Chapter XX: Book I: Satan presents himself as an old peasant, and, entering into (10)

The Greek legend of Tyro is in many respects similar. This Tyro had an amour with Poseidon (as Silvia had with Mars), and two sons were born in both cases. Tyro’s mother-in-law confined her in a dungeon, and exposed the two infants (Pelias and Neleus) in a boat on the river Enīpeus (3 _syl._). Here they were discovered and brought up by a herdsman (Romulus and Remus were brought up by a shepherd), and when grown to manhood, they put to death their mother-in-law, who had caused them to be exposed (as Romulus and Remus put to death their great-uncle, Amulius).

=Ron=, the ebony spear of Prince Arthur.

The temper of his sword, the tried Excalibor,
The bigness and the length of Rone his noble spear,
With Pridwin his great shield.

Drayton, _Polyolbion_, iv. (1612).

=Ronald= (_Lord_), in love with Lady Clare, to whom he gave a lily-white doe. The day before the wedding nurse Alice told Lady Clare she was not “Lady Clare” at all, but her own child. On hearing this, she dressed herself as a peasant girl, and went to Lord Ronald to release him from his engagement. Lord Ronald replied, “If you are not the heiress born, we will be married to-morrow, and you shall still be Lady Clare.”--Tennyson, _Lady Clare_.

=Ronaldson= (_Neil_), the old ranzelman of Jarlshof (ch. vii.).--Sir W. Scott, _The Pirate_ (time William III.).

=Rondib´ilis=, the physician consulted by Panurge, on the knotty question, “whether he ought to marry, or let it alone.”--Rabelais, _Pantagruel_ (1545).

⁂ This question, which Panurge was perpetually asking every one, of course refers to the celibacy of the clergy.

=Rondo= (_The Father of the_), Jean Baptiste Davaux.

=Rope of Ocnus= (_A_), profitless labor. Ocnus was always twisting a rope with unwearied diligence, but an ass ate it as fast as it was twisted.

⁂ This allegory means that Ocnus worked hard to earn money, which his wife squandered by her extravagance.

The work of Penelopê’s web was “never ending, still beginning,” because Penelopê pulled out at night all that she had spun during the day. Her object was to defer doing what she abhorred but knew not how to avoid.

=Roper= (_Margaret_), was buried with the head of her father, Sir Thomas More, between her hands.

Her who clasped in her last trance
Her murdered father’s head.

Tennyson.

=Roque= (1 _syl._), a blunt, kind-hearted old servitor to Donna Floranthe.--Colman, _The Mountaineers_ (1793).

=Roque Guinart=, a freebooter, whose real name was Pedro Rocha Guinarda. He is introduced by Cervantês in _Don Quixote_.

=Rosa=, a village beauty, patronized by Lady Dedlock. She marries Mrs. Rouncewell’s grandson.--C. Dickens, _Bleak House_ (1853).

=Rosabelle= (3 _syl._), the lady’s-maid of Lady Geraldine. Rosabelle promised to marry L’Eclair, the orderly of Chevalier Florian.--W. Dimond, _The Foundling of the Forest_.

=Rosalind= (_i.e._ Rose Daniel), the shepherd lass who rejected Colin Clout (the poet Spenser) for Menalcas (John Florio, the lexicographer, 1579). Spenser was at the time in his twenty-sixth year. Being rejected by Rosalind, he did not marry till he was nearly 41, and then we are told that Elizabeth “was the name of his mother, queen and wife” (_Sonnet_, 74). In the _Faëry Queen_, “the country lass” (Rosalind) is introduced dancing with the Graces, and the poet says she is worthy to be the fourth (bk. vi. 10, 16). In 1595 appeared the _Epithala´mion_, in which the recent marriage is celebrated.--Ed. Spenser, _Shepheardes Calendar_, i., vi. (1579).

“Rosalinde” is an anagram for Rose Daniel, evidently a well-educated young lady of the north, and probably the “Lady Mirabella” of the _Faëry Queen_, vi. 7, 8. Spenser calls her “the widow’s daughter of the glen” (ecl. iv.), supposed to be either Burnley or Colne, near Hurstwood, in Yorkshire. Ecl. i. is the plaint of Colin for the loss of Rosalind. Ecl. vi. is a dialogue between Colin and Hobbinol, his friend, in which Colin laments, and Hobbinol tries to comfort him. Ecl. xii. is a similar lament to ecl. i. Rose Daniel married John Florio, the lexicographer, the “Holofernês” of Shakespeare.

_Rosalind_, daughter of the banished duke who went to live in the forest of Arden. Rosalind was retained in her uncle’s court as the companion of his daughter, Celia; but when the usurper banished her, Celia resolved to be her companion, and, for greater security, Rosalind dressed as a boy, and assumed the name of Ganymede, while Celia dressed as a peasant girl, and assumed the name of Aliēna. The two girls went to the forest of Arden, and lodged for a time in a hut; but they had not been long there when Orlando encountered them. Orlando and Rosalind had met before at a wrestling match, and the acquaintance was now renewed; Ganymede resumed her proper apparel, and the two were married, with the sanction of the duke.--Shakespeare, _As You Like It_ (1598).

Nor shall the griefs of Lear be alleviated, or the charms and wit
of Rosalind be abated by time.--N. Drake, M.D., _Shakespeare and
His Times_, ii. 554 (1817).

=Rosaline=, the niece of Capulet, with whom Romeo was in love before he saw Juliet. Mercutio calls her “a pale-hearted wench,” and Romeo says she did not “grace for grace and love for love allow,” like Juliet.--Shakespeare, _Romeo and Juliet_ (1598).

