Chapter XLVII: Appendix: EF (2)

Letter from Gordon to Mahdi, 9;
to the Sheikh El Obeyed, 9;
from Abdel Kader, 11;
from Calamatino, 11;
sent out to Arabs, 13, 14;
from Waled a Goun, 20;
to Mahdi from Ulemas, 22;
from Faki Mustapha, 38;
from Arab camp, 38;
curious, found, 63;
to Abdel Kader, 66;
two letters, 71;
from Gordon, 72;
Gordon to Waled a Goun, 95;
letter from Waled a Goun by a woman, 185;
two from Arabs, 190;
from Faki Mustapha, 193;
from Slatin, 196, 198, 200;
from Greek Consul, 213;
from Slatin, 214;
from Arabs, 219;
from the Mahdi, &c., 220;
has come in, 270;
from Mahdi, 270;
Gordon has, from Stanley and Baker, 274;
accompanying sixth Journal, 278;
given by Gordon to Stewart on leaving Kartoum, 280;
Gordon declares not to obey, 307;
received with _Bordeen_, 358;
from Abd el Kader Ibrahim to Gordon, 399;
Gordon to Abd el Kader Ibrahim, 403;
from Abderrahhman en Najoomi and Abdallah en Noor to Gordon, 404;
from Gordon to Abderrahhman en Najoomi, 407;
from Calamatino to Gordon, 409;
from Cuzzi to Gordon, 409;
from Gordon to Cuzzi, 410;
from Ulema to Abd el Kader Ibrahim, 410;
from Faki Mustapha to Cassim el Mousse, 420;
from Mudir of Kartoum to Governor-General, 426;
from Gordon to Abd el Kader Ibrahim, 428;
from Abd el Kader Ibrahim to Gordon, 430;
from Abderrahhman Abdallah en Noor to Gordon, 432;
from Gordon to Abderrahhman, 438;
from Abderrahhman to Gordon, 440;
from Stewart to Gordon, 442;
from Herbin to Gordon, 445;
from Abou Gugliz to Gordon, 447;
from El Sayet Eltahen, and Hamed Idreer to Commandant of Omdurman
Fort, 448;
from Faki Mustapha to Commandant of Omdurman Fort, 450;
from Slatin Bey to Gordon, 452, 453;
from Slatin Bey to Hansall, 455;
from Emir Ali Mahommed Abou Saad Esshentrawi al Abadi to Zubair,
508; from Saleh Bey to Gordon, 511, 512, 514;
from Greek Consul at Adowa to Gordon, 516;
from Greek Consul Mitzakis to Greek Consul at Kartoum, 517;
from Slatin Bey to Gordon, 519;
from Mudir of Sennaar to Gordon, 520;
from Mahdi to Gordon, 522;
from Mohammed Sheikh Mohammed Kerkasawi to Achmet, 531;
from Fakir Karam Illah to Khalif Abdallah Ben, 534;
from Kitchener to Gordon, 546;
from Roth to Gordon, 547;
from Sir J. Pauncefote to Roth, 548;
from Khedive of Egypt to Gordon, 550;
from Kalifa Abdulla Mahommed to Gordon, 553.

Lies of officers, 255, 339.

Lines, greatest insecurity felt respecting the, 266;
the weakest part of, 303.

Lincoln and abolition of slavery, 389.

Livingstone’s explorations, 171.

Lloyd-Clifford row with Nubar, 283.

Loot on left bank of Nile, 116.

Lord Mayor’s Show Day, Kartoum ought to have been relieved on, 260.

Lupton, surrender of, 21;
at Shaka, 224;
and surrender to Mahdi, 536.

M.

Maatak, defeat of rebels near, 479.

Machufats, 168.

Mahdi, progress of, 21;
arrival at Kartoum likely to prevent a massacre, 31;
a hypocrite and drinker of alcohol, 32;
puts pepper under finger-nails to make himself weep, 32;
the same recipe recommended to Cabinet Ministers, 33;
quarters on the Nile, 40;
and taking of Kartoum, 44;
meditates invasion of Egypt and Palestine, 44;
more powerful at a distance, 45;
programme of, 45;
Gordon envies, 45;
not the forces of, to be feared, 46;
strength of, at defeat of Hicks, 46;
as a slave hunter, 55;
at Rahad, 63;
proposes peace to tribes, 68;
at Schatt, 62;
will say he kicked you out, 86;
pity to give up Kartoum to, 87;
not at Schatt, 109;
dream of, 111;
at Schatt, 129;
Roman Catholic Mission with, 129;
Slatin with, 129;
would be strengthened by skeddadle, 138;
intends to come to Omdurman, 142;
all Europeans with, 143;
Frenchman imprisoned by, 144;
at Jura Hadra, 155;
expected at Omdurman, 158;
and Cuzzi, 164;
camp of, opposite Gitana, 170;
number with him, 170;
good thing to be near, 172;
not likely to attack Omdurman, 173;
people glad at approach of, 174;
one day’s march from Omdurman, 177;
number of regulars and guns with, 177;
intends bombarding Kartoum, 178;
promises Gordon letters, 186;
date of attack of, 186;
no news of arrival of, at Omdurman, 190;
no sign of, at Omdurman, 193;
reported at Isle of Abba, 195;
uncertainty as to movements of, 197;
and Kordofan respecting the arrests, 198;
lies as to being close, 199;
at Jura Hadra, 202;
said to be opposite Kalakla, 208, 209;
speculated on a rising, 213;
arrival of, at Omdurman, 213;
and Europeans four hours distant, 215;
has put Saleh Pasha in chains, 215;
treaty with, 216;
suspected spies of, 216;
forces men to change their religion, 216;
and King John fanatics and robbers, 216;
treaty with about the garrison, 220;
number of Arabs with, when he started, 222;
moved ferry higher up, 233;
prestige gained from defeat of Hicks, 234;
and Zubair, 238;
belief that, is dead, 240;
number of men with, 240;
service of, gratuitous, 245;
regulars of, robbing Arabs, 246;
undecided, 247;
position at El foun might have been dangerous, 253;
at Kokoo not Arabs, 255;
reported as unwilling to fight during a sacred month, 255;
will not fight until after Moharrem, 258;
going into a cave for two months, 263;
all Europeans with, not in cave though, 263;
Slatin good friends with, 263;
and Sheikh el Islam, 264;
three companies of regulars sent by, to bring back deserters, 264;
gave family of Hussein Pasha Khalifa monopoly of Korosko desert,
265;
will not fight during Moharrem, 268;
not in cave, 270;
letter from, 270;
cipher books in hands of, 273;
what he would find in _Abbas_, 275;
best horseman of desert, 282;
and Slatin Bey on best terms with, 283;
and Gordon’s seals, 285;
camp of, moved, 293;
closer to Omdurman, 294;
camp of, alongside Faki Mustapha, 295;
means to attack Omdurman, 295;
bringing up ammunition, 296;
prospect of getting to Mecca, 296;
worse than Zubair as to slave trade, 300;
number of men with, 303; does not mean to fight direct, 306;
and Firman of Towfik, 309;
first encounter with personal troops of, 317;
camp moved inland, 334;
may retire altogether, 334;
men sent by, towards Metemma, 346;
and Gordon’s fireworks, 356;
revelation of, 363;
caravan from Dongola to, 371;
Arabs of, going north, 375;
reported short of ammunition, 384;
set detachment of, opposite palace, 384;
offended with Gordon, 388;
reasons for the advancement of, 389;
return of, to Kordofan cut off, 391;
the present Imam, 399;
the Lord of All, 402;
lieutenants and slaves of, 404;
biography of, 457;
expedition sent to bring, to Kartoum, 459;
entrance of into Kordofan, 467;
defeat of, near Bara, 469;
proclamation issued by, 483;
position of, 494;
rumoured defeat of, 506;
Saleh Bey and the, 518;
despatches deciphered by, 520;
letter from, to Gordon, 522;
details contents of captured letters, telegrams, &c., 523;
and Cuzzi, 524;
manifesto of, to inhabitants of Kartoum, 539;
sign frommMahomed as being the, 540;
genealogy of, 545.

