Chapter I: Front Matter

Transcriber’s Note:

This version of the text cannot represent certain typographical effects. Italics are delimited with the ‘_’ character as _italic_. Bold font is delimited by the ‘=’ character. Superscripted and subscripted characters are shown as ‘^2’ and ‘_{2}’ respectively.

This text includes the rendering of ancient Greek inscriptions, using the alphabets of a number of different regions, not all of which exist in the unicode character set. Some are printed in reverse order (right to left) and some are also mirror-imaged. It is not possible to render these inscriptions as text without a wholesale loss of information about the variant forms. Each inscription, therefore, is simply rendered using modern Greek characters, including several archaic characters (koppa = Ϙ and digamma= Ϝ) which are supported in unicode fonts. These inscriptions are better viewed, obviously, in the HTML or epub versions which can be found at Project Gutenberg.

Minor errors and inconsistency in punctuation and formatting have been silently corrected. Please see the transcriber’s note at the end of this text for details regarding the handling of any other textual issues encountered during its preparation.

Footnotes appeared in the printed text numbered sequentially on each page. They have been renumbered to be unique across the text, and are gathered at the end of each chapter. The occasional references to them by the original number have been changed as well.

Volume I of this text is available separately from Project Gutenberg at:

https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/48154

------------------------------------------------------

HISTORY OF ANCIENT POTTERY

------------------------------------------------------

PLATE XLIX

ATTIC BLACK-FIGURED HYDRIA:
HARNESSING OF HORSES TO CHARIOT
(BRITISH MUSEUM).
]

------------------------------------------------------

HISTORY OF ANCIENT POTTERY
GREEK, ETRUSCAN, AND ROMAN

BY H. B. WALTERS, M.A., F.S.A.
BASED ON THE WORK OF
SAMUEL BIRCH

IN TWO VOLUMES
VOLUME II

WITH 300 ILLUSTRATIONS
INCLUDING 8 COLOURED PLATES

NEW YORK
CHARLES SCRIBNER’S SONS
1905

PRINTED BY
HAZELL, WATSON
AND VINEY, LD.,
LONDON AND AYLESBURY,
ENGLAND.

CONTENTS OF VOLUME II

PAGE

CONTENTS OF VOLUME II v

LIST OF PLATES IN VOLUME II ix

LIST OF TEXT-ILLUSTRATIONS IN VOLUME II xi

PART III

THE SUBJECTS ON GREEK VASES

–
CHAPTER XII
_INTRODUCTORY—THE OLYMPIAN DEITIES_

Figured vases in ancient literature—Mythology and art—Relation of subjects on vases to literature—Homeric and dramatic themes and their treatment—Interpretation and classification of subjects—The Olympian deities—The Gigantomachia—The birth of Athena and other Olympian subjects—Zeus and kindred subjects—Hera—Poseidon and marine deities—The Eleusinian deities—Apollo and Artemis—Hephaistos, Athena, and Ares—Aphrodite and Eros—Hermes and Hestia 1–53

CHAPTER XIII
_DIONYSOS AND MISCELLANEOUS DEITIES_

Dionysos and his associates—Ariadne, Maenads, and Satyrs—Names of Satyrs and Maenads—The Nether World—General representations and isolated subjects—Charon, Erinnyes, Hekate, and Thanatos—Cosmogonic deities—Gaia and Pandora—Prometheus and Atlas—Iris and Hebe—Personifications—Sun, Moon, Stars, and Dawn—Winds—Cities and countries—The Muses—Victory—Abstract ideas—Descriptive names 54–92

CHAPTER XIV
_HEROIC LEGENDS_

Kastor and Polydeukes—Herakles and his twelve labours—Other contests—Relations with deities—Apotheosis—Theseus and his labours—Later scenes of his life—Perseus—Pelops and Bellerophon—Jason and the Argonauts—Theban legends—The Trojan cycle—Peleus and Thetis—The Judgment of Paris—Stories of Telephos and Troilos—Scenes from the Iliad—The death of Achilles and the Fall of Troy—The Odyssey—The Oresteia—Attic and other legends—Orpheus and the Amazons—Monsters—Historical and literary subjects 93–153

