Chapter IV: Part 4

_Upper Side._ Antennæ pectinated and grey, being smallest at the
extremity, which is white. Head grey. Neck white. Thorax ash-coloured.
Abdomen pale yellow. Anterior wings ash-coloured next the shoulders, and
along the anterior and posterior edges; the remaining parts being nearly
transparent. Posterior wings singularly shaped; ash-coloured next the
body, but the anterior parts are subpellucid. On these parts is placed a
small triangular spot, of different colours when held in different
directions, in some being yellow, in others ash-coloured.

_Under Side._ Tongue curled up. Breast yellow. Sides and abdomen white.
Anterior wings appearing more pellucid than above. Anterior and external
edges white; and near the shoulders is placed a white oval spot on each.
Posterior wings ash-coloured, but round the edges are white; appearing to
be less pellucid than on the upper side. The triangular spot is scarcely
discernible on this side.

{55}PLATE XXIX.

SPHINX ACHEMON.

Plate XXIX. fig. 1.

ORDER: Lepidoptera. SECTION: Crepuscularia. FAMILY: Sphingidæ.

GENUS. SPHINX, _Auct._

SPHINX ACHEMON. Alis anticis griseo-fuscis maculis tribus marginalibus et
apicalibus brunneis, posticis roseis externe fuscis, maculis nigris
submarginalibus. (Expans. Alar. 4 unc. 3 lin.)

SYN. Sphinx Achemon, _Drury_, _Append. vol._ 2.

Sphinx Crantor? _Cramer_, _tab._ 104. _fig._ A. _Fabr. Ent. Syst._ 375.
58.

HABITAT: Jamaica.

_Upper Side._ Antennæ reddish ash-coloured. Head and thorax greyish
brown, with a large patch of a deep chocolate on each shoulder. Abdomen
grey brown, but lighter on the sides. Anterior wings, next the shoulders,
grey brown; but of a dark olive brown towards the tips and external
edges. Near the middle of the posterior edges is placed a large square
spot, of a deep chocolate colour: at the lower corners is a small
triangular one; and a third somewhat larger than the last at the tips.
Posterior wings rose-coloured next the shoulders and anterior edges, but
grey-brown along the external edges; having a short row of black spots
lying parallel thereto, and rising from the abdominal corners.

_Under Side._ Breast and abdomen grey brown, but lighter than on the
upper side. Wings rusty red, immaculate, except a dark border running
along the external edges; and also a faint narrow line crossing them,
from the anterior to the abdominal edges.

MACROGLOSSA PASSALUS.

Plate XXIX. fig. 2.

ORDER: Lepidoptera. SECTION: Crepuscularia. FAMILY: Sphingidæ, _Leach_.

GENUS. MACROGLOSSA, _Ochs._ Sesia P. _Fabr._ Sphinx P. _Drury_.

MACROGLOSSA PASSALUS. Alis anticis badio fuscis, in medio fasciâ latâ
pallidiori, posticis luteis margine lato fusco. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc.)

SYN. Sphinx Passalus, _Drury_, _App. vol._ 2.

Sphinx Pandora, _Fab. Ent. Syst._ III. 1. 380. _No._ 6.

HABITAT: China (_Drury_). India orientalis (_Fabricius_).

_Upper Side._ Antennæ brown, and thickest near their extremities. Head
and thorax greyish-brown, with a dark line running down the middle.
Abdomen red brown, with two yellow spots on each side. Tail broad and
hairy. Anterior wings, next the body, dark chocolate, occupying a third
part; next to this they are of a light red brown, growing darker as it
approaches the tips. Inferior wings yellow next the shoulders; the apical
half being of a fine dark chocolate.

_Under Side._ Head white. Tongue curled up. Breast and thighs yellow
clay-coloured. Legs, sides, and abdomen dark clay-coloured. Wings, next
the body, yellow clay-coloured; the remaining parts being red brown, with
a faint darker border along the external edges.

{56}GLAUCOPIS? PULCHRA.

Plate XXIX. fig. 3.

ORDER: Lepidoptera. SECTION: Crepuscularia? FAMILY: Zygænidæ.

GENUS. GLAUCOPIS, _Fabr. Latr._ Sphinx, _Drury_.

GLAUCOPIS PULCHRA. Alis anticis nigris, strigis sex fulvis; posticis
nigris basi fulvis; abdomine fulvo annulato. (Expans. Alar. 1 unc.)

SYN. Sphinx Pulchra, _Drury_, _App. vol._ 2.

HABITAT: China.

_Upper Side._ Antennæ black, and smallest at their extremities. Head
yellow. Thorax the same, streaked longitudinally with black. Abdomen
black, having one ring near the middle; the extremity of the tail being
yellow. Anterior wings black, with six yellow spots and streaks on each;
one streak being the longest, running parallel and near to the posterior
edge; another is placed on the edge itself. The space between these
streaks and the anterior edge is occupied by the remaining four spots;
the foremost being much narrower than the others. Posterior wings yellow
next the shoulders, with a broad black margin running along the external
edges.

_Under Side._ Tongue curled up. Breast and sides yellow. Legs black.
Thighs yellow. Abdomen yellow; the extremity black, with two yellow
rings. Wings as on the upper side, but the colours less brilliant.

SPHINX BRONTES.

Plate XXIX. fig. 4.

ORDER: Lepidoptera. SECTION: Crepuscularia. FAMILY: Sphingidæ.

GENUS. SPHINX, _Auct._

SPHINX BRONTES. Alis griseis puncto discoidali albido, strigisque
transversis undatis fuscis, posticis nigricantibus margine interno et ad
angulum ani pallidioribus. (Expans. Alar. 4 unc.)

SYN. Sphinx Brontes, _Drury_, _App. vol._ 2.

HABITAT: New York.

_Upper Side._ Antennæ white within, brown outside. Head and neck dark
brown. Thorax and abdomen grey; on the hinder part of the former are two
black spots, and on each ring of the latter are two small black streaks,
placed on its sides, down to the tail. Anterior wings grey, with a white
spot in the middle of each near the anterior edges, and a small white
cloud next the tips; having several curved and indented black lines
crossing them from the anterior to the posterior edges, some being faint,
others very distinct; cilia brown, spotted with white. Posterior wings
very dark brown; but along the abdominal edges and corners grey; cilia
white and brown.

_Under Side._ Breast white. Legs mottled. Abdomen white, with four
reddish spots placed along the middle. Anterior wings dark grey brown,
without any marks on them, except at the tips, where is placed a narrow
white streak joining to the anterior edges. Posterior wings dark grey
brown; but next the abdominal edges white, without any marks on them,
except two faint lines crossing them from the anterior edges to the
abdominal corners.

{57}PLATE XXX.

TRICHIUS (ARCHIMEDIUS) DELTA.

Plate XXX. fig. 1, natural size--fig. 2, magnified.

ORDER: Coleoptera. SECTION: Lamellicornes. FAMILY: Cetoniidæ, _MacLeay_.

GENUS. TRICHIUS, _Fabr._ Scarabæus P. _Drury_. SUBGENUS: Archimedius,
_Kirby in Zool. Journ. No._ 10.

TRICHIUS (ARCHIMEDIUS) DELTA. Thorace nigro, triangulo albo, elytris
testaceis puncto fusco. (Long. Corp. 5 lin.)

SYN. Scarabæus Delta, _Drury_, _App. vol._ 2. _Fabr. Syst. Ent. p._ 41.
7. _Syst. El._ II. _p._ 133. 14. (Trichius D.) _Oliv. Ent._ 1. 6. _p._
64. _t._ 11. _fig._ 107.

HABITAT: Virginia, North America.

Head rather large and quadrangular; black and cream-coloured on the upper
part, red brown near the mouth. Eyes large, black, and prominent. Antennæ
red brown. Thorax margined with cream colour, the extreme edge being
black; having a black circular patch thereon, and a cream-coloured
triangular mark within it. Scutellum cream, surrounded or edged with
black; having a black streak down its middle, and just below it the
suture is cream colour. Elytra dull orange, with a black spot near the
middle of each. Body and abdomen ash-coloured. Thighs and tibiæ tawny
orange. Tarsi 5-jointed; the hinder ones being remarkably long.

CHASMODIA? VIRENS.

Plate XXX. fig. 3.

ORDER: Coleoptera. SECTION: Lamellicornes. FAMILY: Rutelidæ, _MacLeay_.

