Chapter V: Introduction: 1 (5)

As used by James I. (q.v.). Over all the label, with three points arg., of an eldest son.

Sinister: Quarterly.

1st and 4th; arg., an eagle displayed sa., coroneted ppr.
_D'Este._

2nd and 3rd; az., 3 fleurs-de-lys or, within a bordure
counter-indented, or and gu. _Ferrara._

Ensigned with a princely coronet.

_Supporters._--Dexter: A lion of England or, wearing a princely coronet ppr., and charged on the neck with a label of three points arg.

Sinister: An eagle of D'Este sa., wearing a ducal coronet or.

_Note._--This stamp was made while James was still Duke of York, that is to say, between 1673 and 1685.

[WALLER. _Poems._ London, 1668.]

Mary Beatrice of Modena (born 5th October 1658, died 7th
May 1718) was a daughter of Alphonso IV., D'Este, Duke of
Modena. She was a strong Roman Catholic. In 1673 she married
James, Duke of York, whom she presently converted to the
Roman Catholic religion, and when she became queen in 1685,
her influence over the king continued to be very great. There
were many disquieting rumours about the birth of the Prince of
Wales, and Queen Mary was never liked in England. She seems,
however, to have been a devoted and affectionate wife.

Her trouble culminated about 1688, when she fled to France
with her little son, and was well and honourably received by
Louis XIV. James II. presently joined her at the Palace of St.
Germain, which the French king had put at his disposal on his
deposition from the throne of England in 1689. After James's
death in 1701 Queen Mary continued to live at St. Germain, and
remained there for the rest of her life.

MARY, PRINCESS OF ENGLAND, AFTERWARDS QUEEN OF FRANCE AND DUCHESS OF SUFFOLK.

_Arms._--Quarterly, France and England, as used by Henry VIII. (q.v.).

_Badges._--Tudor roses, gu. and arg., and portcullis arg., chained or.

_Initials._--M. S. (Mary Suffolk).

_Note._--The book bears the arms of Henry VIII., and the initials have been added. It is one of the earliest gold-tooled English bindings in existence, and was probably made by John Taverner for an earlier inside than that which it now covers.

[_Herbarum Imagines._ Francofurti, 1535.]

Mary Tudor (born 1497, died 23rd June 1534) was the youngest
daughter of Henry VII. At an early age she was enamoured of
Charles Brandon, afterwards Duke of Suffolk. Henry VIII.,
however, decided that her marriage with Louis XII. of France
was more expedient, and in 1514 she became his Queen. Next
year she was left a widow, and almost immediately she married
the Duke of Suffolk abroad, and the marriage was afterwards
re-solemnised in England.

MATTHEW, TOBIAS, ARCHBISHOP OF YORK

_Arms._--Impaled.

Dexter: Gu., two keys in saltire arg., in chief a Royal Crown
or. _See of York, after 1515._

Sinister: Quarterly.

1st and 4th; sa., a lion rampant arg.

2nd and 3rd; gu., 3 chevrons arg. _Matthew._

[_Novum Testamentum._ 1580.]

Tobias Matthew (born circ. 1546, died 29th March 1628) was the
son of John Matthew of Ross in Herefordshire. He was educated
at Oxford and ordained in 1566. He preached before Queen
Elizabeth at St. Mary's Church in the High Street at Oxford,
and attracted Her Majesty's attention by his eloquence and
his handsome appearance. He was made a Canon of Christchurch
Cathedral in 1570, and Dean in 1576. In 1583 he was Dean of
Durham. In 1595 he was consecrated Bishop of Durham, and in
1606 Archbishop of York. Archbishop Matthew took a prominent
part in the political as well as the theological affairs of his
time. Lady Arabella Stuart was imprisoned in his house, and she
escaped from it in 1611.

MONCK, CHRISTOPHER, SECOND DUKE OF ALBEMARLE

_Arms._--Within the Garter. Gu., a chevron between 3 lions' heads erased arg. _Monck._

_Coronet._--That of a Duke.

[HEYLYN. _Ecclesia Restaurata._ London, 1674.]

Christopher Monck (born circ. 1653, died 6th October 1688) was
the son of General George Monck, who, in recognition of his
services concerning the restoration of Charles II., was by
that monarch created Duke of Albemarle in 1660. Christopher
Monck succeeded his father in the Dukedom in 1669. He was made
a Knight of the Garter in the same year, and in 1687 he was
appointed Governor of Jamaica.

MONTAGU, JOHN, SECOND DUKE OF MONTAGU

_Arms._--Within the Garter. Quarterly.

1st and 4th; arg., 3 lozenges conjoined in fess gu., within a
bordure sa. _Montagu._

2nd and 3rd; or, an eagle displayed vert., beaked and membered
gu. _Monthermer._

On an escutcheon of pretence. Sa., a lion rampant arg., on a canton of the last a cross gu. _Churchill._

_Coronet._--That of a Duke.

[BACON. _The Historie of the Reigne of King
Henry the Seventh._ London, 1641.]

_Crest._--Within the Garter. A griffin's head couped or, beak and wings endorsed sa. _Montagu._

[BERKELEY. _Siris._ London, 1744.]

John Montagu (born circ. 1688, died 6th July 1749) was the son
of Ralph Montagu, Duke of Montagu, whom he succeeded in 1709.
At the coronation of George I. the Duke of Montagu was High
Constable, and he was Governor of St. Lucia and St. Vincent,
both of which islands were given to him by the king.

The Duke of Montagu carried the sceptre with the cross
at the coronation of George II., and in 1740 he was made
Master-General of the Ordnance. He raised a regiment of
cavalry, known as "Montagu's Carabineers." In 1719 he was made
a Knight of the Garter, and in 1725 Grand Master of the Order
of the Bath, and he also held several military appointments. He
was a Fellow of the Royal Society and of the Royal College of
Physicians.

The Duke's town residence, Montagu House, originally occupied
the site now covered by the British Museum, and at his death
it was acquired by the Government. Many alterations were
carried out for the better housing of the collections which
were placed in it, and eventually it was entirely rebuilt in a
more convenient form. It had been originally built for Ralph,
the first Duke of Montagu. The Duke married Mary Churchill,
daughter of John Churchill, Duke of Marlborough, the great
General. Lady Mary Churchill's only brother having died as a
boy, she and her sisters became heraldic heiresses, so their
coat-of-arms were borne on an escutcheon of pretence in the
centre of the coats-of-arms of their respective husbands.

MORDAUNT, JOHN, VISCOUNT MORDAUNT

_Crest._--A Saracen's head in profile ppr., wreathed about the temples, arg. and sa. _Mordaunt._

_Coronet._--That of a Viscount.

[BUCHONIUS. _Primitiae gnomonicae Catoptricae, etc._
Avenione, 1635.]

_Variety._--In a smaller size.

[_Recueil general des Caquets de l'Acouchée._ 1623.]

