Chapter XXVIII: Appendix

I. WORKS WHICH DESCRIBE ORGANS OR SETS OF ORGANS IN THE FROG.

*Bettade, E.*, Sulle diverse forme delle R. temp. in Europa e più
particolammente nell’ Italia. Venezia, 1885.

*Brehm, A. C.*, Illustriertes Thierleben. Hildburghausen, 1869. Vol. V.

*Burdon-Sanderson*, Handbook for the Physiological Laboratory. London,
1873.

*Camerana, L.*, Recherches sur les variations de in R. esculenta et du
Bufo viridis dans le bassin de la Méditerranée. Paris, 1883.

*Carus, C. G.*, Lehrbuch der vergleichenden Zootomie. 2nd Edit.
Leipzig, 1834.

*Cepède, Comte de la*, Histoire naturelle des quadrupèdes ovipaires et
des serpens. Paris, 1808.

*Dugès*, Recherches anatomiques et physiologiques sur les Reptiles.
Ext. des Annales des Sciences naturelles. Paris, 1827.

*Duméril and Bibron*, Erpétologie générale ou histoire complète des
Reptiles. 1836.

*Ecker, A.*, Icones physiologicae. Leipzig, 1851–1859.

*Fatio, V.*, Faune des vertébrés de la Suisse. Genève et Bâle, 1872.

*Gegenbaur, C.*, Grundzüge der vergl. Anatomie. Leipzig, 1870.

*Gegenbaur, C.*, Grundriss der vergl. Anatomie. Leipzig, 1878.

*Gerlach*, Handbuch der Histologie. 1853–1854.

*Gesner, C.*, Historia Animalium. Liber I. 1551.

*Gesner, C.*, Icones Animalium. 1560.

*v. Griesheim, A.*, Ueber die Zahlenverhältnisse der Geschlechter bei
R. fusca. Pflüger’s Arch. f. d. ges. Physiol. 1881. Vol. XXVI, p. 3.

*Hoffmann, C. K.*, Bronn’s Klassen und Ordnungen des Thierreichs.
Vol. VI, Amphibien. Leipzig, 1873–1878.

*Howes, G. B.*, An Atlas of Practical Elementary Biology. London, 1885.

*Huxley, T.*, Anatomy of the Vertebrated Animals. London, 1871.

*Huxley, T.*, Lectures on the Elements of Comparative Anatomy.

*Huxley, T.*, Article Amphibia, Encyclopaedia Britannica. IXth Edit.
1875.

*Klein, E.*, Beiträge zur Anatomie der ungeschwänzten Batrachier.
Jahreshefte. Württemberg, 1850, pp. 1–84.

*Klein, E.*, and *Noble Smith*, Atlas of Histology. London, 1879–1880.

*Kloezke, C. G.*, Dissertatio anatomica de Rana cornuta. Berolini, 1816.

*v. Kölliker, A.*, Handbuch der Gewebelehre. 5th Edit. Leipzig, 1867.

*Kuhl, H.*, Beiträge zur Zoologie der Rana esculenta: in Beitr. z.
Zool. Frankfurt a. M., 1820.

*Laurenti, J. N.*, Synopsis Reptilium. Viennae, 1768.

*Leydig, F.*, Lehrbuch der Histologie. Frankfurt a. M., 1857.

*Marshall, A. M.*, The Frog. 3rd Edit. London and Manchester, 1888.

*Mayer, A. F.*, Beiträge zu einer anatomischen Monographie der Rana
pipa. Acad. Caes. Leop. Nov. Acta, 1825. Vol. XII, p. 527.

*Meckel, J.*, Beiträge zur vergleichenden Anatomie. Leipzig, 1811.

*Meckel, J.*, System der vergleichenden Anatomie. Halle, 1833.

*Mivart, St. Geo.*, On the Classification of the Anurous Batrachians.
Proc. Zool. Soc. 1869.

*Mivart, St. Geo.*, The Common Frog. London, 1874.

*Müller, J.*, Beiträge zur Anatomie und Naturgeschichte der Amphibien.
Tiedemann’s Zeitschr. 1831, p. 190.

*Müller, J.*, The Physiology of the Senses, etc. Translated by W. Baly.
London, 1848.

*Owen, R.*, Anatomy of the Vertebrates. London, 1866.

*Ranvier, L.*, Leçons d’anatomie générale. Paris, 1880.

*Rösel v. Rosenhof*, Historia naturalis ranarum nostratium. Nürnberg,
1758.

*Rudolphi and Breyer*, Observationes anatomicae circa abricam Ranae
pipae. Berolini, 1811.

*Rusconi, M.*, Développement de la grenouille commune. Milan, 1826.

*Schneider, J. G.*, Historia amphibiorum. Jenae, 1799.

*Schwalbe, G.*, Lehrbuch der Anatomie der Sinnesorgane. Erlangen, 1885.

*Stannius, H.*, Zootomie der Amphibien (Handb. der Zoot. der
Wirbelthiere, 2 Buch). 2nd Edit. Berlin, 1856.

*Stricker, S.*, Beiträge zur Biologie der Batrachier. Wien. Zool. Bot.
Verhandl. 1866. Vol. XVI, pp. 451–456.

*Stricker, S.*, Handbuch der Gewebelehre.

*Stricker, S.*, Manual of Human and Comparative Histology. Translated
by H. Power. London, 1870.

*Swammerdam, J.*, Biblia Naturae Amstelodamensis. (Dutch and Latin by
Gaubius. Leidae, 1738.)

*Todd and Bowman*, The Physiological Anatomy and Physiology of Man.
London, 1845–1857.

*Vogt, C.*, Zoologische Briefe. Frankfurt a. M., 1851.

*Wagler, J.*, Natürliches System der Amphibien. München, Stuttgart, and
Tübingen, 1830.

*Wagner, R.*, Lehrbuch der vergleichenden Anatomie. Leipzig, 1834–1835.

*Wagner, R.*, Icones Zootomicae. Leipzig, 1841.

*Wagner, R.*, Handwörterbuch der Physiologie. 1842.

*Waters, W. H.*, Histological Notes. Manchester and London, 1884.

*Wiedersheim, R.*, Lehrbuch der vergleichenden Anatomie der
Wirbelthiere. 2nd Edit. Jena, 1886.