Mahmoud Khalifa and camels for English, 262;
a traitor, 262;
at Dongola or Debbeh, 262;
extraordinary to employ, 263.

Mahomed, the chosen one, 410.

Mahomed Khowajli, 420.

Mahomed Pasha Hassan, approves of the arrests, 195.

Mahomet Achmet accepted generally by Soudan families as Mahdi, 15;
proselytes of, 194, 262;
and taking of Omdurman Fort, 349;
letter from Ulema to, 429;
the Mahdi, 403, 439, 441.

_Mahomet Ali_, 35;
promise to capture by a sheikh, 105;
on Blue Nile, 214;
expected with grain, 229;
at Giraffe, 363.

Mahomet Ali Pasha, 56;
prisoners killed in defeat of, 167;
“fighting Pasha”, 253;
reason of his defeat, 254.

Mahomet Bey Agad, 154.

Mahomet Edrees, 188.

Mahomet el Khair a cur, 208;
and English troops, 428, 434.

Mahomet Yusuf, Arabic name of Cuzzi, 24, 402.

Malet, Sir Edward, held responsible for Soudan disasters, 21;
the Co. are Colvin and, 42;
the “Siren”, 61;
Vivian, and Colvin and desert ride, 362.

Malta and Gibraltar weak, 240.

Mamelukes, 325.

Man, pre-eminence of, over all creatures, 50;
future happiness of, in being finite intelligences, 51;
misery of, 51;
current value of, in the world, 91;
essence of treachery, 102.

Manifesto of Mahdi, 539.

Mankind, Gordon’s love of the study of, 100.

_Mansowrah_, action with Arabs, 94, 95;
to stay at Shendy, 206.

Manzal Hamid, Sheikh, 535.

Marabiyeh, moral effect of victory of, 492.

Mark cited, 179.

Marrying and giving in marriage, 243.

Martyrs, men of the present compared with the, 6.

Mason, Col., 54.

Massodaglia, men like, wanted, 209.

Massowah, Turks should land at, 136;
useless, except as port of Soudan, 242;
telegram from, 291.

Matthew cited, 179.

Mecca, Mahdi’s prospects of reaching, 296.

Medgliss, 142;
finds every one sent before it guilty, 155.

Melon, the great, 266.

Merchants, Gordon pretends to send, to Waled a Goun, 269;
robbers of biscuits, 314.

Merissa, 439.

Merowé, tales of troops at, 38;
as regards route of expeditionary force, 248, 249;
to Berber, best course, 257;
Stewart felt secure at, 285;
and arrival of English troops, 438.

Meshra-el-Dai, defeat of rebels at, 484.

Messenger, Arabs fire on, 403.

Messengers, only Gordon’s, to bring news, 91;
telegrams compared with, 92.

Metemma, attack on market of, 46;
steamers await orders at, 130;
post left for, 183;
steamers bombarding, 208;
Gordon would make, base for operations of Nile valley, 257;
caravan from direction of, 346;
Gordon’s mails captured in, 424;
Stewart passed, 443.

Military Journal and Slatin Bey, 519.

Mind relieved to write one’s bile, 340.

Mine exploded by donkey, 7, 13;
exploded, 247.

Ministers, Her Majesty’s, send no information, 92;
Gordon’s position with, 110.

“Minor Tactics”, 64.

Mirrors and Arabs, 222.

Mission, object of Gordon’s, 55;
of Gordon, 118.

Mitzakis, Greek Consul, letter from, 213, 214;
and letter to Greek Consul, 291;
arrival of, in Abyssinia, 516.

Mogrim, Krupp gun at, 316;
Gordon visits, 326;
Arabs fire on, 329;
Fort, the major killed at, 344;
shell practice from, 355.

Mohamed Bey Ibrahim and Gladstone collar, 202.

Mohammed Kerkasâwi, 531.

Mohammed Bey Zain, money taken by, 515.

Moharrem, Mahdi will not fight until after, 258;
and Saphia, Mahdi will not fight during, 268.

Mohi ed Deen Ibn el Arabi Sheikh, 542.

Moncrieff, Commander, death of, 501.

Momtoz Pasha and the building of the Palace, 377.

Money in specie and paper in Kartoum, 19th Oct., 206;
in Kartoum, 316.

Monopoly of Korosko desert given to Hussein Pasha Khalifa’s family,
165.

_Monsuhania_ reported disabled, 157.

Moon, total eclipse of, 194.

Moosa Mahomed, Mufti of Mejlis of Kartoum, 420.

Moslems, usual formula of salutation, 413;
as to dealing with brother, 415;
safety of, in Kartoum, 430;
and messengers, 433;
and capture of Government stores, 434.

Mouse at table, 188.

Mousra Bey, 166;
in charge of _Bordeen_ and _Ismailia_, 179;
made Mudir, 188.

Moussa Bey, 117.

Mudir, the old, released, 272.

Mudir of Dongola, 439.

Mudirat, no sentries at, 222.

Mushra el Koweh’, Mahdi says he is at, 529.

Muslims, toleration of, for Christian religion, 19;
self-sacrifice of, 19.

N.

Najoomi, the son of, 403, 429.

Napoleon at Jaffa, 179, 187.

National honour, 93.

Navy, advent of, looked for, 97.

Negro soldiers, cleanliness of, 17.

Nerves, constant explosions strain, 96.

Nesgel to Om Halfa, time to get from, 261.

Newspapers like gold, 289;
Gordon on contents of, 290.

Nile, right bank of, reported quiet, 15;
steamers, frailty of, 44;
the only way of access to Soudan, 52;
plan for utilising the, 52;
no difficulty in making flying bridges across, 87;
people removing from right bank, 229;
hot months and low Nile, 236;
valley, Metemma as a base for all operations in the, 257;
route the best, 262;
is cheaper, 262.

Nordenfeldts and the Arabs, 342.

Northbrook, Lord, 77;
the farce of, asking Towfik for assistance, 306.

North Fort, no sentry on, 265;
hate the telescope, 265;
sentries off roof again, 271;
no sentries at, 272;
reports from, 314.

North side like a market, 194.

Notes, expiration of six months for which, were issued, 224.

Notice published by Gordon, 552.

November, must be relieved or fall before the end of, 245.

Nubar Pasha, telegram from, to Gordon, 102.

Nuchranza, 178.

Nuehr Bey Angara, 146.

Nuns in Kartoum, 28;
said to have married Greeks, 28;
walked from Kordofan, 221.

