Chapter I: Front Matter (1)

Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary

Version published 1913

by the C. & G. Merriam Co. Springfield, Mass. Under the direction of Noah Porter, D.D., LL.D.

M.

M (m). 1. M, the thirteenth letter of the English alphabet, is a vocal consonant, and from the manner of its formation, is called the labio-nasal consonant. See Guide to Pronunciation, §§ 178-180, 242.

The letter M came into English from the Greek, through the Latin, the form of the Greek letter being further derived from the Phœnician, and ultimately, it is believed, from the Egyptian. Etymologically M is related to n, in lime, linden; emmet, ant; also to b.

M is readily followed by b and p. the position of the lips in the formation of both letters being the same. The relation of b and m is the same as that of d and t to n. and that of g and k to ng.

2. As a numeral, M stands for one thousand, both in English and Latin.

M, n. 1. (Print.) A quadrat, the face or top of which is a perfect square; also, the size of such a square in any given size of type, used as the unit of measurement for that type: 500 m's of pica would be a piece of matter whose length and breadth in pica m's multiplied together produce that number. [Written also em.]

2. (law) A brand or stigma, having the shape of an M, formerly impressed on one convicted of manslaughter and admitted to the benefit of clergy.

M roof (Arch.), a kind of roof formed by the junction of two common roofs with a valley between them, so that the section resembles the letter M.

Ma (mä), n. [Cf. Mamma.] 1. A child's word for mother.

2. [Hind.] In Oriental countries, a respectful form of address given to a woman; mother. Balfour (Cyc. of India).

||Ma, conj. [It.] (Mus.) But; -- used in cautionary phrases; as, ||"Vivace, ma non troppo presto" (i. e., lively, but not too quick). ||Moore (Encyc. of Music).

Maa (?), n. [See New a gull.] (Zoöl.) The common European gull (Larus canus); -- called also mar. See New, a gull.

Maad (?), obs. p. p. of Make. Made. Chaucer.

Maa"lin (?), n. (Zoöl.) (a) The sparrow hawk. (b) The kestrel.

Ma'am (?), n. Madam; my lady; -- a colloquial contraction of madam often used in direct address, and sometimes as an appellation.

Ma"a*ra shell` (?). (Zoöl.) A large, pearly, spiral, marine shell (Turbo margaritaceus), from the Pacific Islands. It is used as an ornament.

||Ma*ash"a (?), n. An East Indian coin, of about one tenth of the ||weight of a rupee.

Maat (?), a. [See Mate, a.] Dejected; sorrowful; downcast. [Obs.] "So piteous and so maat." Chaucer.

Mab (mb), n. [Cf. W. mad a male child, a boy.]

1. A slattern. [Prov. Eng.]

2. The name of a female fairy, esp. the queen of the fairies; and hence, sometimes, any fairy. Shak.

Mab"ble (?), v. t. To wrap up. [Obs.]

Mab"by (?), n. A spirituous liquor or drink distilled from potatoes; -- used in the Barbadoes.

||Ma*bo"lo (?), n. (Bot.) A kind of persimmon tree (Diospyros discolor) ||from the Philippine Islands, now introduced into the East and West ||Indies. It bears an edible fruit as large as a quince.

Mac (?). [Gael., son.] A prefix, in names of Scotch origin, signifying son.

||Ma*ca"co (?), n. [Cf. Pg. macaco.] (Zoöl.) Any one of several species ||of lemurs, as the ruffed lemur (Lemur macaco), and the ring- tailed ||lemur (L. catta).

||Ma*ca"cus (?), n. [NL., a word of African origin. Cf. Macaco, ||Macaque.] (Zoöl.) A genus of monkeys, found in Asia and the East ||Indies. They have short tails and prominent eyebrows.

Mac*ad`am*i*za"tion (?), n. The process or act of macadamizing.

Mac*ad"am*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Macadamized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Macadamizing.] [From John Loudon McAdam, who introduced the process into Great Britain in 1816.] To cover, as a road, or street, with small, broken stones, so as to form a smooth, hard, convex surface.

Mac*ad"am road` (?). [See Macadamize.] A macadamized road.

Ma*ca"o (?), n. (Zoöl.) A macaw.

||Ma`caque" (?), n. [F. See Macacus.] (Zoöl.) Any one of several ||species of short-tailed monkeys of the genus Macacus; as, M. maurus, ||the moor macaque of the East Indies.

Mac`a*ran"ga gum` (?). A gum of a crimson color, obtained from a tree (Macaranga Indica) that grows in the East Indies. It is used in taking impressions of coins, medallions, etc., and sometimes as a medicine. Balfour (Cyc. of India).

Mac"a*rize, v. t. [Gr. &?; to bless.] To congratulate. [Oxford Univ. Cant] Whately.

Mac`a*ro"ni (?), n.; pl. Macaronis (#), or Macaronies. [Prov. It. macaroni, It. maccheroni, fr. Gr. &?; happiness, later, a funeral feast, fr. &?; blessed, happy. Prob. so called because eaten at such feasts in honor of the dead; cf. Gr. &?; blessed, i. e., dead. Cf. Macaroon.] 1. Long slender tubes made of a paste chiefly of wheat flour, and used as an article of food; Italian or Genoese paste.

A paste similarly prepared is largely used as food in Persia, India, and China, but is not commonly made tubular like the Italian macaroni. Balfour (Cyc. of India).

2. A medley; something droll or extravagant.

3. A sort of droll or fool. [Obs.] Addison.

4. A finical person; a fop; -- applied especially to English fops of about 1775. Goldsmith.

5. pl. (U. S. Hist.) The designation of a body of Maryland soldiers in the Revolutionary War, distinguished by a rich uniform. W. Irving.

{ Mac`a*ro"ni*an (?), Mac`a*ron"ic (?), } a. [Cf. It. maccheronico, F. macaronique.] 1. Pertaining to, or like, macaroni (originally a dish of mixed food); hence, mixed; confused; jumbled.

2. Of or pertaining to the burlesque composition called macaronic; as, macaronic poetry.

Mac`a*ron"ic (?), n. 1. A heap of thing confusedly mixed together; a jumble.

2. A kind of burlesque composition, in which the vernacular words of one or more modern languages are intermixed with genuine Latin words, and with hybrid formed by adding Latin terminations to other roots.

Mac`a*roon" (?), n. [F. macaron, It. maccherone. See Macaroni.] 1. A small cake, composed chiefly of the white of eggs, almonds, and sugar.

2. A finical fellow, or macaroni. [Obs.]

Ma*cart"ney (?), n. [From Lord Macartney.] (Zoöl.) A fire-backed pheasant. See Fireback.

Ma*cas`sar oil" (?). A kind of oil formerly used in dressing the hair; -- so called because originally obtained from Macassar, a district of the Island of Celebes. Also, an imitation of the same, of perfumed castor oil and olive oil.

||Ma*cau"co (?), n. (Zoöl.) Any one of several species of small lemurs, ||as Lemur murinus, which resembles a rat in size.

||Ma`ca*va"hu (?), n. (Zoöl.) A small Brazilian monkey (Callithrix ||torquatus), -- called also collared teetee.

Ma*caw" (?), n. [From the native name in the Antilles.] (Zoöl.) Any parrot of the genus Sittace, or Macrocercus. About eighteen species are known, all of them American. They are large and have a very long tail, a strong hooked bill, and a naked space around the eyes. The voice is harsh, and the colors are brilliant and strongly contrasted.

