I mend my shirt_, tágagh tíkist dar rishabāni.

[Note: _Itĕbu_, he beat?

_Idesh_, he hammered.

_Siggeniūgish_, from _siggĕni_, indigo; _ūgish_, entrance? or from _sig_, aspect?

_Tikist_, a rent? (In Kab. a prick, sting.) Or, rather, it means _a patch_.]

186. _I work the ground_, shekárashagh.

_I make a fence to the field_, egātagh áralād yeshikkérishín.

_I saw_, nek ʿaralūn [= aghalun.] (178.) [Nekegēgh alūn? H. B.]

_I root up weed_, tikŏmagh téshe.

[Note: _Ishekarash_, he tilled, _shekarash_, garden or field, are frequentative, from root _karash_; in Kab. _karaz_, to till, work the

ground. It answers to حرث, χαράττω.

_Yegāt_, he placed (found in Shilha, Tale of Saby). Also, he made (a hedge, a pot). _Tagāt_, she laid (eggs).

_Nek magēt_, I what do?

_War ged ādi_, do not this.

_Aghalūn_, participle? [_Alūn_, corn?]

_Ikom_, he rooted up?]

187. _I plant a bush_, adōmegh ehíshk.

_I dig in a pole_, esúktagh ájid.

_I cut rice_, téliagh táfakat. (180.)

_Cut (ye) for me this, and put it for me in the boat_, alihetāhi
tetīd, tegimāhi tetīd der tóraft.

[Note: _Idom_, he plants. (Ar. _dūm_?)

_Tegimāhi_ (39.), from _iga_. Two imperatives joined by _and_ are expressed as if we said _secate posuistis_ for _secate et ponite_.]

188. _I gather fruit_, isírtăyagh (131.) árăten ehishkan.

_I pound_, edāhagh.

_I pound rice_, tifúkkogh táfăkat.

_I winnow_, kintihēgh _or_ tesabirtit rĕgh-at.

[Note: _Arăten_ (_arata_, a crocodile), read _arăten-n-ehíshkan_; or even _arăden_? In Kab. _irden_, (_fruges_), wheat.

_Ehishk_, a tree, is in De Slane’s Temght _ishek_. I think it is the Kab. _ishīḳ_, a branch; _branch_ for _bush_.

_Idah_, he pounds? Arab. _dakk_.

_Inkinteh, isabir_, he winnowed?]

189. _I tie up the bundles of Guinea-corn_, akitteléagh
ashíkkerashín-n-enĕli [_the_ fields _of corn?_].

_I knead it_, nek osáksăk-at. (145.)

_It is not well kneaded_, war tíkkĕne isūs.

[Note: _Ikitteleh_, “he sheaved?”]

190. _I hid_, efāragh (_abdidi, so Kab._); etwāragh (_condidi?_ see
102.).

_I cut wood_, ektāsagh ígĕtan. (173.)

_I split_, esraurawēgh [ezr-, 136.].

_I grind the knife on the stone_, emsādagh absar is tahōnt.

_I whet my knife_, sátăragh ábsarin.

_Whet for me_, esterāhi.

[Note: _Ígĕtan_, sticks, poles.

_Imsād_, he grinds: also, sharp. It is from Kab. _zed_, grind thou; and, perhaps better written, _imzād_.

_Tahōnt, tehūnt_, rock (Temght).]

191. _I hammer_, tádeshagh. (185.)

_I saw_, tezezawagh.

_I chip, square planks_, nek átĕki.

_I dig a well_, rāshagh ānu [gháshagh].

_I build a well_, nek ázăraf ānu.

_—— a house_, áwetagh tárashām.

_—— a boat_, áwetagh tōraft.

[Note: _Izezau_, he saws?

_Irsha_ should be _ighsha_; in Kab. _ighza_, he dug.

_Izăref_, strictly, he built; but _awet_, arrange, &c., 168.]

192. _I sew a boat_, azeméagh tōraft. (184.)

_I repair a boat (by renewing the ropes along the junctions of the
planks)_, asídagh dar ázamay.

_I stop holes along the junctions of the planks in the boat_,
asídagh anăbay; _stop the holes well_, adegíndĭgi.

_I scoop out the water_, ákis áman, sunkel áman.

[Note: _Isid_, he closes?

_Akis_, take out? 98.

_Sunkel_, read _sunghel_, cause to spout, empty out; 174, 175.]

193. _I make pots_, egātagh telikkan. (186.)

_I measure_, ekātagh erēlan. (150. 178.)

_I weigh_, tawézănagh. (_Arab._)

_I divide_, nek ebdēkan.

_We divide_, nébbĕdud.

[Note: _Ebdēkan_ is against analogy. On _ibḍu_ see 137. _Ibdud_ may be frequentative. But _ebde, ebded_ of 41 are quite different, allied to Arabic.]

194. _I join_, asírteagh (131.); nek asmokkasákkănet [comp. of _mōkas_
(occurro) and _ken_ (facio)?]

_I press the limbs (to give them relief), shampoo_, rábăzagh.

_I anoint_, ashawagh; shágeagh.

_I fan_, awilíngwălēgh; azúmmegh-at.

195. _It is wonderful_, tejūjab (_Arab._ _ʿajeb_) takónit. (38.)

_Thou must go to Gúndam_, ahūshel ke ehe temeshālit is Gundam.

_It is worthy_, anímmehel dirs.

_Straight on_, sinnémĕhel.

_This is worthless_, wādagh anímmehel ahastauyet yewulāghen.

[Note: _Ahūshel_, it is necessary? _ke_, thou; _ehe temeshālit_, shouldest travel? (verb _imeshal_?).

_Animmehel dirs_, (there is) an aim in it, an _object_ in it? See 147. _Issimahal_, it is worthy (Parable of “Prodigal Son”).]

196. _Our provisions are gone_, ezzud ímmende. (91.)

_The money is spent_, éhĕri ímmĕhesh.

_That is lost_, wādagh aba.

_That is its character_, immek ídagh áfal íkĕne.

[Note: _Wadagh aba_, read _wadagh abad_? In “Prodigal Son” we have first _abad_ for “was lost” (which is Hebrew, _not_ Arabic), and next _abat_, in same sense; verses 24 and 32.]

197. _It pains (me)_, ikmāhi; uzerāhi.

_It itches_, ehāhi ókŭmash. [_There is to me an itching_.]

_It is swollen_, eray; ekāf tasánnist.

_This smells nice_, wādagh _ada_ yehōsken. [Adunn, _smell?_]

_This meat smells bad_, ísan wādagh insāgak [insāragh]; ísan
wādagh adunnis irkē.

[Note: _Okŭmash_ = _ekmez_, rub, scratch, Kab.

_Adunn_, corrupt Arabic.

_Irkē_, dirty? So Venture. In Brosselard, _irka_, it is decayed. In “Prodigal Son,” _egēgh irk_, I have done evil.

_Innek_, is bright? is clean?]

198. _The meat is well boiled_, ísan ingnē. (167.)

_The loaf is mouldy_, tágelet tebúnkat.

_The shirt is torn_, rishāba anzarrawet (211.); rishāba karrawet.

_The iron is rusty_, tazōli war te tennēk.

_—— makes sparks_, tikkĕne teshōri.

_—— hisses_, ishirarákrak, ishibarákrak.

199. _—— is red-hot_, tazōli tūwas.

_—— is melting_, tazōli timshelárlag.

_—— hisses in the water_, tazōli ísan afdar fáddar dar áman.

_The waterskin leaks_, edīd esínge; edīd itadēm.

_—— is torn_, edīd erarrawet.

_—— has a hole_, edīd imbek.

