Chapter X: The Final Conflict (8)

Turner, Thomas, sale to M.'s father, =1=, 55.

Turner _vs._ Fendall, =3=, 18.

Turreau, Louis M., on secession threats, =4=, 25 _n._

Twelfth Amendment, origin, =2=, 533 _n._

Tyler, Comfort, in Burr conspiracy, =3=, 324, 361, 489, 491;
indicted for treason, 466 _n._

Tyler, John [1], in Ratification Convention: Vice-President, =1=, 432;
in the debate, 440;
and amendments, 473, 474;
on Judiciary, =3=, 28;
on speculation, 557 _n._;
on M. and neutral trade controversy, =4=, 25;
appointment as District Judge, Jefferson's activity, 103-06;
Livingston _vs._ Jefferson, 111-13.

Tyler, John [2], on Bank of the United States, =4=, 289;
and American Colonization Society, 474, 476 _n._;
tribute to M., 476 _n._;
in Virginia Constitutional Convention, 484.

_Unicorn_ incident, =2=, 103-06.

Union, M.'s early training in idea, =1=, 9;
lack of popular appreciation, 285.
_See also_ Confederation; Continental Congress; Federal
Constitution; Government; Nationalism; Nullification;
State Rights; Secession.

_United States Oracle of the Day_, on Paterson's charge, =3=, 30 _n._

United States _vs._ Fisher, =3=, 162.

United States _vs._ Hopkins, =3=, 130 _n._

United States _vs._ Hudson, =3=, 28 _n._

United States _vs._ Lawrence, =3=, 129 _n._

United States _vs._ Palmer, =4=, 126, 127.

United States _vs._ Peters, =3=, 129 _n._, =4=, 18-21.

United States _vs._ Ravara, =3=, 129 _n._

United States _vs._ Schooner Peggy, =3=, 17, 273 _n._

United States _vs._ Worral, =3=, 28 _n._

Upper Mississippi Company, Yazoo land purchase, =3=, 550.
_See also_ Yazoo.

Upshur, Abel P., and American Colonization Society, =4=, 474;
in Virginia Constitutional Convention, 484, 502 _n._

Valentine, Edward V., on M., =4=, 67 _n._

Valley Forge, army at, =1=, 110-17, 131, 132;
M.'s cheerful influence, 117-20, 132;
discipline, 120.

Van Buren, Martin, on revolutionary action of Framers, =1=, 323 _n._;
on Supreme Court, =4=, 380, 452;
as Jackson's adviser, 532 _n._

Van Horne's Lessee _vs._ Dorrance, =3=, 612.

Van Ingen, James, and Livingston steamboat monopoly, suits,
=4=, 405-09.

Varnum, James M., on army at Valley Forge, =1=, 115.

Varnum, Joseph B., and attempt to suspend habeas corpus (1807),
=3=, 348.

Vassalborough, Me., and Ratification, =1=, 341.

_Venus_ case, M.'s dissent, =4=, 128, 129.

Vermont, and Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions, =3=, 105 _n._, 106;
steamboat monopoly, =4=, 415.

Vestries in colonial Virginia, =1=, 52.

Veto of State laws, Madison on necessity of Federal, =1=, 312.
_See also_ Declaring acts void.

Villette, Madame de, as agent in X. Y. Z. Mission, =2=, 290;
M.'s farewell to, 333.

Virginia, state of colonial society, =1=, 19-28;
character and influence of frontiersmen, 28-31;
as birthplace of statesmen, 32;
colonial roads, 36 _n._;
vestries, 52;
Convention (1775), 65, 66;
preparation for the Revolution, 69-74;
battle of Great Bridge, 74-78;
Norfolk, 78;
Jefferson's services during the Revolution, 128;
M. in Council of State, 209-12;
political machine, 210, =2=, 56 _n._, =4=, 146, 174, 485-88;
suffrage and representation under first Constitution, =1=, 217 _n._;
religious state and controversy, 220-22;
and British debts, 223-31;
hardships of travel, 259-62;
classes, 277, 278;
houses and food, 280, 281;
drinking, 281-83;
paper money, 296;
prosperity during Confederation, 306;
tariff, 310;
attack on Constitution of 1776 (1789), =2=, 56 _n._;
and assumption of State debts, 62-69;
hostility to new government (1790), 68 _n._;
and Whiskey Insurrection, 88-90;
_Unicorn_ privateer incident, 103-06;
election on neutrality issue (1794), 106;
and Jay Treaty, 120, 126, 129;
Richmond meeting on Jay Treaty, 149-55;
Marshall's campaign for Congress (1798), 374-80, 401, 409-16;
election methods and scenes, 413-15;
survey for internal improvements (1812), =4=, 42-45;
M. anticipates split, 571.
_See also_ following titles; and Bank of Virginia;
Cohens _vs._ Virginia; House of Burgesses;
Legislature; Martin _vs._ Hunter's Lessee;
Ratification.

