Chapter XXXV: Appendix: III (6)

Riccio, Andrea, his work as a bronze founder, iii. 78 _note_ 1

Rienzi, takes the title of Tribune, ii. 30;
his relations to Petrarch, 83, 147-149;
his plan to restore the Republic in Rome, 145 (cp. i. 376);
his confusion of medieval and classical titles, 146;
his downfall, 147

_Rifacimento_, question whether Dino's Chronicle is a work of this
class, i. 263, 273;
similar question about the Malespini Chronicle, 252 _note_ 1, iv. 36;
about Pandolfini's _Governo della Famiglia_, iv. 194;
_Rifacimento of the Orlando Innamorato_ (_see_ Berni)

Rimini, S. Francesco, adapted by Leo Battista Alberti, i. 172, 326,
ii. 34, 210, 342;
the bas-reliefs in the side chapels, iii. 161;
Piero della Francesca's portrait of Sigismondo Pandolfo Malatesta, 235

Rinaldo d'Aquino, his _Farewell_, iv. 37

Ripamonti, quoted, i. 163, 167 _note_ 1

_Rispetti_, meaning of the term, iv. 264;
common character of, throughout Italy, 266;
question of their first origin, 267;
their antiquity, 268;
their themes, 272;
purer in the country than in the towns, 272

Ristoro da Arezzo, his _Composizione del Mondo_, iv. 36

Robbia, Luca della, his work as a sculptor in Italian churches, iii.
78 _note_ 1;
his bas-reliefs in glazed ware, 79;
unaffected by the Pagan spirit of the Renaissance, 135;
his genius contrasted with that of Ghiberti or Donatello, 148;
beauty of his work, 148-150;
Luca della, nephew of the sculptor, his account of his interview
with Paolo Boscolo, i. 466, v. 519

Robbias, the Della, successors of Luca in his manufacture of
earthenware, iii. 150

Robert of Anjou, King of Naples, his patronage of Petrarch and
Boccaccio, ii. 252, iv. 120 _note_ 1

Robert of Geneva, i. 81

Robert, illegitimate son of Pandolfo Sigismondo Malatesta, said to
have poisoned the Florentine poet, Il Burchiello, iv. 260

Roberto di Battifolle, poems of, iv. 165

Roberto da Lecce, his preaching at Perugia and Rome, i. 614;
his attacks on Beccadelli's _Hermaphroditus_, ii. 256 _note_ 1

Robusti, the (Tintoretto and his son), iii. 371

Rocchi, Cristoforo, his model for the Cathedral of Pavia, iii. 68;
the pupil of Bramante, 82

Rodolph of Hapsburg, his grant to the Papacy, i. 374

Roland Legend, the: spread of the Roland Romances in Italy, iv. 13, 427;
in the upper classes gave place to the Arthur Legend, 17, 18;
preference of the popular writers for the episode of Rinaldo, 244;
reasons of this, 437;
the _Chanson de Roland_, 433;
historical basis of the myth, 434-437;
legend that Roland was son of a Roman prefect, 439 (cp. ii. 30)

Rolandino, the Chronicle of, i. 251

Roman Empire, the old, its dissolution, i. 5;
its place taken by the Papacy, 6

Roman Empire, the Holy, i. 41;
conflict of the Empire and the Papacy, 59, 60, 68, 97, 100, 374, iv. 6;
power of the Imperial idea, i. 97

Romances of the _Quattro Cento_, iv. 244-249;
their positive tone, 248

Romanesque (Tuscan) Style, the, iii. 47, 49, 111, v. 504

Romanino, Girolamo, iii. 503

Rome, not included in Theodoric's kingdom, i. 46;
effect of this, 47, 49, 93;
address of the Roman Senate to the Emperor Frederick, 65, iv. 13;
prestige of the name of Rome, i. 92, ii. 57;
Sack of Rome, i. 222, 444, ii. 443, iii. 414, 438, 455, iv. 2;
---- universally recognized as a judgment on its sins, i. 446, ii. 445;
sufferings of the learned in the Sack of Rome, 443, v. 357;
government of Rome in the middle ages, i. 375;
the Romans welcome the accession of Alexander VI. to the Papacy, 407;
state of Rome under Leo X., 437;
pageants at the reception of the head of S. Andrew at Rome, 461,
iv. 316;
profligacy of Rome, i. 474, ii. 217, 405-407, v. 190, 386;
effect of the study of the ruins of Rome on the Renaissance, ii.
142 foll., 429 foll. (cp. iii. 48 _note_ 1);
culture flourished less at Rome than Florence, ii. 215, iv. 364,
366, v. 499;
place of Rome in literature and art, i. 79, iii. 181 _note_ 1, 184;
early Roman printers, ii. 368, 405;
reasons for the pre-eminence of Rome in the fourth age of culture, 440;
occupation of the old Roman buildings by the various great families,
iii. 46;
Gothic architecture never much practised at Rome, 46;
Cellini's description of Rome under Clement VII., 452;
protection of assassins in Papal Rome, 459;
representations of Plautus and Terence in the original at Rome, v. 138

---- S. Clemente, Masaccio's fresco of St. Catherine, iii. 229;
S. Maria sopra Minerva, Filippino Lippi's _Triumph of S. Thomas_,
207, 248;
the _Christ_ of Michelangelo, 414;
S. Maria delle Pace, Raphael's frescoes, 334;
S. Maria del Popolo, Raphael's mosaics, 79 _note_ 3, 334;
S. Maria in Trastevere, Mino's tabernacle, 158 _note_ 1;
S. Peter's, plan of Nicholas V., i. 379, iii. 90;
commenced by Julius II., i. 433, iii. 90;
built with money raised from indulgences, i. 439;
Michelangelo's dome, iii. 88;
the various architects employed, 90-93;
Bernini's colonnade, 93;
the Bronze Gates (by Filarete), 108, v. 424;
Giotto's mosaic, iii. 190;
Michelangelo's _Pieta_, 389, 420;
S. Pietro in Vincoli, Michelangelo's _Moses_, 399, 340, 420, 422

---- Sistine Chapel, the, building of, i. 384 _note_ 1;
Michelangelo's frescoes, iii. 403-423. (_See_ Buonarroti,
Michelangelo.)

---- Cancelleria, the, by Bramante, iii. 82;
Villa Farnesina, by Baldassare Peruzzi, 83, 84, 334;
Villa Madama, by Raphael and Giulio Romano, 83;
Pandolfini, by Raphael, 83;
Vidoni, by Raphael, 83

---- Academy, the, founded by Pomponius Laetus, ii. 361, 365, 409, v. 272;
representations of Plautus and Terence in the original by the
Academy, v. 138

---- High School, the (the Sapienza), established by Boniface VIII.,
ii. 117;
reformed by Leo X., 426;
reasons why it did not rival other Italian universities, 426

Roman School of Painting, the, iii. 183;
reason of its early decadence, 490-492

Romeo and Juliet, story of, i. 74;
treatment of the story by Bandello and Shakspere compared, v. 71

Romualdo, S., legend of, ii. 339

Rondinelli, Giuliano (or Andrea), the Franciscan chosen to undergo
the ordeal of fire with Fra Domenico, i. 533 _note_ 1

Rossellino, Antonio, delicacy and purity of his work, iii. 154;
his monument to the Cardinal di Portogallo, 153;
Bernardo, his monument to Lionardo Bruni, ii. 186, iii. 158 _note_ 2

Rossi, the, at Parma, how they acquired despotic power, i. 112, 114;
overthrown by the Visconti, 145;
reappear after the death of Gian Galeazzo, 150

Rossi, Porzia de', the mother of Tasso, v. 298;
Roberto de', a scholar of Giovanni da Ravenna, ii. 100;
one of the society in S. Spirito, 102;
visits Chrysoloras at Venice, 109;
learns Greek of him, 110

