Chapter XXXIV: Part I: , "Dutch Manuscripts, 1630-64;" Albany, 1865. Part II, (4)

Courtship: methods of male, i, 202-7;
free. 210-23;
regulated in early New England, ii, 162-66;
by Governor Wyatt of Virginia, 236, 237;
by Pennsylvania Quakers, 323 and n. 5, 324, 325.

Cousins, first: intermarriage of, legalized by Henry VIII., but
opposed in New England colonies, ii, 212, 213;
opposed by Pennsylvania Quakers, 322;
laws restricting, in various states, ii, 397, 433, 474.

_Couvade_, i, 36; said to arise in sexual taboo, 54;
theories of, 112 and n. 4.

Covenant, the marriage: distinguished from the contract in
Connecticut, ii, 147.

Coverdale, Miles: translates Bullinger's _Christen State_, ii, 72.
(_See_ Bullinger.)

Cowley, C.: quoted, ii, 280;
divorce cases collected by, 332, 370 n. 3.

Cowyll: bride-price in Wales, i, 200 n. 3.

Coyness: as ground of sham capture, i, 175, 176.

Cranmer, Archbishop: marries, i, 394, 395.

Crawley, Ernest: his _Mystic Rose_, i, 35;
on sexual taboo among Australians, 54;
class nomenclatures, 76;
the _couvade_, 112 n. 4;
incest and promiscuity, 131, note;
separate language of women as result of sexual taboo, 158 n. 5;
connubial and formal capture, 177 and n. 1;
tattooing and other mutilations, 206 n. 2.

Creeks, i, 104; liberty of choice among, 213.

Crete: symbol of capture in, i, 171.

Criminal conversation: action for, ii, 114.

Crnagora: divorce in, i, 244 n. 2.

Cromwell's civil marriage ordinance: authorities on, i, 404, 405;
historical significance of, 408;
discussion, 418-35;
cited in debates on Hardwicke Act, 451 n. 2;
and in discussion of the Unitarian bill, 462 and n. 1.

Cromwell, Frances: wedding of, i, 429-31.

Cromwell, Oliver: principles of his marriage law anticipated in New
England colonies, ii, 127.

Cromwell, Thomas: on registers, i, 362.

Crowning, i, 295 n. 5.

Cumberland, Duke of: contracts an irregular marriage, i, 449 n. 3.

Cunow, H.: his _Australneger_, i, 35;
on class systems, 72, 73;
on female kinship, 116;
Westermarck's theory of origin of horror of incest, 131 n. 1;
exogamy, 131 n. 1;
absence of wife-purchase among low races, 124 n. 2.

Curr, E. C.: his _Australian Race_, i, 35;
on autocracy of father among Australians, 46;
Australian class systems, 70, 71;
wife-capture in Australia, 169 n. 3.

Custis, John and Frances: their marriage agreement, ii, 237-39.

Cyclops, of Homer, i, 10 n. 3.

Cyprian: on second marriage, ii, 25 n. 2.

Cyprus: sacred prostitution in, i, 51 n. 1.

Dahn, Felix: on _mund_, i, 260, note.

Dakota, the: bride-price among, i, 191.

Dakota Territory: divorce laws, iii, 140-42;
divorce rate, 218 n. 3.

Dalrymple _v._ Dalrymple, i, 473 n. 2.

Damara: the bride-price among, i, 194;
divorce at pleasure of either spouse, 226.

Dane, Nathan: apologizes for Massachusetts slavery, ii, 217 n. 2.

Dargun, L.: on mother-right among early Aryans, i, 20-22;
distinguishes between power and relationship in maternal system,
22, 23;
his works, 33, 44 n. 1;
rejects theory of woman's political supremacy, 45, 46;
on successive forms of marriage, 58;
rejects Starcke's theory of female kinship, 114 n. 3;
on wife-capture, 157 and n. 2, 160;
classifies peoples having so-called marriage by capture, 164 n. 1;
symbolical rape among Slavs and Germans, 174, 175, 258.

Darwin, Charles: on monogamy and polygyny among lower animals, i,
96 n. 2, 97;
causes of sterility, 130 and n. 2;
numerical disparity of sexes, 137 n. 4;
sexual selection, 203-6;
standards or beauty, 207 n. 5.

Davis, A. M.: cited, ii, 170 n. 1;
on stigma of scarlet letter, 171 nn. 2, 3, 174, note, 178 n. 4.

Dawan, west Timor: divorce in, i, 241, 245 n. 2, 247 n. 2.

Dawson, James: divorce, 232 and n. 3, 239;
divorce in West-Victoria, i, 229, 230.

Deccan: wife-capture in, i, 160.

Deceased wife's sister question, i, 353, 354;
ii, 96-102.

Decree _nisi_: in Massachusetts, iii, 8, 9;
Maine, 18;
Rhode Island, 22;
New York, 104;
Oklahoma, 83;
California, 151, 152.

Definition of marriage: none in New England states, ii, 395;
in southern and southwestern states, 427, 428;
in middle and western states, 470, 471.

Defoe, Daniel: on an academy for women, iii, 237.

Delaware, the colony: marriage laws of, ii, 320 n. 6.

---- the state: marriage celebration in, ii, 457, 458;
age of consent and of parental consent to marriage, 472, 473;
marriage of indented servants, 473;
forbidden degrees, 473-75;
void and voidable marriages, 475-78;
miscegenation restrained, 478, 479;
marriage of paupers restrained, 479;
optional system of banns or license, 482, 483;
return, 489 and n. 3, 492;
celebrant's record, 492;
state registration, 493;
legislative divorce, iii, 100, 101;
judicial divorce, 111-13;
remarriage, 146;
residence, 153;
courts silent as to common-law marriage, 182;
age of consent to carnal knowledge, 201 and n. 10;
divorce rate, 209, 210.

Delbrück, Berthold: rejects theory of maternal family among
Indo-Germanic peoples, i, 20;
on Bachofen, 39 n. 2.

Demetrian mother-right, i, 40, 41 n. 1.

Denison, widow: courted by Sewall, ii, 157 n. 2, 205, 206.

Denmark: marriage rate of, iii, 214, 215.

Denton, W.: quoted, i, 359 and n. 2.

Desertion: cause of divorce, at Reformation, ii, 62;
in England, 74;
meaning broadened, 62, 63 nn. 1, 2;
recognized by the _Reformatio legum_, 78.

D'Evreux, Père Yves: on incest among Brazilian natives, i, 126 n. 1.

Dhama: ordinance of Varuna, i, 24.

Dharma: stage among Aryans, i, 24, 25;
position of purchased wife, 217 n. 2.

Dieckhoff, A. W.: on time of _gifta_, i, 272 n. 1;
Sohm's view of betrothal, 275 n. 2;
works of, 288, 290;
_consensus_, 292 n. 3;
benediction, 296 n. 1, 297, 298 and n. 1;
marriage at church door, 299 n. 4;
rise of ecclesiastical marriage, 310 n. 1;
exchange of rings, 375 n. 3.

Dieri: form of marriage among, i, 72 n. 6.

_Diffarreatio_, ii, 15 n. 1.

Dike, S. W.: his work for the National League, iii, 204;
quoted, 205 n. 3, 207;
on divorce rate, 209, 210, 211, 212, 218 nn. 2, 3;
remarriage after divorce, 219 n. 1;
methods of securing uniform divorce law, 222 n. 3;
his works cited, 225 n. 1;
on alleged loss of capacity for maternity by American women, 242;
emancipation of woman and property, 247 n. 2.

Dilpamali marriage, i, 72 n. 6.

Dionysius: cited, ii, 16, note.

"Directory of Public Worship," 1645: marriage ritual of, i, 417.

Disobedience to parents: death penalty for, in New England colonies,
ii, 162.

Dispensations, ii, 55, 56; abuse of, 59 n. 2;
kinds, 60 n. 2.

Dissenters: oppressed by the Hardwicke Act, i, 460-65;
enjoy their own rites in Maryland, ii, 241, 243, 244;
marry contrary to law in colonial Virginia, 232;
not allowed to solemnize marriages in North Carolina, 251, 252-54;
Presbyterians gain partial liberty, 1766, 254-57;
their protests, 257, 258;
practical liberty in South Carolina and Georgia, 260-63.

