Chapter X: Part 10

Coddington, Governor William, writes to Winthrop about Morton, 85.

Cod-fish, 221;
markets for, 222;
superiority of New England, _ib._

Cod-liver oil, 222.

Coins, old, found at Richmond Island, 218, _n._

Coke, Sir Edward, on proclamations, 26, 35.

Colchos, 292.

Commissions, system of, in favor at court of Charles I., 57.

Conies, 204, 210, 211.

Common Prayer: Book of, treatment of in Massachusetts, 69;
trouble occasioned by in Scotland, 82;
Morton’s use of, cause of his persecution, 92, 260, 283;
reference to in _New Canaan_, 93, 169;
an idol, 332, _n._

Connecticut, Blue Laws of, 252, _n._

Copper, 220.

Cormorants, 226.

_Cos_, 124, 217.

Cottington, Lord, 60.

Cotton, John, 98.

Council for New England: efforts of to settle the Massachusetts, 2;
grant to Robert Gorges, 3;
secures proclamation about sale of fire-arms to Indians, 20;
gives patent to Company of Massachusetts Bay, 31;
quarrel of with Massachusetts Company, 33;
unequal to the emergency in 1634, 59;
plan for dividing territory of, 59;
divides New England, 70;
surrender of patent by, 72;
records of quoted, 130, _n._, 196, _n._;
issues patent to Walter Bagnall, 219, _n._

Court: held at Salem, 306;
at Boston, to try Morton, 311.

Cradock, Governor Matthew, 298, _n._;
before Privy Council, 51, 56;
“an imposterous knave,” 62;
default of in _quo warranto_ proceedings, 75;
on Morton, 77;
Master Charterparty 304, _n._, 316, 317.

Cranes, 192.

Cromwell, Oliver, 83.

Crows, 195.

Crow-blackbirds, 198.

Cupid, 278.

Cypress-trees, 185.

Cynthius, 345.

D.

Dagon, 32, _n._

Davis, Captain John, 104, 118, _n._

Deaconess, 323.

Deacons, 322.

Deane, Charles: cited, 30, 56;
accuracy of, 56.

_Decameron_, 94.

De Costa, B. F.: quoted, 92-4;
referred to, 100.

Deer: skins of, 135, 142-3, 202;
killed by Indians, 162;
followed by scent, 166;
kinds of, 200-2;
preyed on by wolves, 204, 208;
and luzerans, 206.

Deer-traps, 202.

Deer Island, 155, _n._, 204, _n._

Delilah, 281.

Demas, part of, 302, _n._

Demophoön, 273.

Dermer, Captain Thomas: redeems captives, 131, _n._;
quoted concerning pestilence of 1616, 133, _n._

Devil, the: estimation of among Indians, 139, _n._, 150, _n._,
165, 167;
rules the Powows, 178.

Dexter, Rev. H. M., 244, _n._

Diogenes, 178;
tub of, 286.

Dodge, General, cited, 169, _n._, 174, _n._

“Doe, the barren,” 94, 264-6, 272-7.

Dog-fish, 223, _n._

_Don Quixote_, 94, 272, 286.

Dorchester, Lord, 53.

Dorset, Earl of, 60.

Dover, N. H., Hiltons at, 30.

Downing, Emanuel: before Privy Council, 51;
account of, 52;
instructed to find evidence against Morton, 88;
on humming-bird, 198, _n._

Drails, 223.

Drunkenness, Indian tendency to, 174.

Ducks: kinds of, 190;
preyed on by luzeran, 206, _n._

Dudley, Governor Thomas, 43, 80, 90;
cited, 4, 46.

Duxbury, 84.

E.

Eacus, 288, 293, 294, 309.

Eager, Pastor Master. (_See_ Skelton.)

East Indies, 239.

Edmunds, Sir Thomas, 60.

Eels, 224.

Egypt, 240.

Elder-tree, the, 186.

Elders of church, 313, 322.

Elephants, their supposed religion, 141, _n._

Elias house, 310.

Eliot, Dr. John, 326, _n._

Eliot, John, quoted, 124, 129, _n._

Elk, 200, _n._

Ellis, Rev. Dr. G. E., quoted, 145, _n._

Elm, the, 183.

_En animia_, 123.

Endicott, John: arrival of, at Salem, 31;
visits Mt. Wollaston, 32;
occupies the Gorges grant, 34;
his instructions, 38, 40, 45;
meets “old planters,” 39, 306;
attempts to reärrest Morton, 43;
derided by Morton, 45;
mutilates royal standard, 66;
issues warrant to arrest Morton, 86;
governor, 88;
libelled in _New Canaan_, 88, 304;
called Littleworth, 220, 298-9, 304, 306, 308, 318;
Morton’s animosity to, 220, _n._;
cured of a wife, 298, _n._;
sends settlers to Charlestown, 300, _n._;
at Salem, 303-7;
and the charter case, 305;
fraud imputed to, 308;
punishes Ratcliff, 316;
second marriage of, 330, _n._

Epictetus, 312, _n._

Episcopalians: take up Morton’s cause, 92;
in early Massachusetts, 95, 218, _n._

Erocoise, lake of, 78, 234-7, 240, 241. (_See_ Champlain.)

Esculapius, 278.

Executions. (_See_ Hanging.)

Exercising in church, by lay members, 262, _n._, 322-30.

F.

Faircloath, Innocence (_See_ Ratcliff.)

Fairfax, Lord, 83.

Falcons and falconry, 6, 196.

Falkland, Lord, 83.

Falstaff, 278, _n._

Faustus, Dr., 319.

Fire-arms: supplied to Indians, 20, 95;
trade in forbidden, 21;
in hands of Indians in 1628, 25.

Firing the country. (_See_ Burning.)

Fish, poisonous in the tropics, 116, _n._;
kinds of in New England, 221-8.

Fisheries, vessels engaged in, 221.

Fitcher: a partner of Wollaston, 4;
left in charge at Mt. Wollaston and expelled by Morton, 13.

Finch, Sir John, 35.

Flora, patroness of May-day, 19, 281.

Flounders, 226.

Flowers in New England, 228.

Footmen, running, 329.

Force’s _Tracts_, 99.

Foxes, 206-8.

Fox-skins, value of, 205, _n._, 207, _n._

Franchise, the, in Massachusetts, 331, _n._

Freeles, 227.

French authority, on Indians’ senses, 166.

Frenchmen, captured, among Indians, 131, _n._

“Froth, Nick and,” 328, _n._

Fuller, Dr. Samuel: dies of pestilence, 133, _n._;
supposed to be alluded to as Eacus, 288, 291, _n._, 309;
note on, 297;
at Salem, 298.

Furmety, 163, _n._; 296.

Furs: profit of trade in, 22, 32;
regulation of trade in, 39;
Indian use of, 141-4;
prices of, 205, _n._, 207, _n._, 209. (_See_ Beaver, Deer, Bear.)

G.

Galena, found in Woburn, 219, _n._

Ganymede, 279.

Gardiner, Sir Christopher: before Privy Council, 50, 86;
his prefatory verses to _New English Canaan_, 112;
on descent of Indians, 128;
intercedes for Ratcliff, 320;
note on, 338;
adventures of, 338-42;
sonnet by, 341.

Geese: descriptions of, 189-90;
preyed on by luzeran, 206, _n._

Gellius, Aulus, quoted, 312, _n._

Gentry, created and degraded by Winthrop, 313.

Gerard’s _Herbal_, referred to, 185.

Ghent, 236.

Gibbons, Major Edward, 90-1.

_Gifte_, the, 44, 289.

Gloucester, Morton at, 86.

Golgotha, a new-found, 133.

Goodman, John: adventure of, with a wolf, 208, _n._;
hears lions roar, 214, _n._

Gookin, Daniel, quoted, 160, 174.

