Chapter L: F. Ward (1)

Make"weight` (&?;), n. That which is thrown into a scale to make weight; something of little account added to supply a deficiency or fill a gap.

||Ma"ki (?), n. [F., from native name.] (Zoöl.) A lemur. See Lemur.

Mak"ing (?), n. 1. The act of one who makes; workmanship; fabrication; construction; as, this is cloth of your own making; the making of peace or war was in his power.

2. Composition, or structure.

3. a poem. [Obs.] Sir J. Davies.

4. That which establishes or places in a desirable state or condition; the material of which something may be made; as, early misfortune was the making of him.

5. External appearance; from. [Obs.] Shak.

Mak"ing-i`ron (?), n. A tool somewhat like a chisel with a groove in it, used by calkers of ships to finish the seams after the oakum has been driven in.

Mak"ing-up` (?), n. 1. The act of bringing spirits to a certain degree of strength, called proof.

2. The act of becoming reconciled or friendly.

Mal- (ml-). A prefix in composition denoting ill, or evil, F. male, adv., fr. malus, bad, ill. In some words it has the form male-, as in malediction, malevolent. See Malice.

The form male- is chiefly used in cases where the e, either alone or with other letters, is pronounced as a separate syllable, as in malediction, malefactor, maleficent, etc. Where this is not the case, as in malfeasance or male-feasance, malformation or male-formation, etc., as also where the word to which it is prefixed commences with a vowel, as in maladministration, etc., the form mal is to be preferred, and is the one commonly employed.

||Ma"la (?), n.; pl. of Malum. [L.] Evils; wrongs; offenses against ||right and law.

Mala in se [L.] (Law), offenses which are such from their own nature, at common law, irrespective of statute. -- Mala prohibita [L.] (Law), offenses prohibited by statute, as distinguished from mala in se, which are offenses at common law.

Mal"a*bar` (?), n. A region in the western part of the Peninsula of India, between the mountains and the sea.

Malabar nut (Bot.), the seed of an East Indian acanthaceous shrub, the Adhatoda Vasica, sometimes used medicinally.

Mal`a*ca*tune" (?), n. See Melocoton.

Ma*lac"ca (?), n. A town and district upon the seacoast of the Malay Peninsula.

Malacca cane (Bot.), a cane obtained from a species of palm of the genus Calamus (C. Scipionum), and of a brown color, often mottled. The plant is a native of Cochin China, Sumatra, and Malays.

Mal"a*chite (?), n. [Fr. Gr. &?; a mallow, from its resembling the green color of the leaf of mallows: cf. F. malachite. Cf. Mallow.] (Min.) Native hydrous carbonate of copper, usually occurring in green mammillary masses with concentric fibrous structure.

Green malachite, or malachite proper, admits of a high polish, and is sometimes used for ornamental work. Blue malachite, or azurite, is a related species of a deep blue color.

Malachite green. See Emerald green, under Green, n.

Mal`a*cis"sant (?), a. [See Malacissation.] Softening; relaxing. [Obs.]

Mal`a*cis*sa"tion (?), n. [L. malacissare to make soft, Gr. &?;.] The act of making soft or supple. [Obs.] Bacon.

||Mal`a*cob*del"la (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. &?; soft + &?; a leech.] ||(Zoöl.) A genus of nemertean worms, parasitic in the gill cavity of ||clams and other bivalves. They have a large posterior sucker, like ||that of a leech. See Illust. of Bdellomorpha.

Mal"a*co*derm (?), n. [Gr. &?; soft + &?; skin.] (Zoöl.) One of a tribe of beetles (Malacodermata), with a soft and flexible body, as the fireflies.

Mal"a*co*lite (?), n. [Gr. &?; soft + -lite.] (Min.) A variety of pyroxene.

Mal`a*col"o*gist (?), n. One versed in the science of malacology.

Mal`a*col"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. &?; soft + -logy: cf. F. malacologie.] The science which relates to the structure and habits of mollusks.

||Mal`a*cop"o*da (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. &?; soft + -poda.] (Zoöl.) A ||class of air-breathing Arthropoda; -- called also Protracheata, and ||Onychophora.

They somewhat resemble myriapods, and have from seventeen to thirty-three pairs of short, imperfectly jointed legs, two pairs of simple jaws, and a pair of antennæ. The trancheæ are connected with numerous spiracles scattered over the surface of the body. Peripatus is the only known genus. See Peripatus.

Mal`a*cop`ter*yg"i*an (?), n. [Cf. F. malacoptérygien.] (Zoöl.) One of the Malacopterygii.

||Mal`a*cop`te*ryg"i*i (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. &?; soft + &?; wing, ||fin, fr. &?; feather.] (Zoöl.) An order of fishes in which the fin ||rays, except the anterior ray of the pectoral and dorsal fins, are ||closely jointed, and not spiny. It includes the carp, pike, salmon, ||shad, etc. Called also Malacopteri.

Mal`a*cop`ter*yg"i*ous (?), a. (Zoöl.) Belonging to the Malacopterygii.

Mal`a*cos"te*on (?), n. [NL., Gr. fr. &?; soft + &?; bone.] (Med.) A peculiar disease of the bones, in consequence of which they become softened and capable of being bent without breaking.

Mal`a*cos"to*mous (?), a. [Gr. &?; soft + &?; mouth.] (Zoöl.) Having soft jaws without teeth, as certain fishes.

||Mal`a*cos"tra*ca (?), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. &?; soft + &?; shell of a ||testacean.] (Zoöl.) A subclass of Crustacea, including Arthrostraca ||and Thoracostraca, or all those higher than the Entomostraca.

Mal`a*cos"tra*can (?), n. (Zoöl.) One of the Malacostraca.

Mal`a*cos`tra*col"o*gy (?), n. [Malacostracan + -logy.] That branch of zoölogical science which relates to the crustaceans; -- called also carcinology.

Mal`a*cos"tra*cous (?), a. (Zoöl.) Belonging to the Malacostraca.

Mal`a*co*toon" (?), n. (Bot.) See Melocoton.

||Mal`a*co*zo"a (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. &?; soft + zo^,on an animal.] ||(Zoöl.) An extensive group of Invertebrata, including the Mollusca, ||Brachiopoda, and Bryozoa. Called also Malacozoaria.

Mal`a*co*zo"ic (?), a. (Zoöl.) Of or pertaining to the Malacozoa.

Mal`ad*dress" (?), n. [Mal- + address.] Bad address; an awkward, tactless, or offensive way of accosting one or talking with one. W. D. Howells.

Mal`ad*just"ment (?), n. [Mal- + adjustment.] A bad adjustment.

Mal`ad*min`is*tra"tion (?), n. [Mal- + administration.] Bad administration; bad management of any business, especially of public affairs. [Written also maleadministration.]

Mal`a*droit" (?), a. [F. See Malice, and Adroit.] Of a quality opposed to adroitness; clumsy; awkward; unskillful. -- Mal"a*droit`ly, adv. -- Mal`a*droit"ness, n.

Mal"a*dy (?), n.; pl. Maladies (#). [F. maladie, fr. malade ill, sick, OF. also, malabde, fr. L. male habitus, i. e., ill-kept, not in good condition. See Malice, and Habit.] 1. Any disease of the human body; a distemper, disorder, or indisposition, proceeding from impaired, defective, or morbid organic functions; especially, a lingering or deep-seated disorder.

