Chapter XXXII: Rise of the Persian Empire. — Cyrus

State of Asia before the rise of the Persian monarchy. — Great
power and alliances of Crœsus. — Rise of Cyrus — uncertainty of
his early history. — Story of Astyagês. — Herodotus and Ktêsias.
— Condition of the native Persians at the first rise of Cyrus.
— Territory of Iran — between Tigris and Indus. — War between
Cyrus and Crœsus. — Crœsus tests the oracles — triumphant reply
from Delphi — munificence of Crœsus to the oracle. — Advice given
to him by the oracle. — He solicits the alliance of Sparta. —
He crosses the Halys and attacks the Persians. — Rapid march of
Cyrus to Sardis. — Siege and capture of Sardis. — Crœsus becomes
prisoner of Cyrus — how treated. — Remonstrance addressed by
Crœsus to the Delphian god. — Successful justification of the
oracle. — Fate of Crœsus impressive to the Greek mind. — The
Mœræ, or Fates. — State of the Asiatic Greeks after the conquest
of Lydia by Cyrus. — They apply in vain to Sparta for aid. —
Cyrus quits Sardis — revolt of the Lydians suppressed. — The
Persian general Mazarês attacks Ionia — the Lydian Paktyas. —
Harpagus succeeds Mazarês — conquest of Ionia by the Persians.
— Fate of Phôkæa. — Emigration of the Phôkæans vowed by all,
executed only by one half. — Phôkæan colony first at Alalia, then
at Elea. — Proposition of Bias for a Pan-Ionic emigration not
adopted. — Entire conquest of Asia Minor by the Persians. 182-208