⁂ Rosaline is frequently mentioned in the first act of the play, but is not one of the _dramatis personæ_.

_Rosaline_, a lady in attendance on the princess of France. A sharp wit was wedded to her will, and “two pitch balls were stuck in her face for eyes.” Rosaline is called “a merry, nimble, stirring spirit.” Biron, a lord in attendance on Ferdinand, king of Navarre, proposes marriage to her, but she replies:

You must be purged first, your sins are racked ...
Therefore if you my favor mean to get,
A twelvemonth shall you spend, and never rest,
But seek the weary beds of people sick.

Shakespeare, _Love’s Labor’s Lost_ (1594).

=Rosalu´ra=, the airy daughter of Nantolet, beloved by Belleur.--Beaumont and Fletcher, _The Wild-goose Chase_ (1652).

=Ros´amond= (_The Fair_), Jane Clifford, daughter of Walter, Lord Clifford. The lady was loved, not wisely, but too well, by Henry II., who kept her for concealment in a labyrinth at Woodstock. Queen Eleanor compelled the frail fair one to swallow poison (1777).

She was the fayre daughter of Walter, Lord Clifford.... Henry made
for her a house of wonderfull working, so that no man or woman
might come to her. This house was named “Labyrinthus,” and was
wrought like unto a knot, in a garden called a maze. But the queen
came to her by a clue of thredde, and so dealt with her that she
lived not long after. She was buried at Godstow, in a house of
nunnes, with these verses upon her tombe:

Hic jacet in tumba Rosa mundi, non Rosa munda;
Non redolet, sed olet, quæ redolere solet.

_Here Rose the graced, not Rose the chaste, reposes;
The smell that rises is no smell of roses._

⁂ The subject has been a great favorite with poets. We have in English the following tragedies:--_The Complaint of Rosamond_, by S. Daniel (before 1619); _Henry II.... with the Death of Rosamond_, either Bancroft or Mountford (1693); _Rosamond_, by Addison (1706); _Henry and Rosamond_, by Hawkins (1749); _Fair Rosamond_, by Tennyson (1879). In Italian, _Rosmonda_, by Rucellai (1525). In Spanish, _Rosmunda_, by Gil y Zarate (1840). We have also _Rosamond_, an opera, by Dr. Arne (1733); and _Rosamonde_, a poem in French, by C. Briffaut (1813). Sir Walter Scott has introduced the beautiful soiled dove in two of his novels--_The Talisman_ and _Woodstock_.

⁂ Dryden says her name was _Jane_:

Jane Clifford was her name, as books aver:
“Fair Rosamond” was but her _nom de guerre_.

We rede that in Englande was a king that had a concubyne whose name
was Rose, and for hir greate bewtye he cleped hir Rose à mounde
(Rosa mundi), that is to say, Rose of the world, for him thought
that she passed al wymen in bewtye.--R. Pynson (1493), subsequently
printed by Wynken de Worde in 1496.

The _Rosemonde_ of Alfieri is quite another person. (See ROSEMOND.)

=Rosa´na=, daughter of the Armenian queen who helped St. George to quench the seven lamps of the knight of the Black Castle.--R. Johnson, _The Seven Champions of Christendom_, ii. 8, 9 (1617).

=Roscius= (_Quintus_), the greatest of Roman actors (died B.C. 62).

What scene of death hath Roscius now to act?

Shakespeare, 3 _Henry VI._ act v. sc. 6 (1592).

_Roscius_ (_The British_), Thomas Betterton (1635-1710), and David Garrick (1716-1779).

⁂ The earl of Southampton says that Richard Burbage “is famous as our English Roscius” (1566-1619).

_Roscius_ (_The Irish_), Spranger Barry, “The Silver Tongued” (1719-1777).

_Roscius_ (_The Young_), William Henry West Betty, who, in 1803, made his _début_ in London. He was about 12 years of age, and in fifty-six nights realized £34,000. He died, aged 84, in 1874.

=Roscius of France= (_The_), Michel Boyron or Baron (1653-1729).

=Roscrana=, daughter of Cormac, king of Ireland (grandfather of that Cormac murdered by Cairbar). Roscra´na is called “the blue-eyed and white-handed maid,” and was “like a spirit of heaven, half folded in the skirt of a cloud.” Subsequently she was the wife of Fingal, king of Morven, and mother of Ossian, “king of bards.”--Ossian, _Temora_, vi.

⁂ Cormac, the father of Roscrana, was great-grandfather of that Cormac who was reigning when Swaran made his invasion. The line ran thus: (1) Cormac I., (2) Cairbre, his son, (3) Artho, his son, (4) Cormac II., father-in-law of Fingal.

=Rose=, “the gardener’s daughter,” a story of happy first love, told in later years by an old man who had, in his younger days, trifled with the passion of love; but, like St. Augustin, was always “loving to love” (_amans amāre_), and was at length heart-smitten with Rose, whom he married. (See ALICE.)--Tennyson, _The Gardener’s Daughter_.

_Rose._ Sir John Mandeville says that a Jewish maid of Bethlehem (whom Southey names Zillah) was beloved by one Ham´uel, a brutish sot. Zillah rejected his suit, and Hamuel, in revenge, accused the maiden of offences for which she was condemned to be burned alive. When brought to the stake, the flames burnt Hamuel to a cinder, but did no harm to Zillah. There she stood, in a garden of roses, for the brands which had been kindled became red roses, and those which had not caught fire became white ones. These are the first roses that ever bloomed on earth since the loss of paradise.