The maladies of the body may prove medicines to the mind.

Buckminster.

2. A moral or mental defect or disorder.

Love's a malady without a cure.

Dryden.

Syn. -- Disorder; distemper; sickness; ailment; disease; illness. See Disease.

Mal"a*ga (?), n. A city and a province of Spain, on the Mediterranean. Hence, Malaga grapes, Malaga raisins, Malaga wines.

||Mal`a*gash" (?), n. Same as Malagasy.

Mal`a*gas"y (?), n. sing. & pl. A native or natives of Madagascar; also (sing.), the language.

||Ma`laise" (?), n. [F., fr. mal ill + aise ease.] (Med.) An indefinite ||feeling of uneasiness, or of being sick or ill at ease.

Ma*lam"ate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of malamic acid.

||Ma*lam"bo (?), n. [Pg.] A yellowish aromatic bark, used in medicine ||and perfumery, said to be from the South American shrub Croton ||Malambo.

Mal`am*eth"ane (?), n. [Malamic + ethane.] (Chem.) A white crystalline substance forming the ethyl salt of malamic acid.

Ma*lam"ic (?), a. [Malic + amic.] (Chem.) Of or designating an acid intermediate between malic acid and malamide, and known only by its salts.

Ma*lam"ide (?), n. [Malic + amide.] (Chem.) The acid amide derived from malic acid, as a white crystalline substance metameric with asparagine.

Mal"an*ders (?), n. pl. [F. malandres, fr. L. malandria blisters or pustules on the neck, especially in horses.] (Far.) A scurfy eruption in the bend of the knee of the fore leg of a horse. See Sallenders. [Written also mallenders.]

Mal"a*pert (?), a. [OF. malapert unskillful, ill-taught, ill-bred; mal ill + apert open, adroit, intelligent, L. apertus, p. p. of aperire to open. See Malice, and Aperient.] Bold; forward; impudent; saucy; pert. Shak. -- n. A malapert person.

Are you growing malapert! Will you force me to make use of my
authority ?

Dryden.

-- Mal"a*pert`ly, adv. -- Mal"a*pert`ness, n.

Mal"a*prop*ism (?), n. [From Mrs. Malaprop, a character in Sheridan's drama, " The Rivals," who makes amusing blunders in her use of words. See Malapropos.] A grotesque misuse of a word; a word so used.

Mal*ap"ro*pos` (?), a. & adv. [F. mal à propos; mal evil + à propos to the purpose.] Unseasonable or unseasonably; unsuitable or unsuitably.

||Mal*ap`te*ru"rus (ml*p`t*r"rs), n. [NL., from Gr. malako`s soft + ||ptero`n wing + o'yra` tail.] (Zoöl.) A genus of African siluroid ||fishes, including the electric catfishes. See Electric cat, under ||Electric.

Ma"lar (?), a. [L. mala the cheek: cf. F. malaire.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the region of the cheek bone, or to the malar bone; jugal.

Ma"lar (?), n. (Anat.) The cheek bone, which forms a part of the lower edge of the orbit.

Ma*la"ri*a (?), n. [It., contr. fr. malaaria bad air. See Malice, and Air.] 1. Air infected with some noxious substance capable of engendering disease; esp., an unhealthy exhalation from certain soils, as marshy or wet lands, producing fevers; miasma.

The morbific agent in malaria is supposed by some to be a vegetable microbe or its spores, and by others to be a very minute animal blood parasite (an infusorian).

2. (Med.) A morbid condition produced by exhalations from decaying vegetable matter in contact with moisture, giving rise to fever and ague and many other symptoms characterized by their tendency to recur at definite and usually uniform intervals.

{ Ma*la"ri*al (?), Ma*la"ri*an (?), Ma*la"ri*ous (?) }, a. Of or pertaining, to or infected by, malaria.

Malarial fever (Med.), a fever produced by malaria, and characterized by the occurrence of chills, fever, and sweating in distinct paroxysms, At intervals of definite and often uniform duration, in which these symptoms are wholly absent (intermittent fever), or only partially so (remittent fever); fever and ague; chills and fever.

Ma`la*sha"ga*nay (?), n. [Indian name.] (Zoöl.) The fresh-water drumfish (Haploidonotus grunniens).

Mal`as*sim`i*la"tion (?), n. [Mal- + assimilation.] (Physiol.) (a) Imperfect digestion of the several leading constituents of the food. (b) An imperfect elaboration by the tissues of the materials brought to them by the blood.

Ma"late (?), n. [L. malum apple: cf. F. malate. See Malic.] (Chem.) A salt of malic acid.

{ Ma"lax (?), Ma*lax"ate (?), } v. t. [L. malaxare, malaxatum, cf. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; soft: cf. F. malaxer.] To soften by kneading or stirring with some thinner substance. [R.]

Mal`ax*a"tion (?), n. [L. malaxatio: cf. F. malaxation.] The act of softening by mixing with a thinner substance; the formation of ingredients into a mass for pills or plasters. [R.]

Mal"ax*a`tor (?), n. One who, or that which, malaxates; esp., a machine for grinding, kneading, or stirring into a pasty or doughy mass. [R.]

Ma*lay" (?), n. One of a race of a brown or copper complexion in the Malay Peninsula and the western islands of the Indian Archipelago.

{ Ma*lay" (?), Ma*lay"an (?), } a. Of or pertaining to the Malays or their country. -- n. The Malay language.

Malay apple (Bot.), a myrtaceous tree (Eugenia Malaccensis) common in India; also, its applelike fruit.

Ma"la*ya"lam (?), n. The name given to one the cultivated Dravidian languages, closely related to the Tamil. Yule.

||Mal"brouck (?), n. [F.] (Zoöl.) A West African arboreal monkey ||(Cercopithecus cynosurus).

Mal*con`for*ma"tion (?), n. [Mal- + conformation.] Imperfect, disproportionate, or abnormal formation; ill form; disproportion of parts.

Mal"con*tent` (?), a. [F., fr. mal ill + content. See Malice, Content.] discontented; uneasy; dissatisfied; especially, dissatisfied with the government. [Written also malecontent.]

The famous malcontent earl of Leicester.

Milner.

Mal"con*tent`, n. [F. malcontent.] One who discontented; especially, a discontented subject of a government; one who expresses his discontent by words or overt acts. Spenser. Berkeley.

Mal`con*tent"ed (?), a. Malcontent. -- Mal`con*tent"ed*ly, adv. -- Mal`con*tent"ed*ness, n.

Mal*da"ni*an (?), n. (Zoöl.) Any species of marine annelids of the genus Maldane, or family Maldanidæ. They have a slender, round body, and make tubes in the sand or mud.

Male- (ml- or ml-). See Mal-.

Male (ml), a. [L. malus. See Malice.] Evil; wicked; bad. [Obs.] Marston.

Male, n. Same as Mail, a bag. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Male, a. [F. mâle, OF. masle, mascle, fr. L. masculus male, masculine, dim. of mas a male; possibly akin to E. man. Cf. Masculine, Marry, v. t.] 1. Of or pertaining to the sex that begets or procreates young, or (in a wider sense) to the sex that produces spermatozoa, by which the ova are fertilized; not female; as, male organs.

2. (Bot.) Capable of producing fertilization, but not of bearing fruit; -- said of stamens and antheridia, and of the plants, or parts of plants, which bear them.