*Wiedersheim, R.*, Elements of Comparative Anatomy of Vertebrates.
Translated by N. Newton Parker. London, 1886.

II. WORKS RELATING TO THE EMBRYOLOGY AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE FROG.

*Balfour, F. M.*, Treatise on Comparative Embryology. London, 1880.

*Born, G.*, Beiträge zur Bastardirung zwischen den einheimischen
Anurenarten. Pflüger’s Arch. f. d. ges. Physiol. 1883. Vol. XXXII,
p. 453.

*Durham, H. E.*, Note on the presence of a Neurenteric Canal in Rana.
Quart. Journ. Micros. Sci. 1886. Vol. XXVI, p. 509.

*Giles, A. E.*, The development of the fat-bodies in Rana temporaria.
Quart. Journ. Micros. Sci. 1888. Vol. XXIX.

*Goette, A.*, Kurze Mittheilungen aus der Entwicklungsgeschichte der
Unke. Arch. f. mik. Anat. 1873. Vol. IX, p. 396.

*Goette, A.*, Entwicklungsgeschichte der Unke. Leipzig, 1875.

*Hertwig, O.*, Die Entwicklung des mittleren Keimblattes der
Wirbelthiere. Jena, 1883.

*Johnson, A.*, and *Sheldon, L.*, Notes on the Development of the Newt
(Triton cristatus). Quart. Journ. Micros. Sci. 1886. Vol. XXVI,
p. 573.

*Marshall, A. M.*, The Frog: An Introduction to Anatomy, Histology, and
Embryology. 3rd Edition. Manchester and London, 1888.

*Pflüger, E.*, Einige Beobachtungen zur Frage über die das Geschlecht
bestimmenden Ursachen. Pflüger’s Arch. f. d. ges. Physiol. 1881.
Vol. XXVI.

*Pflüger, E.*, Hat die Concentration des Samens einen Einfluss auf das
Geschlecht? Pflüger’s Arch. f. d. ges. Physiol. 1883. Vol. XXIX,
p. 1.

*Pflüger, E.*, Zusammenstellung der Ergebnisse und Erörterung der
Principien der Zeugung. Pflüger’s Arch. f. d. ges. Physiol. 1883.
Vol. XXXII, p. 542.

*Pflüger, E.*, and *Smith, W. J.*, Experimente über Bastardirung der
anuren Batrachier. Pflüger’s Arch. f. d. ges. Physiol. 1883.
Vol. XXXII, p. 519.

*Remak*, Untersuchungen über die Entwickelung der Wirbelthiere. Berlin,
1855.

*Schultze, O.*, Zur ersten Entwickelung des braunen Grasfrosches.
Leipzig, 1887.

*Schultze, O.*, Die Entwicklung der Keimblätter und der Chorda dorsalis
von Rana fusca. Zeitschr. f. wiss. Zool. 1888. Vol. XLVII, p. 325.

*Spencer, W. B.*, Some Notes on the Early Development of Rana
temporaria. Quart. Journ. Micros. Sci. 1885. (Supplement.)

*Stricker, S.*, Untersuchungen über die Entwicklung des Kopfes der
Batrachier. Arch. f. Anat. u. Physiol. 1864, p. 52.

*Törok, A.*, Beiträge zur Kenntniss der ersten Anlagen der Sinnesorgane
und der primären Schädelformation bei den Batrachiern. Moleschott’s
Untersuchungen, 1870. Vol. X, p. 338.

III. ADDITIONS TO THE LISTS GIVEN AT THE HEADS OF THE SECTIONS.

1. THE BONES.

*Albrecht, P.*, Note sur le basi-occipital des batraciens anoures.
Extr. d. Bullet. d. Musée royal d’hist. nat. de Belgique. 1883.
Vol. II.

*Born, G.*, Die sechste Zehe der Anuren. Morphol. Jahrb. 1876. Vol. I.

*Born, G.*, Ueber das Skelet des Fersenhöckers von Rana fusca, etc.
Sitzungsb. d. Schles. Gesell. f. vaterländ. Cultur. 1879.

*Born, G.*, Nachträge zu Carpus und Tarsus. Morph. Jahrb. 1880. Vol. VI.

*Ecker, A.*, Icones physiologicae. Leipzig, 1881–1889.

*Ecker, A.*, Die Anatomie des Frosches. 2nd Edition. Braunschweig,
1888, pp. 17–62.

*Gegenbaur*, Untersuchungen zur vergl. Anatomie der Wirbelsäule bei
Reptilien und Amphibien. Leipzig, 1862.

*Gegenbaur*, Grundzüge der vergl. Anatomie. Leipzig, 1870.

*Goette, A.*, Brustbein und Schultergürtel auf
entwickelungsgeschichtlicher Grundlage verglichen bei Amphibien und
Anurioten. Arch. f. mik. Anat. 1877. Vol. XIV, p. 502.

*Howes, G. B.*, On some abnormalities of the Frog’s vertebral column.
Anat. Anz. 1886. Vol. I, Pt. II.

*Leydig, F.*, Ueber den Bau der Zehen bei Batrachiern und die Bedeutung
des Fersenhöckers. Morphol. Jahrb. 1876. Vol. II.

*Parker, W. K.*, A monograph on the structure and development of the
shoulder-girdle and sternum. Ray. Soc. 1867.

*Schneider, J. G.*, Historia amphibiorum. Jenae, 1799.

*Stöhr, P.*, Zur Entwickelungsgeschichte des Anurenschädels. Zeitschr.
f. wiss. Zool. 1881. Vol. XXXVI.

*Törok, A.*, Beiträge zur Kenntniss der ersten Anlagen der Sinnesorgane
und der primären Schädelformation bei den Batrachiern. Moleschott’s
Untersuchungen. 1870. Vol. X, p. 338.

2. THE MUSCLES.

*Albrecht, P.*, Beitrag zur Morphologie des M. omohyoides und der
ventralen inneren Interbranchial-Musculatur. Inaug. Dissert. Kiel,
1876.

*Ecker, A.*, Die Anatomie des Frosches. 2nd Edition. Braunschweig,
1888, pp. 65–139.

*Hoffmann, C. K.*, Bronn’s Klassen und Ordnungen des Thierreichs.
Vol. VI. Amphibien. Leipzig, 1873–1878.

*Howes, G. B.*, An Atlas of Practical Elementary Biology. London, 1885.