As the fyre began to brenne about hire, she made her preyeres to
oure Lord ... and anon was the fayer quenched and oute, and brondes
that weren brennynge becomen white roseres ... and theise werein
the first roseres that ever ony man saughe.--Sir John Maundeville,
_Voiage and Traivaile_.

_Rose._ According to Mussulman tradition, the rose is thus accounted for: When Mahomet took his journey to heaven, the sweat which fell on the earth from the prophet’s forehead produced _White_ roses, and that which fell from Al Borak´ (the animal he rode) produced _yellow_ ones.

_Rose._

The gentle name that shows
Her love, her loveliness, and bloom
(Her only epitaph a rose)
Is growing on her tomb!

John James Piatt, _Poems of House and Home_ (1879).

=Rose of Aragon= (_The_), a drama by S. Knowles (1842). Olivia, daughter of Ruphi´no (a peasant), was married to Prince Alonzo of Aragon. The king would not recognize the match, but sent his son to the army, and made the cortez pass an act of divorce. A revolt having been organized, the king was dethroned, and Almagro was made regent. Almagro tried to marry Olivia, and to murder her father and brother, but the prince returning with the army made himself master of the city, Almagro died of poison, the marriage of the prince and peasant was recognized, the revolt was broken up, and order was restored.

=Rose of Har´pocrate= (3 _syl._). Cupid gave Harpocrate a rose, to bribe him not to divulge the amours of his mother, Venus.

Red as a rose of Harpocrate.

E. B. Browning, _Isobel’s Child_, iii.

=Rose of Paradise.= The roses which grew in paradise had no thorns. “Thorns and thistles” were unknown on earth till after the Fall (_Gen._ iii. 18). Both St. Ambrose and St. Basil note that the roses in Eden had no thorns, and Milton says, in Eden bloomed “Flowers of all hue, and without thorn the rose.”--_Paradise Lost_, iv. 256 (1665).

=Rose of Raby=, the mother of Richard III. This was Cicely, daughter of Ralph de Nevill of Raby, earl of Westmoreland.

=Rose Vaughan.= Lover of “Yone” Willoughby, in _The Amber Gods_. He has super-refined and poetical tastes; delights and revels in beauty, and until he met Yone had admired her gentle sister. The siren, Yone, sets herself to win him and succeeds. Marriage disenchants him and the knowledge of this maddens her into something akin to hatred. Yet she dies begging him to kiss her. “I am your Yone! I forgot a little while,--but I love you, Rose, Rose!”--Harriet Prescott Spofford, _The Amber Gods_ (1863).

=Rose of York=, the heir and head of the York faction.

When Warwick perished, Edmund de la Pole became the Rose of York,
and if this foolish prince should be removed by death ... his young
and clever brother [_Richard_] would be raised to the rank of Rose
of York.--W. H. Dixon, _Two Queens_.

=Roses= (_War of the_). The origin of this expression is thus given by Shakepeare:[TN-136]

_Plant._ Let him that is a true-born gentleman ...
If he supposes that I have pleaded truth,
From off this briar pluck a white rose with me.

_Somerset._ Let him that is no coward, nor no flatterer,
But dare maintain the party of the truth,
Pluck a red rose from off this thorn with me.

Whereupon Warwick plucked a white rose and joined the Yorkists, while Suffolk plucked a red one and joined the Lancastrians.--Shakespeare, 1 _Henry VI._ act ii. sc. 4 (1589).

=Rosemond=, daughter of Cunimond, king of the Gepidæ. She was compelled to marry Alboin, king of the Lombards, who put her father to death A.D. 567. Alboin compelled her to drink from the skull of her own father, and Rosemond induced Peride´us (the secretary of Helmichild, her lover), to murder the wretch (573). She then married Helmichild, fled Ravenna, and sought to poison her second husband, that she might marry Longin, the exarch; but Helmichild, apprised of her intention, forced her to drink the mixture she had prepared for him. This lady is the heroine of Alfieri’s tragedy called _Rosemonde_ (1749-1803). (See ROSAMOND.)

=Ro´sencrantz=, a courtier in the court of Denmark, willing to sell or betray his friend and schoolfellow, Prince Hamlet, to please a king.--Shakespeare, _Hamlet_ (1596).

=Rosetta=, the wicked sister of Brunetta and Blon´dina, the mothers of Cherry and Fairstar. She abetted the queen-mother in her wicked designs against the offspring of her two sisters, but, being found out, was imprisoned for life.--Comtesse D’Aunoy, _Fairy Tales_ (“Princess Fairstar,” 1682).

_Rosetta_, a bright, laughing little coquette, who runs away from home because her father wants her to marry young Meadows, whom she has never seen. She enters the service of Justice Woodcock. Now, it so happens that Sir William Meadows wishes his son to marry Rosetta, whom he has never seen, and he also runs away from home, and under the name of Thomas becomes gardener to Justice Woodcock. Rosetta and young Meadows here fall in love with each other, and the wishes of the two fathers are accomplished.--Isaac Bickerstaff, _Love in a Village_ (1763).

In 1786 Mrs. Billington made her _début_ in “Rosetta,” at once
dazzling the town with the brilliancy of her vocalization and the
flush of her beauty.--C. R. Leslie.