3. Suitable to the male sex; characteristic or suggestive of a male; masculine; as, male courage.

4. Consisting of males; as, a male choir.

5. (Mech.) Adapted for entering another corresponding piece (the female piece) which is hollow and which it fits; as, a male gauge, for gauging the size or shape of a hole; a male screw, etc.

Male berry (Bot.), a kind of coffee. See Pea berry. -- Male fern (Bot.), a fern of the genus Aspidium (A. Filixmas), used in medicine as an anthelmintic, esp. against the tapeworm. Aspidium marginale in America, and A. athamanticum in South Africa, are used as good substitutes for the male fern in medical practice. See Female fern, under Female. -- Male rhyme, a rhyme in which only the last syllables agree, as laid, afraid, dismayed. See Female rhyme, under Female. - - Male screw (Mech.), a screw having threads upon its exterior which enter the grooves upon the inside of a corresponding nut or female screw. -- Male thread, the thread of a male screw.

Male, n. 1. An animal of the male sex.

2. (Bot.) A plant bearing only staminate flowers.

Male`ad*min`is*tra"tion (ml`d*mn`s*tr"shn), n. Maladministration.

Ma*le"ate (?), n. A salt of maleic acid.

Male*branch"ism (?), n. The philosophical system of Malebranche, an eminent French metaphysician. The fundamental doctrine of his system is that the mind can not have knowledge of anything external to itself except in its relation to God.

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Male*con`for*ma"tion (?), n. Malconformation.

Male"con*tent` (?), a. Malcontent.

Mal`e*di"cen*cy (?), n. [L. maledicentia. See Maledicent.] Evil speaking. [Obs.] Atterbury.

Mal`e*di"cent (?), a. [L. maledicens, p. pr. of maledicere to speak ill; male ill + dicere to say, speak. See Malice, and Diction.] Speaking reproachfully; slanderous. [Obs.] Sir E. Sandys.

Mal"e*dict (?), a. [L. maledictus, p. p. of maledicere.] Accursed; abominable. [R.]

Mal`e*dic"tion, n. [L. maledictio: cf. F. malédiction. See Maledicent.] A proclaiming of evil against some one; a cursing; imprecation; a curse or execration; -- opposed to benediction.

No malediction falls from his tongue.

Longfellow.

Syn. -- Cursing; curse; execration; imprecation; denunciation; anathema. -- Malediction, Curse, Imprecation, Execration. Malediction is the most general term, denoting bitter reproach, or wishes and predictions of evil. Curse implies the desire or threat of evil, declared upon oath or in the most solemn manner. Imprecation is literally the praying down of evil upon a person. Execration is literally a putting under the ban of excommunication, a curse which excludes from the kingdom of God. In ordinary usage, the last three words describe profane swearing, execration being the strongest.

Mal`e*fac"tion (?), n. [See Malefactor.] A crime; an offense; an evil deed. [R.] Shak.

Mal`e*fac"tor (?), n. [L., fr. malefacere to do evil; male ill, evil + facere to do. See Malice, and Fact.] 1. An evil doer; one who commits a crime; one subject to public prosecution and punishment; a criminal.

2. One who does wrong by injuring another, although not a criminal. [Obs.] H. Brooke. Fuller.

Syn. -- Evil doer; criminal; culprit; felon; convict.

Mal`e*fac"tress (?), n. A female malefactor. Hawthorne.

Male*fea"sance (?), n. See Malfeasance.

Ma*lef"ic (?), a. [L. maleficus: cf. F. maléfique. See Malefaction.] Doing mischief; causing harm or evil; nefarious; hurtful. [R.] Chaucer.

Mal"e*fice (?), n. [L. maleficium: cf. F. maléfice. See Malefactor.] An evil deed; artifice; enchantment. [Obs.]

Ma*lef"i*cence (?), n. [L. maleficentia. Cf. Malfeasance.] Evil doing, esp. to others.

Ma*lef"i*cent (?), a. [See Malefic.] Doing evil to others; harmful; mischievous.

Mal`e*fi"cial (?), a. Injurious. Fuller.

Mal`e*fi"ci*ate (?), v. t. [LL. maleficiatus, p. p. of maleficiare to bewitch, fr. L. maleficium. See Malefice.] To bewitch; to harm. [Obs.] Burton.

Mal`e*fi`ci*a"tion (?), n. A bewitching. [Obs.]

Mal`e*fi"cience (?), n. [See Maleficence.] The doing of evil, harm, or mischief.

Mal`e*fi"cient (?), a. [See Maleficent.] Doing evil, harm, or mischief.

Male`for*ma"tion (?), n. See Malformation.

Ma*le"ic (?), a. [Cf. F. maléique. See Malic.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid of the ethylene series, metameric with fumaric acid and obtained by heating malic acid.

Ma*len"gine (?), n. [OF. malengin; L. malus bad, evil + ingenium natural capacity. See Engine.] Evil machination; guile; deceit. [Obs.] Gower.

Ma"le*o (?), n. [From its native name.] (Zoöl.) A bird of Celebes (megacephalon maleo), allied to the brush turkey. It makes mounds in which to lay its eggs.

Male-o"dor (?), n. See Malodor.

Male*prac"tice (?), n. See Malpractice.

Male"-spir`it*ed (?), a. Having the spirit of a male; vigorous; courageous. [R.] B. Jonson.

Mal"et (?), n. [F. mallette, dim. of malle. See Mail a bag.] A little bag or budget. [Obs.] Shelton.

Male*treat" (?), v. t. See Maltreat.

Ma*lev"o*lence (?), n. [L. malevolentia. See Malevolent.] The quality or state of being malevolent; evil disposition toward another; inclination to injure others; ill will. See Synonym of Malice.

Ma*lev"o*lent (?), a. [L. malevolens, -entis; male ill + volens, p. pr. of velle to be willing or disposed, to wish. See Malice, and Voluntary.] Wishing evil; disposed to injure others; rejoicing in another's misfortune.

Syn. -- Ill-disposed; envious; mischievous; evil-minded; spiteful; malicious; malignant; rancorous.

Ma*lev"o*lent*ly, adv. In a malevolent manner.

Ma*lev"o*lous (?), a. [L. malevolus; fr. male ill + velle to be disposed.] Malevolent. [Obs.] Bp. Warburton.

Mal*ex`e*cu"tion (?), n. [Mal- + execution.] Bad execution. D. Webster.

Ma*le"yl (?), n. [Maleic + - yl.] (Chem.) A hypothetical radical derived from maleic acid.

Mal*fea"sance (?), n. [F. malfaisance, fr. malfaisant injurious, doing ill; mal ill, evil + faisant doing, p. pr. of faire to do. See Malice, Feasible, and cf. Maleficence.] (Law) The doing of an act which a person ought not to do; evil conduct; an illegal deed. [Written also malefeasance.]

Mal`for*ma"tion (?), n. [Mal- + formation.] Ill formation; irregular or anomalous formation; abnormal or wrong conformation or structure.

Mal*gra"cious (?), a. [F. malgracieux.] Not graceful; displeasing. [Obs.] Gower.

Mal"gre (?), prep. See Mauger.

Ma"lic (?), a. [L. malum an apple: cf. F. malique.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or obtained from, apples; as, malic acid.