3. NERVOUS SYSTEM.

*Engelmann, T. W.*, Ueber die Discontinuität des Axencylinders und
den fibrillären Bau der Nervenfasern. Pflüger’s Arch. f. d. ges.
Physiol. 1880. Vol. XXII, p. 1.

*Grandry*, Recherches sur la structure interne du cylindre de l’axe et
des cellules nerveuses. Bull. de l’Acad. Roy. du Belgique. 1868.

*Hodge, C. F.*, Some effects of stimulating ganglion-cells. (Some
anatomical details regarding the relations of nerve-fibres with
nerve-cells are given.) American Journ. of Phys. 1888.

*Owsjannikow, P.*, Ueber die Rinde des Grosshirns. Mémoires de l’acad.
impériale des sciences de St. Pétersbourg. 1879. Series VII,
Vol. XXVI, No. 11.

*Spiro*, Physiologisch-topographische Untersuchungen am Rückenmark
des Frosches. Mémoires de l’acad. impériale des sciences de St.
Pétersbourg. 1870. Series VII, Vol. XVI, No. 7.

*Waldeyer, W.*, Untersuchungen über den Ursprung und Verlauf des
Axencylinders. Henle u. Pfeuffer’s Zeitschr. 1864. Vol. XX,
pp. 193–257.

Consult also: *Gerlach, J.*, *Mayer, S.*, and *Schultze, M.*, in
Stricker’s Handbuch der Gewebelehre.

4. THE VASCULAR SYSTEM.

*Barthol, P.*, Sopra il sistema linfatico dei Rettili. Pavia, 1833.

*Blaschek, A.*, Untersuchungen über Herz, Pericard, Endocard, und
Pericardhöhle. Schenk’s Mitt. 1885. New Series, p. 32.

*Eberth, C. J.*, in Stricker’s Handbuch der Gewebelehre.

*Klein, E.*, On the peripheral distribution of non-medullated
nerve-fibres (nerves of the blood-vessels in the frog’s tongue).
Quart. Journ. Micros. Sci. 1872. Vol. XII, p. 123.

*Mayer, S.*, Studien zur Histologie und Physiologie des
Blutgefässsystems. Wiener Sitzungsb. 1886. Vol. XCIII, Pt. III,
p. 45.

*v. Recklinghausen, F.*, (The lymphatics) in Stricker’s Handbuch der
Gewebelehre.

*Rollett, A.*, (The Blood) in Stricker’s Handbuch der Gewebelehre.

*Teichmann, L.*, Untersuchungen über das Saugadersystem. Leipzig, 1861.

5. THE ALIMENTARY CANAL.

*Heidenhain, R.*, Beiträge zur Kenntniss des Pancreas. Pflüger’s Arch.
f. d. ges. Physiol. 1875. Vol. X, p. 557.

*Krause, W.*, Anatomische Untersuchungen (Tongue). Hannover, 1861.

Consult also: *Klein, E.*, The Oral Cavity and the Oesophagus; *Müller,
W.*, The Spleen; *Eberth, C. J.*, The Liver, in Stricker’s Handbuch
der Gewebelehre.

6. THE LUNGS AND LARYNX.

*Holmgren, F.*, Methode zur Beobachtung des Kreislaufs in der
Froschlunge. Beitr. z. Anat. u. Physiol. Festgabe f. C. Ludwig.
Leipzig, 1874.

*Meckel, J. F.*, Beiträge zur Geschichte des Respirations-Systemes der
Amphibien. Meckel’s Arch. 1849. Vol. V.

*Schmidt, C.*, De l’épithelium pulmonaire. 1866.

*Williams*, Article Respiration, in Todd’s Cyclopaedia of Anat. and
Physiol. 1859. Vol. V.

7. THE URINO-GENITAL SYSTEM, THE ADRENALS, AND THE FAT-BODIES.

*Aeby, C.*, Ueber glatte Muskelfasern im Ovarium und Mesovarium von
Wirbelthieren. Arch. f. Anat. u. Physiol. 1859, p. 675.

*Giles, A. E.*, The development of the fat-bodies in Rana temporaria.
Quart. Journ. Micros. Sci. 1888. Vol. XXIX.

*Grohe, F.*, Ueber die Bewegung der Samenkörper. Virchow’s Arch. 1865.
Vol. XXXII, p. 416.

*Virchow, R.*, Ueber die Dotterplättchen bei den Fischen und Amphibien.
Zeitschr. f. wiss. Zool. 1849. Vol. IV.

Consult also: *Eberth, C. J.*; *v. La Valette St. George*; *Ludwig,
C.*; *Grünwald*; *Obersteiner, H.*; and *Stricker, S.*, in
Stricker’s Handbuch der Gewebelehre.

8. THE SKIN AND SENSE-ORGANS.

a. _The Skin._

*Busch, A.*, Phänomene aus dem Leben der Pigmentzellen. Arch. f. Anat.
u. Physiol. 1856, p. 415.

b. _Special Organs of Tactile Sensation._

*Mitrophanow, P.*, Zur Entwicklungsgeschichte und Innervation der
Nervenhügel der Urodelenlarven. Biologisches Centralb. 1887, p. 174.

c. _The Organs of Taste._

*Beale, L. S.*, New Observations upon the Minute Anatomy of the
Papillae of the Frog’s Tongue. Phil. Trans. 1865. Vol. CLV, p. 443.

*Engelmann, T. W.*, in Stricker’s Handbuch der Gewebelehre.

*Maddox, R. L.*, A Contribution to the Minute Anatomy of the Fungiform
Papillae and terminal arrangement of Nerve to striped Muscular
Tissue in the Tongue of the common Frog. Monthly Micros. Journ.
1869, p. 1.

d. _The Ear._

*Albrecht, P.*, Sur la valeur morphologique de la trompe d’Eustache.
Communication faite à la Société d’Anatomie Pathologique de
Bruxelles. 1884.

*v. Kölliker*, Handbuch der Gewebelehre. 5th Edit. Leipzig, 1867.

*Leydig, F.*, Handbuch der Histologie. Frankfurt a. M., 1857.

