Chapter IX: Introduction (4)

Joists, 3" × 10"; 2½ ft. B. M., per lin. ft.:
2 pieces, each 8' 9", order 10' 20
2 pieces, each 6', cut out of 12' 12
5 pieces, each 9' 9", order 10' 50
11 pieces, each 19' 6", order 20' 220
---
Total 302 755

FLOOR FRAMING, FRONT PORCH
_Quantities_
LINEAR FEET
FEET B. M.
Joists, 3" × 9"; 2¼ ft. B. M., per lin. ft.:
3 pieces, each 7', cut out of 14' 21
1 piece, 6' 9", cut out of 14' 7
2 pieces, each 10', order 10' 20
1 piece, 8' 6", order 10' 10
--
Total 58 131

Joists, 2" × 6"; 1 ft. B. M., per lin. ft.:
2 pieces, each 21' 6", order 22' 44
2 pieces, each 19' 3", order 20' 40
4 pieces, each 8', cut out of 16' 32
1 piece, 10' 3", order 12' 12
6 pieces, each 9', order 10' 60
2 pieces, each 4' 6", cut out of 10' 10
5 pieces, each 6', cut out of 12' 30
3 pieces, each 2', cut out of 12' 6
4 pieces, each 5', cut out of 10' 20
3 pieces, each 9', order 10' 30
---
Total 284 284

FLOOR FRAMING, BACK PORCHES
_Quantities_
LINEAR FEET
FEET B. M.
Joists, 2" × 6"; 1 ft. B. M., per lin. ft.:
2 pieces, each 21', order 22' 44
3 pieces, each 8', order 8' 24
--
Total 68 68

Joists, 3" X 6"; 1½ ft. B. M., per lin. ft.:
[10] 5 pieces, each 5' 9", cut out of 12' 36
12 pieces, each 6' 9", cut out of 14' 84
1 piece, 8' 6", order 10' 10
2 pieces, each 3' 6", cut out of 8' 8
--- ---
Total 138 207

BRIDGING
_Quantities_
LINEAR FEET
FEET B. M.
2" × 4"; ⅔ ft. B. M., per lin. ft.:
First floor, 170 pieces, each 1' 6" 255
Second floor, 138 pieces, each 1' 6" 207
Third floor, 138 pieces, each 1' 6" 207
---
Total 669 446

[10] One joist will be left over here, but this cannot easily be helped.

MAIN-ROOF FRAMING[11]
_Quantities_
LINEAR FEET
FEET B. M.
Rafters, 2" × 6"; 1 ft. B. M., per lin. ft.:
15 pieces, each 20', order 20' 300
14 pieces, each 19' 3", order 20' 280
1 piece, 18', order 18' 18
2 pieces, each 16', order 16' 32
2 pieces, each 14', order 14' 28
1 piece, 13' 4", order 14' 14
3 pieces, each 10' 6", order 12' 36
3 pieces, each 8' 6", order 10' 30
1 piece, 6' 9", order 8' 8
3 pieces, each 5', cut out of 16' 16
3 pieces, each 3', cut out of 10' 10
4 pieces, each 17', order 18' 72
1 piece, 12' 6", order 14' 14
1 piece, 10' 9", order 12' 12
2 pieces, each 9', order 10' 20
1 piece, 7', order 8' 8
18 pieces, each 9' 6", order 10' 180
2 pieces, each 13', order 14' 28
2 pieces, each 7' 9", cut out of 16' 16
2 pieces, each 6' 6", cut out of 14' 14
4 pieces, each 3' 6", cut out of 14' 14
4 pieces, each 8', cut out of 16' 32
2 pieces, each 11', order 12' 24
8 pieces, each 5' 3", cut out of 12' 48
1 piece, 6', cut out of 10' 6
2 pieces, each 2', cut out of 10' 4
8 pieces, each 11', order 12' 96
-----
Total 1,360 1,360

Valley rafter, 3" × 10"; 2 ft. B. M., per lin. ft.:
1 piece, 24' 6", order 26' 65
Ridge plates, 2" × 10"; 1⅔ ft. B. M., per lin. ft.:
1 piece, 23' 6", order 24' 24
1 piece, 29' 3", 16' and 14', butted and cleated 30
1 piece, 9', order 10' 10
--
Total 64 107

Plates, 3" × 6"; 1½ ft. B. M., per lin. ft.:
4 pieces, each 10' 6", order 12' 72
Octagonal post, 6" × 6" × 3' 9

PORCH-ROOF FRAMING
_Quantities_
LINEAR FEET
FEET B. M.
Rafters, 2" × 6"; 1 ft. B. M., per lin. ft.:
2 pieces, each 9' 6", order 10' 20
22 pieces, each 8' 6", order 10' 220
4 pieces, each 6' 6", cut out of 14' 28
8 pieces, each 7', cut out of 14' 56
2 pieces, each 11', order 12' 24
---
Total 348 348

Rafters, 2" × 5"; ⅚ ft. B. M., per lin. ft.:
27 pieces, each 8', cut out of 16' 216
2 pieces, each 3' 6", cut out of 16' 8
8 pieces, each 6' 6", cut out of 14' 56
2 pieces, each 10' 6", cut out of 14' 21
2 pieces each, 3', cut out of 14' 6
---
Total 307 256

Plate, 5" × 10"; 4⅙ ft. B. M., per lin. ft.:
5 pieces, each 15', order 16' 80 333

Sills, 3" × 5"; 1¼ ft. B. M., per lin. ft.:
2 pieces, each 10', order 10' 20
5 pieces, each 9', order 10' 50
--
Total 70 88

[11] In the attic plan, which shows the lines of the roof, the lines of the dormers are omitted so as to make the important hips and valleys more prominent.

