Chapter II: Section I: Pleuroidea.--Angular or Ribbed Apples

Having sharp or flat ribs, which extend over the length of the fruit, and are most prominent round the eye, where they are most generally situated.

CLASS I. MALA CYDONARIA.--QUINCE-SHAPED APPLES.

ORDER I. CALVILLA,--_CALVILLES._

1. They have large heart-shaped cells, open towards the axis, or often entirely torn; the cells extend very often from the stalk, even to the tube of the calyx.--2. They diminish from about the middle of the fruit, or a little above it towards the eye.--3. They are regular, and provided generally with fine ribs, which do not disfigure the fruit.--4. On the tree the fruit is covered with bloom.--5. They are never distinctly striped.--6. Their flesh is soft, loose, fine, and light, of a balsamic flavor, similar to that of strawberries or raspberries.--7. The eye is frequently closed.--8. Many of them acquire by keeping, an oily or unctuous skin.

GROUP I. FRUCTUS RUBRI--_FRUIT RED._

The fruit almost entirely covered with red.

GROUP 2. FRUCTUS BICOLORES.--_FRUIT TWO-COLORED._

Yellow, very much striped or washed with red.

GROUP 3. FRUCTUS LUTEI.--_FRUIT YELLOW._

Of a whitish, greenish, or golden yellow.

ORDER II. PSEUDO-CALVILLA.--_BASTARD CALVILLES._

1. The cells are the same as the true Calvilles, very large and open.--2. The calycinal tube is wide and generally very short.--3. They are slightly narrowed towards the eye, and flattened towards the stalk.--4. Their ribs are very prominent, especially round the eye.--5. They are aromatic, and have not the balsamic flavor of the true Calvilles.--6. Their flesh is fine, opaque, a little succulent, and almost equal to the Reinettes.

_The Groups are the same as in the First Order._

CLASS II. MALA PYRARIA.--_PEAR-SHAPED APPLES._

Their flavor is neither balsamic nor aromatic; they are purely sweet or acid, their flesh is granulous and loose.

ORDER I. TREMARIA.--_SEEDS LOOSE._

1. These are almost always large apples, the skin of which is neither unctuous nor covered with bloom.--2. They are also furnished with ribs, but they are not so regular as in the Calvilles.--3. The cells are very large, irregular, widened, and generally open.--4. The calycinal tube is most generally widely conical, and does not extend to the cells.--5. They are of a flattened, conical, cylindrical, or pointed shape.--6. Their flesh is loose, more often a little coarse, and of a slight balsamic flavor.--7. The leaves of these trees are very large, rather deeply dentated, and less downy than those of the Calvilles and Bastard Calvilles.

GROUP 1. FRUCTUS UNICOLORES.--_FRUIT SELF-COLORED._

Green, greenish-yellow, or golden yellow, and lightly tinged with red.

GROUP 2. FRUCTUS BICOLORES.--_TWO COLORED._

Yellow or green, and distinctly striped or washed with red.

ORDER II. RAMBURA.--_RAMBURES._

1. They are all very large.--2. They have almost always the two halves unequal.--3. They are constantly broader than high, and appear sometimes higher than they are.--4. They are not furnished with ribs except round the eye; these ribs are often irregular in numbers, and frequently form broad projections on the fruit.--5. They do not decay, but shrivel when they are past maturity.--6. The flesh is coarsely granulous, rarely aromatic, often, nevertheless, very agreeable.

GROUP 1. CAPSULIS AMPLIS.--_CELLS WIDE._

GROUP 2. CAPSULIS ANGUSTIS.--_CELLS NARROW._