Gorges, Sir Ferdinando, 2, 3, 36, 47, 95;
procures issues of proclamation on fire-arms, 21;
his curiosity as to New England, 32;
Morton ingratiates himself with, 36;
in correspondence with Morton, 41, 47;
intrigues against Massachusetts, 49;
failure in, 53;
works through Court influences, 54;
renews complaints against Massachusetts, 56;
shapes Laud’s policy to New England, 58;
his plan, 58;
to be governor-general, 59;
his influence with Lords Commissioners, 60;
represents “thorough” in New England, 60, 74;
thought to be on the New England coast in 1635, 66;
his plans in 1635, 67;
circumvents Winslow, 68;
grantee of Maine from Council for New England, 71;
appointed by King, governor-general, 71;
failure of, caused by want of money, 72;
age of, 75, _n._;
death of Mason fatal to plans of, 76;
publication of _New Canaan_ not agreeable to, 80;
pretends to be friendly to Massachusetts, 80;
“casheers” Morton, 80;
grants charter to Acomenticus, 81;
career of, 119, _n._;
eulogized, 189;
Sir C. Gardiner, an agent of, 338, _n._

Gorges, John: succeeds to R. Gorges’s grant, 33;
deeds land to Brereton and Oldham, 34, 40.

Gorges, Lord, 71.

Gorges, Captain Robert, 2, 33, 143, 162;
arrives in Boston Bay, 3;
extent of his grant, 3;
returns to England, 4;
validity of grant to, denied, 34;
arrests Weston, 257, _n._

Goshawks, 197.

Gover, Anna, 298.

Grant, John, 62.

Grapes in New England, 186.

Gray, Professor Asa, 182, 188.

Greek, supposed resemblance of Indian words to, 123, 126.

Greene, Charles, 99-101.

Greene, Richard, in charge of Wessagusset settlement, 7.

Greenland, excessive cold of, 118.

Grouse in New England, 194, _n._

H.

“Habbe or nabbe,” 335.

Hacche, Roger atte, 300, _n._

Hake, 226.

Hale, Robert, 319, _n._

Halibut, 225.

_Hame_, 124.

Hamilton, Marquis of, 70.

Hampden, John, 83.

_Handmaid_, the, Morton’s voyage in, 45, 342-5.

Hanging: the Weymouth, 217, 249-52;
early in Massachusetts, 217, _n._;
in Virginia, 342.

Hannibal, 263.

Hares, 204.

Harris, Rev. Thaddeus Mason, 101, _n._

Harvard University: Library bulletin referred to, 99-100;
students at, whipped, 319, _n._

Hawks and falcons in New England, 195-7.

“Hawk and buzzard,” 336.

Hawthorn-trees, 186.

Heath-hen, 194, _n._

Hebrew tribes, 310;
origin of Indians traced to, 129, _n._

Hedgehogs, 211.

Hemlock-trees, 185, _n._

Hemp in New England, 187, 202, 231.

Herbs of New England, 188, 228.

Herons, 192.

Herring, 224.

Hickory, 183, _n._

Higginson, Rev. F., quoted, 213, _n._, 221, _n._, 232, _n._, 300, _n._

Higginson, T. W., quoted, 312, _n._

Hiltons, the: at Piscataqua, 23;
contribute to Morton’s arrest, 30.

“Hippeus pine-tree horse,” 284.

Holbein, Hans, 253, _n._

Holland, 70, 288.

Hollis, Sir William, 253, _n._

Horace, quoted, 119.

Horeb, the calf of, 278.

Horse-mackerel, 223, _n._

Howes, Edward, 317, _n._

Howes, Edward, Jr., 334, _n._

_Hudibras_, 96, 251, _n._, 339, _n._

Hudson, Hendrick, voyages and fate of, 118, _n._

Hudson, the, 236, _n._, 238.

Hull, so called in 1628, 24, 337, _n._

Hume, David, on royal proclamations, 26.

Humfrey, John: before Privy Council, 51;
“an imposterous knave,” 62, 64;
goes to New England, 64;
Gorges refers to patience of, 80.

Humming-bird, 102, _n._, 198.

Hunt, Captain Thomas, 244, _n._

Hutchinson, Mrs. Ann, 81, 323, _n._

Hyde, Sir Nicholas, 35.

Hydra, 286, 287, 292, 293.

I.

Indians: Morton’s popularity with, 10;
number in Massachusetts, 11;
modesty of women, 16;
desire for guns and spirits, 20;
fire-arms among, 20, 25;
pestilence of 1616 among, 120, 133, _n._;
origin of, 123-9;
language of, 123;
descendants of Hebrew tribes, 129, _n._;
Frenchmen captives among, 131;
their wigwams, 134-8;
their eating, 137, _n._;
their hospitality, 137, _n._;
their games and removals, 138;
their religion, 139-41, 167;
their dress, 141-5;
their trade, 141, 157-9;
their modesty, 142;
their children born white, 147, _n._;
their bodies well shaped, 147;
color of their eyes, 148, 165;
their respect to age, 148-50;
their conjuring tricks, 150-3;
their duels, 153-4;
their money, 157-9;
their manufactures, 159;
their storehouses, 160;
their baskets, 160;
did not use salt, 161;
their cunning, 161-5;
acuteness of their senses, 165-6;
distinguish French from Spanish by smell, 166;
crimes among, 169;
their funerals, 169-71;
thievery among, 169;
their custom of firing the country, 172;
distant commerce of, 172, 220, _n._, 237;
contented life of, 175;
superiority to English beggars, 175-6;
utensils and method of drinking, 177;
deer-traps of, 202;
method of hunting bears, 209-10;
lobster-feasts of, 226;
belied by Plymouth people, 256;
compound theft at Wessagusset, 269;
accompany Bubble to Nipnet, 270;
return his property, 272;
witness Morton’s punishment, 312;
reprove punishment of Morton, 312. (_See_ Massachusetts.)

Indian women: absence of chastity among, 16, 17, 145;
Morton’s relations with, 94;
their dress, 144;
their modesty, 145;
their child-bearing, 145-8;
their care of their infants, 147.

Ireland, no venomous beasts in, 48.

Irocoise, the great lake. (_See_ Champlain.)

Iron-stones, 219.

Iroquois, 234.

Isles of Shoals, Morton at, 29, 296, 302.

Israelites, 310;
origin of Indians traced to, 129, _n._, 160, _n._

J.

Jackals, 207, _n._, 214, _n._

James I., 16, 35;
sends snake-stones to Virginia, 214, _n._

Jason, 292;
Golden Fleece of, 295.

Jeffreys, William: at Wessagusset, 24, 31, 162, _n._;
corresponds with Gorges, 60, _n._;
letters of Morton to, 61, 86;
carries letters to Winthrop, 65;
letters from quoted, 102.

Jews, origin of Indians traced to, 129, _n._

Job, 281.

Johnson, Edward, 250.

Jonah, 103, 302, 327, 342-5.

Jonson, Ben, 98;
may have met Morton, 96;
note on “poem,” 290, 312, _n._;
quoted, 335, _n._

Jordan, 310.

Josselyn, Captain John, quoted, 16, _n._, 133, _n._, 136, _n._,
137, _n._, 147, _n._, 158, _n._, 160, _n._, 171, _n._,
182, _n._, 185, _n._, 189, _n._, 191, _n._, 198, _n._,
201, _n._, 205, _n._, 206, _n._, 210, _n._, 212, _n._,
214, _n._, 217, _n._, 221, _n._, 232, _n._, 235, _n._

Josselyn, Henry, 237;
date of expedition of, to New Hampshire, 79, 238.

“Jove, let, vouchsafe to thunder,” 62, 103, 113, 345.

Jupiter, 279.

K.

_Kantántowwit_, 168, _n._

Kennebec: Morton follows Plymouth people to the, 23, 295;
Plymouth grant on the, 36.

Kennet, White, 99.

Kytan, an Indian god, 139, _n._, 167, _n._, 168, 169.

Killock, 262.

King’s Bench, warrant did not run in Massachusetts, 47.

Kirk, David, Louis and Thomas, conquest of Canada by, 235, _n._

_Kodtup Kēn_, 137, _n._

_Koüs_, 124, _n._

L.

Laconia, 235, 238, _n._

Lannerets, 196, 198.

Larks, 195.

Latin, supposed similarity with Indian tongue, 123-6.

Laud, Archbishop William: becomes Primate, 55;
influence of, 57;
head of Lords Commissioners, 58, 60, 93, 322;
played upon by Gorges, 64;
and Morton, 68, 93, 322-34;
New England not to be suffered to languish, 71;
supreme in England in 1635, 74;
his fortunes turn, 78;
corresponds with Burdet, 83;
orders Common Prayer to be used, 333, _n._

Lazarus, 344.

Lead ore, 219.

Leadstones, 219.

Learning, vilified in New England, 282.

Leather, made by Indians, 142, 201.

Lechford’s _Plaine Dealing_ quoted, 147, 322-34.

Lenox, Duke of, 70.