[Note: _Esinge_ (rewritten from faint pencil marks), qu. _isinghel_? 174.

_Yadim_, it leaked?

_Imbek_, it is pierced?]

200. _The house lets in the rain_, tarashām teshínke.

_This well never dries up_, ānu wādagh aigin kalá war itōgar
[_or_, war ikōr).

_It is always full of water_, har kūk hant áman.

_The water soaks in_, áman inses.

_The pond has dried up_, tibengrawēn inshéshnet.

[Note: _Ishinke_, it admits water?

_Aigin kalá_, at every time.

_Iḳor_, Kab. it was dry. The _ḳ_ is liable to become _gh_.

_Har kūk_, usque ad _æternum_?

_Hant_, there are; fem. pl.?

_Inses_, is drunk up?

_Tibengrawēn_, the tanks? fem. pl.

_Inshésnet_ is 3rd fem. pl.]

201. _The road divides_, abárraka tabarrat tíbbeda.

_One branch going to the left and another to the right_, alílen
íyet fel arīn wa-n-arīl, íyet telaudat teshelgēn.

[Note: _Abarraka_, road. _Tabarrat_ for _tabarrakt_ appears a diminutive for the same.

_Alílen_, following, 105.

_Iyet_, alter, as Kab., _yeḍ_ in Shilha. It is

Arab. ايض. [Here it would seem fem. of _iyen_.]

_Arīn_ seems to be plural. Afterwards we have _arē_ in like connection. _Er_ is “branch” of a river. Also _seri idemennis_ seems to mean “towards his face.” I interpret _arē_ or _erei_, direction. (Also _eri_, neck.)

_Arīl_, right, is also the “noon” (of day), = “upright.” Since in Kab. _afūs ayyafūs_ or _awiffūs_ is the “right hand,” I conjecture that _arīl_, right, is the same word as Kab. _aghel_, arm. See 228.

_Telaudat_? telilat? or telilant?.]

202. _The sun rises_, tafōk tíggemāt (118.); tafōk berber desīn enis.

_—— has mounted the heavens_, tafōk taségĕde ishínnawen.

(_—— has begun to decline_, tafōk tezíwal. _Arab._)

_—— is about to set_, tafōk tabōk égĕdel.

_—— has set_, tafōk tōdal.

[Note: _Desin_ (_edis_, side).

_Del_, to stoop? _Ahedal_, is humble; but _ḍel_, to cover, darken?]

203. _The year is fertile_, áwatay íkkĕnátĕnī.

_—— is sterile_, áwatay igamánna.

[Note: _Ikkenátĕni_, from _iken_, it makes; _téheni_, dates? _tenī_, dates, Mozabi and Wadreagh. Also _ofātĕni_, barren (land). [_Ikkena_ is productive; _tĕnī_, this season?—H. B.]

_Igamanna_, barren, and _emannet_, fertile, and _manna-n-áwatay_, famine-year, need fuller elucidation.]

204. _The rainy season is come_, ákase yūse.

_—— is gone_, ákase ígĕle, _or_ yímmĕde.

_The cold increases_, asemmēṭ étid.

_—— is strong_, asemmēṭ íkkĕne tigawet.

_—— lessens_, asemmēṭ efenās. (94.)

_—— is over_, asemmēṭ ébĕgbag.

[Note: _Tigawet_ for _tiḳuaet_, strength; Arab.?]

205. _The (forty) dark nights are passed_, éhaden isáttefen, _or_
esáttafnén, ebarbar, _or_ ejumádĕde.

_The black winter is gone_, tágerist takaúelit tabárbar.

_The white (i.e. mild part of the) winter is come_, tégisht
taméllelt tágerist.

[Note: _Ehaḍ_, night; Ghad. _efad_; Wadreagh, _eghed_ (compare Arab. _ghea_, obtexit); Kab. _eyyaṭ_.

_Asaṭṭef_, (with _t_ in Ben Músa), black (or dark?).

_Akauel_, black, is _aghogul_ in Wadreagh, for which Venture has _inghāl_.

_Ejumádade_, freq. from _imeda_?

_Tegisht_, as _tiggemāt_ in 202. &c., seems to have final _t_ as feminine mark, like Arabic.]

206. _The leaves are fallen_, ālan atarākat (71.), ālan āmin.

_The boughs are stript_, afélliga ákăsen.

_The tree is getting new leaves_, aheláklak ehíshk.

_—— blooms_, ehíshk ínshar.

_—— is bearing fruit_, ehíshk aboriārak.

_—— is not full grown_, ehíshk war idūil.

_—— is dead_, ehíshk akkōr [_is dried_].

[Note: _Āmi_, is faded?

_Iláklak_, budded forth?

_Inshar_, is beautiful? _Inshagh_? compare _amonshagh_, envious, &c., 116.

_Idūil_, (not again). In Kab. _itulan_ or _idhūlan_, kinsfolk, softened from _iṭegulan_, as I think.]

207. _The dates are ripe_, téhĕni tingne. (167.)

_—— not yet ripe_, téhĕni har egōdi war tingne.

_The herbage is coming forth_, tēshe ebarbar _or_ tafōkat
[tafōghat, 174.].

_The guinea-corn comes forth_, énĕli efōkat.

_The guinea-corn gets reed_, énĕli ena kógĕri.

_The reed (stalk) bristles (in stubble)_, kógĕri yikhtā.

208. _The corn is making large leaves_, énĕli éje fárkĕtēn.

_The guinea-corn is ripe for harvest_, énĕli itáfărat (efĕrat).

_The herbage is drying up_, tēshe takkōr [taggōr].

_The ear of the corn comes out_, tíggemat tegēnt énĕli.

_The ear is ripe_, tegēnt tingná. (167.)

[Note: _Efĕrat_, yields harvest? In vocab. _téferten_, salary,—_qu._ revenue? Heb. פרא.

_Tégĕnit_, spike of corn (vocab.).]

209. _The river is rising_, tédĕfit egish eghírrëu [flood _enters the
river?_].

_The water stagnates_, áman íbdăden.

_—— soaks in_, esintátărār.

_—— is sinking_, áman abukiūrel.

_The river is very full this year_, étaf áman tenī.

_It will not sink at all_, war obakímbi.

_The rivers are joining_, eghírriwan imókasen _or_ írtăyen. (102.
131.)

[Note: _Tetĕfit_, flood? swell? from _etaf_?

_Abūki yurēl_, is about to _sink_?

_Obaki imghi_, chooses to go down. See 50.

_Etaf_, it pours or runs freely (not the same as _eṭaf_, to seize, with ط): hence causative, _isattef_, he pours, 174. In Kab. for _etaf_ we find _effid_, and also _effi_, the _d_ being pronominal.

_Tenī_, this year, = _tinēda_. With _tin_ compare Arab, _sene_, year.]

210. _Almost all the rivers run into the sea_, eghírriwan rurret
imókasen rōr eghírrëu wá symmed [_meet at the salt river_].

_The boat is leaking_, tōraft nákal [nághal]; tōraft tinral
[tinghal]; _or_ tinrálnarel [tinghálnaghel]; (_see_ 174. 192.,
sunkel;) tóraft titfagh, (174.).

[_The boat is foundering_], tōraft telkăyat (175.); tōraft
tibbenekway.

[92] _The people who row_ (?) _the boat get out_ (?), ídinet
audetánnăret tōraft titfar [titfagh].

[92] _The people perished, some swam in the water_, ídinet
abăten iyeden yeshaffen dar áman.

[92] _Another rolls the boat sportively_ (?), íyaṭ ināfar tōraft
sehūyam.

[92] _The people who are (of the?) village, under the water deep_
(?), ídinet auéhan amăzagh dedu áman lagat.

