Chapter III

THE LAST THREE KINGS OF ROME, AND THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE
REPUBLIC DOWN TO THE BATTLE OF THE LAKE REGILLUS. B.C. 616-498.

616-578. Reign of Tarquinius Priscus 16
His early history 16
His removal to Rome 16
Becomes king 16
His wars 16
The Cloacæ 16
Circus Maximus 17
Increase of the Senate 17
Increase of the Equites 17
Attus Navius 17
Increase of the Vestal Virgins 17
Early history of Servius Tullius 17
Death of Tarquinius Priscus 18

578-534. Reign of Servius Tullius 18
I. Reform of the Roman Constitution 18
1. Division of the Roman territory into Thirty Tribes 18
2. Comitia Centuriata 18
Census 18
Five Classes 19
The Equites 19
Number of the Centuries 19
Three sovereign assemblies--Comitia Centuriata,
Comitia Curiata, Comitia Tributa 20
II. Increase of the city: walls of Servius Tullius 20
III. Alliance with the Latins 20
Death of Servius Tullius 22

534-510. Reign of Tarquinius Superbus 22
His tyranny 22
His alliance with the Latins 23
His war with the Volscians 23
Foundation of the temple on the Capitoline Hill 23
The Sibylline books 23
Legend of the Sibyl 23
Capture of Gabii 23
King's sons and Brutus sent to consult the oracle at
Delphi 23
Lucretia 24
Expulsion of the Tarquins 25

509. Establishment of the Republic 25

The Consuls 25

First attempt to restore the Tarquins 25
Execution of the sons of Brutus 25
War of the Etruscans with Rome 26
Death of Brutus 26
Defeat of the Etruscans 26

Valerius Publicola 26

Dedication of the Capitoline Temple by M. Horatius 26

508. Second attempt to restore the Tarquins 26
Lars Porsena 26
Horatius Cocles 26
Mucius Scævola 27
Cloelia 27

498. Third attempt to restore the Tarquins 28
War with the Latins 28
Battle of the Lake Regillus 28

496. Death of Tarquinius Superbus 28