Chapter XXXVI: Section 2: State of the Army of Portugal

April, 1810.--Head-quarter Caceres. Massena, Prince of Esling, commanding.

Pris-
Under arms. Detached. Hosp. oners. Effective. Horses.
Men. Horses. Men. Horses. Men. Men. Men. Cav. Draught.

2d corps d’armée
18,372 4,449 1,119 132 1,628 7 21,126 3,520 1,061

6th Ditto
33,759 10,159 496 110 5,086 349 39,690 3,140 3,129

8th Ditto
28,045 7,070 25 ” 5,976 99 34,145 5,312 1,758
---------------------------------------------------------------------
Total active army
80,176 21,678 1,640 242 12,690 455 94,961 15,972 5,948

Imperial guards
17,380 3,800 174 15 733 ” 18,287 2,831 954

Province of St. Ander
13,464 752 276 ” 1,774 377 15,891 15,752 ”

Province of Valladolid
4,509 124 123 ” 859 145 6,136 ” 126
---------------------------------------------------------------------
Total under Massena’s command
116,029 26,254 2,213 257 16,056 977 135,275 19,555 7,056
---------------------------------------------------------------------

15th May, 1810.

Etat major et gend’armes
229 241 ” ” ” ” 229 241 ”

2d corps Reynier
16,903 2,921 992 231 1,337 42 19,232 2,186 966

6th do. Ney
28,883 5,421 1,224 964 4,940 357 35,067 2,152 4,233

8th do. Junot
30,782 4,228 7 30 5,642 75 2,643 2,142 2,116

Reserve of cavalry. Montbrun
4,776 4,851 246 189 95 ” 5,117 5,040 11
---------------------------------------------------------------------
Total active army
71,573 17,662 2,489 1,414 12,014 474 86,076 11,761 7,315
---------------------------------------------------------------------

15th August, 1810.

Etat major, &c
199 222 ” ” 3 ” 202 222 ”

2d corps
16,418 2,894 2,494 397 3,006 ” 21,913 1,969 1,304

6th corps
23,456 2,496 1,865 577 5,541 193 30,862 1,701 1,372

8th corps
18,803 1,959 436 169 4,996 98 24,235 2,016 1,112

Reserve of cavalry
4,146 4,322 1,138 831 157 31 5,441 4,907 246

Artillerie et genie et du siege
2,724 2,969 205 159 409 ” 3,339 108 3,128
---------------------------------------------------------------------
Total active army
65,746 15,862 6,139 2,119 14,112 302 85,997 10,815 7,162

6th Government Valladolid. Division Serras
12,693 3,045 639 20 1,775 641 15,107 2,931 134

Asturias et St. Ander. Bonet
12,913 ” 1,394 15 1,578 107 14,885 434 ”
---------------------------------------------------------------------
Total under Massena
91,352 18,907 8,172 2,154 17,465 1,050 115,989 13,746 7,296

9th corps, Drouet Comte D’Erlon
19,144 2,436 24 ” 3,147 ” 22,315 2,436 ”
---------------------------------------------------------------------
General Total
110,496 21,343 8,196 2,154 20,612 1,050 138,304 16,616 7,296
---------------------------------------------------------------------

Army of Portugal, 27th September, 1810. The 9th corps to the 15th October.

The reserve of cavalry, and the artillery of siege to the 1st September only.

Under arms. Detached. Hosp. Effective. Horses.
Men. Horses. Men. Horses. Men. Men. Cav. Draught.