Nutzer Bey, made Pasha, 109, 253;
should not be sent further than Dongola, 262;
Gordon’s order disobeyed by, 351, 354, 359.

Nzasi at Kartoum, 486.

O.

Obdallah en Noor, 432, 440.

Obeyed, two priests in, 312;
Mahdi brought ammunition from, 329.

Om Ali, Stewart at, 443.

Omar Bey, 444.

Om Ghirka, Stewart anchored opposite, 442.

Om Halfa to Gakdal, time to get from, 261.

Omdurman, forces at, 69;
Mahdi expected at, 158;
strength of men at, 173;
two hundred men sent to, 180;
levelled, 201;
meditated attack on by Arabs, 244;
and the taking of by Arabs, 294;
distance of Mahdi from, 295;
Mahdi intends to attack, 295;
fort, Arabs north of, 312;
fire and fusillade at, 315;
telegraph interrupted between, and Khartoum, 317;
over eager to fire on enemy, 317;
month and a half supply for, 322, 324;
communication by bugle, 328;
casualties at, 332;
fort, anxiety of Gordon for, 351, 355;
Arabs retiring near, 356, 362, 365, 367, 370, 371, 375, 381, 383;
attempt to relieve, 384;
number of wounded at, 384;
idea of landing at, given up, 384;
reported safe, 385, 387, 391;
fort of, Arab shelling of, 340, 342;
communication with, with flags, 345.

Oshman Ibn Aboo Bekr Digna, 435.

Osman Digna reported as writing to Berber, 14.

Ottoman Dominion, integrity of, guaranteed by the Powers, 221.

P.

Palace, prepared to clear out of the, 210;
Gordon’s arrangement for blowing up, 287;
bullets fall on, 330;
under fire, 369, 374, 375;
illustration of roof of, 377;
built by Momtoz Pasha, 377;
shelled by Arabs, 378, 381;
band on roof of, 383;
Arab fire on, 384;
pet detachment of Mahdi opposite the, 384;
fired on, 385;
building next to, struck, 386;
fired on, 387, 388, 392, 393.

Paper money, troops prefer, 343.

Parentage of Mahdi, 545.

Pashas, treachery of, cause of a defeat, 62;
death of Stewart, nemesis of the death of two, 282.

Patriotism, 340.

Paul, St., cited, 194.

Pauncefote, Sir Julian, letter from, to Roth, 548.

Pay of soldiers, 248.

Peace route and small forces, small stations along Nile best for, 262.

Peasant, Arab, a determined warrior, 90.

Penny steamers, 387.

People, fidelity of, gauged by Gordon, 171;
reasoning of, if Gordon left, 307.

Peter or Paul, SS., Stewart, Power, and Herbin compared to, 285.

Plot, 187.

‘Plutarch’s Lives’ as a handbook for officers, 64, 163, 240.

Policy being acted, detrimental to army, 304.

Porte must give permission in ceding Egyptian territory, 221.

Post-office officials and increase of pay, 281.

Potentates, Eastern, their strength lies in their seclusion, 33.

Potion, Gordon in favour of numbing, 179.

Powder hose instead of “matches” for mines, 5, 67.

Power left Kartoum for Dongola, 3;
and Herbin, Slatin says nothing of, 217;
on board the _Abbas_, 273;
left of their own free will, 274;
had daily Journal, 284;
as a martyr, 285; over-rashness of, 286;
no despatch written by Gordon concerning, 310;
a chivalrous, brave, honest gentleman, 310;
his telegrams in _Times_, 39.

Powers appealed to for auxiliary force, 338.

Prayers and the Arabs, 223.

Press, the province of the, 62.

Priests, two at Obeyed, 312.

Prisoners sent to the Arabs, September 10, 7.

Proclamation from Gordon to people of Kartoum, 425.

Prout, Colonel, 35.

Provisions, amount of, 328.

Psalms cited, 50, 60.

Psalmist and Gordon as to liars, 101.

Public officials and their personality, 233.

Q.

‘Queen’s Messenger,’ pleasure in reading the, 43.

R.

Rahad, Mahdi still at, September 10, 5.

_Rammer_, the, 216.

Rapid “retreat”, 236;
decisions in event of, 298.

“Rapport Militaire”, 217.

Ras Aloula, on defeat of, 290.

Rashid Bey, defeat of, at Jebel Gadir, 460;
appointed Governor of Kordofan, 464.

Rations, row as to troops’, 346, 347;
robbed by officers, 367, 368, 385.

Razagat, Slatin commanded against the, 454.

Rebellion, causes of, 458;
spread of the, 462.

Reconnoitring party feared, 311.

Redemption did not take place through our merits, 245.

Red Sea, Arabs captured dhows in, 299.

Regulars, number with the Mahdi, 177.

Reinforcements for Soudan, nine people, 252.

Renan, 144, 145, 392.

Rescued lamb, Gordon not the, 93, 118.

Resign, not insubordinate to, 234.

Revelation cited, 12.

Rice issued as pay to troops, 111.

Rockets, 302.

Roman Catholic Mission, garden of, 37;
with Mahdi, 129;
house of, set fire to, 132;
King John will drive out the, 219.

Roth, letter to Gordon from, 547;
from Pauncefote to, 548.

Rothchilds causing bother about finance question, 224.

Royal Navy, _Ismailia_ compared with, 319.

Ruckdi sent to reinforce, 252;
robbery by, discovered, 349.

Russia, kind of warfare to be used against, 90.

S.

Sakkeyer Arabs, meditate raid on, 192.

Sakkéyés, 443.

Salaries, reduction of, 245.

Salehh Lik, 423.

Saleh Pasha, a prisoner with the Mahdi, 30-31;
his son, 141;
message from, 160;
in chains, 215, 299.

Saleh Bey, of Gabalat, men from, 213, 214, 511;
attitude of, to Government, 513;
the four tribes who besieged it, 514.

Samuel, Book of, cited, 376.

Sanderson, 89.

Sandjak Saleh Bey, 455.

Santels, Arabs fired on, 244.

Saphia, Mahdi will not fight during, 268;
and Stewart, 442;
_Mansowrah,_ men on, 444.

Sarakhna camp, 504.

Scene in Desert, 168, 169.

Schatt, an inland town mentioned, 31;
Mahdi not at, 109.

Schiller, Gordon’s admiration for, 96.

Seid Gjoma and Slatin Bey trying to enter Omdurman, 520;
Mohamed Ebn Seid Abdullah, Slatin’s new name, 454.

Sekhedy, defeat of rebels at, 485.

Senheit, the only place King John could occupy, 219.

Sennaar, useless to send to, for dhoora, 106;
means of opening road to, 126;
despatch of force to, 137;
all right, 214;
expedition towards, 231, 236, 246;
party of Arabs at, 282;
and the relief of, 284;
and Kassala, and abandonment of, 297, 299;
evacuation and Zubair, 300;
still holding out, 392;
defeat of garrison, 461;
inhabitants of, for Gordon, 521.

Sepoys useless, 189.

Sept. 10, of losses up to, 283.

Serail and Turkey cock, 49.

Service of Mahdi gratuitous, 245.

Sevastopol and Kartoum, 390.

Seyd Mahomet Osman, his confidence in Gordon, 28;
little boy of, a hero, 88;
with English, 192;
and Abyssinian question, 214;
house of, pulled down by Arabs, 345.

