Chapter XVI: Introduction (6)

_Mnium (Bryum) ciliare_, Greville in Annals of the Lyc. of New York. 1825, IX. p. 273, t. 23. Our specimens are distinguished by the leaves being generally entire to the middle, in which they approximate to those of Mn. cuspidatum; but they are much narrower, cuneiform below, like those of Mn. affine. I always saw the Setæ single, much bent, and tortuous.

_Dicranum purpurascens_, Hedw. (Ceratodon purpureus γ purpurascens, Brid.) Most probably; but the fruit is not quite formed.

_Neckera viticulosa._ In some particulars approximates to Neckera minor; but the leaves are always inclined. A beautiful yellow.

_Cryphæa inundata_: caule pendulo laxe pinnatim-ramoso ramulis apice incurvis, foliis distantibus oblongo-lanceolatis carinatis nervo crasso excurrente, inferioribus arete complicatis obliquis, capsulis ovalibus heteromallis subsessilibus perichætio longissimo immersis, dentibus peristomii interioris longis persistentibus coloratis apice incurvis.

In ramis fruticum inundatis ad flumina Wabash, Fox and Black Rivers. Decembre cum fructu maturo.

Differs from Chryphæa heteromalla, not only by the long, slender stems, and the thick projecting nerve of the leaves, but most especially by the stiff red ciliæ of the inner peristome, which almost exceed the exterior ones in length, and are incurved inwards at the point. The lower cauline leaves are so broken that the two halves touch with their upper surface, and the leaf acquires almost an ensiform appearance. The leaves of the involucrum are quite nerveless. The capsule is yellow. I did not see the operculum and the hood.

LICHENES

_Usnea hirta_, Ach.--_Parmelia tiliacea_, Ach.

FUNGI

_Polyporus velutinus_, Fr., pileo supra sordide albo subfuligineo.--_Exidia auricula Judæ_, Fr. Syst. Myc.

Our specimen is distinguished by its size and remarkably pale colour.

IX. CATALOGUE OF BIRDS OBSERVED IN THE MONTHS OF NOVEMBER, DECEMBER, JANUARY, AND FEBRUARY AT THE MOUTH OF THE WABASH

Winter Residents:

1. Cathartes Aura septentr.
2. Aquila leucocephala.
3. "
4. " Haliaëtus amer.
5. Falco borealis.
6. " uliginosus Bon.
7. " Sparverius.
8. Strix asio.
9. " nebulosa.
10. Corvus americanus Aud.
11. Garrulus cristatus.
12. Psittacus carolinensis.
13. Picus pileatus.
14. " auratus.
15. " carolinus.
16. " varius.
17. " villosus.
18. " pubescens.
19. " erythrocephalus.
20. Sitta carolinensis.
21. Certhia familiaris amer.
22. Alcedo Alcyon.
23. Sturnella ludoviciana Bon.
24. Fringilla cardinalis.
25. " hyemalis.
26. Fringilla canadensis.
27. " pennsylvanica.
28. " melodia.
29. " tristis.
30. Parus bicolor.
31. " atricapillus.
32. Muscicapa coronata.
33. Sialia Wilsoni Sw.
34. Regulus cristatus.
35. Troglod. ludovicianus.
36. " hyemalis.
37. Columba carolinensis.
38. Meleagris Gallopavo.
39. Tetrao umbellus.
40. " Cupido.
41. Perdix virginiana.
42. Ardea herodias.
43. Anser canadensis.
44. " bernicla.
45. Anas Boschas fera.
46. " clangula amer.
47. Mergus Merganser.
48. " serrator.
49. " cucullatus.
50. Falco?

In November the following still occurred:

1. Quiscalus ferrugineus (a few). 2. Fulica americana (migrating). 3. Grus canadensis. 4. Podiceps carolin. (migrating). 5. Anas sponsa (in large numbers). 6. Anas crecca, querquedula, discors, and other species. 7. Fringilla erythrophthalma.

In December a few of the following:

Fringilla erythrophthalma.

In the second half of January:

Columba migratoria. (This was due to the mildness of the winter.)

In February, returned:

_Beginning_:

1. Anas sponsa. 2. Anas rufitorques. 3. Anas crecca. 4. Anas acuta. 5. Icterus phöniceus.

_Middle and end_:

6. Falcones. 7. Fringilla erythrophthalma. 8. Scolopax. 9. Turdus migratorius. 10. Grus canadensis (flight of cranes). 11. Quiscalus versic. 12. Quiscalus ferrugineus.

In the first part of March the following appeared in the region around Harmony:

1. Anser albifrons. 2. Anser canadensis. 3. Quisc. ferrugineus. 4. Quisc. versicolor. 5. Icterus phoeniceus. 6. Larus? (fourth of March seen on the Wabash). 7. Grus canadensis (on the fifth of March Anser canadensis also appeared). 8. Fringilla purpurea (on the tenth of March). 9. Scolopax. 10. Fringa? 11. Hirundo? (on the fourteenth of March the first flight of swallows occurred).

* * * * * *

Transcriber's note:

Simple spelling, grammar, and typographical errors were
silently corrected.

Anachronistic and non-standard spellings retained as printed.