Rosso de' Rossi, his visit to the Court of France, iii. 445, 498;
his frescoes at the Annunziata, Florence, 498 _note_ 1

Rubens, his transcript of the _Battle of the Standard_, iii. 145, 321;
his transcript of Mantegna's _Triumph of Caesar_, 274, 321 _note_ 1;
compared with Paul Veronese, 372

Rucellai, Bernardo, opens the Rucellai Gardens to the Florentine
Academy, v. 236;
Cipriano, his friendship with Palmieri, 549;
Giovanni, his _Api_, ii. 471, v. 236;
his tragedy of _Rosmunda_, v. 129, 236;
the _Oreste_, 133;
compared with the _Rosmunda_, 134;
his friendship with Giangiorgio Trissino, 236;
Palla, 236

Rucellai Gardens, the, Machiavelli's discourses there, i. 293, 328,
ii. 366, v. 236, 239;
Rucellai's _Rosmunda_ acted before Leo X. there, v. 129

Ruggieri, Fra, leader of mercenaries in Southern Italy, i. 156

Ruggieri Pugliese, shows in his _Lament_ traces of genuine Italian
feeling, iv. 26

Ruscelli, Girolamo, his _Capitolo_ on the Spindle, v. 365

Rusconi family, the, at Como, i. 150

Rustici, Giovanni Francesco, festivals organised by him, v. 115

Rusticiano of Pisa, his French version of Marco Polo, iv. 35

Sabadino, his _Porretane_, v. 60

Sabbatini, Andrea, the scholar of Raphael, iii. 490

Sabellicus. (_See_ Coccio.)

Sacchetti, Franco, his _Novelle_, iv. 148;
composed in the vernacular Tuscan, 148;
their value as a picture of manners, 149;
comparison between Sacchetti, Masuccio, and Boccaccio, 179;
Sacchetti as a poet, 154-156;
his funeral Ode for Petrarch, 137 _note_ 1;
for Boccaccio, 137;
his political poems, 161, 163;
his _Ballata, O vaghe montanine pasturelle_, 155, 262, 305;
his admiration for Boccaccio, 148

_Sacre Rappresentazioni_, the, i. 477 _note_ 1, 480, iv. 172;
contained the germs of a national theatre, iv. 306, v. 109, 136;
took their origin from the religious practices of the _Laudesi_,
iv. 307;
their relation to the Northern Miracle Plays, 312;
mode in which they were represented, 313;
theory that they arose from a blending of the midsummer festivals
at Florence and the _Divozioni_, 314-320;
their form, 321, v. 182 _note_ 2;
their religious character, iv. 323, v. 112, 519;
their scenic apparatus, iv. 324-327;
how far illustrated from contemporary works of art, 327 _note_ 1,
338, 340, 343;
analysis of the play of S. _Uliva_, 327-330, 351;
translation of the Dirge of Narcissus and the May Song, 328;
universality of the legend upon which it is founded, 351, 353;
subjects of other plays which have been preserved, 331;
analysis of the play of Mary Magdalen, 331-337;
translation of Christ's Sermon, 333-336;
the _Figliuol Prodigo_, 337;
elements of comedy in the sacred dramas, 337 _note_ 3;
their treatment of Mary and the Magdalen, 339;
dramas dealing with monastic legends, 341-343;
lack of the romantic element, 343;
show less maturity than the contemporary works of art, 346;
their interest as illustrating Italian imagination, 347, v. 54;
analysis of _Teofilo_, the Italian Faust, iv. 347-349;
analysis of the _Re Superbo_ and _Barlam e Josafat_, 349;
the _Stella_, _Rosana_, and _Agnolo Ebrao_, 353-355;
the three Pilgrimage Plays, 355-357;
failure of the sacred dramas to create a national theatre, 357, v. 112

_Sacrificio, El_, a masque played at Siena, v. 143 _note_ 2

Sadoleto, Jacopo, cited for the prevalent belief that the Sack of
Rome was a judgment of God on the city, i. 446, ii. 416;
made a Cardinal, ii. 402, 416;
his rise into greatness, 403;
his entertainments of the Roman Academy, 409;
his poem on the _Laocoon_, 415, 432, 496;
his gravity and sincerity of character, 416;
his friendship with Vittoria Colonna, v. 292;
his 'Commentary on the Romans' placed on the Index, ii. 416

Salaino, Andrea, the favourite pupil of Lionardo da Vinci, iii. 317, 484

Salerno, University of, ii. 117

Salimbene, Fra, his Chronicle of Parma, i. 251;
his account of Frederick II., iv. 21

Salimbeni, the, at Siena, v. 99

Salutato, Coluccio, his 'Letters' quoted for the influence of
Petrarch on Boccaccio, ii. 90 _note_ 1;
their value, 104 _note_ 1;
their contemporary influence, 104, 531, iv. 175;
his importance as a stylist, ii. 103-105;
one of the circle in S. Spirito, 102;
his patronage of learning, 106, 230;
translates Dante into Latin verse, 103, 106, 449;
causes Petrarch's _Africa_ to be published, 104 _note_ 1, 106;
his invective against the copyists, 130;
saw the desirability of forming public libraries, 166;
his poems, iv. 165

Salviati, Archbishop of Pisa, his share in the Pazzi Conspiracy, i.
397, 398

Salviati, Caterina, wife of Nerli, i. 290

Salviati, Francesco, mentioned by Doni as scene-painter at a
representation of comedy in Florence, v. 144 _note_ 4

San Gemignano, Savonarola at, i. 507;
the towers of, 507, iii. 58;
Gozzolo's frescoes, i. 507, iii. 242, v. 54;
Ghirlandajo's frescoes, i. 507, iii. 259;
Da Majano's bas-reliefs, iii. 160

Sancia, Donna, wife of the youngest son of Alexander VI. by Vanozza
Catanei, i. 418

Sanga, Battista, the secretary of Clement VII., v. 380;
addressed by Berni in the suppressed stanzas of the _rifacimento_
of the _Orlando Innamorato_, 379, 380

Sanmicheli, Michele, his work as an architect at Verona, iii. 86

Sannazzaro, Jacopo, facts of his life, v. 198;
a member of the Roman Academy, ii. 361;
of the Neapolitan, 363, v. 198;
his friendship with Pontanus, ii. 363, v. 198;
representation of him in the Church of Monte Oliveto at Naples,
ii. 365, iii. 164, v. 198;
frigid purism of his _De Partu Virginis_, ii. 398, 468, 470 (cp.
v. 249);
criticism of Lilius Gyraldus upon it, ii. 469 _note_ 1;
his Latin poems, 468, v. 198-201;
his epigrams on the Borgia and Rovere families, ii. 469, v. 199;
preferred Fracastoro's _Syphilis_ to his own epic, ii. 477;
translation of one of his sonnets, v. 200;
his _Arcadia_, 202;
first gave form to the Arcadian ideal, 197;
its mixture of autobiography and fable, 202;
idyllic beauty of the episodes, 202;
its art illustrated by the paintings of Mantegna, 203;
by the _Quattro Cento_ painters in general, 204, 207;
its literary style, 203;
representative of the spirit of the Renaissance, 202;
translation of the description of the 'Shrine of Pales,' 205-207;
of the portrait of Amaranta (Carmosina Bonifacia), 207-209;
of the description of the nymphs and shepherds, 209;
of pictures of inanimate nature, 209;
of Carino's Lament, 210;
the _Arcadia_ the model of Sir Philip Sidney's work, 211;
the poetical portions, 211;
translation of a Sestine, 212

Sanseverini, the, of Rome, Pomponius Laetus said to have been related
to them, ii. 33, 359;
their ruin, v. 298

---- Ferrante, Prince of Salerno, takes Bernardo Tasso into his
service, v. 298

Sansovini, the, their work as sculptors and bronze founders in
Italian churches, iii. 78 _note_ 1