GENUS. CHASMODIA? _MacLeay_. Cetonia P. _Fabr._ Scarabæus P. _Drury_.

CHASMODIA? VIRENS. Ferrugineo-flavescens, elytris virescentibus, sterno
cornuto. (Long. Corp. 1 unc. 3 lin.)

SYN. Scarabæus virens, _Drury_, _App. vol._ 2. _Herbst. Col._ III. _p._
162. _t._ 27. _f._ 2. (Melolontha v.)

Cetonia smaragdula, _Fabr. Syst. Eleuth._ II. _p._ 143. 44. _Syst. Ent.
p._ 45. _No._ 11. _Schon. Syn. Ins._ 3. 157. (Hoplia sm.)

HABITAT: South America, _Schonherr_. "America, Mus. Dr. Hunter"
(_Fabr._).

Head and thorax brown olive, the former margined. Elytra olive, not
covering the abdomen. Anus yellowish brown. Abdomen dark brown, the sides
and middle being lighter. Legs dirty olive. Sternum long, extending
beyond the fore legs. Tarsi short.

CETONIA (GNATHOCERA) AFRICANA.

Plate XXX. fig. 4.

ORDER: Coleoptera. SECTION: Lamellicornes. FAMILY: Cetoniidæ.

GENUS. CETONIA, _Fabricius_. Scarabæus P. _Drury_. SUBGENUS: Gnathocera,
_Kirby, Gory & Percheron_, (mon. Ceton.).

CETONIA (GNATHOCERA) AFRICANA. Ænea nitens, capitis spinâ incumbente,
sterno porrecto, elytris punctis nigris, striatis. (Long. Corp. 9 lin.)

SYN. Scarabæus Africanus, _Drury_, _App. vol._ 2. _Fabr. Syst. Ent. p._
48. 25. _Syst. El._ 2. _p._ 149. 73. (Cetonia Afr.) _Oliv. Ent._ 1. 6.
_p._ 31. _t._ 8. _f._ 70.

Cetonia Smaragdina, _Herbst. Col._ III. _p._ 258. 47. _t._ 32. _f._ 5.

HABITAT: Sierra Leone.

Entirely of a fine green colour, except the tarsi, which are black. The
colour, which is very brilliant, appears not to be reflected from the
surface, but seems as if covered with a fine transparent {58}varnish.
Head quadrangular, margined and furrowed. Thorax smooth and finely
polished. Scutellum large and triangular. Elytra slightly striated, with
punctures, and margined. Sternum long and slender. Tibiæ with two spurs.

This species, according to Mr. Smeathman, frequents flowers; thus resembling in its habits the British species of the family to which it belongs.

DYNASTES ÆGEON.

Plate XXX. fig. 5.

ORDER: Coleoptera. SECTION: Lamellicornes. FAMILY: Dynastidæ, _MacLeay_.

GENUS. DYNASTES, _MacLeay_. Geotrupes, _Fabr._ Scarabæus P. _Linn._
Scarabæus, _Latreille_.

DYNASTES ÆGEON. Rufus, thoracis cornu brevi incurvo subtus barbato,
capitis recurvo subulato. (Long. Corp. 1 unc. 6 lin.)

SYN. Scarabæus Ægeon, _Drury_, _App. vol._ 2. _Fabr. Ent. Syst. p._ 4.
_No._ 4. _Syst. Eleuth._ 1. _p._ 5. _No._ 8. (Geotrupes Æg.) _Oliv. Ent._
1. 3. _p._ 26. _No._ 26. _t._ 1. _f._ 4. _Jabl. Nat. Syst._ 1. _p._ 228.
_No._ 6. _t._ 1. _f._ 4. _Sch. Syn. Ins._ 1. _p._ 4. _No._ 13.

HABITAT: "In Indiis" (_Fabricius_). Peruvia (_Dejean._).

Head small and black, from whence springs a horn that bends towards the
body. Eyes red brown. Thorax red brown, with a black margin; having a
short thick horn issuing from it, that inclines towards the head: it has
also a faint black spot on each side. Scutellum black and triangular.
Elytra red brown; the margins and suture being black. Abdomen black,
covered with olive brown hairs. Legs black. Hinder and fore tibiæ with
three short spines, placed on the external part of each; and with two
spurs, those of the middle ones being shortest. Ungues having a single
hair issuing from between the hooks, forked at the end.

DYNASTES GERYON.

Plate XXX. fig. 6.

ORDER: Coleoptera. SECTION: Lamellicornes. FAMILY: Dynastidæ.

GENUS. DYNASTES, _MacLeay_. Geotrupes, _Fabr._ Scarabæus P. _Linn._

DYNASTES GERYON. Thorace excavato tricorni; lateralibus compressis
unidentatis; capitis recurvo sumplici. (Long. Corp. 1 unc. 7½ lin.)

SYN. Scarabæus Geryon, _Drury_, _App. vol._ 2. _Fabr. Syst. Ent._ 1. _p._
9. _No._ 21. _Syst. Eleuth._ 1. _p._ 11. _No._ 31. (Geotrupes G.)
_Schonh. Syn. Ins._ 1. _p._ 10. 41. _Oliv. Ent._ 1. 3. _p._ 30. _t._ 24.
_No._ 208.

HABITAT: "In Indiis" (_Fabr._).

Head small, and margined in front; being furnished with a single horn
that bends towards the thorax. Thorax margined, and dark brown (the
general colour of the insect); being armed with three remarkable horns,
whereof two are placed in front, one on each side; being very strong and
broad one way, but thin the other, and branched at their extremities. The
other horn is placed on the hinder part of the thorax, being short and
thick at bottom, but sharp and pointed at top; springing from a
protuberance that almost covers the escutcheon, which is small and
triangular. All these horns are immoveable, and their situations occasion
a most remarkable hollowness or cavity in the thorax, which {59}is smooth
and shining; but the protuberance, next the scutellum, is full of
punctures, and the edge notched. Elytra shining, punctured, and slightly
striated. Abdomen and legs red brown, and hairy; the hinder ones being
remarkably thick and strong, with two broad tibial spurs. The middle and
fore tibiæ are strongly dentated, each being furnished with a thick spur.
Anterior tibiæ with the first joint long and slender, but in the middle
and hinder tibiæ, exceeding thick and strong.

PLATE XXXI.

LAMIA (STERNOTOMIS) MIRABILIS.

Plate XXXI. fig. 1.

ORDER: Coleoptera. SECTION: Longicornes. FAMILY: Lamiidæ.

GENUS. LAMIA, _Fabr._ Cerambyx P. _Linn._ (SUBGENUS: Sternotomis,
_Perch._)

LAMIA (STERNOTOMIS) MIRABILIS. Nigra, thorace spinoso, antice fasciis,
elytris punctis viridibus, his basi mucronatis. (Long. Corp. 10½ lin.)

SYN. Cerambyx Mirabilis, _Drury_, _App. vol._ 2.

Lamia pulchra, _Fabr. Syst. Eleuth._ 2. 285. 25. _Syst. Ent._ 171. 6.
(nec C. pulchra, _Drury_, _vol._ 1. _t._ 32. _f._ 6.) _Oliv. Ent._ 488.
115. _t._ 22. _f._ 167.

HABITAT: Sierra Leone.

Varied with beautiful green and black colours, the former exceedingly
bright. Head green, with two others running downwards from the eyes. Jaws
with the upper part green, the extremities black, with four green palpi.
Antennæ black, ten-jointed, the basal joint being thickest. Thorax green,
with black streaks running round it, the sides terminating in an obtuse
point. Scutellum very small, black, and triangular. Elytra black and
margined, beautifully streaked and spotted with green: the former running
across the anterior part, the latter placed near the extremities. Abdomen
green, with black rings. Legs green, streaked with black. Tarsi green at
top, brown beneath.

LAMIA (AGAPHANTIA) BIPUNCTATA.

Plate XXXI. fig. 2.

ORDER: Coleoptera. SECTION: Longicornes. FAMILY: Lamiidæ.

GENUS. LAMIA, _Fabr._ Cerambyx P. _Linn._ (SUBGENUS: Agaphantia, _Serv._)

LAMIA (AGAPHANTIA) BIPUNCTATA. Grisea; thorace spinoso, frontis cornu
porrecto apice emarginato incurvo, elytris puncto nigro posticé flavo.
(Long. Corp. fere 1 unc. 3 lin.)

SYN. Cerambyx bipunctatus. _Drury_, _App. vol._ 2.