Lerna, lake, 292.

Lewis, Alonzo, quoted, 129.

Libertines, New England will not brook, 48.

Lime, 215.

Limestone in Weymouth, 216, _n._

Lions in New England, 214.

Littleworth. (_See_ Endicott.)

Lobsters, 209, 226, 265.

Lords Commissioners of Plantations: appointment of board of, 58, 100;
who composed, 60;
powers of, 60;
news of appointment of, in Massachusetts, 65;
last meeting of, 81;
Morton’s dependence on, 93;
dedication of _New Canaan_ to, 109, 322.

Louis XI., 326.

Lowndes’s _Manual_, 100.

Lucan, 141.

Luscus, 263.

Luzerans: description of, 206;
value of furs of, 205, _n._

Lyford, Rev. John:
at Hull, 24, 264;
moves to Cape Ann, 24;
at Plymouth, 262-4, 332, _n._

Lyman, Theodore, notes on fish, 221-8.

M.

Machiavelli, 339.

_Macháug_, 237, _n._

Mackerel, 223.

Mackerel-shark, 223, _n._

Maine: trading-stations in, 23, 218, 221;
royalists in, 85.

Maja, 281.

Manchester, Earl of, 60.

_Manittóoes_, 207, _n._

Maple, 186.

Marble in New England, 215.

Marblehead, quality of stone at, 215, _n._

Ma-re-Mount, 14. (_See_ Merry Mount.)

Marlins, 198.

Marriage in Massachusetts, a civil contract, 69, 330.

Mars, 292.

Martens: value of furs of, 205, _n._;
described, 206.

_Mary & John_, arrival of at Hull, 42.

_Maske_, the North Star, 125.

Mason, Captain John: hostile to Massachusetts, 49;
grantee of New Hampshire from Council of New England, 71;
builds ships to take governor-general to New England, 73;
financial needs of, 74;
death of, and note on, 76, 238.

Massachusetts: latent spirit of rebellion in, in 1632, 51, 66;
emigration to, in 1634, 55;
panic in, in 1635, 66, 71;
preparations against, in 1635, 67;
church practices in, 69, 322-34;
complaints against, in 1638, 81;
appeals to king a misdemeanor in, 87;
location and advantages of, 112;
elk seen in, 200, _n._;
population of, in 1632-7, 230;
baptism limited to franchise in, 331, _n._;
description of community in, 334, _n._;
justice in, 334-6.

Massachusetts Charter: attack on in Privy Council, in 1632, 49;
obtained by influence, 52;
sent for by Privy Council, 56;
second attack on, 58, 61;
not returned to England, 64;
plan for vacating, 67;
_quo warranto_ proceedings to set aside, 75;
demand for return of, in 1638, 82.

Massachusetts Company: grant to, 31;
difficulty of, with Council of New England, 33;
procures charter, 34;
“old planters,” jealousy of, 38;
instructions of, to Endicott, 38, 40, 45;
policy of, to, 39;
regulates trade in furs, 39;
complaints against, 50;
treasurer of, 305;
patent-case of, 305.

Massachusetts Indians: number of, 11;
Weston’s men killed by, 252, _n._;
humanity of, 256.

Massasoit: a night in his lodge, 136, _n._;
detains Samoset, 244, _n._

Mather, Cotton, quoted, 129, _n._, 132, _n._, 150, _n._, 152, _n._,
160, _n._, 175, _n._, 331, _n._

_Matta_, 237.

_Mattapan_, 12, 124.

Maverick, Rev. John, 325, _n._

Maverick, Samuel: says that Morton had a patent, 8;
moves from Wessagusset to Noddle’s Island, 24;
in connection with Morton’s arrest, 30;
his assessment for charge of Morton’s arrest, 30;
cited, 46;
refers to Morton’s arraignment at Boston, 88;
an Episcopalian, 94.

May, Thomas, quoted, 141, _n._

Mayberry, S. P., on Walter Bagnall, 218, _n._

May-day festivities: immorality of, 18;
at Mount Wollaston, 18, 276-82.

May-pole, the: of Merry-Mount, 17, 270, 295;
custom of erecting, 17;
cut down by Endicott, 32.

Medusa, 292.

_Meechin_, 137.

Melpomene, 275.

Menhaden, 225, _n._, 226, _n._

Mephistopheles, 319.

Mermaid, the, 97.

Merriam, Mr., identifies simpes as woodcock, 191, _n._

Merry-Mount: fountain at, 276;
Mayday at, 276-84;
to be made a woeful mount, 278;
monster at, 282. (_See_ Mt. Wollaston.)

_Metawna_, 194, _n._

Mice, 214.

Milo, 270.

Milton, John, quoted, 129.

Minerals of New England, 215-21.

Ministers: ordination of, at Plymouth, 262;
at Salem, 300, _n._, 306;
use of notes by, 322, _n._;
ordination of, in New England, 324;
superior to magistrates in New England, _ib._;
first in New England, 325, _n._;
absent-mindedness of a, _ib._;
did not marry in New England, 330.

Ministers’ sons, whipped, 319, _n._

Minos, 275, 293, 294, 309.

Mint and Cummin, tithes of, 102, 111, 280, 333.

_Mittànnug_, 193, _n._

_Mona_, 124.

Monatoquit, 9, 28, 285;
limestone near to, 216.

Money, Indian. (_See_ Wampum.)

Monsall, Ralph, 319, _n._

_Monthly Anthology_, 101, 320.

Moose, description and uses of, 142, 200.

Morell, Rev. William, quoted, 143, _n._

Morton, Nathaniel, cited, 5.

Morton, Thomas: comes to Massachusetts with Wollaston, 1;
suspected of murder, 2, 15, 46;
his previous life, 4-5;
his acquaintance with classics, 4, 345, _n._;
his first coming to New England, 6;
his silence about Wollaston, 13;
inaccuracy of, 14, 63, 96, 123, _n._, 335, _n._;
his fondness for field sports, 15;
his treatment of Indians, 16, 256;
relations of, with Indian women, 16;
his verses, 19;
supplies Indians with guns, 20;
silence of, on subject, 21;
trades in Maine, 23;
visits Wessagusset, 24;
number of his neighbors, 25;
remonstrated with for sale of fire-arms, 25;
on proclamations, 26;
arrest of, by Standish, 27, 282-6;
escape of, 28, 283;
taken to Plymouth, 29, 296;
sent to England, 29, 289;
cost of arrest of, 30, 302;
reaches England, 31;
not proceeded against, 35, 303;
could have been proceeded against in Star Chamber, 35;
ingratiates himself with Gorges, 36;
and Allerton, 36, 325;
good results of, 37;
returns to Plymouth, 37, 304;
to Mount Wollaston, 38;
refuses to sign agreement, 39, 307;
disregards trade regulations, 40, 308;
an agent of Gorges, 41;
profits of, 41, 308;
attempt to re-arrest, 41, 308;
re-arrest of, 43;
trial and sentence of, 44;
sent back to England, 45;
charges against him, 46;
punishment of, 46-8, 311, 312;
a warrant for his arrest from King’s Bench, 47, 311;
a “libertine,” 48;
driven away from Massachusetts, 49, 336-7;
in Exeter jail, 49;
allies himself to enemies of Massachusetts Charter, 50;
makes complaint before Privy Council, 50;
gives reason of failure of complaint, 54;
forwards more complaints, 56;
elation of, in 1634, 60;
his letters to William Jeffreys, 61;
crying as Jonas, 61, 103, 344;
plays on Laud’s foibles, 64, 93, 322-34, _n._, _n._;
has Winslow put in Fleet prison, 69;
Solicitor of Council for New England, 72;
promptness of, in legal proceedings, 75;
on Captain John Mason, 76;
Cradock on, 77;
in pay of Cleaves, 77;
in disgrace with Gorges, 80;
witnesses Acomenticus charter, 81;
starved out of England, 83;
at Plymouth in 1643, 84;
pretends to be a Commonwealth’s man, 85;
goes to Maine, 85;
to Rhode Island, 85;
to Boston, 86;
arraigned, 86;
extraordinary proceedings against, 87;
petition of, 88-90;
imprisonment, release and death of, 91;
a man out of place, 92;
Episcopalian defenders of, 92;
“his faults,” 93;
oppressively dealt with in Massachusetts, 94;
small literary merit of, 95;
may have met Butler and Jonson, 96;
sense of humor of, 97;
style of, 103;
at Richmond Island, 218;
uses Common Prayer, 260, 311;
at Cape Ann, 261;
at Nut Island, 268;
date of arrest, 295;
references of, to Winthrop, 310, _n._, 321;
gets game for settlers, 321;
at Salem, 325, _n._;
at Canary Islands, 342;
his voyage to England, 342-5.