WALL STUDDING
_Quantities_
LINEAR FEET
FEET B. M.
Wall plates, 4" × 11"; 3⅔ ft. B. M.,
per lin. ft.:
10 pieces, each 18', order 18' 180 660

Studs, 2" × 5"; ⁵/₆ ft. B. M., per lin. ft.:
[12]63 pieces, each 21', order 22' 1,386
106 pieces, each 12', order 12' 1,272
20 pieces, each 20', order 20' 400
10 pieces, each 8' 6", order 10' 100
-----
Total 3,158 2,632

PARTITION STUDDING
_Quantities_
LINEAR FEET
FEET B. M.
First floor, 2" × 4"; ⅔ ft. B. M., per lin. ft.:
Studs, 160 pieces, each 9' 9", order 10' 1,600
Sills, 16 pieces, each 15', order 16' 256
-----
Total 1,856 1,237

Second floor, 2" × 4"; ⅔ ft. B. M., per
lin. ft.:
Studs, 180 pieces, each 9' 9", order 10' 1,800
Sills, 10 pieces, each 15', order 16' 160
-----
Total 1,960 1,307

Attic, 2" × 4"; ⅔ ft. B. M., per lin. ft.:
Studs, 54 pieces, each 8' 9", order 10' 540
Studs, 133 pieces, each 6' 6", cut from 14' 938
-----
Total 1,478 985

MISCELLANEOUS
_Quantities_
LINEAR FEET
FEET B. M.
Lookouts:
50 pieces, each 3" × 1" × 2', cut from 8' 25
37 pieces, each 6" × 1" × 2', cut from 8' 37
Furring, for brick walls, 1" × 2"; ⅙ ft. B.
M., per lin. ft.:
125 pieces, each 11', order 12' 1,500 250
----- ------
Grand total of framing 18,578

[12] Where studs over 20 feet are required, it is sometimes more economical to use two short studs, inserting a plate over the first-story studs and resting the feet of the second-story studs thereon.

_Cost_

The price of the framing is based on the following cost of 1,000 feet board measure of hemlock, which includes framing.

1,000 ft. of hemlock $28.00
Nails and spikes, allowing 100 lb. to 3,000 ft.
of lumber, at $2 per 100 pounds .67
[13] Cost of framing, per 1,000 feet of lumber 12.00
------
Cost per thousand feet B. M. $40.67

[13] This value would appear high if compared with Table VI, _Estimating and Calculating Quantities_, Part 1, but this table represents ideal conditions, where there are no delays, mistakes, legitimate office expenses, nor foreman's time included.

_Summary_

The amount of material, as previously estimated, is 18,578 ft. B. M., which, at $40.67 per M, will make the total cost of framing $755.57.

SHEATHING
_Quantities_
FEET
B. M.
Main roof, 2,200 sq. ft. × 1 in 2,200
Tower roof, 370 sq. ft. × 1 in 370
Porch roof, 637 sq. ft. × 1 in 637
Outside walls, laid diagonally, 2,417 sq. ft.
+ 10 per cent. 2,659
-----
Total sheathing 5,866

SHINGLES
_Quantities_
Area to be covered (see wall sheathing),
2,417 sq. ft.= 24.2 squares
Shingles, 4 in. wide, and 5 in. exposure,
number per square 720
Number of shingles required, 24.2 × 720 17,424
Add 5 per cent. for waste 871
------
Total shingles 18,295

_Cost_

The cost of sheathing in place is assumed to be the same as that for hemlock lumber, $40.67 per M. The total sheathing is 5,866 square feet, which, at $40.67 per M, will make the cost of sheathing $238.57.

The cost of shingles is based on the following analysis of the cost of 1,000 shingles in place:

1,000 shingles XXXX $ 5.50
[14] Labor: one man can lay about 700 shingles per day;
wages being $3.20, 1,000 will cost 4.57
Nails (about) .25
-----
Cost per thousand $10.32

[14] Usually a man can lay more than 700 shingles per day, but the roof under consideration is very much cut up.

From the preceding estimate, the number of shingles required is 18,295, which, at $10.32 per 1,000, will make the cost of shingles in place $188.80.

_Summary_
Sheathing $238.57
Shingles 188.80
-------
Total cost of sheathing and shingles $427.37

FLOORING
_Quantities_
SQUARE
FEET
First floor, area (net) 1,312
Second floor, area (net) 1,312
Attic floor, area (net) 1,071
Porch floors, area (net) 523

HEMLOCK UNDERFLOORING

Unmatched underflooring is used under the first and second floor. Its quantity is 1,312 × 2 = 2,624 feet B. M.

RIFT-SAWED YELLOW-PINE FINISH FLOORING

The total area of the first, second, and third floors is 3,695 square feet. Adding 25 per cent. for waste, the quantity of ⅞-inch flooring is 3,695 square feet + (3,695 × .25) = 4,619 feet B. M.

YELLOW-PINE PORCH FLOORING

Increasing the net area of the porch floor by 25 per cent., the flooring required is 523 square feet + (523 × .25) = 654 feet B. M.

_Cost_

The estimated cost of flooring may be analyzed as follows:

_Cost of 1,000 Feet B. M., Rough Flooring_
[15] 1,000 ft. B. M., hemlock $27.00
Labor 10.00
Nails, 33 lb., at $2 per 100 pounds .67
-----
Cost per thousand feet B. M. $37.67

_Cost of 1,000 Feet B. M., Finish Flooring_
1,000 ft. B. M., rift-sawed yellow pine $55.00
Labor, including striking joints 16.00
Nails .67
-----
Cost per thousand feet B. M. $71.67

_Cost of 1,000 Feet B. M., Porch Flooring_
1,000 ft. B. M., No. 1 yellow pine $45.00
Labor 16.00
White lead for joints (about) .50
Nails .67
------
Cost per thousand feet B. M. $62.17

[15] The cost of this hemlock is $1 cheaper per thousand than that used in the framing, since shorter lengths may be employed.

_Summary_
Hemlock, 2,624 ft. B. M., at $37.67 per M $98.85
Rift-sawed yellow pine, 4,619 ft. B. M.,
at $71.67 per M 331.04
Yellow pine, 654 ft. B. M., at $62.17 per M 40.66
------
Total cost of flooring $470.55

PORCH CEILING, YELLOW PINE
_Quantities_
FEET
B. M.
Porch ceiling, same as porch flooring 654

_Cost_

The cost of yellow-pine ceiling is $45 per thousand feet B. M. Since there is no white lead to be used and the joints are not struck, $11 will pay for laying it. The nails will cost 67 cents, which will bring the cost per thousand feet B. M., up to $56.67. Therefore, 654 feet B. M., yellow-pine ceiling, at $56.67 per thousand, will cost $37.06.