District of Columbia: celebration of marriage in, ii, 415;
marriage of freedmen, 426;
age of consent and of parental consent, 428-30;
forbidden degrees, 433, 435;
void or voidable marriages, 435 n. 3, 436, 437, 438;
survival of optional system of banns, 444;
present license system, 447;
certificate to married pair, 450;
return, 449, 450;
divorce, iii, 78, 79;
remarriage, 80;
residence, 86;
process, 89;
intervention by attorney, 90;
common-law marriage, 176;
age of consent to carnal knowledge, 199:
divorce rate, 210.

Divorce: early history of, i, 224-50;
where marriage dissolved at pleasure of either spouse, 225-28;
where marriage indissoluble, 228;
where by mutual consent, 229, 230;
where the man has the right, 231-38;
where the woman also has the right, 238-40;
the form, 240, 241;
legal effects, 241-47;
frequency, 247-50;
checked by wife-purchase and the blood-feud, 249 and n. 1.

---- under English and ecclesiastical law: authorities, ii, 3-11;
Grecian, Hebrew, and Roman elements of the Christian doctrine,
11-19;
scriptural teachings, 19-23;
views of the early Fathers, 23-28;
legislation of the Christian emperors, 28-33;
compromise with German custom, 33-46;
final settlement of doctrine in the canon law, 47-52;
two kinds of so-called divorce distinguished, 52, 53;
grounds of divorce _a mensa_, 53, 54;
exceptions allowed, 54-56;
use of papal dispensations, 55;
policy of Council of Trent, 59, 60;
Protestant doctrine, 60;
opinions of Luther and the continental Reformers, 60-71;
those of the English Reformers, 71-85;
Milton's views, 85-92;
void and voidable contracts, 92-95;
Lord Lyndhurst's act, 95, 96;
marriage with deceased wife's sister, 96-102;
parliamentary divorce, 102-9;
present English law, 109-17.

---- in the New England colonies: authorities, ii, 328, 329;
effect of Reformation, 330;
separation from bed and board nearly abandoned, 330;
Hutchinson's statement, 330, 331;
Massachusetts, early law, 331, 332;
table of cases for seventeenth century, 333;
select cases discussed, 334-39;
in Massachusetts during second charter, 339-41;
tables of cases, 341-44;
discussion of select cases, 345-48;
in New Hampshire, 348,349;
Plymouth, 349-51;
New Haven, 352, 353;
Connecticut, 353-60.

---- in the southern colonies: English divorce laws in abeyance, ii,
366, 367;
divorce courts not created, 367;
separate alimony by local courts in Virginia, 368-71;
same in Maryland, 371-74;
Carolinas and Georgia, 375, 376.

---- in the middle colonies, ii, 376;
cases in New Netherland, sometimes with arbitration, 376-82;
New York province, 382-85;
New Jersey, 385;
Pennsylvania and Delaware, 385-87.

---- in the New England states: authorities, iii, 3;
jurisdiction, kinds, and causes, 4-18;
remarriage, 18-22;
residence, 22-25;
notice, 25-27;
alimony, property, and custody of children, 28-30.

---- in the southern and southwestern states: legislative divorce,
iii, 31-50;
judicial divorce: kinds and causes, 50-79;
remarriage, 79-84;
residence 84-88;
notice, 88, 89;
alimony, property, and custody of children, 90-95.

---- in the middle and western states: legislative divorce, iii,
96-101;
judicial divorce: kinds and causes, 101-44;
remarriage, 145-52;
residence, 152-57;
notice, 158;
miscellaneous provisions, 158-60.
(_See_ Separation from Bed and Board.)

---- administration: character of, in United States, iii, 207, 208.

---- clandestine: evils of, iii, 205, 206.

---- legislation: resulting character of, iii, 203-23.

---- legislative. (_See_ Legislative divorce.)

---- rate: in United States, 209-11;
higher in cities, 211;
in Europe, 212;
falls in hard times, 215;
how influenced by legislation, 216-19.

---- statistics, iii, 209-19.

---- and the problem of the family, iii, 250-53.

---- granted by the governor in New York province, ii, 384, 385.

---- not provided for by Cromwell, i, 420, 421.

Dobrizhoffer, J. V. de: on jealousy among Abipones, i, 105, 126
n. 1;
on cohabitation in turn among, 145;
cited, 155;
liberty of choice, 212, 213.

_Domum deductio_, i, 171 n. 3.

Dorsey, J. O.: on the Sioux, i, 143 n. 1, 144;
elopement among Omahas, 168;
symbolical rape among Poncas, 169 n. 1;
free marriage among Omahas, 212 n. 4;
avoidance of mother-in-law, 187 n. 2;
effects of divorce, 242 n. 1.

_Dos ad ostium ecclesiae_, i, 269.
(_See_ Dower.)

_Douaire_: the Norman, i, 269.

Dower: origin of, i, 219-21, 249;
in England, 269;
at church door, 299, 300 n. 1, 307 n. 4;
full rights of, denied in case of unblessed unions, 314, 315, 355;
of the widow in case of divorce, 357; ii, 93.

Dowries: higgling of, ii, 203.

Doxy, Ralph, and Mary Van Harris: illegal marriage of, ii, 278, 279.

Doyle, J. A.: cited, ii, 250 n. 1.

Drisius (Driesius), Dominie, ii, 291 n. 4, 379.

Dudley, Joseph: authorizes optional civil or ecclesiastical
marriage, ii, 135, 139.

Dunstan, canons of: enforce doctrine of indissolubility, ii, 40.

Dunton, John: on Boston old maids, ii, 157, 158, 167.

Duogamy: among American aborigines, i, 143 n. 1.

Durfee, Judge: on legislative divorce in Rhode Island colony, ii,
365.

Düsing, Carl: on causes determining sex of offspring, i, 138, 139.

Duyts, Laurens: sells his wife, ii, 280.

Earle, Alice Morse: on New England wedding customs, ii, 140, 141;
colonial drinks, 141 n. 5;
early and frequent marriages in New England, 157 n. 2;
breach of promise in New Netherland, 282 n. 1;
joint wills in New Netherland, 283 n. 1;
banns and license in New York province, 297, 298;
Quaker marriage customs in Pennsylvania, 323 n. 5, 324, 325, 326;
separations in New Netherland, 378;
Lantsman's case, 379, 380;
other cases, 380, 381.

Ecclesiastical marriage: authorities on, i, 287-90, 321-24;
rise of, 291-363.
(_See_ Marriage, Divorce.)

Economic forces in the evolution of matrimonial institutions, i,
60-63;
according to Hellwald, 93, 94;
influence on rise of system or female kinship, 113, 114 n. 3,
115, 116;
on rise of polygyny, 145;
on condition of woman, 146 n. 1;
effect of share in labor, 211 and n. 4, 213 n. 5;
importance of, in the present problems of marriage and the family,
iii, 235, 246-50.

Education: function of, as to marriage and family, iii, 223-59.

Edwards, Jonathan, and the Northampton revival, iii, 197, 198.

Edwards, Richard: divorce of, ii, 357, 358.

Edwin W., and Mary Whitehead: their marriage the first recorded in
Maryland, ii, 239.

Egbert, pontifical of, 298.

Egyptians: prostitution of girls among, i, 49 n. 1;
concubines among, 144;
high domestic ideal, 221 n. 3.

Elizabeth, daughter of James I.: public spousals of, i, 381 n. 2.

Elizabeth, Queen: resists marriage of priests, i, 396-98.

Ellesmere, Lord Chancellor: secret marriage of, i, 441 n. 2.

Elopement, i, 169, 170 and note;
or abduction, 182-84;
a means of free choice, 212.

Elvira, Council of: on second marriage, ii, 25, 26.

Emperors, the Christian: their legislation regarding divorce, ii,
28-33.

Endogamy: McLennan's theory, i, 88 and n. 3, 117;
Tylor's view, 121;
Starcke's view, 124, 125;
clan, 131, 132;
coexistence of, with exogamy, 178 and n. 3.

Engels, F.: his theory of the family, iii, 229, 230.

England: law regarding celebration, iii, 190;
the divorce rate, 213.

England and Wales: divorce rate of, iii, 211, note.

Epiphanius: on divorce, ii, 24;
second marriage, 25.

Epileptic and imbecile: marriages of, restrained in Connecticut,
ii, 400;
Minnesota and Kansas, 480.