Virginia Constitutional Convention (1829-30),
M. and election to, =4=, 467;
need, Jefferson and demand, 468, 469;
suffrage problem, M.'s conservatism on in, 469-71;
prominent members, 484;
petition on suffrage, 484;
M.'s report on Judiciary, 484, 485;
existing oligarchic system, 485-88;
extent of demand for judicial reform, 488;
M. as reactionary in, 488, 507, 508;
M.'s standing, 489;
debate on Judiciary, 489-501;
debate on suffrage, 501-07;
justification of conservatism, 508.

Virginia Resolutions, M. foretells, =2=, 394;
framing and adoption, 399;
Madison's address of the majority, 400, 411;
M.'s address of the minority, 402-06;
military measure to uphold, 406, 408;
Henry on, 411;
consideration in Massachusetts, =3=, 43;
Dana on, 45;
as Republican gospel, 105-08;
resolutions of Federalist States on, 105 _n._, 106 _n._;
Madison's later explanation, 557;
as continued creed of Virginia, 576, 577.
_See also_ State Rights.

Virginia Yazoo Company, =3=, 553 _n._
_See also_ Yazoo.

Visit and search, by British vessels, =2=, 229.
_See also_ Impressment; Neutral trade.

Wadsworth, Peleg, and M. (1796), =2=, 198.

Wait, Thomas B., on Ratification in Pennsylvania, =1=, 331 _n._, 342.

Waite, Morrison R., on Dartmouth College case, =4=, 280.

Waldo, Albigence, on army at Valley Forge, =1=, 112-14, 124;
on prisoners of war, 115.

Walker, David, on Bank of the United States, =4=, 289.

Walker, Freeman, on Missouri question, =4=, 341.

War. _See_ Army; Militia; Navy; Preparedness; and wars by name.

War of 1812, M.'s opposition, =4=, 1, 35-41;
bibliography, 8 _n._;
demanded by second generation of statesmen, 28, 29;
declaration, 29;
causes, 29 _n._, 52-55;
opposition of Federalists, 30, 45, 46, 48;
and M.'s candidacy for President, 31-34;
dependence on European war, 50, 51;
Hartford Convention, 51;
direct and indirect results, 56-58;
finances, 177, 179.

Warden, John, offends Virginia House, =1=, 215.

Ware _vs._ Hylton, M.'s connection and arguments, =2=, 186-92.

Warrington, James, and Yazoo lands, =3=, 566 _n._

Warville, Jean P. Brissot de, on tobacco culture, =1=, 20 _n._;
on drinking, 282 _n._

Washington, Bushrod, on Madison in Ratification Convention, =1=, 395;
and Jay Treaty, =2=, 121;
and M. (1798), 375;
appointment to Supreme Court, 378, 379;
appearance, =4=, 131, 249;
and Martin _vs._ Hunter's Lessee, 156;
and Dartmouth College case, 255;
and M.'s reply to attack on M'Culloch _vs._ Maryland, 318;
opinion in Green _vs._ Biddle, 380;
opinion in Ogden _vs._ Saunders, 481 _n._;
death, 581.
_See also_ Biography.