Mount Dagon, 32, 278.

Mount Wollaston: why so called, 1;
character and number of settlers at, 8, 286, 294;
description and sketch of, 9-10;
view from, 12;
location of, 15;
morals at, 17;
May-day festivities at, 18;
a refuge of runaways, 22, 23;
within grant to Massachusetts Company, 31;
destruction of house at, 45;
Common Prayer at, 94, 283;
fountain at, 229;
monster at, 282.

Muskrats, 204;
value of skins of, 205, _n._;
description of, 210.

Muscles, 227.

_Munnoh_, 124, _n._

N.

_Nan weeteo_, 148, _n._

Nantasket, 24, 25, 30, 325, _n._, 337, _n._

Nanepashemet, 155.

Naumkeag, 25, 30.

Nebuchadnezzar, 116.

_Necut_, 193, _n._

_Neent_, 194, _n._

Neptune, 277.

Netherlands, 293.

_New Canaan_: political significance of, 68;
as a political pamphlet, 68, 322, _n._;
reference to Lake Irocoise in, 78;
where written, 78, 233, _n._;
referred to by Bradford, 79;
latest revision of, 79;
no copies of, get to New England, 79, 88;
publication of, not agreeable to Gorges, 80;
referred to by Winthrop, 86;
references to Book of Common Prayer in, 93;
ribaldry of, 94;
criticism of, 95-6;
referred to in _Hudibras_, 96;
humor in, 97;
a connecting link, 98;
bibliography of, 99-101;
titlepages of, 100;
printing of, 102;
cause of errors in, 103;
rules for present edition of, 104.

New England: emigration to, in 1634, 55;
royal policy towards, 57;
church practices in, 69;
division of, in 1635, 70;
commission for governing, in 1637, 77;
location and temperature of, 120-1;
winds not violent in, 122, 232;
plenty of, 175;
air of, 177;
beauty of, 180;
motives of settlers in, 181;
no boggy ground in, 228;
perfumed air of, 228, 231-2;
superiority of, to Virginia, 228, 229, 233, 265;
natural waters of, 229;
population of, 230;
fertility of, 231;
people of, never have colds, 232;
rainfall of, 233;
coast and harbors of, _ib._;
fecundity of women in, 265;
universities vilified in, 282. (_See_ Council for New England.)

_New English Canaan._ (_See_ _New Canaan_.)

New Hampshire, population of, in 1634, 230, _n._

Newburyport: galena found in, 219, _n._;
silver ore, 220, _n._

Newcomein, John, 216-7.

Niagara Falls, 236.

“Nick and Froth,” 328, _n._

Nilus, 240.

Niobe, 277, 281.

Nipnets, 240, 270.

_Nneesnneánna_, 193, _n._

Noddy, Doctor, 309.

_Nokehick_, 175, _n._

North Star, the Indian name of, 125, _n._

Northwest passage, interest in the, in 1632, 118, _n._, 239.

“Noses out of joint,” 94, 281.

Notes used in preaching, 322.

Nourse, H. S., on Elk in South Lancaster, Mass., 200, _n._

Nowell, Increase, 305, _n._

Nut Island, 268.

Nuttall’s _Ornithology_, cited, 194, _n._

O.

Oaks in New England, 182.

Oates, Jack, 253, _n._

Œdipus, 277, 280.

Oil, cod-liver, 222.

“Old Planters,” jealousy of Massachusetts Company, 38.

Oldham, John, 40;
at Hull, 24;
takes Morton to England, 29-32;
his promises of gain in New England, 32;
his scheme for trading, 33;
does not press matters against Morton, 33, 36;
receives grant from John Gorges, 34;
tries to organize expedition, 34;
“a jack in his mood,” 40;
his treatment at Plymouth, 262-4.

Oliver le Daim, 326.

_Om_, 124, _n._

Ordination. (_See_ Ministers.)

Otters, value of furs of, 205, _n._, 206.

Ounce, the, 206, _n._

Ovid, quoted, 217, 273.

Owls, 195.

Oysters, 227.

P.

Palfrey, J. G., quoted, 140, _n._, 148, _n._

“Pan the Shepherds’ God,” 124.

Papasiquineo. (_See_ Pasconaway.)

Parkman, Francis, quoted, 16, 17, 136, _n._, 140, _n._, 145, _n._,
158, _n._, 166, _n._, 168, _n._, 234, _n._

Partridges, 194.

Pasconaway, the sachem, 150, _n._;
his tricks and incantations, 151;
his daughter’s marriage, 154-5.

_Pascopan_, 124.

_Paskanontam_, 124, _n._

Passonagessit: description of, 9;
signification of name, 14, 276;
grave at, desecrated, 247;
Master Bubble at, 267;
revels at, 276-82;
mine host, sachem of, 289. (_See_ Mt. Wollaston.)

Pastors. (_See_ Ministers.)

Patent of Massachusetts: granted, 31;
brought over by Endicott, 305;
its case, _ib._, _n._

Paul’s Walk, 298, _n._

Pawtucket, 124.

Peabody, W. B. O., referred to, 189, 192.

Peddock, Leonard, 130, _n._

Peddock’s Island, 130, _n._

Pemaquid, 244.

Penelope, 281.

_Pennacook, the Bridal of_, 155, _n._

Pestilence among Indians in 1616-7, 11, 120, 130-4;
nature of, 133, _n._;
Squanto’s fraud about, 245.

Phaethon, 293.

Phaos box, 280, 297;
explained, 345, _n._

_Pharsalia_, May’s continuation of, quoted, 141, _n._

Pheasants, 194.

Phillips, Rev. George, 326.

Phillips Creek, Weymouth, site of Wessagusset settlement, 3.

Phlegethon, 314.

Phœbus, 293.

Phyllis 273.

Pike, 227.

Pilchers, 226.

Pillory and whetstone, 300, _n._

Pine-trees, 184.

Pipe-staves as merchandise, 182.

Piscataqua, 30;
Hiltons and Thomson at, 22, 25, 255, _n._

Plague. (_See_ Pestilence.)

Plaice, 226.

Plantations, Foreign, board of Lords Commissioners of. (_See_ Lords
Commissioners.)

Plato, Indians practise Commonwealth of, 177.

“Plough patent” in Maine, 85.

Plymouth, 30;
settlers at, in 1628, 25;
Morton carried to, 29;
Indians about destroyed by pestilence, 133, _n._;
Billington hanged at, 217, _n._;
population of, in 1634, 230, _n._;
Samoset’s appearance at, 244;
treatment of Weston at, 245-6, 255-7;
people of, at Passonagessit 247, _n._;
Morton visits, 259;
cattle at, 260;
Lyford and Oldham at, 262-4;
reordination of ministers at, 262;
no vessel arrives at, in June 1628, 289, _n._;
Christmas at, 294, _n._;
Morton arrives again at, 304;
ministers at, 325, _n._;
Book of Common Prayer at, 332, _n._

Pocahontas, “a well-featured but wanton young girl,” 145, _n._

Porcupines, 211.

Portland, Earl of, 60.

Portland Harbor, 221, _n._

Potomac, the, 236, 239.

Powahs, Indian, 139, _n._, 150, _n._, 152, _n._

Pratt, Phineas, cited, 131, _n._, 132, _n._

Praying, manner of, 334.

Priapus, 94, 205, 281.

Privy Council: petition to, against Massachusetts Company, 51;
order of, stopping emigration to New England, 56, 333, _n._

Proclamations, royal: about fire-arms, 20;
not law, 26;
violation of, punishable in Star Chamber, 35.

Procrustes, 335.

Proteus, 94, 281.

Purchase, Mr., cures himself of sciatica, 207, _n._

Purification of women, 331.

Putnam, F. W., 131, _n._, 227, _n._

Pygmalion, 315.

Pythagoras, 329, _n._

Q.

Quacksalver, punishment of, 299.

Quail, in New England, 194.

Quebec, capture of, by Kirk, 235, _n._

Quincy: seal of town of, 10;
slate in, 216, _n._

_Quo warranto_ proceedings to set aside Massachusetts Charter, 74,
77, 82, 86.