Malic acid, a hydroxy acid obtained as a substance which is sirupy or crystallized with difficulty, and has a strong but pleasant sour taste. It occurs in many fruits, as in green apples, currants, etc. It is levorotatory or dextrorotatory according to the temperature and concentration. An artificial variety is a derivative of succinic acid, but has no action on polarized light, and thus malic acid is a remarkable case of physical isomerism.

Mal"ice (ml"s), n. [F. malice, fr. L. malitia, from malus bad, ill, evil, prob. orig., dirty, black; cf. Gr. me`las black, Skr. mala dirt. Cf. Mauger.] 1. Enmity of heart; malevolence; ill will; a spirit delighting in harm or misfortune to another; a disposition to injure another; a malignant design of evil. "Nor set down aught in malice." Shak.

Envy, hatred, and malice are three distinct passions of the mind.

Ld. Holt.

2. (Law) Any wicked or mischievous intention of the mind; a depraved inclination to mischief; an intention to vex, annoy, or injure another person, or to do a wrongful act without just cause or cause or excuse; a wanton disregard of the rights or safety of others; willfulness.

Malice aforethought or prepense, malice previously and deliberately entertained.

Syn. -- Spite; ill will; malevolence; grudge; pique; bitterness; animosity; malignity; maliciousness; rancor; virulence. See Spite. -- Malevolence, Malignity, Malignancy. Malice is a stronger word than malevolence, which may imply only a desire that evil may befall another, while malice desires, and perhaps intends, to bring it about. Malignity is intense and deepseated malice. It implies a natural delight in hating and wronging others. One who is malignant must be both malevolent and malicious; but a man may be malicious without being malignant.

Proud tyrants who maliciously destroy And ride o'er ruins with
malignant joy.

Somerville.

in some connections, malignity seems rather more pertinently
applied to a radical depravity of nature, and malignancy to
indications of this depravity, in temper and conduct in particular
instances.

Cogan.

Mal"ice, v. t. To regard with extreme ill will. [Obs.]

Mal"i*cho (?), n. [Sp. malhecho; mal bad + hecho deed, L. factum. See Fact.] Mischief. [Obs.] Shak.

Ma*li"cious (?), a. [Of. malicius, F. malicieux, fr. L. malitiosus. See Malice.] 1. Indulging or exercising malice; harboring ill will or enmity.

I grant him bloody, . . . Sudden, malicious, smacking of every sin
That has a name.

Shak.

2. Proceeding from hatred or ill will; dictated by malice; as, a malicious report; malicious mischief.

3. (Law) With wicked or mischievous intentions or motives; wrongful and done intentionally without just cause or excuse; as, a malicious act.

Malicious abandonment, the desertion of a wife or husband without just cause. Burrill. -- Malicious mischief (Law), malicious injury to the property of another; -- an offense at common law. Wharton. -- Malicious prosecution or arrest (Law), a wanton prosecution or arrest, by regular process in a civil or criminal proceeding, without probable cause. Bouvier.

Syn. -- Ill-disposed; evil-minded; mischievous; envious; malevolent; invidious; spiteful; bitter; malignant; rancorous; malign.

-- Ma*li"cious*ly, adv. -- Ma*li"cious*ness, n.

Ma*lign" (?), a. [L. malignus, for maligenus, i. e., of a bad kind or nature; malus bad + the root of genus birth, race, kind: cf. F. malin, masc., maligne, fem. See Malice, Gender, and cf. Benign, Malignant.] 1. Having an evil disposition toward others; harboring violent enmity; malevolent; malicious; spiteful; -- opposed to benign.

Witchcraft may be by operation of malign spirits.

Bacon.

2. Unfavorable; unpropitious; pernicious; tending to injure; as, a malign aspect of planets.

3. Malignant; as, a malign ulcer. [R.] Bacon.

Ma*lign", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Maligned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Maligning.] [Cf. L. malignare. See Malign, a.] To treat with malice; to show hatred toward; to abuse; to wrong; to injure. [Obs.]

The people practice what mischiefs and villainies they will against
private men, whom they malign by stealing their goods, or murdering
them.

Spenser.

2. To speak great evil of; to traduce; to defame; to slander; to vilify; to asperse.

To be envied and shot at; to be maligned standing, and to be
despised falling.

South.

Ma*lign", v. i. To entertain malice. [Obs.]

{ Ma*lig"nance (?), Ma*lig"nan*cy , } n. [See Malignant.] 1. The state or quality of being malignant; extreme malevolence; bitter enmity; malice; as, malignancy of heart.

2. Unfavorableness; evil nature.

The malignancy of my fate might perhaps distemner yours.

Shak.

3. (Med.) Virulence; tendency to a fatal issue; as, the malignancy of an ulcer or of a fever.

4. The state of being a malignant.

Syn. -- Malice; malevolence; malignity. See Malice.

Ma*lig"nant (?), a. [L. malignans, -antis, p. pr. of malignare, malignari, to do or make maliciously. See Malign, and cf. Benignant.] 1. Disposed to do harm, inflict suffering, or cause distress; actuated by extreme malevolence or enmity; virulently inimical; bent on evil; malicious.

A malignant and a turbaned Turk.

Shak.

2. Characterized or caused by evil intentions; pernicious. "Malignant care." Macaulay.

Some malignant power upon my life.

Shak.

Something deleterious and malignant as his touch.

Hawthorne.

3. (Med.) Tending to produce death; threatening a fatal issue; virulent; as, malignant diphtheria.

Malignant pustule (Med.), a very contagious disease, transmitted to man from animals, characterized by the formation, at the point of reception of the virus, of a vesicle or pustule which first enlarges and then breaks down into an unhealthy ulcer. It is marked by profound exhaustion and usually fatal. Called also charbon, and sometimes, improperly, anthrax.

Ma*lig"nant (?), n. 1. A man of extreme enmity or evil intentions. Hooker.

2. (Eng. Hist.) One of the adherents of Charles I. or Charles II.; -- so called by the opposite party.

Ma*lig"nant*ly, adv. In a malignant manner.

Ma*lign"er (?), n. One who maligns.

Ma*lig"ni*fy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Malignified (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Malignifying (?).] [L. malignus malign + -fy.] To make malign or malignant. [R.] "A strong faith malignified." Southey.

Ma*lig"ni*ty (?), n. [F. malignité, L. malignitas.] 1. The state or quality of being malignant; disposition to do evil; virulent enmity; malignancy; malice; spite.

2. Virulence; deadly quality.

His physicians discerned an invincible malignity in his disease.

Hayward.

3. Extreme evilness of nature or influence; perniciousness; heinousness; as, the malignity of fraud. [R.]

Syn. -- See Malice.

Ma*lign"ly (?), adv. In a malign manner; with malignity.

Ma*lin"ger (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. MAlingered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Malingering.] To act the part of a malingerer; to feign illness or inability.

Ma*lin"ger*er (?), n. [F. malingre sickly, weakly, prob. from mal ill + OF. heingre, haingre, thin, lean, infirm, fr. L. aeger.] In the army, a soldier who feigns himself sick, or who induces or protracts an illness, in order to avoid doing his duty; hence, in general, one who shirks his duty by pretending illness or inability.

Ma*lin"ger*y (?), n. The spirit or practices of a malingerer; malingering.

Mal"i*son (?), n. [OF. maleicon, L. maledictio. See Malediction, and cf. Benison.] Malediction; curse; execration. [Poetic]

God's malison on his head who this gainsays.

Sir W. Scott.