*Rüdinger*, in Stricker’s Handbuch der Gewebelehre.

e. _The Nose._

*Marshall, A. M.*, Morphology of the Vertebrate Olfactory Organ. Quart.
Journ. Micros. Sci. 1879. Vol. XIX, p. 330.

f. _The Eye._

*Ciaccio, G. V.*, Beobachtungen über den inneren Bau des Glaskörpers im
Auge des Menschen und der Wirbelthiere im Allgemeinen. Moleschott’s
Untersuchungen, 1870. Vol. X, p. 383.

*Hannover* and *Finkbeiner*, Vergleichende Untersuchungen der Stärke
des Glaskörpers bei den Wirbelthieren. Zeitschr. f. wiss. Zool.
1855. Vol. VI, p. 335.

*Hirschberg, J.*, Zur Dioptric und Ophthalmologie der Fish- und
Amphibienaugen. Arch. f. Anat. u. Physiol. 1887, p. 493.

*Ranvier, L.*, Le mécanisme de la Sécrétion. Leçons faites au Collége
de France en 1886–1887. (Nictitating membrane.)

Consult also: *Rollett* and *Stieda*, in Stricker’s Handbuch der
Gewebelehre.

INDEX.

Abducens nerve, p. 171.
" nucleus, 146.
Acetabulum, 48.
Acromial, 39.
Adrenals, 348.
Ala magna, 25.
" temporalis, 25.
Alar cartilages, 28.
Alimentary canal, 258.
Ampulla anterior, 396.
" external, 398.
" posterior, 398.
Angulo-splenial, 34.
Ankle, 50.
Anterior ampulla, 396.
" brachial lymph-sac, 259.
" brachio-radial septum, 258.
" brachio-ulnar septum, 258.
" chamber, 409.
Aorta dorsal, 233.
Aponeurosis plantaris, 105.
Arachnoid, 162.
Arteria basillaris, 163.
" bulbi, 222.
" circumflexa genu. lat. sup., 238.
" " " " inf., 238.
" " " med. sup., 238.
" " " " inf., 238.
" comm. ant., 163.
" coraco-clavicularis, 231.
" costo-cervicalis, 231.
" cruris inf., 239.
" cut. calcanei, 239.
" cut. fem. med., 237.
" " " post., 237.
" " pectoris, 231.
" haemorrhoid. inf., 236.
" lobi hemisph. inf. ext., 163.
" " " sup. int., 163.
" " optici, 163.
" malleol. lat., 240,
" malleol. med., 240.
" pharyngo-maxill., 230.
" ramus auricularis, 228, 230.
" " maxillaris comm., 228.
" " " inf., 230.
" " " sup., 228.
" " orbito-nasalis, 228.
" scapularis post., 232.
" " sup., 232.
" spinalis ant., 163.
" subscapularis, 232.
" suralis, 239.
Arteries, 222.
" of brain, 162.
" of choroid, 411.
" of foot, 240.
" of hyaloid, 421.
" of iris, 413.
" of skin, 376.
" of vitreous body, 421.
Artery, ant. palatine, 224.
" " tibial, 239.
" brachial, 232.
" carotid, 224.
" ciliary, 226.
" coeliaco-mesenteric, 233.
" femoral, 236.
" gastric, 233.
" haemorrhoidal, 235.
" hepatic, 298.
" hyaloid, 226.
" iliac, 235.
" internal carotid, 225.
" laryngeal, 226.
" lingual, 224.
" lumbar, 235.
" mesenteric, 234.
" occipital, 228.
" occipito-vertebral, 226.
" oesophageal, 226.
" ophthalmic, 225, 411, 413.
" peroneal, 231.
" pharyngeal, 224.
" post. palatine, 224.
" radial, 232.
" renal, 333.
" sciatic, 236.
" spermatic, 236.
" subclavian, 231.
" tibial, 238.
" ulnar, 233.
" urino-genital, 235.
" vertebral, 226.
" vesico-epigastric, 235.
Articular processes, 17.
Articulations of vertebrae, 19.
" of atlas, 24.
Arytenoid cartilages, 313.
Astragalus, 50.
Atlas, 18.
Auditory nerve, 172.
Auditory nucleus, 144.
Auerbach’s plexus, 292.
Auricles, 214.
Auriculo-ventricular valves, 216.
Axillary septum, 258.
Axis-cylinder, 202.

Bidder’s ganglion, 220.
Bile-ducts, 298.
Bladder, gall-, 295, 299.
" urinary, 338.
Blood, 262.
Bones and joints, 13.
Bowman’s glands, 387.
Brachial nerve, 183.
Brachio-ulnar lymph-sac, 259.
" radial " , 259.
Brain, 141.

Calcaneum, 50.
Calcified cartilage, 15.
Canales coccygei, 21.
Canalis vertebralis, 20.
" rami ant. acustici, 393.
Capitulum radii, 43.
Capsule of labyrinth, 391.
" of lens, 413.
Carotid arch, 222.
" gland, 223.
Cartilage, calcified, 15.
" of shoulder-girdle, 40.
" of skull, 29.
Cartilages of larynx, 312.
" of nose, 27, 385.
Cauda equina, 135, 189.
Cava recto-vesicalis, 304.
Cavitas sigmoidea maj., 43.
Central canal of cord, 137.
" group of cells, 139.
Cerebellum, 148.
Cerebral hemispheres, 156.
Chamber, anterior, 409.
" posterior, 420.
Chiasma, optic, 153, 155, 167.
Chorda dorsalis, 20.
Chordae tendineae, 216.
Choroid coat, 409.
" plexus of fourth vent., 142, 164.
" " third " , 153, 164.
Ciliary nerves, 169.
" processes, 420.
Circulus iridis major, 413.
Clavicle, 39.
Cloaca, 347.
Columella auris, 25, 390.
Commissura anterior, 159.
" inferior, 140.
" posterior, 159.
" superior, 140.
" transversa, 154.
Common bile-duct, 296.
Cones, 418.
Conus medullaris, 135.
Coracoid, 39.
Coracoid foramen, 39.
Cornea, 406.
Corpora quadrigemina, 152.
Corpus callosum, 158, 159.
" striatum, 158, 159.
Corpuscles of blood, 263.
" of Hassall, 321.
Coverings of brain and cord, 162.
Cranial nerves, 141, 167.
Cranium, 23.
Cricoid cartilage, 312.
Crista acustica, 397.
" deltoidea, 41.
" medialis, 42.
Crusta, petrosa, 279.
Cupula terminalis, 398.
Cutaneous glands, 372.
Cuticula dentis, 279.
Cutis, 369.
Cystic duct, 295.