Washington, George,
_pre-presidential years_:
in Braddock's march and defeat, =1=, 2-5;
reported slain, 5;
and M.'s father, 7, 46;
landed estate, 20 _n._;
as statesman, 32;
early reading, 46 _n._;
influence of Lord Fairfax, 50;
on frontier discomforts, 53 _n._, 54 _n._;
in Virginia Convention (1775), 66;
on military preparedness, 69;
on state of the army, 80-83, 86, 92, 131, 132;
on militia, 83-86, 100;
smallpox, 87 _n._;
Brandywine campaign, 92-98;
campaign before Philadelphia, 98-102;
as sole dependence of the Revolution (1778), 101, 121, 124;
Germantown, 102-04;
besought to apostatize, 105, 130, 131;
final movements before Philadelphia, 105-07;
fears at Valley Forge, 114;
discipline, 120;
intrigue against, 121-23;
plea for a better Continental Congress, 124-26, 131;
distrust of effect of French alliance, 134;
Monmouth, 134-38;
and Stony Point, 139;
and light infantry, 139 _n._;
and military smartness, 140 _n._;
and Mary Cary, 150 _n._;
and purchase of land from M.'s father, 167;
employs M.'s legal services, 196;
on post-Revolutionary Assembly, 206;
and relief for Thomas Paine, 213;
and internal improvements, 217;
hot-tempered Nationalism during Confederation, 342;
loses faith in democracy, 252;
on unreliability of newspapers, 268;
on drinking, 282 _n._, 283;
on chimney-corner patriots, 286;
on debased specie, 297;
despair (1786), 301, 307;
on requisitions, 305;
on responsibility of States for failure of Confederation, 308,
309;
on influence in Virginia of previous ratifications, 356;
and Randolph's attitude on Ratification, 362, 377 _n._, 382 _n._;
on campaign for Anti-Constitutionalist delegates, 366, 367;
on opposition of leaders in State politics, 366 _n._;
on detailed debate in Virginia Convention, 370 _n._;
influence on Ratification Convention, 476;
on the contest in Virginia, 478;
and opposition after Ratification, 248;
as distiller, =2=, 86 _n._;
on West and Union, =3=, 282 _n._

_As President and after_:
hardships of travel, =1=, 255, 259;
influence of French Revolution, =2=, 3;
and beginning of French Revolution, 10;
and Genêt, 28;
and imprisonment of Lafayette, 33;
on democratic clubs, 38, 88, 89;
Virginia address (1789), 57;
on Virginia's opposition (1790), 68 _n._;
opposes partisanship, 76;
and antagonism in Cabinet, 82;
and Whiskey Insurrection, 87, 89;
and neutrality, 92;
on attacks, 93 _n._, 164;
and attacks on M.'s character, 102, 103;
and British crisis (1794), 112;
attacks on, over Jay Treaty, 116-18;
J. Q. Adams on policy, 119 _n._;
on attacks on treaty, 120;
M. refuses Cabinet offices, 122, 123, 147;
M. advises on Cabinet positions, 124-26, 132;
virtual censure by Virginia Legislature, 137-40;
offers French mission to M., 144-46;
and support of Jay Treaty, 149, 150;
final Republican abuse, 158, 162-64;
address of Virginia Legislature (1796), 159-62;
and M.'s appointment to X. Y. Z. Mission, 216;
Monroe's attack, 222;
M.'s letters during X. Y. Z. mission, 229, 233-44, 267-72, 320-23;
on hopes for X. Y. Z. Mission, 244;
on X. Y. Z. dispatches and French partisans, 340, 359, 360;
Federalist toast to (1798), 349 _n._;
accepts command of army, 357;
does not anticipate land war, 357;
on Gerry, 365;
persuades M. to run for Congress (1798), 374-78;
Langhorne letter, 375 _n._;
and M.'s election, 416;
and M.'s apology for statement by supporters, 416, 417;
death, M.'s announcement in Congress, 440-43;
House resolutions, authorship of "first in war" designation,
443-45;
and slavery petitions, 450 _n._;
temperament contrasted with Adams's, 487 _n._;
Jefferson's Mazzei letter on, 537 _n._;
Weems's biography, =3=, 231 _n._;
and French War, 258 _n._;
M.'s biography on Administration, 263-65;
and Yazoo lands, 569.
_See also_ Biography.