[92] _Those people lay goat-skins in the middle of the water which
..._ ídinen wuīn degen ídeden der mézen dor áman auay tímăntēn.

[Note: _Wa_ symmed, _the_ salt. I observe that _wa_ retains the meaning of _the_ before an adjective as well as before a participle, though it is lost with a substantive.]

211. _The boat is upset_, tōraft tebumbay. (44.)

_—— breaks asunder_, tōraft takaurawen.

_The boat ran on rocks_, tōraft tikkeséast tahōnt.

_And sunk, and remained on the ground_, tursar, telkăyat, tekkel
édir-n-áman [_became under-of-the-water_].

[Note: _Ibbenekuay_, pres. from _Ibbeneka_?

_Ikaurau_ and _ikarru_ (tear, rend violently), remind one of _ezraurau_, 190. 135, 136. Also _tatáktarau_, is shattered; with _t_ interposed, as in Arabic 8th form.

_Ikkeséas-t_, pierced it? frequent. from _ikes_? _Tursar_, for _turza_? was broken? Yet see _yarasan_, 64.]

212. _The water enters the tent_, áman íggesh éhen.

_This water stands still, is stagnant_, áman wādagh ibbédăden.

_It does not hasten much (has no current)_, war óshel hullen.

_This river has a strong current_, eghírrëu wādagh óshel hullen.

213. _The water is boiling_, áman imesharlárlărēn.

—— áman ereshaushauēn.

_—— is not yet boiling_, áman indi imesharlárlărēn.

_—— is very hot_, áman ekōs hullen.

_Boil [heat] water for me_, iksāhe áman.

_Let it cool in the skin_, éyit yesmat dér édid.

[Note: _Isharlarlar, ishaushau_? it boils or bubbles.]

214. _The bird flies_, égĕdīd ígged.

_The young bird will fly [wishes to fly]_, akirt abók tégad.

_The bird sings nicely_, égĕdīd elemísli yehōsken.

_The hen cackles_, tákĕshilt rar middennis.

_—— lays eggs_, tákĕshilt tagāt ésărek.

_—— is screaming_, tákĕshilt tegabătolt.

[Note: Kab. _igṭaṭ_, birds (sing. agadet, Hodgson: read _agaṭeṭ_); but in Brosselard, _akṭeṭ_, pl. _ikṭaṭ_, a little bird. We have here the root _igeṭ_, it flew, it sprang aloft, 47. 70.; whence _iseggeṭ_, it mounted (202. 216.), and _tesaggaṭ_, a feather.

_Elemisli_ may seem a derivative or compound from _isla_, he heard, _amisli_, _a_ voice.

_Tákĕshilt_, a hen; elsewhere, _takĕshīt_, which seems more correct, as it is the feminine form of _ákes_, the cock, which again perhaps is more correctly _akez_, the _z_ in Temght changing to _sh_. In Kab. the forms are _ayaziṭ_, a cock, _tayazīt_ or _thayazit_, a hen; for _aghazīṭ_, _thaghazīṭ_, it seems. Even in Temght it may be inquired whether _gh_ is not more correct than _k_; _i.e._ _aghez_, a cock, _taghĕzīt_, a hen.

_Rar_, _i.e._ _ghar_, cries; קרא. _Midden-nis_ her cackling. On _ḍen_ or _ḍenḍen_, see 26.

_Ésărek_, a litter (of eggs)?]

215. _The egg is not yet hatched_, tésădalt ur tisfákket.

_The egg is spoiled_, tésădalt tíggĕded.

_The eggs are spoiled_, tesádălen egadíddĕnad.

_The young bird picks (at the egg)_, akaukautet akirt.

_He will come forth_, ahad efóket.

_The cock is crowing_, ákes egetarōren.

[Note: _Tigĕded_, is birded? (214.), _i.e._ is quickened. It is fem. sing., and the fem. pl. _egadíddĕnat_ (not _-nad_). Elsewhere, _ikhshed_, it is spoiled, 167.

_Kaut_ (for hack, hew, cut) seems a widely-spread root. Arab. _ḳatʿa_, and above, _ektas_.

_Ahad efóket_, may be future tense. See 174. and 220. Final _t_, feminine mark?

_Egetarōren_ = _igetaghōren_, present partic. from _ighār_.]

216. _The horse neighs_, ais etehinnít.

_—— prances_, ais ōskar.

_—— goes backward_, ais érăren.

_—— rolls_, aïs abelánbălet.

_—— kicks_, ais erābar _or_ isākat.

_—— is lame_, ais ehiak.

_—— rolls in the sand_, ais ināfar.

_—— has mounted the mare_, ais asúggĕdit tábăgōt.

[Note: _Ihinnēt_, nearly Latin _hinnio_.

_Oskar_, prances. In Kab. _isekkar_, he caused to stand; _iskar_, he made; _aksar_, the lower part.

_Érar_, goes backward? Kab. _ʿarūr_, the back.

_Irābar_, perhaps, “stamps:” 172.

_Isākat_, kicks.

_Isāggeṭ_, as in 214. 202. &c.; unless final _-ṭiṭ_ is here frequentative.]

217. _The camel is crying_, ámĕnis éjëu.

_—— growls_, ámĕnis abéggeg.

_—— throws up the nose_, ámĕnis etishburdel.

_The she-camel has brought forth_, tólamt tórau.

_—— is about to bring forth_, tólamt teshwar tórau.

[Note: _Ejëu_, is crying; = _igewa_, and fem. pl. _egéwănet_. Hence in Niphal, _iniggu_ or _inijju_, it bellows.

_Tólamt_ or _tálamt_, camel, fem. for _alōm_ or _elgham_, words not used in this dialect. Evidently _elgham_ = Heb. _gemel_. It also makes _aram_ in Shilha.

_Teshwar_, Kab. _tezwar_, she precedes or begins, 85.]

218. _The camel is lying down to receive the load_, ámenis egen, égag
fellas ilălen [_one_ heaps _on him the luggage_, 98.].

_The camel refuses to rise_, ámenis tindăras ténnăkrat.

_Too much load on him_, égan fellas ilălan agōtĕni.

_The camels graze_, immĕnás idānan.

_The she-camels cry, they want to be milked_, tólemín egéwănet,
irhānet tázit.

[Note: _Indar_, he refused, 112. It differs from _asindar_, throw down (which is perhaps _asinṭar_, from _iṭar_, he went down), and from _emendar_, to lodge for the night, which is _emendagh_.

_Egan_, it lies.]

219. _The bullock lows_, ámăke eníjju.

_The cow lows_, tēs aníjju.

_The cows chew the cud_, iwan afarádĕnit.

_The cows are sated_, íwan iwănet.

_They lie down_, ikarámĕnet.

_The cows are returning from the water_, íwan asúwanet, iktárnet
fel áman.

_The cows return the food_, íwan isókalnet. (25.)

[Note: _Afărad_. See _efĕrat_, in 208.

_Iwănet_, from root _iwa_ or _iwan_, to satiate. In Kab. _thayawant_ or _thawant_, satiety.

_Īwān_, cows, may be shortened from Kab. _yugāwen_, steers. The root _yūg_ is, as in our tongues, a yoke; whence _thayūga_, a pair.

_Asú-ănet_, they have drunk.

_Iktar_ seems to be Arab. 8th form, from _kar_.]

220. _The he-goat bleats_, eshōlak ahílĕlet.

_The she-goats bleat_, úlli essiláfnet.

_The ram bleats_, abákkar ásilef.

_The sheep bleat_, tíhatén esiláfnet esmedanésnet.

[Note: _Ahilĕlet_, from _elīl_, to cry aloud. Ghad. _eslīl_, Kab. _esiwel_, from _awal_, voice. Barth has also _asilel_.