---- (1) Andrea Contucci di Monte Sansavino:
his tombs of Ascanio Sforza and Girolamo della Rovere, iii. 156;
straining after effect in his work, 156, 166;

---- (2) Jacopo Tatti, called Il Sansovino: his work as an architect
at Venice, iii. 85, 167, 355;
the Library of St. Mark's, 85, 167;
the friend of Titian and Aretino, 167, 168, v. 398, 409;
_bravura_ character of his works in sculpture, iii. 167;
his bronze door of the sacristy of St. Mark, 168, v. 424;
his _Bacchus_, illustrating the supremacy of pagan motives in the
art of the Renaissance, iii. 169;
story of the model who sat for the _Bacchus_, 233

Santi, Giovanni (father of Raphael), his Chronicle cited, i. 166
_note_ 3;
written in the metre of the Divine Comedy, iv. 172;
his character of Desiderio, iii. 160;
his _Madonna_, with portraits of his wife and the infant Raphael, 330

Sanudo, a member of the Aldine Academy, ii. 387;
his diary cited for the wealth of the Venetian nobles, i. 235 _note_ 1;
for the disorders caused by the sensuality of Alexander VI., 417
_note_ 1;
for the belief that Alexander died of poison, 429, 430;
for the story that Alexander had sold his soul to the devil, 431;
for the gluttony of the prelates, 479 _note_ 1;
for the pay of jurists in Italian universities, ii. 121;
for the shows at Ferrara on the marriage of Lucrezia Borgia, v.
141 _note_ 2

Sappho, lines on Fame, translated, ii. 40

Saronno, church of, Luini's frescoes, iii. 485-487;
Ferrari's frescoes, 488

Sarto, Andrea del, his visit to the Court of France, iii. 445;
qualities of his colouring, 497;
his pictures wanting in depth of thought and feeling, 497;
creates an epoch in Florentine art, 496, 498

Sarzana, surrender of, by Pietro de' Medici, i. 559

Satire in the Middle Ages, iv. 108;
in Italy at the Renaissance, v. 310, 381

Sauli, Stefano, the friend of Flaminio, ii. 501;
his Genoese origin, illustrating the loss of literary supremacy by
Florence, 506

Savelli, the, at Rome, i. 375

Saviozzo da Siena, his political poems, iv. 161;
his commentary upon the Divine Comedy, 163

Savonarola, his treatise on the Government of Florence, i. 128
_note_ 1, 277, iii. 265, 392 _note_ 1, iv. 386;
the author of the Florentine Constitution of 1494, i. 202, 222, 526;
proclaims Christ the Head of the State, 222, 526, iii. 214, 308;
his hostility to the _Parlamento_, i. 230 _note_ 1, 526;
his Constitution came too late to save the city, 231;
his admiration of the Venetian polity, 234;
influence of his prophecies at the siege of Florence, 284, 290,
518, 536;
Guicciardini's account of him, 304, 308;
criticism of him by Machiavelli, 345;
Savonarola and Machiavelli contrasted, 368;
confined himself to the reformation of morals, and shrank from the
imputation of heresy, 454, 499;
objected to classical learning on the ground of its worldliness,
456 _note_ 1, 499, 505, 506, ii. 326, 396, 516;
his opposition to the arts, iii. 24, 29 _note_ 1, 265, 310;
his denunciations of the Papacy, i. 530;
his testimony to Florentine profligacy, 475, 477 _note_ 1, 480;
story of his life--his boyhood, 499;
takes the cowl, 501;
his account of his vocation, 501;
goes to Florence, 503;
sent to San Gemignano, 506;
his first success at Brescia, 508;
his appearance and style of preaching, 508-514 (cp. iii. 309 _note_ 2);
believed in his own gift of prophecy, 512 _note_ 1;
his visions, 515;
how far he was guided by them, 518;
his error in teaching the Florentines to look for foreign aid, 518;
recalled by Lorenzo de' Medici, 521;
his opposition to Lorenzo, 521;
called to Lorenzo de' Medici's deathbed, 523;
his activity takes a political turn, 524, iv. 384;
the Bonfire of Vanities, i. 527, iv. 392;
his influence begins to decay, i. 529, 531;
his contest with Alexander VI., 529;
weakness of his position in not breaking with Rome, 530, 622;
writes letters summoning a European council, 532;
his letter to Alexander, 532;
the ordeal by fire, 533;
his imprisonment, torture, and death, 533-535;
his canonisation proposed, 535

Savonarola, Michael, his 'Panegyric of Padua,' quoted for the
teaching of perspective in Padua, iii. 236

Savoy, the House of, i. 52, 57, 110, 146 _note_ 1

Scala family, the, how they acquired their power, i. 111;
violent deaths among them, 120, 145;
their tombs at Verona, iii. 124, 163

Scala, Alessandra, Poliziano's wooing of her, ii. 344;
---- Bartolommeo, raised by the Medici from a low station, 344;
his quarrel with Poliziano, 344

Scala, Can Grande della, i. 145;
Mastino della, 145

Scaliger, Julius Caesar, his character of Aldo Manuzio (the grandson),
ii. 389;
his criticism of Fracastoro's _Syphilis_, 477

Scamozzi, Vincenzo, character of his architectural work, iii. 96;
his 'Universal Architecture,' 96 _note_ 1

_Scandiano_, the fief of Boiardo, iv. 456, 457

Scardeone, Bernardino, describes Odassi as the inventor of Maccaronic
verse, v. 329 _note_ 3

Scarparia, Giacomo, journeys to Byzantium with Chrysoloras, ii. 109

Schiavo da Bari, the, his Aphorisms iv. 240

Scholarship, state of, in the middle ages, ii. 58 foll.

Science, opposition between science and religion, i. 16;
modern science dates from the Renaissance, 16, 17. v. 483, 491

Scotti, the, at Piacenza, how they acquired power, i. 112;
overthrown by the Visconti, 145;
reappear after the death of Gian Galeazzo, 150

Scoronconcolo, the murderer employed by Lorenzino de' Medici against
his cousin Alessandro, v. 118

Scotus, Duns, v. 467, 468

Scrofa, Camillo, author of the _I Cantici di Fidentio Glottogrysio
Ludimagistro_, v. 328

Sculpture, why Sculpture yielded to painting in the modern era, iii.
8, 12-21, 31, 120;
the handmaid of architecture, 101;
took a pictorial form with the Italians, 121, 132, 161, 177, 195;
necessarily assumes a subordinate position in Christian
architecture, 122;
influence of goldsmith's work over the Florentine sculptors, 126;
the three periods of Italian sculpture, 177;
more precocious in its evolution than painting, 225

Sebastian del Piombo, influence of Michelangelo on his work, iii. 493;
his friendship with Berni, v. 363

Sebastian of Pontremolo, an early printer, ii. 376

Segni, Bernardo, belonged to the neutral Medicean party, i. 289;
his Florentine History, 278, 279;
its character and value, 292;
his knowledge drawn from practical life, 231, 280;
his account of Savonarola's legislation at Florence, 197 _note_ 1,
526 _note_ 1;
cited for the story of Jacopino Alamanni, 211;
for the factions of Siena, 207 _note_ 2;
for the dedication of Florence to Christ, 222 _note_ 1;
his description of the _Parlamento_ at Florence, 230 _note_ 1;
cited for the corruption of Florence, 231;
for the conduct of the Florentine exiles, 236;
his account of Guicciardini, 299 _note_ 2;
of Giovanni Bandini, 477 _note_ 1

Senarega, cited for the expulsion of the Jews by Ferdinand, i. 400
_note_ 2, 401

_Senato_, name of a council in some Italian cities, i. 35

Senator, supreme official in the Roman republic, i. 35

Seneca, influence of his tragedies on Italian playwrights, v. 127
_note_ 1, 130, 132 _note_ 1, 135