Mal"kin (?), n. [Dim. of Maud, the proper name. Cf. Grimalkin.] [Written also maukin.] 1. Originally, a kitchenmaid; a slattern. Chaucer.

2. A mop made of clouts, used by the kitchen servant.

3. A scarecrow. [Prov. Eng.]

4. (Mil.) A mop or sponge attached to a jointed staff for swabbing out a cannon.

Mall (ml; 277), n. [Written also maul.] [OE. malle, F. mail, L. malleus. Cf. Malleus.] 1. A large heavy wooden beetle; a mallet for driving anything with force; a maul. Addison.

2. A heavy blow. [Obs.] Spenser.

3. An old game played with malls or mallets and balls. See Pall-mall. Cotton.

4. A place where the game of mall was played. Hence: A public walk; a level shaded walk.

Part of the area was laid out in gravel walks, and planted with
elms; and these convenient and frequented walks obtained the name
of the City Mall.

Southey.

Mall (ml), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Malled (mld); p. pr. & vb. n. Malling.] [Cf. OF. mailler. See Mall beetle, and cf. Malleate.] To beat with a mall; to beat with something heavy; to bruise; to maul.

Mall (ml), n. [LL. mallum a public assembly; cf. OHG. mahal assembly, transaction; akin to AS. mæðel, meðel, assembly, mlan to speak, Goth. maþl market place.] Formerly, among Teutonic nations, a meeting of the notables of a state for the transaction of public business, such meeting being a modification of the ancient popular assembly. Hence: (a) A court of justice. (b) A place where justice is administered. (c) A place where public meetings are held.

Councils, which had been as frequent as diets or malls, ceased.

Milman.

Mal"lard (?), n. [F. malari,fr. mâle male + -art =-ard. See Male, a., and -ard.] 1. (Zoöl.) A drake; the male of Anas boschas.

2. (Zoöl.) A large wild duck (Anas boschas) inhabiting both America and Europe. The domestic duck has descended from this species. Called also greenhead.

Mal"le*a*bil"i*ty (?), n. [CF. F. malléabilité.] The quality or state of being malleable; -- opposed to friability and brittleness. Locke.

Mal"le*a*ble (?), a. [F. malléable, fr. LL. malleare to hammer. See Malleate.] Capable of being extended or shaped by beating with a hammer, or by the pressure of rollers; -- applied to metals.

Malleable iron, iron that is capable of extension or of being shaped under the hammer; decarbonized cast iron. See under Iron. -- Malleable iron castings, articles cast from pig iron and made malleable by heating then for several days in the presence of some substance, as hematite, which deprives the cast iron of some of its carbon.

Mal"le*a*ble*ize (?), v. t. To make malleable.

Mal"le*a*ble*ness, n. Quality of being malleable.

Mal"le*al (?), a. (Anat.) Pertaining to the malleus.

Mal"le*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Malleated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Malleating (?).] [L. malleatus hammered, fr. malleus a hammer. See Mall, v. t.] To hammer; to beat into a plate or leaf.

Mal`le*a"tion (?), n. [LL. malleatio: cf. OF. malléation.] The act or process of beating into a plate, sheet, or leaf, as a metal; extension by beating.

<! p. 888 !>

Mal"le*cho (?), n. Same as Malicho.

Mal*lee" bird` (?). (Zoöl.) [From native name.] The leipoa. See Leipoa.

{ Mal"le*mock (?), Mal"le*moke (?), } n. (Zoöl.) See Mollemoke.

Mal"len*ders (?), n. pl. (Far.) Same as Malanders.

Mal*le"o*lar (?), a. [See Malleolus.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the malleolus; in the region of the malleoli of the ankle joint.

||Mal*le"*o*lus (?), n.; pl. Malleoli (#). [L., dim. of malleus ||hammer.] 1. (Anat.) A projection at the distal end of each bone of ||the leg at the ankle joint. The malleolus of the tibia is the ||internal projection, that of the fibula the external.

2. " A layer, " a shoot partly buried in the ground, and there cut halfway through.

Mal"let (?), n. [F. maillet, dim. of mail. See Mall a beetle.] A small maul with a short handle, -- used esp. for driving a tool, as a chisel or the like; also, a light beetle with a long handle, -- used in playing croquet.

||Mal"le*us (?), n.; pl. Mallei (#). [L., hammer. See Mall a beetle.] ||1. (Anat.) The outermost of the three small auditory bones, ossicles; ||the hammer. It is attached to the tympanic membrane by a long ||process, the handle or manubrium. See Illust. of Far.

2. (Zoöl.) One of the hard lateral pieces of the mastax of Rotifera. See Mastax.

3. (Zoöl.) A genus of bivalve shells; the hammer shell.

||Mal*loph"a*ga (ml*lf"*g), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. mallo`s a lock of wool ||+ fagei^n to eat.] (Zoöl.) An extensive group of insects which are ||parasitic on birds and mammals, and feed on the feathers and hair; -- ||called also bird lice. See Bird louse, under Bird.

||Mal*lo"tus (?), n. [NL., fr Gr. &?; fleecy.] (Zoöl.) A genus of small ||Arctic fishes. One American species, the capelin (Mallotus villosus), ||is extensively used as bait for cod.

{ Mal"low (?), Mal"lows (?), } n. [OE. malwe, AS. mealwe, fr. L. malva, akin to Gr. mala`chh; cf. mala`ssein to soften, malako`s soft. Named either from its softening or relaxing properties, or from its soft downy leaves. Cf. Mauve, Malachite.] (Bot.) A genus of plants (Malva) having mucilaginous qualities. See Malvaceous.

The flowers of the common mallow (M. sylvestris) are used in medicine. The dwarf mallow (M. rotundifolia) is a common weed, and its flattened, dick-shaped fruits are called cheeses by children. Tree mallow (M. Mauritiana and Lavatera arborea), musk mallow (M. moschata), rose mallow or hollyhock, and curled mallow (M. crispa), are less commonly seen.

Indian mallow. See Abutilon. -- Jew's mallow, a plant (Corchorus olitorius) used as a pot herb by the Jews of Egypt and Syria. -- Marsh mallow. See under Marsh.

Mal"low*wort` (ml"l*wûrt), n. (Bot.) Any plant of the order Malvaceæ.

{ Malm (?), Malm"brick` (?), } n. [Cf. AS. mealm sand.] A kind of brick of a light brown or yellowish color, made of sand, clay, and chalk.

Mal"ma (?), n. (Zoöl.) A spotted trout (Salvelinus malma), inhabiting Northern America, west of the Rocky Mountains; -- called also Dolly Varden trout, bull trout, red-spotted trout, and golet.

||Mal"mag (?), n. [F., from native name in Madagascar.] (Zoöl.) The ||tarsius, or spectral lemur.

Malm"sey (?), n. [OE. malvesie, F. malvoisie, It. malvasia, malavagia, fr. Malvasia, or Napoli di Malvasia, in the Morea.] A kind of sweet wine from Crete, the Canary Islands, etc. Shak.

Mal`nu*tri"tion (?), n. [Mal- + nutrition.] (Physiol.) Faulty or imperfect nutrition.

Mal*ob`ser*va"tion (?), n. [Mal- + observation.] Erroneous observation. J. S Mill.

Mal*o"dor (?), n. An offensive odor. [1913 Webster]

Mal*o"dor*ous (?), a. Offensive to the sense of smell; ill-smelling. -- Mal*o"dor*ous*ness. n. Carlyle. [1913 Webster]

Mal"o*nate (?), a. (Chem.) A salt of malonic acid.