_Asĭlef_, bleat, is more specific.

_Iherna_, he crouched. See 139.

_Ishek_ invasit (137.); but future (215.) _ehadishek_, invadet.

_Imĕhesh_, (my money) is spent; whence frequent. with causative sense, _ishmahish_, he annihilated.]

221. _The lion roars_, eher eníggu, eher eríkku.

_The lion is crouching_, eher ehérnen abók fellauen ehe.

_—— [will attack people]_, eher ehádíshek idinet.

_—— [tears in pieces?]_, ashmaraurauest ídinet.

_—— [destroys them]_, eshmahíshten ídinet.

222. _The dog snarls_ [_crouches? see_ 139.], ēdi tehárna.

_The dog bites_, ēdi tād.

_—— barks_, ēdi itíshut _or_ itéröas.

_The scorpion bites (me)_, tataihi tasírdant.

[Note: _Tasirdant_, more correctly _tazerdemt_, scorpion, as in 227. In Kab. _tegirdumt_ and _tegeremt_.

_Tataihi_, has stung _me_? from _tatay_, drive in a peg, 176.]

223. _The ostrich runs fast_, énnehel ehăsar hullen.

_The ostrich hides his head in the bush_, énnĕhe ísed arāfĕnis
[aghāfĕnis] der ehíshk.

_He thinks nobody sees him_, arēl war tehinnēn ídinet.

[Note: _Ennĕhel_, so Hodgson; not _ennĕhe_, ostrich.

_Ised_. See 81.

_Arēl_. See 156.

_War_ et-_ehinnen_, non _eum_ vident?]

224. _The man was sitting on the shore_, ahālis akīm rōr alīm-n-áman.

_Suddenly a crocodile seized him by the leg [knee?], and went away
with it [him?]_ azūed arāte irmast safód, ilmar deris. (_Dēris_,
under it?)

[Note: _Alīm_, edge, border? In 50. we have _esalīm_, shore, and _asarīm_ in vocabulary. Elsewhere, _alīm_ is skin, for _aglim_ of Kab. Also _alim_, chaff, straw, in Kab.

_Azūed_, sudden (heavy).

_Irmas_, seized. _Afod_, knee, in vocabulary.

_Ilmar_, not again in this sense.]

225. _The river horse rose in the water (to the surface of the water),
and snorted_, ajámba áskaket dar áman isáfărad.

_The river horse has upset the boat_, ajámba irbar tōraft.

_The river horse has shattered the boat_, ajámba tárzar [tarza?]
tōraft.

[Note: _Irbar_, crushed with his feet, 172.

_Tarzar_: compare _Irzar_ in 171.]

226. _The vulture hovered over the gazelle_, elullen ilay gínnigis ashinkat.

_Until it pounced upon it, and tore out its eyes_, har asgen
felles ístaras, íkas tettáwennis.

_Lay the pillow upon the mat (carpet)_, sins ádăfōr fel isífter
[fel isiftakh].

[Note: _Har asgen_, until; _felles_, upon it; _istaras_, it pounced, from _iras_, it descended. Thus _asgen_ seems to mean “a time,” “a while.” In Kab. _azgen_, half, middle, part.

_Sins_, cause to rest? from _insa_, he rested? 42. 58.

_Isiftakh_, evidently from Arab. _fatakh_. The ح is presently corrupted into _kh_.]

227. _I this morning found a scorpion under my carpet_, nek tifaut idak
enhagh tezerdemt dau tesúftakhtēn.

_Lay a cloth under your saddle_, ége tashíshwart dau mĕdásh.

_Lest it hurt the back of your horse_, war eráshădēt (_or_
itemanākit) arōrin aïs innak.

[Note: _Ége_, make, for, put.

_Erashādet_ seems to be subjunctive from _ishad_ or _ishadet_. Compare Arabic _shadha_, he harmed.

_Itemanākīt_, root, _naka_? _Temankit_ is exhaustion.]

228. _At that place the river runs upon rock_, dar agel wādagh áman
óshălen fel tihōn.

_He fell along the [gallery? landing-place?]_, enta etarákatet fel
sŏrō.

_Till he came below the staircase [steps of the gallery?]_, har
óse dau íbtalen sŏrō.

_All the day he sat in his tent_, ashel rurret ekēm der ehénnis.

[Note: _Agel_, place? (Is it the same as _aghel_, Kab. arm? See 201. on _aril_.)]

229. _He put it in his pocket_, enta egēt der elshēb.

_Do not enter the house_, war tégĕshit tárăshām.

_Stay outside_, ébbedīd dágăma.

_Outside the town_, ágĕmē-n-ághĕrim.

_There is nothing but mere sand_, war ehet har ákal mellen.

[Note: _El jīb_ is Arabic.

_Dagăma_, on the outside, _agĕme_, outside, are from _igem_, he went out, 118. 138.; whence also _gĕma_, without (sine).

_Mellen_, white; here for pure.

_Akal_, mould, soil, as in Kab. Elsewhere in Temght it is land or country.]

230. _Thou hast not given me my (full) right_, war he tawēdet el hakki.

_He went before me_, íggĕle iládatāi.

_Look before you, that you may not fall_, sageréhe dātak, war
tídu.

_I went behind him_, égelēgh iládăras.

_Let us look behind us_, sanishlámanak dáranak [sanishlámanagh
dáranagh].

_Lest these men betray us_, war hanak [hanagh] ighádernit ídinet
ídagh.

[Note: _El hakk_ is Arab. and final _i_ the Arab. pronoun “my.” _Tassedet_, thou hast made even, æquasti. See 168.

_Sageréhe_, if it is one word, would seem by 11 to mean “look with pleasure.”

_Tidu_ (rather _tidut_? or _tidurt_?). See 104.

_Sanishlam_. See 11.

_Ighádernit_, fem. plur., because _idinet_ (_duniat_, Arab.) is fem.]

231. _All round this mountain_, ádar wādagh terlaite,

_there is fine pasture_, éhe téshe tehōske.

_At the side of the mosque_, tamizgída d’ edisennis [_the mosque,
at its side_],

_is a large well_, ehe ānu makkōren.

_Sit down at my side_, arem d’ édisín.

[Note: _Arem_ = _aghēm_ = _aqīm_ = _ekem_, sit, stay.]

232. _Opposite each other_, inéhăsan gerēsan.

_Sit opposite to me, thy face to me_, arim dihādar annădīd seri
idiménnek.

_He sat opposite, his face to me_, ekēm annădíd seri ideménnis.

_To your right_, dek arīl innek. (201.)

_Keep to your right_, akel sibberīn arílinnek [go keeping _your
right_?].

_To your left_, fel teshelgínak.

[Note: _Inéhăsan_ = _inéhăzan_, from _ihaz_, 55., he was near. _Gerēsan_, inter se.

_Dihadar_, from Ar. حاضر, “present.”

_Annădīd_, παράλληλος? from _ned_, αλλος (as Kab.). Ben Mūsa gives _ghīm nediu_, sit near me, as Temght. So _endi_, nearest, next. It is spelt with _d_ or _t_ thick in Kab.

_Akel_, go thou? see 124.; or, turn thou? See 25.

_Sibber_, from Arab. صبر?]

233. _When you go from Timbúktu to Gúndam_, ke tesékalak dak Timbýtku
kēk Gúndam.

_Leave the river at your left_, óye eghírrëu fel arē wa-n-
téshilgēn.

_And you have open country on your right_, d-óyak bóderār fel ărē
wa-n-aríli.

[Note: _Tesékalak_, read _tesékalat_? 2nd pers. sing.

_Oyak_, elsewhere, is “I left.”