R.

Rabbits, 204, 211.

Rabelais, 94.

Raccoon, 207.

Rasdall: a partner of Wollaston, 1;
follows him to Virginia, 13;
disappears, 15.

Ratcliff, Philip: before Privy Council, 50;
thought a lunatic, 56;
promised cropping of Winthrop’s ears, 62, 64;
called Faircloath, 316, 340;
punishment of, 316-8.

Rattlesnakes, 213;
antidotes to poison of, 213, 214, _n._

Rats, 214.

Razor-shell, 227.

Readings, conjectural, 105.

Red-lead, 219.

Reordination. (_See_ Ministers.)

Reproductions, slavishness of, 104.

Reynolds, Dr. John, 331, _n._

Rhadamanthus, 293, 294, 309.

Rhode Island, Morton in, 86.

Richmond Island: Walter Bagnall at, 200, _n._, 218, _n._;
coins found on, _ib._;
whetstones at, 217;
vessels at, 221.

Rigby, Alexander, 84.

Ring, use of, in marriage, 331.

Rogers, Mr., preacher at Plymouth, 325, _n._

Running footmen, 329, _n._

Rupert, Prince, 83.

S.

Sables, value of, 205, _n._

Sal, Isle of, 116, _n._, 117, _n._, 343, _n._

Salem: suffering at, in 1629-30, 42;
a doctor made at, 298;
Dr. Fuller at, 299;
Endicott holds a court at, 306;
ordination of ministers at, 306;
Morton at, 306, 325, _n._;
church of, abused by Ratcliff, 317, _n._;
church of, vilified, 317-8;
use of Common Prayer at, 332, _n._

Salmon, 224.

Salt: abundance of, in tropics, 117;
use of, unknown among Indians, 161, 175, _n._;
given to them by Morton, 161.

Saltonstall, Sir Richard, 43;
before Privy Council, 51, 61.

Samoset, 244, _n._

Samson, 281.

Sanaconquam, an Indian god, 167.

Sanderling, 191.

Sandpiper, 191.

Sargent, Professor C. S., 182, _n._

Savage, James, cited, 30, _n._

Scallops, 227.

Scent, acuteness of Indian, 166.

Sciatica, cured by raccoon grease, 207.

Scogan, John, 278;
choice of, 281.

Scotland: policy of Charles I. breaks down in, 78;
troubles of 1638 in, 82.

Scylla, 278, 280.

Sea-sickness, 298.

Sequestration, in _New Canaan_, 308.

Serat, 204.

_Sesick_, 213.

Shackles: possibly Aspinwall, 319;
whips Faircloath, 320;
fed by Morton, 321;
burns Morton’s house, 337.

Shad, 225.

Shakespeare, William, 98.

Shawmut, 12.

Shaler, Professor N. S., notes by, 215-20.

Shell-heaps: at Cotuit, 131, _n._;
origin of, 226, _n._

Ships, number of engaged in fisheries, 221.

Shoals, Isles of, 29, 289, 296, 302.

Shrimpe, Captaine. (_See_ Standish.)

Silver in New England, 220, _n._

Simpes, 191.

Skelton, Rev. Samuel, 39, 300, _n._, 325, _n._;
called Eager, 306.

Slafter, Rev. E. F., quoted, 234, _n._

Slate: in Quincy and Weymouth, 216, _n._;
at Richmond Island, 217, _n._

Smart, Captain, brings over falcons to the king, 196, _n._

Smelts, 225.

Smith, John, 95;
quoted, 1, _n._, 136, _n._, 144, _n._, 147, _n._, 150, _n._

Smith, Ralfe, 325, _n._

Snakes, 212.

Snipes, 191.

Socrates, quoted, 327.

Solomon: sayings of, quoted, 119, 127, 228;
referred to, 184.

Sommers, Will, 253.

South Lancaster, Mass., elks in, 200, _n._

South Sea, 239.

“Sparke,” 160.

Sparrow-hawks, 198.

Spruce-trees, 185.

Squanto, 271, _n._;
made use of by Chickatawbut, 164;
kidnapped, 244, _n._

Squanto’s Chappel: chalkstones at, 216;
fountain at, 229.

Squantum, 12, 216, 229;
slate at, 216, _n._

Squidraket, Sagamore, 218, _n._

Squirrels, 212.

St. Michaels, 343.

St. Paul’s Church, 298.

Stam, Jacob Frederick, 100.

Standish, Miles: kills Indians at Wessagusset, 11;
sent to arrest Morton, 27;
threatens to shoot him, 29, 296;
takes offence at Morton, in 1643, 84;
at Wessagusset, 247, _n._;
Captain Shrimpe, 285-7, 291, _n._, 296;
a quondam drummer, 286;
called Minos, 291, _n._

Star Chamber, court of, 35.

Stenography, 266.

Sterling, Earl of, 70.

Stones, chapter on, 215-20.

Strachey, Edward, quoted, 145, _n._, 147, _n._, 208, _n._,
210, _n._, 215, _n._

Strafford, Earl of, 60, 74.

Stubbs, his _Anatomy of Abuses_ cited, 18.

Students of Harvard College, whipped, 319, _n._

Sturgeon, 223.

Styx, 293, 314.

_Swan_, the, Weston’s vessel, 257, _n._

Swans, 189.

Swift, Lindsay, quoted, 328, _n._, 335, _n._, 345, _n._

T.

Tantoquineo, 152.

Tartars, supposed descent of Indians from, 125.

Tassell gentles, 196-7.

Teal, kinds of, in New England, 190.

Temperwell, Joshua. (_See_ Winthrop, John.)

Thomson, David: at Piscataqua, 24;
moves to Boston Bay, 24;
on origin of Indians, 128;
authorities concerning, 128.

“Thorough,” Gorges policy, the New England branch of, 60, 74.

Tin, in New England, 220.

_Titta_, 148.

Tithes, 333.

Tornadoes, 217.

Trade with Indians, liquor the life of, 20, 174. (_See_ Fire-arms.)

Trade: profits of in New England, 32;
regulations of Massachusetts Company, 39;
disregarded by Morton, 40, 306, 308.

Trade-winds, effect of, 118.

Traps, to take deer, 202.

Trees: effect of burning underbrush on, 172;
where to look for large, 172;
of New England, 182-7.

Triton, 281.

Trojans, supposed descent of Indians from the, 126-7, 129.

Trout, 227.

Trumbull, J. Hammond: on name of Passonagessit, 14;
notes by, on Indian words, 123, 124, 137, 148, 160, 167, 229;
his notes to _Plaine Dealing_ referred to, 322-34.

Turbot, 225.

Turkeys: garments made of feathers of, 142, 144, _n._;
hunted by Indians, 162;
wild, in New England, 192.

Turtledoves, 180.

Tuttle, C. W., 238, _n._

U.

Universities, vilified in New England, 281-2.

Uttaquatock, 216.

V.

Venice, 281.

Venus, 265, 315, 345.

Vermilion, 219.

Virgil, quoted, 217, 260, 345.

Virginia: prices of furs in, in 1650, 205, _n._;
wolves in, 208, _n._;
corn not planted in, 225;
inferiority of, to New England, 228, 229, _n._, 233, 265;
the “barren doe” of, 264, 276;
population of, 265;
execution in, 342.

W.

Walnut, the, 183.

Wampum, 157-9, 301.

Wampumpeack. (_See_ Wampum.)

Warham, Rev. John, 322, _n._, 325, _n._

Warwick, Earl of, had no influence at Court, 52.

Washburne, John, 305, _n._

Walford, Thomas: moves from Wessagusset to Mishawum, 24;
an Episcopalian, 94.

Wessagusset: plantations at, 2, 246;
Robert Gorges at, 3;
dispersion of his settlement, 4;
Indians killed at, by Standish, 11, 247, _n._;
locality of, 12;
separation of settlers at, in 1628, 24;
Morton arrested at, 27, 282, 290, _n._;
Episcopalians, 95;
those dwelling at, 162, _n._;
muscle-bank at, 227;
skirmish at, 247;
the hanging at, 249-51;
settlers killed at, 253-4;
Lyford at, 264;
Morton at, in winter, 268;
Indians compound theft at, 269;
bring Bubble’s things to, 271. (_See_ Weymouth.)