Erasmus, Desiderius: his liberal view on divorce, ii, 64.

Eskimo: wife-lending among, 49, 50 and n. 1;
polyandry, 87;
restricted polygyny among, 143 n. 1;
symbolical capture, 164, 165;
choice of bride by bridegroom's mother, 187 n. 3;
free divorce, 227, 228 and n. 1;
but divorce rare, 247 n. 6.

Esmein, A.: on _Lex Julia_, ii, 16 n. 2, 17 n. 1;
Augustine's doctrine or divorce, 27 nn. 1, 2;
Gregory II.'s decrees, 39 n. 1;
decree of council of Hertford, 40 n. 1;
synods of Verberie and Compiègne, 43, 44, notes;
evolution of term _divortium_, 53 n. 1;
on rejection of divorce _a mensa_, 61;
marriage as a remedy, i, 326 n. 1;
presumptive marriage, 338;
cited, 339.

Espinas, A.; cited, i, 98;
on sexual selection, 205 n. 4.

Estate of Wood: case of, iii, 151.

Ests, i, 172.

Ewald, G. H. A. v.: on Hebrew paternal power, i, 17 n. 5.

Exogamy: relation of, to Roman _patria potestas_, i, 31;
rule of the _gentes_, 68 n. 4, 69;
relation to class systems, 72 n. 5;
McLennan's theory, 85, 117, 156;
the problem of, 117-32;
coexistence of, with endogamy, 178 and n. 3.

Expiation for marriage, i, 50 and n. 2.

Fabiola: her divorce and remarriage, ii, 28.

Fabricius, Jacob: case of, ii, 278 and n. 2.

Family: as social unit, i, 9, 10, 12;
the Roman or patriarchal, of Maine, 10-13;
among early Aryans, 25-27;
among Hellenes, 28, 29;
matriarchal, 37, 38;
"gynocratic" and "androcratic" distinguished, 44 n. 1;
stages in the evolution of, 54 and n. 2, 55-65;
Morgan's five phases of, 66-70;
the pairing, theory of, 89-151;
among lower animals, 89, 91-102;
the problem of the successive forms of, 132-50.

---- the Teutonic, i, 8;
the early Christian, 329, 330;
compared with the Stoic, 330.

---- problems of, iii, 161-259;
monogamic the type, 224;
alleged disintegration of, 225-29;
views of socialists on, 229-35;
and the liberation of woman, 235-50.
(_See_ Marriage, Matriarchate, Mother-right, Divorce.)

Family council: in Louisiana, ii, 431-33.

Fantis, African: effects of divorce among, i, 243.

Farnshill v. Murray, ii, 373.

Farr, W.: on the marriage rate, iii, 214.

Fathers, the Christian: on the form of marriage, i, 293 n. 3.

Fawcett, H.: on the marriage rate, iii, 214.

Federal law of divorce: movement for, iii, 222, 223.

Feilding's case, i, 447.

Felups of Fogni: easy divorce among, i, 226.

Female infanticide, i, 78, 79, 87.

Fenton _v._ Reed, ii, 303 n. 3, 304; iii, 175 and n. 2.

Fernow. B.: on marriage law of Guelderland, ii, 268.

Festuca: in place of the _arrha_, i, 268.

Festus: quoted, i, 171 n. 4.

Ficker, Julius: denies sex-tutelage under Frank law, i, 259 n. 1;
on alleged _Vidumsehe_ of Tacitus, 262 n. 2.

Fighting for wives, i, 203.

Fiji Islanders: wife-capture among, i, 159.

Filmer, Sir Robert: his _Patriarchia_, i, 3, 16, 17.

Finch, N.: his marriage with sister-in-law annulled, ii, 214.

Finck, H. T.: cited, i, 104 n. 1;
on symbol of rape, 175 n. 3;
sexual selection, 205 n. 4.

Fison, Lorimer: writings of, i, 34, 35; on Australian class systems,
66, 70;
criticised by Curr, 70, 71.

---- and Howitt, A. W.: their _Kamilaroi and Kurnai_, i, 34, 70;
on elopement and wife-stealing, 169 n. 3.

_Flamines_: their marriage by _confarreatio_, ii, 15 n. 2.

Flecknoe's _Diarium_: cited on the marriage law of 1653, i, 432
n. 2.

Fleet marriages: authorities on, i, 405;
discussion, 437-46, 453;
effect of Hardwicke Act on, 459 n. 3.

Fleet marriage registers, i, 442;
extracts from, 445, 446.

Florida: marriage celebration in, ii, 417 n. 4;
marriages of freedmen, 426;
age of parental consent, 429, 430;
forbidden degrees, 433;
void or voidable marriages, 435 and n. 3, 436, 437;
miscegenation forbidden, 438, 439;
license system, 447;
return, 449;
divorce, iii, 68;
remarriage, 84;
residence, 86;
process, 88, 89;
alimony, 92;
common-law marriage, 176;
age of consent to carnal knowledge, 198.

Flower, B. O.: on prostitution in marriage, iii, 255.

Foljambe's case, ii, 82 n. 2, 83.

Folger, Chief Justice: on the common-law marriage, iii, 183.

Forbidden degrees: origin of, i, 121-32; under the canon law,
351-54;
restricted under Henry VIII., ii, 76;
how affected by Lyndhurst's Act, 96, 97.

---- in the New England colonies, ii, 212-15.

---- in the New England States, ii, 397, 398;
southern and southwestern states, 433-35;
middle and western states, 473-75;
reform in laws needed, iii, 194, 195.

Fornication before marriage: in Plymouth, ii, 186 and nn. 1, 2;
in Massachusetts, 186-99.

_Foster-laen_, i, 270 n. 1, 271.

Fox, George: on Quaker marriages, ii, 316, 317.

Fox, Henry: contracts a clandestine marriage, i, 449;
on the Hardwicke Act, 449, 450 n. 1, 451 n. 3.

Fox, Charles James: on the Hardwicke Act, i, 463 n. 2.

France: divorce in, iii, 168, 169;
divorce rate, 211, note, 212, 216 and n. 4;
matrimonial administration, 190.

Franks: _arrha_ among, i, 264;
the _tertia_ or dower of, 269.

Frederickse, M.: his marriage contract, ii, 284 n. 1.

Freedmen: marriages of, ii, 426, 427.

Freeman, E. A.: his theory of social expansion, i, 13 n. 2.

Freeman, F.: quoted, ii, 186 n. 2.

Freisen, Joseph: on confusion of scriptural texts on divorce, ii, 22
n. 2;
views of the Fathers on second marriage, 25 nn. 1, 2;
Council of Arles, 26 n. 4;
denies woman's right of divorce under German law, 37 n. 3;
_Lex Grimoald._, 38 n. 2;
Gregory II.'s decrees, 39 n. 1;
decree of Council of Hertford, 40 n. 1;
origin of papal matrimonial dispensation, 55 n. 4;
holds that early Christians accepted Jewish marriage forms, 291
n. 2.

French Revolution: marriage and divorce legislation of, iii, 168,
169.

Friedberg, Emil: on _mund_, i, 260 n. 1;
on time of _gifta_, 272 n. 1;
place of nuptials, 273 n. 1;
the three acts in joining in marriage, 274 n. 1;
Sohm's theory of self-betrothal, 279 n. 2;
on the _Fürsprecher_, 281, 282;
significance of guests at the nuptials, 285 n. 4;
works mentioned, 290;
time of bride-mass, 296 n. 3;
priest's function in the old English ritual, 302;
writers erroneously holding religious celebration essential to a
valid marriage, 314 n. 4;
decree of Council of Trent, 316 n. 1;
clandestine marriage, 348, 350;
valid marriage, 354 n. 4;
Luther's influence regarding civil marriage, 388, 389;
civil marriage in the Netherlands, 409 n. 2;
controversial literature of the Commonwealth, 432 n. 1;
Parson Lando's marriage notice, 439;
impunity of Fleet parson, 442, 443;
error of, regarding Cochrane _v._ Campbell, 448 n. 2;
English dislike of banns, 457;
Dutch marriage laws, ii, 268 n. 2.

Friedrichs, Karl: on headship of woman in the family, i, 45 and
n. 8;
forms of the family, 55;
defines marriage, 102 n. 1;
certainty of fatherhood, 117;
female kinship, 114 n. 3.

Frier _v._ Richardson, ii, 159, 332 n. 3.