=Rosetta [Belmont]=, daughter of Sir Robert Belmont. Rosetta is high-spirited, witty, confident, and of good spirits. “If you told her a merry story, she would sigh; if a mournful one, she would laugh. For _yes_ she would say ‘no,’ and for _no_, ‘yes.’” She is in love with Colonel Raymond, but shows her love by teasing him, and Colonel Raymond is afraid of the capricious beauty.--Edward Moore, _The Foundling_ (1748).

=Rosiclear and Donzel del Phebo=, the heroine and hero of the _Mirror of Knighthood_, a mediæval romance.

=Rosinan´te= (4 _syl._), the steed of Don Quixote. The name implies “that the horse had risen from a mean condition to the highest honor a steed could achieve, for it was once a cart-horse, and was elevated into the charger of a knight-errant.”--Cervantes, _Don Quixote_, I. ii. 1 (1605).

Rosinante was admirably drawn, so lean, lank, meagre, drooping,
sharp-backed, and raw-boned, as to excite much curiosity and
mirth.--Pt. I. ii. 1.

=Rosiphele= (3 _syl._), princess of Armenia; of surpassing beauty, but insensible to love. She is made to submit to the yoke of Cupid, by a vision which befalls her on a May-day ramble.--Gower, _Confessio Amantis_ (1393).

=Rosmonda=, a tragedy in Italian, by John R. Ruccellai (1525). This is one of the first regular tragedies of modern times. _Sophonisba_, by Trissino, preceded it, being produced in 1514, and performed in 1515.

=Rosny= (_Sabina_), the young wife of Lord Sensitive. “Of noble parents, who perished under the axe in France.” The young orphan, “as much to be admired for her virtues, as to be pitied for her misfortunes,” fled to Padua, where she met Lord Sensitive.--Cumberland, _First Love_ (1796).

=Ross= (_Lord_), an officer in the king’s army, under the duke of Monmouth.--Sir W. Scott, _Old Mortality_ (time, Charles II.).

_Ross_ (_The Man of_), John Kyrle, of Whitehouse, in Gloucestershire. So called because he resided in the village of Ross, Herefordshire. Kyrle was a man of unbounded benevolence, and beloved by all who knew him.

⁂ Pope celebrates him in his _Moral Essays_, iii. (1709).

=Rosse= (2 _syl._), the sword which the dwarf Elberich gave to Otwit, king of Lombardy. It was so keen that it left no gap where it cut.

Balmung, the sword forged by Wieland, and given to Siegfried, was so keen that it clove Amilias in two without his knowing it, but when he attempted to move he fell asunder.

This sword to thee I give; it is all bright of hue,
Whatever it may cleave, no gap will there ensue.
From Almari I brought it, and Rossê is its name.

_The Heldenbuch._

=Rostocostojambedanesse= (_M. N._), author of _After Beef, Mustard_.--Rabelais, Pantagruel, ii. 7 (1533).

=Rothmar=, chief of Tromlo. He attacked the vassal kingdom of Croma, while the under-king, Crothar, was blind with age, resolving to annex it to his own dominion. Crothar’s son, Fovar-Gormo, attacked the invader, but was defeated and slain. Not many days after, Ossian (one of the sons of Fingal) arrived with succors, renewed the battle, defeated the victorious army, and slew the invader.--Ossian, _Croma_.

=Rothsay= (_The duke of_) prince Robert, eldest son of Robert III. of Scotland.

_Margaret, duchess of Rothsay._--Sir W. Scott, _Fair Maid of Perth_ (time, Henry IV.).

=Rou= (_Le Roman de_), a metrical and mythical history, in Norman-French, of the dukes of Normandy, from Rollo downwards, by Robert Wace (author of _Le Brut_).

⁂ Rou’, that is, _Roul_, the same as Rollo.

=Roubigné= (_Julie de_), the heroine and title of a novel by Henry Mackenzie (1783).

=Rougedragon= (_Lady Rachel_), the former guardian of Lilias Redgauntlet.--Sir W. Scott, _Redgauntlet_ (time, George III.).

=Rouncewell= (_Mrs._), housekeeper at Chesney Wold to Lord and Lady Dedlock, to whom she is most faithfully attached.--C. Dickens, _Bleak House_ (1823).

=Round Table= (_The_), a table made at Carduel, by Merlin, for Uther, the pendragon. Uther gave it to King Leodegraunce, of Camelyard, and when Arthur married Guinever (the daughter of Leodegraunce), he received the table with a hundred knights as a wedding present (pt. i. 45). The table would seat 150 knights (pt. iii. 36), and each seat was appropriated. One of them was called the “Siege Perilous,” because it was fatal for any one to sit therein, except the knight who was destined to achieve the Holy Graal (pt. iii. 32). King Arthur instituted an order of knighthood called “the knights of the Round Table,” the chief of whom were Sir Launcelot, Sir Tristram, and Sir Lamerock, or Lamorake. The “Siege Perilous” was reserved for Sir Galahad, the son of Sir Launcelot by Elaine.--Sir T. Malory, _History of Prince Arthur_ (1470).

⁂ There is a table shown at Winchester, as “Arthur’s Round Table,” but it corresponds in no respect with the Round Table described in the _History of Prince Arthur_. Round Tables are not unusual, as Dr. Percy has shown, with other kings in the times of chivalry. Thus, the king of Ireland, father of Christabelle, had his “knights of the Round Table.”--See “Sir Cauline,” in Percy’s _Reliques_.

In the eighth year of Edward I., Roger de Mortimer established at Kenilworth, a Round Table for “the encouragement of military pastimes.” Some seventy years later, Edward III. had his Round Table at Windsor; it was 200 feet in diameter.