Dentale, 35.
Dentary, 34.
Dentine, 279.
Descemet’s membrane, 407.
Dorsal lymph-sac, 255.
" roots, 140.
" septum, 252.
Duct, common bile-, 296.
" cystic, 295.
Ductus choledocus, 296.
" endolymphaticus, 398.
" fenestra ovalis, 394.
" perilymphaticus, 395.
" Wirsungianus, 301.
Dura mater, 162.

Ear, 389.
Enamel, 279.
Enlargements of cord, 133, 137.
Epicoracoids, 37.
Epidermis, 367.
Epiglottis, 317.
Episternum, 36.
Epithelium of ventricles, etc., 160.
Exoccipitals, 23.
External limiting membrane, 420.
Extrastapedial, 26, 390.
Eye, 405.
Eyelids, 422.

Facial nerve, 171.
Fat-bodies, 348.
Femoral lymph-sac, 260.
Fibrae arcuatae cerebelli, 149.
Fibres of brain, 161.
Filiform papillae, 380.
Filum terminale, 135.
Foramen condyloideum, 24.
" magnum, 23.
" Monroi, 157.
" ovale, 24.
" parietale, 156.
" rotundum, 392.
Formatio reticularis, 140.
Fossa condyloidea, 24.
" tympanica, 24.
Fourth ventricle, 142.
Fronto-parietal bones, 26.
Fungiform papillae, 380.

Gall-bladder, 295, 299.
Ganglia of bladder, 340.
" of heart, 220.
" of spinal, 177.
Ganglion ciliare, 168.
" condyloideum, 173.
" Gasserii, 168.
" interpedunculare, 152.
" layer, 415.
" nervi vagi, 173.
Gasserian ganglion, 168.
Glands, Bowman’s, 387.
" cutaneous, 372.
" gastric, 285.
" Harder’s, 424.
" intermaxillary, 280.
" Lieberkühn’s, 288.
" nasal, 386.
" oesophageal, 283.
" of nictitating membrane, 423.
" periganglionic, 180.
" thymus, 320.
" thyroid, 322.
Glossopharyngeal nerve, 172.
Goblet-cells, 289.
Goll’s columns, 140.
Grey matter, 139.

Hair-cells of ear, 404.
" of nose, 388.
Harder’s glands, 424.
Hassall’s corpuscles, 321.
Heart, 213, 214.
" endothelium, 320.
" muscle, 216.
" nerves, 219.
" structure of, 216.
Hepatic arteries, 421.
" portal system, 248.
" veins, 297.
Hip-joint, 49.
Humerus, 41.
Hyaloid artery, 421.
" membrane, 421.
Hyoid, 35.
Hypoglossal nerve, 182.

Ilia, 47.
Iliac lymph-sac, 257.
" septum, 253.
Inferior femoral septum, 259.
" sinus, 383.
Infundibulum, 153.
Inguinal septum, 254.
Inner molecular layer, 415.
" nuclear " , 416.
Interfemoral lymph-sac, 260.
Intermaxillary glands, 280.
Intermediate fem. septum, 259.
Internal ear, 391.
" limiting membrane, 414, 420.
" muscles of eye, 413.
Interstapedial, 25, 391.
Intestine, 286.
Intumescentia ant. and post., 135.
Iris, 412.
Ischia, 48.

Kidney, 332.
Knee-joint, 50.

Labyrinth membranous, 395.
" osseous, 391.
" structure, 402.
Lachrymal duct, 387.
Lagena cochlea, 400.
Lamina fusca, 411.
" suprachoroidea, 411.
" terminalis, 153, 157.
Large intestine, 292.
Laryngeal nerve, 175.
Larynx, 311.
Lateral group of cells, 139.
" lymph-sac, 255.
" sense-organs, 379.
" sinus, 380.
Lens, 413.
Lieberkühn’s glands, 288, 293.
Ligament. calcanei, 19.
" coronarium, 303.
" gastro-duodenale, 305.
" hepato-duodenale, 287, 295, 305.
" intercruralia, 19.
" interspinalia, 19.
" pectinatum iridis, 409.
" suspensor. hepatis, 304.
" verteb. comm. ant., 19.
" " " post., 19.
Limiting membrane, external, 420.
" " internal, 414, 420.
Lips, 275.
Literature on adrenals, 330.
" " alimentary canal, 268.
" " blood, 211.
" " blood-vessels, 205.
" " bones and joints, 13.
" " cartilage, 431.
" " connective tissues, 432.
" " ear, 356.
" " embryology, 436–437.
" " eye, 360.
" " fat-bodies, 330.
" " gall-bladder, 272.
" " general, 435–436.
" " heart, 205.
" " intestine, 270.
" " larynx, 309.
" " liver, 272.
" " lungs, 309.
" " lymph, 211.
" " lymphatic system, 209.
" " mouth, 268.
" " muscle structure, 427.
" " muscles, 54.
" " nervous system, 122.
" " nose, 357.
" " pancreas, 272.
" " peritoneum, 274.
" " respiratory system, 309.
" " skin, 353.
" " spleen, 273.
" " taste-organs, 356.
" " thymus, 310.
" " thyroid, 310.
" " touch-organs, 356.
" " urino-genital system, 326.
Liver, 294.
" cells, 298.
" pigment of, 299.
" vessels of, 297.
Lower eyelid, 422.
" nasal glands, 386.
Lungs, 317.
Lymph, 264.
Lymph-hearts, 261, 264.
Lymph-sacs of ant. extremity, 258.
" " of hinder extremity, 259.
" " of trunk, 251, 255, 264.
Lymphatic system, 251.