Sercambi, Giovanni, his _Novelle_, iv. 150 _note_ 1

_Sereni_, the, an Academy at Naples, ii. 366

Serfs, gradual emancipation of the, i. 66

Sermini, Gentile, his _Novelle_, v. 60, 97;
story of Anselmo Salimbeni and Carlo Montanini, v. 99

_Sermintese_, a form of Italian poetry adapted from the Provencal,
iv. 160, 257 _note_ 1

Sesto, Cesare da, the scholar of Lionardo da Vinci, iii. 484

Sforza, Anna, the wife of Alfonso d'Este, v. 140;
Ascanio, Cardinal, i. 163, 405, 565;
his monument by Sansovino, iii. 156;
Caterina Riario (wife of Girolamo Riario), 160 _note_ 1, 390;
Francesco, 86, 88;
enters Milan as conqueror, 87, 154, 163, ii. 281;
supported by Cosimo de' Medici, i. 91, 155;
acquired his despotism as leader of Condottieri, 113 _note_ 1,
153, 160, 163, 361, 364;
the son of a peasant, 116, 153, 160 _note_ 1;
treatment of his history by Machiavelli, 345;
his patronage of Filelfo, ii. 38, 282 (cp. 511);
his hospital at Milan, iii. 59;
Galeazzo, his assassination attempted by Girolamo Gentile, i. 168;
Galeazzo Maria, 165;
his assassination, 163, 166, 397 _note_ 2, 543;
his intrigue with Pietro Riario, 392;
Giovanni Galeazzo, 543;
murdered by his uncle Lodovico, 163, 480 _note_ 2, 555, v. 118;
doubts about his murder, i. 556 _note_ 1;
Lodovico, debt of the Milanese School of Painting to him, 79;
invites the French, 89, 90, 164, 538, 542, 546;
poisons his nephew, 163, 480 _note_ 2, 555, v. 118;
imprisoned in Loches, i. 547;
attempt to assassinate him, 397 _note_ 2;
his usurpation of power, 543, 548;
origin of his surname _Il Moro_, 547;
his character, 548;
joins the League of Venice against Charles, 576;
representations of Latin plays before him by the Ferrarese actors,
iv. 498, v. 140

Sforza (of Pesaro), Alessandro, his patronage of learning, ii. 302;
Costanzo, his patronage of learning, 302;
Giovanni, the husband of Lucrezia Borgia, i. 420

Sforzeschi, the, mercenary troops, i. 160, 362

Shakspere: his treatment of the story of Romeo and Juliet compared
with Bandello's, v. 71;
was probably acquainted with Bandello's _Novella_ of _Nicuola_ and
the comedy _Gli Ingannati_ before writing the _Twelfth Night_, 72

Shelley, quoted to illustrate the character of Venetian landscape,
iii. 350;
his opinion of the _Orlando Furioso_, v. 41 _note_ 1

Sicilian period of Italian literature, iv. 20;
period during which it flourished, 21, 27;
character of the dialect used by the Sicilian poets (the _lingua
aulica_), 22;
artificial nature of this poetry, 25;
translated into Tuscan idioms, 41, 42, 268;
traces of popular feeling in it, 26, v. 504;
its intrinsic weakness, iv. 44

Sicilies, Kingdom of the Two, united by Frederick II. to the Empire,
i. 68;
given by the Papacy to Charles of Anjou, 75

Sidney, Sir Philip, his ideal of a classic drama, v. 111, 136;
his praise of the tragedy of _Gorboduc_, 132 _note_ 1, 136;
took Sannazzaro's _Arcadia_ as the model of his own work, 211

Siena, produced no great work of literature, i. 79;
generally Ghibelline, 194 (cp. iv. 161);
discords of Siena, 207-209, 616, ii. 164, iii. 212, 213, 220;
distinguished by religious revivals as well as by factions, i. 620
_note_ 1, iii. 183, 220 (cp. iv. 281);
the Sienese bury a statue of Venus in the Florentine territory,
ii. 433, iii. 212;
architecture of the Sienese palaces, iii. 60;
independent origin of painting in Siena, 214;
the Sienese dedicate their city to the Virgin, 214, 357;
pageants at Siena in honour of S. Bernardino, iv. 315;
luxury of Siena in the middle ages, v. 96

---- S. Bernardino, Pacchia's paintings, iii. 501;
S. Domenico, Guido da Siena's _Madonna_, 214;
Sodoma's _S. Catherine at the Execution of Tuldo_, 500;
Duomo, the, contrasted with Northern cathedrals, 54;
its facade (by Giovanni Pisano), 110;
its mosaic pavements, 209, 502, iv. 130;
Duccio's altarpiece, iii. 215;
Pinturicchio's frescoes (in the Library), 302;
Church of Fontegiusta, Peruzzi's _Augustus and the Sibyl_, 501;
Monte Oliveto, Fra Giovanni's wood-carvings, 78 _note_ 2;
Signorelli's _Soldiers of Totila_, 286;
Sodoma's frescoes, 499, iv. 132, 343, v. 54

---- Palazzo Pubblico, iii. 61;
Taddeo di Bartolo's frescoes, 209;
Ambrogio Lorenzetti's frescoes, 210;
Simone Martini's _Virgin enthroned_, 217;
comparison of its decorations with those of the Ducal Palace,
Venice, 359

---- University, the: receives a diploma from Charles IV., ii. 118

---- Sienese School in Painting, the, characteristics of the early
Sienese masters, iii. 214, 216;
the scholars of Sodoma, 501

Sigismund, the Emperor, crowns Beccadelli poet at Siena, ii. 255;
Filelfo's mission to him at Buda, 268;
pageant in his honour at Lucca, iv. 315

Signorelli, Luca, his studies from the nude illustrate the changed
direction of art, iii. 23, 279, 292;
his frescoes at Orvieto, iii. 56, 280, 281, 282, iv. 414 _note_ 1;
the arabesques, ii. 440, iii. 283;
boldness and vigour of his genius, iii. 279;
indebtedness of Michelangelo to him, 279;
story of his painting his dead son, 280;
his study of human form, 285, 288;
his four types of form, 286, 288;
his quality as a colourist, 289;
the _Last Supper_ at Cortona, 289, 326 _note_ 1;
his treatment of mythology compared with that of other painters,
289-291;
said by Michelangelo to have treated him badly, 292 _note_ 1;
his visit to the Vasaris at Arezzo, 293;
Vasari's character of him, 293;
competes for the decoration of the Stanze of the Vatican, 300

Simone, his bas-reliefs at S. Francesco, Rimini, iii. 162

Simonetta, Cecco, his execution by Lodovico Sforza, i. 543, 548

Simonetta, La Bella, v. 230;
her relation to Giuliano de' Medici, iv. 403, 406 _note_ 1 (cp.
420-422);
her portrait by Botticelli, 406 _note_ 1;
painted by Lippo Lippi in his frescoes at Prato, 422

Simony of the Cardinals at Rome, i. 404, 406

Simplicity of character, as contemptible in Italy as in Greece during
the Peloponnesian war, i. 324

Sinigaglia, Massacre of, i. 324, 347, 427, 462

Sismondi, i. 64;
his special pleading for Republican institutions, 78, 115;
his description of Gian Galeazzo, 144;
quoted about the Condottieri, 159;
his account of the withdrawal of the Florentines from military
service, 226;
on the Venetian Council of Ten, 234 _note_ 1;
his argument that Italy would have been best off under a
confederation, 538 _note_ 1;
his calculation of the decline in number of the free citizens in
Italy, 547 _note_ 1

_Sitibondi_, the, an Academy at Bologna, ii. 366

Sixtus IV., his avarice, sensuality, and brutality, i. 105, 113,
393-396, iii. 146;
his low origin, i. 116, 388;
abettor of the Pazzi conjuration, 168, 396-398, iv. 447, v. 118;
his services to art, i. 384 _note_ 1;
amount of truth in the stories about him, 388 _note_ 1;
began the system of founding principalities for his family, 389;
his wars, 395;
his share in the creation of the Inquisition and the expulsion of
the Jews, 399-402;
invites Filelfo to Rome, ii. 285;
opens the Vatican Library to the public, i. 384 _note_ 1, ii. 227, 359;
his destruction of ancient monuments at Rome, 430;
dies of disappointment and rage, i. 396;
his monument by Antonio del Pollajuolo, iii. 147