=Rousseau= (_Jean Jacques_) used to say that all fables which ascribe speech and reason to dumb animals ought to be withheld from children, as being only vehicles of deception.

I shall not ask Jean Jacques Rousseau
If birds confabulate or no;
’Tis clear that they were always able
To hold discourse--at least in fable.

Cowper, _Pairing-Time Anticipated_ (1782).

=Roustam= or =Rostam=, the Persian Herculês. He was the son of Zal, and a descendant of Djamshid At one time Roustam killed 1000 Tartars at a blow; he slew dragons, overcame devils, captured cities, and performed other marvellous exploits. This mighty man of strength fell into disgrace for refusing to receive the doctrines of Zoroaster, and died by the hand of one of his brothers named Scheghad (sixth century B.C.).

=Routledge= (_Harold_). First love of _Lilian Westbrook_, in _The Banker’s Daughter_. They have a lover’s quarrel and separate. Lilian, to save her father from poverty, marries another man. Meeting Harold in after years, her love revives. When he challenges a Frenchman who has spoken lightly of her, she follows him to the field in time to receive his last breath and sob in his ear--“I have loved you--you only--from the first.”--Bronson Howard, _The Banker’s Daughter_, (1878).

=Rover=, a dissolute young spark, who set off vice “as naughty but yet nice.”--Mrs. Behn, _The Rover_ (1680).

William Mountford [1660-1692] had so much in him of the agreeable,
that when he played “The Rover,” it was remarked by many, and
particularly by Queen Mary, that it was dangerous to see him
act--he made vice so alluring.--C. Dibdin, _History of the Stage_.

=Rovewell= (_Captain_), in love with Arethusa, daughter of Argus. The lady’s father wanted her to marry Squire Cuckoo, who had a large estate; but Arethusa contrived to have her own way and marry Captain Rovewell, who turned out to be the son of Ned Worthy, who gave the bridegroom £30,000.--Carey, _Contrivances_ (1715).

=Rowe= (_Nicholas_), poet-laureate (1673, 1714-1718). The monument in Westminster Abbey to this poet was by Rysbrack.

=Rowena= (_The lady_), of Hargettstanstede, a ward of Cedric the Saxon, of Rotherwood. She marries Ivanhoe.--Sir W. Scott, _Ivanhoe_ (time, Richard I.).

=Rowland= (_Childe_), youngest brother of Helen. Under the guidance of Merlin, he undertook to bring back his sister from elf land, whither the fairies had carried her, and he succeeded in his perilous exploit.--_An Ancient Scotch Ballad._

=Rowland for an Oliver= (_A_), a tit for tat; getting as good as you gave. Rowland (or Roland) and Oliver were two of Charlemagne’s paladins, so much alike in prowess and exploits that they might be described as “fortemque Gyan, fortemque Cloanthum” (_Æneid_, i. 222).

Och! Mrs. Mustard-pot, have you found a Rowland for your Oliver at
last?--T. Knight, _The Honest Thieves_.

=Rowley=, one of the retainers of Julia Avenel (2 _syl._).--Sir W. Scott, _The Monastery_ (time, Elizabeth).

_Rowley_ (_Master_), formerly steward of Mr. Surface, Sr., the friend of Charles Surface, and the _fidus Achātês_ of Sir Oliver Surface, the rich uncle.--Sheridan, _School for Scandal_ (1777).

_Rowley_ (_Thomas_), the hypothetical priest of Bristol, said by Chatterton to have lived in the reigns of Henry VI. and Edward IV., and to have written certain poems, of which Chatterton himself was the author.

=Rowley Overdees=, a highwayman.--Sir W. Scott, _Guy Mannering_ (time, George II.).

=Roxa´na=, daughter of Oxyartês of Bactria, and wife or concubine of Alexander the Great. Proud, imperious, and relentless, she loved Alexander with a madness of love; and being jealous of Statīra, daughter of King Darius, and wife of Alexander, she stabbed her and slew her.--N. Lee, _Alexander the Great_ (1678).

So now am I as great as the famed Alexander; but my dear Statīra
and Roxana, don’t exert yourselves so much about me.--Mrs.
Centlivre, _The Wonder_, iii. 1 (1714).

=Roxa´na and Stati´ra.= Dr. Doran says that Peg Woffington (as “Roxana”), jealous of Mrs. Bellamy (as “Statira”) because she was better dressed, pulled her to the floor when she left the stage, and pummeled her with the handle of her dagger, screaming as she did so:

Nor he, nor heaven, shall shield thee from my justice.
Die, sorceress, die! and all my wrongs die with thee?

_Table Traits._

Campbell tells a very similar story of Mrs. Barry (“Roxana”) and Miss Boutwell (“Statira”). The stage-manager had given to Miss Boutwell a lace veil, and Mrs. Barry, out of jealousy, actually stabbed her rival in acting, and the dagger went a quarter of an inch through the stays into the flesh.

=Royal Mottoes= or LEGENDS.

_Dieu et mon droit_, Richard I.

_Honi soit qui mal y pense_, Edward III.

_Semper eadem_, Elizabeth and Anne.

_Je maintiendrai_, William III.

=Royal Style of Address.=

“My Liege,” the usual style till the Lancastrian usurpation.

“Your Grace,” Henry IV.

“Your Excellent Grace,” Henry VI.

“Most High and Mighty Prince,” Edward IV.

“Your Highness,” Henry VII.

“Your Majesty,” Henry VIII. So addressed in 1520, by François I.

“The King’s Sacred Majesty,” James I.