Shaggyeh, the defection of, 30;
both sides despise the, 68;
family quarrels of, 78;
questions put to Gordon by, 94;
at Halfeyeh, 108;
troublesome again, 130;
trouble of the, 166;
worry of the, 185;
at North Fort, 185;
pulling down Goba and Hogali, 201;
want more dhoora, 208;
Bashi Bazouks and English chastisement, 241;
losses of the, 259;
Gordon laments the, 259;
to pay for the lost Remingtons, 266;
to be backed for cowardice, 267;
arrant braggadocios, 267;
problem what to do with, 314;
the absurdity of paying for the, 342;
desertion of, to Arabs, 347, 351;
for the Government, 442.

Shakir Effendi, 420.

Shareef Mahhmood, 428.

Sheikh el Emin Mahomed, 420;
el Islam, supposed present from Mahdi to, 187, 188;
threatened, 203;
Mahdi declares he will execute, 264;
release of, 272.

Sheikh el Obeyed, killed prisoners of Kartoum, 166;
quietude of forces of, 197;
the man and the city, 201, 246;
reported dead, 274;
dead, 291, 292, 293;
people of, dispersing, 293;
men of, and second blockade of Kartoum, 343.

Sheikh Hussein el Mahdi, 420.

Sheikh Ibrahim put in chains by Abou Gugliz, 174.

Shells, the reason they do not prove fatal, 183.

Shendy, road to, still open, 110;
steamers leave for, 111, 115;
steamers bombarding, 208;
steamers left for, 213;
reported looting of, by steamers, 246;
brought into subjection by steamers, 247;
Stewart escorted past, 280;
Arabs at, 359;
Stewart reached, 443.

Shendy-Metemma, chief strategical point of Soudan, 262.

Shepheard’s Hotel, prediction as to forces being at, 38.

Shereef Mohammed, 434, 439.

Shimei dusting David, 376.

Ships no good against land batteries, 204.

Shoboloha, endeavour by Arab chief to raise people of, 16;
no Arabs at, 358.

Shoboloha Pass and Stewart, 442.

Sikhs and Belochees, 189.

Simmons, General Sir Lintorn, 130.

Sinkat, defeat of rebels at, 499.

Sirdar, the, 163.

Skeleton, living, in hospital, dead, 264.

Slatin Bey, in Kordofan, 21;
ammunition and stores surrendered by, 23;
Arabic name of, Abdel Kadi, 24;
with Mahdi, 129;
and Elias Pasha with Mahdi, 170;
not with Faki Mustapha, 198;
not a Spartan, 200;
and his coming to stay with Gordon, 202;
men like, wanted, 209;
curious part of letter of, 217;
and paper from, 227;
reported to be in chains, 243;
good friends with Mahdi, 263;
a prisoner, 272;
surrender of, 283;
on best terms with Mahdi, 283;
in chains, 295, 298;
reported release from chains, 312;
in chains, 314, 391;
offers to join Gordon, 453;
letter from, 495, 519;
three years since, had news from family, 520.

Slave battalions, formation of, 465.

Slave circular, indignation at, 40, 54.

Slave Convention Treaty and Zubair, 380.

Slave-holding and abolition of, 135.

Slave-hunting by Mahdi and Zubair, 55.

Slave-trade cannot be helped, 137;
restoration of by Government, 235.

Slave traffic and Gordon, 425.

Slavery, Gordon on abolition of, 104;
Mahdi will end, in Soudan, 386.

Slaves made soldiers, 64;
and Lord Palmerston, 389;
trade in, to be stopped, 559.

Slippers, to strike with, a Moslem insult, 133.

Soldier, the place of a, the field, 64, 65;
their pay, 248.

Soudan, ex-Khedive’s view of governing, 52;
Nile only way of access to, 52;
garrisons only obstacle to abandonment of, 55;
artillery not needed in the, 83;
future of, cannot be hurried, 84;
heavy column no use in the, 89;
best solution of the difficulties in the, 124;
a useless country, 125;
must not be given to Egypt, 135;
for Turks, 136;
cannot be governed by men in Cairo, 139;
cost of holding, 143;
Gordon does not question Government policy as to, 150;
all soldiers in, know Gordon, 158;
no quarter given on either side in engagements, 232;
cruel to our conscripts to go up to, 233;
politically unwise, 233;
Egypt unable to govern, 235;
way out of the, not seen by Gordon, 235;
prediction as to the, 236;
useless to us, 238;
getting out of, 238;
nobler to keep, 240;
Shendy-Metemma chief strategical point of, 262;
private cost of, business to Gordon, 304;
emphatic statement of Gordon not to leave, 307;
Towfik’s Firman as to abandonment, 309;
no aid has come to, since defeat of Hicks, 348;
Gordon and the evacuation of, 353;
Towfik’s Firman as to, cancelled, 359;
legal authority over, only from Towfik, 372;
“Fiction” not held good in, 372;
and quiet of, 375;
Ismail Ayoub best administrator the, has had, 378;
“Fiction” as having nought to do with, 379;
Mahdi will be end of slavery, in 386;
and slavery, 389;
despatch of reinforcements for, 470;
organization of, 557;
boundaries of, 558.

Soudanese, and their property, _note_, 19;
not worth any great sacrifice, 51.

Spies, none from outsiders, 92;
of Seyd Mahomet Osman, captured and executed, 247;
liking to get more, 344, 403.

Spy, important, captured, 176.

Standard and telegrams, 308.

“Standing order”, absurd in Egypt, 160.

Stanley, letters received by Gordon from, 274.

Statement of troops, arms, ammunition, and grain in Kartoum, 206.

Steamer, trial trip of small, 178.

Steamers, Mr. Bond and, on the Nile, 54;
from Berber, 72;
Stewart’s left for Berber Sept. 11, 8;
expected at Berber, 22;
frailty of, 44;
value of, 97;
compared to Thames steamers, 107;
bad state of, 107, 108;
take two Journals, 111;
leave for Shendy, 115;
left for Berber, 121;
Gordon has nine, 60;
hopes by Gordon as to return of, 308;
fears for, 316;
Gordon unfortunate with, 324;
four at Berber, 351;
in sight, 358;
reported at Shoboloha, 382;
fire on Arabs at Omdurman, 384;
engaged, 387;
ordered to stay at Bourré, 391;
attack at Bourré, 393;
at Omdurman, 395.