CORNICE, SPANDRELS, ETC.,
WHITE-PINE DRESSED LUMBER
_Cost_
Cornice, 393 lin. ft., at 50 cents per foot $196.50
Spandrels, 357 lin. ft., at 12 cents per foot 42.84
Base, 128 lin. ft., at 6 cents per foot 7.68
16 porch posts, 8" × 8" × 9' at $4 each 64.00
-------
Total $311.02

_Summary_
Yellow-pine ceiling $ 37.06
White-pine dressed lumber 311.02
-------
Total $348.08

_Recapitulation of Cost of Carpentry_
Framing $755.57
Sheathing and shingles 427.37
Flooring 470.55
Porch ceiling, cornice, etc. 348.08
---------
Total cost of carpentry $2,001.57

ROOFING

=6.= Roof framing and sheathing are included in the estimate for carpentry. Following are given the estimates for slating and miscellaneous roof items:

SLATING
_Quantities_
SQUARES
Main and dormer roofs 22.0
Porch roof 6.4
Tower roof 3.7
----
32.1

_Cost_

The price of slating per square is given in Table XII, _Estimating and Calculating Quantities_, Part 1. Bangor slating costs $8 per square. On account of the curved tower and the number of hips and valleys, and because the measurement just given is actual measurement, the price will be put at $10 per square. Thus, the cost of 32.1 squares at $10 will be $321.

MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS[16]
_Quantities and Cost_

Tin roof on bay window, 38 sq. ft. at 20 cents
per square foot $ 7.60
Tin for valleys, 191 sq. ft., at 18 cents
per square foot 34.38
Flashing around chimneys and dormers, 90 sq. ft.,
at 10 cents per square foot 9.00
Gutters, 100 lin. ft., 26 in. wide, at 28 cents per foot 28.00
Conductor pipe, 4-inch galvanized iron, 146 lin. ft.,
at 20 cents per linear foot 29.20
Terra-cotta ridge tiles, 70 lin. ft., at $1
per linear foot 70.00
3 terra-cotta finials, 2 ft. high, at $8 each 24.00
Tower finial, copper 30.00
-------
Total $232.18

_Recapitulation of Cost of Roofing_
Slating $321.00
Miscellaneous 232.18
-------
Total cost of roofing $553.18

[16] The prices given include the cost of labor.

LATHING AND PLASTERING

=7.= Plastering varies in price according to its position and quality. It is therefore necessary to make a separate schedule of each class of work, so that any increase or decrease in quantity may be easily added to or deducted from the estimate.

THREE-COAT WORK
_Quantities_
SQUARE SQUARE
FEET YARDS
First-story walls, 542' × 9' 9⅜" 5,284.5
First-story ceiling (take measurement
of flooring) 1,312.0
Second-story walls, 609' × 9' 5,481.0
Second-story ceiling 1,312.0
Attic walls, 190' × 8' + 156' × 6' 2,456.0
Attic ceiling 831.0
--------
Total of three-coat plastering 16,676.5 1,853

TWO-COAT WORK
SQUARE SQUARE
_Quantities_ FEET YARDS
Cellar ceiling, use same measurements as
for concrete cellar floor 139.9

CORNICES
_Quantities_
LINEAR
FEET

Cornice, 147' of 2' girth 147
Cornice, 493' of 1' girth 493

_Cost_

The cost of three-coat plastering is given in _Estimating and Calculating Quantities_, Part 1, as 31 cents per square yard, and two-coat work, as 23 cents per square yard. According to the same section, lathing costs 12 cents per square yard. Therefore, lathing and plastering for three-coat work cost 43 cents per square yard, and for two-coat work, 35 cents per square yard.

The assumed cost of plain, run stucco cornice per linear foot of 2-foot girth is 31½ cents, and the cost per linear foot of that having a 1-foot girth is 27 cents.

_Summary_

From the preceding estimates of quantities and costs, the following figures are obtained:

1,853 sq. yd. of three-coat work, at 43 cents
per square yard $ 796.79
139.9 sq. yd. of two-coat work, at 35 cents
per square yard 48.97
147 ft. of cornice at 31½ cents 46.31
493 ft. of cornice at 27 cents 133.11
---------
Total cost of plastering $1,025.18

JOINERY

=8.= As there are so many different sizes in the joinery work, no attempt has been made to make detailed estimates of the cost of each; but the general method of obtaining the costs is that given in the articles on Joinery, in _Estimating and Calculating Quantities_, Part 1. Since the quality of the work varies in different parts of the building it will be found that one unit price will not be sufficient, but experience is needed to fix the unit price for different classes of work.

DOOR FRAMES, FIRST FLOOR
_Quantities and Cost_
Chestnut frames—jambs 1⅛" rabbeted; casing ⅞" × 5½",
with ¼-inch edge mold; back-band molding ⅞" × 2";
plinth and corner blocks:
1 frame, 3' 2" × 7' 9" × 6" (vestibule) $ 4.16
1 frame, 3' 2" × 7' 9" × 9" (3-inch jamb), front door 4.68
1 frame, 5' 6" × 7' 9" × 14" (sliding-door) 13.60
1 frame, 4' × 7' 9" × 14" (sliding-door) 9.35
1 frame, 3' × 7' 9" × 14" (sliding-door) 6.80
2 frames, 2' 8" × 7' 9" × 6", $4.16 each 8.32
2 frames, 22" × 7' 9" × 4", $2.21 each 4.42

White pine—jambs 6" × 1⅛" rabbeted; casings
⅞" × 5"; back-band molding 2" × ⅞";
plinth and corner blocks:
4 frames, 2' 8" × 7' 9", $3.70 each 14.80
2 frames, 2' 6" × 7' 9", $3.61 each 7.22
1 frame, 2' 10" × 7' 9" 3.78
------
Total $77.13

DOOR FRAMES, SECOND FLOOR
_Quantities and Cost_
White pine, similar to first floor:
8 frames, 2' 8" × 7' 6", $3.57 each $28.56
6 frames, 2' 6" × 7' 6", $3.50 each 21.00
1 frame, 2' 2" × 7' 6" 3.19
1 frame, 2' 4" × 7' 6" 3.40
1 frame, 2' 6" × 7' 3.19
------
Total $59.34