Lamia fronticornis, _Fabr. Sp. Ins._ 1. 216. 2. _Syst. Eleuth._ 2. 281.
3. _Oliv. Ent._ 4. 67. 79. 163. _t._ 8. _f._ 54.

Cerambyx notatus, _Voet. Col. Ed. Panz._ 3. 32. 46. _t._ 11. _f._ 46.

HABITAT: Sierra Leone.

General colour brownish grey. Head deep and grey; one of the sexes having
a remarkable thick and strong tubercle issuing from the middle of the
face, terminating in two black acute angles, like horns. Mouth armed with
two strong black jaws, and four grey palpi. Antennæ grey, and longer than
the insect. Thorax grey, the sides terminating in a thick spine; having a
broad, white streak crossing it on each side, and extending along the
abdomen, beyond the middle legs, narrowing to its extremity. Scutellum
small and triangular. Elytra grey and margined, having two round black
spots on each, the {60}largest placed about the middle near the suture;
the other (a small one) is on this side joined to the margin. A
cream-coloured spot is situated just below the former, which extends from
thence to the lateral margin. Legs grey, without any spines or marks.

LAMIA (ACANTHOCINUS) SPINOSA.

Plate XXXI. fig. 3.

_Order_: Coleoptera. SECTION: Longicornes. FAMILY: Lamiidæ.

GENUS. LAMIA, _Fabr._ Cerambyx P. _Linn._ (SUBGENUS: Acanthocinus,
_Meg._)

LAMIA (ACANTHOCINUS) SPINOSA. Fusca, griseo-variegata; thorace spinis
quatuor, elytrisque seriebus quatuor longitudinalibus spinarum. (Long.
Corp. 1 unc. 1½ lin.)

SYN. Cerambyx spinosus, _Drury_, _App. vol._ 2. _Sch. Syn. Ins._ 3. 381.
(Lamia s.)

HABITAT: (----? _Drury_). South America?

Head and antennæ brown, the latter about the length of the insect. Thorax
lighter brown and rough, terminating on the sides in two very long and
sharp spines, bending upwards; on the middle are two others that are more
obtuse and thick, with a small bump or rising behind them. Scutellum
black. Elytra brown on the middle and sides, but at their extremities
grey, terminating in two long spines. A row of small but sharp spines
runs on each side the suture, from the middle almost to the scutellum;
and along the sides runs another row from the anterior corners almost to
the extremities. Six others are placed on each side the scutellum,
running towards the middle in regular order; and on the remaining parts
of the wing cases are placed a great number of small pustules, that are
to be discerned only by the help of a microscope. Legs brown. Tibiæ
marked with grey.

LAMIA PUNCTATOR.

Plate XXXI. fig. 4.

ORDER: Coleoptera. SECTION: Longicornes. FAMILY: Lamiidæ.

GENUS. LAMIA, _Fabr._ Cerambyx P. _Linn._

LAMIA PUNCTATOR. Atra; elytris albo punctatis, antennis longis, thorace
spinoso. (Long. Corp. 1 unc. 3 lin.)

SYN. Lamia punctator, _Fabr. Sp. Ins._ 1. 221. 30. _Syst. Eleuth._ 2.
298. 95. _Oliv. Ent._ 4. 69. 88. _t._ 8. 50. _a. b._

Cerambyx chinensis, _Forster Cent. Ins._ 39.

Cerambyx farinosus, _Drury_, _App. vol._ 2. (nec _Linn. S. Nat._ 1. 2.
626.)

HABITAT: China.

General colour black. Head and antennæ black, the latter longer than the
insect; the seven last articulations being black and white. Thorax rough
and uneven at the top; the sides terminating in a thick, strong spine.
Scutellum small and grey. Elytra shining black; the anterior part being
rough with small pustules, having a number of small white spots sprinkled
all over them. Abdomen greyish. Legs black. Tarsi grey, the under-part
being brown.

{61}CERAMBYX (ROSALIA) ALPINA.

Plate XXXI. fig. 5.

ORDER: Coleoptera. SECTION: Longicornes. FAMILY: Cerambycidæ, _Leach_.

GENUS. CERAMBYX, _Linn. Drury_. (SUBGENUS: Rosalia, _Serville_.)

CERAMBYX (ROSALIA) ALPINA. Subcoerulescens, elytris fasciâ mediâ
maculisque quatuor atris. (Long. Corp. 1 unc. 3 lin.)

SYN. Cerambyx alpinus, _Linn. Fn. Su._ 654. _Syst. N._ 1. 2. _p._ 628.
35. _Fabr. Syst. Eleuth._ 2. 272. 30. _Panzer F. I. G._ 2. 22. _Serville
Ann. Soc. Ent. de France_, 2. 561. (Rosalia a.)

HABITAT: Hungary (_Drury_). The mountainous districts of Continental
Europe.

General colour beautiful blueish grey, partaking much of a lead colour.
Head grey. Eyes black. Antennæ longer than the insect, grey; the ends of
the first four joints having tufts of black hair surrounding them. Thorax
grey and cylindrical, with a small black spot at the top; the sides
having a short spine, and a little swelling beneath it. Scutellum small
and triangular. Elytra grey and margined, with three beautiful black
spots, like velvet, on each; the middle one being largest, and crossing
the wing cases entirely, the smaller one being placed near the anus. Legs
blueish grey, but at the tips of the femora and tibiæ black. Tarsi ash
grey at top, underneath brown.

PLATE XXXII.

CETONIA MARGINATA.

Plate XXXII. fig. 1.

ORDER: Coleoptera. SECTION: Lamellicornes. FAMILY: Cetoniidæ, _MacLeay_.

GENUS. CETONIA, _Fabricius_. Scarabæus P. _Drury_.

CETONIA MARGINATA. Glabra, atra, thoracis elytrorumque marginibus rufis.
(Long. Corp. 1 unc. 1½ lin.)

SYN. Scarabæus marginatus, _Drury_, _App. vol._ 2. _Fabr. Syst. Ent. p._
46. 15. _Syst. El._ II. _p._ 145. 50. (Cetonia m.) _Oliv. Ent._ 1. 6.
_p._ 26. _t._ 5. _f._ 34. _Palisot de Bauvois Ins. d'Afr. & d'Amer._ 1.
11. _p._ 27. _t._ 5. _f._ 1. & 2 _var. De Geer Ins._ iv. _t._ 19. _f._
10.

HABITAT: Sierra Leone.

Head small, squarish, and margined in front and the sides; shining black.
Thorax and elytra soot-coloured and velvety, being surrounded along the
sides with an orange border. Scutellum triangular, and rather large.
Abdomen and breast black. Sternum small. Abdominal scales small, but
distinct. Anterior tibiæ with three spurs, the others with two. Tarsal
joints spined within, excepting those belonging to the fore legs, which
are unarmed.

According to Mr. Smeathman, this beetle frequently settles on the thatch of houses, whence he is of opinion, that it is fond of dried palm leaves, "where it deposits its eggs." Afzelius however, who subsequently studied the Entomology and Botany of Sierra Leone with great attention, says, "Inveni hanc speciem in Sierra Leona mensibus Aprilis et præcipue Majo copiose in Cassia rugosa, mihi, et in foliis Ficus oblongæ, mihi. Eam in Jatropha Curcas (non autem Gorcas, ut ait Fabricius) nunquam observare licuit. Mas abdomine subtus medio sulcato, femina medio convexo." (Schonh. Syn. Ins. iii. p. 128.)

{62}MELOLONTHA OCCIDENTALIS.

Plate XXXII. fig. 2.

ORDER: Coleoptera. SECTION: Lamellicornes. FAMILY: Melonthidæ, _MacLeay_.

GENUS. MELOLONTHA, _Fabricius, &c._ Scarabæus P. _Linnæus_.

MELOLONTHA OCCIDENTALIS. Testaceus, thorace pubescente, elytris lineis
quatuor parallelis, albis. (Long. Corp. 1 unc. 1½ lin.)

SYN. Scarabæus occidentalis, _Linn. Syst. Nat._ 1. 11. _p._ 555. 62.
_Herbst. Col._ III. _p._ 72. 19. _t._ 23. _f._ 8. _Sch. Syn. Ins._ 3.
169. 16. (Melolontha occ.) (Excl. Syn. _Fabricius_.) _De Jean Cat. Col.
Ed._ 2. _p._ 159.

HABITAT: Jamaica (_Drury_). Carolina (_Linn._).