John Mordaunt (born 18th June 1626, died 5th June 1675) was
the second son of John Mordaunt, Earl of Peterborough. He was
educated at Oxford and was a strong Royalist. In 1658 he was
in consequence tried for his life, and only escaped death by
one vote. He was with Charles II. on the Continent, and in
1659 was created Viscount Mordaunt of Avalon. In 1660, on
the Restoration, Lord Mordaunt was knighted. He commanded a
troop of horse and a regiment of foot, and was Constable of
Windsor Castle and Keeper of the Great Park. He was also Lord
Lieutenant of Surrey.

MUSGRAVE, SIR WILLIAM, BARONET

_Crest._--Two arms in armour, gauntleted ppr., holding an annulet or. _Musgrave._

[SAINT GERMAN. _Doctor and Student._
In the Savoy, 1751.]

William Musgrave (born 8th October 1735, died 16th January
1800) was the second son of Sir Richard Musgrave of Hayton
Castle, and succeeded to the family Baronetcy in 1755, on the
death of his elder brother.

Sir William was a Commissioner of Customs and of Accounts, a
Fellow and Vice-President of the Royal Society, a lawyer of
much distinction, and a Bencher and Treasurer of the Middle
Temple. He was author of a very useful compilation known as
Musgrave's Obituary; it gives reference to places where the
various persons deceased are mentioned, and also further
particulars. The obituary was published by the Harleian Society
in 1899-1901.

Sir William Musgrave made large collections of manuscripts
on the subject of portrait-painting in England, and also
concerning the history of England. He bequeathed these
manuscripts, as well as a considerable number of printed books,
to the British Museum, of which he was a Trustee. He had
already given several books to the library during his lifetime,
many of which contain an autograph note of the presentation.

NAUNTON, SIR ROBERT

_Arms._--Quartered.

1. Gu., 3 martlets or. _Naunton._

2. Quarterly, or and gu., in the first quarter a lion rampant
of the second. _Inglish._

3. Arg., a chief indented sa. _Hillock._

4. Sa., an eagle displayed arg., between 6 bezants, 3, 2, and
1. _Busserard._

5. Arg., a lion rampant sa., a chief gu., a crescent for
difference. _Ashby._

6. Gu., 10 bezants, 4, 3, 2, and 1. _Zouch._

7. Arg., 2 bars gu. _Martin._

8. Gu., a lion rampant between 14 tau crosses or. _Powell_ (?).

9. A chevron between 3 Hebrew letters "Cheth," probably
standing for "Jehovah." _Unknown._

10. Erm., a cross engrailed sa. _Houghton_.

_Crest._--A basilisk ppr.

_Helmet._--That of an Esquire.

_Motto._--PRVDENS SIMPLICITAS.

[_Common Prayer._ London, 1612.]

Robert Naunton (born circ. 1563, died 27th March 1635)
was the son of Henry Naunton of Alderton. He was educated
at Cambridge, where in 1594 he was elected Public Orator,
and travelled largely on the Continent for the purpose of
studying politics. He was Member of Parliament for Helston in
1606, then for Camelford and for Suffolk, and sat in three
Parliaments as Member for Cambridge. In 1614 he received the
honour of Knighthood, and in 1617 became Secretary of State,
and afterwards Master of the Court of Wards. Sir Robert was
an earnest Protestant, and the Catholics considered that he
was too strongly opposed to their interests. The latter part
of his life was troubled, chiefly because he was too free in
expressing his own views as to matters of public interest.
Although he held several important official offices, he
does not appear to have been a man of much talent, but his
management of the matters entrusted to him was marked by strong
common sense and trustworthiness. He wrote several valuable
books on travel, biography, and history.

NEVILL, GEORGE, EARL OF ABERGAVENNY

_Badges._--1. A Lancastrian rose gu., seeded or, and leaved vert. 2. A portcullis of De Beaufort arg., chained and ringed or, nailed az. Both ensigned with an Earl's Coronet.

[C. SUETONIUS. _Tranquillus ex recensione F. Oudendorpii._
Lugduni Batavorum, 1751.]

George Nevill (born 24th June 1727, died 9th September 1785)
was the son of William Nevill, Lord Abergavenny. He was a
godson of George II., and succeeded his father in the Barony in
1744. Lord Abergavenny was Lord Lieutenant of Sussex, and in
1784 he was created Earl of Abergavenny.

The use of the badges shown is not confined to any particular
earl, but had been generally used by the Nevill family for a
long time. The Red Rose of Lancaster was adopted as a badge by
Richard Nevill, Earl of Warwick, whose daughter Anne married
Edward, Prince of Wales, only son of Henry VI., the last of
the Lancastrian Kings, in 1470. The Princess Anne afterwards
married Richard III., the last of the Yorkist Kings. The
portcullis was used as a badge of descent from the house of
De Beaufort, and both badges are still used by the family of
Nevill.

NOEL, BAPTIST, THIRD EARL OF GAINSBOROUGH

_Arms._--Impaled.

Dexter: Or, fretty gu., a canton erm. _Noel._

Sinister: Or, two bars az., a chief quarterly of the last and
gu., in the first and fourth quarters 2 fleurs-de-lys
or, and in the second and third quarters a lion passant
guardant, of the last langued and unguled az. _Manners._

_Coronet._--That of an Earl.

[SETTLE. _Thalia Lacrymans._ London, 1714.]

Baptist Noel (born 1684, died 17th April 1714) was the son of
Baptist Noel of Luffenham, Rutland, who was the eldest son,
by his fourth marriage, of Baptist Noel, second Baron Noel
and third Viscount Campden. The eldest son of Lord Campden
succeeded to his father's title in 1682, and in 1681 he was
created Earl of Gainsborough with special remainder to his
younger brothers. In consequence of this remainder, on the
death of Wriothesley Noel, second Earl of Gainsborough, in
1691, without male heir, the Earldom reverted to Baptist Noel,
his cousin, who succeeded as third Earl.

Lord Gainsborough married, about 1706, his first cousin,
Dorothy Manners, daughter of John, first Duke of Rutland.

PARKER, MATTHEW, ARCHBISHOP OF CANTERBURY

_Arms._--Gu., on a chevron between 3 keys erect arg., as many estoiles of the field. The estoiles were an augmentation added in 1559. _Parker._

[_New Testament._ London, 1574.]

Matthew Parker (born 6th August 1504, died 17th May 1575)
was educated at Cambridge, and in 1527 he took orders and
became a Fellow of his College, and quickly made a name as a
powerful preacher. In 1537 he was made Chaplain to the King
and a Prebendary of Ely. He became Master of his old College,
St. Benet's (Corpus Christi), in 1544. In 1552 he was Dean of
Lincoln, but on Mary's accession he lost that and his other
preferments on the ground of his being married.

During all Queen Mary's reign Dr. Parker kept himself well out
of the way, but when Elizabeth came to the throne he was sought
out and in 1559 consecrated Archbishop of Canterbury, being the
second Protestant Archbishop of that See.

Archbishop Parker concerned himself much with literature,
and wrote several valuable books. He had much to do with the
Book of Common Prayer, and also with the revisal of the then
existing translation of the Bible, the edition finally issued
by him being known as the "Bishop's Bible." He founded the
Society of Antiquaries of London in 1572, and bequeathed a
large number of books and manuscripts to the University of
Cambridge and to his old College.