Macaw bush (Bot.), a West Indian name for a prickly kind of nightshade (Solanum mammosum). -- Macaw palm, Macaw tree (Bot.), a tropical American palm (Acrocomia fusiformis and other species) having a prickly stem and pinnately divided leaves. Its nut yields a yellow butter, with the perfume of violets, which is used in making violet soap. Called also grugru palm.

Mac`ca*be"an (?), a. Of or pertaining to Judas Maccabeus or to the Maccabees; as, the Maccabean princes; Maccabean times.

Mac"ca*bees (?), n. pl. 1. The name given in later times to the Asmonæans, a family of Jewish patriots, who headed a religious revolt in the reign of Antiochus IV., 168-161 B. C., which led to a period of freedom for Israel. Schaff-Herzog.

2. The name of two ancient historical books, which give accounts of Jewish affairs in or about the time of the Maccabean princes, and which are received as canonical books in the Roman Catholic Church, but are included in the Apocrypha by Protestants. Also applied to three books, two of which are found in some MSS. of the Septuagint.

<! p. 879 !>

{ Mac"ca*boy (?), Mac"co*boy (?), } n. [From a district in the Island of Martinique where it is made: cf. F. macouba.] A kind of snuff.

Mac"co (?), n. A gambling game in vogue in the eighteenth century. Thackeray.

Mace (?), n. [Jav. & Malay. ms, fr. Skr. msha a bean.] A money of account in China equal to one tenth of a tael; also, a weight of 57.98 grains. S. W. Williams.

Mace (?), n. [F. macis, L. macis, macir, Gr. &?;; cf. Skr. makaranda the nectar or honey of a flower, a fragrant mango.] (Bot.) A kind of spice; the aril which partly covers nutmegs. See Nutmeg.

Red mace is the aril of Myristica tingens, and white mace that of M. Otoba, -- East Indian trees of the same genus with the nutmeg tree.

Mace, n. [OF. mace, F. masse, from (assumed) L. matea, of which the dim. mateola a kind of mallet or beetle, is found.] 1. A heavy staff or club of metal; a spiked club; -- used as weapon in war before the general use of firearms, especially in the Middle Ages, for breaking metal armor. Chaucer.

Death with his mace petrific . . . smote.

Milton.

2. Hence: A staff borne by, or carried before, a magistrate as an ensign of his authority. "Swayed the royal mace." Wordsworth.

3. An officer who carries a mace as an emblem of authority. Macaulay.

4. A knobbed mallet used by curriers in dressing leather to make it supple.

5. (Billiards) A rod for playing billiards, having one end suited to resting on the table and pushed with one hand.

Mace bearer, an officer who carries a mace before persons in authority.

Mac`e*do"ni*an (?), a. [L. Macedonius, Gr. &?;.] (Geog.) Belonging, or relating, to Macedonia. -- n. A native or inhabitant of Macedonia.

Mac`e*do"ni*an, n. (Eccl. Hist.) One of a certain religious sect, followers of Macedonius, Bishop of Constantinople, in the fourth century, who held that the Holy Ghost was a creature, like the angels, and a servant of the Father and the Son.

Mac`e*do"ni*an*ism (?), n. The doctrines of Macedonius.

Ma"cer (?), n. [F. massier. See Mace staff.] A mace bearer; an officer of a court. P. Plowman.

Mac"er*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Macerated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Macerating.] [L. maceratus, p. p. of macerare to make soft, weaken, enervate; cf. Gr. &?; to knead.] 1. To make lean; to cause to waste away. [Obs. or R.] Harvey.

2. To subdue the appetites of by poor and scanty diet; to mortify. Baker.

3. To soften by steeping in a liquid, with or without heat; to wear away or separate the parts of by steeping; as, to macerate animal or vegetable fiber.

Mac"er*a`ter (?), n. One who, or that which, macerates; an apparatus for converting paper or fibrous matter into pulp.

Mac`er*a"tion (?), n. [L. maceratio: cf. F. macération.] The act or process of macerating.

{ ||Ma*chæ"ro*dus (m*k"r*ds), ||Ma*chai"ro*dus (m*k"r*ds), } n. [NL., fr. Gr. ma`chaira dagger + 'odoy`s tooth.] (Paleon.) A genus of extinct mammals allied to the cats, and having in the upper jaw canine teeth of remarkable size and strength; -- hence called saber-toothed tigers.

||Ma*che"te (m*ch"t), n. [Sp.] A large heavy knife resembling a ||broadsword, often two or three feet in length, -- used by the ||inhabitants of Spanish America as a hatchet to cut their way through ||thickets, and for various other purposes. J. Stevens.

Mach`i*a*vel"ian (?), a. [From Machiavel, an Italian writer, secretary and historiographer to the republic of Florence.] Of or pertaining to Machiavel, or to his supposed principles; politically cunning; characterized by duplicity or bad faith; crafty.

Mach`i*a*vel"ian, n. One who adopts the principles of Machiavel; a cunning and unprincipled politician.

{ Mach"i*a*vel*ism (?), Mach`i*a*vel"ian*ism (?), } n. [Cf. F. machiavélisme; It. machiavellismo.] The supposed principles of Machiavel, or practice in conformity to them; political artifice, intended to favor arbitrary power.

Ma*chic"o*la`ted (?), a. [LL. machicolatus, p. p. of machicolare, machicollare. See Machicolation.] Having machicolations. "Machicolated turrets." C. Kingsley.

Mach`i*co*la"tion (?), n. [Cf. LL. machicolamentum, machacolladura, F. mâchicolis, mâchecoulis; perh. fr. F. mèche match, combustible matter + OF. coulis, couleis, flowing, fr. OF. & F. couler to flow. Cf. Match for making fire, and Cullis.]

1. (Mil. Arch.) An opening between the corbels which support a projecting parapet, or in the floor of a gallery or the roof of a portal, for shooting or dropping missiles upon assailants attacking the base of the walls. Also, the construction of such defenses, in general, when of this character. See Illusts. of Battlement and Castle.

2. The act of discharging missiles or pouring burning or melted substances upon assailants through such apertures.

||Ma`chi`cou`lis" (?), n. [F. mâchicoulis.] (Mil. Arch.) Same as ||Machicolation.

Ma*chin"al (?), a. [L. machinalis: cf. F. machinal.] Of or pertaining to machines.

Mach"i*nate (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Machinated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Machinating (?).] [L. machinatus, p. p. of machinari to devise, plot. See Machine.] To plan; to contrive; esp., to form a scheme with the purpose of doing harm; to contrive artfully; to plot. "How long will you machinate!" Sandys.

Mach"i*nate (?), v. t. To contrive, as a plot; to plot; as, to machinate evil.

Mach`i*na"tion (?), n. [L. machinatio: cf. F. machination.] 1. The act of machinating. Shak.

2. That which is devised; a device; a hostile or treacherous scheme; an artful design or plot.

Devilish machinations come to naught.

Milton.

His ingenious machinations had failed.

Macaulay.

Mach"i*na`tor (?), n. [L.] One who machinates, or forms a scheme with evil designs; a plotter or artful schemer. Glanvill. Sir W. Scott.