Head red brown, squarish, and margined, covered with short grey hairs.
Thorax red brown, covered with short grey hairs, and with a white streak
crossing it in the middle. Scutellum small, white, and triangular. Elytra
red brown and margined, each being marked with three longitudinal white
lines; one placed near the lateral margin, the other two in the middle.
Suture white. Anus extending beyond the wing cases. Abdomen red brown,
with grey rings. Legs red brown. The anterior tibiæ are furnished with
three spurs, one sharp and small, the others thick and blunt. The other
tibiæ are furnished with two sharp spurs. Ungues having an immoveable
smaller one between them, and also two small spines, like hairs,
springing from its root or base.

GOLIATHUS MICANS.

Plate XXXII. fig. 3.

ORDER: Coleoptera. SECTION: Lamellicornes. FAMILY: Cetoniidæ.

GENUS. GOLIATHUS, _de Lamarck_. Cetonia P. _Fabr._ Scarabæus P. _Drury_.

GOLIATHUS MICANS. Viridis nitens, clypeo porrecto recurvo bifido, tibiis
anticis internè serratis. (Long. Corp. 1 unc. 9 lin.)

SYN. Scarabæus Micans, _Drury_, _App. vol._ 2. _Fabr. Syst. Ent. p._ 42.
_No._ 1. (Cetonia m.) _Syst. El._ II. _p._ 136. 6. _Oliv. Ent._ 1. 6.
_t._ 1. _f._ 2. _a. b. Herbst. Col._ III. _p._ 201. 3. _t._ 28. _f._ 3.
_Guérin. Icon. R. An. Ins._ _pl._ 26. _f._ 5. _Gory & Percheron Mon.
Ceton. pl._ 25. _f._ 1.

HABITAT: Calabar, on the West Coast of Africa, about 5 or 6° North Lat.
(_Drury_). Senegal (_Gory_).

Head green and nearly square; the surface irregular and uneven. The
corners are pointed, forming two black obtuse angles. From the front of
the head issues a small black and thick protuberance, like a horn, that
divides into two branches, each of which terminates in a sharp point. All
the remaining parts, except the tarsi, are of a fine lively green,
differing in shades according to the manner in which it is held to the
light; and appearing to be so highly polished, that the colour seems
reflected from a part beneath the surface. Scutellum large and
triangular. Sternum small. Abdominal scales small and close. The fore
legs are very long and slender, the tibiæ being dentated. Elytra having
two small swellings near their extremities, and furnished at the suture
with two short thick spines; the anus extending beyond them. Anterior
tarsi having a small tuft of brown hair placed on the last joints, next
the ungues.

{63}HOPLIA COERULEA.

Plate XXXII. fig. 4.

ORDER: Coleoptera. SECTION: Lamellicornes. FAMILY: Melolonthidæ,
_MacLeay_.

GENUS. HOPLIA, _Illiger_. Melolontha p. _Fabricius_. Scarabæus p.
_Drury_.

HOPLIA COERULIA. Supra coeruleo, subtus argenteo-squamosa nitens, clypeo
integro. (Long. Corp. circ. 5 lin.)

SYN. Scarabæus coeruleus, _Drury_, _App. vol._ 2. _Herbst. Col._ III.
_p._ 121. 73.

Scarabæus farinosus, _Linn. Syst. Nat._ 1. 2. 555.

Melolontha farinosa, _Fabr. Ent. Syst. p._ 38. 31. _Syst. Eleuth._ II.
177. 29. _Panzer Faun. Ins. Germ._ 28. 16. _Guérin Icon. R. An. Ins. t._
25. (Hoplia far.)

Melolontha squamosa, _Olivier Ent._ 1. 5. _p._ 66. 90. _t._ 2. _f._ 14.
a. c. (nec. _Fabr._)

Hoplia formosa, _Latr. Gen. Cr. & Ins._ 2. _p._ 116. 2. _Schon. Syn.
Ins._ 3. 158. (errore typic. pro farinosa.)

HABITAT: South of Europe, France (_Drury_).

All the upper parts of this insect are of a beautiful brilliant sky blue.
The under parts are of a silvery pale green. Head somewhat quadrangular,
and margined. Thorax and upper parts covered with a short fine down or
hair. Scutellum triangular. Elytra margined, and at their extremities
having two tubercles, the anus extending beyond them. All the under parts
are covered with short hair, like down, of a silvery green colour.
Abdominal scales large and distinct. Sternum not produced. Tarsi red
brown, the posterior having only a single unguis.

Taken in the greatest profusion near Sevres by M. A. Gory.

CETONIA CORDATA.

Plate XXXII. fig. 5.

ORDER: Coleoptera. SECTION: Lamellicornes. FAMILY: Cetoniidæ.

GENUS. CETONIA, _Fabricius, &c._ Scarabæus p. _Linn. &c._

CETONIA CORDATA. Testacea, thorace lineis punctisque duobus, elytris
maculis quatuor transversis nigris. (Long. Corp. 9 lin.)

SYN. Scarabæus cordatus, _Drury_, _App. vol._ 2. (1773).

Cetonia olivacea, _Fabr. Syst. Ent. p._ 47. 26. _Syst. El._ II. _p._ 147.
59. _Oliv. Ent._ 16. _p._ 37. 41. _t._ 8. _f._ 69. a.

Cetonia Tigris, _Herbst. Col._ III. _p._ 243. 30. _t._ 30. _f._ 8.

HABITAT: New York.

Head sooty black, having a cordate mark of a dark orange brown colour.
Thorax orange brown, with two black marks crossing it, and a black
lateral spot. Scutellum triangular and orange brown. Elytra orange brown,
with four black bars, of different shapes, crossing them, and reaching
almost from side to side; the first being situated next the thorax, and
interrupted by the escutcheon, the margin and suture being black. Anus
extending beyond the wing cases. Abdomen orange brown, with small black
rings. Sternum short and yellow. Abdominal scales small and close. Legs
orange brown.

Mr. Smeathman informed Mr. Drury that this insect, in its natural state, is black and yellow, and not black and orange-brown, as described above; its yellow colour soon fading after death, so that it seldom arrives in Europe in its natural colours.

{64}PLATE XXXIII.

BARIDIUS? OVALIS.

Plate XXXIII. fig. 1. natural size--2. magnified.

ORDER: Coleoptera. SECTION: Rhyncophora. FAMILY: Curculionidæ. SUBFAMILY:
Cholides.

GENUS. BARIDIUS? _Schonherr._ Baris, _Germar_, _Dejean_. Curculio p.
_Drury_.

BARIDIUS? OVALIS. Fuscus, thoracis marginibus, elytrorumque basi et
maculis quatuor lateralibus transversis albidis. (Long. Corp. lin. 5.)

SYN. Curculio ovalis, _Drury, App. vol._ 2. (Exclus. Syn. _Linn._)

HABITAT: Jamaica (_Drury_).

Head small, round, and black, being furnished with a beak as long as the
thorax. Antennæ inserted near the end of the beak, consisting apparently
of nine articulations, that next the beak being longest. Thorax dark
brown, the sides cream-coloured. Elytra dark brown, with three large
cream spots on each, placed lengthways. Legs black, with cream spots and
hairs on them. Each of the femora is furnished with a single spine.

Drury has incorrectly given this West Indian insect as identical with the northern European species, Curculio ovalis of Linnæus. Not having seen the insect I place it in the genus Baridius with doubt; it seems also somewhat allied to Ameris Pavo.

CALANDRA SERRIROSTRIS [female]?

Plate XXXIII. fig. 3.

ORDER: Coleoptera. SECTION: Rhyncophora. FAMILY: Curculionidæ. SUBFAMILY:
Calandrides.

GENUS. CALANDRA, _Fabr._ Rhyncophorus, _Herbst_. Curculio p. _Linn._

CALANDRA SERRIROSTRIS [female]? Obscura rufa; thorace lineis duabus
magnis dorsalibus, elytris substriatis. (Long. Corp. rostro incl. 2 unc.
6 lin.)

SYN. Calandra serrirostris [male]? _Fabr. Syst. Eleuth._ 2. 429. _Oliv.
Ins._ 83. _tab._ 17. _f._ 211.

Curculio longipes, _Drury, Append. vol._ 2. (nec. _Fabr. Syst._ Ent. 2.
395.)

HABITAT: Island of Johanna, near Madagascar.