CHAPTER XV
_SUBJECTS FROM ORDINARY LIFE_

Religious subjects—Sacrifices—Funeral scenes—The Drama and burlesques—Athletics—Sport and games—Musical scenes—Trades and occupations—Daily life of women—Wedding scenes—Military and naval subjects—Orientals and Barbarians—Banquets and revels—Miscellaneous subjects—Animals 154–186

CHAPTER XVI
_DETAILS OF TYPES, ARRANGEMENT, AND ORNAMENTATION_

Distinctions of types—Costume and attributes of individual deities— Personifications—Heroes—Monsters—Personages in everyday life—Armour and shield-devices—Dress and ornaments—Physiognomical expression on vases—Landscape and architecture—Arrangement of subjects—Ornamental patterns—Maeander, circles, and other geometrical patterns—Floral patterns—Lotos and palmettes—Treatment of ornamentation in different fabrics 187–235

CHAPTER XVII
_INSCRIPTIONS ON GREEK VASES_

Importance of inscriptions on vases—Incised inscriptions—Names and prices incised underneath vases—Owners’ names and dedications—Painted inscriptions—Early Greek alphabets—Painted inscriptions on early vases—Corinthian, Ionic, Boeotian, and Chalcidian inscriptions—Inscriptions on Athenian vases—Dialect—Artists’ signatures—Inscriptions relating to the subjects—Exclamations—Καλός-names—The Attic alphabet and orthography—Chronology of Attic inscriptions—South Italian vases with inscriptions 236–278

PART IV

ITALIAN POTTERY

CHAPTER XVIII
_ETRUSCAN AND SOUTH ITALIAN POTTERY_

Early Italian civilisation—Origin of Etruscans—Terramare civilisation—Villanuova period—Pit-tombs—Hut-urns—Trench- tombs—Relief-wares and painted vases from Cervetri—Chamber- tombs—Polledrara ware—Bucchero ware—Canopic jars—Imitations of Greek vases—Etruscan inscriptions—Sculpture in terracotta—Architectural decoration—Sarcophagi—Local pottery of Southern Italy—Messapian and Peucetian fabrics 279–329

CHAPTER XIX
_TERRACOTTA IN ROMAN ARCHITECTURE AND SCULPTURE_

Clay in Roman architecture—Use of bricks—Methods of construction—Tiles—Ornamental antefixae—Flue-tiles—Other uses—Inscriptions on bricks and tiles—Military tiles—Mural reliefs—List of subjects—Roman sculpture in terracotta—Statuettes—Uses at Rome—Types and subjects—Gaulish terracottas—Potters and centres of fabric—Subjects—Miscellaneous uses of terracotta—Money-boxes —Coin-moulds 330–392

CHAPTER XX
_ROMAN LAMPS_

Introduction of lamps at Rome—Sites where found—Principal parts of lamps—Purposes for which used—Superstitious and other uses—Chronological account of forms—Technical processes—Subjects—Deities—Mythological and literary subjects—_Genre_ subjects and animals—Inscriptions on lamps—Names of potters and their distribution—Centres of manufacture 393–429

CHAPTER XXI
_ROMAN POTTERY: TECHNICAL PROCESSES, SHAPES, AND USES_

Introductory—Geographical and historical limits—Clay and glaze—Technical processes—Stamps and moulds—_Barbotine_ and other methods—Kilns found in Britain, Gaul, and Germany—Use of earthenware among the Romans—Echea—Dolia and Amphorae—Inscriptions on amphorae—Cadus, Ampulla, and Lagena —Drinking-cups—Dishes—Sacrificial vases—Identification of names 430–473

CHAPTER XXII
_ROMAN POTTERY, HISTORICALLY TREATED; ARRETINE WARE_

Roman Pottery mentioned by ancient writers—“Samian” ware—Centres of fabric—The pottery of Arretium—Characteristics—Potters’ stamps—Shapes of Arretine vases—Sources of inspiration for decoration—“Italian Megarian bowls”—Subjects—Distribution of Arretine wares 474–496