Macula lutea, 419.
Malpighian bodies of kidney, 334.
" " of spleen, 303.
Mandible, 34.
Maxillary bones, 32.
" septum, 253.
Meckel’s cartilage, 35.
Mediostapedial, 25, 390.
Medulla oblongata, 142.
Medullary segments, 202.
" sheath, 201.
Medullated nerves, 201.
Meissner’s plexus, 291.
Membrana choriocapillaris, 411.
" limitans ext., 420.
" " int., 414, 420.
" nictitans, 58, 422.
" suprachoroidea, 411.
Membrane of Descemet, 407.
Membranous labyrinth, 395.
Mentomeckelian cartilage, 35.
Mesocephalic ganglion, 168.
Metacarpus, 46.
Metatarsus, 52.
Meynert’s fibres, 155.
Molecular layer, inner, 415.
" " outer, 419.
Motor-oculi, 167.
Mouth, 275.
Movements of hand, 46.
Mucous glands of skin, 375.
Müller’s fibres, 420.
Muscle, histology, 433.
Muscles, 53.
Muscles of abdomen, 67.
" " back, 71.
" " cloaca, 347.
" " eye, external, 55.
" " " internal, 413.
" " face, 59.
" " foot, 105.
" " forearm, 84.
" " forelimb, 75.
" " hand, 87.
" " hinder limb, 94.
" " hyoid, 64.
" " larynx, 315.
" " lower jaw, 60.
" " skin, 119.
Musc. abduct. dig. I brev., 114.
" " " II " , 92.
" " " " long., 91.
" " " V, 113.
" " " V brev., 116.
" " " I long., 110.
" " " II " , 86.
" " " V prim., 91.
" " " V secund., 91.
" " hallucis, 109.
" " pollicis, 87.
" " brev., 114.
" adduct. brev., 100.
" " dig. I long., 109.
" " " II, 89.
" " " V, 113.
" " longus, 99.
" " magnus, 99.
" " pollicis, 87.
" anconaei, 87.
" antibrachii lat., 85.
" " med., 85.
" " prof., 85.
" biceps fem., 96.
" coccygeo-cutaneus, 120.
" " -iliacus, 74.
" coccygeo-sacralis, 73.
" compressor cloacae, 348.
" constrictor aditus laryngis, 315.
" constrictor iridis, 413.
" coraco-humeralis, 82.
" cucullaris, 71.
" cutaneus dorsi, 119.
" " pectoris, 119.
" dilator aditus laryngis, 315.
" deltoideus, 82.
" depressor maxill. inf., 60.
" " palpebrae inf., 58.
" dilator iridis, 413.
" " narium, 59.
" extensor brevis, 106.
" " carpi ulnaris, 86.
" " cruris brevis, 104.
" " digit. I brev., 114.
" " " " long., 114.
" " " II brev., 114.
" " " " long., 114.
" " " " prop. brev., 92.
" " " " " long., 92.
" " " III brev., 115.
" " " " long., 115.
" " " " prop., 93.
" " " IV, 116.
" " " " brev., 116.
" " " " prop., 93.
" " " V brev., 115.
" " " " long., 115.
" " " " comm. brev., 91.
" " " " " long., 87.
" " dorsi com m., 73.
" flex. antibrach. lat. superf., 85.
" " " med., 85.
" " " prof., 85.
" " brev. digit. I, 100.
" " " " IV, 112.
" " " " V, 113.
" " carpi radialis, 84.
" " " ulnaris, 84.
" " digit. comm., 85, 87.
" " " I, II, 108.
" " " II brev., 89.
" " " II long., 88.
" " " II prop., 110.
" " " II tert., 89.
" " " III brev., 89.
" " " III long., 89.
" " " III prop., 111.
" " " III, IV, V, 107.
" " " IV brev., 90.
" " " " long., 90.
" " " " prop., 112.
" " " V brev., 90.
" " " " long., 90.
" " " " prop., 113.
" " metacarp. digit. III, 90.
" " " " IV, 90.
" " metatars. digit. II, 110.
" " " " III, 111.
" " metatars. digit. IV, 112.
" " phal. prop. dig. III, 112.
" " " " " IV, ant., 113.
" " " " " IV, post., 113.
" " " " " V, 90.
" " " " , 113.
" " tarsi ant., 104.
" " " post., 114.
" gastrocnemius, 102.
" genioglossus, 66, 281.
" geniohyoideus, 64.
" glutaeus, 94.
" hyo-arytenoideus anterior, 315.
" " posterior, 315.
" hyoglossus, 66, 281.
" ilio-fibularis, 96.
" ilio-lumbaris, 74.
" ilio-psoas, 101.
" infraspinatus, 79.
" intercrurales, 75.
" interossei, 93, 113.
" " dorsales, 116.
" interscapularis, 78.
" intertransversar. cap. sup., 75.
" " " " inf., 75.
" " " dorsi, 75.
" lateralis narium, 60.
" latissimus dorsi, 72.
" levator ang. scap., 76.
" " bulbi, 57.
" longissimus dorsi, 72.
" lumbricales, 108.
" masseter, 62.
" nasalis ext., 60.
" obliquus ext., 67
" " inf., 56.
" " int., 67.
" " sup., 56.
" obturat., 182.
" omohyoideus, 65.
" opponens dig. I, 110.
" " " II, 89.
" " " V, 90.
" palmaris brev., 87.
" pectineus, 100.
" pectoralis, 80.
" petrohyoideus ant., 65.
" petrohyoidei post., 66, 315.
" plantaris, 107.
" protrahens scap., 76.
" pterygoideus, 61.
" pyriformis, 95.
" quadratus fem., 112.
" rectus abdom., 67.
" " extern. bulbi, 55.
" " fem. ant., 95.
" " infer. ", 55.
" " inter. ", 55.
" " intern. major, 97.
" " super. ant., 56.
" " intern. minor, 98.
" retractor bulbi, 56.
" sartorius, 97.
" semimembranosus, 97.
" semitendinosus, 100.
" sphincter ani, 347.
" sternohyoideus, 64.
" sternomastoideus, 76.
" sternoradialis, 82.
" submaxillaris, 62.
" submentalis, 63.
" subscapularis, 78.
" temporalis, 61.
" tibialis ant., 104.
" " post., 103.
" transverso-scapularis major, 77.
" " " minor, 77.
" transversus metacarp., 93.
" " plant., 108.
" triceps femoris, 95.
" vastus ext., 96.
" " int., 96.