Fritsch, G.: on polyandry, i, 135 n. 2;
bride-price among Kafirs, 193 n. 4, 214.

Friuli, Council of: enforces doctrine of indissolubility, ii, 39.

Fuegians: serving for wives among, i, 189.

_Fürsprecher_: in nuptial ceremony, i, 281, 282.

Fulke, W.: on nature of wedlock, i, 393.

Fundamental constitutions, ii, 247, 248 n. 3.

Furnivall, F. J.: on child-marriage, i, 399-403.

Gainaberg, maiden-market at, i, 50 n. 2, 199, 200 and n. 1.

Gainham, John, the Fleet parson, i, 440 and nn. 3, 4.

Gains: on _patria potestas_, i, 30;
_coemptio_, 199.

Galatæ, the Asiatic: _patria potestas_ among, i, 30.

Galela and Tobelorese: coexistence of purchase and pretended
rape among, i, 183;
divorce, 233 and n. 2, 248.

Gallinomero, of California: man's sole right of divorce among, i,
232.

Gallows, marriage at, i, 441 n. 3.

Gally, H.: his _Considerations_, i, 447.

Galwith _v._ Galwith, ii, 371, 372.

Ganowánian system of consanguinity, i, 68, 69.

Gardener, Helen H.: leader of crusade against age of consent laws,
iii, 196;
quoted, 197.

Gautier, Léon: on marriage rituals, i, 288, 300 and n. 2, 301 n. 2,
305 n. 3, 307 n. 4, 308.

Geary, N.: on English divorce courts, ii, 110 n. 2;
remarriage of divorced persons, 112 n. 2;
decree _nisi_, 113 n. 5;
separation orders, 117, notes.

Geffcken, H.: on the divorce of Ruga, ii, 15 n. 4;
freedom of Roman divorce, 17 and n. 1;
views of the Fathers as to second marriage, 24, 25 and n. 2;
Council of Arles, 26 n. 4;
Constantine's divorce law, 31 n. 3;
divorce among early Teutons, 34;
by mutual consent according to _pactus Alamannorum_, 35 n. 1;
death for adultery among Saxons, 36;
_Lex Burgundionum_, 37 n. 1;
absence or divorce laws in Merovingian era, 41 n. 2;
penitentials, 44 n. 2, 46 n. 5;
one-sided divorce among Germans, 48 and n. 2;
how the church enforced her rules regarding divorce, 49 n. 1;
denies ecclesiastical jurisdiction in time of the Carolings, 50
and n. 1;
triumph of the spiritual jurisdiction, 51 n. 1.

_Gentes_, i, 13, 28, and _agnatio_, 30;
Grosse on, 62;
origin of, according to Morgan, 68.
(_See_ Clan.)

Georgia, the colony: marriage in, ii, 261, 262;
divorce, 375, 376;
question of common-law marriage, iii, 172, 173.

---- the state: marriage celebration in, ii, 416, 417;
unauthorized solemnization, 425;
marriages of freedmen, 426, 427;
age of parental consent, 429;
forbidden degrees, 433, 435;
void or voidable marriages, 435 n. 3, 436, 437, 438;
miscegenation forbidden, 439;
encourages marriage, 441;
has dual system of banns or license, 444, 445;
license where obtained, 447;
return, 449;
legislative divorce, iii, 42-49;
judicial divorce, 61, 62;
remarriage, 81, 82;
residence, 85;
process, 89;
trial by jury, 90;
separate alimony, 92;
dower barred by permanent alimony, 95;
common-law marriage, 176;
age of consent to carnal knowledge, 200.

Germans, the early: the family among, i, 8;
paternal power among, 28 n. 2, 30;
wife-lending, 49;
wife-capture, 159, 258;
symbol of capture, 174, 175;
divorce, 232;
wife-purchase, betrothal, and nuptials, 253-86;
divorce, ii, 4, 5;
compromise with their divorce customs, 33-46;
divorce a private act, 47, 48.

German empire: matrimonial administration, iii, 190;
the divorce rate and divorce law, 211, note, 212, 221, 222 and
n. 1.

Get, or bill of divorce, ii, 13 nn. 2, 4.

Gibbs, Mary: marries Sewall, ii, 208, 209.

_Gifta_: or tradition of the bride, i, 259, 272-76;
importance of, as compared with the _beweddung_, 273-76;
self-_gifta_, 276-86;
after the conversion, 296;
_ante ostium ecclesiae_, 299 and n. 4, 300 n. 1;
in old English ritual, 302;
as _sponsalia de praesenti_, 305;
in England at Reformation, 312;
self-_gifta_ in New England colonies, ii, 209-11;
in Pennsylvania, 456.

Gilchrist, Chief Justice: opinion of, in Dumbarton _v._ Franklin,
iii, 183 n. 1.

Giraud-Teulon, A.: works of, i, 33;
on woman's political domination, 44;
expiation for marriage, 50 n. 2;
the _couvade_, 112 n. 4.

Gladstone, W. E.: on deceased wife's sister question, ii, 100 n. 3;
resists divorce law of 1857, 110.

Glanville: cited on _dos_, i, 269;
on divorce and dower, ii, 93.

Glasson, E.: on bride-sale, i, 260 n. 1, 263 n. 4;
on Roman divorce, ii, 17;
laws of Æthelberht, 40, note.

Gloucester, Duke of: contracts an irregular marriage, i, 449 n. 4.

Göhre, P.: cited, iii, 228 n. 1.

Goeschen, O.: on grounds of divorce, ii, 67, 68.

Goodwin, J. A.: on fornication before marriage, ii, 186 and n. 1;
divorce, 332;
divorce in Plymouth, 350, 351.

Grant, Ann: on marital life in New York, ii, 300.

Gratian: his theories regarding marriage, i, 335, 336;
"master" of the canon law, ii, 47, 52;
special pleading on divorce, 51 n. 4;
his theory of unconsummate marriage accepted in the canon law of
divorce, 55, 56.

Graunt, John: on marriages under Cromwell's law, i, 426-28.

Gravesend: magistrates of, post marriage notice, ii, 269, 270, 274.

Gray, G. Z.: on deceased wife's sister question, ii, 98 n. 2.

Gray, Horace: on Oliver _v._ Sale, ii, 217 n. 2.

Greece: divorce rate of, iii, 212.

Greeks, the ancient: matrimonial institutions of, works on, i, 5;
wife-capture among, 160 and n. 4;
symbol of rape, 171;
wife-purchase, 199;
divorce, 232.

Green, John: assistant of Warwick, grants a divorce, ii, 364.

Greenlanders: avoid marriage with persons of same household, i, 127,
128;
symbolical capture, 165;
free marriage by elopement, 212.

Greenwich, Conn.: a "Gretna Green," iii, 192 n. 4, 205.

Gregory I.: his _Pastoral Care_ cited, i, 300 n. 1.

Gregory II.: his letter to St. Boniface, ii, 38, 39 n. 1.

Gregory Nazienzen, i, 294.

Gretna Green marriages, i, 473 n. 2.

"Gretna Greens" in the United States, iii, 192 n. 4.

Grimm, Jacob: on derivation of _Gemahl_, i, 273 n. 1.

Gronlund, L.: views of, as to the family, iii, 231, 232.

Groos, Karl: cited, i, 98;
on sexual selection, 205 n. 4.

Grosse, Ernst: on patriarchalism in low races, i, 45 n. 6;
forms of the family as influenced by economic forces, 60-63, 115,
116;
coexistence of mother-right and father-right, 110 n. 2;
the symbol of rape, 176 n. 1.

Grossmann, F. E.: on the Pima Indians, i, 143 n. 1.

Group-marriage: works on, i, 34, 35, 47 n. 2;
existence of, not proved by nomenclatures, 72, 73;
Kohler on, 73-75.

Grupen, C. U.: cited, i, 38, 52 n. 2;
on the Anglo-Saxon bride, 263 n. 4.

Gualala: their horror of close intermarriage, i, 126.

Guanas, i, 213 n. 5, 239.

Guatemalans: divorce among, i, 239.

Guatos, i, 108, 109.

Guaycurûs, i, 158;
custom of avoidance among, 187.

Guinea: marriage customs in, i, 83 n. 4.

Gurukkal or Caiva Brahmans: wife-purchase among, i, 198 n. 4.

