Chapter XII: The Sentence

Penance not Punishment 459

Grades of Penance 462

Miscellaneous Penances 463

Flagellation 464

Pilgrimages 465

Crusades to Palestine 466

Wearing Crosses 468

Fines and Commutations 471

Unfulfilled Penance 475

Abuses.--Bribery and Extortion 477

Destruction of Houses 481

Arbitrary Penalties 483

Imprisonment 484

Troubles about the Expenses 489

Treatment of Prisoners 491

Comparative Frequency of Different Penalties 494

Modification of Sentences 495

Penitents never Pardoned, although Reprieved 496

Penalties of Descendants 498

Inquisitorial Excommunication 500

CHAPTER XIII.--CONFISCATION

Origin in the Roman Law 501

The Church Responsible for its Introduction 502

Varying Practice in Decreeing it 504

Degree of Criminality Entailing it 507

Question of the Dowers of Wives 509

The Church Shares the Spoils in Italy 510

In France they are Seized by the State 513

The Bishops Obtain a Share 514

Rapacity of Confiscation 517

Alienations and Obligations Void 522

Paralyzing Influence on Commercial Development 524

Expenses of Inquisition, how Defrayed 525

Persecution Dependent on Confiscation 529

CHAPTER XIV.--THE STAKE.

Theoretical Irresponsibility of the Inquisition 534

The Church Coerces the Secular Power to Burn Heretics 536

Only Impenitent Heretics Burned 541

Relapse.--Hesitation as to its Penalty.--Burning Decided upon 543

Difficulty of Defining Relapse 547

Refusal to Submit to Penance 548

Probable Frequency of Burning 549

Details of Execution 551

Burning of Books 554

Influence of Inquisitorial Methods on the Church 557

Influence on Secular Jurisprudence 559

APPENDIX 563

THE INQUISITION