Chapter IV: The White-Lipped Tamarin. Midas Labiatus

_Midas labiatus_, Geoffr., Ann. Mus., xix., p. 121 (1812); Gray, Cat.
Monkeys Brit. Mus., p. 66 (1870).

_Jacchus labiatus_, Desmarest, Mammalog., p. 95 (1820); Humb., Rec.
d'Obs. Zool., Prod. sp. 44 (1811).

_Hapale labiata_, Wagner in Schreb., Säugeth., i., p. 246 (1840); Mus.
Pays Bas, vii., p. 260 (1876, part).

CHARACTERS.--General colour black; under side reddish, the black terminating on the front of the chest in a straight line, the hinder part of the back washed with grey; the hinder part of the chest, belly, inside of the limbs, and the under side of the root of the tail, rust-colour; tip of nose and edges of upper and lower lips white.

DISTRIBUTION.--The forests on the north side of the Amazon.

{142}V. THE RED-BELLIED TAMARIN. MIDAS RUFIVENTER.

_Midas rufiventer_, Gray, Ann. and Mag. N. H., xii., p. 398 (1843); id.
P. Z. S., 1865, p. 735; id. Cat. Monkeys Brit. Mus., p. 66 (1870).

_Midas elegantulus_, Slack, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Philad., 1861, p. 463.

_Hapale labiata_ (nec Geoffr.), Schl., Mus. Pays Bas, vii., p. 260
(part).

CHARACTERS.--Head, throat, fore-limbs, tail, and hands deep glossy black; hairs of back, sides, and posterior limbs black, broadly tipped with white, not regularly ringed; belly, breast and inner surface of limbs bright brick-red, separated by a distinct line from the black of the back and outer surface of the limbs. On the back of the head a small patch of the same colour as the back; on the top of the head a golden-yellow triangular patch. Lips and tip of the nose, white.

This species is distinguished from the White-lipped Tamarin (_M. labiatus_) by the spot on the crown and nape; and by the rufous of the under side extending forward nearer to the throat.

DISTRIBUTION.--Banks of the Upper Amazon. Mr. Bates shot a specimen at Tunantins in 69° W. long., and 4° S. lat.

HABITS.--Nothing is known of the habits of this species.

Closely allied to the Red-bellied Tamarin is the so-called MOUSTACHED TAMARIN (_Midas mystax_, Spix), in which the head, shoulders, and tail are black; the body above brown, sometimes ringed with white, and the belly bright rust-coloured. It can be distinguished, as Dr. Slack points out, from _M. rufiventer_, by the want of the ashy tips to the hairs of the back {143}and posterior limbs, and the triangular golden spot on the vertex. The hairs of this spot are golden throughout their entire length, in this respect resembling another closely related Upper Amazonian species, the so-called BONNETED TAMARIN (_M. pileatus_, Is. Geoffr.), from which it can readily be distinguished by the black colour of the under surface. The back of the Bonneted Tamarin is also varied, black and grey, the limbs and tail are blackish, and the lips white.

VI. DEVILLE'S TAMARIN. MIDAS WEDDELLI.

_Midas weddellii_, Deville, Rev. et Mag. de Zool., 1849, p. 55.

_Midas devillii_, Is. Geoffr., Cat. Méth. Primates, p. 64 (1851);
Castelnau, Expéd. Amér. Sud, Mamm., pl. vi., fig. 2 (1855); Gray, Cat.
Monkeys Brit. Mus., p. 67 (1870).

_Midas leucogenys_, Gray, P. Z. S., 1865, p. 735; id. Cat. Monkeys Brit.
Mus., p. 67 (1870).

_Hapale devillei_, Schl., Mus. Pays Bas, vii., p. 262 (1876).

_Hapale weddelii_, Schl., t. c. p. 262.

CHARACTERS.--Fur of back ringed with grey; that of the head, neck, and front of the fore- and hind-limbs, tail, hands, and feet black; loins, thighs, legs, and base of tail bright maroon.

DISTRIBUTION.--Obtained by MM. Castelnau and Deville, at Sarayacu, in the Peruvian Amazons.

VII. THE BLACK-FRONTED TAMARIN. MIDAS NIGRIFRONS.

_Midas nigrifrons_, Geoffr., Cat. Méth. Primates, p. 64 (1851).

_Midas flavifrons_, var. c. _Midas nigrifrons_, Gray, Cat. Monkeys Brit.
Mus., p. 67 (1870).

_Hapale nigrifrons_, Schl., Mus. Pays Bas, vii., p. 263 (1876).

{144}CHARACTERS.--Differs from _M. weddelli_ in having the fur washed with rufous, and the hairs finely ringed.

DISTRIBUTION.--Unknown.

VIII. THE BROWN-HEADED TAMARIN. MIDAS FUSCICOLLIS.

_Midas fuscicollis_, Spix, Sim. et Vespert. Bras., p. 27, pl. 20 (1823).

_Midas flavifrons_, Is. Geoffr., Cat. Méth. Primates, p. 64 (1851);
Castelnau, Expéd. Amér. Sud, Mamm., pl. vi., fig. 1 (1855); Gray, Cat.
Monkeys, Brit. Mus., p. 67 (1870).

_Midas devillii_ (nec Is. Geoffr.), Slack, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Philad.,
1861, p. 464.

_Hapale fuscicollis_, Schl., Mus. Pays Bas, vii., p. 264 (1876).

_Hapale chrysomelas_ (nec Kuhl), Schl., t. c. p. 254.

CHARACTERS.--Pelage mostly black; head and face brown or reddish-brown, with some grey hairs; lips white, but the nose black; top of the head yellow, or yellowish-red; back yellow and black; hands and feet black; outside of the limbs and base of the tail reddish; under side of the body and inside of the limbs brownish-red.

The female differs in having the outside of the limbs and the underpart of the body blackish.

DISTRIBUTION.--Brazil.

HABITS.--Nothing is known of the individual habits of this species.