Washington, D.C., Morris's land speculation, =2=, 205 _n._;
condition when first occupied, 494 _n._;
aspect (1801), =3=, 1-4;
lack of progress, 4-6;
malaria, 6;
absence of churches, 6;
boarding-houses, 7;
population, 9;
drinking, 9;
factions, 10;
Webster on, =4=, 86.
_See also_ District of Columbia.

_Washington Federalist_, on Hamilton's attack on Adams, =2=, 528;
campaign virulence, 530 _n._;
eulogism of Adams, 532 _n._;
M.'s reputed influence over, 532 _n._, 541, 547 _n._;
and Jefferson-Burr contest, 534 _n._, 540;
on Hay's attack on M., 543 _n._;
on Republican armed threat, 544 _n._, 545 _n._;
sentiment after Jefferson's election, 547 _n._;
on Judiciary debate (1802), and secession, =3=, 72;
on Bayard's speech on Judiciary, 82;
on Randolph's speech, 87 _n._;
on repeal of Judiciary Act, 92, 93;
on Burr's farewell address, 274 _n._

Washington's birthday, celebration abandoned (1804), =3=, 210 _n._;
Burr's toast, 280.

Washita lands, Burr's plan to settle, =3=, 292 _n._, 303, 310, 312,
313, 314 _n._, 319, 324 _n._, 361 _n._, 362, 461, 462, 523,
527;

Water travel, hardships, =1=, 259, =3=, 55 _n._
_See also_ Steamboat.

Watkins, John, and Burr, =3=, 295;
and Wilkinson and Adair, 337 _n._

Watson, Elkanah, on army at Valley Forge, =1=, 111 _n._;
on hardships of travel, 263 _n._;
on Virginia social conditions, 277 _n._;
on dissipation, 283 _n._

Wayne, Anthony, discipline, =1=, 88;
in Brandywine campaign, 93, 95, 96;
in Philadelphia campaign, 100;
Germantown, 102;
Monmouth campaign, 135;
Stony Point, 139-41;
and supplies, 139 _n._;
on military smartness, 139 _n._

Wayne, C. P., negotiations to publish M.'s biography, =3=, 225-27;
agreement, 227, 228;
and political situation, 230;
solicitation of subscriptions, 230, 235;
and M.'s delays and prolixity, 235, 236, 239, 241;
and financial problem, 236, 250;
payment of royalty, 247, 248, 251;
and revised edition, 272.

Wayne, James M., appointment to Supreme Court, =4=, 584.

Webb, Foster, and Tabby Eppes, =1=, 182.

Webster, Daniel, on Yazoo claims, =3=, 602;
opposes new Western States, =4=, 28 _n._;
and War of 1812, 48;
opposes conscription, 51 _n._, 52 _n._;
on M., 59 _n._;
on Washington, 86;
as practitioner before M., 95, 135;
on bank debate, 180;
counsel in Dartmouth College case, 233, 234, 260, 273;
and story of Indian students, 233 _n._;
on the trial, 237, 240 _n._, 250 _n._, 253 _n._, 254 _n._, 261 _n._,
273, 274;
argument in case, 240-52;
tribute to Dartmouth, 248-50;
fee and portrait, 255 _n._;
and success in case, 273;
counsel in M'Culloch _vs._ Maryland, appearance, 284;
argument, 285;
on the case, 288;
debt to M. in reply to Hayne, 293 _n._, 552-55;
counsel in Cohens _vs._ Virginia, 357;
in and on debate on Supreme Court, 379, 380, 395, 395 _n._,
452 _n._;
counsel in Osborn _vs._ Bank, 385;
resolution on regulating power to declare State acts void, 396, 451;
counsel in Gibbons _vs._ Ogden, 413, 424;
argument, 424-27;
fanciful story on it, 424 _n._;
overlooks M.'s earlier decision on question, 427-29;
and American Colonization Society, 474;
and recharter of the Bank, 530;
on Nullification, M.'s commendation, 572.