Archbishop Parker had a staff of workmen in his own house,
part of which was fully equipped for their use. His work _De
Antiquitate Britannicae Ecclesiae_, of which it is said no
two copies are alike, as the Archbishop made some alterations
in the proofs every time they were submitted to him, is said
to have been printed at the Archbishop's press by John Day.
Some of his books are beautifully bound in embroidered velvet,
also supposed to have been done in his own house. In one of
his letters to Lord Burghley, he says that he has in his house
"Paynters, Lymners, Wryters, and Book-Bynders." It is possible
that several of the fine bindings made for Queen Elizabeth and
for Lord Burghley were really made in the Archbishop's workshop.

PEPYS, SAMUEL, SECRETARY TO THE ADMIRALTY

_Arms._--Quarterly.

1st and 4th; sa., on a bend or, between 2 nags' heads erased
arg., 3 fleurs-de-lys of the field. _Pepys._

2nd and 3rd; gu., a lion rampant within a bordure engrailed
arg. _Gray._

_Crest._--A camel's head erased or, bridled, lined, ringed, and gorged with a ducal coronet or.

_Helmet._--That of an Esquire.

_Motto._--MENS CUIUSQUE IS EST QUISQUE.

[_Several books in the Pepys Library at Magdalene College,
Cambridge._]

[The Pepys Library at Magdalene College, Cambridge.]

_Variety._--A shield lettered "SAM. PEPYS CAR. ET IAC. ANGL. REGIB. A SECRETIS ADMIRALIÆ."

Behind the shield are two fouled anchors.

_Crest_ and _helmet_ as in the preceding example.

[_Books at Magdalene College, Cambridge._]

[The Pepys Library at Magdalene College, Cambridge.]

Samuel Pepys (born 23rd February 1632, died 26th May 1703) was
the son of John Pepys of Cottenham, in Cambridgeshire. He was
educated at Magdalene College, Cambridge, and became clerk of
the Acts of the Navy in 1660.

In 1673 Mr. Pepys was Secretary to the Admiralty, and he
introduced several admirable reforms in the management of that
office, which he retained until 1689. He accompanied Lord
Dartmouth to Tangier, and made several expeditions to the
Continent and about the coasts of England.

In 1690 he published his _Memoirs_ concerning the navy of
England, a very important work. In 1684 Mr. Pepys was President
of the Royal Society. He left a considerable library to his old
College at Cambridge, manuscripts as well as printed books,
and also several prints. Pepys kept a curious _Diary_ in
cypher from 1659 to 1669. It has been deciphered and published
several times, but the best edition is that issued by Mr. H. B.
Wheatley in 1893.

PERCY, HENRY, NINTH EARL OF NORTHUMBERLAND

_Badge._--Within the Garter.

A crescent arg., ensigned with an Earl's coronet.

[JAMES I. _Triumphs_, etc. London, 1610.]

Henry Percy (born April 1564, died 5th November 1632) was
the son of the eighth Earl of Northumberland and succeeded
his father, who was murdered in the Tower, in 1585. Lord
Northumberland was fined and imprisoned in the Tower in
consequence of an alleged complicity in the Gunpowder Plot. In
1593 he was made a Knight of the Garter, and in 1603 he was
Captain of the Corps of Gentlemen Pensioners.

Northumberland was in distant remainder to the Crown of
England, and at one time it was probable that his claims might
be strengthened by a marriage with Lady Arabella Stuart, niece
of Lord Darnley, and great-granddaughter of Margaret, elder
daughter of Henry VII., but the negotiation came to nothing.
The Earl was fond of scientific pursuits and was known as
"The Wizard Earl," and was a great smoker. The badge of the
silver crescent was used by the Percy family generally and not
exclusively by any particular member of it.

PETTY, WILLIAM FITZMAURICE, MARQUIS OF LANSDOWNE

_Arms._--Within the Garter. Quarterly.

1st and 4th; erm., on a bend az., a magnetic needle pointing at
a Pole Star or. _Petty._

2nd and 3rd; arg., a saltire gu., a chief erm. _Fitzmaurice._

_Coronet._--That of a Marquis.

_Supporters._--Two pegasi erm., bridled, crined, winged, and unguled or., each charged on the shoulder with a fleur-de-lys az.

_Motto._--VIRTUTE NON VERBIS.

[PONTIFICALE. Lansdowne MS. 451.]

William Fitzmaurice Petty (born 1737, died 7th May 1805) was
the son of John, Earl of Shelburne. He was educated at Oxford,
and then entered the army, and fought at Campen and at Minden,
eventually becoming a general officer. He represented High
Wycombe in Parliament. In 1761, on the death of his father,
William Petty became Earl of Shelburne, and quickly made his
mark in the House of Lords, and became head of the Board of
Trade. In 1766 he became a Secretary of State for the Southern
Department. On the death of Lord Rockingham in 1782, Lord
Shelburne succeeded as Premier, and held this position until
1783. In 1784 Lord Shelburne was created Marquis of Lansdowne,
and he spent the remainder of his life at his beautiful
Wiltshire seat of Bowood.

About 1765 he began collecting books, particularly those
concerning history and politics. Among the books collected by
Lord Shelburne were several which had belonged to Sir Julius
Cæsar, and also many of Lord Burghley's. Lord Lansdowne's
manuscripts were acquired for the British Museum by purchase
after his death.

PHILPOT, JOHN, SOMERSET HERALD

_Arms._--Quarterly.

1st and 4th; gu., a cross arg., between four swords erect of
the second, pommelled and hilted or. _Philpot._

2nd and 3rd; sa., a bend ermine. _Philipot._

On an escutcheon of pretence. Az., a chevron erm., between 3 crescents arg. _Glover._

_Crest._--Out of a ducal coronet, a dexter arm embowed in armour holding in the hand a sword guttée de sang, all ppr.

(College of Arms, Queen Victoria Street, E.C.)

[_Books at the College of Arms._]

John Philpot (born c. 1587, died 20th November 1645) was the
son of Henry Philpot, at one time Mayor of Folkestone. He
married Susan Glover, niece of the Somerset Herald, Robert
Glover. In 1618 Philpot was appointed Blanch Lion Pursuivant,
and a little later Rouge Dragon. He was deputy for William
Camden in the visitations of Kent, Hampshire, Berkshire,
Gloucestershire, Sussex, Buckingham, Oxfordshire, and
Rutlandshire.

In 1624 he became Somerset Herald, and held also the office
of Steward of the Manors of Gillingham and Grain. Philpot
supported the cause of Charles I., and fought for him, and in
1644 he was made prisoner by the Parliamentarians. Besides his
several Visitations, Philpot published several other valuable
historical and genealogical works, and left many more in
manuscript. Several of his books are at the College of Arms.

POULETT, THE LADY BRIDGET

_Arms._--On a lozenge. Sa., 3 swords in pile arg., hilts or.

[DRYDEN. _Fables._ London, 1745.]

Bridget Poulett (born c. 1720, died c. 1780) was the eldest
daughter of John Poulett, Earl Poulett. Lady Bridget married
Pollexpen Bastard of Kitly in Devon. She had three sisters, one
of whom married John Parker, and these two would have used the
same coat-of-arms within a lozenge before their marriage. The
other two sisters died unmarried, so they would always have
used it.