_Smarriti_, the, an Academy at Faenza, ii. 366

Soardi Family, the, at Bergamo, i. 150

Soderini, Antonio, i. 202, 289, 308, 313 _note_ 1;
Cardinal, 414;
concerned in Petrucci's conspiracy, 437

Soderini, Piero, Gonfaloniere of Florence, i. 289, 314, iii. 308,
iv. 393;
Machiavelli's epigram upon him, i. 324, iii. 391;
aids in the reconciliation of Michelangelo with Julius II., iii. 402

Sodoma, competes for the decoration of the Stanze of the Vatican,
iii. 300;
his _Sebastian_, an instance of the introduction of pagan ideas
into Christian art, 34, 501;
his _Marriage of Alexander_, illustrating his treatment of the
antique, 291;
studied both under Lionardo da Vinci and Raphael, 499;
inferiority of his later manner, 500;
deficiency in composition of his pictures, 500

Soldanieri, Niccolo, his Lyrics, iv. 156

Soleri, Anna, i. 581

_Sonnachiosi_, the, an Academy at Bologna, ii. 366

Spaniards, cruelty of the, i. 478, ii. 441, 444

Sparta: comparison between Venice and Sparta, i. 234

Spenser, his mistake in supposing the _Orlando Furioso_ to be an
allegory throughout, v. 21

Speroni, Speron, v. 78;
his correspondence with Aretino, 410 _note_ 1;
his tragedy of _Canace_, 130;
his pastoral poems, 224;
a passage quoted from his Dialogues to show the spirit in which
the Italian purists worked, 252-256;
the _Dialogo delle Lingue_, 271 _note_ 1

Spina, Bartolommeo di, takes part in the controversy raised by the
publication of Pomponazzi's _De Immortalitate Animae_, v. 461

Spinelli, Matteo, doubtful authenticity of his Chronicle, iv. 36,
130 _note_ 1, 415 _note_ 1

Spinello, Aretino, the scholar of Giotto, iii. 197;
vigour of his work, 219;
his love of warlike subjects, 220;
various paintings of his, 219

Spino, Pietro, his _Life of Bartolommeo Colleoni_, iii. 144

Spirito, Convent of Santo, at Florence, Marsigli's Circle in, ii. 102

Spoleto, a Lombard Duchy, i. 48;
its fate, 48 _note_ 1, 50

Spoleto, the Cathedral: Filippo Lippi's frescoes, iii. 246

Squarcione, his school of art at Padua, iii. 236, 270

Stampa, Gaspara, v. 288

Stefani, Marchionne, iv. 176

Stefano da Bergamo, his tarsia work at Perugia, iii. 78 _note_ 2

Stephani, the Estienne family of printers at Paris, i. 23, ii. 373,
383, 391;
Henricus (the younger) refuses his books to Casaubon, 390 _note_ 3

Stephen II., invites the Franks against the Lombards, i. 50;
Stephen X., 60

_Storditi_, the, an Academy at Bologna, ii. 366

_Stornelli_, meaning of the term, iv. 264;
their antiquity, 269;
their themes, 272;
purer in the country than in the towns, 272

_Strambotti_, meaning of the term, iv. 264

Straparola, Francesco, his _Tredici piacevoli Notti_, v. 60, 78, 102;
the _Novella_ of the Devil and his Wife compared with Machiavelli's
_Belphegor_, 102

Strozzi, the, of Ferrara, iv. 457;
their panegyrics of Lucrezia Borgia, i. 422

---- Ercole, his elegies, ii. 497;
advocates the sole use of Latin against Bembo, 414, v. 259;
assassinated, i. 423;
Lucia, mother of Boiardo, iv. 457

Strozzi, the, at Florence, i. 210 _note_ 2

---- Alessandra, her Letters, iv. 176, 190 _note_ 1, v. 190;
Filippo (1), account of his building the Palazzo Strozzi, iii. 77
_note_ 1;
Filippo (2), leader of the Florentine Exiles, i. 211, 237, 280;
general agreement of the historians upon his character, 285, 287;
advises Lorenzo de' Medici (Duke of Urbino) to make himself Duke
of Florence, 286;
his vices and inconsistent conduct, 286;
his death, 287;
Marietta di Palla, Desiderio's bust of her, iii. 159;
Palla, a scholar of Giovanni da Ravenna, ii. 100;
aids Salutato to found the Chair of Greek at Florence, 106, 109;
learns Greek from Chrysoloras, 110;
his patronage of learning, 165, 223;
first collects books to form a public library, 166;
exiled by Cosimo de' Medici, 167, 170;
Pietro, story of his threat to assassinate Aretino, v. 406

Sulmona, traditional reverence for Ovid there, ii. 30, iv. 12

Sulpizio da Veroli, his letter to Cardinal Riario mentioning the
representations of Plautus and Terence at Rome, v. 139 _note_ 1

Sweynheim, printer at Rome, ii. 368

Sylvius, AEneas. (_See_ Pius II.)

Syncerus, Accius. (_See_ Sannazzaro.)

Syphilis, first noticed in Charles' army at Naples, i. 567, 567
_note_ 1, ii. 477

Taddeo di Bartolo, iii. 216;
his frescoes in the Palazzo Pubblico, Siena, 209;
his _Visit of the Apostles to the Virgin_, in S. Francesco, Pisa, 218

_Talento_, use of the word, in early Italian writers, iv. 106

Tansillo, Luigi, his pastoral poems, v. 224

Tardolus, Laomedon, tortured by the Spaniards at the Sack of Rome,
ii. 445

Tarlati di Pietra Mala, Bishop Guido dei, i. 83;
his tomb, iii. 210 _note_ 2

Tasso, Bernardo (father of the poet), the story of his life, v. 297;
his Letters and Miscellaneous Poems, 299;
Aretino's criticism of the Letters, 411;
his _Amadigi_, 299;
failed to gain popular applause, 299;
his _Floridante_, 300 _note_ 1;
Torquato, his ascription of part of the _Morgante_ to Ficino,
iv. 455 _note_ 3;
his genius representative of the Counter-Reformation, 464, v. 2;
his censure of Ariosto's inductions, v. 23;
contrast of Ariosto and Tasso, 44;
the _Aminta_ with Guarini's _Pastor Fido_, the perfection of the
Italian pastoral drama, 114, 223, 241;
completes the Italian reaction against the middle ages, 244;
the most original dramatic works in Italian, 511;
essentially lyrical nature of the _Aminta_, 511;
its opposition of an ideal world of freedom to the world of laws,
242;
the chorus on the Age of Gold, illustrative of Italian ideas of
honour, i. 486, v. 243

Taxes, farming of, at Perugia, i. 86 _note_ 1

Tebaldeo, Antonio, his Pastoral Poems, v. 224, 282 _note_ 3

Tedaldi, Pieraccio, his Sonnet on Dante, iv. 162;
discouragement expressed in his poems, 165

Telesio, v. 449;
Telesio and Campanella, 483;
his importance in the history of thought, 483-485, 500, 518

Ten, Council of, at Venice. (_See_ Council of Ten.)