DOOR FRAMES, ATTIC
_Quantities and Cost_
White pine, similar to second-floor doors:
6 frames, 2' 8" × 6' 8" at $3.19 $19.14
1 frame, 2' 6" × 6' 6" 3.06
------
Total $22.20

_Summary_
First floor $ 77.13
Second floor 59.34
Attic 22.20
-------
Total cost of door frames $158.67

DOORS, FIRST STORY[17]
_Quantities and Cost_

Veneered chestnut, six and seven raised panels,
planted moldings:
1 pair sliding, 2' 9" × 7' 9" × 2" $ 15.90
1 single sliding, 4' × 7' 9" × 2" 11.34
1 single sliding, 3' × 7' 9" × 2" 8.97
1 lavatory, 2' 4" × 6' × 1¾" (frame included in
paneling) 4.93
2 closet doors, 22" × 7' 9" × 1¾", solid molded,
including glass in upper panel, at $5 each 10.00
1 front door, 3' 2" × 7' 9" × 2¼", three-panel,
glass in top panel, price, including glass 12.75
1 vestibule door, 3' 2" × 7' 9" × 2¼", three-panel,
glass in top panel, price, including glass 12.75
Veneered chestnut and pine doors:
1 in butler's pantry, 2' 8" × 7' 9" × 2" 7.50
1 in butler's pantry, 2' 8" × 7' 9" × 1¾" 6.71
White-pine doors, raised panels:
2 glass doors, 2' 4" × 5' × 1¼", one-panel, at $3
(china closet, no frames) 6.00
4 doors, 2' 8" × 7' 9" × 1¾", five-panel,
solid moldings, at $4.13 each 16.52
2 doors, 2' 6" × 7' 9" × 1¾", five-panel,
solid moldings, at $3.91 each 7.82
1 door, 2' 10" × 7' 9" × 2", five-panel, solid molded 6.59
2 outside cellar doors, at $2 each 4.00
-------
Total $131.78

DOORS, SECOND FLOOR
_Quantities and Cost_

1½-inch white pine, five-panel, solid molded, raised panels:
8 doors, 2' 8" × 7' 6", at $4 $32.00
6 doors, 2' 6" × 7' 6", at $3.75 22.50
1 door, 2' 6" × 3' 6" 1.75
1 door, 2' 2" × 7' 6" 3.20
1 door, 2' 4" × 7' 6" 3.40
2 wardrobe doors, 2' 2" × 6' × 1¼", including glass
panels, at $2 each 4.00
------
Total $66.85

DOORS, ATTIC
_Quantities and Cost_
White pine, similar to second floor:
[18]1 stuck-molded door, 2' 6" × 6' 6", glass panel $ 4.70
6 doors, 2' 8" × 6' 8", at $3.60 21.60
-------
Total $ 26.30

_Summary_
First story $131.78
Second story 66.85
Attic 26.30
-------
Total cost of doors $224.93

[17] The prices of doors do not include hardware, which item will be found in the hardware bill, but they include putting on the hardware.

[18] This door opens to the balcony.

WINDOW FRAMES, CELLAR
_Quantities and Cost_

No. 2 white pine, 1½" × 7" rabbeted jambs and head,
and 2" × 7" sill. Complete, set in place:
1 window, 3 lights, 13" × 10" $ 1.16
2 windows, 1 light, 16" × 10", at 48 cents each .96
4 windows, 2 lights, 14" × 10", at 83 cents each 3.32
3 windows, 2 lights, 11" × 10", at 66 cents each 1.98
2 windows, 2 lights, 13" × 10", at 78 cents each 1.56
1 window, 3 lights, 11" × 10" .99
------
Total $ 9.97

WINDOW FRAMES, FIRST STORY
_Quantities and Cost_

Box frames, pulley stiles and hanging stiles 1⅛", sills
2", and outer casing ⅞", all of No. 2 white pine.
Inside casing chestnut, with molded back band
5½" × ⅞", stool 4" × 1⅛", apron 5" × ⅞", sash stop
½" × 1½".

Frames in brickwork. Complete, set in place:
1 window, 2 lights, 40" × 32" $ 7.80
2 windows, 2 lights, 18" × 32", at $3.16 each 6.32
1 window, 2 lights, 24" × 32" 4.18
1 window, 2 lights, 34" × 32" 5.88
2 windows, 2 lights, 36" × 32", curved, at $12.24 24.48
1 window, 2 lights, 30" × 32" 5.10
1 window, 2 lights, 22" × 24" 2.80
1 window, 4 lights, 31" × 32" (double) 10.55
2 windows, 6 lights, 15" × 28" (casement), at $6.70 13.40
------
Total $80.51

Pulley stiles 1⅛", sill 2", sub-sills 1⅛", outside
casings ⅞", inside casing with molded back band
5½" × ⅞", stool 4" × 1⅛", apron 5" × ⅞", sash stop
½" × 1½", all of white pine.

Frames in wooden walls. Complete, set in place:
1 window, single light, 14" × 28" $ 1.04
3 windows, 2 lights, 26" × 32", at $4.42 each 13.26
1 window, 2 lights, 22" × 32" 3.74
------
Total $18.04

WINDOW FRAMES, SECOND STORY
_Quantities and Cost_
1 window, single light, 14" × 28" $ 1.04
2 windows, 2 lights, 44" × 28", at $6.54 each 13.08
2 windows, 2 lights, 23" × 28", at $3.40 each 6.80
3 windows, 2 lights, 28" × 28", at $4.18 each 12.54
2 windows, 2 lights, 36" × 28" (curved), at $10.72 each 21.44
3 windows, 2 lights, 26" × 28", at $3.90 each 11.70
1 window, 2 lights, 20" × 28" 2.98
4 windows, 2 lights, 30" × 38", at $6.07 each 24.28
------
Total $93.86

WINDOW FRAMES, ATTIC
_Quantities and Cost_
2 windows, 2 lights, 18" × 18", at $1.69 each $ 3.38
1 window (circular), 24" diameter 2.27
2 double windows, 4 lights, 22" × 24" (curved),
at $11.22 each 22.44
1 double window, 4 lights, 21" × 24" 5.35
1 double window, 4 lights, 28" × 20" 5.96
1 double window, 4 lights, 24" × 20" 5.10
1 window, 2 lights, 28" × 20" 2.98
1 window, 2 lights, 30" × 28" 4.46
------
Total $51.94