It is not now safe to say, without further information, to
which of these sisters any particular book bearing this coat
belonged.

PYE, SIR ROBERT, KNIGHT

_Arms._--Quartered.

1 and 6. Erm., a bend fusilly, gu. _Pye_.

2. A lion passant.

3. Per pale, gu. and az., a lion rampant supporting a tree
eradicated vert. _Wynstone._

4. Gu., 3 stirrups leathered and buckled or. _Scudamore._

5. Arg., on a chevron engrailed sa., between 3 ravens ppr., as
many escallops or. _Croker._

_Crest._--A cross crosslet fitchée gu., between two wings expanded arg., over all a crescent for difference.

_Helmet._--That of an Esquire.

[ALLEN. _An antidote against Heresy, etc._ London, 1648.]

Robert Pye (born 1585, died 1662) was Remembrancer of the
Exchequer in 1618, and received the honour of Knighthood in
1621. He was a strong Parliamentarian, and his son Robert
married a daughter of John Hampden. Sir Robert Pye acquired the
property of Faringdon in Berkshire, where his descendants lived
for a long time. He represented Woodstock in Parliament.

RADCLIFFE, ROBERT, FIFTH EARL OF SUSSEX

_Arms._--Within the Garter. Quartered.

1. Arg., a bend engrailed sa. _Radcliffe._

2. Or, a fess between 2 chevrons gu. _Fitz-Walter._

3. Arg., a lion rampant sa., crowned or, a bordure az.
_Burnell._

4. Arg., a saltire engrailed az. _Harding._

5. Gu., 3 lucies hauriant arg. _Lucy._

6. Barry of six, arg. and az. _Grey._

7. Arg., semée of fleurs-de-lys sa. _Bereford._

8. Arg., an eagle carrying off a child swathed gu., banded or.
_Culcheth._

_Coronet._--That of an Earl.

[LONICER. _Chronicorum Turcicorum Liber, etc._
Francoforti ad Moenum, 1578.]

Robert Radclyffe (born c. 1560, died 22nd September 1629) was
the only son of Henry Radclyffe, fourth Earl of Sussex. In 1593
Robert, styled Viscount Fitzwalter, succeeded to his father's
earldom. In 1594 he went to Scotland as Ambassador for the
christening of Prince Henry, and he commanded a regiment of
infantry at Cadiz in 1596, when he was knighted by the Earl of
Essex. Lord Sussex twice acted as Earl Marshal, and in 1599 he
was made a Knight of the Garter. In 1599 he was Colonel General
of Foot, and in 1626 he carried the orb at the coronation of
Charles I. Lord Sussex served as Lord Lieutenant of Essex and
Governor of Harwich.

RAWDON, JOHN, BARON RAWDON

_Crest._--On a mural coronet arg., a pheon sa., with a laurel branch issuant thereout ppr. _Rawdon._

[_Recueil general des Caquets de l'Acouchée._ 1623.]

John Rawdon (born c. 1710, died 20th June 1793) was the son of
Sir John Rawdon, Baronet, of Moira, Member of Parliament for
County Down. He succeeded his father in the baronetcy in 1723,
and in 1750 was raised to the peerage as Baron Rawdon. In 1761
he was created Earl of Moira in the peerage of Ireland.

The same crest would have been borne for a time by the son
of Lord Moira, Francis Rawdon-Hastings, who was an eminent
soldier. He was in 1783 created an English Peer by the same
title as was enjoyed by his father, Baron Rawdon, by which
he was known until 1793, when he succeeded to the Earldom of
Moira. The additional surname of Hastings was assumed by Lord
Rawdon in 1790, in accordance with the will of his maternal
uncle Francis Hastings, tenth Earl of Huntingdon.

RAWDON, MARMADUKE

_Arms._--Arg., a fess between 3 pheons sa. _Rawdon._

[_Life of Marmaduke Rawdon of York._ MS.]

Marmaduke Rawdon (born March 1609, died 7th February 1668)
belonged to an old Yorkshire family, and was the son of
Laurence Rawdon of York. Mr. Rawdon entered the employ of an
uncle who was a merchant, and travelled about the world in his
service. He was for a long time in the Canary Islands, and he
made an ascent of the Peak of Teneriffe. Rawdon was a noted
antiquary, and he made valuable notes of his travels. His
"Life" has been edited for the Camden Society by Mr. Robert
Davies.

RAWLINSON, RICHARD

_Crest._--A sheldrake ppr., in his beak an escallop arg. _Rawlinson._

_Badge._--An escallop arg., being an excerpt from the Rawlinson coat-of-arms which is gu., 2 bars gemelles between 3 escallops arg.

[_Bible_, Greek. Antwerp, 1566.]

Richard Rawlinson (born 3rd January 1690, died 6th April 1755)
was the fourth son of Sir Thomas Rawlinson, Lord Mayor of
London. He was educated at Oxford and took Orders in 1716. In
1728 he was consecrated nonjuring Bishop, but never accepted
the duties of the position. Dr. Rawlinson was a Fellow of the
Royal Society and of the Society of Antiquaries. He was a
great collector of books and manuscripts, the greater part of
which he bequeathed to Oxford, where they are now kept in the
Bodleian Library. Others were sold by auction. Dr. Rawlinson
wrote a number of books on antiquarian and topographical
subjects, and he left his heart to his old college, St. John's,
at Oxford, where it is still kept in the chapel in a marble urn.

RIVERS, SIR JOHN, BART.

_Crest._--A bull statant arg., ducally crowned, collared, ringed and armed or. _Rivers._

[_In Aristotelis de Coelo libros quatuor._ Venetiis, 1598.]

John Rivers (born circ. 1579, died circ. 1651) was the son of
Sir George Rivers, and grandson of Sir John Rivers, Lord Mayor
of London. Mr. Rivers was educated at Oxford, and admitted to
the Inner Temple in 1600. In 1621 he was created a Baronet.

RUSSELL, FRANCIS, SECOND EARL OF BEDFORD

_Arms._--Within the Garter. Quartered.

1. Quarterly; 1 and 4, arg., a lion rampant gu. _Russell._

2nd and 3rd, az., a tower with cupola arg., door gu. _De La
Tour._

2. Barry of eight, or and az., a crescent for difference.
_Fitzalan._

3. Gu., 3 herrings hauriant in fess arg. _Herringham._

4. Sa., a griffin segreant between 3 crosses crosslet fitchée
arg. _Froxmere._

5. Sa., 3 chevrons arg. _Wyse._

6. Sa., 3 dovecotes arg., 2 and 1, a mullet for difference.
_Sapcote._

7. Arg. on a cross gu., 5 mullets arg., 1, 3, and 1. _Bodenham._

_Coronet._--That of an Earl.

[_Prayers._ Edinburgh, 1565.]

Francis Russell (born 1527, died 28th July 1585) was the son
of John Russell, K.G., created Earl of Bedford in 1549. In
1554 Francis Russell succeeded to his father's earldom, and
in 1546 he was made a Knight of the Bath. He was High Sheriff
of Bedfordshire and Buckinghamshire, Member of Parliament for
Northumberland, and Lord Lieutenant for Bucks.