Gynocracy, i, 40-43;
distinguished from mother-right, 44-46;
Kautsky on, 57, 58.

Habicht, H.: on the _mund_, i, 260 n. 1, 261 n. 1;
bride-price, 265 n. 4;
betrothal, 274 n. 2;
Sohm's theory of betrothal, 275 n. 2.

Haldane, George: on the Hardwicke Act, i, 454-56.

Hallam, Henry: on abuses in ecclesiastical courts, i, 414 n. 1.

Hallowell, R. P.: on Quaker marriages, ii, 316, 318.

Halsall case, ii, 331 and n. 4, 334.

Hancock, John: church confessions at Braintree under, ii, 197.

Hand-fasting: i, 235 n. 1;
in place of _arrha_, 269;
Brand on the Danish, 276 n. 3;
used in self-betrothal, 278;
in New England, ii, 210.

Handschlag. (_See_ Hand-fasting.)

Hanley Castle Missal, i, 311 n. 4.

Hardwicke Act: authorities on, i, 406, 407;
origin, 448;
popular interest in, 449;
debates on, 449-58;
provisions, 458, 459;
merits, 459, 460;
defects, 460-65.

Hartford: taxes lone men, ii, 153.

Harar, East African: effects of divorce in, i, 244 n. 2.

Hartmann, E. v.: on woman's mental capacity, iii, 240 n. 1.

Harwood, R.: his articles of courtship, ii, 245-47.

Hawaii: divorce in, iii, 144;
residence, 157;
legitimacy of children of divorced, 158;
courts silent as to common-law marriage, 182;
age of consent to carnal knowledge, 203;
license of clerical celebrant, 188.

Hawaiians: consanguine family of, i, 67, 68, 238.

Hawks, F. L.: quoted, ii, 250 and n. 1.

Head _v._ Head, ii, 375; iii, 46-50.

Head-officer of town: celebrates marriages in Rhode Island colony,
ii, 135 n. 1.

Hebraism: influence of, on New England Puritans, ii, 130, 131, 152
and nn. 1, 2, 162, 169, 179, 199, 200, 217, 352.

Hebrews: whether _patria potestas_ among, i, 15, 16, 19;
whether "beena" marriage or marriage by service among, 16 and
n. 3;
concubines among, 144;
authorities on matrimonial institutions of, 153;
wife-capture among, 161, 162;
wife-purchase, 196, 197;
divorce, 232;
divorce by Talmudic law, 240 n. 4;
divorce in general, ii, 3, 12-14, 20 nn. 2, 3, 21;
divorce a private transaction, 47.
(_See_ Hebraism.)

Hedge parsons, i, 446.

Hell, X. H. de: quoted on Kalmucks, i, 168.

Hellenes: family of, i, 28, 29;
wife-capture among, 160 n. 4;
wife-purchase, 199;
symbol of rape, 171.

Hellwald, Friedrich v.: his use of _menschliche Familie_, i, 7,
note;
on headship of woman in the family, 45 and n. 5;
evolution of forms of marriage and the family, 58-60;
differentiation of the sexes, 93;
origin of family among animals, 93, 94, 97, 98, 99;
origin of exogamy, 131 n. 1;
polyandry, 135, 148 n. 3;
the symbol of rape, 176 n. 1;
divorce in Islam, 233, 234.

Helms _v._ Franciscus, ii, 373, 374.

Henderson, C. R.: cited, iii, 164, 225 n. 1, 228 n. 1.

Henry VIII.: on registration, i, 362, 363;
clings to doctrine of clerical celibacy, 394;
his divorce, ii, 77 n. 1.

Hereford: marriage ritual of, i, 301, 303, 306 n. 2, 311 n. 4.

Hermas, Pastor of: on divorce, ii, 23, 24;
favors remarriage, 27, 28 and n. 1.

Herodotus: on sacred prostitution, i, 51 n. 1;
on wife-purchase, 199, 200.

Hertford, council of: on remarriage after divorce, ii, 40 and n. 1.

Herzegovina: divorce in, i, 244 n. 2.

Hetairism, i, 39;
legalized, 48 and n. 4, 49 n. 1;
as hetairistic monogamy, 56-58.

Heusler, Andreas: on family and _Sippe_, i, 102 n. 1;
wife-purchase, 179 n. 4;
wife-capture among Germans, 258 n. 1;
maintains existence of _patria potestas_ among, 260, note;
wife-purchase, 260 n. 1;
Tacitus's account of betrothal, 262 n. 2;
morning-gift, 269 n. 2;
_copula carnalis_ as the essential fact in marriage, 275 n. 2;
divorce among the early Teutons, ii, 34 n. 1.

High Commission Court: matrimonial jurisdiction of, i, 414.

Hieronymus: on divorce, ii, 24, 27.

Hildebrand, Richard: on the successive forms of marriage, i, 56;
criticised by Grosse, 61;
on rape and purchase, 184 n. 3.

Hillel: school of, ii, 13 and n. 2, 20 n. 2.

Hillsborough, Earl of: on the Hardwicke Act, i, 449, 451 n. 3.

Hincmar of Rheims: theory of, i, 335;
proves that adulterers were slain, ii, 44;
indissolubility enforced by, 44;
accepts decree of Council of Agde in divorce of Lothar and
Teutberge, 49 n. 3;
mentioned, 51.

Hindus: works on matrimonial institutions among, i, 3, 4;
the family, 19-27;
wife-lending, 49;
joint undivided families, 129;
wife-capture, 160;
wife-purchase, 197, 198.
(_See_ Aryans and Hindus, India.)

Hirschfeld, J.: cited, ii, 110 n. 4.

Hobart, Noah: on religious celebration of slave marriages, ii, 224.

Hodgetts, J. F.: on symbolism of the ring, i, 279, note.

Hofacker and Notter: quoted, i, 138 n. 1.

Hofmann, F.: on the wedding ring, i, 279 n. 1.

Holland: influence of, on rise of civil marriage in New England, ii,
128-30;
queesting in, 182;
bundling with public betrothals, 185 n. 4;
influences law of New Netherland, 268;
divorce rate, iii, 212.

Hollis _v._ Wells: regarding bundling, ii, 272.

Hollister, G. H.: on civil marriage under Andros, ii, 136 n. 1.

Honorius and Constantius: divorce law of, ii, 31.

Hooper, John: maintains woman's equal right of divorce, ii, 73, 74
nn. 1, 2.

Horde: discussion of, i, 33;
as unit of social evolution, 47 and n. 3;
according to Kautsky, 56;
according to Hellwald, 58;
Mucke's theory, 63-65;
McLennan's theory, 77-79.

Horse Indians of Patagonia, i, 158.

Hottentots: wife-capture among, i, 159;
divorce, 235;
remarriage of woman after divorce not allowed, 245.

Howard, Clifford: on survivals of phallicism, i, 51 n. 1.

Howitt, A. W.: writings of, i, 34, 35;
on elopement, 170;
wife-capture, 181.

Howland, Arthur: case of, ii, 163.

Howell the Good: laws of, on divorce, ii, 40, note, 41 n. 1.

Howsley, Bridget: case of, i, 424.

Hruza, Ernst: on wife-capture among ancient Hellenes, i, 160 n. 4;
unfavorable position of the Athenian woman, ii, 12 n. 3.

Huc, M: on bride-price in China, i, 195 n. 3.

Hubbard, Peter: prevented by magistrates from preaching at a
wedding, ii, 127 and n. 1.

Hull, Charles H.: cited, i, 427 n. 1.

Hull, Hannah: her dowry, ii, 204.

Humboldt, W. v.: on divorce by mutual consent, iii, 251.

Hunters: the family among, according to Grosse, i, 60-63.

Hurd, J. C.: on slavery in the colonies, ii, 217 n. 1.

Hurons: position of women among, i, 45 n. 6.

Husband-purchase, i, 185.

Husband-beating: in Plymouth and Salem, ii, 161 and n. 3.

Hutchins _v._ Kimmel, iii, 177.

Hutchinson, Thomas: on rise of civil marriage in New England, ii,
128;
marriage under Andros, 136;
prevalence of the religious ceremony, 140 n. 1;
divorce, 330, 331.

Huth, A. H.: on incest, i, 123 n. 1.