_Boderār_, open country.]

234. [_Ordinarily the river is shallow, below the place of this year_],
ennādir eghírrëu adejāsal, éder ádiget tenídagh.

_This exceeds that_, wādagh yūgar wādagh.

_There is nothing left of it_, war akímēn ders harret.

[Note: _S ennādir_, in custom?

_Adejāsal_, pres. tense from _gazal_, to be short? (gzl _or_ wzl.)]

235. _That is a different thing_, wādagh amūs harret.

_It is rare_, war agīt.

_Similar_, amélehen.

_It is like_, yúlehe, yúle.

_Like_, shynd, sund [zund?]

_All the same_, berīsh.

[Note: _Amūs_, moves, changes?

_War agīt_, it does not _do_ (it)?

_Yúlehe, yūle_. See 40.

_Sund_ is _zund_ and _zun_ in Kab. (Arab. _zain_, comely, elegant.)]

236. _Whichever way you take, every where you find water_, atif tígedi
titetaffet, dags attiggeraut áman (_take straight which-you-take,
on it you alight (on) water?_).

_Keep straight on_, áttil tígĕdid ghas (_keep straight only_).

_Straight_, tígĕdid.

[Note: In Kab. _tidīd_, true, seems to be here _tigĕdid_ or _tidĕgid_.

_Attil_, be thou? = _ili_?]

237. _Do not [trouble yourself?_ or _run?] this way, nor that?_ war
_has_ tishlet, sĭhā, wolla sĭhā.

_The river runs between mountains_, eghírrëu yūshal ger adāren.

_The road leads through a thick forest, where are plenty of
lions_, abárraka teha (igesh) arkit ŭrmā; ihe tawăkast; ehant
éwokhsan.

[Note: _War ash tishlet_: _has_, for him? _tishlet_, from _yushal_, runs, or from _shela_, disturb, bustle, 115.

_Ihe_ or _diha_, where.

_Ehant_, 152., there are.

_Wokhs_, wild beast; Arab. _wahhūsh_.

_Tawak(h)ast_, wild beasts collectively.]

238. _I arrived before him, and had to wait for him_, nék ésagh arássit
awādagh índeë dawat shwārakĕdás.

_I arrived after_ him [_thee?_], nek ósegh dārak.

_After the corruption of the whole earth, Jesus will descend_,
dāret adígdig-n-ákal íkétĕnes, adezūbet ʿAísa.

[Note: _Esagh_ = _esegh_, from _yose_, he arrived. _Arasset_ = Kab. _azzeth_, before? See 140. _Indi_, (not) yet.

_Dawat_, from _awaṭ_, he arrived? 51.

_Shuaragh-ed-as_, I anticipated him?

_Daret_, for _dar_, after; so _darret_ in Prod. Son.

_Adigdig_, crush, in 130.

_Adezūbet_, from _zōb_, 62.]

NOUNS.

{ Ámanay.
_God_, {
{ Mesí.[93]

_By the great God_, se Ámanay mákkaren _or_ imakóren.

_Our Lord_, Mesí-nak.

_The great God_, Mesí-nak imakóren.

_God the ruler_, Mesí-nak yitkál.

{ Mesí-nak enta ghás.
{
_The one God_, { Mesí-nak íyen ghás.
{
{ Mesí-nak iyéntinten.

_God, who has no fellow (companion)_, Mesí-nak war ilamídi,

_nor has shape? (bounds?)_ war ilára,

_nor measure?_ war iléhit.

_God has no measure neither of space nor time_, Mesí-nak úri hehéndek
war ilédek war ihédek, war ihédek wá, wolladar wá, war ihehéndek, war
úgedi tíketi.

{ imekéder-n-talrewēn.
_Lord of the wonders_, {
{ Mesís-n-talrewēn.

_The Uncreated_, wardikhalíg. (_Arab._)

_The Creator_, amakhalāg. (_Arab._)

_Cultivator of the soul?_ amákarash imman.

_Lord of the soul_, Mesís imman.

_The Merciful Shepherd_, amadān-n-tahánint.

_The Victorious_, emirni.

_The Extirpator_, amáng.

_The Living_, emay (from Arab. _hay_).

_The Judge Supreme_, ntarna tógerit (?).

_All the creatures of the Lord are to gather in (in the court of)
Jerusalem on the day of resurrection_, timákhlukēn-n-Mesí-nak rurret
didaunet istérrabat-n-bét el Mákkadus áshel wá-n-el kiámet.

_One part of them enter the hell and remain there, others enter
paradise and remain there_, wuī tajéshen témsi ajíshente, wuī tajéshen
aljennet ajíshente.

_The evil spirits_, alghafáriten. (_Arab._)

_Devil_, eblís. (_Arab._)

_Angel_, anyĕlus,[94] _pl._ anyelúsen.

_Demon_, alshín, _pl._ alshĭnen. (_Arab._)

_Female demon_, talshín.

_The paradise enter the people who (have been) good, the hell those
who (have been) bad_, aljennet atajéshen ídinet wuī yolāghnin, témsi
atajéshen ídinet wuī labásen.

{ al kurshi. (_Arab._)
_The throne (of God)_, {
{ algharsh. (_Arab_).

_The day of resurrection_, áshel wá-n-el kiámet.

_The world_, eddúnia (rurret).

_Heaven_, ashínna.

_The seven heavens_, say ishínnawen.

_Sun_, tafōk.

_The sun warms his face hot to-day_, tafōk tenádit idéminis wakúsen
áshel dín, [Comp. tenedēt, _fever heat_.]

_The sun burns, the people are perspiring_, tafōk tarra, ídinet tufay
dersen tíde [exit per eos sudor].

_The strength of the sun’s heat_, tisenánit (n-takós enis).

_Sunbeams_, ezéreran-n-tafōk.

_Dawn of sun (of day)_, enaréren-n-tafōk.

_The sun is eclipsed (to-day)_, tafōk témmere áshel ídagh.

_Moon_, ayōr.

_The moon is about to come forth (rise)_, ayōr abóki ebárbar.

_The moon rises_, ayōr ebárbar.

_The moon is setting_, ayōr abóki éjedel.

_The moon sets_, ayōr ódal.

_Full moon_, ahadōr (akókehat?).

_Moonlight_, timelle-n-ayōr.

_Halo_, áfarak-n-ayōr.

_The moon has a halo_, ayōr yuwát áfarak.

_The moon is eclipsed to-night_, ayōr amére éhad ídagh.

_Galaxy_, mahellen.

_Star_, átar; _pl._ ítaren.

_The stars shine forth_, ítaren iknán ebarbar.

_The stars shine brightly_, ítaren iknán ashishíllwak.

_Lucifer_, tátari.

{ amawen-n-éhad.
_Vesper_, {
{ ashímmelesh.

_Pleiad_, shéttahat.

_Cross_ (mejbúa), amanár.

{ tafaut (_of sun_).
{
_Light_, { teméllolot (_of moon_).
{
{ tisákhsarēn (_as thrown through latticework, &c._).

_Darkness_, tíhay.

_Fata morgana_, éle.

_Shade, shadow_, téle.

{ takōs.
_Heat_, {
{ ténede.

{ iredēm.
_Cold_, {
{ asammēṭ.

_The cold has penetrated to my bones_, asammēṭ ejáserín darrim eghás
ení.

_North_, afelle.

_South_, agūs.

_East_, amaina.

_West_, atāram.

_North-east (between east and north)_, ger amaina ge de felle.

_Air_, hawa. (_Arab._)

_Summer_, iwílen.

_Beginning of rainy season (called awára in Timbúktu)_, asherágu.

_Rainy season_, ákase.