General colour dark red brown. Head as long as the thorax, terminating in
a slender beak, three-fourths of an inch long. Antennæ apparently
8-jointed, that next the head being nearly as long as all the rest.
Thorax marked longitudinally, with four black stripes or bars. Scutellum
very narrow and triangular. Elytra marked longitudinally with several
black narrow striæ, and are shorter than the abdomen. Legs very long,
especially the anterior pair. Tibiæ with sharp hook-like spurs, those of
the fore-legs being longer than the rest.

The insect described by Fabricius under the name adopted above is distinguished from that here figured, by having the "Rostrum porrectum, rectum, dorso apice serratum, dente elevato compresso." Its habitat is also distinct, being from Java. It may possibly be a male, and that figured by Drury a female.

{65}PREPODES? CAMELEON var.

Plate XXXIII. fig. 4.

ORDER: Coleoptera. SECTION: Rhyncophora. FAMILY: Curculionidæ, SUBFAMILY:
Brachyderides.

GENUS. PREPODES, _Sch_.? Chlorima, _Dej._ Curculio p. _Drury_.

PREPODES? CAMELEON, VAR. Obscure aureo-cupreus, elytris striatis. (Long.
Corp. 1 unc. 1½ lin.)

SYN. Prepodes? Cameleon, _Sch. Syn. Ins. Curc._ 2. 18. 4. var. [Greek:
b]. _Fabr. Syst. El._ 2. 532. 147. (Curcul. c.) _Herbst. Col._ vi. _p._
115. _No._ 77. _t._ 67. _f._ 8.

Curculio rufescens, _Drury, App. vol._ 2. _Herbst. Col. t._ 67. _f._ 9.

HABITAT: Jamaica.

General colour dull golden copper. Head as long as the thorax, resembling
a beak. Scutellum very small. Elytra slightly striated, terminating at
their extremities like the end of a boat. Tibiæ slightly hairy.

PREPODES? CAMELEON var.

Plate XXXIII. fig. 5.

ORDER: Coleoptera. SECTION: Rhyncophora. FAMILY: Curculionidæ. SUBFAMILY:
Brachyderides.

GENUS. PREPODES, _Sch._? Chlorima, _Dej._ Curculio p. _Drury_.

PREPODES? CAMELEON VAR. Capite thoraceque nigris, hoc subtus
aureo-viridi, elytris nigris suturâ punctisque aureo-viridibus. (Long.
Corp. 1 unc. 1 lin.)

SYN. Prepodes? Cameleon, _Schon. loc. cit. supr._ var. [Greek: g] _Fabr.
Syst. El._ 2. 532. 147. (Curcul. c.) _Herbst. Col._ vi. _p._ 115. _No._
77. _t._ 67. _f._ 8.

Curculio similis, _Drury, App. vol._ 2. _Herbst. Col. t._ 67. _f._ 10.

HABITAT: Jamaica.

Head black, and long, resembling a beak. Thorax black at top, but
underneath of a fine golden green. Scutellum very small. Elytra black,
speckled with golden green. Suture golden green. Abdomen black, the sides
golden green. Legs black. Thighs plain and smooth.

PLATE XXXIV.

ENTIMUS IMPERIALIS (THE DIAMOND BEETLE).

Plate XXXIV. fig. 1.

ORDER: Coleoptera. SECTION: Rhyncophora. FAMILY: Curculionidæ. SUBFAMILY:
Entimides.

GENUS. ENTIMUS, _Germar_. Curculio, _Linn. Latr. &c._

ENTIMUS IMPERIALIS. Oblongo ovatus; niger, thorace lineâ dorsali
viridi-argenteâ impresso; elytris regulariter sat rude punctato-striatis,
punctis squamulis viridi-aureis repletis, interstitiis angustis,
subcostatis denudatis. (Long. Corp. 1 unc. 3 lin.)

SYN. Curculio imperialis, _Forster, Cent. Ins. p._ 34. _Drury, App. vol._
2. _Fabr. Syst. El._ 2 _p._ 508. 3. _Oliv. Ent._ 5. 83. _p._ 293. _t._ 1.
_f._ a. b. c. _Schon. Syn. Ins. Curcul._ 1. 455. 2.

HABITAT: Brazil.

Head black, and covered with minute scales, of a beautiful golden green
colour, forming two longitudinal black streaks, and three green ones.
From this part proceeds a thick short beak, streaked with black and
green. Antennæ black. Thorax golden green, with two broad longitudinal
black lines on the {66}top, and a narrow green one between them; the
green colour being thickly beset with small black spots. Scutellum very
small and green. Elytra next the thorax, almost quadrangular, narrowing
to their extremities, the ground colour being black and shining, and
ornamented with a great number of small round hollow punctures, or dents,
of a golden green, which are smaller on the sides and extremities than
the top, being regularly placed in grooves, so as to compose not less
than eleven striæ (including the suture) on each elytron. Abdomen green,
with silvery rings. Legs black, and covered with green hairs; the thighs
being plain. Tarsi brown underneath.

RHINA BARBIROSTRIS [female].

Plate XXXIV. fig. 2.

ORDER: Coleoptera. SECTION: Rhyncophora. FAMILY: Curculionidæ. SUBFAMILY:
Rhyncophorides, _Sch._

GENUS. RHINA, _Latreille_. Curculio, _Drury_.

RHINA BARBIROSTRIS. Nigricans; thorace rotundato tuberculato, elytris
striatis et punctatis; tibiis anticis subtus 4-dentatis. (Long. Corp. 1
unc. 3 lin.)

SYN. Curculio barbirostris, _Fabr. Ent. Syst._ 2. 418. 105. _Latreille
Gen. Crust. &c._ 2. 269. (Rhina barb.) [male].

Curculio niger, _Drury, App. vol._ 2. [female].

Rhina verrirostris, _Illiger_, [female]

HABITAT: The Island of Johanna, near Madagascar.

General colour black. Head short and round, terminating in a small narrow
beak, almost the length of the thorax; in the middle of which are placed
the antennæ. Eyes entirely surrounding the head, meeting at top and
underneath. Thorax round and rough, being full of small tubercles; having
a posterior margin. Scutellum small and triangular. Elytra striated, full
of small punctures or holes, and covering the anus. Femora smooth.
Anterior tibiæ furnished with four teeth, the hinder ones with three.
Tarsi brown beneath.

The male has the rostrum more elongated and furnished with long hairs, somewhat like a bottle brush. It is figured by Olivier, Entomol. Vol. 5. Charans, pl. 4. f. 37. a. b.

BRACHYCERUS ORNATUS.

Plate XXXIV. fig. 3.

ORDER: Coleoptera. SECTION: Rhyncophora. FAMILY: Curculionidæ. SUBFAMILY:
Brachycerides.

GENUS. BRACHYCERUS, _Fabr._ Curculio, _Linn. &c._

BRACHYCERUS ORNATUS. Ovatus, niger thoracis dorso valde inæquali
sculpturato, spinâ laterali obtusâ tuberculatâ, elytris seriatim
tuberculatis, interjectis maculis subimpressis rotundatis ferrugineo
squamosis, femoribus puncto rufo-squamoso. (Long. Corp. 1 unc. 9 lin.)

SYN. Curculio ornatus, _Drury, App. vol._ 2.

Brachycerus apterus, _Herbst. Col._ 7. _p._ 75. _No._ 1. _t._ 101. _f._
1.

Brachycerus granosus, _Schonherr Syn. Ins. Curcul._ 1. _p._ 387. _No._
2.?

HABITAT: (----? _Drury_). Cape of Good Hope (_Schonherr_).

Head very short and entirely occupied by the eyes, which are black and
meet underneath. From this part issues a strong thick beak, black and
rough, with the antennæ placed in the middle; the upper part being full
of small holes or punctures. Thorax dark red, with a number of black
excrescences on {67}the middle and sides; the latter ending in two thick
pointed tubercles. Scutellum obsolete. Elytra dark red, and full of black
round tubercles, some very small, others larger, placed longitudinally in
striæ, extending so low along the sides, as nearly to meet underneath.
Legs black and full of punctures. Thighs streaked with red. Tarsi brown
underneath.

HIPPORHINUS? MURICATUS.

Plate XXXIV. fig. 4.

ORDER: Coleoptera. SECTION: Rhyncophora. FAMILY: Curculionidæ, SUBFAMILY:
Entimides?

GENUS. HIPPORHINUS, _Schonherr_. Curculio p. _Drury_.