Idaho: marriage celebration in, ii, 464, 465;
witnesses, 465;
marriage by declaration, 467;
unauthorized solemnization, 468;
requisites for legal marriage, 469;
definition, 471;
age of consent and of parental consent to marriage, 472, 473;
forbidden degrees, 473-75;
void and voidable marriages, 475-78;
miscegenation restrained, 479;
license, 488;
return, 489 and n. 3, 491;
marriage certificate and celebrant's record, 492;
legislative divorce, iii, 98;
judicial divorce, 139, 140;
remarriage, 148, 149;
residence, 157;
notice, 158;
intervention of prosecuting attorney in divorce suits, 159;
courts silent as to common-law marriage, 182;
age of consent to carnal knowledge, 201.

Ignatius: on form of marriage, i, 293, 294.

Illinois: marriage celebration in, ii, 460, 461;
age of consent and of parental consent to marriage, 472, 473;
forbidden degrees, 473-75;
void and voidable marriages, 475-78;
license, 487, 488;
return, 489 and n. 3, 491;
legislative divorce, iii, 96;
judicial divorce, 119, 120;
remarriage, 147;
residence, 155;
notice, 158;
soliciting divorce business forbidden, 160;
divorce statistics, 160;
common-law marriage, 177;
age of consent to carnal knowledge, 202;
divorce rate, 210.

Illpirra, i, 170, note.

Impediments to marriage, i, 351-54;
among the Chinese, 235.
(_See_ Forbidden degrees.)

Incest: origin of the horror of, i, 121-32.

Indented servants: in Virginia colony, marriages of, ii, 235;
North Carolina, 253;
Pennsylvania, 320 n. 6;
Delaware, 473.

Inderwicke, F. A.: on surviving prejudice of Independents against
divorce, i, 420, 421;
the punishment of fraudulent marriages of minors during the
Commonwealth, 421-23.

India: phallic worship in, i, 52;
monogamy of Mohammedans in, 142, 145;
symbolical rape, 174;
free marriage, 215.
(_See_ Aryans.)

Indian Archipelago: wife-capture in, i, 159;
mentioned, 215;
position of woman in, 238 n. 3;
divorce, 241 n. 6.

Indiana: marriage celebration in, ii, 460, 461;
unauthorized solemnization, 468;
informal celebration, 469;
definition, 470;
age of consent and of parental consent to marriage, 472, 473;
forbidden degrees, 473-75;
void and voidable marriages, 475-78;
miscegenation forbidden, 479;
license, 488;
return, 489 and n. 3, 491;
state registration, 495;
legislative divorce, iii, 96, 97;
judicial divorce, 115-18;
remarriage, 147;
residence, 154;
intervention of prosecuting attorney in divorce suits, 159;
soliciting divorce business forbidden, 160;
divorce statistics, 160;
common-law marriage, 177;
age of consent to carnal knowledge, 202;
divorce rate, 211, 212.

Indian Territory: marriage celebration in, ii, 417, 418;
requisites for a legal marriage, 424;
a civil contract, 427;
age of consent and of parental consent, 428, 429;
forbidden degrees, 433;
void or voidable marriages, 437, 438;
miscegenation forbidden, 439;
license bond, 448;
return, 449 and n. 1;
divorce, iii, 72;
remarriage, 82;
residence, 87;
process, 89;
alimony, 91;
courts silent as to common-law marriage, 181;
age of consent to carnal knowledge, 199.

Individualism: does it threaten the family, iii, 225-29.

Ine: laws of, on wife-purchase, i, 267.

Infanticide, i, 78, 79, 87.

Infecundity: caused by promiscuity, i, 102, 103.

Infibulation, i, 111.

Inglebye: _Register Booke_ of, i, 429 n. 3.

Innocent I.: on divorce, ii, 27, 38.

Innocent III., i, 353;
requires banns, 314, 360.

Innuit, i, 104;
incest among, 126 n. 1;
monogamy, 143 n. 1.

Interlocutory decree of divorce: in New York, iii, 104;
California, 151, 152.

Iowa: marriage celebration in, ii, 464;
informal solemnization, 469;
definition, 470;
age of consent and of parental consent to marriage, 472, 473;
forbidden degrees, 473-75;
void and voidable marriages, 475-78;
license, 488;
return, 489 and n. 3, 491;
marriage certificate and celebrant's record, 492;
state registration, 495;
legislative divorce, iii, 98;
judicial divorce, 125-27;
remarriage, 148;
residence, 156;
common-law marriage, 177;
age of consent to carnal knowledge, 202.

Ireland: symbolical capture in, i, 173;
wife-purchase, 200 and n. 2;
present marriage law, 473 n. 2;
divorce rate, iii, 211, note.

Iroquois: position of woman among, i, 45 n. 6;
syndiasmian family of, 69;
long houses of, 129;
divorce, 239.

Irving, W.: on bundling, ii, 182.

Islam: matrimonial institutions of, i, 34;
restricted polygyny among, 142:
divorce, 233, 234 and notes;
effects of divorce, 246.
(_See_ Arabs.)

Jackson, H.: case of, ii, 159.

Jacob: marriage of, with Laban's daughters, i, 16 and n. 3, 115,
188.

Jacops, Geertruyt: marriage contract of, ii, 283, 284.

Jameson, Judge: favors constitutional amendment, iii, 222 n. 3.

Japan: divorce in, i, 237, 248;
present divorce rate, iii, 210, 211, note.

Jealousy, sexual: checks promiscuity, i, 103-7.

Jeaffreson, J. C.: on status of Anglo-Saxon woman, i, 263 n. 4;
on function of father or guardian in the marriage contract, 276
n. 3;
whether Anglo-Saxons married in their homes, 296, note;
on marriage at church door, 299 n. 4;
marriage celebration during the Commonwealth, i, 419 n. 2;
on irregular marriages, 435, 436, notes, 443 n. 3, 447 n. 1;
irregular royal marriage, 449 n. 3;
Henry Fox's opposition to Hardwicke Act, 450 n. 1;
clandestine marriages after Hardwicke Act, 459 n. 3;
divorce among Anglo-Saxons, ii, 34 n. 1, 39 n. 5;
number of irregular divorces in Middle Ages, 56 n. 2;
traffic in, 58 n. 3;
views or English reformers as to divorce, 72;
_Reformatio legum_, 77 n. 4;
Milton's low ideal of womanhood, 89, 91, 92;
voidable marriages, 95 n. 4.

Jerome: on Roman divorce, ii, 18, note;
indissolubility of marriage, 27;
excuses Fabiola's remarriage after divorce, 28.

Jewell _v._ Jewell, iii, 178.

Jewish law: influence of, on the Puritans, ii, 130, 131, 152 and nn.
1, 2, 162, 169, 179, 199, 200, 217, 352.
(_See_ Hebrews, Hebraism.)

Jörs, P.: cited, ii, 16 n. 4.

Johnson, Samuel: on adultery, ii, 106 and n. 3.

Joint undivided families, i, 129.

Judicial separation under present English law, ii, 114, 115.

Judith: her marriage with Æthelwulf, i, 297 n. 1.

Julian: divorce law of, ii, 31.

Junius, F. A.: on the ring, i, 278 n. 3.

_Juramentum de reconciliatione_, ii, 51 n. 2.

Jury trial in divorce suits, iii, 28, 90, 158, 159.

_Jus primae noctis_: works on, i, 38;
as evidence of promiscuity, 51 and n. 2, 52.

Jurisdiction, matrimonial, of the ecclesiastical courts: abuses of,
i, 351-59, 412-14; ii, 56-59;
rise of, in cases of divorce, 47-52.
(_See_ Canon law.)

Justin II.: on divorce, ii, 30.

Justinian: on divorce, ii, 30, 33.

Justin Martyr: on second marriage, ii, 25 n. 2.

Justice of the peace: celebrates marriage under law of 1653, i, 418;
exercises matrimonial jurisdiction under, 420, 421-24.

---- marriage solemnized by, in New England colonies, ii, 127, 128;
Rhode Island, 135 n. 1;
Connecticut, 138 n. 3;
Maryland colony, 240, 241, 242;
North Carolina colony, 251, 252, 253, 255, 256;
South Carolina colony, 261;
Georgia, 262;
New York province, 285-87, 291, 294, 307;
New Jersey colony, 309-11;
Pennsylvania, 320.