Weston, Andrew: comes to New England in _Charity_, 7;
takes an Indian boy back to England, 130, _n._;
date of his voyage, 130, _n._

Weston, Thomas: establishes a plantation at Wessagusset, 2;
account of, 245-6;
his men killed by Indians, 252;
comes to New England, 255-7;
treatment of, 257-9, 261.

Wethercock, Mr., 337, 342-3.

Weymouth, 2;
slate and limestone in, 216, _n._ (_See_ Wessagusset.)

Whetstones, 124, 216;
at Richmond Island, 217;
punishment of pillory and, 299, _n._ (_See_ _Cos_.)

Whipping-post, 274, 319, _n._

White, William and Susannah, 330, _n._

Whitney, Professor J. D., on Isle of Sal and poisonous fish, 116.

Whitney, George, quoted, 101.

Whittier, J. G., 155, _n._

Widgeon, 191.

Widow, the, 323. (_See_ Deaconess.)

Wiggin, Thomas: cited in regard to Morton, 5;
before Privy Council, 52;
quoted, 320, _n._

Wigwams, described, 134-8.

Wildrake, 92.

Williams, Edward, quoted, 182, _n._

Williams, Roger, quoted, 16, 17, 124, _n._, 125, _n._, 136, _n._,
137, _n._, 146, _n._, 149, _n._, 158, _n._, 159, _n._,
168, _n._, 171, _n._, 194, _n._, 202, _n._, 207, _n._,
221, _n._, 232, _n._

Willis, William, 218, _n._

Wilson, Rev. John, 325, _n._

Winnisimmet, 25, 30, _n._, 300, _n._, 301;
origin of name of, 229, _n._;
fountain at, 229, 265.

Winnepurkitt, the marriage of, 155.

Winslow, Governor Edward, 95;
quoted, 16, 125, _n._, 140, _n._, 145, _n._, 149, _n._;
sent to England in 1634, 64;
sails, 65;
reaches London, 67;
petitions Lords Commissioners, 68;
put in Fleet prison, 69, 322, _n._;
describes Morton at Plymouth in 1648, 84;
goes on mission to Massasoit, 136, _n._;
marriage of, 330, _n._

Winsor, Justin, 99.

Winthrop, Governor John, 43, 81, 95;
arrival of, in New England, 42, 310;
imposes sentence on Morton, 44, 311;
has warrant for Morton’s arrest, 47, 311;
criticism of, on complaint to Privy Council, 50;
rejoices over failure of complaint, 53;
“King Winthrop,” 63;
receives letter of Morton to Jeffreys, 65;
Gorges refers to patience of, 80;
excuses not sending out charter in 1638, 83;
on arrest of Morton in 1644, 86;
quoted, 91, 150, _n._, 218, _n._, 230, _n._;
absence of humor in, 98;
course towards Bagnall, 218, _n._;
called Joshua, 301;
referred to as Temperwell, 302, 310, 314, 318, 320, 335, 340;
degrades gentry, 313;
has Ratcliff whipped, 320;
responsible for wants of settlement, 321;
upon civil marriages, 330, _n._;
on Book of Common Prayer, 332, _n._;
methods of, as judge, 334-6;
course towards Sir C. Gardiner, 340.

“Without, them that are,” 316, 321, 332.

Woburn: galena found in, 219;
silver ore, 220, _n._

Wollaston, facts concerning name of, 1, _n._ (_See_ Mount Wollaston.)

Wollaston, Captain: settles at Massachusetts, 1;
composition of his company, 4;
leaves Massachusetts, 12;
sells his servants in Virginia, 13;
tradition as to death of, 15.

Wolves: deer persecuted by, 203;
black, value of furs of, 207, _n._, 209;
description of, 208-9.

_Wonder-Working Providence_, quoted, 94, 300, _n._

Wood, William, 217.

Woodcock, 191, _n._

Woodman, “Auld,” 216.

Wood’s _Prospect_: quoted, 16, 95, 129, 137, _n._, 138, _n._,
139, _n._, 140, _n._, 143, _n._, 150, _n._, 160, _n._,
168, _n._, 184, _n._, 186, _n._, 189, _n._, 191, _n._,
192, _n._, 198, _n._, 200, _n._, 206, _n._, 208, _n._,
210, _n._, 213, _n._, 223, _n._, 224, _n._, 230, _n._,
238, _n._;
referred to, 139, 141, 154, 172, 182, _n._, 184, _n._, 200, _n._,
217, 221, _n._, 233;
when written, 233.

Worcester: black-lead found in, 219, _n._;
country of Nipnets, 240, _n._

_Wotawquenauge_, 254.

Wrentham, black-lead found in, 219, _n._

Wrington, Samuel Fuller born in, 298.

_Wunanumau_, 123.

Y.

York, Archbishop of, 60.

York, Maine. (_See_ Acomenticus.)

Z.

Zones, the: New England, how placed in, 115-22;
Aristotle’s theory of, 117.

Council of the Prince Society.

1883.

EDMUND F. SLAFTER.
JOHN WARD DEAN.
WILLIAM B. TRASK.
CHARLES H. BELL.
JOHN MARSHALL BROWN.
HENRY W. FOOTE.
DAVID GREENE HASKINS, JR.
ELBRIDGE H. GOSS.

FOOTNOTES

[1] Bradford, pp. 235-6.

[2] A Captain Wolliston is mentioned by Smith (_Description of New England_, III. Mass. Hist. Coll., vol. vi. p. 136) as the lieutenant of “one Captain Barra, an English pirate, in a small ship, with some twelve pieces of ordnance, about thirty men and near all starved,” whom Smith encountered in 1615, while a captive in the hands of the French freebooters. Though it has found a place in biographical dictionaries on account of two eminent men of one family from Staffordshire who bore it, the name of Wollaston is rarely met with. It is not found, for instance, in the present directories of either Boston or New York, and but twice in that of Philadelphia. It has been given to islands in both the Arctic and the Antarctic oceans, but the family to which it belonged seems to have originated in an inland English county. (Lower’s _Patronymica Britannica_). The Captain, or Lieutenant, Wolliston, therefore, whom Smith fell in with in 1615 may have been, and probably was, the same who ten years later gave his name to the hill on Quincy Bay. It is not likely that two Captain Wollastons were sea-adventurers at the same time. That it actually was the same man is, however, matter of pure surmise.

[3] Bradford, p. 154.

[4] _Infra_, *44, *124-127, *138.

[5] Young’s _Chron. of Mass._, p. 321.

[6] _N. E. Memorial_, p. 160.

[7] III. _Mass. Hist. Coll._, vol. viii. p. 323.

[8] _Infra_, *13, *71, 343, _note_.

[9] Palfrey, vol. i. p. 401, n.

[10] Bradford, p. 236.

[11] _Infra_, *17, 130, _note_ 2, *59.

[12] Bradford, p. 118.

[13] Bradford, p. 120.

[14] Young’s _Chron. of Pl._, p. 299.

[15] _Infra_, *60.

[16] _Infra_, *113-118.

[17] Palfrey, vol. i. p 397.

[18] _Lowell Inst. Lectures_ of Mass. Hist. Soc. 1869, p. 147. Samuel Maverick, however, writing to Lord Clarendon in the year 1661, asserts that Morton had a patent. _Coll. N. Y. Hist. Soc._ 1869, p. 40.

[19] Palfrey (vol. i. p. 222) speaks of it as “a bluff.” This is an error. The slope from where Morton’s house stood to the water is very gradual.

[20] Young’s _Chron. of Mass._, p. 395.

[21] _Infra_, *51, 106.

[22] Young’s _Chron. of Mass._, p. 305.

[23] This View of Mount Wollaston is taken from Rev. Dr. William P. Lunt’s _Two Discourses on Occasion of the Two Hundredth Anniversary of the Gathering of the First Congregational Church, Quincy_, (p. 37). It represents the place very accurately as it appeared in 1840, and as it is supposed to have appeared from the time of the first settlement until recently. The single tree was a lofty red-cedar, which must have been there when Wollaston landed, as it was a large tree of a long-lived species, and died from age about 1850. The trunk is still (1882) standing; and, though all the bark has dropped off, it measures some 66 inches in circumference. The central part of the above cut, including the tree, has been adopted as a seal for the town of Quincy, with the motto “MANET.”

[24] _Infra_, *115-18.

[25] _Infra_, *59.

[26] _Infra_, *114.

[27] Bradford, pp. 236-7.

[28] _Infra_, *103, *117.