Terence, influence of, on the Italian playwrights, v. 122, 136, 145, 181;
representations of, in the original, at Rome, 138;
at Ferrara, 139-142;
early translations of Terence, forming the beginning of Italian
comedy, 140

Terra Cotta, beauty of Italian, iii. 79, 151, 163

Terracina, Laura, v. 288

Terzi, Ottobon, i. 150, 151;
assassinated, 120

Tessiras, a scholar of Poliziano, ii. 350

Theatres, the lack of permanent theatres a hindrance to national
drama in Italy, v. 144;
the first, that built by order of Alfonso I. at Ferrara, iv. 499,
v. 144;
theatre built by Leo X. at Rome, v. 144;
the Teatro Farnese at Parma, 144

Theodoric, reign of, i. 46, 47, 51

Thomas of Aquino, S., the _Summa_, i. 60, v. 450, 468;
teaching of S. Thomas on the soul, v. 469

Thucydides, his account of Greek morality compared with the state of
Italy at the Renaissance, 325

Tiburzio, conspiracy of, at Rome, i. 386

Tiepolo, conspiracy of, at Venice, i. 217 _note_ 1, 218

Tifernas, Gregorios, translates the _Ethics_ for Nicholas V., ii. 229

Tintoretto [Jacopo Robusti], his sense of beauty, iii. 377;
compared with Titian and Veronese, 378;
inequality of his work, 379;
character of his genius, v. 46;
his _Bacchus and Ariadne_, illustrating his treatment of the
antique, iii. 291;
his _Paradise_ in the Ducal Palace, 358;
his vehemence and imaginativeness, 369, 370, 375;
his preference of subjects more properly belonging to poetry, 376;
story of his offering to paint Aretino's portrait, v. 406

Titian, his portrait of Cardinal Ippolito de' Medici, ii. 27;
sensuousness of his work, iii. 25;
the friend of Sansovino and Aretino, 167, 168, v. 398, 409;
a letter of his quoted for the project of making Aretino Cardinal,
v. 405 _note_ 2;
his _Bacchus and Ariadne_, illustrating his treatment of the
antique, iii. 291;
perfect balance of his powers, 370, 379;
the _Three Ages of Man_, v. 522;
the _Assumption of Madonna_, iii. 380

Todi, S. Maria della Consolazione (by Bramante), iii. 82;
birthplace of Jacopone, iv. 285

Tolommei, Claudio, his _Cesano_, v. 271 _note_ 1

Tommaso, a Dominican monk, his preaching at Milan, i. 621

Tommaso (son of Andrea da Pontedera), iii. 123

Tommaso da Sarzana. (_See_ Nicholas V.)

Tornielli Family, the, of Novara, i. 145

Torquemada, i. 400

Torrensi, the, or Della Torre family, at Milan: their rise to power,
i. 112;
their downfall, 132, 136

Torriani, the, of Verona, ii. 506

Torrigiani, his account of Michelangelo's scornfulness, iii. 386
_note_ 2;
his quarrel with Michelangelo, 432, 445;
invites Cellini to accompany him to England, 444;
Cellini's description of him, 445;
his death, 445

Torrigiani, Marchionne, poems of, iv. 164

Tortello, Giovanni, librarian to Nicholas V., ii. 229

Tortosa, the Cardinal of. (_See_ Adrian VI.)

Tourneur, Cyril, the plots of his dramas compared with real events in
Italian history, v. 117, 118

Towns, buying and selling of, i. 114, 134, 148

Traini, Francesco, his _Triumph of S. Caterina_, Pisa, iii. 207

Translations of the classics, executed by command of Nicholas V., ii. 228

Trapezuntius, Georgios, teaches Greek in Italy, ii. 210;
employed by Nicholas V. in translating Plato and Aristotle, 228;
his quarrel with Valla, 242, 263;
his fight with Poggio, 243;
his controversy with Bessarion, 247

Traversari, Ambrogio (Il Camaldolese), his account of Vittorino's
system of education, i. 177;
a scholar of Giovanni da Ravenna, ii. 100;
learns Greek from Chrysoloras, 110;
cited for the high pay of the copyists, 130;
his distraction between scholarship and the claims of the Church,
193-195;
cited in proof of Poggio's account of Filelfo's marriage, 269 _note_ 1;
the only great monastic scholar of the Renaissance, 517;
one of the best class of Humanists, 523

Tremacoldo, his murder of the Vistarini, i. 148 note 1

Treviso, culture of the Trevisan Court, iv. 6, 15

---- Monte di Pieta, _The Entombment_ (by Giorgione?), iii. 367 _note_ 2

Tribune, name of magistrate in some Italian cities, i. 35

Trifone [Trifone Gabrielle], i. 233, v. 78, 253 _note_ 1

Trinci, the, at Foligno, massacres of the, i. 121, 122

Trissiniana, La, an Academy founded by Giangiorgio Trissino, v. 302

Trissino, Ciro (son of Giangiorgio Trissino), v. 303;
murdered, 305;
Giangiorgio, story of his life, 300;
the pupil of Demetrius Chalcondylas, 301;
his magnificence and studious retirement, 302;
always attracted to Court life, 303;
his quarrel with his son Giulio, 303-305;
inserts a virulent satire on his son in his _Italia Liberata_, 304;
accuses him of heresy in a codicil of his will, 304;
his device of the Golden Fleece, 305;
his _Italia Liberata_, 126, 127, 306;
its dulness and unpoetical character, 307, 520;
compared with Milton's Epics, 308;
his _Sofonisba_, the first Italian tragedy, 126, 236, 301, 305;
its correctness and lifelessness, 127;
his comedy, the _Simillimi_, 305;
his testimony to the corruption of Rome, 190, 303;
his friendship with Giovanni Rucellai, 236;
his orthographical disputes with Firenzuola, 271, 306;
his _Poetica_, 306;
discovers the _De Eloquio_ of Dante, 306;
Giulio (son of Giangiorgio Trissino), his quarrel with his father,
303, 325 _note_ 2;
denounced as a heretic by his father in his will, 304;
condemned by the Inquisition and dies in prison, 304

Trivulzi, Giovan Jacopo da, i. 552, 573

Tuldo, Niccolo, story of his execution as related by S. Catherine of
Siena, iv. 174

Tullia di Aragona, the, poetess, v. 288

Turini, Baldassare, ii. 405

Turks, descent of the, upon Otranto, i. 399, 572 (cp. v. 122)

Turpin, the Chronicle of, iv. 432

Tuscan, superiority of, to other Italian dialects, iv. 31;
early recognition of this, 31

Tyrannicide, popular estimation of, in Italy, i. 169;
influence of the study of antiquity in producing tyrannicide, 165,
466, 468, v. 414

Uberti, the, at Florence, their houses destroyed as traitors, iii. 63;
Fazio degli, his _Dittamondo_ cited for a description of Rome in
desolation, ii. 154, iv. 167;
character of the _Dittamondo_, iv. 166-168;
his _Sermintese_ on the cities of Italy, 160;
his _Ode on Rome_, 160

Uccello, Paolo, his study of perspective, iii. 225, 232;
his love of natural studies, 226, 231 _note_ 1

Ugolini, Baccio, said to have composed music for the _Orfeo_, iv. 414

Ugolino da Siena, his painting of the Madonna in Orsammichele,
Florence, iii. 125

Uguccione da Fagiuola, tyrant of Lucca, i. 75 _note_ 1, 112;
introduced in the frescoes in the Campo Santo, Pisa, iii. 203

Umbria,
distinguished by its pietism, i. 620 _note_ 1, iii. 182, 220, iv. 281

---- Umbrian School in painting, the, its originality, 182

_Umidi, Gli_, an Academy at Florence, v. 79, 272;
Il Lasca and the _Umidi_, 79 _note_ 2;
Doni once its secretary, 90

_Umorosi_, the, an Academy at Bologna, ii. 366

Universities, Italian, their character, ii. 115;
number of foreigners attending them, 119;
liberality of the town governments to them, 119;
pay of professors in them, 120;
subordinate position of the Humanist professors in them, 123

Urban VIII., consecrates S. Peter's, iii. 93

Urbino, its position in Italian history, v. 498

---- Castle of, iii. 59, 76;
wood panelling in, 78 _note_ 2

Urbino, Dukes of, first dynasty (_see_ Montefeltro);
second dynasty (_see_ Rovere);
encouragement of the pottery works of Gubbio by the Princes of
Urbino, i. 80