Ma*lon"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid produced artifically as a white crystalline substance, CH2.(CO2H)2, and so called because obtained by the oxidation of malic acid.

Mal"o*nyl (?), n. [Malonic + -yl.] (Chem.) A hydrocarbon radical, CH2.(CO)2, from malonic acid.

||Mal*pi"ghi*a (?), n. [NL. See Malpighian.] (Bot.) A genus of tropical ||American shrubs with opposite leaves and small white or reddish ||flowers. The drupes of Malpighia urens are eaten under the name of ||Barbadoes cherries.

Mal*pi`ghi*a"ceous (?), a. (Bot.) Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a natural order of tropical trees and shrubs (Malpighiaceæ), some of them climbing plants, and their stems forming many of the curious lianes of South American forests.

Mal*pi"ghi*an (?), a. (Anat.) Of, pertaining to, or discovered by, Marcello Malpighi, an Italian anatomist of the 17th century.

Malpighian capsules or corpuscles, the globular dilatations, containing the glomeruli or Malpighian tufts, at the extremities of the urinary tubules of the kidney. -- Malpighian corpuscles of the spleen, masses of adenoid tissue connected with branches of the splenic artery.

Mal`po*si"tion (?), n. [Mal- + position.] A wrong position.

Mal*prac"tice (?), n. [Mal- + practice.] Evil practice; illegal or immoral conduct; practice contrary to established rules; specifically, the treatment of a case by a surgeon or physician in a manner which is contrary to accepted rules and productive of unfavorable results. [Written also malepractice.]

Malt (?), n. [AS. mealt; akin to D. mout, G. malz, Icel., Sw., & Dan. malt, and E. melt. &radic;108. See Melt.] Barley or other grain, steeped in water and dried in a kiln, thus forcing germination until the saccharine principle has been evolved. It is used in brewing and in the distillation of whisky.

Malt, a. Relating to, containing, or made with, malt.

Malt liquor, an alcoholic liquor, as beer, ale, porter, etc., prepared by fermenting an infusion of malt. - - Malt dust, fine particles of malt, or of the grain used in making malt; -- used as a fertilizer. " Malt dust consists chiefly of the infant radicle separated from the grain." Sir H. Davy. -- Malt floor, a floor for drying malt. -- Malt house, or Malthouse, a house in which malt is made. -- Malt kiln, a heated chamber for drying malt.

Malt, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Malted: p. pr. & vb. n. Malting.] To make into malt; as, to malt barley.

Malt, v. i. To become malt; also, to make grain into malt. Mortimer.

Mal"ta*lent (?), n. [F. See Malice, and Talent.] Ill will; malice. [Obs.] Rom. of R. Spenser.

Mal*tese" (?), a. Of or pertaining to Malta or to its inhabitants. -- n. sing. & pl. A native or inhabitant of Malta; the people of Malta.

Maltese cat (Zoöl.), a mouse- colored variety of the domestic cat. -- Maltese cross. See Illust. 5, of Cross. -- Maltese dog (Zoöl.), a breed of small terriers, having long silky white hair. The breed originated in Malta.

||Mal"tha (ml"th), n. [L., fr. Gr. ma`lqa.] 1. A variety of bitumen, ||viscid and tenacious, like pitch, unctuous to the touch, and exhaling ||a bituminous odor.

2. Mortar. [Obs.] Holland.

Mal*thu"sian (?), a. Of or pertaining to the political economist, the Rev. T. R. Malthus, or conforming to his views; as, Malthusian theories.

Malthus held that population tends to increase faster than its means of subsistence can be made to do, and hence that the lower classes must necessarily suffer more or less from lack of food, unless an increase of population be checked by prudential restraint or otherwise.

Mal*thu"sian, n. A follower of Malthus.

Mal*thu"sian*ism (?), n. The system of Malthusian doctrines relating to population.

{ Malt"in (?), Malt"ine (?), } n. (Physiol. Chem.) The fermentative principle of malt; malt diastase; also, a name given to various medicinal preparations made from or containing malt.

Malt"ing (?), n. The process of making, or of becoming malt.

Malt"man (?), n.; pl. Maltmen (&?;). A man whose occupation is to make malt.

Mal*ton"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or derived from, maltose; specif., designating an acid called also gluconic or dextronic acid. See Gluconic.

Malt"ose` (mlt"s`), n. [From Malt.] (Physiol. Chem.) A crystalline sugar formed from starch by the action of diastase of malt, and the amylolytic ferment of saliva and pancreatic juice. It resembles dextrose, but rotates the plane of polarized light further to the right and possesses a lower cupric oxide reducing power.

Mal*treat" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Maltreated; p. pr. & vb. n. Maltreating.] [Mal- + treat: cf. F. maltraiter.] To treat ill; to abuse; to treat roughly.

Mal*treat"ment (?), n.; [Cf. F. maltraitement.] Ill treatment; ill usage; abuse.

Malt"ster (?), n. A maltman. Swift.

Malt"worm` (?), n. A tippler. [R.] Shak.

Malt"y (?), a. Containing, or like, malt. Dickens.

||Ma"lum (?), n.; pl. Mala (#). [L.] An evil. See Mala.

Mal*va"ceous (?), a. [L. malvaceus, from malva mallows. See Mallow.] (Bot.) Pertaining to, or resembling, a natural order of plants (Malvaceæ), of which the mallow is the type. The cotton plant, hollyhock, and abutilon are of this order, and the baobab and the silk-cotton trees are now referred to it.

Mal`ver*sa"tion (?), n. [F., fr. malverser to be corrupt in office, fr. L. male ill + versari to move about, to occupy one's self, vertere to turn. See Malice, and Verse.] Evil conduct; fraudulent practices; misbehavior, corruption, or extortion in office.

Mal"ve*sie (?), n. Malmsey wine. See Malmsey. " A jub of malvesye." Chaucer.

Mam (mm), n. [Abbrev. fr. mamma.] Mamma.

Ma*ma" (?), n. See Mamma.

Mam"a*luke (?), n. Same as Mameluke.

||Mam"e*lon (?), n. [F.] A rounded hillock; a rounded elevation or ||protuberance. Westmin. Rev.

||Mam`e*lu"co (?), n. [Pg.] A child born of a white father and Indian ||mother. [S. Amer.]

Mam"e*luke (?), n. [F. mamelouk, cf. Sp. mameluco, It. mammalucco; all fr. Ar. maml&?;k a purchased slave or captive; lit., possessed or in one's power, p. p. of malaka to possesses.] One of a body of mounted soldiers recruited from slaves converted to Mohammedanism, who, during several centuries, had more or less control of the government of Egypt, until exterminated or dispersed by Mehemet Ali in 1811.

Mam"il*la`ted (?), a. See Mammillated.

Mam*ma" (?), n. [Reduplicated from the infantine word ma, influenced in spelling by L. mamma.] Mother; -- word of tenderness and familiarity. [Written also mama.]

Tell tales papa and mamma.

Swift.

Mam"ma (?), n.; pl. Mammæ (#). [L. mamma breast.] (Anat.) A glandular organ for secreting milk, characteristic of all mammals, but usually rudimentary in the male; a mammary gland; a breast; udder; bag.