Ma*chine" (m*shn"), n. [F., fr. L. machina machine, engine, device, trick, Gr. &?;, from &?; means, expedient. Cf. Mechanic.] 1. In general, any combination of bodies so connected that their relative motions are constrained, and by means of which force and motion may be transmitted and modified, as a screw and its nut, or a lever arranged to turn about a fulcrum or a pulley about its pivot, etc.; especially, a construction, more or less complex, consisting of a combination of moving parts, or simple mechanical elements, as wheels, levers, cams, etc., with their supports and connecting framework, calculated to constitute a prime mover, or to receive force and motion from a prime mover or from another machine, and transmit, modify, and apply them to the production of some desired mechanical effect or work, as weaving by a loom, or the excitation of electricity by an electrical machine.

The term machine is most commonly applied to such pieces of mechanism as are used in the industrial arts, for mechanically shaping, dressing, and combining materials for various purposes, as in the manufacture of cloth, etc. Where the effect is chemical, or other than mechanical, the contrivance is usually denominated an apparatus, not a machine; as, a bleaching apparatus. Many large, powerful, or specially important pieces of mechanism are called engines; as, a steam engine, fire engine, graduating engine, etc. Although there is no well-settled distinction between the terms engine and machine among practical men, there is a tendency to restrict the application of the former to contrivances in which the operating part is not distinct from the motor.

2. Any mechanical contrivance, as the wooden horse with which the Greeks entered Troy; a coach; a bicycle. Dryden. Southey. Thackeray.

3. A person who acts mechanically or at the will of another.

4. A combination of persons acting together for a common purpose, with the agencies which they use; as, the social machine.

The whole machine of government ought not to bear upon the people
with a weight so heavy and oppressive.

Landor.

5. A political organization arranged and controlled by one or more leaders for selfish, private or partisan ends. [Political Cant]

6. Supernatural agency in a poem, or a superhuman being introduced to perform some exploit. Addison.

Elementary machine, a name sometimes given to one of the simple mechanical powers. See under Mechanical. -- Infernal machine. See under Infernal. -- Machine gun.See under Gun. -- Machine screw, a screw or bolt adapted for screwing into metal, in distinction from one which is designed especially to be screwed into wood. -- Machine shop, a workshop where machines are made, or where metal is shaped by cutting, filing, turning, etc. -- Machine tool, a machine for cutting or shaping wood, metal, etc., by means of a tool; especially, a machine, as a lathe, planer, drilling machine, etc., designed for a more or less general use in a machine shop, in distinction from a machine for producing a special article as in manufacturing. -- Machine twist, silken thread especially adapted for use in a sewing machine. -- Machine work, work done by a machine, in contradistinction to that done by hand labor.

Ma*chine", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Machined (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Machining.] To subject to the action of machinery; to effect by aid of machinery; to print with a printing machine.

Ma*chin"er (?), n. One who or operates a machine; a machinist. [R.]

Ma*chin"er*y (?), n. [From Machine: cf. F. machinerie.] 1. Machines, in general, or collectively.

2. The working parts of a machine, engine, or instrument; as, the machinery of a watch.

3. The supernatural means by which the action of a poetic or fictitious work is carried on and brought to a catastrophe; in an extended sense, the contrivances by which the crises and conclusion of a fictitious narrative, in prose or verse, are effected.

The machinery, madam, is a term invented by the critics, to signify
that part which the deities, angels, or demons, are made to act in
a poem.

Pope.

4. The means and appliances by which anything is kept in action or a desired result is obtained; a complex system of parts adapted to a purpose.

An indispensable part of the machinery of state.

Macaulay.

The delicate inflexional machinery of the Aryan languages.

I. Taylor (The Alphabet).

Ma*chin"ing, a. Of or pertaining to the machinery of a poem; acting or used as a machine. [Obs.] Dryden.

Ma*chin"ist, n. [Cf. F. machiniste.] 1. A constrictor of machines and engines; one versed in the principles of machines.

2. One skilled in the use of machine tools.

3. A person employed to shift scenery in a theater.

Ma"cho (?), n. [Sp.] (Zoöl.) The striped mullet of California (Mugil cephalus, or Mexicanus).

Mac"i*len*cy (?), n. [See Macilent.] Leanness. [Obs.] Sandys.

Mac"i*lent (?), a. [L. macilentus, fr. macies leanness, macere to be lean.] Lean; thin. [Obs.] Bailey.

Mac"in*tosh (?), n. Same as Mackintosh.

Mack"er*el (?), n. [OF. maquerel, F. maquereau, fr. D. makelaar mediator, agent, fr. makelen to act as agent.] A pimp; also, a bawd. [Obs.] Halliwell.

Mack`er*el (?), n. [OF. maquerel, F. maquereau (LL. macarellus), prob. for maclereau, fr. L. macula a spot, in allusion to the markings on the fish. See Mail armor.] (Zoöl.) Any species of the genus Scomber, and of several related genera. They are finely formed and very active oceanic fishes. Most of them are highly prized for food.

The common mackerel (Scomber scombrus), which inhabits both sides of the North Atlantic, is one of the most important food fishes. It is mottled with green and blue. The Spanish mackerel (Scomberomorus maculatus), of the American coast, is covered with bright yellow circular spots.

Bull mackerel, Chub mackerel. (Zoöl.) See under Chub. -- Frigate mackerel. See under Frigate. -- Horse mackerel . See under Horse. -- Mackerel bird (Zoöl.), the wryneck; -- so called because it arrives in England at the time when mackerel are in season. -- Mackerel cock (Zoöl.), the Manx shearwater; -- so called because it precedes the appearance of the mackerel on the east coast of Ireland. -- Mackerel guide. (Zoöl.) See Garfish (a). -- Mackerel gull (Zoöl.) any one of several species of gull which feed upon or follow mackerel, as the kittiwake. -- Mackerel midge (Zoöl.), a very small oceanic gadoid fish of the North Atlantic. It is about an inch and a half long and has four barbels on the upper jaw. It is now considered the young of the genus Onos, or Motella. -- Mackerel plow, an instrument for creasing the sides of lean mackerel to improve their appearance. Knight. -- Mackerel shark (Zoöl.), the porbeagle. -- Mackerel sky, or Mackerel-back sky, a sky flecked with small white clouds; a cirro-cumulus. See Cloud.

Mackerel sky and mare's-tails Make tall ships carry low sails.

Old Rhyme.

{ Mack"i*naw blan"ket (?), Mack"i*naw. }[From Mackinac, the State of Michigan, where blankets and other stores were distributed to the Indians.] A thick blanket formerly in common use in the western part of the United States.

Mack"in*tosh (?), n. A waterproof outer garment; -- so called from the name of the inventor.

Mac"kle (?), n. [See Macle.] Same as Macule.

Mac"kle, v. t. & i. To blur, or be blurred, in printing, as if there were a double impression.

Ma"cle (?), n. [L. macula a spot: cf. F. macle. Cf. Mackle, Mascle.] (Min.) (a) Chiastolite; -- so called from the tessellated appearance of a cross section. See Chiastolite. (b) A crystal having a similar tessellated appearance. (c) A twin crystal.

Ma"cled (?), a. 1. (Min.) (a) Marked like macle (chiastolite). (b) Having a twin structure. See Twin, a.

2. See Mascled.

||Ma*clu"re*a (?), n. [NL. Named from William Maclure, the geologist.] ||(Paleon.) A genus of spiral gastropod shells, often of large size, ||characteristic of the lower Silurian rocks.

Ma*clu"rin (?), n. (Chem.) See Morintannic.