Etat major
192 219 ” ” 4 196 219 ”

2d corps
16,575 2,921 2,397 287 2,214 21,186 1,872 1,336

6th do.
23,224 2,478 1,708 600 5,418 30,350 1,730 1,348

8th do.
18,807 2,958 663 140 4,656 24,126 2,027 1,071

Reserve of cavalry
4,146 4,322 1,138 831 157 5,441 4,907 246

Artilleries of siege
3,022 3,115 206 159 409 3,637 146 3,128

Battalion of march which quitted Bayonne the 2d of October
” ” 474 16 ” 474 16 ”
--------------------------------------------------------------
Total
65,966 16,013 6,586 2,033 12,858 85,410 10,917 7,129

9th corps
19,062 2,072 413 ” 3,516 22,991 1,755 317

Division Serras
8,586 1,015 269 35 1,750 10,605 1,050 ”
--------------------------------------------------------------
Grand Total
93,614 19,100 7,268 2,068 18,124 119,006 13,722 7,446
--------------------------------------------------------------

Army of Portugal--1st January, 1811.

Head-quarters, Torres Novas.

2d Corps, Head-quarters Santarem.

Under arms. Detached. Hosp. Effective. Horses.
Men. Horses. Men. Horses. Men. Men. Cav. Draught.

Merle’s division, 9 battalions
4,368 ” 150 ” 1,549 6,067 ” ”

Heudelet’s do. 12 do.
5,718 ” 451 ” 2,646 8,815 ” ”

Lt. cavalry, Soult, 15 squadrons
1,146 993 523 537 231 1,900 1,530 ”

Artillery and engineers
1,284 1,121 52 9 189 1,425 112 1,018
--------------------------------------------------------------
Total
12,516 2,114 1,176 546 4,515 18,207 1,642 1,018
--------------------------------------------------------------

6th Corps, Thomar.

Marchand, 11 battalions
4,987 28 529 ” 1,121 6,637 28 ”

Mermet’s, 11 do.
6,252 ” 743 ” 1,077 8,104 ” ”

Loison, 12 do.
4,589 ” 1,037 ” 3,291 8,917 ” ”

Light cavalry, Lamotte, 7 squadrons
652 651 663 663 117 1,432 1,314 ”

Artillery and engineers, 28 companies
1,769 1,372 47 78 165 1,981 52 1,398
--------------------------------------------------------------
Total
18,272 2,051 3,019 741 5,771 27,094 1,394 1,398
--------------------------------------------------------------

8th Corps, Pernes.

Clausel, 11 battalions
4,007 18 484 ” 3,989 8,627 18 ”

Solignac, 14 do
4,997 ” 1,953 ” 3,337 10,346 ” ”

St. Croix’s dragoons, 12 squadrons
981 1,024 698 698 238 1,917 1,722 ”

Artillery and engineers
1,106 859 24 4 359 1,522 151 712

On leave
” ” ” ” ” 206 ” ”
--------------------------------------------------------------
Total
11,108 1,901 3,159 702 7,956 22,605 1,191 712
--------------------------------------------------------------

Montbrun, Ourem.

Reserve of cavalry 24 squadrons with artillery
2,729 2,871 1,486 1,466 178 4,533 4,337
-------------------------------------------------------------
Artillery, engineers, and equipage of the army
1,546 614 ” ” 283 2,090 614
-------------------------------------------------------------

9th Corps, Leiria.

Claparede, 15 battalions, Almeida
7,863 11 369 ” 432 8,714 ”

Couroux, 12 battalions, Leiria
7,592 27 447 ” 1,299 9,338 27

Fournier’s cavalry, 7 squadrons at Toro
1,698 1,591 60 67 114 1,872 1,658

Artillery and engineers, Ciudad Rodrigo
670 464 ” 72 742 ” 464
--------------------------------------------------------------
Total
17,823 2,093 876 139 2,637 19,924 2,149
--------------------------------------------------------------

_Note._--Salamanca constituted a government containing the towns of Alba de Tormes, Penaranda, and Salamanca, in which were deposited the sick men, stragglers, equipages, and depôts, of the army of Portugal. The total amounting to 2,354 men and 1,102 horses.

Present under arms.
Men. Horses.
General Total of the army of Portugal in the
position of Santarem 46,171 9,551
9th Corps 17,823 2,093
------ ------
63,994 11,644
Deduct troops of the 9th corps not in Portugal 10,231 2,066
------ ------
Real numbers under Massena 53,763 9,578
------ ------

Army of Portugal--1st April, 1811.