Stewart, Col., left Kartoum for Dongola, 3;
his expedition passed Shendy, 34, 43;
and communication with Europe, 39;
Journal, fear as to non-publication of, 41;
mention of, 43;
capture by, with steamers, 43;
as witness of Gordon’s efforts, 56;
why Gordon did not escape with, 56;
steamers of, recapture steamers, 66;
and Hewitt’s mission, 76;
hard on men, 78;
receives note from Kitchener, 92;
charges troops with cowardice, 99;
sent up by Government, 124;
does not suspect Awaan, 133;
and Ibrahim Ruckdi, 167;
Gordon desires, to obtain information, 186;
mouse takes place of, at table, 188;
reported capture of, with _Abbas_, 193, 200;
and pay of Egyptian soldiers, 205;
death of, 214;
sent to reinforce, 252;
and the giving up of Berber, 263;
on board _Abbas,_ 273;
left of his own free will, 274;
what Gordon wrote for, concerning his going, 274;
great service done by, in leaving Kartoum, 280;
escorted pass dangerous places, 280;
captured below Abou Hamed, 280;
did not chew the cud, nor suspicious, 281;
Gordon’s account of the landing of, 281;
Mudir’s account of the landing of, 281;
his death ordained, 282;
Gordon wishes for examination into death of, 282;
amount of gold and papers with, 283;
wounded near the Palace, 284;
at lowest ebb when left, 284;
took both copies of Journal, 285;
a martyr, 285;
contempt of for Soudanese, 286;
should have escaped in boats, 286;
Gordon’s defence for letting go, 287;
Gordon declined to order, 287;
on the Government, 288;
questions written by before leaving, 289;
Gordon, and money, to secure Journal of, 305;
Gordon hopes for revenge for the death of, 308;
every document but one went with, 309;
no dispatch written by Gordon concerning, 310;
brave, just, upright gentleman, 310;
wrote full details of Hicks’s army and defeat, 344;
left three months, 389;
account of voyage of, 442;
spares some Arabs, 443;
sanguine of getting through, 444;
arrival of, at Kartoum, 471;
departure of, for Egypt, 487;
reported dead by Slatin Bey, 520;
Mahdi tells of capture of, 522.

Stokes, of Suez Canal, 43.

Stomach governs the world, 14, 184.

Stores, returns of, 383, 393, 395;
Mahdi tells Gordon of, in Kartoum, 523.

Suakin, reported arrival of English at, 14;
to Berber, route from, 225-227;
and Massowah useless if Mahdi holds Soudan, 242;
besiege of, miraculous, 294;
meaning of non-firing on, 296;
useless if Mahdi holds Soudan, 296;
spread of rebellion to, 499;
reinforcements sent to, 500.

Suleiman, reply to Gordon sent by, 402.

Suleiman Pasha, removal of, 494;
Wady Goun, steamer fell into hands of, 546.

Sultan, give over the country to the, 48, 49;
Gordon’s promises as to, 433;
Haroun and Slatin Bey, 453.

Sun, partial eclipse of, 194.

Suspicion, Stewart and Gordon compared with regard to, 281.

T.

_Talataween_ struck, 106;
in from Shendy, 205;
for Shendy, 206;
summary of reports brought by, 207.

Telegram, December, 1883, 311;
Gordon cannot decipher, 359, 360.

Telegrams, two sets of, sent off by spy, September 10, 3;
from Floyer, 92;
humility in, from Baring, 102;
from Nubar Pasha to Gordon, 102;
from Gordon to Baring, 103;
cannot decipher, from Lord Wolseley, 273;
Gordon captured all European, 284;
received in Soudan, 345;
Mahdi details contents of the captured, 523.

Telegraph forms used for Journal, 250.

Tel-el-Kebir, 60.

Thirst, Hicks’s army perished from, 344.

_Times’_ correspondent, charge against, 22;
Powers’ telegrams in, 39;
confusion in, as to the Wilsons, 61;
and execution of the Pashas, 62;
extract from, _note_, 86;
and Gordon’s Journals, 283;
to have first offer of Doctor’s Journal, 283.

Tokar, relief of, 146;
Mahdi gained confidence by victory of, 296.

Tongi, sent to reinforce, 252;
and Co., 272.

Towfik Pasha, 117, 118;
and Gordon not friends, 123;
wish law, 125;
and the Porte, 221;
Firman of, 285, 309;
farce of Northbrook asking, for assistance, 306;
telegram from, explained, 371;
Wolseley and Baring subordinate to, 371;
and authority over Soudan, 372;
expeditionary force, allies of, 373;
and death of Hicks, 348;
cancels his Firman, 359;
telegram to Ulemas from, 359;
Gordon publishes telegram of, 362;
telegram to Ulemas from, 364;
and appointment of Governor-General, 369.

_Towfikia_, fell on the Arabs, 30;
above Giraffe, 35;
up Blue Nile, 38, 41;
fighting against Arabs, 47;
at Giraffe, 67;
fight with Arabs, 79;
at Giraffe, 94;
attacked Arabs on White Nile, 121;
went up White Nile, 130;
up the White Nile, 153;
at Omdurman, 157;
up White Nile, 158;
to replace _Ismailia_, 170;
post left by, for Metemma, 183;
left for Metemma, 188.

Trafalgar, Mussulman year begins on anniversary of, 175.

Transport arrangements, trouble in, 259.

Treachery never succeeds, 6;
question of, weighed before sending _Abbas_, 280, 282.

Treasury Funds in, 117;
amount in, 253.

Treaty of Paris guarantees integrity of Ottoman dominion, 221.

Treaty Powers, who are the, 293.

Troops, impossible to keep, after January, 48;
determined as ever, 98.

Troy, siege of, Kartoum compared to, 224.

Turkey and Mecca, 299.

Turkey cock of the Palace, 184.

Turks, and the evacuation of Soudan, 37;
give the country to the, 86;
hand over Soudan to, 135;
or Zubair, 135, 136, 138.

Turk solution, Hobson’s choice, 242.

Turkish Government, 418;
soldiers, uncleanliness of, 17.

Turks and Government of Soudan, 235;
expensive, 239;
Suakin and Massowah, nothing to the, 242;
and keeping of Soudan, 363;
and the taking over of the Soudan, 363.

Tuti, runaways of, wish to come back, 5;
Isle of, 337;
troops, sent to, 339;
breast works at, bother to Arabs, 350;
Arabs want to attack, 354;
Arabs at, 357.

U.

Ulema of Kartoum, 423.

Ulemas protest to Arab chiefs, 16;
Gordon’s interview with, 18;
letter to Mahdi, 22;
visit of, to Gordon, 167;
reply to Towfik, 364.

United Service Club, 88.

Uriah the Hittite and David and Gordon, 305.

V.

“Venuses”, Black, 42.

Victoria Cross, reasons for giving, 64;
a mistake generally, 64.

W.

Wadji Barra, letter from, to Gordon, 388;
the cause of letter being written, 389.

Wady Abou Gir, water might be found along, 261.

Wady Halfa railway, 54;
route to, a picnic party, 104;
return of troops to, 137;
estimated time by Gordon for troops to reach, 225;
question as to _Abbas_ reaching, 287.

Waled a Goun, force with, according to Cuzzi, 8;
captured soldier came in from, 15;
letter from, 20;
letter from Gordon to, 95;
brings a Krupp out, 63;
and black troops, 129;
meditates coming over to Dem, 161;
and Sheikh el Obeyed, 178;
family at Gitana, 208, 224, 229, 246;
pretends to send merchants to, 269;
men of, passing to Mahdi, 375.

Waled Mocashee, caught with Gordon’s letters, 29.

War, the cause of the, 418;
estimate of expenses of, 492.

Water to be found along Wadi Abou Gir, 261;
found at Kambok, 261.

Wellington, 64;
and Collingwood, Dispatches of, 175.

Wells from Ambukol to Metemma well supplied, 261.

White flag, Arabs fire on, 3;
Arab use and abuse of, 3;
respected by Arabs, 14.

White Nile, Arabs retiring towards, 47;
Arab ferry across the, 225;
operation on, 230;
end of lines the weakest part, 303;
Arab gun on left bank of, 345;
reconnaisance up, 488.