_The rainy season is over_, ákase íbse.

_Cold season_, tágerist.

_The dark nights (the worst part of the cold season)_, éhaden
esáttefen.

{ afásko.
_Spring (called tifísko in Timbúktu)_, {
{ fatáfet.

_Wind, gale_, témadálet.

_I see there is rising a heavy gale_, ánhiagh dehén denákar temadálet
imakkóren.

_Storm, whirlwind_, teshigwálet.

{ teshwálet teshigwálet.
_Storm gathers_, {
{ tegéd ders teshigwálet.

_Heavy rain clouds_, tamsíggenaut.

_Red clouds_, tíggerakīn.

_Lightning_, ésan.

_Thunder_, éjaj.

_It thunders_, etájij.

_Lightning (thunder) has struck the tree and split it_[95], éjaj ódagh
fel ehíshk atákhtak áfarás farás.

{ ajínne.
_Rain_, {
{ ákonay.

_It is raining_, ajínne égat.

_The rain is coming, it is dripping_, ákona ízay, dekun tabákhtabek.

_Raindrops_ (reshresh), tídam.

_Moderate rain_, ahīs.

_Heavy shower_, tabéut.

_Long lasting rain, now ceasing, then beginning again_, tahaléhalay.

_Hail_, igidirshān.

_The hail falls, beating and tearing the tents_, igidirshān ófayen,
ishohárnin nábajen ihánnan isararawen ihánnan.

_Rainbow_, agagónil (ajejénet?).

_Fog_, abínnag, ebénnag.

_To day is a foggy day, nobody can see anything_, áshel idagh íja
ebénnag, war ihínne awádem harret.

_Dew_, táras.

_Much dew has fallen this night_, éhad ídagh íja táras tejēt.

_Time_, elwakkat. (_Arab._)

_Year_, áwatay.

_Five years_, summus útien.

_Century_, temĕde-n-áwatay.

_A year of famine_, manne.

_Month_, ayōr.

_Three months_, karád ayōren.

_Day_, áshel.

_Four days_, akōs eshílan.

_This is a fine day_, áshel ídagh íkkena teshéldeje.

_Dawn_, énarēr.

_Morning_, tifaut.

_Dhahar_ (_about_ 9 A.M.), agidélsit.

_Heat of the day_, tárahōd.

{ aríl-n-áshel.
_Noon_, {
{ ammas-n-áshel.

_Zawál_, azíwal.

_Dhohor_ (_about_ 2 P.M.), tézar.

_ʿAser_, tákast.

_Sunset_, ágadel-n-tafōk.

_Time of prayer after sunset_, almos.

_Evening_, táduit.

_Prayer of ʿashá_, tesótsin.

_Night_, éhad; _pl._ éhaden.

{ ammas-n-éhad.
_Midnight_, {
{ tazúnne-n-éhad.

_To-morrow_, ashikke.

_Early to-morrow morning_, ashikken semmút.

_To-morrow at noon_, aríl-n-áshel ashikké.

_The day after to-morrow_, áshel wuēn shel ashíkke.

_Yesterday_, endíshel.

_Last night_, endáhed, endód.

{ áshelendín.
{
_The day before yesterday_, { ashelnád.
{
{ áshel wuén ásel endázel.

{ tenī, tinéda.
_This year_, {
{ áwatay ídagh.

{ inhād.
_Last year_, {
{ tenínde.

{ tenendīn.
_Two years ago_, {
{ essīn útien.

_Next year_, áwatay wué ’lkamén éwuanen had.

_This month_, der ayōr ídagh.

_Next month_, ayōr wá yílkeme ayōr ídagh.

_This month is about to close_, ayōr wādagh ishwar íbbeded _or_ amūt.

_Saturday_, Essébbet. }
}
_Sunday_, Alhád. }
}
_Monday_, Elitnín. }
}
_Tuesday_, Eltenáta. } _Arab._
}
_Wednesday_, Lárba. }
}
_Thursday_, Elkhamís. }
}
_Friday_, Eljýmma. }

_Week (seven days)_, sá shílen (eshílen).

_Moharrem_, Tamasíddig.

_Safar_, Téurt tatézaret. }
} Turēn sanátet.
_Rebia I._, Téurt tatílkamat. }

_Rébia II._, Azíma zarén.

_Jumád I._, Azíman ammas.

_Jumád II._, Azíman térirdēn.

_Rejeb_, Tinemégerēn.

_Shʿabán_, Janfo.

_Ramadhán_, Azūm.

_Háj_, Tésubdār.

_Shawál_, Tesissi tatézaret. }
} Tésist sanáten.
_Dhu el Heje_, Tesissi tatílkamat. }

{ émsewel.
_Echo_, {
{ tākoy.

_Fire_, éfëu.

_Flame_, táhist.

_Spark_, temántest; _pl._ temántesīn.

_Firecoals_, tezózan.

_Ashes_, ézit-n-éfëu.

_Smoke_, ahū.

_Water_, áman.

_Land, earth_, ákal.

_Country of the Awelímmiden_, ákal wá-n-Wuëlímmiden.

_Island_, aútel.

_Wilderness_, arkit.

_Clear forest_, éhishkan amitarétaréen.

_Impassable covert_, árkit urmá.

_Dense forest_, arkit arú, _or_ akóren.

_Desert_, afélle (_prop. North_).

_Hammáda, desert plain_, tanazrúfet.

_Plain_, étaras.

_Large valley_, erárar.

_Valley with a torrent_, eghásher = eghzer _in other dialects_.

_Small torrent_, egherrēr.

_Mountain_, ádar; _pl._ ádaren.

_Inaccessible mountain_, ádar urmá war teh’ abárraka.

_Hill_, tádakt.

_Sandhill_, tégift; _pl._ tégefēn.

_(Range) of high sandhills_, tégefēn ogidáhenet.

_Small sandhill_, teneshmór.

_Rock_, tahónit.

_Stone_, tahōn.

_Source_, tét; _pl._ tittawen.

{ { ebenkōr.
{ _shallow_, {
_Well_, { { tíris.
{
{ _deep_, ānu.

_River_, eghírrëu.

{ ér.
_Branch of river_, {
{ ádar-n-eghírrëu.

_Current_, ámanen (_waters_).

_Wave_, tínezémmart.

_Deep place of channel in river_, télak-n-áman.

_Bank of river_, ásarīm, _or_ ésalīm.

_Ford_, teawent.

_Torrent, rivulet_, anghi.

_Sea (the salt river)_, eghírrëu wa symmen.

_Temporary lake, pond_, abéng.

_Black naked soil round a pond_, tifárrawen.

_Green surface on stagnant pool_, tahízzak.

_Cavity, hole_, terárart (_dim._ of erárar).

_Sand_, témelilt.

_Lime_, tálak.

_Mud_, íllebék.

_Stones, or rather, round masses of lump (called_ áfaray _in
Timbúktu), for building_, ebélghetān.

_Black soil_, ákal ikaúelit.

_White sandy soil_, ákal iméllen.

_Field_, shékarash.

_Stubble-field_, tédik; _pl._ tedkēn.

_Hedge, fence_, áfarak. (_Arab._)

_Slight fence_, táfarak.

{ abárraka.
_Road_, {
{ tábarit.

_Tree_, ehíshk; _pl._ éhishkan.

{ absag.
_Young tree, bush_, {
{ tasúgit.

_Root (of tree)_, tékewēn.

_Wood_, ésaghēr.

_Bad spot in wood_, ikerísh keráshen.

_Branch_, ílleket; _pl._ ílliktān.

_Splinter_, tímetaut; _pl._ tímetawen.

_Leaf_, ālan ehíshk.