Under arms. Detached. Hosp. Effective. Horses.
Men. Horses. Men. Horses. Men. Men.

8th corps, Junot 13,448 ” 992 ” 5,719 20,159 ”
6th do. Marmont 13,984 ” 1,374 ” 1,576 16,934 ”
2d corps, Reynier 10,837 ” 1,350 ” 4,318 16,505 ”
Montbrun
{ Dragoon, 23 squadrons
{ 4,173 4,404 ” ” ” 4,173 4,404
{ Light cavalry, 14 squadrons
{ 3,636 3,906 ” ” 38 3,636 3,906
{ 1 squadron of gens-d’armes
{ 190 72 ” ” 5 102 72

Under arms. Detached. Hosp. Effective. Horses.
Men. Horses. Men. Horses. Men. Men.
Artillery and Engineers
{ Foot artillery. Almeida and Rodrigo
{ 936 ” ” ” 88 1,055 ”
{ Horse artillery
{ 410 425 ” ” 23 453 425
{ Artillery of the train
{ 2,181 2,378 ” ” 237 2,448 2,378
{ Workmen
{ 259 ” ” ” 25 295 ”
{ Engineers
{ 1,448 60 ” ” 140 1,623 ”
{ Military equipage
{ 596 897 ” ” 60 668 897
--------------------------------------------------
Total artilleries, engineers, &c.
5,969 3,335 ” ” 573 6,542 2,760
Total of infantry
37,269 ” 3,716 ” 11,613 53,598 ”
Total of cavalry
7,999 8,382 ” ” 43 7,911 8,382
---------------------------------------------------
General Total 51,237 11,717 3,716 ” 12,229 68,051 11,142
---------------------------------------------------

_Note._--In the imperial rolls there was no state of the army of Portugal for May. Two divisions of the 9th corps, directed to be added to the army of Portugal, are included in the state for April, and the prince of Esling was empowered to distribute the cavalry as he pleased, provided the brigade of general Fournier, from the 9th corps, was kept in the reserve. The detached men were in the government of Salamanca. On the 1st of June, however, the army of Portugal is returned as present under arms 44,548 men, 7,253 horses, and 4,620 men detached. Hence, I have estimated the number of fighting men and officers, including the imperial guards, at Fuentes Onoro at 45,000, a number, perhaps, too great, when the artificers, engineers, &c. are deducted.

SECTION 3.--ARMY OF THE SOUTH, SOULT, DUKE OF DALMATIA, COMMANDING.

Under arms. Detached. Hosp. Effective. Horses.
Men. Horses. Men. Horses. Men. Men. Cav. Draught.

1st of January 55,602 12,092 5,744 1,999 6,412 67,758 10,868 3,223
-------------------------------------------------------
15th May 75,133 13,124 3,915 1,336 11,420 90,468 12,156 2,304

Deduct the troops of the 9th corps in march from the north
11,917 1,619 ” ” ” 13,310 1,220 399
------------------------------------------------------
Real total of the army of the South
63,216 11,505 3,915 1,336 11,420 77,158 10,936 1,905
------------------------------------------------------

SECTION 4.

5th Corps, 15th January.

Under arms. Detached.
Men. Horses. Men. Horses.

18,766 6,158 3,035 640

16th December, 1810, le Duc de Dalmatie, va faire le siège de Badajos, avec tout le 5^{em} corps d’armée, 8 régimens de cavalerie formant 2,600 chevaux pris dans les l^{ere} et 5^{em} corps d’armée sous les orders de general Latour Maubourg, 900 hommes du 63^{em} regiment de ligne, 2 compagnies d’artillerie légère, 4 compagnies de sappeurs, 1 compagnie de mineurs, et trois escadrons de cavalerie Espagnols.