Chapter VI

THE ÆOLIDS, OR SONS AND DAUGHTERS OF ÆOLUS.

Legends of Greece, originally isolated, afterwards
thrown into series.—_Æolus._—His seven sons and five
daughters.—1. _First Æolid line_—Salmôneus, Tyrô.—Pelias
and Nêleus.—Pêrô, Bias, and Melampus.—Periklymenos.—Nestor
and his exploits.—Nêleids down to Kodrus.—_Second Æolid
line_—Krêtheus.—Admêtus and Alcêstis.—Pêleus and the wife
of Acastus.—Pelias and Jasôn.—Jasôn and Mêdea.—Mêdea at
Corinth.—_Third Æolid line_—Sisyphus.—Corinthian genealogy
of Eumêlus.—Coalescence of different legends about Mêdea and
Sisyphus.—Bellerophôn.—_Fourth Æolid line_—Athamas.—Phryxus
and Hellê.—Inô and Palæmôn—Isthmian games.—Local root of the
legend of Athamas.—Traces of ancient human sacrifices.—Athamas
in the district near Orchomenos.—Eteoklês—festival of the
Charitêsia.—Foundation and greatness of Orchomenos.—Overthrow by
Hêraklês and the Thebans.—Trophônius and Agamêdês.—Ascalaphos and
Ialmenos.—Discrepancies in the Orchomenian genealogy.—Probable
inferences as to the ante-historical Orchomenos.—Its early wealth
and industry.—Emissaries of the lake Kôpaïs.—Old Amphiktyony at
Kalauria.—Orchomenos and Thebês.—Alcyonê and Kêyx.—Canacê.—The
Alôids.—Calycê.—Elis and Ætôlia.—Eleian genealogy.—Augeas.—The
Molionid brothers.—Variations in the Eleian genealogy.—Ætôlian
genealogy.—Œneus, Meleager, Tydeus.—Legend of Meleager in
Homer.—How altered by the poets after Homer.—Althæa and the
burning brand.—Grand Kalydônian boar-hunt.—Atalanta.—Relics of
the boar long preserved at Tegea.—Atalanta vanquished in the race
by stratagem.—Deianeira.—Death of Hêraklês.—Tydeus.—Old age of
Œneus.—Discrepant genealogies. 105-153

CHAPTER VII.

THE PELOPIDS.

Misfortunes and celebrity of the Pelopids.—Pelops—eponym of
Peloponnêsus.—Deduction of the sceptre of Pelops.—Kingly
attributes of the family.—Homeric Pelops.—Lydia, Pisa, etc.,
post-Homeric additions.—Tantalus.—Niobê.—Pelops and Œnomaus,
king of Pisa.—Chariot victory of Pelops—his principality at
Pisa.—Atreus, Thyestês, Chrysippus.—Family horrors among the
Pelopids.—Agamemnôn and Menelaus.—Orestês.—The goddess Hêrê and
Mykênæ.—Legendary importance of Mykênæ.—Its decline coincident
with the rise of Argos and Sparta.—Agamemnôn and Orestês
transferred to Sparta. 153-167

CHAPTER VIII.

LACONIAN AND MESSENIAN GENEALOGIES.

Lelex—autochthonous in Lacônia.—Tyndareus and Lêda.—Offspring
of Lêda.—1. Castôr, Timandra, Klytæmnêstra, 2. Pollux,
Helen.—Castôr and Pollux.—Legend of the Attic Dekeleia.—Idas and
Lynkeus.—Great functions and power of the Dioskuri.—Messênian
genealogy.—Periêrês—Idas and Marpêssa. 168-173

CHAPTER IX.

ARCADIAN GENEALOGY.