Valdes, John, his suicide during the Sack of Rome ii. 445

Valeriano, patronised by Ippolito de' Medici, ii. 405;
his _De Literatorum Infelicitate_ quoted for the sufferings of the
learned in the Sack of Rome, 443, 542 (cp. 530);
for the Latin periphrases employed by scholars, 397;
cited for Inghirami's eloquence, 425 _note_ 1;
his work on hieroglyphics, 428

Valla, Lorenzo, the tutor of Ferdinand of Naples, i. 174;
his Declamation against the Donation of Constantine, 377 _note_ 2,
386, ii. 260;
his stipend at Pavia, ii. 122;
his translations of Thucydides, Homer, and Herodotus, 228, 262;
appointed Apostolic Scriptor by Nicholas V., 229, 262;
his quarrel with Poggio, 240 _note_ 1, 241, 263;
with Trapezantios and with Morando, 242, 263;
cited for Alfonso the Magnanimous' love of learning, 253;
his opposition to the Church, 258, 261;
the publication of the _Elegantiae_ brings him into fame, 259 (cp. 526);
invited to Naples by Alfonso, 261;
his appearance before the Inquisition, 262;
his dispute with Fazio, 263;
his character of Aurispa, 302 _note_ 1;
the _De Voluptate_, v. 455, 457, 519

Valori, Baccio, i. 230, 285;
Filippo, bears the expense of printing Ficino's Plato, ii. 326

Vandyck, Antony, his portrait of Cardinal de' Bentivogli, ii. 27

Van Eyck, John, his power of colouring, iii. 349;
comparison of his works with those of the Venetian masters, 361

Vanini, his execution, v. 478

Vannucci, Pietro. (_See_ Perugino.)

Varallo, S. Maria delle Grazie, iii. 489;
the terra-cotta groups in the Sacro Monte, cited in illustration of
the Sacred Drama, iv. 327 _note_ 1

Varani, the, of Camerino, i. 111, 375;
massacre of them, 121, 164 _note_ 1;
members of this family become Condottieri, 161

Varano, Giovanni, his murder, i. 119 _note_ 2;
Giulio Cesare, story of, 121;
murdered with three of his sons by Cesare Borgia, 122, 353, 427

Varchi, Benedetto, his Florentine History, i. 278, 279;
employed by Duke Cosimo to write the work, 281;
its character and value, 293;
written in a liberal spirit, 289;
Varchi's labour in writing the History, 249 _note_ 2;
his study of Tacitus and Polybius, 250 _note_ 1;
account of the Florentine government, 195 _note_ 1 (_see_ also
Appendix ii. vol. i.);
the Genoese constitution of 1528, 201 _note_ 1;
Savonarola's legislation, 202 _note_ 2;
the defects of the Florentine State, 204;
the population of Florence, 209;
censure of the _Ordinanze della Giustizia_, 225, 244;
the corruption of Florence, 231, 282;
Florentine intelligence, 232;
the conduct of the Florentine exiles, 236;
the dedication of Florence to Christ, 222 _note_ 1;
the _Parlamento_ at Florence, 237 _note_ 2;
character of Guicciardini, 296, 296 _note_ 2, 298 _note_ 1, 299
_notes_ 1, 2 and 3, 300 _note_ 2;
the reception of Machiavelli's _Prince_ at Florence, 326;
character of Machiavelli, 333;
Italian immorality, 477 _note_ 1;
Florentine habits of life, Appendix ii. (p. 595);
description of the friars who preached in Rome in Clement's
Pontificate, 620;
the murder of Alessandro de' Medici by his cousin Lorenzino, v. 118;
---- the _Ercolano_ (_Dialogo delleLingue_), v. 271 _note_ 1;
its account of Varchi's early training, iv. 237;
the Dissertation on Buonarroti's Sonnets, iii. 520, v. 297;
the pastoral poems, v. 224;
Varchi sides with Caro in his quarrel with Castelvetro, 286;
his _Capitoli_, 365;
his correspondence with Aretino, 410 _note_ 1

Vasari, Giorgio, finishes the cupola of the Umilta at Pistoja, iii. 83;
the Lives of the Painters, ii. 36;
their inaccuracy, iii. 103, 116;
ascribes Florentine intelligence to the Tuscan air, i. 232;
his remark on the indebtedness of Michelangelo to Signorelli, iii. 279;
the story of Signorelli's painting his dead son, 280;
his relation of Signorelli's visit to Arezzo, 293;
his character of Signorelli, 293;
his account of Perugino, 297, 299;
on Lionardo da Vinci, 323, 324;
on Raphael's gentleness, 329;
his panegyric of Michelangelo, 424, 494;
his account of Benvenuto Cellini, 440;
the story of the picture painted by Botticelli for Palmieri, iv. 171;
the midsummer festivals at Florence, 318, 325;
the _Triumph of Death_, 393-395, v. 114;
the festivals organised by Rustici, v. 115;
Vasari's friendship with Michelangelo and Aretino, 409 _note_ 2

Vatican library, its foundation, i. 21, ii. 227, 357;
opened to the public by Sixtus IV., 384 _note_ 1, ii. 227, 359;
librarians of the Vatican from Inghirami to Aleander, 424

Vaucluse, Petrarch's residence at, iv. 87, 96

Vegio, Matteo, the only writer of Latin verse in the Renaissance who
took the cowl, ii. 517

Velletti, Agostino, author of the novel in verse of Ginevra degli
Almieri, iv. 250;
analysis of the story, 250

Venasso, Antonio da, murdered at Sinigaglia by Cesare Borgia, i. 351

Veneziano, Marco, his friendship with Berni, v. 363

Venice, defeat of the Venetians by Francesco Sforza, i. 155;
selfish policy of Venetians in not supporting the Milanese, 155;
neutrality of Venice in the French invasion, 550 _note_ 1;
heads the league against Charles VIII., 576;
hostile to the Roman Church, 35, iii. 353, 357, v. 89, 393;
hatred of Venice by other States, i. 91, 214;
never entrusted her armies to Venetians, 157, 220;
contentment of the Venetians with their government, 198, 200, 215,
220, 233, iii. 353;
political isolation of Venice, i. 214;
Venetian constitutional history, 215-219;
good government of the subject cities by Venice, 220;
liberty of life and speech at Venice, iv. 364, v. 393, 497;
estimates of the number of inhabitants, i. 210;
divisions of the population, 215;
trading spirit of Venice, 238, iii. 353;
Venetian luxury, i. 475, iii. 167, 353, iv. 365, v. 191;
unenthusiastic character of Venetian religion, iii. 357-359;
contrast of Venice and Florence, i. 221, 222 _note_ 1, 231, 306
_note_ 2, iii. 182, 354;
comparison between Venice and Sparta, i. 234, 306 _note_ 2;
beauty of Venice, iii. 348;
Venetian art isolated from that of the rest of Italy, iii. 313;
architecture of the Venetian palaces, 60;
literature not encouraged at Venice, i. 79, 233, ii. 108, 212, 247
_note_ 3, 441, v. 497;
early Venetian printers, ii. 369, 376, 386;
the press at Venice, iv. 364, v. 96, 104;
Frari, the, Donatello's (wooden) statue of the Baptist, iii. 136
_note_ 2;
S. Giovanni e Paolo ('S. Zanipolo'), the Tombs of the Doges, 162;
S. Maria dell' Orto, Tintoretto's paintings, 376 _note_ 1;
S. Mark, its style borrowed from the mosques of Alexandria, 44, 45;
the bronze door of the sacristy by Sansovino, 168, v. 424;
S. Zaccaria, Giovanni Bellini's _Madonna with Saints_, iii. 365

