Chapter XII: The Philosophy of the Thing-In-Itself 330

HERBART AND SCHOPENHAUER 330
JOHANN FRIEDRICH HERBART 332
THE LIFE AND WRITINGS OF HERBART (1776–1841) 333
THE CONTRADICTIONS OF EXPERIENCE 334
THE ARGUMENT FOR REALISM 334
THE MANY REALS AND NATURE PHENOMENA 337
THE SOUL AND MENTAL PHENOMENA 338
ARTHUR SCHOPENHAUER AND HIS PHILOSOPHICAL RELATIONS 340
THE LIFE AND WRITINGS OF SCHOPENHAUER (1788–1860) 342
1. Period of Education (1788–1813) 343
2. Period of Literary Production (1813–1831) 343
3. Period of Retirement (1831–1860) 343
THE INFLUENCES UPON SCHOPENHAUER’S THOUGHT 343
THE WORLD AS WILL AND THE WORLD AS IDEA 345
THE WILL AS IRRATIONAL REALITY 347
THE MISERY OF THE WORLD AS IDEA――PESSIMISM 348
THE WAY OF DELIVERANCE 349