Mac"ra*me lace" (?). A coarse lace made of twine, used especially in decorating furniture.

{ Mac`ren*ce*phal"ic (?), Mac`ren*ceph"a*lous (?), } a. [Macro + encephalic, encephalous.] Having a large brain.

Mac"ro- (?). [Gr. makro`s, adj.] A combining form signifying long, large, great; as macrodiagonal, macrospore.

Mac`ro*bi*ot"ic (?), a. [Gr. &?; long- lived; makro`s long + &?; life: cf. F. macrobiotique.] Long-lived. Dunglison.

Mac`ro*bi*ot"ics (?), n. (Physiol.) The art of prolonging life.

Mac`ro*ceph"a*lous (?), a. [Macro + Gr. kefalh` the head.] 1. Having a large head.

2. (Bot.) Having the cotyledons of a dicotyledonous embryo confluent, and forming a large mass compared with the rest of the body. Henslow.

Mac`ro-chem"is*try (?), n. [Macro- + chemistry.] (Chem.) The science which treats of the chemical properties, actions or relations of substances in quantity; -- distinguished from micro-chemistry.

||Mac`ro*chi"res (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. makro`s long + &?; hand.] ||(Zoöl.) A division of birds including the swifts and humming birds. ||So called from the length of the distal part of the wing.

Mac"ro*cosm (?), n. [Macro- + Gr. &?; the world: cf. F. macrocosme.] The great world; that part of the universe which is exterior to man; -- contrasted with microcosm, or man. See Microcosm.

Mac`ro*cos"mic (?), a. Of or pertaining to the macrocosm. Tylor.

||Mac`ro*cys"tis (?), n. [NL. See Macro-, and Cyst.] (Bot.) An ||immensely long blackish seaweed of the Pacific (Macrocystis ||pyrifera), having numerous almond-shaped air vessels.

<! p. 880 !>

Mac`ro*dac"tyl (mk`r*dk"tl), n. [Gr. makroda`ktylos long-fingered; makro`s long + da`ktylos finger: cf. F. macrodactyle.] (Zoöl.) One of a group of wading birds (Macrodactyli) having very long toes. [Written also macrodactyle.]

{ Mac`ro*dac*tyl"ic (?), Mac`ro*dac"tyl*ous (?), } a. (Zoöl.) Having long toes.

Mac`ro*di*ag"o*nal (?), n. [Macro- + diagonal.] (Crystallog.) The longer of two diagonals, as of a rhombic prism. See Crystallization.

Mac"ro*dome (?), n. [Macro- + dome.] (Crystallog.) A dome parallel to the longer lateral axis of an orthorhombic crystal. See Dome, n., 4.

Mac"ro*dont, a. [Macro- + Gr. 'odoy`s, 'odo`ntos, a tooth.] (Zoöl.) Having large teeth. -- n. A macrodont animal.

Mac"ro*far`ad (?), n. [Macro- + farad.] (Elec.) See Megafarad. [R.]

||Mac`ro*glos"si*a (?), n. [NL. See Macro-, and Glossa.] (Med.) ||Enlargement or hypertrophy of the tongue.

Mac`rog*nath"ic (?), a. [Macro- + gnathic.] (Anthropol.) Long-jawed. Huxley.

Ma*crol"o*gy (?), n. [L. macrologia, Gr. &?;; &?; long + lo`gos discourse: cf. F. macrologie.] Long and tedious talk without much substance; superfluity of words.

Ma*crom"e*ter (?), n. [Macro- + -meter.] An instrument for determining the size or distance of inaccessible objects by means of two reflectors on a common sextant.

Ma"cron (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. &?; long.] (Pron.) A short, straight, horizontal mark [-], placed over vowels to denote that they are to be pronounced with a long sound; as, , in dme; , in sam, etc.

Mac`ro*pet"al*ous (?), a. [Macro- + petal.] (Bot.) Having long or large petals.

Ma*croph"yl*lous (?), a. [Macro- + Gr. &?; a leaf.] (Bot.) Having long or large leaves.

Mac`ro*pin"a*coid (?), n. [Macro- + pinacoid.] (Crystallog.) One of the two planes of an orthorhombic crystal which are parallel to the vertical and longer lateral (macrodiagonal) axes.

Mac"ro*pod (?), n. [Macro- + -pod.] (Zoöl.) Any one of a group of maioid crabs remarkable for the length of their legs; -- called also spider crab.

Ma*crop"o*dal (?), a. Having long or large feet, or a long stem.

Mac`ro*po"di*an (?), n. A macropod.

Ma*crop"o*dous (?), a. (Zoöl.) Having long legs or feet.

Mac"ro*prism (?), n. [Macro- + prism.] (Crystallog.) A prism of an orthorhombic crystal between the macropinacoid and the unit prism; the corresponding pyramids are called macropyramids.

||Ma*crop"te*res (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. &?; long + &?; feather, ||wing.] (Zoöl.) A division of birds; the Longipennes.

Ma*crop"ter*ous (?), a. [See Macropteres.] (Zoöl.) Having long wings.

||Mac"ro*pus (?), n. [NL. See Macropod.] (Zoöl.) A genus of marsupials ||including the common kangaroo.

Mac`ro*pyr"a*mid (?), n. [Macro- + pyramid.] (Crystallog.) See Macroprism.

{ Mac`ro*scop"ic (?), Mac`ro*scop"ic*al (?), } a. [Macro- + Gr. &?; to view.] Visible to the unassisted eye; -- as opposed to microscopic. -- Mac`ro*scop"ic*al*ly, adv.

||Mac`ro*spo*ran"gi*um (?), n. [NL. See Macro-, and Sporangium.] (Bot.) ||A sporangium or conceptacle containing only large spores; -- opposed ||to microsporangium. Both are found in the genera Selaginella, ||Isoctes, and Marsilia, plants remotely allied to ferns.

Mac"ro*spore (?), n. [Macro- + spore.] (Bot.) One of the specially large spores of certain flowerless plants, as Selaginella, etc.

Mac`ro*spor"ic (?), a. (Bot.) Of or pertaining to macrospores.

Mac"ro*tone (?), n. [Gr. &?; stretched out. See Macro-, and Tone.] (Pron.) Same as Macron.

Ma*cro"tous (?), a. [Macro- + Gr. o"y^s, gen. 'wto`s, the ear.] (Zoöl.) Large-eared.

||Ma*crou"ra (?), n. pl., Ma*crou"ral (&?;), a., etc. (Zoöl.) Same as ||Macrura, Macrural, etc.

Mac`ro*zo"ö*spore (?), n. [Macro- + zoöspore.] (Bot.) A large motile spore having four vibratile cilia; -- found in certain green algæ.

||Ma*cru"ra (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. &?; long + &?; tail.] (Zoöl.) A ||subdivision of decapod Crustacea, having the abdomen largely ||developed. It includes the lobster, prawn, shrimp, and many similar ||forms. Cf. Decapoda.

Ma*cru"ral (?), a. (Zoöl.) Same as Macrurous.

Ma*cru"ran (?), n. (Zoöl.) One of the Macrura.

Ma*cru"roid (?), a. [Macrura + -oid.] (Zoöl.) Like or pertaining to the Macrura.

Ma*cru"rous (?), a. (Zoöl.) Of or pertaining to the Macrura; having a long tail.