Wilfrid Lawson, Sir, 60.

Wilson of Anatolia, 43.

Wilson, Sir Charles, 61.

Wilson, R. E., 61.

Wilson, Rivers, 61.

Wolseley and Wellington, 64.

Wolseley, Lord, 113, 117;
instructions conveyed to, 124, 175;
and Gordon, 238;
the recall of, and the _Times_, _note_, 263;
cannot decipher telegram from, 273;
and relief of Kartoum, 304;
without Firman from Towfik, 368;
will settle Soudan question, 371;
and Firman, 371;
subordinate to Towfik, 371;
Mitzakis concerning, 517;
and Kitchener, 546.

Wood, 163;
to take, from isolated spots, 280.

Wood’s army to be done away with, 139.

Y.

Yakoobat, 423.

Yussuf Pasha, defeat of, 464.

Z.

Zubair Pasha, 37;
and saving of Berber, 46, 56;
reasons for non-employment of, 46;
argument for installing, 49;
refusal of, to come up, 58;
to establish, 86;
Gordon will keep Equator from, 87, 173, 238;
expense of, 239;
as Governor-General, 300;
Mahdi “ten times” worse than, as to slave trade, 300;
people would never rise against, 300;
and fall of Berber, 301;
Gordon wishes for, 308;
and Soudan, 364;
steamer named after, 333;
launched, 364;
at Kartoum as private individual, 379, 380;
to be governor of Soudan, 557.

LONDON:

PRINTED BY WILLIAM CLOWES AND SONS, LIMITED,

STAMFORD STREET AND CHARING CROSS.

MAP
to illustrate
GENERAL GORDON’S
JOURNALS

_E. Weller lith._

_London; Kegan Paul, Trench & Co._]
]

FOOTNOTES:

[1] Hill’s ‘Colonel Gordon in Central Africa,’ p. 373.

[2] See Appendix.

[3] From _Pall Mall Gazette_ extra, “Too Late,” No. 14.

[4] _Egypt_, No. 9, Encl. 3, 43.

[5] General Gordon had been incorrectly informed by his spies about Abdel Kader, who had not left Cairo.

[6] This department must not be confounded with the one associated with the Quartermaster-General at the War Office.

[7] The military, civilians, Ulemas, inhabitants and settlers in Kartoum telegraphed on August 19th to the Khedive as follows: “Weakened and reduced to extremities, God in His mercy sent Gordon Pasha to us in the midst of our calamities of the siege, and we should all have perished of hunger and been destroyed. But we, sustained by his intelligence and great military skill, have been preserved in Kartoum until now.”—_Egypt, No. 35_, _p._ 112; see also _Appendix AB_.—ED.

[8] In this passage we have an example of the old and perfect fairness with which General Gordon dealt with others. Before allowing Mustapha Faki, the neutral, to join his ranks and aid him against the Mahdi, he must first himself be satisfied that such a step would not endanger Faki Mustapha’s life. Success or failure was still doubtful. This, of course, he could not tell Mustapha, but would it be right and just to use him while such a doubt existed? Gordon was of opinion that it would not, and thus he bade Mustapha wait events, and do for him that only which involved no risks.—ED.

[9] Tuti is an island at the junction of the White and Blue Nile.—ED.

[10] Near El Obeyed and about 200 miles from Kartoum.—ED.

[11] _Vide_ Sir Henry Gordon’s Prefatory Note.—ED.

[12] A small town eight miles north of Kartoum.—ED.

[13] Berber is about 200 miles from Kartoum.—ED.

[14] English Consular Agent at Berber. According to M. Herbin’s telegram from Kartoum received by M. Barrère on 22nd September, 1884, Cuzzi had gone to Kordofan, but whether free or as a prisoner was not stated.—_Egypt, No.35_ (1884), _No.142._—ED.

[15] Duem is a town on the White Nile about 100 miles from Kartoum.—ED.

[16] A cereal very much resembling Indian corn.—ED.

[17] The Sheikh el Obeyed declared for the Mahdi in March 1884.

[18] At first sight there might seem something of a contradiction in these sentiments, but, when weighed, they will be found consistent and sound. They convey an idea which was constantly at work in General Gordon’s mind, and this to the effect that man should make every effort towards the attainment of perfection, and then, and not till then, leave the issue to God; that he should, in fact, draw on all earthly resources—as the instrument of God—and that, these exhausted, he should then look to Heaven for aid not to be drawn from earth.—ED.

[19] “Behold, therefore I am against thee, and against thy rivers, and I will make the land of Egypt utterly waste and desolate, from the tower of Syene even unto the border of Ethiopia.

“No foot of man shall pass through it, nor foot of beast shall pass through it, neither shall it be inhabited forty years.

“And I will make the land of Egypt desolate in the midst of the countries that are desolate, and her cities among the cities that are laid waste shall be desolate forty years; and I will scatter the Egyptians among the nations, and will disperse them through the countries.”

“Yet thus saith the Lord God; at the end of forty years will I gather the Egyptians from the people whither they were scattered:

“And I will bring again the captivity of Egypt, and will cause them to return into the land of Pathros, into the land of their habitation; and they shall be there a base kingdom.”—ED.

[20] Appendix A and A 1.

[21] Appendix B.

[22] “Go, and with ghouls and afrits rave.”—_The Giaour._

[23] These words may be taken literally. Such was Gordon’s power and influence in 1879, when he resigned the Governor-Generalship of the Soudan.—ED.

[24] “And Pharaoh said unto Joseph, I am Pharaoh, and without thee shall no man lift up his hand or foot in all the land of Egypt.”—ED.

[25] “Everything one does is known, and the only regret is that I am a Christian. Yet they would be the first to despise me if I recanted and became a Mussulman.”—_Extract from General Gordon’s Letter, dated Kassala, December 7th, 1877._—ED.

[26] “I have upset so many vested interests, that the only people I can count on are the Ulemas, to whom I gave back all their ancient privileges, which had been taken away from them by Ismail Pasha Yacoub.”—_Extract from General Gordon’s letter dated Kartoum, May 4th, 1877._—ED.

[27] “If fighting occurs, it is the Soudanese conservative of their property fighting the Soudanese communists, who desire to rob them.”—_Extract from General Gordon’s Memorandum received by Sir E. Baring, February 4th, 1884.—Egypt, No. 12._—ED.

[28] “We have, thank God, passed our dangers. Whether they were imaginary or not I do not know, but we were threatened by an attack from thousands of determined blacks, who knew I was here. Now very few Englishmen know what it is to be with troops they have not a bit of confidence in. I prayed heartily for an issue, but it gave me a pain in the heart like that I had when surrounded at Masindi. I do not fear death, but I fear, from want of faith, the results of my death—for the whole country would have risen.”—_Extract from General Gordon’s letter dated Toashia, July 11th, 1877._ ED.

[29] Appendix C.

[30] Appendix C 1.

[31] Lupton Bey was Governor of the Bahr el Gazelle.

[32] According to a telegram from M. Herbin to M. Barrère, Slatin Bey, formerly Governor of Darfour, had by this time joined the Mahdi, and by him had been placed in command of the Kordofan cavalry, which force was supposed to represent the most formidable contingent of the Mahdi’s army.—ED.

[33] Appendix D.