[29] _Infra_, *141-9.

[30] Morton uniformly speaks of the place as Ma-re-Mount, and John Adams on this point commented in his notes as follows:--“The Fathers of Plymouth, Dorchester, Charlestown, &c., I suppose would not allow the name to be Ma-re-Mount, but insisted upon calling it Merry-Mount, for the same reason that the common people in England will not call gentlemen’s ornamental grounds gardens, but insist upon calling them pleasure-grounds, _i. e._, to excite envy and make them unpopular.”

Ma-re-Mount, however, was a characteristic bit of Latin punning on Morton’s part, designed to tease his more austere neighbors. He himself says (_Infra_, *132): “The inhabitants of Passonagessit, having translated the name of their habitation from that ancient salvage name to Ma-re-Mount ... the precise seperatists that lived at New Plimmouth stood at defiance with the place threatening to make it a woefull mount and not a merry mount.” (_Infra_, *134.) In view of the situation of the place, Ma-re-Mount was a very appropriate name, but it may well be questioned whether it was ever so called by any human being besides Morton, or by him except in print. Bradford calls it Merie-mounte. (p. 237.) The expression used by Morton, that they “translated the name” from Passonagessit to Ma-re-Mount, would naturally suggest that the Indian name might find its equivalent in the Latin one, and mean simply “a hill by the sea.” On this point, however, J. Hammond Trumbull writes: “Morton’s ‘Passonagessit’ has been a puzzle to me every time it has caught my eye since I first marked it twenty years ago or more with double (??). Morton, as he shows in chap. ii. of book I., could not write the most simple Indian word without a blunder. What _may_ have been the name he makes ‘Passonagessit’ we cannot guess, unless it survives in some early record. There is no trace of ‘sea,’ or ‘water,’ or ‘mount’ in it. If it stands for _Pasco-naig-és-it_, it means ‘at [a place] near the little point,’ but I know so little of the local topography that I hesitate to suggest this interpretation.” The rendering here suggested by Dr. Trumbull does apply sufficiently well to the locality. Mount Wollaston is a part of the neck which connects the peninsulas locally known in Quincy as Germantown and Hough’s Neck with the mainland.

[31] Bradford, p. 253.

[32] Whitney’s _Hist. of Quincy_, p. 18.

[33] _Infra_, *55.

[34] Josselyn says of the “Indesses,” as he calls them, “All of them are of a modest demeanor, considering their savage breeding; and indeed do shame our _English_ rusticks whose rudeness in many things exceedeth theirs.” (_Two Voyages_, pp. 12, 45.) When the Massachusets Indian women, in September, 1621, sold the furs from their backs to the first party of explorers from Plymouth, Winslow, who wrote the account of that expedition, says that they “tied boughs about them, but with great shamefacedness, for indeed they are more modest than some of our English women are.” (_Mourt_, p. 59.) See also, to the same effect, Wood’s _Prospect_, (p. 82.) It suggests, indeed, a curious inquiry as to what were the customs among the ruder classes of the British females during the Elizabethan period, when all the writers agree in speaking of the Indian women in this way. Roger Williams, for instance, referring to their clothing, says: “Both men and women within doores, leave off their beasts skin, or English cloth, and so (excepting their little apron) are wholly naked; yet but few of the women but will keepe their skin or cloth (though loose) neare to them, ready to gather it up about them. Custome hath used their minds and bodies to it, and in such a freedom from any wantonnesse that I have never seen that wantonnesse amongst them as, (with griefe) I have heard of in Europe.” (_Key_, pp. 110-11.) And he adds, “More particular:

“Many thousand proper Men and Women,
I have seen met in one place:
Almost all naked, yet not one
Thought want of clothes disgrace.”

In Parkman’s _Jesuits in North America_ (ch. iv.) there is a very graphic account of the missionary Le Jeune’s experience among the Algonquins, in which he describes the interior of the wigwam on a winter’s evening. “Heated to suffocation, the sorcerer, in the closest possible approach to nudity, lay on his back, with his right knee planted upright and his left leg crossed on it, discoursing volubly to the company, who, on their part, listened in postures scarcely less remote from decency.” Le Jeune says, “Les filles et les jeunes femmes sont à l’exterieur tres honnestement couvertes, mais entre elles leurs discours sont puants, comme des cloaques;” and Parkman adds, “The social manners of remote tribes of the present time correspond perfectly with Le Jeune’s account of those of the Montagnais.” See also _Voyages of Champlain_, Prince Soc., vol. iii. pp. 168-70.

[35] Parkman says that “chastity in women was recognized as a virtue by many tribes.” (_Jesuits in North America_, p. xxxiv.) Of the New England Indians Williams remarks,--“Single fornications they count no sin, but after marriage then they count it heinous for either of them to be false.” (_Key_, p. 138.) Judging by an incident mentioned by Morton, however, adultery does not seem to have been looked upon as a very grave offense among the Indians of the vicinity in which he lived. (_Infra_, *32.) On the general subject of morality among young Indian women, especially in the vicinity of trading-posts, see Parkman’s _Jesuits in North America_ (pp. xxxiv, xlii) and the letter from Father Carheil to the Intendant Champigny, in _The Old Régime in Canada_ (p. 427).

[36] _Infra_, *135.

[37] I. _Mass. Hist. Coll._, vol. iii. p. 62.

[38] IV. _Mass. Hist. Coll._, vol. iv. p. 478.

[39] Hazlitt’s _Popular Antiquities of Great Britain_, p. 121. See also on this subject, Strutt’s _Sports and Pastimes_, p. 352.

[40] _Infra_, *132-7.

[41] Bradford, p. 237.

[42] Bradford, p. 238.

[43] III. _Mass. Hist. Coll._, vol. vi, p. 70. See also note 202 in Trumbull’s ed. of Lechford’s _Plaine Dealing_, p. 117.

[44] Bradford, p. 240.

[45] _Infra_, *78, 218, _n._

[46] _Infra_, *137.

[47] Bradford, p. 204.

[48] _Ib._ p. 233.

[49] _Infra_, *149.

[50] _Mem. Hist. of Boston_, vol. i. p. 83.

[51] _Infra_, *124.

[52] _Infra_, *181.

[53] I. _Mass. Hist. Coll._, vol. iii, pp. 63, 64.

[54] Bradford, p. 241.

[55] XII. Coke, p. 75.

[56] _Hist. of England_ (Edition of Harper Bros.) vol. iv. p. 280.

[57] _Lives of the Chief Justices_, vol. i. p. 283. See also a paper on “Royal Proclamations,” in Disraeli’s _Curiosities of Literature_ (ed. 1863), vol. iii., p. 371.

[58] Bradford, p. 241-2.

[59] _Infra_, *137-43.

[60] I. _Mass. Hist. Coll._, vol. iii. pp. 63-4.

[61] _Infra_, *150.

[62] _Infra_, *144, 155.

[63] The letters in full are in Bradford’s _Letter-Book_, III. _Mass. Hist. Coll._, vol. iii. pp. 62-4.

[64] The names of neither Maverick nor Walford appear in this list, though in his history Bradford especially mentions Winnisimmet (p. 241) as one of the places the settlers at which contributed to the charge. They may, as Savage suggests, (_Winthrop_, vol. i. p. *43 n.) have been included with Blackstone, though, considering what Maverick’s means were, this does not seem probable. Edward Hilton lived at Dover, eight miles above Piscataqua. (Young’s _Chron. of Mass._, p. 315. _Proc. of Mass. Hist. Soc. 1875-6_, pp. 362-8.) Mr. Deane suggests that Little Harbor, the place formerly occupied by Thomson, was meant by Piscataqua. (_Ib._, 368.) The locality of Bursley and Jeffreys greatly confused the authorities for a time, but it no longer seems open to question. (_Proc. of Mass. Hist. Soc. 1878_, p. 198.)

[65] Hazard, vol. i. p. 243.

[66] Bradford, p. 238; _Infra_, *134. Dagon was the sea-god of the Philistines, upon the occasion of whose feast, at Gaza, Samson pulled down the pillars of the temple. _Judges_, xvi.

[67] Palfrey, vol. i. p. 79.

[68] Oldham’s “vast conceits of extraordinary gain of three for one” afterwards caused “no small distraction” to the sober-minded governor and assistants of the Massachusetts Company. Young’s _Chron. of Mass._, p. 147.

[69] III. _Mass. Hist. Coll._, vol. vi. p. 80.