Webster, Ezekiel, on War of 1812, =4=, 46 _n._

Webster, Noah, on Jacobin enthusiasm, =2=, 35 _n._;
on license of the press, 530;
and biography of Washington, =3=, 225 _n._

Weems, Mason L., biography of Washington, =3=, 225 _n._, 231 _n._;
character, 231;
career, 231 _n._;
soliciting agent for M.'s biography of Washington, 231-34, 252;
his orders for books, 252 _n._, 253 _n._

Weld, Isaac, on hardships of travel, =1=, 250;
on William and Mary, 272;
on lack of comforts, 274;
on drinking, 281;
on passion for military titles, 328 _n._;
on attacks on Washington, =2=, 117 _n._

Wentworth, John, charter for Dartmouth College, =4=, 224.

West, and attitude toward Union, Spanish intrigue, =3=, 282-85, 297,
299, 554;
Burr turns to, 286;
M. on internal improvements and (1812), =4=, 43-45;
War of 1812 and migration, 57;
_See also_ Burr conspiracy; Frontier; Yazoo lands.

West Florida, expected war with Spain over, =3=, 284, 285, 295, 301,
306, 312, 383 _n._

West Virginia, M. anticipates formation, =4=, 571.

Western claims, Georgia claim and cession, =3=, 553, 569, 570, 573.

Western Reserve, cession, =2=, 446;
Granger's connection, =3=, 578.

Westmoreland County, Vs., slave population (1790), =1=, 21 _n._

Wharton, Colonel, and Swartwout and Bollmann, =3=, 344.

Wheaton, Joseph, and Burr, =3=, 304 _n._

Wheelock, Eleazer, and origin of Dartmouth College, =4=, 223-26;
and Bellamy, 227.

Wheelock, John, President of Dartmouth College, =4=, 226;
in Revolution, 226 _n._;
troubles and removal, 227, 228;
reëlected under State reorganization, 232.

Whiskey Insurrection, opposition to Federal excise, =2=, 86, 87;
outbreak, 87;
democratic societies and, 88, 89;
M. and, 89, 90;
Jefferson's support, 90;
political effect, 91.

Whitaker, Nathaniel, and Dartmouth College, =4=, 223.

White, Abraham, in Ratification Convention, =1=, 345.

White, Samuel, and Pickering impeachment, =3=, 167, 168 _n._

White House, in 1801, =3=, 2.

Whitehill, Robert, in Ratification Convention, =1=, 329.

Whitney, Eli, cotton gin, =3=, 555.

Whittington _vs._ Polk, =3=, 612.

Wickham, John, as lawyer, =1=, 173;
mock argument with M., =2=, 184;
Ware _vs._ Hylton, 188;
and Chase impeachment, =3=, 176;
Burr's counsel, at preliminary hearing, 373, 379, 407;
Burr and M. at dinner with, 394-97;
on motion to commit Burr for treason, 416, 418, 424;
and subpoena to Jefferson, 435;
on preliminary proof of overt act, 485;
on overt act, 491-94;
counsel in Hunter _vs._ Fairfax's Devisee, =4=, 151;
practitioner before M., 237 _n._

Wickliffe, Charles A., bill on Supreme Court, =4=, 380.

Widgery, William, in Ratification Convention, =1=, 344, 345, 350.

Wilkins, William, and Burr, =3=, 311 _n._

Wilkinson, James, Conway Cabal, =1=, 121-23;
as Spanish agent, =3=, 283, 284, 316, 320 _n._, 337 _n._;
and Burr's plans, proposes Mexican invasion, 290, 294, 297, 460;
and rumors of disunion plans, 297;
plans to abandon Burr, 298, 300 _n._, 320;
at Louisiana frontier, expected to bring on war, 302, 308, 314;
Burr's cipher letter, 307-09, 614, 615;
letters to Adair and Smith, 314;
and Swartwout, 320, 354 _n._, 465;
revelation to Jefferson, 321-23, 433, 518-22;
ordered to New Orleans, 324;
pretended terror, 328;
appeal for money to Viceroy, 329;
and to Jefferson, 330;
reign of terror in New Orleans, 330-37;
sends Jefferson a version of Burr's letter, 334;
Jefferson's message on it, 339, 341;
affidavit and version of Burr's letter in Swartwout case, 341,
352-56;
House debate on conduct, 358-60;
and Burr in Mississippi, denounced there, 364, 365;
attendance awaited at trial of Burr, 383, 393, 415, 416, 429, 431,
432, 440;
arrival and conduct, 456, 457;
Jackson denounces, 457;
before grand jury, barely escapes indictment, 463, 464;
swallows Swartwout's insult, 471;
fear, Jefferson bolsters, 472, 477;
attachment against, 473-75;
and _Chesapeake-Leopard_ affair, 476;
personal effect of testimony, 523;
Daveiss's pamphlet on, 525.