Mac*ta"tion (?), n. [L. mactatio, fr. macture to slay, sacrifice.] The act of killing a victim for sacrifice. [Obs.]

||Mac"tra (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. &?; kneading trough, fr. &?; to knead.] ||(Zoöl.) Any marine bivalve shell of the genus Mactra, and allied ||genera. Many species are known. Some of them are used as food, as ||Mactra stultorum, of Europe. See Surf clam, under Surf.

||Mac"u*la (?), n.; pl. Maculæ (#). [L., spot, stain, blot. See Mail ||armor, and cf. Mackle, Macule.] 1. A spot, as on the skin, or on the ||surface of the sun or of some other luminous orb.

2. (Zoöl.) A rather large spot or blotch of color.

Mac"u*late (?), v. t. [L. maculatus, p. p. of maculare to spot. See Macula, and cf. Macule, v.] To spot; to stain; to blur.

Maculate the honor of their people.

Sir T. Elyot.

Mac"u*late (?), a. [L. maculatus, p. p.] Marked with spots or maculæ; blotched; hence, defiled; impure; as, most maculate thoughts. Shak.

Mac"u*la`ted (?), a. Having spots or blotches; maculate.

Mac"u*la"tion (?), n. [L. maculatio.] The act of spotting; a spot; a blemish. Shak.

Mac"u*la*to*ry (?), a. Causing a spot or stain. T. Adams.

Mac"u*la*ture (?), n. Blotting paper. [Obs.]

Mac"ule (?), n. [F. macule. See Macula.] 1. A spot. [Obs.]

2. (Print.) A blur, or an appearance of a double impression, as when the paper slips a little; a mackle.

Mac"ule, v. t. [Cf. F. maculer. See Maculate, v.] To blur; especially (Print.), to blur or double an impression from type. See Mackle.

Mac"u*lose` (?), a. [L. maculosus.] Of or pertaining to spots upon a surface; spotted; maculate.

Mad (?), obs. p. p. of Made. Chaucer.

Mad (?), a. [Compar. Madder (?); superl. Maddest (?).] [AS. gem&?;d, gemd, mad; akin to OS. gem&?;d foolish, OHG. gameit, Icel. mei&?;a to hurt, Goth. gamáids weak, broken. &?;.] 1. Disordered in intellect; crazy; insane.

I have heard my grandsire say full oft, Extremity of griefs would
make men mad.

Shak.

2. Excited beyond self-control or the restraint of reason; inflamed by violent or uncontrollable desire, passion, or appetite; as, to be mad with terror, lust, or hatred; mad against political reform.

It is the land of graven images, and they are mad upon their idols.

Jer. 1. 88.

And being exceedingly mad against them, I persecuted them even unto
strange cities.

Acts xxvi. 11.

3. Proceeding from, or indicating, madness; expressing distraction; prompted by infatuation, fury, or extreme rashness. "Mad demeanor." Milton.

Mad wars destroy in one year the works of many years of peace.

Franklin.

The mad promise of Cleon was fulfilled.

Jowett (Thucyd.).

4. Extravagant; immoderate. "Be mad and merry." Shak. "Fetching mad bounds." Shak.

5. Furious with rage, terror, or disease; -- said of the lower animals; as, a mad bull; esp., having hydrophobia; rabid; as, a mad dog.

6. Angry; out of patience; vexed; as, to get mad at a person. [Colloq.]

7. Having impaired polarity; -- applied to a compass needle. [Colloq.]

Like mad, like a mad person; in a furious manner; as, to run like mad. L'Estrange. -- To run mad. (a) To become wild with excitement. (b) To run wildly about under the influence of hydrophobia; to become affected with hydrophobia. -- To run mad after, to pursue under the influence of infatuation or immoderate desire. "The world is running mad after farce." Dryden.

Mad, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Madded; p. pr. & vb. n. Madding.] To make mad or furious; to madden.

Had I but seen thy picture in this plight, It would have madded me.

Shak.

Mad, v. i. To be mad; to go mad; to rave. See Madding. [Archaic] Chaucer.

Festus said with great voice, Paul thou maddest.

Wyclif (Acts).

Mad, n. [AS. ma&?;a; akin to D. & G. made, Goth. mapa, and prob. to E. moth.] (Zoöl.) An earthworm. [Written also made.]

Mad"am (?), n.; pl. Madams, or Mesdames (#). [See Madame.] A gentlewoman; -- an appellation or courteous form of address given to a lady, especially an elderly or a married lady; -- much used in the address, at the beginning of a letter, to a woman. The corresponding word in addressing a man is Sir.

||Ma`dame" (?), n.; pl. Mesdames (#). [F., fr. ma my (L. mea) + dame ||dame. See Dame, and cf. Madonna.] My lady; -- a French title formerly ||given to ladies of quality; now, in France, given to all married ||women. Chaucer.

Mad"-ap`ple (?), n. (Bot.) See Eggplant.

Mad"brain` (?), a. Hot-headed; rash. Shak. -- n. A rash or hot- headed person.

Mad"brained` (?), a. Disordered in mind; hot-headed. Shak.

Mad"cap` (?), a. 1. Inclined to wild sports; delighting in rash, absurd, or dangerous amusements. "The merry madcap lord." Shak.

2. Wild; reckless. "Madcap follies" Beau. & Fl.

Mad"cap`, n. A person of wild behavior; an excitable, rash, violent person. Shak.

Mad"den (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Maddened (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Maddening.] To make mad; to drive to madness; to craze; to excite violently with passion; to make very angry; to enrage.

Mad"den, v. i. To become mad; to act as if mad.

They rave, recite, and madden round the land.

Pope.

Mad"der (md"dr), n. [OE. mader, AS. mædere; akin to Icel. maðra.] (Bot.) A plant of the genus Rubia (R. tinctorum). The root is much used in dyeing red, and formerly was used in medicine. It is cultivated in France and Holland. See Rubiaceous.

Madder is sometimes used in forming pigments, as lakes, etc., which receive their names from their colors; as. madder yellow.

Field madder, an annual European weed (Sherardia arvensis) resembling madder. -- Indian madder , the East Indian Rubia cordifolia, used in the East for dyeing; -- called also munjeet. -- Wild madder, Rubia peregrina of Europe; also the Galium Mollugo, a kind of bedstraw.

Mad"der*wort` (?), n. (Bot.) A name proposed for any plant of the same natural order (Rubiaceæ) as the madder.

Mad"ding (?), a. Affected with madness; raging; furious. -- Mad"ding*ly, adv. [Archaic]

Far from the madding crowd's ignoble strife.

Gray.

The madding wheels Of brazen chariots raged.

Milton.

Mad"dish (?), a. Somewhat mad. Beau. & Fl.

Made (?), n. (Zoöl.) See Mad, n.

Made (?), imp. & p. p. of Make.

Made, a. Artificially produced; pieced together; formed by filling in; as, made ground; a made mast, in distinction from one consisting of a single spar.

Made up. (a) Complete; perfect. "A made up villain." Shak. (b) Falsely devised; fabricated; as, a made up story. (c) Artificial; as, a made up figure or complexion.

{ Mad"e*cass (?), Mad`e*cas"see (?), } n. A native or inhabitant of Madagascar, or Madecassee; the language of the natives of Madagascar. See Malagasy.

Mad`e*cas"see, a. Of or pertaining to Madagascar or its inhabitants.