“Your Most Excellent Majesty,” Charles II.

“Your Most Gracious Majesty,” the present style.

=Royal Titles.=

WILLIAM I. called himself “Rex Anglorum, comes Normannorum et
Cinomanentium.”

WILLIAM II. called himself “Rex Anglorum,” or “Monarchicus
Britanniæ.”

HENRY I. called himself “Rex Anglorum et dux Normannorum.”
Subsequent to 1106 we find “Dei gratia” introduced in charters.

HENRY II. called himself “Rex Anglorum, et dux Normannorum et
Aquitannorum, et comes Andegavorum;” or “Rex Angliæ, dux Normanniæ
et Aquitaniæ, et comes Andegaviæ.”

RICHARD I. began his charters with “Dei gratia, rex Angliæ, et dux
Normaniæ et Aquitaniæ, et comes Andegaviæ.”

JOHN headed his charters with “Johannes, D.G. rex Angliæ, dominus
Hiberniæ, dux Normanniæ et Aquitaniæ, et comes Andegaviæ.” Instead
of “Hiberniæ” we sometimes find “Iberniæ,” and sometimes “Yberniæ.”

HENRY III. followed the style of his father till October, 1259,
when he adopted the form “D.G. rex Angliæ, dominus Hiberniæ, et dux
Aquitaniæ.”

EDWARD I. adopted the latter style. So did Edward II.[TN-137] till
1326, when he used the form “Rex Angliæ et dominus Hiberniæ.”
Edward I.[TN-137] for thirteen years headed his charters with
“Edwardus, Dei gratia rex Angliæ, dominus Hiberniæ, et dux
Aquitaniæ.” But after 1337 the form ran thus: “Edwardus, D.G. rex
Angliæ et Franciæ, dominus Hiberniæ, et dux Aquitaniæ;” and
sometimes “Franciæ” stands before “Angliæ.”

RICHARD II. began thus: “Richardus, D.G. rex Angliæ et Franciæ, et
dominus Hiberniæ.”

HENRY IV. continued the same style. So did HENRY V. till 1420,
after which date he adopted the form, “Henricus, D.G. rex Angliæ,
hæres et regens Franciæ, et dominus Hiberniæ.”

HENRY VI. began, “Henricus, D.G. rex Angliæ et Franciæ, et dominus
Hiberniæ.”

EDWARD IV., EDWARD V., RICHARD III., HENRY VII. continued the same
style.

From HENRY VIII. (1521) to GEORGE III. (1800) the royal style and
title was “* by the grace of God, of Great Britain, France and
Ireland, king, Defender of the Faith.”

From GEORGE III. (1800) to the present day it has been, “* by the
grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
king, Defender of the Faith.”

=Ru´bezahl=, Number Nip, a famous mountain-spirit of Germany corresponding to our Puck.

=Rubi=, one of the cherubs or spirits of wisdom who was with Eve in Paradise. He loved Liris, who was young, proud, and most eager for knowledge. She asked her angel lover to let her see him in his full glory; so Rubi came to her in his cherubic splendor. Liris, rushing into his arms, was burnt to ashes; and the kiss she gave him became a brand upon his forehead, which shot unceasing agony into his brain.--T. Moore, _Loves of the Angels_, ii. (1822).

=Ru´bicon= (_Napoleon’s_), Moscow. The invasion of Moscow was the beginning of Napoleon’s fall.

Thou, Rome, who saw’st thy Cæsar’s deeds outdone!
Alas! why passed he [_Napoleon_] too the Rubicon ...
Moscow! thou limit of his long career,
For which rude Charles had wept his frozen tear.

Byron, _Age of Bronze_, v. (1821).

⁂ Charles XII. of Sweden formed the resolution of humbling Peter the Great (1709).

=Rubo´nax=, a man who hanged himself from mortification and annoyance at some verses written upon him by a poet.--Sir P. Sidney, _Defence of Poesie_ (1595).

=Rubrick= (_The Rev. Mr._), chaplain to the baron of Bradwardine.--Sir W. Scott, _Waverley_ (time, George II.).

=Ruby= (_Lady_), the young widow of Lord Ruby. Her “first love” was Frederick Mowbray, and when a widow she married him. She is described as “young, blooming and wealthy, fresh and fine as a daisy.”--Cumberland, _First Love_ (1796).

=Rucellai= (_John_), _i.e._ Oricellarius, poet (1475-1525), son of Bernard Rucellai, of Florence, historian and diplomatist.

As hath been said by Rucellai.

Longfellow, _The Wayside Inn_ (prelude, 1863).

=Ruddymane= (3 _syl._), the name given by Sir Guyon to the babe rescued from Amavia, who had stabbed herself in grief at the death of her husband. So called because:

... in her streaming blood he [_the infant_] did embay his little
hands.

Spenser, _Faëry Queen_, ii. 1, 3 (1590).

=Rudge= (_Barnaby_), a half-witted young man of three and twenty years old; rather spare, of a fair height and strong make. His hair, of which he had a great profusion, was red and hung in disorder about his face and shoulders. His face was pale, his eyes glassy and protruding. His dress was green, clumsily trimmed here and there with gaudy lace. A pair of tawdry ruffles dangled at his wrists, while his throat was nearly bare. His hat was ornamented with a cluster of peacock’s feathers, limp, broken, and trailing down his back. Girded to his side was the steel hilt of an old sword, without blade or scabbard; and a few knee-ribbons completed his attire. He had a large raven named Grip, which he carried at his back in a basket, a most knowing imp, which used to cry out in a hoarse voice, “Halloa!” “I’m a devil!” “Never say die!” “Polly, put the kettle on!”