William and Mary College, M. at, =1=, 154;
conditions during period of M.'s attendance, 155-58, 272;
Phi Beta Kappa, 158;
debating, 159;
fees from surveys, 179 _n._

Williams, ----, counsel for Bollmann, =3=, 453.

Williams, Isaac, trial and pardon, =2=, 495, =3=, 26.

Williams, Robert, in debate on repeal of Judiciary Act, =3=, 73.

Williamsburg, and frontier minute men, =1=, 75;
"Palace," 163 _n._

Williamson, ----, loyalist, mobbed, =1=, 214.

Williamson, Charles, and Burr, =3=, 288, 289.

Wills, of M.'s putative great-grandfather, =1=, 483, 484;
of M.'s grandfather, 485;
M.'s, =4=, 525 _n._

Wilson, James, and Ratification in Pennsylvania, =1=, 329, 332;
and in Virginia, 401;
and common-law jurisdiction, =3=, 24-26;
and British precedents, 28 _n._;
on declaring acts void, 115 _n._, 117;
and Yazoo lands, 548, 555;
in Federal Convention, on obligation of contracts, 558 _n._

Wilson _vs._ Mason, =3=, 17 _n._

Wine, M. as judge, =4=, 79.
_See also_ Drinking.

Wirt, William, on William and Mary, =1=, 156 _n._;
on frontiersmen, 236 _n._;
on M.'s appearance, =2=, 168, 169;
on M. as lawyer, 192, 193, 195, 196;
on social contrasts (1803), =3=, 13;
_Letters of a British Spy_, 13 _n._;
in Callender trial, 38-40, 190, 203;
prosecutes Burr, 407;
dissipation, 407 _n._;
on motion to commit Burr for treason, 417;
on subpoena to Jefferson, 438, 439;
on preliminary proof of overt act, 485;
on overt act, 495-97, 616-18;
on M. at trial, 517, 521;
in trial for misdemeanor, 522;
on M.'s personality, =4=, 91 _n._;
as practitioner before M., 95, 135 _n._;
on long arguments, 95 _n._;
on Pinkney, 131 _n._, 134 _n._;
counsel in Dartmouth College case, 239, 253;
and Kent, 256 _n._;
counsel in M'Culloch _vs._ Maryland, 284;
and in Cohens _vs._ Virginia, 357;
on importance of Supreme Court, 369 _n._;
on Oakley, 424;
counsel in Gibbons _vs._ Ogden, 424, 427;
and in Brown _vs._ Maryland, 455;
and in Cherokee Nation _vs._ Georgia, 541, 544, 547;
and in Worcester _vs._ Georgia, 549.

Wolcott, Alexander, and Justiceship, =4=, 110.

Wolcott, Oliver [1], on Giles, =2=, 84 _n._

Wolcott, Oliver [2],
on support of new government (1791), =2=, 61 _n._, 148;
on French Revolution, 92;
on M. and new French mission, 433;
on M.'s reply to Adams's address (1799), 434;
on M.'s position in Congress, 436, 437;
underhand opposition to Adams, 488 _n._, 493, 517 _n._;
_Aurora_ on, 491;
on M. as Secretary of State, 492, 493;
on Federalist defeat in M.'s district, 515;
on Republican influence over Adams, 518;
and Hamilton's attack on Adams, 527 _n._;
and M. and Jefferson-Burr contest, 536;
banquet to, 548;
on enlargement of Federal Judiciary, 548;
appointment as Circuit Judge, 559, 560;
on Washington (1800), =3=, 4, 8, 8 _n._;
on Jefferson and popularity, 19 _n._;
on M.'s biography of Washington, 233.

Women, education in colonial Virginia, =1=, 18 _n._, 24 _n._;
M.'s attitude, 198, =4=, 71, 72.