{ Mad`e*fac"tion (?), Mad`e*fi*ca"tion (?), } n. [L. madefacere to make wet; madere to be wet + facere to make: cf. F. madéfaction.] The act of madefying, or making wet; the state of that which is made wet. [R.] Bacon.

Mad"e*fy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Madefied (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Madefying (?).] [Cf. F. madéfier, L. madefacere. See Madefaction.] To make wet or moist. [R.]

Mad`e*gas"sy (?), n. & a. See Madecassee.

Ma*dei"ra (?), n. [Pg., the Island Madeira, properly, wood, fr. L. materia stuff, wood. The island was so called because well wooded. See Matter.] A rich wine made on the Island of Madeira.

A cup of Madeira, and a cold capon's leg.

Shak.

Madeira nut (Bot.), the European walnut; the nut of the Juglans regia.

||Ma`de*moi`selle" (?), n.; pl. Mesdemoiselles (#). [F., fr. ma my, f. ||of mon + demoiselle young lady. See Damsel.] 1. A French title of ||courtesy given to a girl or an unmarried lady, equivalent to the ||English Miss. Goldsmith.

2. (Zoöl.) A marine food fish (Sciæna chrysura), of the Southern United States; -- called also yellowtail, and silver perch.

Madge, n. [Cf. OF. & Prov. F. machette.] (Zoöl.) (a) The barn owl. (b) The magpie.

Mad"-head`ed (?), a. Wild; crack- brained.

Mad"house` (?), n. A house where insane persons are confined; an insane asylum; a bedlam.

||Ma"di*a (?), n. [NL., fr. Sp. madi, fr. Chilian madi, the native ||name.] (Bot.) A genus of composite plants, of which one species ||(Madia sativa) is cultivated for the oil yielded from its seeds by ||pressure. This oil is sometimes used instead of olive oil for the ||table.

Mad"id (?), a. [L. madidus, fr. madere to be wet.] Wet; moist; as, a madid eye. [R.] Beaconsfield.

||Mad`is*te"ri*um (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. &?;.] (Surg.) An instrument to ||extract hairs.

||Mad"joun (?), n. [Hind., fr. Ar. ma'j&?;n.] An intoxicating ||confection from the hemp plant; -- used by the Turks and Hindoos. ||[Written also majoun.]

Mad"ly (?), adv. [From Mad, a.] In a mad manner; without reason or understanding; wildly.

Mad"man (?), n.; pl. Madmen (&?;). A man who is mad; lunatic; a crazy person.

When a man mistakes his thoughts for person and things, he is mad.
A madman is properly so defined.

Coleridge.

Mad"nep (?), n. (Bot.) The masterwort (Peucedanum Ostruthium).

Mad"ness, n. [From Mad, a.] 1. The condition of being mad; insanity; lunacy.

2. Frenzy; ungovernable rage; extreme folly.

Syn. -- Insanity; distraction; derangement; craziness; lunacy; mania; frenzy; franticness; rage; aberration; alienation; monomania. See Insanity.

Ma*don"na (?), n. [It. madonna my lady. See Dame, Donna, and cf. Madame, Monkey.] 1. My lady; -- a term of address in Italian formerly used as the equivalent of Madame, but for which Signora is now substituted. Sometimes introduced into English. Shak.

2. [pl. Madonnas (nz).] A picture of the Virgin Mary (usually with the babe).

The Italian painters are noted for drawing the Madonnas by their
own wives or mistresses.

Rymer.

||Ma"do*qua (?), n. (Zoöl.) A small Abyssinian antelope (Neotragus ||Saltiana), about the size of a hare.

||Ma`drague" (?), n. [R.] A large fish pound used for the capture of ||the tunny in the Mediterranean; also applied to the seines used for ||the same purpose.

Ma"dre*perl (?), n. [It. madreperla.] Mother-of-pearl.

<! p. 881 !>

||Mad`re*po"ra (md`r*p"r), n. [NL. See Madrepore.] (Zoöl.) A genus of ||reef corals abundant in tropical seas. It includes than one hundred ||and fifty species, most of which are elegantly branched. -- ||Mad`re*po"ral (#), a.

||Mad`re*po*ra"ri*a (?), n. pl. [NL. See Madrepore.] (Zoöl.) An ||extensive division of Anthozoa, including most of the species that ||produce stony corals. See Illust. of Anthozoa. -- Mad`re*po*ra"ri*an ||(#), a. & n.

Mad"re*pore (?), n. [F. madrepore, perh. fr. madré spotted, fr. OF. madre, mazre, a kind of knotty wood with brown spots, fr. OHG. masar a knot, grain, or vein in wood, a speck, G. maser + pore (see Pore); or perh. F. madrépore is rather from It. madrepora, and this perh. fr. It. madre mother (see Mother) + Gr. &?; a soft stone.] (Zoöl.) Any coral of the genus Madrepora; formerly, often applied to any stony coral.

{ Mad`re*po"ri*an (?), Mad`re*po"ric (?), } a. (Zoöl.) Resembling, or pertaining to, the genus Madrepora.

Madreporic plate (Zoöl.), a perforated plate in echinoderms, through which water is admitted to the ambulacral tubes; -- called also madreporic tubercule.

Mad`re*po"ri*form (?), a. [Madrepore + -form.] (Zoöl.) Resembling a madreporian coral in form or structure.

Mad"re*po*rite (?), n. [Cf. F. madréporite] 1. (Paleon.) A fossil coral.

2. (Zoöl.) The madreporic plate of echinoderms.

Ma*drier" (?), n. [F., from Sp. madero, or Pg. madeiro, fr. Sp. madera wood for building, timber, Pg. madeira, L. materia stuff, materials, lumber. See Matter.] A thick plank, used for several mechanical purposes; especially: (a) A plank to receive the mouth of a petard, with which it is applied to anything intended to be broken down. (b) A plank or beam used for supporting the earth in mines or fortifications.

Mad"ri*gal (md"r*gal), n. [It. madrigale, OIt. madriale, mandriale (cf. LL. matriale); of uncertain origin, possibly fr. It mandra flock, L. mandra stall, herd of cattle, Gr. ma`ndra fold, stable; hence, madrigal, originally, a pastoral song.] 1. A little amorous poem, sometimes called a pastoral poem, containing some tender and delicate, though simple, thought.

Whose artful strains have oft delayed The huddling brook to hear
his madrigal.

Milton.

2. (Mus.) An unaccompanied polyphonic song, in four, five, or more parts, set to secular words, but full of counterpoint and imitation, and adhering to the old church modes. Unlike the freer glee, it is best sung with several voices on a part. See Glee.

Mad"ri*gal*er (?), n. A madrigalist.

Mad"ri*gal*ist, n. A composer of madrigals.

Mad`ri*le"ni*an (?), a. [Sp. Madrileño.] Of or pertaining to Madrid in Spain, or to its inhabitants. -- n. A native or inhabitant of Madrid.

||Ma*dri"na (?), n. [Sp., prop., a godmother.] An animal (usually an ||old mare), wearing a bell and acting as the leader of a troop of pack ||mules. [S. America]

Ma*dro"ña (?), n. [Sp. madroño.] (Bot.) A small evergreen tree or shrub (Arbutus Menziesii), of California, having a smooth bark, thick shining leaves, and edible red berries, which are often called madroña apples. [Written also madroño.]

Mad"wort` (?), n. (Bot.) A genus of cruciferous plants (Alyssum) with white or yellow flowers and rounded pods. A. maritimum is the commonly cultivated sweet alyssum, a fragrant white-flowered annual.