HIPPORHINUS? MURICATUS. Fuscus; thorace cylindrico nigro-pustulato;
elytris marginatis, striatis, interstitiis tuberculis elevatis rotundatis
seriatim dispositis; femoribus ad apicem dente magno obtuso armatis.
(Long. Corp. 9 lin.)

SYN. Curculio muricatus, _Drury_, _App. vol._ 2.

HABITAT: Bay of Honduras, America (_Drury_).

Head small. Eyes entirely surrounding the head, meeting underneath and at
top. Beak long, black, and slender, the antennæ being placed near the
extremity. Thorax brown, cylindrical, and covered with a great number of
small black pustules. Scutellum triangular. Elytra brown, margined, and
striated or furrowed; being thick beset with a great number of high,
round pustules, regularly placed in rows from the thorax to the anus;
some being large, others very small. Femora furnished near the tips with
a thick obtuse spine. Tibiæ with a single smaller spur.

SAGRA FEMORATA.

Plate XXXIV. fig. 5.

ORDER: Coleoptera. SECTION: Eupoda. FAMILY: Crioceridæ, _Leach_.

GENUS. SAGRA, _Fabricius_. Tenebrio p. _Drury_.

SAGRA FEMORATA. Viridi-ænea, femoribus tibiisque posticis dentatis.
(Long. Corp. 1 unc.)

SYN. Tenebrio femoratus, _Drury_, _App. vol._ 2. _Fabr. Mant._ 1. _p._
66. (Alurnus f.) _Syst. Eleuth._ 2. 26. 1. (Sagra f.) _Herbst. Col._ 7.
266. _t._ 112. _f._ 6. _Weber Obs. Ent. p._ 60. 1.

Tenebrio viridis, _Sulzer Gesch. der Ins. t._ 7. _f._ 8.

HABITAT: (----? _Drury_). India (_Fabricius_).

General colour golden, blueish, green. Head small, flat, and square, with
four palpi. Antennæ black, the two terminal joints being larger and
longer than the rest. Thorax about twice the breadth of the head, and a
third part longer, not cylindrical, but flattish and smooth. Scutellum
small and triangular. Elytra twice the breadth of the thorax, smooth and
margined. Thighs thick and strong, the hinder ones having a short thick
obtuse spine placed near the tips. Posterior tibiæ long, thin, and
grooved underneath, thickest next the tips, where are placed three short
and strong spines, one in the middle, the others on the sides. Tarsi very
flat and brown underneath.

{68}PLATE XXXV.

LAMIA (POLYRHAPHIS) CANCRIFORMIS.

Plate XXXV. fig. 1. (or the upper figure).

ORDER: Coleoptera. SECTION: Longicornes. FAMILY: Lamiidæ.

GENUS. LAMIA, _Fabr._ Cerambyx, _Linn._ (SUBGENUS: Polyrhaphis, _Serv._)

LAMIA (POLYRHAPHIS) CANCRIFORMIS. Thorace multidentato; dorso plano,
elytris pustulatis, tibiisque anticis unidentatis. (Long. Corp. fere 1
unc.)

SYN. Cerambyx cancriformis, _Fabr. Sp. Ins._ 1. 209. 4. _Syst. Ent._ 165.
4. _Syst. Eleuth._ 2. 289. 40. (Lamia c.)

Cerambyx pustulatus, _Drury_, _App. vol._ 2.

HABITAT: Jamaica.

General colour grey brown. Head furnished with strong mandibles. Antennæ
(with the basal joint very thick) much longer than the insect. Thorax
rough, gibbous, and full of small pustules, two of which form an obtuse
spine on the sides. Scutellum small and triangular. Elytra margined, and
full of small pustules, having two spines fixed at their extremity, near
the suture. Fore-legs long. Tibiæ with a single spur. Femora clavate.

LAMIA (MONOCHAMUS) DENTATOR?

Plate XXXV. fig. 2. (or the left-hand figure).

ORDER: Coleoptera. SECTION: Longicornes. FAMILY: Lamiidæ.

GENUS. LAMIA, _Fabr._ Cerambyx, _Linn. &c._ (SUBGENUS: Monochamus,
_Meg._)

LAMIA (MONOCHAMUS) DENTATOR. Thorace spinoso, fusco cinereoque varia.
(Long. Corp. 1 unc. 1½ lin.)

_Syn._ Lamia dentator, _Fabr. Syst. El._ 2. _p._ 294. 70. _Haworth in
Ent. Trans._ 1. _t._ 1?

Cerambyx carolinensis, _Oliv. Ent._ 4. 67. _p._ 85. _t._ 12. _f._ 88.?

Cerambyx notatus, _Drury_, _App. vol._ 2.

HABITAT: See Observation below.

Head grey brown. Antennæ grey brown, and about the length of the insect.
Palpi four, and just above the mouth are placed, on each side the head,
two protuberances. Thorax grey brown, dappled with black; having on each
side a short thick spine. Scutellum small and triangular. Elytra grey
brown, dappled with small black streaks, and extending beyond the anus.
Abdomen, breast and legs grey brown, like the rest of the insect.

The insect figured by Drury is stated to have been received from Norway. No Longicorn beetle, corresponding with Drury's insect has been ascertained to be a native of that country, or indeed of Europe. Hence, as this figure very nearly corresponds with the American Lamia dentator of Fabricius, I am inclined to believe that Drury's specimen had been imported from North America, in the same manner as the specimen described and figured by Mr. Haworth in the Transactions of the former Entomological Society, and which was taken near London. I have, however, marked the synonyms with doubt, this figure having been overlooked by all subsequent authors.

{69}ELATER AURATUS.

Plate XXXV. fig. 3.

ORDER: Coleoptera. SECTION: Serricornes. FAMILY: Elateridæ, _Leach_.

GENUS. ELATER, _Linn. &c._

ELATER AURATUS. Cyaneo aut viridi-nitidus subtus cupreus, elytris
acuminatis. (Long. Corp. 1 unc. 9 lin.)

SYN. Elater auratus, _Drury_, _App. vol._ 2. (1773). _Linn. Syst. Nat._
(_Gmel._) 1. iv. 19. 14.

Elater fulgens, _Fabr. Ent. Syst._ 1. 11. _p._ 220. 22. 17. (1792.)
_Syst. Eleuth._ II. 226. _Oliv. Ent._ 2. 31. 12. _t._ 4. _f._ 43.
_Herbst. Col._ ix. _p._ 343. _t._ 158. _f._ 12.

HABITAT: China.

Head green. Antennæ black, and shorter than the thorax; having at each
joint some short hairs. Thorax green, and margined, appearing as if
finely polished; the hinder corners being pointed, and forming obtuse
angles. Scutellum round and shining. Elytra likewise green, shining, and
margined; their extremities terminating in two sharp points. Under side
shining green, except the tarsi, which are black.

This beautiful insect may be regarded as the most brilliant species belonging to the family, Elateridæ, the majority of which are of dull and uniform colours, thus affording a strong contrast to the splendid family of Buprestidæ, to which they are very nearly allied. The family Elateridæ are all, as Drury observes, provided with an instrument which extends along the breast, about the thickness of the thighs, to the abdomen, where the end of it is received into a groove, forming a spring, by which the creature, when laid on its back, can jump to a considerable height, from which circumstance it has received the name of Elater.

LAMIA (ACANTHODERES) ARANEIFORMIS.

Plate XXXV. fig. 4. (or the bottom figure).

ORDER: Coleoptera. SECTION: Longicornes. FAMILY: Lamiidæ.

GENUS. LAMIA, _Fabr._ Cerambyx p. _Linn._ (SUBGENUS: Acanthoderes,
_Serv._)

LAMIA (ACANTHODERES) ARANEIFORMIS. Thorace spinoso tuberculatoque elytris
porosis, maculâ marginali fuscâ, antennis longis. (Long. Corp. fere 1
unc.)

SYN. Cerambyx araneiformis, _Linn. Syst. Nat._ 1. 2. 625. _Oliv. Ent._ 4.
67. 64. _t._ 5. _f._ 34. _Fabricius Syst. Eleuth._ 2. 288. 37. (Lamia a.)
_Sloane Hist. Jamaica_, 2. 209. 19. 2. _t._ 237. _f._ 24. _Serville Ann.
Soc. Ent. Fr._ 1835. 30. (Acanthoderes a.)

HABITAT: Antigua (_Drury_). "In America Meridionali" (_Fabr._).