_Summary_
Cellar $ 9.97
First story in brick walls 80.51
First story in frame 18.04
Second story 93.86
Attic 51.94
-------
Total cost of window frames $254.32

WINDOW SASH, CELLAR
_Quantities and Cost_
1½-inch white pine, glazed (double American),
price not including hardware:
1 sash, 3 lights, 13" × 10" $ 1.14
2 sashes, single light, 16" × 10", at 47 cents each .94
4 sashes, 2 lights, 14" × 10", at 82 cents each 3.28
3 sashes, 2 lights, 11" × 10", at 64 cents each 1.92
2 sashes, 2 lights, 13" × 10", at 76 cents each 1.52
1 sash, 3 lights, 11" × 10" .96
------
Total $ 9.76

WINDOW SASH, FIRST STORY
_Quantities and Cost_
Chestnut, 1¾ inch, prices including glazing (double American),
hanging sash, and putting on stops:
1 pair, single light, 40" × 32" $ 7.47
2 pair, single light, 18" × 32", at $3.36 per pair 6.72
1 pair, single light, 24" × 32" 4.48
1 pair, single light, 34" × 32" 6.35
2 pair, single light, 36" × 32" (curved),
at $20.16 per pair 40.32
2 pair, single light, 31" × 32", at $5.79 per pair 11.58
1 pair, single light, 30" × 32" 5.60
1 pair, single light, 22" × 24" 3.08
2 pair, 3 lights, 15" × 28" (casement), at $7.35 per pair 4.70

Pine:
1 sash, single light, 14" × 28" 1.14
3 pair, single light, 26" × 32", at $4.85 per pair 14.55
1 pair, single light, 22" × 32" 4.11
-------
Total $120.10

WINDOW SASH, SECOND STORY
_Quantities and Cost_
Pine:
1 sash, single light, 14" × 28" $ 1.14
2 pair, single light, 44" × 28", at $7.19 per pair 14.38
2 pair, single light, 23" × 28", at $3.76 per pair 7.52
3 pair, single light, 28" × 28", at $4.57 per pair 13.71
2 pair, single light, 36" × 28" (curved),
at $17.64 per pair 35.28
3 pair, single light, 26" × 28", at $4.25 per pair 12.75
1 pair, single light, 20" × 28" 3.27
4 pair, single light, 30" × 28", at $4.90 per pair 19.60
-------
Total $107.70

WINDOW SASH, ATTIC
_Quantities and Cost_
2 pair, single light, 18" × 18", at $1.89 per pair $ 3.78
1 sash, circular, 24-inch diameter 2.52
4 pair, single light, 22" × 24" (curved),
at $9.24 per pair 36.96
2 pair, single light, 21" × 24", at $2.94 per pair 5.88
3 pair, single light, 28" × 20", at $3.27 per pair 9.81
2 pair, single light, 24" × 20", at $2.80 per pair 5.60
1 pair, single light, 30" × 28" 4.90
-------
Total $ 69.45

SCREEN FRAMES FOR PORCH
_Quantities and Cost_

Rails and stiles, white pine, 4" × 1½", two muntins each:
1 frame, 36" × 16" $ .51
1 frame, 90" × 16" 1.27
1 frame, 88" × 16" 1.25
1 frame, 60" × 16" .85
2 frames, 94" × 16", at $1.33 each 2.66
2 frames, 66" × 16", at 93 cents each 1.86
1 frame, 24" × 16" .34
1 frame, 84" × 16" 1.19
1 frame, 20" × 16" .33
-------
Total $ 10.26

_Summary_
Cellar $ 9.76
First story 120.10
Second story 107.70
Attic 69.45
Screens 10.26
-------
Total cost of window sash $ 317.27

CELLAR STAIRS
_Quantities and Cost_
52 ft. of hemlock, at 3 cents per foot $ 1.56
46 ft. of planed white pine, at 4½ cents per foot 2.07
Labor: 12 risers, at 20 cents each 2.40
------
Total $ 6.03

BACK STAIRS
_Quantities and Cost_
72 ft. ⁵/₄ planed white pine, at 6 cents per foot $ 4.32
White-pine hand rails, 18 ft., at 6 cents per foot 1.08
Labor: 13 risers, at 40 cents each 5.20
-------
Total $ 10.60

MAIN STAIRS
_Quantities and Cost_
335 ft. of hemlock, at 3 cents per foot $ 10.05
185 ft. of chestnut, at 10 cents per foot 18.50
49 ft. of chestnut hand rail, at 60 cents per foot 29.40
86 turned chestnut balusters, 2" × 2" × 10",
at 12 cents each 10.32
1 box newel, 8" × 8" × 4' 6", chestnut, paneled,
with molded cap 6.00
7 newels, 5" × 5" × 4' 6", chestnut, with turned pendants,
at $4 28.00
2 newels, 5" × 5" × 12', chestnut, with turned caps,
at $6 12.00
Spandrel, 30 sq. ft., 10 raised panels, ⅞-inch thick
stiles and rails, 1¼-inch thick planted molding,
at 35 cents per square foot 10.50
Paneled partition under stairs, chestnut, 17 sq. ft.,
at 35 cents per square foot 5.95
String molding, 46' of 1½" × 3", chestnut, at 3½ cents 1.61
Skirt molding, 46' of 1½" × ¾", chestnut, 1¼ cents .58
Soffit molding, 38' of ⅝" × 2", chestnut, 1½ cents .57
Labor: 35 risers, at $2 each 70.00
-------
Total $203.48

_Summary_
Cellar stairs $ 6.03
Back stairs 10.60
Main stairs 203.48
-------
Total cost of stairs $220.11

MISCELLANEOUS INTERIOR JOINERY
_Baseboard_
First story:
Chestnut, ⅞" × 6", with molding worked on face,
tongued into surbase, 1⅛" × 6", 139 ft.,
at 30 cents per linear foot $ 41.70
White pine, ⅞" × 9", plain, 90 ft.,
at 33 cents per linear foot 29.70
Second story:
White pine, ⅞" × 9", molded, 300 ft.,
at 33 cents per linear foot 99.00
Attic:
White pine, ⅞" × 6", molded, 290 ft., at 24 cents 69.60
-------
Total $240.00