[34] Dollars.

[35] An ardeb is equal to five bushels.

[36] THE NAMES OF MISSION AT OBEYED.

_Prétres à Kordofan._
1. Don Luigi Bonorni, _Superior_.
2. Don Guiseppe Ohrwalder.
3. Don Paulo Nusignoli.
4. Fra Isodoro Locatelli.
5. Fra Guiseppe Regusto.

_Sœurs._
1. Teresa Grigolini, _Superioress_.
2. Fortunata Corce.
3. Catarina Chincherini.
4. Cometta Corsi.
5. Elizabetta Venturini.
6. Maria Caprini.

[37] Kings of Egypt.—ED.

[38] The commander of a company.—ED.

[39] “Surviving Soudanese declared that the two Pashas in command charged back into their own square; the soldiers, recognising them, opened their ranks to let them through; and into the gap thus made the rebel cavalry followed. The treachery, doubtless pre-arranged, was complete in its success, but retribution was close at hand. When the battle was over these two traitors, Said and Hassan, came into Gordon’s tent, and the General offered them drink. They refused; Gordon’s secretary, divining the reason, drank first, and the Pashas, who had suspected poison, followed suit. During the remainder of that day they lay hidden in their homes, for the soldiers were crying aloud for vengeance, and would have murdered them at once had they appeared in the streets. The next day they were tried by court-martial, and found guilty of communication with the enemy and of having treacherously murdered their own men. In the house of Hassan a great store of rifles and ammunition was discovered; and it was proved that both he and his colleague had stolen the two months’ pay given to the troops on account of six months’ arrears. They had also taken into the field with them seventy rounds of cannon ammunition, instead of eight, the usual number, so that the rebels’ guns might be well supplied for future attacks on Kartoum. The trial was long and patient, but the verdict was apparent from the beginning. Hassan and Said were found guilty, and on the same evening, amid expressions of universal delight, they were shot by the men they had betrayed.”—_The Story of Chinese Gordon_, _pp._ 92-3, v. ii.—ED.

[40] _i.e._ Natives from Halfeyeh report.—ED.

[41] Those for, and those against the Mahdi.—ED.

[42] “I strongly suspect that he (the Mahdi) is a mere puppet put forward by Elyas, Zubair’s father-in-law, and the largest slave-owner in Obeyed, and that he has assumed a religious title to give colour to the defence of the popular rights.”—_General Gordon’s view as expressed to the Editor of “Pall Mall Gazette” on Jan. 8, 1884._—ED.

[43] A woman.—ED.

[44] Shendy is ninety-five miles from Kartoum.—ED.

[45] Colonel Prout was appointed by General Gordon to the command of the Equatorial Provinces at the date of the latter’s resignation in the autumn of 1876.—ED.

[46] “The eye that mocketh at his father and despiseth to obey his mother, the ravens of the valley shall pick it out, and the young eagles shall eat it.”—Prov. xxx. 17.

[47] Zubair is the correct spelling. It must not be forgotten that Zubair is of very high family, being a direct descendant of the “Abbassides.”—ED.

[48] Appendix E.

[49] Lord Wolseley and staff left Cairo for Wady Halfa ten days after Gordon wrote those words.—ED.

[50] Lord Granville on May 17, 1884, instructed Mr. Egerton to communicate the following message from Her Majesty’s Government to General Gordon:—

“Having regard to the time which has elapsed, Her Majesty’s Government desire to add to their communication of the 23rd April as follows:—As the original plan for the evacuation of the Soudan has been dropped, and as aggressive operations cannot be undertaken with the countenance of Her Majesty’s Government, General Gordon is enjoined to consider and either to report upon, or, if feasible, to adopt, at the first proper moment, measures for his own removal and for that of the Egyptians at Kartoum who have suffered for him or who have served him faithfully, including their wives and children, by whatever route he may consider best, having especial regard to his own safety and that of the other British subjects.

“With regard to the Egyptians above referred to, General Gordon is authorised to make free use of money rewards or promises at his discretion. For example, he is at liberty to assign to Egyptian soldiers at Kartoum sums for themselves and for persons brought with them per head, contingent on their safe arrival at Korosko, or whatever point he may consider a place of safety; or he may employ and pay the tribes in the neighbourhood to escort them. Her Majesty’s Government presume that the Soudanese at Kartoum are not in danger. In the event of General Gordon having dispatched any persons or agents to other points, he is authorised to spend any money required for the purpose of recalling them or securing their safety.”—_Egypt, 22, 1884, No. 22._—ED.

[51] Appendix E.

[52] _i.e._ The telegram given on page 39.—ED.

[53] See _ante_, note on page 39.—ED.

[54] “The danger to be feared is not that the Mahdi will march northward through Wady Halfa; on the contrary, it is very improbable that he will ever go so far north. The danger is altogether of a different nature. It arises from the influence which the spectacle of a conquering Mahommedan Power, established close to your frontiers, will exercise upon the population which you govern. In all the cities in Egypt it will be felt that what the Mahdi has done they may do; and, as he has driven out the intruder and the infidel, they may do the same. Nor is it only England that has to face this danger. The success of the Mahdi has already excited dangerous fermentation in Arabia and Syria. Placards have been posted in Damascus calling upon the population to rise and drive out the Turks. If the whole of the Eastern Soudan is surrendered to the Mahdi, the Arab tribes on both sides the Red Sea will take fire. In self-defence the Turks are bound to do something to cope with so formidable a danger, for it is quite possible that if nothing is done the whole of the Eastern Question may be reopened by the triumph of the Mahdi.”—_General Gordon’s views, as expressed to the Editor of the “Pall Mall Gazette._”—ED.

[55] A town nearly opposite to Shendy, on the left bank of the Nile.—ED.

[56] An old hot-bed of slavery on the White Nile.—ED.

[57] “Ismail, the ex-Khedive, fully considered that to maintain his hold of the Soudan, he must improve his communications with it and Egypt proper. Unfortunately, in his wish to bring the Soudan trade down the Nile through Egypt proper, he was led to abandon its natural outlet by the route from Berber to Suakin, across the 280-mile desert, and determined to make a railway through the desert along the Nile past the Cataracts from Wady Halfa to Hanneck, a distance of 180 miles. Contracts were made, and some £450,000 were spent on the line; but financial difficulties arose, and in 1877 it came to a standstill some fifty or sixty kilometres south of Wady Halfa. It was evident that on this grand scale the continuation of the line could not be hoped for, so I studied the question. There was the line made from Wady Halfa for say fifty miles; and therefore 130 miles remained to be got over before this barrier of desert was passed. By the researches of Colonel Mason and Mr. Gooding, and also by my own personal examination, the river for this 130 miles was shown to be not continuously encumbered by rocks. There were, as it were, long strips of open, water between the ridges of rocks,—one of these strips was forty miles in length. Now steamers built in England had in full flood been hauled up every one of these ridges, and had thus been brought to Kartoum and had plied to Gondokoro. My idea was to bring up small steamers during high Nile, place them on all the open strips of water of any reasonable extent; and thus work them from ridge to ridge in these open spaces. I proposed further to have only one crew, and to ship them from steamer to steamer so as to save expense. At those places where the ridge was of any great length, I proposed to use tramways to get over the space between the debarking landing-place of one open water-way to the embarking wharf of the other open water-way. Thus, by using the water-way where open, and tramways where the river was encumbered, I should get over these 130 miles. I calculated that the cost of all this work, steamers, and tramways, &c., would be £70,000, while the railway, if carried, would have cost over a million and a half. However, the revolts, troubles of different kinds, and other things, prevented this being carried out, and the controllers would not take it up; so, after an expense of nearly half-a-million, the railway exists with its end _en l’air_, with its valuable stores perishing, while Egypt proper has no more hold over the Soudan than was had by Ancient Egypt.”—_See “Colonel Gordon in Central Africa,” p. 315._—ED.