Head dark brown. Antennæ longer than the insect; the sixth joint being
furnished with a small tuft of hairs. Thorax brown, very rough and
uneven, occasioned by the many bumps or swellings on it; two of which,
like thick spines, are situated on the sides. Scutellum small. Elytra
brown, and full of small pustules. In the middle are two oblong black
streaks, placed next the suture. Legs brown, femora very thick. Tarsi
yellow underneath, and pilose; those of the fore-legs being very hairy.

{70}PLATE XXXVI.

BLATTA NIVEA.

Plate XXXVI. fig. 1.

ORDER: Orthoptera. SECTION: Cursoria. FAMILY: Blattidæ, _Leach_.

GENUS. BLATTA, _Linn. &c._

BLATTA NIVEA. Alba, capite antennisque flavis thoracis dorso margineque
interno elytrorum flavescentibus. (Long. Corp. lin. 12.)

SYN. Blatta Nivea, _Linn. Syst. Nat._ 1. 2. _De Geer Ins._ 3. _t._ 44.
_f._ 10. _Herbst. Arch. t._ 49. _f._ 8. _Fabr. Ent. Syst._ 2. _p._ 8.

HABITAT: New York (_Drury_). "In America insulis" (_Fabr._).

Head and antennæ yellow. Thorax and abdomen pale green. Wings and
wing-cases of a transparent white; the latter having a yellow streak on
the anterior margin, which seems to extend along the margin of the
thorax. Legs, and the under side of the abdomen, pale yellowish green.

The family Blattidæ, corresponding with the Linnæan genus Blatta, may be regarded as containing one of the most obnoxious assemblages of our insect enemies. Of this family, this and the two following figures represent different species. The observations upon the economy of this family, published by our author in the preface to this work, present the most complete account of the ravages and obnoxious qualities of this tribe which has hitherto been published. They are as follows:--

"The _cock-roaches_ are another race of pestiferous beings, equally noisome and mischievous to natives or strangers, but particularly to collectors. These nasty and voracious insects fly out in the evenings, and commit monstrous depredations; they plunder and erode all kinds of victuals, drest and undrest, and damage all sorts of clothing, especially those which are touched with powder, pomatum, and similar substances; every thing made of leather, books, paper, and various other articles, which, if they do not destroy, at least they soil, as they frequently deposit a drop of their excrement where they settle, and some way or other, by that means damage what they cannot devour. They fly into the flame of candles, and sometimes into the dishes; are very fond of ink and of oil, into which they are apt to fall and perish. In this case they soon turn most offensively putrid, so that a man might as well sit over the cadaverous body of a large animal, as write with the ink in which they have died. They often fly into persons' faces or bosoms, and their legs being armed with sharp spines, the pricking excites a sudden horror not easily described. In old houses they swarm by myriads, making every part filthy beyond description wherever they harbour, which in the day time is in dark corners, behind all sorts of clothes, in trunks, boxes, and, in short, every place where they can lie concealed. In old timber and deal houses, when the family is retired at night to sleep, this insect, among other disagreeable properties, has the power of making a noise which very much resembles a pretty smart knocking with the knuckle upon the wainscotting. The Blatta Gigantea of Linnæus in the West Indies are therefore frequently known by the name of Drummers. Three or four of these noisy creatures will sometimes be impelled to answer one another, and cause {71}such a drumming noise, that none but those who are very good sleepers can rest for them. What is most disagreeable, those who have not gauze curtains are sometimes attacked by them in their sleep. The sick and dying have their extremities attacked, and the ends of the toes and fingers of the dead are frequently stripped of both skin and flesh."

BLATTA (BLABERUS) GIGANTEA?

Plate XXXVI. fig. 2.

ORDER: Orthoptera. SECTION: Cursoria. FAMILY: Blattidæ.

GENUS. BLATTA, _Linn. &c._ (SUBGENUS: Blaberus, _Serville_.)

BLATTA (BLABERUS) GIGANTEA? Livida, thoracis clypeo maculâ quadratâ
fuscâ, capite ferrugineo, elytris vittâ fuscâ longitudinali. (Long. Corp.
cum elytris 2 unc. 3 lin.)

SYN. Blatta Gigantea? _Linn. Syst. Nat._ 1. 2. _p._ 687. 1. _Fabr. Ent.
Syst._ 2. 6. 1. _Serville Revis. Orthopt. p._ 11. 1. _Oliv. Encyl. No._
1.

HABITAT: Jamaica (_Drury_). America, Asia (_Fabricius_). Cayenne
(_Serville_).

Head red brown, and withdrawn under the thorax, which covers it like a
hood. Antennæ brown, and shorter than the body. Thorax thin like a scale,
and of a dusky livid colour, the middle being brown, almost black. Wings
and wing-cases livid and thin; the latter having a brown streak, half an
inch long, running from the shoulders along the middle. Abdomen brown,
with two points at the extremity. Legs brown, the shins being full of
spines.

Fabricius, Serville, &c. have referred this figure to the Linnæan Blatta gigantea, with the description of which it indeed corresponds; although, as Drury observed, it is considerably smaller than that species. Drury states that this is one of the species which is very frequent in houses in the West Indies, and is called the Drummer, from the noise it makes by beating against the wainscot.

BLATTA (POLYPHAGA) ÆGYPTIACA?

Plate XXXVI. fig. 3.

ORDER: Orthoptera. SECTION: Cursoria. FAMILY: Blattidæ.

GENUS. BLATTA, _Linn. &c._ (SUBGENUS: Polyphaga, _Brullé_.)

BLATTA (POLYPHAGA) ÆGYPTIACA? Obscurè fusca, thoracis margine antico
elytrorumque margine externo basali albidis. (Expans. Alar. 1 unc. 9 lin.
fere.)

SYN. Blatta Ægyptiaca? _Linn. Syst. Nat._ 1. 2. 687. 2. _Gronov. Zooph._
637. _t._ 15. _f._ 3. _Ahrens Fauna Ins. Eur. f._ 1. _tab._ 13. _Fabr.
Ent. Syst._ 2. _p._ 6.

HABITAT: Jamaica (_Drury_). Egypt (_Linnæus_).

Head and antennæ dark brown. Thorax dark brown, and surrounded, except on
the hinder side, with a cream-coloured margin. Wings and wing-cases brown
and thin, the latter having a cream-coloured streak along the anterior
margin, about a quarter of an inch long. Abdomen and legs brown. The
thighs and tibiæ being furnished with many spines.

{72}I have added a mark of doubt to the specific denomination of this insect on account of the different habitats given by Drury and Linnæus, although it agrees with the description of Blatta Ægyptiaca given by the latter author.

PENTATOMA FLAVICOLLIS.

Plate XXXVI. fig. 4.

ORDER: Hemiptera. SUBORDER: Heteroptera. SECTION: Geocorisa, _Latr._
FAMILY: Scutati, _Burm._ Pentatomidæ, _Leach_.

GENUS. PENTATOMA, _Latr._ Cimex, _Fabr. Burm._

PENTATOMA FLAVICOLLIS. Thorace spinoso dentatoque, supra viridis, capite
thoracisque antico scutelloque basi flavis. (Long. Corp. 10½ lin.)

SYN. Cimex flavicollis, _Drury_, _App. vol._ 2.

Cimex albicollis, _Fabr. Ent. Syst._ 4. 98. 75. _Syst. Rh._ 160. 26.

HABITAT: Jamaica.

Head and antennæ dusky livid yellow. Thorax green, the fore part being
livid, and the edges serrated; the sides terminating in two spines. The
fore-part of the scutellum is livid, the hinder part green. Wing cases
green, next the body, the extremities being transparent. Abdomen and legs
livid, the under side the same; fore-legs tinged with green. Rostrum
slender, extending to the hinder legs.

RAPHIGASTER INCARNATUS.

Plate XXXVI. fig. 5.

ORDER: Hemiptera. SUBORDER: Heteroptera. SECTION: Geocorisa, _Latr._
FAMILY: Scutati, _Burm._ Pentatomidæ, _Leach_.

GENUS. RAPHIGASTER, _Laporte_. Cimex, _Drury_.

RAPHIGASTER INCARNATUS. Supra sanguineus; capite scutelli maculis duabus,
elytris unicâ, membranâque apicali nigris. (Long. Corp. 1 unc.)

SYN. Cimex incarnatus, _Drury_, _App. vol._ 2.

