Chapter II: Christmas Poetry (i)

1. See especially for Latin, German, and English hymnody #J. Julian, "A
Dictionary of Hymnology"# (New Edition, London, 1907), and the
#Historical Edition of "Hymns Ancient and Modern"# (London, 1909).

2. #H. C. Beeching, "A Book of Christmas Verse"# (London, 1895), 3.

3. Beeching, 8.

4. #A. Gastoué, "Noël"# (Paris, 1907), 38.

5. #R. W. Church, "St. Anselm"# (London, 1870), 6.

6. _Ibid._ 3 f.

7. #W. R. W. Stephens, "The English Church from the Norman Conquest to
the Accession of Edward I."# (London, 1901), 309.

8. #W. Sandys, "Christmastide: its History, Festivities, and Carols"#
(London, n.d.), 216; #E. Rickert, "Ancient English Carols.
MCCCC-MDCC"# (London, 1910), 133.

9. For the Franciscan influence on poetry and art see: #Vernon Lee,
"Renaissance Fancies and Studies"# (London, 1895); #H. Thode, "Franz
von Assisi und die Anfänge der Kunst der Renaissance in Italien"#
(Berlin, 1885); #A. Macdonell, "Sons of Francis"# (London, 1902); #J.
A. Symonds, "The Renaissance in Italy. Italian Literature,"# Part I.
(New Edition, London, 1898).

10. #Thomas of Celano, "Lives of St. Francis"# (Eng. Trans. by A. G.
Ferrers Howell, London, 1908), 84.

11. #P. Robinson, "Writings of St. Francis"# (London, 1906), 175.

12. #"Le poesie spirituali del B. Jacopone da Todi,"# con annotationi di
Fra Francesco Tresatti (Venice, 1617), 266.

13. _Ibid._ 275.

14. _Ibid._ 867.

15. #"Stabat Mater speciosa,"# trans. and ed. by J. M. Neale (London,
1866). |365|

16. For German Christmas poetry see, besides Julian: #Hoffmann von
Fallersleben, "Geschichte des deutschen Kirchenliedes bis auf Luthers
Zeit"# (2nd Edition, Hanover, 1854); #P. Wackernagel, "Das deutsche
Kirchenlied"# (Leipsic, 1867); and #C. Winkworth, "Christian Singers
of Germany"# (London, n.d.).

17. #R. M. Jones, "Studies in Mystical Religion"# (London, 1909), 235,
237.

18. #"Meister Eckharts Schriften und Predigten,"# edited by H. Buttner
(Leipsic, 1903), i. 44.

19. Translation by C. Winkworth, "Christian Singers," 84. German text in
Wackernagel, ii. 302 f.

20. #"Deutsches Weihnachtsbuch"# (Hamburg-Grossborstel, 1907), 125.

21. #"A Compendious Book of Godly and Spiritual Songs,"# reprinted from
the Edition of 1567 by A. F. Mitchell (Edinburgh and London, 1897),
53. This translation is abridged and Protestantized. The mediaeval
German text, which is partly addressed to the Virgin, is given in
#Hoffmann von Fallersleben, "In Dulci Jubilo"# (Hanover, 1854), 46.
For the music see #G. R. Woodward, "The Cowley Carol Book"# (New
Edition, London, 1909), 20 f. [a work peculiarly rich in old German
airs].

22. #K. Weinhold, "Weihnacht-Spiele und Lieder aus Süddeutschland und
Schlesien"# (2nd Edition, Vienna, 1875), 385.

23. _Ibid._ 396. [For help in the translation of German dialect I am
indebted to Dr. M. A. Mügge.]

24. _Ibid._ 400.

25. _Ibid._ 417.

26. E. K. Chambers, essay on "Some Aspects of Mediæval Lyric" in #"Early
English Lyrics,"# chosen by #E. K. Chambers and F. Sidgwick# (London,
1907), 290. [Twenty-five of Awdlay's carols were printed by Messrs.
#Chambers and Sidgwick# in #"The Modern Language Review"#
(Cambridge), Oct., 1910, and Jan., 1911.]

27. _Ibid._ 293.

28. Quoted by #J. J. Jusserand, "A Literary History of the English
People"# (2nd Edition, London, 1907), i. 218.

29. Rickert, 6; Beeching, 13.

30. No. lv. in Chambers and Sidgwick, "Early English Lyrics."

31. No. lix., _ibid._

32. No. lxi., _ibid._

33. No. lxx., _ibid._

34. No. lxvii., _ibid._

35. No. lxiii., _ibid._

36. Rickert, 67.