_Wainscoting_
First story:
Chestnut, ⅞" × 2½", beaded and matched boards,
4 ft. high, 33 ft. long, 132 sq. ft.,
at 8 cents per square foot, dining room $ 10.56
Molded cap, 1½" × 1½", 33 ft., at 3 cents per foot .99
Chestnut, paneled, 67' × 4' high = 268 sq. ft.,
at 35 cents per square foot 93.80
Molded cap, 1¼" × 4", 67 ft., at 10 cents per foot 6.70
Second story (bathroom):
White pine, ⅞" × 2½", matched boards, 4 ft. high,
128 sq. ft., at 8 cents per square foot 10.24
Molded cap, 1½" × 1½", 32 ft., at 3 cents per foot .96
-------
Total $123.25

_Picture Molding_
Chestnut, 3" × 1½", 231 ft., at 9 cents $ 20.79

_China Closet_
Chestnut, dressed, 97 ft. B. M., at 10 cents per foot $ 9.70
Crown molding, 1" × 3", 8 ft., at 8 cents per foot .64
Labor: 1 man, 2 days, at $3.20 6.40
-------
Total $ 16.74

_Shelving_
No. 2 white pine, 50 ft. B. M., at 4½ cents per foot $ 2.25
Labor: 1 man, 1 day, at $3.20 3.20
------
Total $ 5.45

_Summary_
Baseboard $240.00
Wainscoting 123.25
Picture molding 20.79
China closet 16.74
Shelving 5.45
-------
Total cost of miscellaneous interior joinery $406.23

MISCELLANEOUS EXTERIOR WORK
_Moldings_

356 ft. crown molding, 1" × 4", at 5½ cents $ 19.58
356 ft. bed molding, 1" × 3", at 4 cents 14.24
356 ft. bed molding, 1" × 1½", at 3 cents 10.68
74 ft. bed molding, 1" × 2", at 3 cents 2.22
356 ft. bed molding, ½" × ⅞", at 1½ cents 5.34
64 ft. neck molding, at 1 cent .64
36 ft. cove molding, ⅞" × 1⅛", at 3 cents 1.08
White pine:
35 ft. triglyphs, at 10 cents 3.50
207 turned balusters, 2" × 1' 6", for porches,
at 10 cents 20.70
92 ft. molded hand rail, 5" × 3", at 11 cents 10.12
92 ft. bottom rail, 5" × 3", at 11 cents 10.12
200 dentils, 2" × 2" × 3", at 1½ cents 3.00
137 ft. window cap, 3" × 1½", at 3 cents 4.11
23 ft. B. M., for balustrade posts, at 4½ cents 1.04
Casing for circular window 1.00
Semicircular head casing over outside door in dormer 2.00
-------
Total cost of exterior work $109.37

_Recapitulation of Cost of Joinery_
Door frames $158.67
Doors 224.93
Window frames 254.32
Window sash 317.27
Stairs 220.11
Miscellaneous interior joinery 406.23
Miscellaneous exterior work 109.37
---------
Total cost of joinery $1,690.90

HARDWARE

=9.= The prices given in the following list are based on the use of the best quality of hardware in the market. Should inferior quality be used, these prices would probably be 50 per cent. less. The cost of labor is assumed to be one-fifth the cost of the hardware.

LOCKS
_Quantities and Cost_
One 5⅜-inch mortise front-door lock, with bronze
furniture complete $6.00
One 4½-inch mortise vestibule-door lock, with bronze
furniture complete 5.50
One 5½-inch flush pull mortise lock for double
sliding-door 3.00
Two 5½-inch flush pull mortise locks for single
sliding-door, at $2.25 4.50
Eighteen 4½-inch mortise knob locks, at $2.20 39.60
Ten 4-inch cupboard lock sets, at $1.85 18.50
Six 2⅜-inch mortise knob locks, at $1.50 9.00
One 2-inch steel spring padlock .50
------
Total $86.60

HINGES
_Quantities and Cost_
1 pair double-acting checking spring hinges with
bronze push plates, for double-acting door $10.50
2 pair 5" × 5" bronze loose pin butts, at $2.50 5.00
33 pair 4" × 4" bronze loose pin butts, at $1.90 62.70
2 pair 3" × 3" bronze loose pin butts, at $1.35 2.70
------
Total $80.90

MISCELLANEOUS HARDWARE
_Quantities and Cost_
Thirty-two 1⅛" × 2⅝" bronze sash fasts, at 40 cents $12.80
Five 2" × 2¼" bronze cupboard turns, at 40 cents 2.00
Four 6" × 1¼" bronze flush bolts, at $1.25 5.00
3 doz. 3-inch japanned-iron coat hooks, at 25 cents .75
One galvanized-iron hasp and staple .20
One McCabe patent door hanger, double 3.50
Two McCabe patent door hangers, single, at $2 4.00
Four 2¼-inch bronze draw pulls, at 10 cents .40
------
Total $28.65

_Summary_
Locks $86.60
Butts 80.90
Miscellaneous 28.65
-------
Total cost of hardware $196.15

HEATING AND VENTILATING SYSTEM

=10.= A house as large as the one under consideration should be heated either by steam or by hot water. However, a furnace is used in this case, not because it is the best practice, but because it gives practice in estimating on a furnace, which is more important than estimating on either steam or hot water. In taking off quantities for the heating and ventilating contract, attention should be given to the fact that the furnace and pipes, registers and borders, and the fireplace furniture are usually supplied by different manufacturers.