_Large leaves_ (?), tefárketēn-n-ehíshk.

_Dúm-leaves_, takílkatén-n-akōf.

_Bark_, tissífuft.

_Peel, husk_, kékkabēn.

_Flower_, tábuit.

_Fruits, (pl.)_ áraten-n-ehíshkan.

_Seed, seeds_, ísambān.

_Thorn_, ísinnān.

_Talha_, ésaghēr (tésaghart).

_Mimosa gummifera_, auwárwar.

_A thorny tree in the river_, tagerábba.

_E’tíl_, aghar (taghart).

_Duwé (variety of ficus)_, tedúmumt.

_Síddret el hoë_, akéllefe.

_Tamarind (tree and fruit)_, busúsu.

_Monkey-bread tree (baobab)_, tekúdust.

_Fruit of monkey-bread tree_, tefíngora.

_Tree called_ ásabay _in Timbúktu_, ána.

_Nebek-tree (zizyphus)_, ferkénnish.

_Nebek-fruit_, tabákkat; _pl._ tibakkáten.

_Siwák_, }
} _Capparis sodata_, téshak.
_El irák_, }

_Root of siwák_, éke-n-téshak.

_Dúm-bush (sgillem)_, akōf.

_Dúm-palm_, tagait.

_Fruits of dúm-palm_, tibélkukawēn.

_Seed of dúm-palm_, tibargárrarēn.

_Date-tree_, tashdait.

_Date_, téheni.

_Date-stone_, egeft.

_Deléb (Borassus flabelliformis?)_, tekúkat; _pl._ tekúkatēn.

{ _fresh_, téshe.
_Herbage_, {
{ _dry_, téshe yekōr.

_Pennisetum distichum (eníti)_ úzak.

_Hád_, tashăret.

_Talubbút_, teliggít.

_Bú rékkeba (Panicum colonum)_, arárfasú.

_Young, tender herbage_, ínghalas.

_Reed_, kógeri.

_Knot of reed_, tekárdofēn-n-kógeri.

_Pennisetum typhoïdeum (héni)_, éneli.

{ _white_, abórak.
{
_Sorghum (sába)_, { _red_, kelénki.
{
{ _black_, síbi.

{ tellúmt.
{
_Bran_, { dú.
{
{ ábid.

_Ear of the corn_, tégenit.

_Seeds of the corn_, tezawēn.

_The large seeds_ (?), igénshiten.

_The small seeds_ (?), isemaráten.

_Crops about to come forth from the ground_, sibbergábelagh áfagh.

_Corn of all kinds_, alūn.

{ asáka.
{
{ asralt (asghalt?).
_Various species of kréb (Pòa)_, {
{ táshit.
{
{ téjebalt.

_Rice_, táfakat.

_Wheat_, elkáme. (_Arab._)

_Barley_, farkasúbu.

_Cucurbita melopepo (el hadésh)_, beráberá.

_Water-melon_, kaukáune.

_Onion_, takhfar; _pl._ tékhfaren.

_Cotton_, takerókerit; _pl._ tíkurukarēn.

_Indigo_, síggeni.

_Nymphæa lotus_, kalókaló.

_Endairi_, tikíndi.

_Senna (fálajít)_, abellenját.

_Saffron_, tenármet.

_Æsclepias gigantea (turja)_, túrsha; _pl._ túrshawēn.

_Colocynth_, lému.

_Bundle (bawíye)_, bánguru; _pl._ bangurúten.

_Two small bundles_, ákas.

_Tame animals_, erezégen.

_Camel_, ámenis; _pl._ ímmenās.

_She-camel_, tólamt.

_Herd of camels_, tólemīn.

_An active camel (ʿomali)_, errígga.

_Old camel_, ʿamál.

{ áwara.
_Young camel_, {
{ álagód.

{ wuásigen.
_Herd of 100 head of camels or cattle_ {
{ témedent.

_Ox_, asau; _pl._ eswanen (_Hausa_, sah, _pl._ sanu).

{ híwan. (_Tademekket._)
_Cow_, tas; _pl._ {
{ shítan. (_Awelimmid._)

_Fattened cow, not bearing young_, tamzak.

_Ox of burden_, audis; _pl._ audísen. (pl. _sanu_).

_Bullock_, amáke.

{ ések.
{
{ éhedel.
{
_Calf_, { alóki; _pl._ ilókian.
{
{ abárkau.
{
{ ilíngeya; _pl._ ilingéyaten.

_All kinds of animals for riding_, sawát; _pl._ sawáten.

_Horse (common good horse)_, aïs; _pl._ íyesan.

_Horse of excellent qualities_, (aïs) anákfōr (_brave?_).

_Horse of inferior qualities_, ibégge.

_A favourite horse_, tásenit (_well known?_).

_This is my favourite horse; I do not allow anybody to mount it_,
wādagh tásenítin; war ikbélagh ateténne awādem.

{ afákkarem.
_Nag_, {
{ kókorō.

_Horse of peculiar colour_, ashúlag.

_Grey horse, with spots of brown_, amúlas.

_Other variety_, áderi.

_Grey_, ágelán.

_Grey, with a shade of green_, idémmi.

{ áharas.
{
_Brown horse_, { átelak.
{
{ aïs neggōr.

_Horse with white feet_, aïs wá-n-ásabōr.

_Mare_, tábagōt (_fem. of_ ibegge?).

_Foal_, áhogi.

_Filly_, táhogít.

_Ass_, íshed; _pl._ íshedan. [_Ghad._, azīd; _Ben Mūsa’s Temght_,
ahīd.]

_Female ass_, teshéd.

_Full grown ass_, ázar [azagh?] _Hausa_, saki.

_Full grown female ass_, tázaut, tézaght.

_Old male ass_, adánki.

{ temainúk.
{
_Young of ass_, { ahólil; _fem._ tahólilt.
{
{ tamay.

{ tíhatēn.
_Sheep_, tekhse, _pl._ {
{ téheli.

_Sheep with long wool_, tikíndemēn.

{ kíruwan; _pl._ kíruwatēn.
_Young of sheep_, {
{ ajaímara; _pl._ ajaímarátin.

_Ram_, ábbegug; _pl._ íbbegān.

_He-goat_, ashólak.

_She-goat_, tághat; _pl._ ulli.

_Dog_, édi; _pl._ íyedan.

_Cat_, mús.

_Mice_, akōr.

_Field-mice_, adō.

_Fáret el khél_, araránga.

_Rat_, irállen.

{ temáregesht.
_Wild animals_, {
{ tiwaksēn, táwakast.

{ éher; _pl._ éheran.
_Lion_, {
{ éwukshan.

_Young of lion_, aledásh.

{ bubánti.
{
_Surnames of lion_, { budegaye.
{
{ intende.

_Leopard_, awáshit, elwáshil.

{ ashebógel.
_Surnames of leopard_, {
{ gérrier.

_Hyena_, arídal.

{ énadár.
_Surnames of hyena_, {
{ erkínni.

_Jackal_, ebég; _pl._ ebeggán.

{ intainót.
{
_Surnames of jackal_, { intaine sóso.
{
{ intangrén.

_Elephant_, élu; _pl._ éluan.

_Giraffe_, amdar; _pl._ imídderen.

_Erkemím (buffalo)_, asaráke.

_Lymhe, Leucoryx_, ashamál; _pl._ íshemál.

_Úrik, antelope_, ésham.

_Urkíye, the female_, tésham; túrik.

_Ar, other antelope_, agíngara.

_Oryx_, téderít; _pl._ tederáten.

_Other species of antelope_, ábeshaw; _pl._ tebeshawen.

_Gazella mohor_, énhar; _fem._ ténhar; _pl._ ténharén.