{ Mæg"bote`, Mag"bote` } (?), n. [AS. mg kinsman + bt compensation.] (Anglo-Saxon Law) Compensation for the injury done by slaying a kinsman. Spelman.

Mael"strom (?), n. [Norw., a whirlpool.] 1. A celebrated whirlpool on the coast of Norway.

2. Also Fig. ; as, a maelstrom of vice.

||Mæ"nad (?), n. [L. Maenas, -adis, Gr. &?;, &?;, fr. &?; to rave.] 1. ||A Bacchante; a priestess or votary of Bacchus.

2. A frantic or frenzied woman.

||Ma`es*to"so (?), a. & adv. [It.] (Mus.) Majestic or majestically; -- ||a direction to perform a passage or piece of music in a dignified ||manner.

Maes"tricht mon"i*tor (?). [So called from Maestricht, a town in Holland.] (Paleon.) The Mosasaurus Hofmanni. See Mosasaurus.

||Ma*es"tro (?), n. [It., fr. L. magister. See Master.] A master in any ||art, especially in music; a composer.

Maf"fle (?), v. i. [Akin to OD. maffelen to stammer. Cf. Muffle to mumble.] To stammer. [Obs.]

Maf"fler (?), n. A stammerer. [Obs.]

Mag`a*zine" (?), n. [F. magasin, It. magazzino, or Sp. magacen, almagacen; all fr. Ar. makhzan, almakhzan, a storehouse, granary, or cellar.]

1. A receptacle in which anything is stored, especially military stores, as ammunition, arms, provisions, etc. "Armories and magazines." Milton.

2. The building or room in which the supply of powder is kept in a fortification or a ship.

3. A chamber in a gun for holding a number of cartridges to be fed automatically to the piece.

4. A pamphlet published periodically containing miscellaneous papers or compositions.

Magazine dress, clothing made chiefly of woolen, without anything metallic about it, to be worn in a powder magazine. -- Magazine gun, a portable firearm, as a rifle, with a chamber carrying cartridges which are brought automatically into position for firing. -- Magazine stove, a stove having a chamber for holding fuel which is supplied to the fire by some self-feeding process, as in the common base-burner.

Mag`a*zine" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Magazined (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Magazining.] To store in, or as in, a magazine; to store up for use.

Mag`a*zin"er (?), n. One who edits or writes for a magazine. [R.] Goldsmith.

Mag`a*zin"ing, n. The act of editing, or writing for, a magazine. [Colloq.] Byron.

Mag`a*zin"ist, n. One who edits or writes for a magazine. [R.]

Mag"bote` (?), n. See Mægbote.

Mag"da*la (?), a. Designating an orange-red dyestuff obtained from naphthylamine, and called magdala red, naphthalene red, etc.

Mag"da*len (?), n. [From Mary Magdalene, traditionally reported to have been the repentant sinner forgiven by Christ. See Luke vii. 36.] A reformed prostitute.

Mag*da"le*on (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. &?; crumb of bread, fr. &?; to knead.] (Med.) A medicine in the form of a roll, a esp. a roll of plaster.

Mag"de*burg (?), n. A city of Saxony.

Magdeburg centuries, Magdeburg hemispheres. See under Century, and Hemisphere.

Mage (?), n. [F. mage. See Magi.] A magician. [Archaic] Spenser. Tennyson.

Mag`el*lan"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to, or named from, Magellan, the navigator.

Magellenic clouds (Astron.), three conspicuous nebulæ near the south pole, resembling thin white clouds.

Ma*gen"ta (?), n. (Chem.) An aniline dye obtained as an amorphous substance having a green bronze surface color, which dissolves to a shade of red; also, the color; -- so called from Magenta, in Italy, in allusion to the battle fought there about the time the dye was discovered. Called also fuchsine, roseïne, etc.

Magged (?), a. (Naut.) Worn; fretted; as, a magged brace. Ham. Nav. Encyc.

||Mag`gio"re (?), a. [It., from L. major, compar. of magnus great. See ||Major.] (Mus.) Greater, in respect to scales, intervals, etc., when ||used in opposition to minor; major. Moore (Encyc. of Music).

Mag"got (?), n. [W. macai, pl. maceiod, magiod, a worn or grub; cf. magu to bread.] 1. (Zoöl.) The footless larva of any fly. See Larval.

2. A whim; an odd fancy. Hudibras. Tennyson.

Mag"got*i*ness (?), n. State of being maggoty.

Mag"got*ish, a. Full of whims or fancies; maggoty.

Mag"got-pie` (?), n. A magpie. [Obs.] Shak.

Mag"got*y (?), a. 1. Infested with maggots.

2. Full of whims; capricious. Norris.

Ma"ghet (?), n. [Cf. Fl. maghet maid.] (Bot.) A name for daisies and camomiles of several kinds.

||Ma"gi (?), n. pl. [L., pl. of Magus, Gr. &?;; of Per. origin. Cf. ||Mage, Magic.] A caste of priests, philosophers, and magicians, among ||the ancient Persians; hence, any holy men or sages of the East.

The inspired Magi from the Orient came.

Sandys.

Ma"gi*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to the Magi.

Ma"gi*an, n. One of the Magi, or priests of the Zoroastrian religion in Persia; an adherent of the Zoroastrian religion. -- Ma"gi*an*ism (#), n.

Mag"ic (?), n. [OE. magique, L. magice, Gr. &?; (sc. &?;), fr. &?;. See Magic, a., and Magi.] A comprehensive name for all of the pretended arts which claim to produce effects by the assistance of supernatural beings, or departed spirits, or by a mastery of secret forces in nature attained by a study of occult science, including enchantment, conjuration, witchcraft, sorcery, necromancy, incantation, etc.

An appearance made by some magic.

Chaucer.

Celestial magic, a supposed supernatural power which gave to spirits a kind of dominion over the planets, and to the planets an influence over men. -- Natural magic, the art of employing the powers of nature to produce effects apparently supernatural. -- Superstitious, or Geotic, magic, the invocation of devils or demons, involving the supposition of some tacit or express agreement between them and human beings.

Syn. -- Sorcery; witchcraft; necromancy; conjuration; enchantment.

{ Mag"ic (?), Mag"ic*al (?), } a. [L. magicus, Gr. &?;, fr. &?;: cf. F. magique. See Magi.] 1. Pertaining to the hidden wisdom supposed to be possessed by the Magi; relating to the occult powers of nature, and the producing of effects by their agency.

2. Performed by, or proceeding from, occult and superhuman agencies; done by, or seemingly done by, enchantment or sorcery. Hence: Seemingly requiring more than human power; imposing or startling in performance; producing effects which seem supernatural or very extraordinary; having extraordinary properties; as, a magic lantern; a magic square or circle.

The painter's magic skill.

Cowper.

Although with certain words magic is used more than magical, -- as, magic circle, magic square, magic wand, -- we may in general say magic or magical; as, a magic or magical effect; a magic or magical influence, etc. But when the adjective is predicative, magical, and not magic, is used; as, the effect was magical.