Barnaby joined the Gordon rioters for the proud pleasure of carrying a flag and wearing a blue bow. He was arrested and lodged in Newgate, from whence he made his escape, with other prisoners, when the jail was burnt down by the rioters; but both he and his father and Hugh, being betrayed by Dennis, the hangman, were recaptured, brought to trial, and condemned to death, but by the influence of _Gabriel Varden_, the locksmith, the poor half-witted lad was reprieved, and lived the rest of his life with his mother in a cottage and garden near the Maypole.

Here he lived, tending the poultry and the cattle, working in a
garden of his own, and helping every one. He was known to every
bird and beast about the place, and had a name for every one. Never
was there a lighter-hearted husbandman, a creature more popular
with young and old, a blither and more happy soul than
Barnaby.--Ch. lxxxii.

_Mr. Rudge_, the father of Barnaby, supposed to have been murdered the same night as Mr. Haredale, to whom he was steward. The fact is that Rudge himself was the murderer both of Mr. Haredale and also of his faithful servant, to whom the crime was falsely attributed. After the murder, he was seen by many haunting the locality, and was supposed to be a ghost. He joined the Gordon rioters when they attacked and burnt to the ground the house of Mr. Haredale, the son of the murdered man, and being arrested (ch. lvi.), was sent to Newgate, but made his escape with the other prisoners when it was burnt down by the rioters. Being betrayed by Dennis, he was brought to trial for murder, but we are not told if he was executed (ch. lxxiii.). His name is not mentioned again, and probably he suffered death.

_Mrs. [Mary] Rudge_, mother of Barnaby, and very like him, “but where in his face there was wildness and vacancy, in hers there was the patient composure of long effort and quiet resignation.” She was a widow. Her husband (steward at the Warren), who murdered his master, Mr. Haredale, and his servant, told her of his deed of blood a little before the birth of Barnaby, and the woman’s face ever after inspired terror. It was thought for many years that Rudge had been murdered in defending his master, and Mrs. Rudge was allowed a pension by Mr. Haredale, son and heir of the murdered man. This pension she subsequently refused to take. After the reprieve of Barnaby, Mrs. Rudge lived with him in a cottage near the Maypole, and her last days were her happiest. C. Dickens, _Barnaby Rudge_ (1841).

=Ru´diger=, a wealthy Hun, liegeman of Etzel, sent to conduct Kriemhild to Hungary. When Günther and his suite went to visit Kriemhild, Rudiger entertained them all most hospitably, and gave his daughter in marriage to Giselher (Kriemhild’s brother). In the broil which ensued, Rudiger was killed fighting against Gernot, but Gernot dropped down dead at the same moment, “each by the other slain.”--_Nibelungen Lied_ (by the minnesingers, 1210).

_Rudiger_, a knight who came to Waldhurst in a boat drawn by a swan. Margaret fell in love with him. At every tournament he bore off the prize, and in everything excelled the youths about him. Margaret became his wife. A child was born. On the christening day, Rudiger carried it along the banks of the Rhine, and nothing that Margaret said could prevail on him to go home. Presently, the swan and boat came in sight, and carried all three to a desolate place, where was a deep cavern. Rudiger got on shore, still holding the babe, and Margaret followed. They reached the cave, two giant arms clasped Rudiger, Margaret sprang forward and seized the infant, but Rudiger was never seen more.--R. Southey, _Rudiger_ (a ballad from Thomas Heywood’s notes).

=Rufus= (or _the Red_), William II. of England (1057, 1087-1100).

=Rugby=, servant to Dr. Caius, in _Merry Wives of Windsor_, by Shakespeare.

=Rugg=, (_Mr._) a lawyer living at Pentonville. A red-haired man, who wore a hat with a high crown and narrow brim. Mr. Pancks employed him to settle the business pertaining to the estate which had long lain unclaimed, to which Mr. Dorrit was heir-at-law. Mr. Rugg delighted in legal difficulties as much as a housewife in her jams and preserves.--C. Dickens, _Little Dorrit_ (1857).

=Ruggie´ro=, a young Saracen knight, born of Christian parents. He fell in love with Bradamant (sister of Rinaldo), whom he ultimately married. Ruggiero is especially noted for possessing a hippogriff, or winged horse, and a shield of such dazzling splendor that it blinded those who looked on it. He threw away this shield into a well, because it enabled him to win victory too cheaply.--_Orlando Innamarato_[TN-138] (1495), and _Orlando Furioso_ (1516).

=Rukenaw= (_Dame_), the ape’s wife, in the beast-epic called _Reynard the Fox_ (1498).

=Rule a Wife and Have a Wife=, a comedy by Beaumont and Fletcher (1640). Donna Margaritta, a lady of great wealth, wishes to marry in order to mask her intrigues, and seeks for a husband a man without spirit, whom she can mould to her will. Leon, the brother of Altea, is selected as the “softest fool in Spain,” and the marriage takes place. After marriage, Leon shows himself firm, courageous, high-minded, but most affectionate. He “rules his wife” and her household with a masterly hand, wins the respect of every one, and the wife, wholly reclaimed, “loves, honors, and obeys” him.

=Rumolt=, the chief cook of Prince Günther of Burgundy.--_Nibelungen Lied_, 800 (1210).