FURNACE
_Quantities and Cost_
One 53-inch cast-iron portable furnace set up in place $125.00

WARM-AIR AND SMOKE PIPES
_Quantities and Cost_

12 ft. of 4" × 8" tin W. A. pipe, at 12½ cents $ 1.50
12 ft. of 3" × 12" tin W. A. pipe, at 15 cents 1.80
13 ft. of 4" × 10" tin W. A. pipe, at 15 cents 1.95
61 ft. of 10-inch round tin W. A. pipe, at 16 cents 9.76
12½ ft. of 8-inch round tin W. A. pipe, at 12½ cents 1.56
4 ft. of 8-inch galvanized-iron smoke pipe, at 15 cents .60
17 ft. of 10-inch round, fireclay flue lining,
at 25 cents 4.25
2½ ft. of 8-inch round, fireclay flue lining,
at 20 cents .50
Labor, one-half of cost of materials 10.96
-------
Total $ 32.88

REGISTERS
_Quantities and Cost_
Three 14" × 16" japanned floor registers and borders,
at $3.85 $ 11.55
One 7" × 10" japanned floor register and border .85
One 12" × 15" japanned floor register and border 2.25
Two 7" × 9" japanned floor registers and borders,
at 85 cents 1.70
One 10" × 12" japanned floor register and border 1.26
Two 12" × 15" japanned wall registers and borders,
at $2.25 4.50
One 10" × 12" japanned wall register and border 1.26
Labor, one-third of cost of materials 7.79
-------
Total $ 31.16

TIN REGISTER BOXES
_Quantities and Cost_
Three 14" × 16" × 4", at 80 cents $ 2.40
One 7" × 10" × 4" .57
Two 10" × 12" × 4", at 75 cents 1.50
Two 15" × 12" × 4", at 75 cents 1.50
Two 7" × 9" × 4", at 57 cents 1.14
Labor, one-third of cost of materials 2.37
------
Total $ 9.48

MISCELLANEOUS
_Quantities and Cost_
Fifteen elbows, 10 in. in diameter, at 35 cents $ 5.25
Two elbows, 8 in. in diameter, at 25 cents .50
Ten sheets of "IC" tin, 20" × 28", at 20 cents 2.00
Two cold-air boxes, each 24 ft. long, of 20-inch
earthen pipe, with two slide dampers and screens 38.40
Labor: one-third of cost of materials 15.38
------
Total $61.53

_Summary_
Furnace $125.00
Warm-air and smoke pipes 32.88
Registers and borders 31.16
Register boxes 9.48
Miscellaneous 61.53
-------
Total cost of heating and ventilating system $260.05

PLUMBING

=11.= A complete list of the plumbing fixtures, together with the sizes, lengths, and materials of all pipes, should be tabulated so that any item can be easily referred to in case of alteration in the schedule.

FIXTURES
_Quantities and Cost_
One double-oven brick-set kitchen range with
water-back; to be selected by the owner; complete $50.00
One Class A, white-glazed earthenware sink, 30" × 20" × 7";
with porcelain back 15 in. high, and with porcelain
legs; 2-inch cast brass, nickel-plated; =S=-trap
with waste pipe to floor; and improved Fuller faucets;
telescopic ash drain board; complete 45.00
One Class A, 20" × 30" porcelain recess pantry sink,
white enameled inside, with nickel-plated standing
waste overflow; with nickel-plated 1½-inch brass
trap and pipe to floor; nickel-plated supply pipes
to floor; nickel-plated 2-inch supporting stand,
and heavy nickel-plated Fuller faucets, marked
_hot_ and _cold_; complete 40.00
One 5' 6" porcelain-lined, roll rim, Roman pattern,
cast-iron bath, with cast-iron feet, painted one
coat outside, with nickel-plated combination
standing waste, compression star handle supply
valves at foot, with _hot_ and _cold_
name plates; complete 40.00
One improved porcelain siphon-jet water closet,
with quartered-oak seat and cover, quartered-oak
siphon cistern, with nickel-plated brass brackets,
nickel-plated brass flush pipe; nickel-plated chain
and china pull, and brass floor flange; complete 30.00
One enameled-iron corner, lavatory, 17½" × 17½" ×
12", with 12" × 15" =D=-shaped basin with
nickel-plate cocks and pipes; all complete 30.00
One enameled-iron corner lavatory slab 16" × 16" ×
6", with enameled back and aprons, soap cup, 11" × 14"
bowl, No. 0 Fuller faucets, and “Penn” waste; complete 20.00
One set of 3 Class B, white porcelain wash tubs, 26
inches long, with N. P. brass waste and star handle
cocks, and wringer base; all complete 60.00
-------
Cost of fixtures $315.00

WATER SUPPLY
_Quantities and Cost_
One 40-gallon, extra-heavy, galvanized-iron boiler,
stand and couplings; complete $15.00
Tapping and corporation-cock permits 5.00
One curb box 2.00
10 ft. 1-inch brass pipe and fittings 5.00
40 ft. 1-inch AAA lead pipe 19.00
44 ft. 1-inch galvanized-iron pipe 4.00
120 ft. ¾-inch galvanized-iron pipe 9.00
80 ft. ½-inch galvanized-iron pipe 5.00
30 pounds of fittings 6.00
One 1-inch stop and waste cock 1.50
Eight ¾-inch stop and waste cocks 7.00
Three ½-inch stop and waste cocks 2.50
Straps and hangers 1.00
Two garden hose bibbs 2.00
------
Cost of water-supply system $84.00

DRAINAGE
_Quantities and Cost_
213 ft. 4-inch, extra-heavy, cast-iron, asphalt-coated
soil pipe $ 60.00
20 ft. 3-inch, extra-heavy, cast-iron, asphalt-coated
soil pipe 4.50
110 ft. 2-inch, extra-heavy, cast-iron, asphalt-coated
soil pipe 16.50
30 ft. 4-inch, extra-heavy, cast-iron, asphalt-coated,
soil-pipe fittings 24.00
4 ft. 3-inch, extra-heavy, cast-iron, asphalt-coated,
soil-pipe fittings 2.50
24 ft. 2-inch, extra-heavy, cast-iron, asphalt-coated,
soil-pipe fittings 7.50
90 ft. 6-inch, salt-glazed, earthenware sewer pipe 10.00
62 ft. 5-inch, salt-glazed, earthenware sewer pipe 6.00
140 ft. 4-inch, salt-glazed, earthenware sewer pipe 8.00
One 6-inch fitting 1.00
Seven 5-inch fittings 4.00
Eighteen 4-inch fittings 7.00
Portland cement 2.00
100 lb. of lead 5.00
Oakum 1.00
Wall hooks 1.00
One 4-inch running trap 2.00
Four 4-inch ground brass ferrule cleanouts 2.00
Three cast-iron manhole covers 3.00
One fresh-air inlet box 1.00
One 4-inch lead bend 1.50
One 4-inch brass ferrule .35
10 ft. 2-inch lead waste pipe 2.50
14 ft. 1½-inch lead pipe 2.50
Twelve 2-inch brass ferrules 1.50
Two 2-inch lead traps 2.50
2 sq. ft. 6-pound sheet lead .90
Three 4-inch wire-basket strainers .40
20 lb. of wiping solder 5.00
-------
Total $185.15