Lord Bedford served as Ambassador to France on two occasions,
and in 1564 he was made a Knight of the Garter. He also served
as Chief Justice in Eyre south of Trent, and Lord Lieutenant of
Dorset, Devon, and Cornwall. He was known as the "Good Earl of
Bedford," and entertained Queen Elizabeth both at Chenies and
at Woburn.

RUSSELL, WRIOTHESLEY, SECOND DUKE OF BEDFORD

_Arms._--Arg., a lion rampant gu., on a chief sa., 3 escallops of the first.

_Coronet._--That of a Duke.

[KNOLLES. _Turkish History._ London, 1701.]

Wriothesley Russell (born 1st November 1680, died 26th May
1711) was the son of William Russell, second son of William
Russell, first Duke of Bedford. His mother was Rachel,
daughter of Thomas Wriothesley, Earl of Southampton. In 1700
Wriothesley Russell succeeded to the Dukedom on the death of
his grandfather the first Duke. He was educated at Oxford,
and in 1701 was a Gentleman of the Bedchamber, and acted as
Lord Lieutenant of Bedfordshire, of Cambridgeshire, and of
Middlesex. He was Lord High Constable at the coronation of
Queen Anne, on which occasion he was made a Knight of the
Garter.

Through Rachel Wriothesley the Manors of Bloomsbury and St.
Giles-in-the-Fields came into possession of the Russell family,
and for a long time they lived at Bedford House, which occupied
the site now forming the northern side of Bloomsbury Square.

SACKVILLE, EDWARD, FOURTH EARL OF DORSET

_Crest._--Out of an heraldic coronet ppr., an estoile of 8 points arg.

_Coronet._--That of an earl.

[DE PHILOTHEIA. _Canticum canticorum_, libri x.
Friburgi Helvetiorum, 1609.]

Edward Sackville (born circ. 1590, died 17th July 1652) was the
son of Richard Sackville, third Earl of Dorset. He was educated
at Oxford, and succeeded his father in the Earldom in 1624. Mr.
Sackville was Member of Parliament for Sussex, and in 1616 was
made a Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath, and after
his succession to the peerage he acted as Lord Lieutenant of
Middlesex, and later of Sussex. In 1625 he was made a Knight of
the Garter.

Lord Dorset carried one of the swords at the coronation of
Charles I., and served as Chamberlain of the Household in 1644.
He married Mary Curzon, governess to the king's children.

SAINT-GEORGE, SIR RICHARD, KNIGHT

_Arms._--Quartered.

1. Arg., a chief az., over all a lion rampant gu., crowned or.
_St. George._

2. Arg., a cross flory gu. _Trussell._

3. Gu., 3 covered cups or. _Butler._

4. Arg., 3 fleurs-de-lys between 8 crosslets sa. _Mortimer._

5. Az., a fess dancetty between 6 escallops arg. _Dengayne._

6. Sa., an estoile arg. _Ingleby._

_Legend._--SIGILLVM RICARDI SANCTI GEORGII.

[_Collection of Manuscript Tracts of the Seventeenth Century._
Add. MS. 577, b. 5.]

Richard Saint-George (born circ. 1577, died 17th May 1635)
was the son of Thomas Saint-George of Hatley Saint-George,
Cambridge. He was always a great student of heraldry and
genealogy. In 1602 he was made Berwick Pursuivant, and in 1603
Norroy King-of-Arms. He conducted visitations of Derbyshire,
Yorkshire, Cheshire, Lancashire, and other counties. In 1616 he
received the honour of Knighthood.

Sir Richard became Clarencieux King-of-Arms in 1623, and
presently, with Sir John Borough, Norroy, he conducted several
further visitations in the southern counties of England. He
wrote several valuable genealogical works, many of which are
among the manuscripts in the British Museum. Many of his
writings have been published. His son Henry afterwards became
Garter King-of-Arms.

SALWEY, HUMPHREY

_Arms._--Quartered.

1. Sa., a saltire engrailed or. _Salwey._

2. Arg., on a chief az., a lion passant of the first. _Aston._

3. Or, on a bend sa., 3 eagles displayed arg. _Manley._

4. Gu., a fess compony, arg. and sa., between 6 crosses
crosslet fitchée or. _Boteler._

5. Arg., 2 bendlets sa. _Bradshaw._

6. Bendy of 10, or and az. _Montfort._

7. Arg., on a bend wavy az., 3 swans of the first. _Dawes._

8. Arg., a fess az., between 3 boars' heads couped sa. _Alyson._

9. Arg., a chevron engrailed between 3 bugle horns sa.,
stringed or. _Wyerley._

[HATCHER. _G. Haddoni lucubrationes._ Londini, 1567.]

Humphrey Salwey (born circ. 1575, died December 1652) was
educated at Oxford, and entered the Middle Temple in 1591. He
took part in the Civil War on the side of Parliament. In 1644
he was appointed King's Remembrancer in the Court of Exchequer.
In 1649 he was made a Judge, but never took his place as such.
He was buried in Westminster Abbey.

SANDYS, SIR THOMAS, KNIGHT

_Arms._--Or, a fess dancetty between 3 crosses crosslet fitchée gu., a fleur-de-lys for difference. _Sandys._

[JACOBUS DE VORAGINE. _Legendario delle vite de' Santi._
Venetia, 1607.]

Edwin Sandys (born 9th December 1561, died October 1642) was
the sixth son of Edwin Sandys, Archbishop of York. He was
educated at Merchant Taylors' and Oxford, and in 1589 entered
the Middle Temple as a student. In 1586 Mr. Sandys represented
Andover in Parliament, and afterwards sat for Plympton. He
wrote some books on religious subjects during a visit to Paris.
In 1603 he received the honour of Knighthood, and was Member of
Parliament for Stockbridge.

Sir Edwin Sandys was conspicuous in Parliament, and got into
trouble about his views as to the succession to the throne,
and had to appear before the Council, but nothing was done
further than that he had to give security for his appearance
if wanted. He was an active member of the East India Company,
and the Sandys group of islands in the Somers Islands was named
after him. He also took a prominent part in the affairs of the
Virginia Company, of which he was elected Treasurer in 1619, in
succession to Sir Thomas Smythe. His administration, however,
in the long-run, was no better than that of his predecessor,
and in 1621 he was imprisoned in the Tower, but soon released.

Sir Edwin was returned to Parliament as Member for Sandwich,
and afterwards for Penrhyn, but soon afterwards left public
life, and devoted himself to his favourite East India Company.
His political career was of much interest and importance.

SAY, WILLIAM

_Arms._--Quarterly, or and gu., in the first quarter a lion passant guardant az. A crescent for difference. _Say._

[_Dialogi sex._ Antverpiae, 1566.]

William Say (born c. 1604, died c. 1666) was the second son of
William Say of Ickenham, Middlesex. He was educated at Oxford,
and was a Bencher of the Middle Temple. Mr. Say was a Member
of Parliament for Camelford, and signed the death warrant of
Charles I. For a time, in the absence of Speaker Lenthal, Say
acted as Speaker in the House of Commons.