---- marriage solemnized by, in Massachusetts, ii, 389, 390;
other New England states, 391;
southern and southwestern states, 412, 414, 415, 416, 417, 418,
421, 423;
middle and western states, 454, 456, 457, 459, 460, 461, 462,
463-65;
defects in the system of magisterial celebration, iii, 189, 190.

Juvenal: on divorce, ii, 18, note.

Kabinapek Indians: pairing season of, i, 99.

Kabyles: woman's right of "insurrection" among, i, 246 n. 1;
effects of wife-purchase on divorce, 249 n. 1.

Kafirs: avoid marriage with persons living closely together, i, 128;
Herero, polyandry among, i, 135 n. 2;
polygyny among, when more women, 145;
bride-price, 193;
whether free marriage, 214, 216;
free divorce, 227 and n. 2, 240;
remarriage of woman after divorce, 215.

Kalm, Peter: on governor's license fees in New York province, ii,
297.

Kalmucks: forbidden degrees among, i, 126;
symbol of rape, 168, 169 and n. 1, 172;
exchange of gifts, 219.

Kames, Lord: quoted, i, 136 n. 3.

Kamtchadales: symbolical rape among, i, 166.

Kandhs: avoid marriage with members of the tribe, i, 128.

Kansas: marriage celebration in, ii, 464;
definition, 470;
age of consent to marriage, 472;
forbidden degrees, 473-75;
void and voidable marriages, 475-78;
marriage of epileptic and imbecile restrained, 480;
license, 488;
return, 489 and n. 3, 491;
state registration, 495:
legislative divorce, iii, 98;
judicial divorce, 127-29;
remarriage, 148;
residence, 156;
common-law marriage, 177;
age of consent to carnal knowledge, 201;
divorce rate, 210.

Karems: effects of divorce on property among, i, 248.

Karlowa, O.: on _coemptio_, i, 199 n. 5.

Karok: bride-price among, i, 192.

Karo-Karo, of Sumatra: divorce among, i, 229.

Kasaph: betrothal by, i, 197.

Kautsky, Carl: on headship of woman in the family, i, 45;
evolution of father-right and mother-right, 55;
successive forms of marriage, 56-58;
classificatory systems, 71.

Keith, Alexander: the marriage-broker, i, 443;
his _Observations_ quoted, 443, 444;
his celebrations after passage of the marriage act, 459 n. 3.

Kemble, J. M.: on the penitentials, i, 326 n. 1.

Kent, James: on divorce in New York, ii, 383;
his decision in Fenton _v._ Reed, iii, 175 and nn. 2, 3, 185.

Kentucky: celebration of marriage in, ii, 414;
unauthorized celebration, 425;
age of consent and of parental consent, 428-30;
forbidden degrees, 433, 435;
void or voidable marriages, 435 n. 3, 436, 437, 438;
miscegenation forbidden, 439;
license system, 443, 447;
license bond, 448;
return, 449;
celebrant's record, 451;
state registration, 452;
legislative divorce, iii, 41, 42;
judicial divorce, 53-55;
remarriage, 82;
residence, 85;
intervention by prosecuting attorney, 90;
rejects common-law marriage, 180;
age of consent to carnal knowledge, 200.

Kiss: at betrothal, i, 297, note, 294 n. 3.

Klein, A.: cited, i, 274 n. 1.

Kling, M.: on divorce, ii, 62.

Koch _v._ Cornelissen, ii, 281, 282.

Koehne, C.: on marriage of the unfree, i, 257, 276 n. 1.

Kohler, J.: works of, i, 3, 4;
on adoption, 26 n. 2;
headship of woman in the family, 45;
Gainaberg maiden-market, 50 n. 2, 200 and n. 1;
sequence of mother-right and father-right, 54;
forms of marriage, 55 and n. 6;
totemism in relation to group-marriage and mother-right, 73-75;
exogamy, 121 n. 3;
extent of monogamy, 142 n. 2;
wife-capture, 157 n. 3;
wife-purchase, 179, 260 n. 1;
bride-price in Ireland, 200 n. 2;
_mund_, 256, 276 n. 2.

Kovalevsky, M.: on ancestor-worship among Slavs, i, 26 n. 1;
promiscuity at Slavic festivals, 50 n. 2;
the law of Black George, and Nestor, 190 n. 1.

Krauss, F. S.: his _Sitte und Brauch_, i, 5;
cited, 242, 243 n. 6, 244 n. 2.

Krus, the African: divorce among, i, 226 n. 3.

Kuczynsky, R. R.: cited, ii, 125; iii, 243 n. 2.

Kulischer, M.: cited, i, 89;
regards wife-purchase as a universal stage, 179;
but now as very rare, 185;
on the origin of the marriage ring in wife-capture, 280 n. 3.

Kurnai: elopement among, i, 169, 170;
marriage by service, 187, 188.

Kunandaburi: form of marriage among, i, 72 n. 6.

Kwakiutl: wife-purchase among, i, 190, 191.

Lacondou Indians, i, 94 n. 1.

Laers: cases of, ii, 274, 275, 277, 377.

Lambert of Avignon: liberal views on divorce, ii, 65;
favors death for adultery, 66.

Lamprecht, Karl: on wife-capture among Germans, i, 259 n. 1;
wife-purchase, 260 n. 1.

Lanfranc: requires benediction, i, 313.

Lang, Andrew: on theories of Westermarck and McLennan, i, 132, note.

Lantsman's case, ii, 378-80.

Laud, Archbishop: puts an end to irregular marriages in the Tower,
i, 443 n. 3;
scheme of, for a bishop in the colonies, ii, 132.

Lauderdale Peerage case, ii, 300-306; iii, 173.

_Launichild_, i, 266 n. 1.

_Lavves Resolutions of Womens Rights._ characterized, i, 406, 417
n. 2.

Lecky, W. E. H.: on restricted liberty of Greek wife as to divorce,
i, 240 n. 1;
Fleet marriages, 437 n. 2, 440, 441;
freedom of divorce in Rome, ii, 17 and n. 4, 18, 19;
use of metaphor in history or the church, 52, note;
abuse of canon-law divorce jurisdiction, 57 n. 2;
on deceased wife's sister question, 98 and n. 2, 99 and n. 2,
100-102;
Maule's decision, 108, 109;
divorce law of 1857, 109 n. 3;
inadequacy of present English law, 111, 112.

Legality and validity: distinguished, i, 312, 314, 315; ii, 287;
in England after Reformation, i, 379.

_Leges Henrici_, i, 334.

Legislation: history of, as to marriage, ii, 388-497;
as to divorce, iii, 3-160;
function of, 167-223;
influence on divorce rate, 216-20.

Legislative divorce: in England. (_See_ Parliamentary divorce.)

---- in the American colonies: Massachusetts, ii, 337, 338;
discontinued after 1692, 340:
New England, 349 and n. 2;
Plymouth, 349-51;
Connecticut, 355-60;
Rhode Island, 360, 361-66;
whether in southern, 374-76;
whether in New York, 383, 384;
in Pennsylvania, 387.

---- in the states: New Hampshire, iii, 10, 11;
Connecticut, 13;
Rhode Island, 14;
southern and southwestern states, 31-50;
middle and western states, 96-101.

Lehmann, K.: on sale-marriage, i, 260 n. 1;
betrothal, 275 n. 2.

Leigh, Anne: married in the Fleet, i, 438, note.

Leist, B. W.: on maternal family, i, 20;
_rita_ and _dharma_, 24 n. 2;
Aryan housewife, 27 n. 1;
denies that Roman agnation is based on _patria potestas_, 31 n. 5;
_coemptio_, 199 n. 5;
three parts of nuptial ceremony, 272 n. 3;
appointed daughter, 217 n. 2.

Leprosy: ground of divorce in China, i, 236;
and in Hawaii, iii, 144.

Letourneau, Charles: cited, i, 92;
on the extent of female kinship, 116 n. 2;
wife-capture, 158 n. 1, 163;
symbol of rape, 160, 161, 166, 176 n. 3;
original status of woman, 210, 211 n. 1.

_Lex Burgundionum_: on divorce, ii, 36.

_Lex Grimoald._: on divorce, ii, 38 n. 2.

_Lex Julia de adulteriis_, ii, 16 and n. 3, 29.

_Lex Julia et Papia Poppaea_, ii, 16 and n. 4.

_Lex romana Burgundionum_: allows divorce by mutual consent, ii, 34.