_Young of mohor_, alímmu.

_Gazelle_, ashínkat.

_Young of gazelle_, aushím.

_Resting-place of gazelle_, abatōl-n-ashínkat; _pl._ ibtál.

_Wild sheep_, ulli-n-arúk.

_Porcupine, hedgehog (dhurbán)_, támarait.

_Gamfúd (squirrel?)_, tekenésit.

_Hare_, temáruwelt.

_Small animal like the hare_, áshan ábarōm.

_Bú el gedemāt_, akazáse.

{ haya.
{
_Monkey_, { fonóten.
{
{ ibíddawen, _pl._ abárdawil. (?)

_River-horse, (called_ banga _in Timbúktu)_, agámba.

{ aráta.
_Crocodile (ákaray)_, {
{ akátel.

_Smaller species_ (سقنقور _Lacerta monitor?_), zangway.

_Chameleon_, tahau.

_Frog_, égar.

_Manatus_, ayū.

_Fish_, ámen.

_Largest species of fish (Perca Nilotica?)_, tehéddelt-n-áman.

_Large black fish_, déshir.

{ tashéllin.
_Other species_, {
{ tagónit.

_A species, of white colour, and great thickness_, tagursíyat.

{ tagúndirit.
{
_Other species_, { tehéddadash.
{
{ saríya.

_A fish with four large teeth and red tail_, zawegíru.

_Cyprinus Niloticus_, dá.

_Mormyrus oxyrinchus_, wusí.

{ horá.
{
{ ejíjra.
_Other species of fish_, {
{ marámbana.
{
{ hánjerít.

_Malapterurus electricus?_ tarlíbambó.

_Smallest species of fish_, íshenrá.

_Snake_, táshilt.

_Large species of snake which devours the gazelle_, tanároët.

_A large snake, between green and black_, tagíber.

_Tabelénke_, tajébdaret.

{ iméggel.
_Other kinds of snake_, {
{ emellel katetúngu.

_Scorpion_, tezérdemt.

_Lizard_, magédar; _pl._ imegédaren.

_Bú-néna (small black lizard)_, agaráyan.

{ _large_, yúma.
_Turtle_, {
{ _small_, akéyun.

_Bird_, agadíd; _pl._ íggedád.

_Young bird_, ákirt; _pl._ íkirtán.

_Cock_, ákes; _pl._ íkesan.

_Hen_, tákeshít.

_Chicken_, íkirtán-n-tákeshít.

_Pigeon_, teddebérat; _pl._ idebíren.

_Egg_, tésadalt; _pl._ tesadálen.

_Ostrich_, énnehe (énnehel?); _pl._ énhal.

_Empty egg of ostrich, placed on the top of the huts_, átakís-n-
énnehe; _pl._ itkás.

_Vulture_, ágadīr; _pl._ ígderān.

_Hadaya_, tegardímmat.

_Rahme_, tarálgi.

_Guinea-hen_ (_called in Timbúktu_ el kabésh), tailelt; _pl._
taílalēn.

_Young of guinea-hen_, isuwíten.

_Kumarén_, tének.

_Crow_, _pl._ tíbkakēn.

_Stork_, walíya.

_Spoonbill (ádanay)_, gelgútta; _pl._ gelguttíten.

_Sparrow_, ákabōr.

_Little red bird_, sheterjénne.

_Fly_, _pl._ éshan.

_Horse-fly_, azarúwal.

_Bee_, isimbo; _pl._ isimboën.

_Mosquito_, tadést.

_Small black ant_, téatuf.

_Large red ant_, ádehik.

_Large black ant (el kós)_, kíldekó.

_White ant_, temmédhe.

_Ant-hill_, arámmin.

_Worm_, ibékkebék.

_Worm whose bite is painful_, ekímdal.

_Mukhét el ardh (venomous)_, agaraye.

_Earwigs (amaroës)_, asís.

_A white worm that penetrates into the nose of the camel_, tózera.

_Corn worm_, mulúl.

_Leather worm_, túkemat.

_Beetle_, ákhshinshēr; _pl._ takhshínsharēn.

_Lice_, télik; _pl._ tilkīn.

_Camel lice_, teselúfet; _pl._ téselfīn.

_Caterpillar_, tázelit.

_Tail of horse, cow, camel, &c._, tedémbut.

_Hair on the front of horse_, täunshut.

_Mane_, azak.

_End of mane_, tul-azák.

_White spot on the front of horse_, tesénnit.

_Hoof_, éskar; _pl._ éskaren.

_Trot_, teréggit.

_Peculiar kind of trot_, tághala.

_Gallop_, asháwenk.

{ táhaja.
{
{ tikínkarēn.
_Various kinds of diseases of horses_, {
{ árashād.
{
{ tillík.

_Ulcer of horse, &c._, tefédit.

_Dry scab_, áshiyūt.

_El mebbár_, amsérarágh.

_Sudden death_, rárat.

_Place where the horses usually lie down_, ásabel-n-bal.

_Chest of camel_, tásgint.

_Horn of ox_, ésok; _pl._ ískawen.

_Hoofs of ox_, tínsawen.

_Udder_, tezé.

_Teat_, ifáffar.

_Footprint_, ésem; _pl._ ísmawen.

_Place of former cattle-pen_, adánda.

_Dead body_, makhsúlj. (_Arab._)

_Bill of bird_, ákamkōm.

_Wing_, _pl._ aferéwen.

_Feather_, tesággad; _pl._ tesággadēn.

_Nest_, ásakōk.

_Crest of cock_, arárkob wá-n-akés.

_Gills of cock_, tilághlaghēn.

_Fins of fish_, sasángun-n-ámen; _pl._ sasánguten-n-ámen.

_Man, husband_, ális, hális; _pl._ méden.

{ ídinet.
_People_, {
{ ítidim.

{ tamṭut, }
_Woman_, { } _pl._ tídedén.
{ támat, }

_Wife, partner_, hannis.

_Mongrel_, shankōt.

{ ti, shi.
_Father_, {
{ oba, aba.

_Mother_, amma.

_Grandfather_, tís-n-tís.

_Grandmother_, ammas-n-mas.

_Ancestor_, ámaren; _pl._ emárrawen.

{ _elder_, ámakār.
_Brother_, {
{ _younger_, amádaray.

{ íknewen.
_Twins_, {
{ imakkerésen.

{ _elder_, támakart.
_Sister_, {
{ _younger_, tamádarait.

{ shitmás. (?)
_Maternal uncle_, {
{ téshikkár.

{ más.
_Paternal uncle_, {
{ angathmán.

_Sister’s son_, tagéshe, tagése.

{ _from father’s side_, ulátemas-n-ti(s).
_(His) aunt_, {
{ _from mother’s side_, ulátemas-n-ma(s).

_Elder sister of father_, támakart-n-aba.

_Cousin_, ábubásh.

_Son of aunt_, ará-n-dedén.

_Niece_, ará-n-_m_edenét?

_Mother of family (múla el khéme)_, mesís-n-éha.

_Family_, ágadish, égedesh.

_Widow (during the first three months)_, támat tetáf alhuddet. (_Half
Arab._)

_Embryo_, ára.

{ róri, }
_Child_, { } _pl._ ilíaden.
{ áliad, }

{ ínek.
_Son_, {
{ róri, rúri.

{ ábarad.
_Boy_, {
{ alaróren?

_Lad (adult)_, amáwad; _pl._ imáwaden.

_Daughter_, weleṭ.

_Girl_, táliad; _pl._ tilíaden.

_Full-grown (handsome girl)_, tamásroït; _pl._ timísroiyáti.

_Old man_, ámaghār (pronounced _amrār_).

_Elderly woman_, támaghast.