At the Restoration Say had to leave England, and found refuge
in Holland, where he died.

SHEFFIELD, JOHN, THIRD EARL OF MULGRAVE, AFTERWARDS DUKE OF THE COUNTY OF BUCKINGHAM.

_Arms._--Within the Garter. Arg., a chevron between 3 garbs gu. _Sheffield._

_Coronet._--That of an Earl.

_Note._--Used between 1674 and 1694.

[CUDWORTH. _The Intellectual System of the Universe._
London, 1678.]

John Sheffield (born 7th April 1648, died 24th February 1720)
was the son of Edmund Sheffield, second Earl of Mulgrave, and
succeeded his father in 1658. John Sheffield had an eventful
military and naval career, the two professions being in his
time curiously considered as one. As a sailor he took part
in the fight at Solebay in 1672 under the Duke of York, and
afterwards was Captain of the "Royal Catherine." As a soldier
Lord Mulgrave was Colonel of the Holland Regiment, Governor
of Hull, and commanded a force at Tangier. In 1674 he was
made a Knight of the Garter. He was a member of the Privy
Council and Lord Chamberlain of the Household. In 1694 he was
made Marquis of Normandy, and in 1703, Duke of Normandy, and
shortly afterwards Duke of the County of Buckingham. He was a
book-lover, and an author of some repute in his own time.

SHELDON, RALPH

_Arms._--Sa., a fess arg., between 3 sheldrakes ppr. _Sheldon._

[_The Annals of Cornelius Tacitus._ London, 1640.]

_Variety._--Quarterly.

1st and 4th; sa., a fess arg., between 3 sheldrakes ppr.
_Sheldon._

2nd; arg., on a bend sa., between 2 lions rampant of the
second, a wyvern, extended, of the first. _Newport._

3rd; gu., a saltire vair. _Wellington._

[NOSTRADAMUS. _The True Prognostications, etc._ London,
1672.]

Ralph Sheldon (born 1st August 1623, died 24th June 1684)
was the son of William Sheldon of Beoley, Worcestershire,
and an ardent collector of antiquities, particularly books
and manuscripts. He collected a large library at his house
"Weston," at Long Compton, Warwickshire, and bequeathed to the
College of Arms a large number of the manuscripts of Augustine
Vincent, Windsor Herald. Mr. Sheldon suffered persecution as
a Catholic. He wrote several genealogical treatises, many of
which are now kept at the College of Arms.

SLOANE, SIR HANS, BART.

_Arms._--Gu., a sword in pale, point downwards, blade arg., hilted or, between 2 boars' heads couped at the neck of the third; on a chief erm., a lion passant of the first between 2 mascles sa. The Ulster hand gu., on an escutcheon arg., in the dexter chief.

_Legend._--BIBLIOTHECA MANUSCRIPT. SLOANEIANA.

[_State Papers_, 1515-1525. Sloane MS. 3839.]

Hans Sloane (born 16th April 1660, died 11th January 1753) was
the son of Alexander Sloane, a Scotchman who settled in Ireland
as receiver-general of the estates of Lord Clanricarde.

When he was about eighteen Hans Sloane came to London to pursue
his studies, particularly medicine, chemistry, and botany.
In botany he became a great authority, and his botanical
collections were of great importance. In 1683 he went to France
to continue his scientific studies, and on his return to London
he set up as a practising physician in England.

In 1687 Dr. Sloane went to the West Indies as physician
to Christopher Monck, second Duke of Albemarle, who was
Governor-General of the West Indian Colonies, and during the
voyage the doctor made valuable collections, chiefly botanical,
and also brought together a mass of material for his future
use as an author. Dr. Sloane's botanical collections were
largely increased by bequests from friends, particularly that
of William Courten in 1702. In 1693 Dr. Sloane was Secretary to
the Royal Society, and he was also Physician-in-Chief to George
I., who in 1716 created him a Baronet. He was President of the
College of Physicians in 1719 and of the Royal Society in 1727.
Sir Hans Sloane lived in a house in Great Russell Street, and
in 1741 he moved to more roomy quarters at the Manor House,
Chelsea, where his collections could be better seen.

By his will Sir Hans Sloane bequeathed his natural history
collections, antiquities of all sorts, manuscripts, and printed
books to the British Nation, conditional on the payment to his
family of £20,000, and after considerable negotiation the offer
was accepted. In 1753 an Act (25th George II., chap. 22) was
passed "for the purchase of the Museum or Collection of Sir
Hans Sloane," and the collections were in time, with others,
removed to Montagu House, which was opened to the public
in 1759. The Sloane family is represented among the Family
Trustees of the British Museum.

SMITH, JOSEPH, CONSUL

_Arms._--Arg., 2 chevrons sa., each charged with 3 fleurs-de-lys of the first; on a chief gu., a lion passant or. _Smith._

_Crest._--A dexter arm erect, vested chequy, vert and or, holding in the hand a sheaf of 3 arrows of the last.

[PETRARCH. _Canzoniere._ Venetiis, 1533.]

Joseph Smith (born circ. 1682, died 6th November 1770) went as
a young man to Venice, and quickly became known as an ardent
collector of books and objects of art generally. In 1740 he was
appointed British Consul at Venice. In 1762 Smith's library was
bought for George III., and formed the first important nucleus
of His Majesty's splendid collection. It contained especially
choice editions of the classics, and also many incunabula.

Mr. Smith continued to collect books after the king had made
his purchase, and these were eventually sold by auction in
1773. George III. also acquired a fine collection of pictures,
coins, and gems that had been brought together by Consul Smith.

SMITH, SIR THOMAS, KNIGHT, OF HILL HALL, ESSEX

_Arms._--Quarterly.

1st and 4th; sa., a fess dancetty arg., between 3 lioncels
rampant of the second, each supporting an altar or, flaming
ppr. _Smith._

2nd and 3rd; arg., on a bend sa., 3 crosses of the first, a
martlet for difference. _Charnock._

In the centre point a crescent for difference.

_Crest._--A Phœnix arg., issuing from flames ppr.

_Helmet._--That of an Esquire.

[_Short Introduction to Latin Grammar._ London, 1609.]

Thomas Smith (born 23rd December 1513, died 12th August 1577)
was the second son of John Smith of Saffron Walden, and Agnes
Charnock.

He was educated at Cambridge, where he attracted attention by
his ability and was given a special scholarship by Henry VIII.
In 1531 Smith was made a Fellow of his College, and shortly
afterwards University Orator. In 1544 he was made Regius
Professor of Civil Law. He was Provost of Eton and Dean of
Carlisle. Although in Orders, Smith presently came to Court and
became Clerk of the Privy Council, and in 1548 he was made one
of the Secretaries to the King, and shortly afterwards received
the honour of Knighthood. He went as Ambassador to the Emperor
Charles V., and with an Embassy to France in 1551.