Nasal bones, 33.
" cartilages, 385.
" glands, 403.
Nephrostomes, 336.
Nerve, abducens, 171.
" auditory, 172.
" brachial, 183.
" facial, 171.
" fifth spinal, 187.
" fourth spinal, 188.
" glossopharyngeal, 172.
" hypoglossal, 182.
" laryngeal, 175.
" oculo-motor, 167.
" olfactory, 167.
" optic, 167, 405.
" pathetic, 142, 168.
" palatine, 169.
" peroneal, 195.
" pneumogastric, 173.
" radial, 186.
" sixth spinal, 188.
" spinal, 175.
" structure of, 201.
" sympathetic, 197.
" third spinal, 188.
" tibial trigeminal, 168.
" vagus, 173.
Nerves, 167.
" of Cornea, 408.
" " ear, 403.
" " heart, 219.
" " lungs, 319.
" " oesophagus, 286.
" " skin, 378.
" " stomach, 286.
Nervi ciliares, 169.
Nervus coccygeus, 189.
" coraco-clavicularis, 183.
" cruralis, 189.
" cut. antibrach. inf., 185.
" cut. antibrach. sup., 185.
" cut. dorsi pedis lat., 196.
" ileo-hypogastricus, 189.
" peroneus, 195.
" " comm. inf., 196.
" " lateralis, 196.
" " medialis, 196.
" ramus accessorius, 174.
" " anterior, 173.
" " auricularis, 172.
" " cardiacus, 175.
" " cut. axillaris, 183.
" " cutaneus dors., 174.
" " " cruris lat., 196.
" " " " med., 194.
" " " " post., 194.
" " " fem., 189.
" " " lat., 187.
" " " med., 186.
" " " sup., 186.
" " dorsalis, 185.
" " gastricus, 175.
" " hyoideus, 172.
" " hyomandibularis, 172.
" " laryngeus, 175.
" " lateralis, 185.
" " mandibularis, 170.
" " maxillaris, 170.
" " maxillo-mandibularis, 170.
" " muscularis, 187.
" " ophthalmicus, 169.
" " palatinus, 171.
" " pectoralis, 185.
" " posterior, 173.
" " pulmonalis, 175.
" " scapularis, 174.
" " subscapularis, 185.
" " ulnaris lat., 186.
" " " med., 185.
" tibialis, 194, 195.
Neurilemma, 201.
Nictitating membrane, 422.
Non-medullated fibres, 202.
Nose, 383.
" skeleton, 27, 383, 385.
Nuclear layer, inner, 416.
" " outer, 416.
Nucleus abducens, 146.
" auditory, 144.
" centralis, 144.
" magnus, 147, 152.
" medullae oblongatae, 144.
" pneumogastric, 146.
" trigeminal, 145.

Oculo-motor nerve, 167.
" nucleus, 151.
Oesophageal glands, 283.
Oesophagus, 282.
Olfactory nerve, 167.
Omosternum, 36.
Operculo-angulare, 35.
Operculum, 25.
Optic chiasma, 153, 155, 167.
" commissure, 154.
" fibre layer, 414.
" lobes, 149.
" nerve, 167, 405.
" tracts, 152.
Os articulare, 35.
" capitato-hamatum, 45.
" cuboideum, 51.
" cuneiformia, 52.
" en ceinture, 27.
" lunatum, 44.
" multangulum maius, 45.
" " minus, 45.
" naviculare of foot, 51.
" " of hand, 45.
" occipitale basilare, 23.
" " superius, 23.
" pyramidale, 44.
Ostium abdominale, 304, 345.
Outer nuclear layer, 416.
Ovaries, 344.
Oviducts, 304, 345.

Palatine artery, 224.
" bones, 33.
" nerves, 169.
Pancreas, 300.
Papilla acustica lagenae, 400.
Papillae of skin, 370.
" of tongue, 380.
Parasphenoid, 26.
Pars basilaris cochleae, 400.
" commissuralis, 147, 152.
" media, 135.
" neglecta, 400.
" peduncularis, 143, 152.
Partes condyloideae, 23.
Pathetic nerve, 142, 168.
Pectoral lymph-sac, 255.
" septum, 253.
Pelvis, 47.
Pericardium, 213.
Periganglionic glands, 180.
Perilymphatic space, 393.
Perineal septum, 253.
Peritoneum, 303.
Phalanges of foot, 52.
" " of hand, 47.
Pia mater, 162.
Pigment of cerebellum, 149.
" " cord, 141.
" " hemispheres, 160.
" " liver, 299.
" " medulla, 148.
" " optic lobes, 152.
" " thalamencephalon, 155.
" " skin, 369.
Pigment-layer, 419.
Pineal body, 155.
Pituitary body, 154, 156.
Plexus, Auerbach’s, 292.
" lateralis, 165.
" Meissner’s, 291.
Pneumogastric nerve, 146, 173.
" " nucleus, 146.
Pons Varolii, 149.
Portal systems, 247.
" vein, 297.
Posterior chamber, 420.
Pre-arytenoid cartilages, 314.
Precoracoid, 40.
Premaxillary bones, 33.
Processes, articular, 17.
" spinous, 17.
" transverse, 17.
Processus coracoideus, 40.
" coronoideus, mandible, 34.
" " " radio-ulnar, 43.
" mastoideus, 24.
" zygomaticus, 30.
Prootic bones, 24.
Pterygoid bones, 31.
Pubes, 49.
Pulmo-cutaneous arch, 230.
Pulp-cavity, 279.
Purkinge’s cells, 148.

Radio-ulnar, 43.
Rami communicantes, 181, 199.
Rana aquatica, 3.
" esculenta, 4.
" flaviventris, 7.
" gibbosa, 3.
" innoxia, 3.
" oxyrhinus, 7, 9.
" rubeta, 3.
" temporaria, 7.
Receptaculum seminis, 337.
Recessus utriculi, 396.
Remak’s ganglion, 220.
Renal arteries, 333.
" portal vein, 332.
" veins, 333.
Reproductive organs, 341.
Retina, 414.
Retinal pigment, 419.
Ritter’s fibres, 418.
Rods and cones, 416.
Roots of spinal nerves, 175.
Round bundle, 154, 159.