Wood, John, attacks on Federalists, =2=, 379, 409;
book suppressed by Burr, 380 _n._;
character, =3=, 316 _n._

Woodbridge, Dudley, testimony in Burr trial, =3=, 489.

Woodbury, Levi, hears Dartmouth College case, =4=, 234.

Woodford, William, battle of Great Bridge, =1=, 76;
in battle of Germantown, 103.

Woodward, William H., and Dartmouth College case, =4=, 233, 239 _n._,
273.

Woodworth, John, opinion on Livingston steamboat monopoly, =4=, 449.

Worcester, Samuel A., arrest by Georgia, =4=, 547;
pardoned, 552 _n._
_See also_ Cherokee Indians.

Worcester, Mass., and Ratification, =1=, 341.

Worcester _vs._ Georgia. _See_ Cherokee Indians.

Workman, James, and Burr, =3=, 295;
and Wilkinson's reign of terror, 335.

Wright, John C., counsel in Osborn _vs._ Bank, =4=, 385.

Wright, Robert, at Chase trial, =3=, 183 _n._;
on Yazoo claims, 600.

Wylly, Thomas, and Yazoo lands act, =3=, 546, 547.

Wythe, George, M. attends law lectures, =1=, 154;
as professor, 157;
as judge, 173;
candidacy for Ratification Convention, 359;
in the Convention: Chairman, 368;
appearance, 373;
and recommendatory amendments, 469;
and Judiciary Act of, 1789, =3=, 129;
Commonwealth _vs._ Caton, 611.

X. Y. Z. Mission,
M.'s financial reason for accepting, =2=, 211-13, 371-73;
_Aurora_ on M.'s appointment, 218, 219;
M. in Philadelphia awaiting voyage, 214-18;
Adams on M.'s fitness, 218;
M.'s outward voyage, 219-21, 229;
as turning point in M.'s career, 221;
task, 221;
French depredations on neutral trade, 223-25;
Pinckney not received as Minister, 224;
Adams's address to Congress, French demand for withdrawal, 225, 226,
255, 262, 316;
wisdom of appointment, 226;
selection of envoys, Gerry, 226-29;
envoys at The Hague, Gerry's delay, 230, 231;
influence of 18th Fructidor, 244;
Washington on expectations, 244;
journey to Paris, 245;
M.'s pessimistic view of prospects, 246;
venality of French Government, 247-49;
and victims of French depredations, 249;
Talleyrand's opinion of United States, 250;
Talleyrand's position and need of money, 251;
Gerry's arrival, 251;
Talleyrand's informal reception, meeting visualized, 251, 253;
Talleyrand's measure of the envoys, 252;
Talleyrand and King's conciliatory letter, 252, 253;
Church's hint, 254;
Paine's interference, 254;
American instructions, 255;
origin of name, 256, 339;
depredations continue, protests of envoys, 257, 258, 270, 271-277,
283, 284, 310, 313, 331;
Gerry's opposition to action, 258;
Federalist opinions of Gerry, 258 _n._, 295, 296, 363-65;
first unofficial agent's proposal of loan and bribe, 259-61;
division of envoys on unofficial negotiations and bribe, 260, 261,
264, 314-17;
second unofficial agent, 261;
other French demands, 262;
further urging of loan and bribe, 263, 265-67, 273-76, 291, 313,
314, 315, 317, 318;
proposed return for instructions, 265;
and British-American and British-French relations, 271, 283, 295,
312, 321, 322;
and treaty of Campo Formio, 271-73;
third unofficial agent, 276;
intrigue and private conferences with Gerry, 276-78, 287, 294, 295,
310, 311, 313, 333;
intimidation, 278, 311;
threat of overthrowing Federalists, 278-81, 283, 286, 311;
decision against further unofficial negotiations, 281;
threat to asperse envoys in United States, 281, 312, 318-20, 327;
division on addressing Talleyrand directly, 282;
newspaper calumny, 282, 331;
Talleyrand's refusal to receive envoys, 284;
female agent to work on Pinckney, 290;
attempt to use debt to Beaumarchais, 292-94;
desire of M. and Pinckney to terminate, demand for passports, 296,
309, 310, 314, 326, 327, 331, 332;
preparation of American memorial, 296, 297;
its importance, 297;
its contents, 297-309;
necessity of American neutrality, 298-301;
review of Genêt's conduct, 301-03;
free ships, free goods, and Jay Treaty, 303-05;
defense of Jay Treaty, 305-08;
memorial ignored, 310;
French plan to retain Gerry, 312, 315, 317, 320, 323, 324, 326, 331;
meetings with Talleyrand, 315, 317;
dissension, 316, 328;
M.'s assertion of purely American attitude, 319;
M. on loan as ultimatum, 321;
Talleyrand's reply to memorial, 323-26;
complaint against American newspaper attacks, 324;
insult to M. and Pinckney, 325, 332;
American rejoinder, 326, 328-31;
Gerry stays, 327, 328, 333, 363;
reply on complaint about newspapers, 329-31;
departure of M. and Pinckney, 332;
M.'s farewell to friends, 333;
Pinckney on Gerry and M., 333, 365;
conditions in United States during, 335;
French reports in United States, 335;
arrival of first dispatches, Adams's warning to Congress, 336;
Republican demand for dispatches, 336-38;
effect of publication, war spirit, Republican about face, 338-43,
363;
M.'s return and reception, 343-55;
Jefferson's call on M., 346, 347;
origin of "millions for defense" slogan, 348;
M.'s addresses on, 350, 352, 353, 571-73;
Adams's statement of policy, 351;
effect on Federalist Party, 355-57, 361;
Jefferson's attempt to undo effect, 359-61, 368;
effect of dispatches in Europe, 363;
Talleyrand's demand on Gerry for the X. Y. Z. names, 364, 366;
M.'s fear of Gerry's stay, 365;
Adams and M.'s journal, 366;
Gerry's defense, M. and question of rejoinder, 367-69;
Giles's sneer and Bayard's answer (1802), =3=, 77, 80.