[58] “On the 18th Feb., the day General Gordon arrived at Kartoum, he recommended in the strongest manner that Zubair should be sent up, and gave his reasons in detail.”—_Egypt, No. 12, 1884. Enclosure in No. 114._

“On March 9, Sir Evelyn Baring recommended that Zubair should go up, such a recommendation being in harmony with the policy of evacuation.”—_Egypt, No. 12, 1884, in 115 & 222._—ED.

[59] This cannot be traced—ED.

[60] Egypt, 1884, Nos. 201-56. See also Egypt, 1884, Nos. 35-166.

[61] Appendix F.

[62] About 180 miles from Kartoum.—ED.

[63] Appendix G.

[64] Appendix E.

[65] Between forty and fifty miles west of Duem.—ED.

[66] A pass about midway between Shendy and Halfeyeh.—ED.

[67] “_London, 12th._—Debates on Egypt, House of Commons, subject Egypt. Gladstone declined communicate Northbrook’s instructions. Declared Anglo-French accord dead letter.

“_13th._—Financiers—German, Austrian, Russian—attack England’s attitude. Conference considered must lead coalition against England. Fitzmaurice stated British Government not prepared change advice given Egypt withdraw from Kartoum.

“_13th._—Parliament closed till 15th September. Message hopes mission Northbrook suggest useful counsels. England will continue to fulfil public duties imposed upon her by events in Egypt.

“_17th August._—The 88th, 46th, and 56th regiments, with expedition of 19th Hussars and corps of Mounted Infantry, go to Halfa.

“_London, 19th._—General Erle commands expedition Halfa. Buller chief of staff.”

“DEAR GENERAL GORDON,

“I send you the above as the last public news we have heard. I have been appointed Inspector General of the Soudan Telegraph, but at present I can’t get beyond Debba to inspect them, as Mr. Hudai has captured the Merowi telegraph office, and the Sirdar will not let us advance. I am ordered back to Halfa, and am leaving by boat this morning. With kind regards to Colonel Stewart,

“Yours sincerely,
“E. A. FLOYER.”

“Debba, 22nd August, 1884.”

[68]

“DEAR STEWART,

“Can I do anything for you or General Gordon? I should be awfully glad if you will let me know. The relief expedition is evidently coming up this way, but whether they will go by Berber or attempt the direct road from here I do not know. The Mahdi is in a bad way; he has abandoned Parfur, and has no reinforcements to send to Kartoum and Sennaar, which are asked for.

“Yours always,
“H. H. KITCHENER.”

[69] Appendices K and L.

[70] Appendix M.

[71]

“DEAR GENERAL GORDON,

“Mr. Egerton has asked me to send you the following:—August 30th. Tell Gordon steamers are being passed over second cataracts, and that we wish to be informed through Dongola exactly when he expects to be in difficulties as to provisions and ammunition.” Message ends, “Lord Wolseley is coming out to command. The 35th Regiment is now being sent from Halfa to Dongola. Sir E. Wood is at Halfa. General Earle, Dormer, Buller, and Freemantle are coming up Nile with troops. I think an expedition will be sent across from here to Kartoum, while another goes with steamer to Berber. A few words about what you wish done would be very acceptable.”

“Yours,
“H. H. KITCHENER, R.E.

“Debbeh, August 31st.”

[72]

“Cairo, August 20th, 10.30 P.M.

“TO GENERAL GORDON,

“445737—905309—185115—417291—552676—792996—271381—511906—689363—945242—226739—648255—102037—626054—535222—672318—277535—134971—467430—203151—804960—483289—681510.”

The following was written on the back of this cipher telegram:—

“Your letters of 13/7/84 and 20/7/84 have been received, and their contents telegraphed on. The last news here is the 35th Regiment has been ordered to advance from Halfa to Dongola at once. General Earle commands expedition, Buller C. of S., Dormer and Freemantle brigades. All coming up. Lord Wolseley leaves London directly to take over supreme command. All well here. Mudir working well. No danger. Sir E. Wood is at Halfa sending on troops.

“H. H. KITCHENER.

“Debbeh, 29th August, 1884.”

[73] Telegram Mudir of Dongola, saying Cairo Government had shown pressing benevolence for him to evacuate and thus _rivet_ the “_tombstone_” over Kartoum.—ED.

[74] The two black Pashas condemned to death by court-martial for treachery on March 20th.

[75] _I.e._, the future of the Soudan.—ED.

[76] _I.e._, 4th Cataract.—ED.

[77] _I.e._, p. 52.—ED.

[78] “In Colonel Coetlogon’s opinion the rebels will retire south on the approach of the British, and await events. General Gordon would certainly refuse to go unless the population and garrison were guaranteed safe departure. The population and garrisons of Kartoum and Sennaar amount to about 40,000 to 50,000 souls, and it would take two years to remove them. As the places become evacuated the rebels would enter and become hostile in front and in the rear.”—_Times, 13 Sept., 1884._—ED.

[79] General Gordon proposed to the Government to give to the King of the Belgians the Bahr Gazelle and Equatorial provinces, and from the first time he suggested the appointment of Zubair, he had determined to defend those provinces from all slave raids.—ED.

[80] The Gabra wells are about thirty miles to the north-west of Kartoum.—ED.

[81] United Service Club.—ED.

[82] The blanks are General Gordon’s.—ED.

[83] The following extract from Herodotus is pasted on the opposite side of page in the original journal:—“The spies having seen everything returned home; and when they reported all they had passed, Cambyses marched against the Ethiopians without making any provision for the subsistence of his army, or once considering that he was going to carry his arms to the remotest parts of the world; but as a madman and not in possession of his senses, as soon as he heard the reports of the Icthyophagi he set out on his march ... but before the army had passed over a fifth part of the way all the provisions were exhausted, and after the provisions the beasts of burden were eaten. Now if Cambyses had then led back his army he would have proved himself a wise man. He, however, went on; but afterwards none, except the Ammonians, and those who have heard their reports, are able to give account of them; for they neither reached the Ammonians or returned back, but the report was that heaps of sand covered them over and they disappeared.” General Gordon has written against this extract:—“Hicks’ army disappeared. This expedition was made into these lands.”—ED.

[84] General Gordon was under the impression that Colonel Chermside was at Debbeh, whereas he was, in fact, at Suakin.—ED.

[85] The primary object of the expedition up the Valley of the Nile is to bring away General Gordon and Colonel Stewart from Kartoum. When that object has been secured no further offensive operations of any kind are to be undertaken.—_Egypt, No. 35, 1884; No. 157._—ED.

[86] Upper part of Nubian Desert.—ED.

[87] From British agent and Nubar Pasha to General Gordon, sent 5th May from Suakin; reached 29th of July.—ED.