Saccus endolymphaticus, 395, 398.
" fenestra ovalis, 395.
" perilymphaticus, 395.
Sacrum, 19.
Scapula, 37.
Sciatic artery, 236.
" nerve, 192.
" plexus, 191.
Sclerotic coat, 405.
Semicircular canal, ant., 396.
" " ", ext., 398.
" " ", post., 398.
Septa, of lymph-sacs, 252.
Septum medium, 139.
Serous glands of skin, 372.
Shoulder-girdle, 37.
" -joint, 42.
Sinus, superior, 383.
Sinus venosus, 214.
Skeleton, 15.
" of nose, 27, 383, 385.
Skin, 367.
Skull, 21.
Small intestine, 286.
Sphenethmoid, 27.
Spinal cord, 135.
" ganglia, 177.
" nerves, 135, 175, 181.
" roots of, 175.
Spinous processes, 17.
Spleen, 302.
Squamosal bones, 30.
Sternum, 36.
Styloid cartilage, 25.
Submaxillary lymph-sac, 255.
Substantia reticulosa, 138.
Sulcus longitud. inf., 135.
" " sup., 135.
Superior sinus, 383.
Supplemental toe, 5, 47, 374.
Supra-femoral lymph-sac, 260.
" " septum, 259.
Suprascapula, 37.
Suprastapedial, 26, 390.
Suspensorium, 30.
Sylvian aqueduct, 150.
Sympathetic system, 197.
Symphysis pubis, 48.
Systemic arch, 226.

Tactile sensation, organs, 377.
Taste-organs, 380.
Teeth, 278.
Tegmentum vasculosum, 395, 402.
Temporary papillae, 370.
Testis, 341.
Thalamenoephalon, 153.
Thalamus-tubercinereum strand, 154, 155, 159.
Third ventricle, 153.
Thymus gland, 320.
Thyroid gland, 322.
Tibio-femoral septum, 260.
Tibio-fibula, 49.
Toes, 5, 47, 374.
Tongue, 280.
Tonsils, 323.
Touch-corpuscles, 379.
" -spots, 378.
Transverse processes, 17.
Trigeminal nerve, 168.
" nucleus, 145.
Trochlear nerve, 168.
Truncus arteriosus, 216.
Tuberculus maius, 42.
Tympanic membrane, 389.
" ring, 26.
Tympanum, 389, 390.

Upper nasal gland, 386.
Ureters, 337.
Urinary bladder, 338.
" organs, 332.
Uriniferous tubes, 334.
Urino-genital system, 330.
Urostyle, 21.
Utricle, 396.

Vagus, 173.
Valvula cerebelli, 148.
Vasa efferentia, 341.
" recta, 412, 413.
Vein, anterior abdominal, 248.
" " caval, 241.
" " orbital, 245.
" " tibial, 250.
" brachial, 246.
" cardiac, 249.
" caval anterior, 241.
" " posterior, 246.
" cutaneous, 244.
" dorso-lumbar, 248.
" external jugular, 241.
" facial, 245.
" femoral, 249.
" gastric, 249.
" haemorrhoidal, 249.
" hepatic, 247, 297.
" hepatic portal, 249.
" iliac, 247.
" innominate, 242.
" internal jugular, 243.
" intestinal, 249.
" jugular, external, 241.
" " internal, 243.
" lingual, 241.
" mandibular, 242.
" median orbital, 243.
" nasal, 245.
" ophthalmic, 412.
" orbital anterior, 245.
" " median, 243.
" " posterior, 245.
" ovarian, 247.
" oviducal, 248.
" portal, 297.
" posterior caval, 246.
" posterior orbital, 245.
" pulmonary, 241.
" radial, 246.
" renal, 247, 333.
" renal portal, 332.
" sciatic, 247, 250.
" spermatic, 247.
" splenic, 249.
" subclavian, 244.
" subscapular, 244.
" ulnar, 246.
" vertebral, 244.
Veins, 241.
Vena bulbi anterior, 222.
" " superior, 412.
" " posterior, 222.
" spinalis anterior, 164.
" " posterior, 165.
" " superior, 164.
Ventral lymph-sac, 255.
Ventral nucleus, 155.
" septum, 252.
Ventricle of heart, 215.
Ventricles of brain, 153.
" of larynx, 316.
Vertebrae, 16.
" structure of, 20.
Vertebral column, 16.
Vessels of brain, 162.
" of liver, 297.
Vitreous body, 420.
Vocal cords, 315.
" sacs, 320.
Vomerine teeth, 276.
Vomers, 34.

Webs, 5, 275.
Wrist-joint, 45.

THE END.

The Anatomy of the Frog.

Plate I.

University Press Oxford.
]

The Anatomy of the Frog.

Plate II.

University Press Oxford.
]

_TRANSLATIONS OF FOREIGN BIOLOGICAL MEMOIRS._

I.

*The Physiology of Nerve, of Muscle, and of the Electrical Organ.*
Edited by J. BURDON-SANDERSON, M.D., F.R.SS. L. & E., Waynflete
Professor of Physiology in the University of Oxford. Medium 8vo.,
cloth, price 21_s._

II.

*The Anatomy of the Frog.* By Dr. ALEXANDER ECKER, Professor in the
University of Freiburg. Translated, with numerous Annotations and
Additions, by GEORGE HASLAM, M.D.; and profusely Illustrated.

III.

*Contributions to the History of the Physiology of the Nervous System.*
By Professor CONRAD ECKHARD. Translated by Miss EDITH PRANCE. _In
Preparation._

IV.

*Essays upon Heredity and Kindred Biological Problems.* By Dr. AUGUST
WEISMANN, Professor in the University of Freiburg-in-Breisgau.
Authorised Translation edited by EDWARD B. POULTON, M.A., F.L.S.,
F.G.S., Tutor of Keble College, Lecturer in Natural Science,
Jesus College, Oxford; SELMAR SCHÖNLAND, PH.D., Sub-Curator of
the Fielding Herbarium in the University of Oxford; and ARTHUR E.
SHIPLEY, M.A., F.L.S., Fellow and Lecturer of Christ’s College, and
Demonstrator of Comparative Anatomy in the University of Cambridge.
Medium 8vo., cloth, price 16_s._

Oxford

AT THE CLARENDON PRESS

LONDON: HENRY FROWDE

OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS WAREHOUSE, AMEN CORNER. E.C.

*Spelling corrections*:

brev → brevis
deltoides → deltoideus
Duges → Dugès
entricles → ventricles
evator → levator
Labratoire → Laboratoire
longitudina → longitudinal
Ponicaré → Poincaré
resistent → resistant
respectiveyl → respectively
Thanoffer → Thanhoffer
Tranverse → Transverse
Trevianus → Treviranus

*Spelling inconsistencies*:

Darmkanal/Darmcanal
maior/major
maius/majus
Monro/Monroe/Monroi
Entwickelung & Entwicklungsgeschichte (with and
without initial capitals)