Yates, Joseph C., on Livingston steamboat monopoly, =4=, 406.

Yazoo lands,
Rutledge on (1802), =3=, 88;
and Chase impeachment, 174;
sale act (1795), graft, 546-50;
provisions, 550, 551;
popular denunciation of act, 551, 559-62;
and Indian titles, 552, 569, 570, 592;
earlier grant, 554;
character of second companies, 554;
and invention of cotton gin, 555, 556;
matter before first congresses, 560, 569, 570;
repeal of grant, theatricalism, 562-66;
Hamilton's opinion on validity of titles, 562, 563;
resale, "innocent purchasers" and property rights, 566, 578-80, 586,
588-90, 598;
National interest, pamphlets, 570-72;
and cession of Georgia's Western claim, 574;
report of Federal Commission, 574;
claim before Congress, Randolph's opposition, 574-83, 595-602;
memorial of New England Mississippi Company, 576;
popular support of Randolph, 581;
obstacles to judicial inquiry, 583;
friendly suit, Fletcher _vs._ Peck before Circuit Court, 583, 584;
case before Supreme Court, first hearing, 585;
question of collusion, Johnson's separate opinion, 585, 592, 601;
second hearing, 585;
M.'s opinion, 586-91;
legality of grant, effect of corruption, 587, 598, 599;
unconstitutionality of repeal, impairment of obligation of
contracts, 590, 591;
attitude of Administration, 592;
importance of opinion, 593-95, 602;
congressional denunciation of opinion, 595-601;
popular support of denunciation, 599;
local influences on settlement, 601;
settlement, 602.

York, Me., and Ratification, =1=, 341.

Young, Daniel, and disestablishment in New Hampshire, =4=, 230 _n._

Zubly, John J., denounced by Chase, =3=, 185 _n._

* * * * *

Transcriber's Notes:

1. Passages in italics are surrounded by _underscores_.

2. Within index the bold numbers from original are enclosed within =equals= sign indicating the volume for that particular index entry.

3. Obvious errors in spelling and punctuation have been corrected.

4. Footnotes have been renumbered and moved from the page end to the end of their respective chapters.

5. Images have been moved from the middle of a paragraph to the closest paragraph break.

6. Certain words use an oe ligature in the original.

7. Carat character (^) followed by a single letter or a set of letters in curly brackets is indicative of subscript in the original book.