On the accession of Queen Mary, Smith changed his crest, and
adopted that of a salamander living in the midst of flames,
alluding perhaps to the fact that he escaped free from the
dangers of the time, he being a strong Protestant. The Smith
crest before this had been an eagle holding a pen in his claw.
Queen Elizabeth in turn favoured Sir Thomas, and made him
Chancellor of the Order of the Garter, and soon afterwards
Secretary of State. Sir Thomas Smith had a large library of
books, which he bequeathed to one or other of the Colleges at
Cambridge, or among private friends. He wrote several works,
mostly political.

SMYTHE, THOMAS, VISCOUNT STRANGFORD

_Arms._--Quartered.

1. Az., a chevron engrailed between 3 lions passant or.
_Smythe._

2. Gu., a fess raguly between 3 boars' heads couped arg.
_Judd._

3. Az., 3 lions rampant within a bordure arg. _Chiche._

4. Arg., 2 chevrons az., a canton gu. _Dexter._

5. Arg., a cross voided gu. _Pilkington._

6. Arg., 5 chevrons sa. _Sutton._

7. Or, a chevron between 3 cinquefoils gu. _Chichele._

8. Arg., a cross voided sa. _Duckenfield._

9. Or, on a chevron sa., a mullet arg., a crescent for
difference. _Mirfin._

_Crest._--An ounce's head erased arg., collared and chained sa.

_Note._--Used before 1628.

[MOULIN. _Anatomie of Melancholy._ London, 1620.]

Thomas Smythe (born c. 1599, died 30th June 1635) was the son
of Sir John Smythe of Ostenhanger and Ashford, High Sheriff of
Kent in 1600. Thomas Smythe inherited a considerable fortune
from his father, who was a son of Thomas Smythe, Farmer of
the Customs to Queen Elizabeth, his mother being Alice Judd,
daughter of Sir Andrew Judd, Lord Mayor of London and founder
of Tunbridge School. In 1625, at the coronation of Charles
I., Thomas Smythe was made a Knight Commander of the Order of
the Bath, and three years later he was created Viscount of
Strangford.

SOMERS, JOHN, BARON SOMERS

_Arms._--Quarterly.

1st and 4th; vert, a fess dancetty erm. _Somers._

2nd and 3rd; quarterly, vert and gu., a fess dancetty erm.,
in chief a lion passant between 2 hawks arg. _Somers of
Worcestershire._

_Coronet._--That of a Baron.

_Supporters._--2 lions erm., each charged on the neck with a fess dancetty vert.

_Motto._--PRODESSE QUAM CONSPICI.

[_Common Prayer._ Oxford, 1700.]

_Variety._--Used between 1688 and 1697.

_Arms._--Vert, a fess dancetty erm.

_Crest._--A coat of mail hanging on a laurel tree ppr.

_Helmet._--That of a Knight.

[ECHARD. _Roman History._ London, 1695.]

John Somers (born 4th March 1650, died 26th April 1716) was
son of John Somers of Clifton-on-Severn. He was educated at
Worcester and Oxford, and became a Bencher of the Middle Temple
in 1689.

Mr. Somers became Solicitor-General in 1688, when he received
the honour of Knighthood, and he represented Worcester in
Parliament. Sir John was sworn of the Privy Council in 1693,
and shortly afterwards was made Lord Keeper of the Great
Seal, Speaker of the House of Lords, and Lord Chancellor. In
1697 he was created Baron Somers of Evesham. Lord Somers was
President of the Royal Society. In 1701 he was impeached in the
Commons for various supposed misdemeanours, but the charge was
dismissed.

The Barony of Somers became extinct at John Somers' death in
1716, but it was revived in 1784 in the person of Charles Cocks
of Castleditch, M.P. for Reigate, who was a descendant of a
sister of the first Lord.

SPENCER, CHARLES, THIRD EARL OF SUNDERLAND

_Arms._--Quarterly; arg. and gu., on the second and third quarters a fret or, over all on a bend sa., 3 escallops of the first. _Spencer._

_Motto._--DIEV DEFENDE LE DROICT.

_Note._--Used before 1702.

[CAMDEN. _Britain._ London, 1637.]

_Crest._--Out of a ducal coronet or, a griffin's head arg., gorged gu., between 2 wings expanded of the second. _Spencer._

Charles Spencer (born c. 1674, died 19th April 1722) was the
son of Robert Spencer, second Earl of Sunderland, and succeeded
his father in 1702. He was from an early age a great lover and
collector of books, which he kept at Althorp.

In 1695 he was Member of Parliament for Tiverton; in 1706 he
was a Secretary of State for the Southern Department, and
became of much political importance as a Whig leader. He was
appointed Lord Lieutenant of Ireland in 1714.

In 1715 Lord Sunderland was made Lord Privy Seal, and shortly
afterwards Vice-Treasurer of Ireland. He also held the posts of
Groom of the Stole and Gentleman of the Bedchamber to George I.

Lord Sunderland was a great book collector, and a rival in
this respect to most of his contemporaries. He was a great
gambler, and his library was at one time pledged to the Duke
of Marlborough, and in 1749 it was removed to Blenheim. The
library was sold in 1881, and the books belonging to it were
widely dispersed.

Lord Sunderland's son Charles, who in 1729 became fifth
earl, on the demise of his aunt Henrietta, by special Act
of Parliament Duchess of Marlborough, in 1733 succeeded to
the Dukedom of the celebrated John Churchill. The Earldom of
Sunderland from that time has been merged in the Dukedom of
Marlborough.

SPENCER, GEORGE JOHN, SECOND EARL SPENCER

_Arms._--Impaled.

Dexter: Quarterly, arg. and gu., on the 2nd and 3rd quarters a
fret or, over all on a bend sa., 3 escallops of the first.
_Spencer._

Sinister: Quarterly.

1st and 4th; az., a bend cotised between 6 crosses pattée or.
_Bingham._

2nd and 3rd; erm., a lion rampant ducally crowned or. _Smith._

_Crest._--Out of a ducal coronet or, a griffin's head arg., gorged with a bar gemelle gu., between 2 wings expanded of the second.

_Coronet._--That of an Earl.

_Supporters._--Dexter: A griffin, per fess erm. and erminois, gorged with a collar sa., the edges flory counterflory chained of the last (on the collar 3 escallops arg.).

Sinister: A wyvern erect on his tail erm., collared and chained
as the griffin.

_Motto._--DIEU DEFEND LE DROIT.

[CICERO. _Tusculanae Disputationes._ Romae, 1469.]

George John Spencer (born 1st September 1758, died 10th
November 1834) was the son of John Spencer, Earl Spencer. In
1783 he succeeded his father in the family honours. He was
educated at Harrow and Cambridge. In 1780 George Spencer was
Member of Parliament for Northampton, and shortly afterwards
became a Commissioner of the Treasury Board. He was also Lord
Privy Seal and First Lord of the Admiralty. In 1806 he was made
Secretary of State for the Home Department.

In 1781 Lord Spencer married Lavinia Bingham, daughter of
Charles, Earl of Lucan, and in 1797 he was made a Knight of the
Garter. Lord Spencer made a magnificent collection of books
at Althorp Park, Northampton, and acquired several already
celebrated libraries, particularly those of Count Reviczky and
the Duke of Cassano-Serra. Several of Lord Spencer's books were
bound for him by Charles Kalthoeber, a celebrated binder who
worked also for George III., and closely imitated the work of
Roger Payne, whose own work is also excellently represented in
the library.