[70] Young’s _Chron. of Mass._, p. 171; Hutchinson, vol. i. p. 6.

[71] Young’s _Chron. of Mass._, p. 147.

[72] Bradford, p. 243.

[73] _Infra_, *156.

[74] _Supra_, p. 26.

[75] XII. Coke, p. 76.

[76] Campbell’s _Chief Justices_, vol. ii. p. 42.

[77] Campbell’s _Lord Chancellors_, vol. iii. p. 256.

[78] Bradford, p. 237.

[79] Bradford, p. 250.

[80] _Infra_, *157.

[81] Bradford, p. 252.

[82] I. _Mass. Hist. Coll._, vol. iii. p. 63.

[83] Young’s _Chron. of Mass._, p. 145.

[84] _Infra_, *158-9.

[85] Hazard, vol. i. p. 252.

[86] Young’s _Chron. of Mass._, pp. 96, 148.

[87] _Infra_, *119.

[88] Winthrop, vol. i. p. *57.

[89] _Infra_, *160.

[90] _Infra_, *161.

[91] Young’s _Chron. of Mass._, p. 311.

[92] Winthrop, vol. i. p. *30.

[93] _Records_, vol. i. p. 74.

[94] _Infra_, *163.

[95] _Records_, vol i. p. 75.

[96] _Infra_, *163.

[97] _Coll. of N. Y. Hist. Soc._ (1869), p. 42.

[98] _Infra_, *186-7.

[99] Young’s _Chron. of Mass._, p. 321; _Proc. Mass. Hist. Soc._, 1860-2, p. 133.

[100] Bradford, p. 253.

[101] Winthrop, vol. i. p. *57.

[102] Morton says (_Infra_, *163) “the Snare must now be used; this instrument must not be brought by Iosua [Winthrop] in vaine.”

[103] _Mass. Hist. Soc._, Lowell Inst. Lectures (1869), p. 377.

[104] I. _Mass. Hist. Coll._, vol. i. p. 250.

[105] Bradford, p. 253.

[106] _Mem. Hist. of Boston_, vol. i. p. 336.

[107] Winthrop, vol. i. p. *102.

[108] Palfrey, vol. i. p. 391.

[109] Bradford, pp. 251-2.

[110] Clarendon’s _Rebellion_, B. III. § 27; B. VI. § 404.

[111] Winthrop. vol. i. p. *100. Downing sent a detailed account of the hearing, now lost, to Winthrop; see Hutchinson, vol. ii. p. 2.

[112] IV. _Mass. Hist. Coll._, vol. vi. p. 33, n.

[113] Palfrey, vol. i. p. 392.

[114] Bradford, p. 297.

[115] Winthrop, vol. ii. p. *190.

[116] _Mem. Hist. of Boston_, vol. i. p. 338.

[117] III. _Mass. Hist. Coll._, vol. vi. p. 80.

[118] _Mem. Hist. of Boston_, vol. i. p. 338. The reference here, as at some other places, is to Deane’s chapter on “The Charter of King Charles I.” As a rule, in works of this description, dealing with the sources of history, it is not permissible to refer to contemporaneous authorities. Mr. Deane, however, so far as New England history is concerned, may fairly be made an exception to this rule. His knowledge is so exhaustive and his accuracy so great that a reference to him I consider just as good and as permissible as a reference to the original authorities.

[119] Winthrop, vol. i. p. *56, n.

[120] Palfrey, vol. i. pp. 391-3.

[121] _Briefe Narration_, III. Mass. Hist. Coll., vol. vi. p. 82. Hazard, vol. i. p. 390-4.

[122] _Proc. of Amer. Antiq. Soc._, 1867, p. 124. Winthrop, vol. ii. p. 233. Hazard, vol. i. p. 347.

[123] Hazard, vol. i. p. 347.

[124] William Jeffreys was one of the Robert Gorges Company. He had contributed to the cost of arresting Morton in 1628 and sending him to England. Morton, in writing to him, could not but have been aware of this; but not improbably, during the time of his return to Mount Wollaston in 1630, he had seen more of Jeffreys, and found that he too, like the rest of the “old planters,” looked on the Massachusetts Company with jealousy and apprehension. At that time, indeed, Jeffreys was in active correspondence with Gorges, and outspoken in his complaints. (IV. _Mass. Hist. Coll._, vol. vi. p. 3.) Hence the familiarity of the address. It is apparent from the letter, however, that Morton, when he wrote it, was so sure of his position and so elated with a sense of his own importance that he could not contain himself. He could not resist the desire to let his old acquaintances in America know what an important personage he had become, and he probably hoped they would show the letter to Winthrop and every one else. It was a childish outbreak of delight and vanity.

[125] There is some confusion about these dates. The letter itself is dated the 1st of May, and the commission is here said on that day to have passed the great seal. The commissioners may have designated Gorges as governor-general at this time, and ordered a commission as such to be at once made out to him; but a year later the King’s intention of appointing him was formally announced. (_Proc. of Amer. Antiq. Soc._, 1867, p. 120.) The probability is that the business relating to the colonies was regarded as of little moment and done in the most careless and irregular way, hardly a record even of it being kept. Some proceedings were thus begun and not carried out, and other things were done twice.

[126] Morton is here quoting from the _New Canaan_, (p. *188) and its very last page. It would seem, therefore, now to have been written, though it was not published until three years later. (See _Infra_, pp. 78-9.)

[127] _Supra_, pp. 44-5.

[128] This letter is in Hubbard, pp. 428-30 (II. _Mass. Hist. Coll._, vol. vi.), and in Winthrop, vol. ii. pp. *190-1. The readings do not materially differ, but the punctuation has been corrected and the spelling is modern.

[129] _Mem. Hist. of Boston_, vol. i. p. 379, n.

[130] Winthrop, vol. i. p. *137.

[131] Winthrop, vol. i. p. *143.

[132] _Ib._, vol i. p. *102.

[133] _Autobiography of Sir Simonds D’Ewes_, vol. ii. p. 118.

[134] Winthrop, vol. i. p. *172.

[135] _Infra_, pp. *172-9.

[136] Bradford, pp. 329-30.

[137] _Supra_, p. 66. Winthrop, vol. i. p. *157.

[138] Palfrey, vol. i. p. 401 n. _Mem. Hist. of Boston_, vol. i. p. 341.

[139] Winthrop, vol. i. p. *161, *187.

[140] Palfrey, vol. i. p. 403. _Mem. Hist. of Boston_, vol. i. p. 343.

[141] In January, 1640, Richard Vines wrote to Governor Winthrop, of Sir Ferdinando, that he was then “nere 80 yeares ould.” (IV. _Mass. Hist. Coll._, vol. vii. p. 342.) This can hardly be correct, however, as subsequently he served on the royal side in the civil wars, and was among the prisoners taken by Fairfax when he stormed Bristol in September, 1645. (III. _Mass. Hist. Coll._, vol. iii. p. 342.) He must, however, have then been a very old man, as fifty-four years before, in 1591, he had distinguished himself at the siege of Rouen, in Essex’s English contingent. (Devereux’s _Earls of Essex_, vol. i. p. 271).

[142] _Infra_, *98.

[143] See further on this subject, Winthrop, vol. i. pp. *161, *187; which is also referred to in the same work, vol. ii. p. *12.

[144] Hazard, vol. i. p. 400.

[145] IV. _Mass. Hist. Coll._, vol. vi. p. 127.

[146] Winthrop, vol. i. p. *231.

[147] IV. _Mass. Hist. Coll._, vol. vii. p. 330.

[148] _Infra_, *96-100.

[149] _Supra_, 62, _n._

[150] _Infra_, *98.

[151] Winthrop, vol. i. p. *137.

[152] Bradford, p. 254.

[153] III. _Mass. Hist. Coll._, vol. vi. p. 81.

[154] Winthrop, vol. ii. p. *12.

[155] IV. _Mass. Hist. Coll._, vol. vii. p. 331.

[156] Hazard, vol. i. p. 474.

[157] Hutchinson’s _State Papers_, p. 106.

[158] Winthrop, vol. i. p. *264.

[159] Winthrop, vol. i. p. *266.

[160] Winthrop, vol. i. p. *269.

[161] _Ib._, p. *298.

[162] Bradford, p. 375.

[163] IV. _Mass. Hist. Coll._, vol. vi. p. 175.

[164] _Supra_, p. 77.