Pelasgus.—Lykaôn and his fifty sons.—Legend of Lykaôn—ferocity
punished by the gods.—Deep religious faith of Pausanias.—His view
of past and present world.—Kallistô and Arkas.—Azan, Apheidas,
Elatus.—Aleus, Augê, Telephus.—Ancæus.—Echemus.—Echemus
kills Hyllus.—Hêrakleids repelled from Peloponnêsus.—Korônis and
Asklêpius.—Extended worship of Asklêpius—numerous legends.—Machaôn
and Podaleirius.—Numerous Asklêpiads, or descendants from
Asklêpius.—Temples of Asklêpius—sick persons healed there. 173-183

CHAPTER X

ÆAKUS AND HIS DESCENDANTS.—ÆGINA, SALAMIS, AND PHTHIA.

Æakus—son of Zeus and Ægina.—Offspring of Æakus—Pêleus,
Telamôn, Phôkus.—Prayers of Æakus—procure relief for
Greece—Phôkus killed by Pêleus and Telamôn.—Telamôn, banished,
goes to Salamis.—Pêleus—goes to Phthia—his marriage with
Thetis.—Neoptolemus.—Ajax, his son Philæus the eponymous hero of
a dême in Attica.—Teukrus banished, settles in Cyprus.—Diffusion
of the Æakid genealogy. 184-190

CHAPTER XI.

ATTIC LEGENDS AND GENEALOGIES.

Erechtheus—autochthonous.—Attic legends—originally from
different roots—each dême had its own.—Little noticed by
the old epic poets.—Kekrops.—Kranaus—Pandiôn.—Daughters of
Pandiôn—Proknê, Philomêla.—Legend of Têreus.—Daughters
of Erechtheus—Prokris.—Kreüsa.—Oreithyia, the wife of
Boreas.—Prayers of the Athenians to Boreas—his gracious
help in their danger.—Erechtheus and Eumolpus.—Voluntary
self-sacrifice of the three daughters of Erechtheus.—Kreüsa
and Iôn.—Sons of Pandiôn—Ægeus, etc.—Thêseus.—His legendary
character refined.—Plutarch—his way of handling the matter
of legend.—Legend of the Amazons.—Its antiquity and
prevalence.—Glorious achievements of the Amazons.—Their
ubiquity.—Universally received as a portion of the Greek
past.—Amazons produced as present by the historians of
Alexander.—Conflict of faith and reason in the historical critics.
191-217

CHAPTER XII.

KRETAN LEGENDS.—MINOS AND HIS FAMILY.

Minôs and Rhadamanthus, sons of Zeus.—Europê.—Pasiphaê
and the Minôtaur.—Scylla and Nisus.—Death of Androgeos,
and anger of Minôs against Athens.—Athenian victims for
the Minôtaur.—Self-devotion of Thêseus—he kills the
Minôtaur.—Athenian commemorative ceremonies.—Family of
Minôs.—Minôs and Dædalus—flight of the latter to Sicily.—Minôs
goes to retake him, but is killed.—Semi-Krêtan settlements
elsewhere—connected with this voyage of Minôs.—Sufferings of the
Krêtans afterwards from the wrath of Minôs.—Portrait of Minôs—how
varied.—Affinity between Krête and Asia Minor. 218-230

CHAPTER XIII.

ARGONAUTIC EXPEDITION.

Ship Argô in the Odyssey.—In Hesiod and Eumêlus.—Jasôn and
his heroic companions.—Lêmnos.—Adventures at Kyzikus, in
Bithynia, etc.—Hêraklês and Hylas.—Phineus.—Dangers of the
Symplêgades.—Arrival at Kolchis.—Conditions imposed by Æêtês
as the price of the golden fleece.—Perfidy of Æêtês—flight of
the Argonauts and Mêdea with the fleece.—Pursuit of Æêtês—the
Argonauts saved by Mêdea.—Return of the Argonauts—circuitous and
perilous.—Numerous and wide-spread monuments referring to the
voyage.—Argonautic legend generally.—Fabulous geography—gradually
modified as real geographical knowledge increased.—Transposition
of epical localities.—How and when the Argonautic voyage
became attached to Kolchis.—Æêtês and Circê.—Return of the
Argonauts—different versions.—Continued faith in the voyage—basis
of truth determined by Strabo. 231-256