LABOR

Labor, assumed to be one-fourth cost of all materials
= $584.15 × .25 = $146.04

_Summary_
Fixtures $315.00
Water-supply system 84.00
Drainage 185.15
Labor 146.04
-------
Total cost of plumbing $730.19

GAS-FITTING

=12.= Following is given the cost of buying and installing the various gas fixtures and pipes that are used in the building under consideration:

FIXTURES
_Quantities and Cost_

Cellar:
2 brackets, 1 burner, each at 50 cents $ 1.00
First floor:
Parlor, 1 chandelier, 4 burners 50.00
2 brackets, stiff, 2 burners, each at $10 20.00
Dining room, 1 chandelier, 5 burners 45.00
2 brackets, stiff, 1 burner, each at $5 10.00
Hall, 1 chandelier, 4 burners 30.00
Library, 1 chandelier, 6 burners 50.00
2 brackets, stiff, 2 burners, each at $10 20.00
Lavatory, 1 bracket, 1 burner, stiff 2.50
Kitchen, 1 center fixture, 2 burners 4.00
1 side light, stiff, 1 burner 1.00
Butler’s pantry, 1 drop light, 2 burners 4.00
Pantry, 1 side light, stiff, 1 burner 1.00
Cellar stairs, 1-bracket light, 1 burner .50
Second floor:
Bedrooms, 11 double-swing brackets, 1 burner, at $5 55.00
Dressing room, 1 double-swing, plain, 1 burner 2.00
Hall, 1 stiff bracket, 2 burners 6.00
Stair landing, 2 stiff brackets, 1 burner, each at $4 8.00
Bathroom, 1 bracket, double swing, plain, 1 burner 3.00
Attic rooms, 5 stiff brackets, 1 burner, each at $.75 3.75
-------
Total $316.75

PIPE AND FITTINGS
_Quantities and Cost_
54 ft. 1½-inch pipe, at 10 cents $ 5.40
30 ft. ¾-inch pipe, at 6 cents 1.80
30 ft. ½-inch pipe, at 4 cents 1.20
205 ft. ⅜-inch pipe, at 3 cents 6.15
Fittings 4.00
-------
Total $ 18.55

LABOR
Labor, assumed to be one-seventh the cost of materials
(fixtures, pipes, etc.) = $335.30 ÷ 7 = $ 47.90

_Summary_
Fixtures $316.75
Pipe and fittings 18.55
Labor 47.90
-------
Total cost of gas-fitting $383.20

WIRING

=13.= At the present time, most houses that are as large as the one under consideration are equipped with electric door bells, and probably with electric bells from some of the living rooms to the kitchen. Such an equipment would cost, say, $25.

In most houses of this size, where available, both electricity and gas are used for lighting purposes. The cost of wiring this house complete for electric lights, including six wall switches, besides two three-way switches for the hall light, so that it can be operated either from the upper or lower floor, is about $325 if iron-armored conduit is used. If electric lights are used, the lighting fixtures must be combination fixtures, that is, fixtures that can be used for both gas and electricity. This will add about 40 per cent. to the cost of the gas fixtures, or 40 per cent. of $316.75, which amounts to $126.70.

The total cost of wiring is therefore as follows:

Electric bells $ 25.00
Light wiring 325.00
Extra cost of fixtures 126.70
-------
Total $476.70

PAINTING

=14.= In taking off quantities for painting, it is customary to estimate the cost by assuming a price per square yard for each class of work, instead of estimating the material and labor separately.

EXTERIOR WORK
_Quantities_

Three coats of pure linseed oil and white lead in four colors:
SQUARE
YARDS
Shingles (see item in Carpentry estimate) 269
Main cornice 130
Porch cornice 22
Porch posts 32
Spandrels 40
Porch skirting 14
Balustrade 52
Sash 64
Window sills 16
Porch floors and steps 72
---
Total 711

SQUARE
YARDS
One coat orange shellac and one of varnish:
Porch ceiling (see item in Carpentry estimate) 58

INTERIOR WORK
_Quantities_

Chestnut finish, parlor, library, dining room, hall,
stair hall, lavatory, and stairway. One coat of wood
paste filler, one coat of white shellac, and three
coats of varnish, rubbed down with pumice stone and
water:
SQUARE
YARDS
Architrave 32
Base 16
Wainscoting 30
Sash 17
Doors 54
Jamb casings 7
Stairway 50
Balustrade of stairway 20
---
Total 226

White pine, natural finish, all of house not finished
in chestnut. One coat of spirit shellac and two
coats of varnish:
SQUARE
YARDS
Architrave 73
Base 60
Wainscoting 29
Sash 40
Dresser 9
Doors 131
Jamb casings 31
Back stairs 34
---
Total 407

_Cost_
Exterior work, 711 sq. yd., at 30 cents
per square yard $213.30
Porch ceiling, 58 sq. yd., at 20 cents
per square yard 11.60
Chestnut finish, 226 sq. yd., at 75 cents
per square yard 169.50
White pine, natural finish, 407 sq. yd., at 25 cents
per square yard 101.75
-------
Total cost of painting $496.15

Summary of Cost of Building

=15.= Having estimated the cost of work required of each trade, a summary of the whole will express the total estimated cost of the building.

Excavation and filling $ 285.99
Stonework 1,793.83
Brickwork 1,079.16
Carpentry 2,001.57
Roofing 553.18
Plastering 1,025.18
Joinery 1,690.90
Hardware 196.15
Heating and ventilation 260.05
Plumbing 730.19
Gas-fitting 383.20
Electric wiring 476.70
Painting 496.15
----------
Total cost $10,972.25

This total cost does not include any extras or builder’s profits.

MILL DESIGN

SITE AND ARRANGEMENT

PRELIMINARY CONSIDERATIONS