Magic circle, a series of concentric circles containing the numbers 12 to 75 in eight radii, and having somewhat similar properties to the magic square. -- Magic humming bird (Zoöl.), a Mexican humming bird (Iache magica) , having white downy thing tufts. -- Magic lantern. See Lantern. -- Magic square, numbers so disposed in parallel and equal rows in the form of a square, that each row, taken vertically, horizontally, or diagonally, shall give the same sum, the same product, or an harmonical series, according as the numbers taken are in arithmetical, geometrical, or harmonical progression. -- Magic wand, a wand used by a magician in performing feats of magic.

Mag"ic*al*ly (?), adv. In a magical manner; by magic, or as if by magic.

Ma*gi"cian (?), n. [F. magicien. See Magic, n.] One skilled in magic; one who practices the black art; an enchanter; a necromancer; a sorcerer or sorceress; a conjurer.

{ Ma*gilp" (?), Ma*gilph" (?), } n. (Paint.) See Megilp.

||Ma*gis"ter (?), n. [L. See Master.] Master; sir; -- a title of the ||Middle Ages, given to a person in authority, or to one having a ||license from a university to teach philosophy and the liberal arts.

Mag`is*te"ri*al (?), a. [L. magisterius magisterial. See Master.] 1. Of or pertaining to a master or magistrate, or one in authority; having the manner of a magister; official; commanding; authoritative. Hence: Overbearing; dictatorial; dogmatic.

When magisterial duties from his home Her father called.

Glover.

We are not magisterial in opinions, nor, dictator-like, obtrude our
notions on any man.

Sir T. Browne.

Pretenses go a great way with men that take fair words and
magisterial looks for current payment.

L'Estrange.

2. (Alchem. & Old Chem.) Pertaining to, produced by, or of the nature of, magistery. See Magistery, 2.

Syn. -- Authoritative; stately; august; pompous; dignified; lofty; commanding; imperious; lordly; proud; haughty; domineering; despotic; dogmatical; arrogant. -- Magisterial, Dogmatical, Arrogant. One who is magisterial assumes the air of a master toward his pupils; one who is dogmatical lays down his positions in a tone of authority or dictation; one who is arrogant in sults others by an undue assumption of superiority. Those who have long been teachers sometimes acquire, unconsciously, a manner which borders too much on the magisterial, and may be unjustly construed as dogmatical, or even arrogant.

Mag`is*te`ri*al"i*ty (?), n. Magisterialness; authoritativeness. [R.] Fuller.

Mag`is*te"ri*al*ly (?), adv. In a magisterial manner.

Mag`is*te"ri*al*ness, n. The quality or state of being magisterial.

Mag"is*ter*y (?), n. [L. magisterium the office of a chief, president, director, tutor. See Magistrate.] 1. Mastery; powerful medical influence; renowned efficacy; a sovereign remedy. [Obs.] Holland.

2. A magisterial injunction. [R.] Brougham.

3. (Chem.) A precipitate; a fine substance deposited by precipitation; -- applied in old chemistry to certain white precipitates from metallic solutions; as, magistery of bismuth. Ure.

Mag"is*tra*cy (?), n.; pl. Magistracies (#). [From Magistrate.] 1. The office or dignity of a magistrate. Blackstone.

2. The collective body of magistrates.

Mag"is*tral (?), a. [L. magistralis: cf. F. magistral. See Magistrate.] 1. Pertaining to a master; magisterial; authoritative; dogmatic.

2. Commanded or prescribed by a magister, esp. by a doctor; hence, effectual; sovereign; as, a magistral sirup. "Some magistral opiate." Bacon.

3. (Pharmacy) Formulated extemporaneously, or for a special case; -- opposed to officinal, and said of prescriptions and medicines. Dunglison.

Magistral line (Fort.), the guiding line, or outline, by which the form of the work is determined. It is usually the crest line of the parapet in fieldworks, or the top line of the escarp in permanent fortifications.

Mag"is*tral, n. 1. (Med.) A sovereign medicine or remedy. [Obs.] Burton.

2. (Fort.) A magistral line.

3. (Metal.) Powdered copper pyrites used in the amalgamation of ores of silver, as at the Spanish mines of Mexico and South America.

Mag`is*tral"i*ty (?), n.; pl. -ties (&?;). Magisterialness; arbitrary dogmatism. Bacon.

Mag"is*tral*ly (?), adv. In a magistral manner. Abp. Bramhall.

Mag"is*trate (?), n. [L. magistratus, fr. magister master: cf. F. magistrat. See Master.] A person clothed with power as a public civil officer; a public civil officer invested with the executive government, or some branch of it. "All Christian rulers and magistrates." Book of Com. Prayer.

Of magistrates some also are supreme, in whom the sovereign power
of the state resides; others are subordinate.

Blackstone.

{ Mag`is*trat"ic (?), Mag`is*trat"ic*al (?), } a. Of, pertaining to, or proceeding from, a magistrate; having the authority of a magistrate. Jer. Taylor.

Mag"is*tra`ture (?), n. [Cf. F. magistrature.] Magistracy. [Obs.]

||Mag"ma (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to squeeze, knead.] 1. Any ||crude mixture of mineral or organic matters in the state of a thin ||paste. Ure.

2. (Med.) (a) A thick residuum obtained from certain substances after the fluid parts are expressed from them; the grounds which remain after treating a substance with any menstruum, as water or alcohol. (b) A salve or confection of thick consistency. Dunglison.

<! p. 882 !>

3. (Geol.) (a) The molten matter within the earth, the source of the material of lava flows, dikes of eruptive rocks, etc. (b) The glassy base of an eruptive rock.

4. (Chem.) The amorphous or homogenous matrix or ground mass, as distinguished from well-defined crystals; as, the magma of porphyry.

||Mag"na Char"ta (?). [L., great charter.] 1. The great Charter, so ||called, obtained by the English barons from King John, A. D. 1215. ||This name is also given to the charter granted to the people of ||England in the ninth year of Henry III., and confirmed by Edward I.

2. Hence, a fundamental constitution which guaranties rights and privileges.

Mag*nal"i*ty (?), n. [L. magnalis mighty, fr. magnus great.] A great act or event; a great attainment. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

Mag`na*nim"i*ty (?), n. [F. magnanimité, L. magnanimitas.] The quality of being magnanimous; greatness of mind; elevation or dignity of soul; that quality or combination of qualities, in character, which enables one to encounter danger and trouble with tranquility and firmness, to disdain injustice, meanness and revenge, and to act and sacrifice for noble objects.

Mag*nan"i*mous (?), a.[L. magnanimus; magnus great + animus mind. See Magnate, and Animus.] 1. Great of mind; elevated in soul or in sentiment; raised above what is low, mean, or ungenerous; of lofty and courageous spirit; as, a magnanimous character; a magnanimous conqueror.

Be magnanimous in the enterprise.

Shak.

To give a kingdom hath been thought Greater and nobler done, and to
lay down Far more magnanimous than to assume.

Milton.

2. Dictated by or exhibiting nobleness of soul; honorable; noble; not selfish.

Both strived for death; magnanimous debate.

Stirling.

There is an indissoluble union between a magnanimous policy and the
solid rewards of public prosperity and felicity.

Washington.

Mag*nan"i*mous*ly, adv. In a magnanimous manner; with greatness of mind.

Mag"nase black` (?). (Paint.) A black pigment which dries rapidly when mixed with oil, and is of intense body. Fairholt.

Mag"nate (?), [F. magnat, L. (pl.) magnates, magnati, fr. magnus great. See Master.] 1. A person of rank; a noble or grandee; a person of influence or distinction in any sphere. Macaulay.