In 1892 the Althorp Library was purchased by Mrs. Rylands of
Longford Hall, Manchester, and subsequently presented by her
to the city of Manchester in memory of her husband, Mr. John
Rylands.

STANLEY, THOMAS

_Crest._--An eagle's head couped arg., charged with 3 pellets, one and two, holding in his beak an eagle's leg erased a la cuise, gu. _Stanley._

[FIORAVANTI. _Della Fisica._ Venetiis, 1582.]

Thomas Stanley (born circ. 1625, died circ. 1678) was the
son of Sir Thomas Stanley of Cumberlow, Hertfordshire. He
was educated at Cambridge, and occupied himself in literary
pursuits from an early age.

Mr. Stanley wrote a number of poetical works, and also made
several translations from Greek and Latin authors. In 1655 he
published a _History of Philosophy_ which during his lifetime
enjoyed a great reputation. His edition of _Æschylus_ was also
very successful. Several of his manuscripts are now kept in the
University Library at Cambridge.

STUART, CHARLES, BARON STUART DE ROTHESAY

_Arms._--Or, a fess chequy az. and arg., within a double tressure flory counterflory gu. _Stuart._

_Crest._--A demi lion rampant gu., and over it the motto NOBILIS (est) IRA (leonis).

_Motto._--AVITO VIRET HONORE. Used before 1812.

[SEVERIM. _Noticias de Portugal._ Lisboa, 1740.]

_Variety._

_Arms._--Or, a fess chequy az. and arg., within a double tressure flory counterflory gu. A mullet for difference. _Stuart._

Within the collar of a Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath, having the badge of the order dependent therefrom. Used after 1812.

[PEREZ DEL PULGAR. _Coronica llamada Las dos
Conquistas del Regno de Napoles._ Cargoça, 1559.]

Charles Stuart (born 2nd January 1779, died 6th November
1845) was the son of General Sir Charles Stuart, K.C.B., son
of the Earl of Bute. Mr. Stuart had an important diplomatic
career, and filled several high posts. He was Chargé d'affaires
at Madrid, Envoy to Portugal, Minister at the Hague, and
Ambassador to Paris.

In 1812 he was made a Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the
Bath, and in 1828 he was created Baron Stuart de Rothesay, a
high honour, as the Barony of Rothesay is one of the hereditary
honours of the Prince of Wales. Lord Stuart was afterwards
Ambassador to St. Petersburg. He brought over from France the
beautiful castle of Highcliffe, Hants, where the German Emperor
recently stayed. He left no male heir, so his peerage became
extinct at his death.

SUTTON, THOMAS

_Arms._--On a chevron between 3 annulets gu., as many crescents of the field. _Sutton._

_Crest._--A greyhound's head couped erm., collared gu., garnished and ringed or, on the collar an annulet of the first.

_Helmet._--That of an Esquire.

_Legend._--THOS · SUTTON · ARM · FUNDATOR.

_Note._--The word FUNDATOR applies to Charterhouse School.

[CÆSAR. _C. Julii Cæsaris quæ extant._ Lugduni
Batavorum, 1635.]

Thomas Sutton (born circ. 1532, died 12th December 1611) was
the son of Richard Sutton, Steward of the Courts of Lincoln. He
is said to have been educated at Eton, and afterwards studied
law at Lincoln's Inn. In early life Sutton was a soldier and
saw active service, and in 1569 he was appointed Master of the
Ordnance in the North.

While in the north Sutton acquired considerable possessions
in land, and from these he drew a large fortune. One of the
ships fitted out to resist the Spanish Armada was called the
"Sutton." Sutton was very generous with his money, and in 1611
he purchased Charterhouse in Middlesex, where he founded the
famous school of that name. The foundation of this school was
originally intended for the benefit of forty boys of good birth
and necessitous parents, but in time it came about that to be
a foundation scholar, or gown boy, was a mark of distinction.
Thackeray was a Charterhouse boy and was familiar with the
surroundings there. Besides the school, there was a foundation
or hospital at Charterhouse for "poverty-stricken gentlemen."
The school was moved to Godalming in 1872, but the "hospital"
still remains in Charterhouse Square. Sutton's tomb is in the
Chapel at the Charterhouse.

SYDNEY, ROBERT, EARL OF LEICESTER

_Arms._--Quartered.

1. Arg., a pheon az. _Sydney._

2. Barry of 10, arg. and gu., a lion rampant ducally crowned
or. _Brandon._

3. Or, a lion rampant az. _Brabant._

4. Or, 2 lions passant az. _Dudley._

5. Barry of 6, arg. and az., in chief a label of the first.
_Grey._

6. Arg., a maunch sa. _Hastings._

7. Az., a wolf's head erased arg. _Lupus._

8. Barry of 10, arg. and az., an orle of ten martlets gu.
_Valence, Earl of Pembroke._

9. A lion rampant.?

10. Gu., 7 mascles conjoined or, three, three, and one.
_Ferrers of Groby._

11. Az., a lion rampant arg., within a bordure engrailed or.
_Tyrrell._

12. Gu., a fess between 6 crosses crosslet or. _Beauchamp._

13. Chequy, or and az., a chevron erm. _Warwick._

14. Gu., a lion statant arg., crowned or. _Lyle._

15. Arg., a chevron sa. _Trelawney._

16. Arg., a fess dancetty gu. _Dene._

On an escutcheon of pretence, being the arms of Barbara Gamage.

Quarterly.

1. Arg., a bend lozengy gu., on a chief az., 3 escallops arg.
_Gamage._

2. Vairy, arg. and gu. _Nowers._

3. Chequy, or and arg., a fess erm. _Calthrop._

4. Arg., 3 chevrons gu. _Langton._

[_Polydori Vergilii historiae_, libri vigintiseptem. Basileae,
1570.]

Robert Sydney (born November 1563, died 13th July 1626) was
the son of Sir Henry Sydney, K.G. He was educated at Oxford,
and in 1584 became Member of Parliament for Glamorganshire,
and afterwards for Kent. In 1586 he was knighted by the Earl
of Leicester, and in 1603 he was created Baron Sydney of
Penshurst, and two years afterwards Viscount L'Isle.

Lord L'Isle was made a Knight of the Garter in 1616, and in
1618 he was created Earl of Leicester. In 1584 he married
Barbara Gamage of Coity, daughter of John Gamage. She died in
1621, and Lord Leicester married for his second wife Sarah,
daughter of William Blount.

SYKES, SIR MARK MASTERMAN, BARONET

_Arms._--Quarterly.

1st and 4th; arg., a chevron sa., between 3 sykes, or
fountains, ppr. _Sykes._

2nd and 3rd; gu., an estoile between 3 fleurs-de-lys arg.
_Masterman._

In the centre point the Ulster hand, gu. Above the shield are the letters M[ark] M[asterman] S[ykes].

_Note._--Used after 1795.

[VALERIUS MAXIMUS. _Facta et Dicta Memorabilia_,
Mainz, 1471.]