_Lex Saxonum_: cited, i, 264 and n. 5.

_Lex Visigothorum_: on divorce, ii, 37 and n. 3.

Levirate, i, 84 and n. 2, 133, 134 n. 1.

Levitical law: prescribes death for striking parent, i, 17 n. 5;
followed in the New England colonies, ii, 152, 162.
(_See_ Hebraism.)

_Libellum_ or _libellus repudii_, ii, 35 n. 1, 47 n. 1, 48, notes.

License, marriage, in England: under Cromwell's act, i, 418;
Hardwicke Act, 458;
4 Geo. IV., c. 76, 466, 467;
present English civil law, 471.

---- in the American colonies: required by Andros, ii, 136 n. 2;
issued by governor in New Hampshire, 147;
Virginia, 229, 234;
taxed, 234;
Maryland, 239, 241, 244;
North Carolina, 251, 252, 255, 256, 258;
New York, 285, 294. 296 and n. 4;
form of license in that colony, 298;
John Rodgers's evidence, 307;
New Jersey, 313, 314;
Pennsylvania, 321 and n. 5.

---- in the states: 403-8, 446-52, 481-97.

Liebermann, F.: his text of the Anglo-Saxon laws quoted, i, 267,
268.

Lika: divorce in, i, 242, 243 n. 6.

Lingard, John: on the early rituals, i, 302, 303.

Lippert, Julius: his works, i, 33;
theory of gynocracy, 44;
on peoples having custom of temple prostitution, 51 n. 1;
stages in evolution of the family, 54, 55;
wife-capture, 157 n. 3;
the symbol of capture, 176 n. 1;
regards wife-purchase as a universal stage, 179.

Lithuania: wife-capture in, i, 159.

Liturgies: of Edward VI. and Elizabeth, i, 283, 301 n. 3;
of Durham, Sarum, and York, 284 and n. 1, 301 and n. 2, 302-8;
not adopted by early Christians, 294, 295, 308;
those published by Surtees Society, 298.

Livermore, Mary A.: on social value of coeducation, iii, 246 n. 1.

Living apart: cases of, in colonial Massachusetts, ii, 159-61.

Livonia: wife-capture in, i, 159.

Loanga: proof-marriages in, i, 49.

Locke, John: his _Two Treatises on Government_, i, 3, 16, 17.

_Lohngeld_, i, 266 n. 1.

Lombard, Peter: on marriage as one of the "seven sacraments," i,
332, 333;
his theory of the _sponsalia_, 336-39;
it was rejected at the Reformation, 373;
the "master" of the canon law, ii, 47, 52;
his special pleading on divorce, 51 n. 4;
Milton on, 52 n. 1.

Lombards: wife-purchase among, i, 265;
their _quarta_ or dower, 269.

Lodge, H. C.: quoted, ii, 241, 242.

Long, Horod: case of, ii, 361-63.

Loening, E.: on wife-purchase, i, 260 n. 1;
Roman betrothal, 292 n. 2;
canon-law betrothal, 293 n. 1.

Louisiana: marriage celebration in, ii, 418-21;
witnesses, 423;
requisites of a legal marriage, 427, 428;
age of consent and of parental consent, 428, 429;
functions of family council, 431-33;
forbidden degrees, 433, 434;
void or voidable marriages, 435 n. 3, 436, 437;
miscegenation forbidden, 439;
license system, 445, 446;
return, 449;
legislative divorce, iii, 40, 41;
judicial divorce, 68-71;
remarriage, 83, 84;
notice, 88;
arbitration of divorce suits, 90;
intervention of prosecuting attorney, 90;
alimony, property, and custody of children, 91, 92, 95;
common-law marriage, 176;
age of consent to carnal knowledge, 199.

Lourbet, J.: quoted, iii, 240.

Lovrec, Dalmatia: wedding custom in i, 220 n. 3.

Lubbock, Sir John: introduces term "communal marriage," i, 34, 47
n. 2;
cited, 36;
on expiation for marriage, 50;
nomenclatures, 72 n. 5;
symbol or rape, 119;
exogamy and wife-capture, 120;
origin of aversion to close intermarriage, 122.

Lucock, H. M.: on deceased wife's sister question, ii, 98 n. 2;
remarriage of divorced persons, 112 n. 2.

Ludlow, J. M.: on form of marriage, i, 294.

Luther, Martin: on parental consent, i, 338 and n. 4;
the _sponsalia_, 341 and n. 2;
difficulties caused by the theory of the _sponsalia_, 345, 346;
his doctrine of betrothal 371-73;
its influence in Germany, 374, 375;
drafts simple marriage ritual, 375 and n. 3;
development of his views as to nature of wedlock, 386-88;
sanctions double marriage of Philip of Hesse, 390;
admits temporary separation, ii, 61;
shapes the Protestant doctrine of divorce, 61;
leads conservative reformers, 62;
adopts broad meaning of desertion, 62, 63 and n. 1;
does not admit certain grounds of divorce, 64 n. 1;
favors death for adultery, 67;
divorce jurisdiction, 69-71;
inclined to favor concubinage rather than full divorce, 71.

Luxford's case, ii, 159, 332.

Luzon: divorce in, i, 232.

Lyndhurst's act, ii, 95, 96.

McGee, W. J.: cited, i, 37;
on subordinate wives of Sioux, 144;
denies wife-capture among them, 165 n. 4;
on the Seri, 187, 218 n. 4.

Macclesfield's case, ii, 104.

McLennan, Donald, i, 34.

McLennan, J. F.: criticises Maine, i, 15-17;
on adoption, 26 n. 2;
exogamy and _patria potestas_, 31;
his works, 34, 65 n. 4;
criticised by Morgan and others, 35, 36;
rejects theory of expiation, 50 n. 2;
phallic worship, 52;
nomenclatures, 71, 72;
his constructive theory analyzed, 77-88;
promiscuity, 77;
female infanticide, 78, 79;
totem _gens_, 79 and n. 2;
polyandry, 80-84;
wife-capture, 84, 85, 156, 157;
exogamy, 85, 117, 118;
criticises Müller on symbol of rape, 175 n. 3;
wife-capture in Australia, 182 n. 1.

Macqueen, John: on parliamentary divorce, ii, 102 n. 2, 103-6,
notes.

McCreery v. Davis, iii, 78.

Magdalen College, pontifical of, i, 311 n. 4.

Madan, M.: his book described, i, 229 n. 2.

Maddox and Grimestone: their public betrothal, i, 381, 382.

Mæcenas: divorces his wives, ii, 17 n. 4.

Magalhães, Jose Vieira de: on sexual jealousy of Brazilian natives,
i, 105;
the Cahyapós, 107, 108;
the Guatos and Chambioás, 108, 109.

Magister Vacarius: theory of, i, 337 n. 2.

Magisterial separation: in England, ii, 117.

Magistrate: as solemnizer of marriage, origin of, i, 282;
supersedes the priest at the nuptials in New England colonies, ii,
125.

Maine: celebration of marriage in, ii, 392, 393;
unauthorized celebration, 395;
age of parental consent to marriage, 396;
miscegenation forbidden, 398;
checks marriage of paupers, 400;
survival of optional system of banns or posting, 403 n. 1;
certificate and record, 404;
return, 405, 406;
collection and record of statistics, 407, 408;
divorce: jurisdiction, kinds, and causes, iii, 16-18;
remarriage, 20, 21;
residence, 24, notes, 25;
as to common-law marriage, 179;
age of consent to carnal knowledge, 198;
license five days before celebration, 191;
divorce rate, 209, 212 n. 1, 218 n. 3;
bundling, ii, 184, 185.

Maine, Sir Henry: his patriarchal theory, i, 3;
on family as unit of social development, 10;
his patriarchal family, 10-13;
Spencer's criticism of, 14, 15;
McLennan's, 15-17;
on effect of promiscuity, 102;
aversion to close intermarriage, 122, 123.

Maintenance order: in England, ii, 116, 117.

Makassars: divorce among, i, 226, 241 n. 6.

Makower, F.: his _Constitutional History_, i, 290, 312 n. 1.

Malayan system of consanguinity, i, 67, 68, 71, 72.

Manipuris: effects of divorce among, i, 248.

_Manu_: editions of, i, 5;
wife-capture mentioned in, 160;
wife-purchase, 198 and nn. 4, 5.