---- Scuola di S. Croce, iii. 363;
its decorations by Gentile Bellini, 363;
Scuola di Sant' Orsula, 363;
its decorations by Carpaccio, 363, iv. 343, v. 54;
Scuola di San Rocco, iii. 85;
Tintoretto's paintings, 375 _note_ 1, 380

---- Ducal Palace, the, iii. 61, 355, 376 _note_ 1;
contrast of its decorations with those of the Public Palace of
Siena, 359;
Palazzo Corner, 85;
---- Vendramini Calergi, 85

---- Library of S. Mark's, the, iii. 85

Venetian Masters, the, distinguished by their preference for sensuous
beauty, iii. 182, 340, 354, 453, iv. 402;
influence of the peculiar character of Venice upon them, iii. 348;
their art to be compared to that of Greece, 355, 357;
their personification of Venice, 233, iii. 355, 356, 360;
quality of their religion, 357-359, 361, 364;
originality of their art, 361 _note_ 1, 362;
comparison between them and the Flemish masters, 361;
subjects of their art, i. 233, iii. 362;
the unity and solidarity of the Venetian school, 371;
their naturalness, 382

Veniero, Lorenzo, his relations to Aretino, v. 419

Venusti, Marcello, influence of Michelangelo on his works, iii. 493

Vercelli: Ferrari's frescoes, iii. 489;
High School, the, ii. 116

Vergerio, Pier Paolo (the elder), a scholar of Giovanni da Ravenna,
ii. 100

Vergerio, Pier Paolo, Bishop of Capo d'Istria, his attack on Della
Casa, v. 275 _note_ 1, 381 _note_ 1;
his account of Berni's conversion to Lutheranism, 378 _note_ 1;
relates that Berni's object in the _rifacimento_ of the _Orlando
Innamorato_ was the diffusion of Lutheran opinions, 378-380;
his flattery of Aretino, 410 _note_ 1

Verme, Jacopo dal, leader of Condottieri, i. 150

Verocchio, Andrea, importance of his influence, iii. 141;
limitations of his genius, 142;
various works of his at Florence, 142, 145;
his equestrian statue of Colleoni, 143

Verona: S. Anastasia, monument of the Cavalli, iii. 163;
tombs of the Scaligers, 124, 163

Veronese, Paolo, his _Europa_, illustrating his treatment of
mythology, iii. 291, 374;
his appearance before the Inquisition, 359, 446 _note_ 1;
his sense of magnificence, 370 (cp. v. 398 _note_ 2);
subjects of his art, iii. 372, 374;
his types of beauty compared with those of Rubens, 372;
his sobriety of imagination and excellence of workmanship, 373-374

Verradi, Carlo, his _Ferrandus Servatus_, v. 117 _note_ 1

Verucchio, capture of, i. 176

Vesc, Stephen de, Seneschal de Beaucaire, his influence with Charles
VIII., i. 541

Vespasiano, his contempt for printing, ii. 304, 370;
the last of the copyists, and the first of modern booksellers, 306;
value of his work, and goodness of his character, 307;
reason why he wrote in Italian, iv. 235;
his Biographies, 265 _note_ 1;
his Life of Duke Frederick of Urbino, 174, 176, 179;
the library which he collected for the Duke of Urbino, 175, ii. 304;
cited for the Life of Pandolfino, i. 239 _note_ 1, iv. 199;
does not mention him as author of the _Governo della Famiglia_,
iv. 199;
his account of Poggio and Bruni, i. 275;
his Life of Alfonso the Magnanimous, 480 _note_ 1, 569 _note_ 1;
his Life of San Bernardino, 612;
quoted for Italian profligacy, 477 _note_ 1;
his Life of Piero de' Pazzi, ii. 42 _note_ 1;
his account of how Palla degli Strozzi brought Chrysoloras to
Florence, 109;
cited for Strozzi's services to learning, 166;
copies MSS. for Cosimo de' Medici, 174;
relates how he collected books for Cosimo, 175;
quoted for Cosimo's versatility of talent, 176;
his anecdote of Cosimo's pruning his own fruit trees, v. 196;
his Life of Niccolo de' Niccoli, ii. 178;
his Life of Carlo Marsuppini, 186, 530;
his Life of Manetti, 186 _note_ 1;
his description of Tommaso Parentucelli (Nicholas V.) in the
Medicean circle at Florence, 224;
the catalogue of Niccolo's MSS. made by Tommaso, 174;
his account of his interview with Tommaso after his election, 226;
his character of Nicholas, 226;
his story of Pope Calixtus in the Vatican Library, 357;
cited for Vittorino da Feltre's purity of character, 297;
for the virtues of the Cardinal di Portogallo, iii. 154, v. 324
_note_ 1

Vespucci, Guido Antonio, i. 201

Vettori, Francesco, i. 197 _note_ 1, 203 _note_ 1, 230;
the friend of Machiavelli, 315, 317 _note_ 1, 322 _note_ 2, 318;
his _Sommario della Storia d' Italia_, Appendix v. vol. i.

Vicars of the Church, their passage to tyranny, i. 111.

Vicars of the Empire, i. 35, 106, 133;
their passage to tyranny, 111, 156

Vicenza, early printing at, ii. 376;
luxury of the nobles of Vicenza, v. 191

---- Palazzo della Ragione, by Palladio, iii. 95;
representation of Anguillara's _Edippo_ there, v. 134

---- High School, the, ii. 116;
attendance of foreigners there, 119;
its early decline, v. 497

Vico of the Prefetti at Viterbo, Francesco, murder of, i. 120, 168
_note_ 1

Victor, John Bonifacius, tortured by the Spaniards at the Sack of
Rome, ii. 445

Victor II., i. 59

Vida, made Bishop of Alba, ii. 403, 407;
his Cremonese origin, illustrating the loss of intellectual
supremacy by Florence, 506;
frigid purism of his _Christiad_, 398, 399 (cp. 535, v. 519);
quoted to illustrate the subjects in which the poets of the
Renaissance best succeeded, ii. 400;
the _Art of Poetry_, 471-476;
the apostrophe to Rome, 475, v. 522;
translated (prose), ii. 475

Vidovero, of Brescia, murdered by Pandolfo Malatesta, i. 113 _note_ 1

_Vignajuoli, I_, name of an Academy at Rome, ii. 365, v. 227, 272, 357

Vignate, Giovanni, the millionaire of Lodi, i. 114;
imprisoned in a wooden cage by Filippo Visconti, 120

Vignola, his labours at S. Peter's, iii. 93;
his 'Treatise on the Orders,' 95, 96 _note_ 1;
character of his genius, 96

Vigonca, the hero of an anonymous Maccaronic poem by a Paduan author,
v. 331, 479 _note_ 1

Villani, Chronicle of the, iv. 176;
its value, i. 251-260;
praised by Vespasiano, 276

---- Filippo, continues the Chronicle of Florence, i. 254;
his Lives of illustrious Florentines, 255;
cited for the story of Boccaccio at the tomb of Virgil, ii. 88,
iv. 102;
apologises for his father not having written in Latin, iv. 236;
Giovanni, his Chronicle of Florence, i. 251, 254;
his reasons for undertaking it, 253, ii. 30, 144;
cited for the division of Guelfs and Ghibellines, i. 81;
for the rise of the Condottiere system, 156;
his account of the Flagellants, 618;
his relation of the taxes raised in Florence to build the Cathedral,
iii. 64;
his story of the representation of Hell by burghers of the Borgo S.
Friano, 198, v. 114;
his description of Florentine festivals, iv. 50, 51;
Matteo, his description of the despots, i. 128;
continues his brother's Chronicle, 254;
cited for the assassination of Matteo Visconti, 137 _note_ 1;
for the cruelty of Bernabo Visconti, 139 _note_ 1;
his account of the 'Black Death,' 259, iv. 111, v. 191;
of the preaching of Fra Jacopo, i. 610;
of the foundation of the Florentine University, ii. 119

_Villotta_, a name in N.E. Italy for the _Rispetti_, iv. 264, 266