Cimex nigripes, _Fabr. Ent. Syst._ 4. 106. 101. _Syst. Rh._ 149. 17.
(Edessa n.) _Wolff. Cim._ 1. 11. 11. _t._ 2. _f._ 11. _Stoll. Cim._ 2. 2.
_f._ 10. _Donovan Ins. India_, _pl._ 14. _fig._ 1.

HABITAT: China.

Head small, and dark blue. Antennæ broken. Thorax deep orange, verged in
front with blue. Scutellum orange, with the fore part blue. Rather more
than half the wing-cases, next the body, orange, with a large blue spot
in the middle of each; the extremities are of a brassy olive, and
striated. Abdomen orange, with a border on its sides of cream, and blue
spots; the under side of it being cream colour, with four blue spots on
each side. Legs dark blue. Rostrum small and short, unless it has been
broken off.

{73}ARILUS SERRATUS.

Plate XXXVI. fig. 6.

ORDER: Hemiptera. SUBORDER: Heteroptera. SECTION: Geocorisa. FAMILY:
Reduviidæ, _Leach_.

GENUS. ARILUS, _Hahn. Burm._ Prionotus, _Laporte_. Reduvius, _Fabr._

ARILUS SERRATUS. Fuscus, elytris subferrugineis, rostro, antennis
tibiisque fulvis, scutello cristato serrato. (Long. Corp. 1 unc. 3 lin.)

SYN. Cimex serratus, _Linn. Syst. Nat._ 2. 722. 62. _Fabr. Ent. Syst._ 4.
205. 42. _Syst. Rh._ 266. 2. (Reduvius s.) _Stoll. Cim._ 2. _t._ 1. _f._
6.

Cimex carinatus, _Drury_, _App. vol._ 2.

HABITAT: St. Vincent (_Drury_). America (_Fabr._).

Head very small, and black. Neck long and slender. Eyes small. Antennæ
orange-coloured; as long as the insect. Thorax very small and black in
front; the hind part exceeding large, and of a rusty dark brown, the
middle rising circularly and erect, with many points like teeth on its
edges; the sides being extended beyond the body, and appearing like
angles with their points cut off. Corium of the wing-cases dusky brown,
the membrane of a brassy olive colour. Abdomen black. Legs orange, the
thighs being black; from the front of the head issues a slender
orange-coloured beak, which reaches to the fore legs.

This large and remarkable species of winged bug is commonly known in the West Indies under the name of the Wheel-bug, and is stated by Messrs. Kirby and Spence to possess the power of communicating an electric shock to the person whose flesh it touches. "The late Major-General Davies, of the Royal Artillery, once informed me, that when abroad, having taken up this animal and placed it upon his hand, it gave him a considerable shock, as if from an electric jar, with its legs, which he felt as high as his shoulders; and dropping the creature, he observed six marks upon his hand where the six feet had stood." (Intr. to Ent. 1. 110.)

There appear to be several species confounded under the specific name of serratus. The one figured by our author is well distinguished by the colour of its rostrum and tibiæ, which are fulvous or orange-coloured. (Fabricius calls them yellow "flavis," and Burmeister red "rufis.") I have received this species from Valparaiso. Another species having brown tibiæ, of a narrower form, rather smaller than the preceding, and having fewer teeth upon the scutellar crest, is very abundant in Pennsylvania. It may be distinguished by the following character:--

Arilus denticulatus, _Westw._ fuscus, tibiis concoloribus, rostro
antennisque obscurè rufescentibus cristâ scutellari circiter
10-denticulatâ. Long. Corp. 13 lin.

Habitat in America septentrionali (Comm. Dom. Peale).

The sting of these insects produced by the short and powerful proboscis is accompanied with very considerable pain. Mr. Smeathman informed Mr. Drury that he had been stung by the largest wasps of Africa, as well as by these bugs, and thought the pain inflicted by the latter much more severe, though the effect does not remain so long. The {74}pain is doubtless caused by that pungent volatile fluid which affects our smell so much when we catch those insects, with which they are abundantly supplied, and which they emit with considerable force.

PLATE XXXVII.

CICADA MACULATA.

Plate XXXVII. fig. 1.

ORDER: Hemiptera. SUBORDER: Homoptera. FAMILY: Cicadidæ.

GENUS. CICADA, _Linn._

CICADA MACULATA. Atra, thorace elytris alisque flavo maculatis. (Expans.
Alar. 3 unc. 9 lin.)

SYN. Cicada maculata, _Drury_, _App. vol._ 2. _Germar in Silberm. Rev.
Ent. Donovan Ins. China._

Tettigonia maculata, _Fabr. Ent. Syst._ 20. 12. _Syst. Rhyng._ 37. 18.

HABITAT: China.

_Upper Side._ Head black. Eyes yellow brown, round, and projecting from
the head a little; between them are two small orange spots. Antennæ small
and short. Thorax black, with four orange spots in a row, placed across
it, and behind them two others. Abdomen black, consisting of seven annuli
or rings, besides the tail part, the last of which is edged with orange.
Anus orange-coloured, and furnished with a bristle for oviposition. Wings
black, spotted, and streaked with orange; the anterior having a row of
streaks along the external edges, and five distinct orange spots crossing
the middle, near the shoulders: the posterior having a large orange patch
on the abdominal edges, and a small round spot above it, with five small
fainter ones placed along the external edges.

_Under Side._ Head black, terminating in a long slender beak, which
extends between the legs, to the abdomen; two small orange spots are
placed just below the eyes. Thorax with an orange spot on each side. Legs
and abdomen black; the latter having six orange spots, three on each
side. Wings as on the upper side.

The larger species of this family are often mistaken for locusts and grasshoppers, in consequence of the loud chirping noise which they make, and which is sometimes so strong that Mr. Smeathman had no doubt that it might be heard a mile. They are occasionally, he continues, very numerous in the woods, where they make the hills and vallies ring, continuing their noise for hours together; at other times, when they are more scarce, bursting forth only at intervals. This chirp or whistle is in general harsh and dissonant, though sometimes, like Thomson's Stock Dove, their note,

"Discordant heard alone, aids the full concert."

Amongst the planters and English settlers of the West Indies they are however called the razor-grinders, their noise being by these persons likened to that made in grinding knives and razors. Kalm evidently alludes to these insects in his Tour of North America, where he says in some places they make so much noise, that unless two persons meeting together can speak louder than the insect can chirp, they cannot hear each other.

{75}CICADA STRIDULA.

Plate XXXVII. fig. 2.

ORDER: Hemiptera. SUBORDER: Homoptera. FAMILY: Cicadidæ.

GENUS. CICADA, _Linn._

CICADA STRIDULA. Villosa prasineo-fusca, nigro-maculata, abdomine nigro;
elytris griseis, maculis ovatis ante marginem posticum 7, hyalinis; alis
luteis versus apicem nigris, omnibus margine latiori hyalino. (Expans.
Alar. fere 3 unc.)

SYN. Cicada stridula, _Linn. Syst. Nat._ 1. 2. 706. 12. _Stoll. Cicada_,
_fig._ 15. _Germ. in Thons. Arch._ II. 2. 12. 19. _Silb. Rev. Ent._ II.
76. 54.

Cicada capensis, _Linn. Syst. N._ 1. 2. 706. 13.

Cicada Catenata, _Drury_, _App. vol._ 2.

HABITAT: Cape of Good Hope.

Head short, thick, and of a yellowish brown, with a black stripe down the
middle. Eyes round, and projecting. Ocelli distinct. Thorax yellow brown.
Abdomen nearly black. Anterior wings yellow brown next the body, but
darker in the middle; the external edges being transparent; above which
is a row of transparent spots, placed between the tendons of the wings.
Posterior wings yellowish, having a transparent border along the external
edges, and a dark cloud placed at the upper corners. Legs yellow brown;
rostrum extending between them, to the middle of the abdomen.

APHANA LANATA.

Plate XXXVII. fig. 3.

ORDER: Hemiptera. SUBORDER: Homoptera. FAMILY: Fulgoridæ.

GENUS. APHANA, _Burmeister_. Aphæna, _Guérin_. Cicada, _Drury_.

APHANA LANATA. Fusca, capitis cornu tenui, ano farinoso, elytris nigris
apice rubris undique albo irroratis, alis fuscis albo latè marginatis.
(Expans. Alar. 1 unc. 3 lin.)

SYN. Cicada lanata, _Drury_, _App. vol._ 2. (Exclus. Syn. _Linn._)

HABITAT: Jamaica.