Chapter IV: Section 1: Pictorial tribal designations 377

Iroquoian 377
Eastern Algonquian 378
Siouan and other designations 379
Absaroka, or Crow 380
Arapaho 381
Arikara, or Ree 381
Assiniboin 381
Brulé 382
Cheyenne 382
Dakota, or Sioux 383
Hidatsa, Gros Ventre or Minitari 384
Kaiowa 384
Mandan 385
Mandan and Arikara 385
Ojibwa 385
Omaha 385
Pawnee 386
Ponka 386
Shoshoni 387
Section 2. Gentile and clan designations 388
Section 3. Significance of tattoo 391
Tattoo in North America 392
On the Pacific coast 396
Tattoo in South America 407
Extra-limital tattoo 407
Scarification 416
Summary of studies on tattooing 418
Section 4. Designations of individuals 419
Insignia, or tokens of authority 419
Signs of individual achievements 433
Property marks 441
Personal names 442
Objective 447
Metaphoric 453
Animal 455
Vegetable 458
Chapter XIV. Religion 461
Section 1. Symbols of the supernatural 462
Section 2. Myths and mythic animals 468
Thunder birds 483
Section 3. Shamanism 490
Section 4. Charms and amulets 501
Section 5. Religious ceremonies 505
Section 6. Mortuary practices 517
Chapter XV. Customs 528
Section 1. Cult societies 528
Section 2. Daily life and habits 530
Section 3. Games 547
Chapter XVI. History 551
Section 1. Record of expedition 552
Section 2. Record of battle 554
Battle of the Little Bighorn 563
Section 3. Record of migration 566
Section 4. Record of notable events 567
Chapter XVII. Biography 571
Section 1. Continuous record of events in life 571
Section 2. Particular exploits or events 575
Chapter XVIII. Ideography 583
Section 1. Abstract ideas expressed pictorially 584
After; age--old and young; bad; before; big; center;
deaf; direction; disease; fast; fear; freshet; good; high;
lean; little; lone; many, much; obscure; opposition;
possession; prisoner; short; sight; slow; tall; trade;
union; whirlwind; winter, cold, snow 585-606
Section 2. Signs, symbols, and emblems 607
Section 3. Significance of colors 618
Decorative use of color 619
Ideocrasy of colors 622
Color in ceremonies 623
Color relative to death and mourning 629
Colors for war and peace 631
Color designating social status 633
Section 4. Gesture and posture signs depicted 637
Water 642
Child 643
Negation 644
Chapter XIX. Conventionalizing 649
Section 1. Conventional devices 650
Peace; war; chief; council; plenty of food; famine;
starvation; horses; horse stealing; kill and death;
shot; coming rain 650-662
Hittite emblems 662
Section 2. Syllabaries and alphabets 664
The Micmac “hieroglyphics” 666
Pictographs in alphabets 674
Chapter XX. Special comparison 676
Section 1. Typical style 676
Section 2. Homomorphs and symmorphs 692
Sky; sun and light; moon; day; night; cloud; rain;
lightning; human form; human head and face; hand;
feet and tracks; broken leg; voice and speech; dwellings;
eclipse of the sun; meteors; the cross 694-733
Section 3. Composite forms 735
Section 4. Artistic skill and methods 738
Chapter XXI. Means of interpretation 745
Section 1. Marked characters of known significance 745
Section 2. Distinctive costumes, weapons, and ornaments 749
Section 3. Ambiguous characters with ascertained meaning 755
Chapter XXII. Controverted pictographs 759
Section 1. The Grave creek stone 761
Section 2. The Dighton rock 762
Section 3. Imitations and forced interpretations 764