Mam"mal (?), n.; pl. Mammals (#). [L. mammalis belonging to the breast, fr. mamma the breast or pap: cf. F. mammal.] (Zoöl.) One of the Mammalia.

Age of mammals. See under Age, n., 8.

||Mam*ma"li*a (?), n. pl. [NL., from L. mammalis. See Mammal.] (Zoöl.) ||The highest class of Vertebrata. The young are nourished for a time ||by milk, or an analogous fluid, secreted by the mammary glands of the ||mother.

Mammalia are divided into three subclasses; --

I. Placentalia. This subclass embraces all the higher orders, including man. In these the fetus is attached to the uterus by a placenta.

II. Marsupialia. In these no placenta is formed, and the young, which are born at an early state of development, are carried for a time attached to the teats, and usually protected by a marsupial pouch. The opossum, kangaroo, wombat, and koala are examples.

III. Monotremata. In this group, which includes the genera Echidna and Ornithorhynchus, the female lays large eggs resembling those of a bird or lizard, and the young, which are hatched like those of birds, are nourished by a watery secretion from the imperfectly developed mammæ.

Mam*ma"li*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to the Mammalia or mammals.

Mam`ma*lif"er*ous (?), a. [Mammal + -ferous.] (Geol.) Containing mammalian remains; -- said of certain strata.

Mam`ma*log"ic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to mammalogy.

Mam*mal"o*gist (?), n. [Cf. F. mammalogiste.] One versed in mammalogy.

Mam*mal"o*gy (?), n. [Mamma breast + -logy: cf. f. mammalogie.] The science which relates to mammals or the Mammalia. See Mammalia.

Mam"ma*ry (?), a. [Cf. F. mammaire.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the mammæ or breasts; as, the mammary arteries and veins.

Mam*mee" (?), n. [Haytian mamey.] (Bot.) A fruit tree of tropical America, belonging to the genus Mammea (M. Americana); also, its fruit. The latter is large, covered with a thick, tough ring, and contains a bright yellow pulp of a pleasant taste and fragrant scent. It is often called mammee apple.

Mam"mer (?), v. i. [Cf. G. memme coward, poltroon.] To hesitate; to mutter doubtfully. [Obs.]

Mam"met (?), n. [See Mawmet.] An idol; a puppet; a doll. [Obs.] Selden. Shak.

Mam"met*ry (?), n. See Mawmetry. [Obs.]

Mam"mi*fer (?), n. [NL. See Mammiferous.] (Zoöl.) A mammal. See Mammalia.

Mam*mif"er*ous (?), a. [Mamma breast + -ferous: cf. F. mammifère.] Having breasts; of, pertaining to, or derived from, the Mammalia.

Mam"mi*form (?), a. [Mamma breast + -form: cf. F. mammiforme.] Having the form of a mamma (breast) or mammæ.

||Mam*mil"la (?), n.; pl. Mammilæ (#). [L., dim. of mamma a breast.] ||(Anat.) The nipple.

Mam"mil*la*ry (?), a. [Cf. F. mammilaire. See Mammilla.] 1. Of or pertaining to the mammilla, or nipple, or to the breast; resembling a mammilla; mammilloid.

2. (Min.) Composed of convex convex concretions, somewhat resembling the breasts in form; studded with small mammiform protuberances.

{ Mam"mil*late (?), Mam"mil*la`ted (?), } a. [See Mammilla.] 1. Having small nipples, or small protuberances like nipples or mammæ.

2. (Zoöl.) Bounded like a nipple; -- said of the apex of some shells.

Mam*mil"li*form (?), a. [Mammilla + -form.] Having the form of a mammilla.

Mam"mil*loid (?), a. [Mammilla + -oid.] Like a mammilla or nipple; mammilliform.

Mam"mock (?), n. [Ir. & Gael. mam a round hill + -ock.] A shapeless piece; a fragment. [Obs.]

Mam"mock, v. t. To tear to pieces. [Obs.] Milton.

Mam"mo*dis (?), n. [F. mamoudis, fr. Hind. mahmd a muslin.] Coarse plain India muslins.

Mam*mol"o*gy (?), n. [Mamma + -logy.] Mastology. See Mammalogy.

Mam"mon (?), n. [L. mammona, Gr. &?; riches, Syr. mam&?;n; cf. Heb. matm&?;n a hiding place, subterranean storehouse, treasury, fr. tman to hide.] Riches; wealth; the god of riches; riches, personified.

Ye can not serve God and Mammon.

Matt. vi. 24.

Mam"mon*ish, a. Actuated or prompted by a devotion to money getting or the service of Mammon. Carlyle.

Mam"mon*ism (?), n. Devotion to the pursuit of wealth; worldliness. Carlyle.

Mam"mon*ist, n. A mammonite.

Mam"mon*ite (?), n. One devoted to the acquisition of wealth or the service of Mammon. C. Kingsley.

Mam`mon*i*za"tion (?), n. The process of making mammonish; the state of being under the influence of mammonism.

Mam"mon*ize (?), v. t. To make mammonish.

Mam*mose" (?), a. [L. mammosus having large breasts, mamma breast.] (Bot.) Having the form of the breast; breast-shaped.

<! p. 889 !>

Mam"moth (?), n. [Russ. mâmont, mámant, fr. Tartar mamma the earth. Certain Tartar races, the Tungooses and Yakoots, believed that the mammoth worked its way in the earth like a mole.] (Zoöl.) An extinct, hairy, maned elephant (Elephas primigenius), of enormous size, remains of which are found in the northern parts of both continents. The last of the race, in Europe, were coeval with prehistoric man.

Several specimens have been found in Siberia preserved entire, with the flesh and hair remaining. They were imbedded in the ice cliffs at a remote period, and became exposed by the melting of the ice.

Mam"moth (?), a. Resembling the mammoth in size; very large; gigantic; as, a mammoth ox.

Mam"mo*thrept (?), n. [Gr. &?;; &?; grandmother + &?; to nourish.] A child brought up by its grandmother; a spoiled child. [R.]

O, you are a more mammothrept in judgment.

B. Jonson.

Mam"my (?), n.; pl. Mammies (&?;). A child's name for mamma, mother.

||Mam"zer (?), n. [Heb. mámz&?;r.] A person born of relations between ||whom marriage was forbidden by the Mosaic law; a bastard. Deut. ||xxiii. 2 (Douay version).

Man (mn), n.; pl. Men (mn). [AS. mann, man, monn, mon; akin to OS., D., & OHG. man, G. mann, Icel. maðr, for mannr, Dan. Mand, Sw. man, Goth. manna, Skr. manu, manus, and perh. to Skr. man to think, and E. mind. &radic;104. Cf. Minx a pert girl.] 1. A human being; -- opposed to beast.

These men went about wide, and man found they none, But fair
country, and wild beast many [a] one.

R. of Glouc.

The king is but a man, as I am; the violet smells to him as it doth
to me.

Shak.

2. Especially: An adult male person; a grown- up male person, as distinguished from a woman or a child.

When I became a man, I put away childish things.

I Cor. xiii. 11.

Ceneus, a woman once, and once a man.

Dryden.

3. The human race; mankind.

And God said, Let us make man in our image, after our likeness, and
let them have dominion.

Gen. i. 26.

The proper study of mankind is man.

Pope.

4. The male portion of the human race.

Woman has, in general, much stronger propensity than man to the
discharge of parental duties.

Cowper.

5. One possessing in a high degree the distinctive qualities of manhood; one having manly excellence of any kind. Shak.

This was the noblest Roman of them all . . . the elements So mixed
in him that Nature might stand up And say to all the world "This
was a man!"

Shak.

6. An adult male servant; also, a vassal; a subject.

Like master, like man.

Old Proverb.

The vassal, or tenant, kneeling, ungirt, uncovered, and holding up
his hands between those of his lord, professed that he did become
his man from that day forth, of life, limb, and earthly honor.

Blackstone.

7. A term of familiar address often implying on the part of the speaker some degree of authority, impatience, or haste; as, Come, man, we 've no time to lose!

8. A married man; a husband; -- correlative to wife.

I pronounce that they are man and wife.

Book of Com. Prayer.

every wife ought to answer for her man.

Addison.

9. One, or any one, indefinitely; -- a modified survival of the Saxon use of man, or mon, as an indefinite pronoun.

A man can not make him laugh.

Shak.

A man would expect to find some antiquities; but all they have to
show of this nature is an old rostrum of a Roman ship.

Addison.

10. One of the piece with which certain games, as chess or draughts, are played.

Man is often used as a prefix in composition, or as a separate adjective, its sense being usually self-explaining; as, man child, man eater or maneater, man- eating, man hater or manhater, man-hating, manhunter, man-hunting, mankiller, man- killing, man midwife, man pleaser, man servant, man-shaped, manslayer, manstealer, man-stealing, manthief, man worship, etc.

Man is also used as a suffix to denote a person of the male sex having a business which pertains to the thing spoken of in the qualifying part of the compound; ashman, butterman, laundryman, lumberman, milkman, fireman, showman, waterman, woodman. Where the combination is not familiar, or where some specific meaning of the compound is to be avoided, man is used as a separate substantive in the foregoing sense; as, apple man, cloth man, coal man, hardware man, wood man (as distinguished from woodman).

Man ape (Zoöl.), a anthropoid ape, as the gorilla. -- Man at arms, a designation of the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries for a soldier fully armed. -- Man engine, a mechanical lift for raising or lowering people through considerable distances; specifically (Mining), a contrivance by which miners ascend or descend in a shaft. It consists of a series of landings in the shaft and an equal number of shelves on a vertical rod which has an up and down motion equal to the distance between the successive landings. A man steps from a landing to a shelf and is lifted or lowered to the next landing, upon which he them steps, and so on, traveling by successive stages. -- Man Friday, a person wholly subservient to the will of another, like Robinson Crusoe's servant Friday. -- Man of straw, a puppet; one who is controlled by others; also, one who is not responsible pecuniarily. -- Man-of-the earth (Bot.), a twining plant (Ipomœa pandurata) with leaves and flowers much like those of the morning-glory, but having an immense tuberous farinaceous root. -- Man of war. (a) A warrior; a soldier. Shak. (b) (Naut.) See in the Vocabulary. -- To be one's own man, to have command of one's self; not to be subject to another.

Man (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Manned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Manning.] 1. To supply with men; to furnish with a sufficient force or complement of men, as for management, service, defense, or the like; to guard; as, to man a ship, boat, or fort.

See how the surly Warwick mans the wall !

Shak.

They man their boats, and all their young men arm.

Waller.

2. To furnish with strength for action; to prepare for efficiency; to fortify. "Theodosius having manned his soul with proper reflections." Addison.

3. To tame, as a hawk. [R.] Shak.

4. To furnish with a servant or servants. [Obs.] Shak.

5. To wait on as a manservant. [Obs.] Shak.

In "Othello," V. ii. 270, the meaning is uncertain, being, perhaps: To point, to aim, or to manage.

To man a yard (Naut.), to send men upon a yard, as for furling or reefing a sail. -- To man the yards (Naut.), to station men on the yards as a salute or mark of respect.

Man"a*ble (?), a. Marriageable. [Obs.]

Man"ace (?), n. & v. Same as Menace. [Obs.]

Man"a*cle (?), n. [OE. manicle, OF. manicle, F. manicle sort glove, manacle, L. manicula a little hand, dim. of manus hand; cf. L. manica sleeve, manacle, fr. manus. See Manual.] A handcuff; a shackle for the hand or wrist; -- usually in the plural.

Doctrine unto fools is as fetters on the feet, and like manacles on
the right hand.

Ecclus. xxi. 19.

Man"a*cle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Manacled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Manacling (?).] To put handcuffs or other fastening upon, for confining the hands; to shackle; to confine; to restrain from the use of the limbs or natural powers.

Is it thus you use this monarch, to manacle and shackle him hand
and foot ?

Arbuthnot.

Man"age (?), n. [F. manège, It. maneggio, fr. maneggiare to manage, fr. L. manushand. Perhaps somewhat influenced by F. ménage housekeeping, OF. mesnage, akin to E. mansion. See Manual, and cf. Manege.] The handling or government of anything, but esp. of a horse; management; administration. See Manege. [Obs.]

Young men, in the conduct and manage of actions, embrace more than
they can hold.

Bacon.

Down, down I come; like glistering Phaëthon Wanting the manage of
unruly jades.

Shak.

The unlucky manage of this fatal brawl.

Shak.

This word, in its limited sense of management of a horse, has been displaced by manege; in its more general meaning, by management.

Man"age (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Managed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Managing (?).] [From Manage, n.] 1. To have under control and direction; to conduct; to guide; to administer; to treat; to handle.

Long tubes are cumbersome, and scarce to be easily managed.

Sir I. Newton.

What wars Imanage, and what wreaths I gain.

Prior.

2. Hence: Esp., to guide by careful or delicate treatment; to wield with address; to make subservient by artful conduct; to bring around cunningly to one's plans.

It was so much his interest to manage his Protestant subjects.

Addison.

It was not her humor to manage those over whom she had gained an
ascendant.

Bp. Hurd.

3. To train in the manege, as a horse; to exercise in graceful or artful action.

4. To treat with care; to husband. Dryden.

5. To bring about; to contrive. Shak.

Syn. -- To direct; govern; control; wield; order; contrive; concert; conduct; transact.

Man"age, v. i. To direct affairs; to carry on business or affairs; to administer.

Leave them to manage for thee.

Dryden.

Man`age*a*bil"i*ty (?), n. The state or quality of being manageable; manageableness.

Man"age*a*ble (?), a. Such as can be managed or used; suffering control; governable; tractable; subservient; as, a manageable horse.

Syn. -- Governable; tractable; controllable; docile.

-- Man"age*a*ble*ness, n. -- Man"age*a*bly, adv.

Man"age*less, a. Unmanageable. [R.]

Man"age*ment (?), n. [From Manage, v.] 1. The act or art of managing; the manner of treating, directing, carrying on, or using, for a purpose; conduct; administration; guidance; control; as, the management of a family or of a farm; the management of state affairs. "The management of the voice." E. Porter.

2. Business dealing; negotiation; arrangement.

He had great managements with ecclesiastics.

Addison.

3. Judicious use of means to accomplish an end; conduct directed by art or address; skillful treatment; cunning practice; -- often in a bad sense.

Mark with what management their tribes divide Some stick to you,
and some to t'other side.

Dryden.

4. The collective body of those who manage or direct any enterprise or interest; the board of managers.

Syn. -- Conduct; administration; government; direction; guidance; care; charge; contrivance; intrigue.