=Rumpelstilzchen= [_Rumple.stiltz.skin_], an irritable, deformed dwarf. He aided a miller’s daughter, who had been enjoined by the king to spin straw into gold; and the condition he made with her for this service, was that she should give him for wife her first daughter. The miller’s daughter married the king, and when her first daughter was born, the mother grieved so bitterly that the dwarf consented to absolve her of her promise, if, within three days she could find out his name. The first day passed, but the secret was not discovered; the second passed with no better success; but on the third day, some of the queen’s servants heard a strange voice singing:

Little dreams my dainty dame
Rumpelstilzchen is my name.

The queen, being told thereof, saved her child, and the dwarf killed himself from rage.--_German Popular Stories._

=Runa=, the dog of Argon and Ruro, sons of Annir, king of Inis-Thona, an island of Scandinavia.--Ossian, _The War of Inis-Thorna_.[TN-139]

=Runners.=

1. Iphiclês, son of Phylakos and Klymĕnê. Hesiod says he could run over ears of corn without bending the stems; and Demarātos says he could run on the surface of the sea.--_Argonauts_, i. 60.

2. Camilla, queen of the Volsci, was so swift of foot that she could run over standing corn, without bending the ears, and over the sea without wetting her feet.--Virgil, _Æneid_, vii. 303; xi. 433.

Not so when swift Camilla scours the plain,
Flies o’er th’ unbending corn, and skims along the main.

Pope.

3. Lădas, the swift runner of King Alexander. He ran so fast that he never left a foot-print on the ground.

4. Phidippĭdês, a professional courier, ran from Athens to Sparta (150 miles) in two days.

5. Theagĕnês, a native of Thasos, was noted for his swiftness of foot.

⁂ The Greek hemerodromos would run from twenty to thirty-six leagues in a day.

=Runnymede=, the _nom de plume_ of Benj. Disraeli, in the _Times_ (1805-1881).

=Rupert=, _i.e._ Major Roselheim, the betrothed of Meeta, “the maid of Mariendorpt.”--S. Knowles, _The Maid of Mariendorpt_ (1838).

_Rupert_ (_Prince_), in the service of Charles II. Introduced by Sir W. Scott, in three of his novels.--_Woodstock_, _Legend of Montrose_, and _Peveril of the Peak_.

_Rupert_ (_Sir_), in love with Catharine.--S. Knowles, _Love_ (1840).

=Rupert of Debate.= Edward Geoffrey, earl of Derby, when he was Mr. Stanley, was so called by Lord Lytton (1799-1869).

=Rupert Clare.= Desperate lover, who skates with “handsome Madge” straight toward the rotten ice. Seeing their danger and his revengeful resolve, she shrieks out the name of her betrothed who, unknown to her and the rejected suitor, has followed them. “He hurls himself upon the pair,” and rescues his affianced.

“The lovers stand with heart to heart,
‘No more,’ they cry, ‘no more to part!”[TN-140]
But still along the lone lagoon
The steel skates ring a ghostly tune,
And in the moonlight, pale and cold,
The panting lovers still behold
The self-appointed sacrifice
Skating toward the rotten ice!”

Fitz-James O’Brien, _Poems and Stories_.

=Rush= (_Friar_), a house-spirit, sent from the infernal regions in the seventeenth century to keep the monks and friars in the same state of wickedness they then were.

⁂ The legends of this roistering friar are of German origin. (_Bruder Rausch_ means “Brother Tipple.”)

Milton confounds “Jack-o’-Lantern” with Friar Rush. The latter was not a _field bogie_ at all, and was never called “Jack.” Probably Milton meant a[TN-141] friar with a rush-[light].” Sir Walter Scott also falls into the same error:

Better we had thro’ mire and bush
Been lantern-led by Friar Rush.

_Marmion_ (1808).

=Rusil´la=, mother of Roderick, the last of the Goths, and wife of Theodofred, rightful heir to the Spanish throne.--Southey, _Roderick, etc._ (1814).

=Rusport= (_Lady_), second wife of Sir Stephen Rusport, a City knight, and step-mother of Charlotte Rusport. Very proud, very mean, very dogmatical, and very vain. Without one spark of generosity or loving charity in her composition. She bribes her lawyer to destroy a will, but is thwarted in her dishonesty. Lady Rusport has a _tendresse_ for Major O’Flaherty; but the major discovers the villainy of the old woman, and escapes from this Scylla.

_Charlotte Rusport_, step-daughter of Lady Rusport. An amiable, ingenuous, animated, handsome girl, in love with her cousin, Charles Dudley, whom she marries.--R. Cumberland, _The West Indian_ (1771).

=Russet= (_Mr._), the choleric old father of Harriot, on whom he dotes. He is so self-willed that he will not listen to reason, and has set his mind on his daughter marrying Sir Harry Beagle. She marries, however, Mr. Oakly.--(See HARRIOT.)--George Colman, _The Jealous Wife_ (1761).

=Russian Byron= (_The_), Alexander Sergeiwitch Pushkin (1799-1837).

=Russian History= (_The Father of_), Nestor, a monk of Kiev. His _Chronicle_ includes the years between 862 and 1116 (twelfth century).

=Russian Murat= (_The_), Michael Miloradowith (1770-1820).

=Rust= (_Martin_), an absurd old antiquary. “He likes no coins but those which have no head on them.” He took a fancy to Juliet, the niece of Sir Thomas Lofty, but preferred his “Ænēas, his precious relic of Troy,” to the living beauty; and Juliet preferred Richard Bever to Mr. Rust; so matters were soon amicably adjusted.--Foote, _The Patron_ (1764).

=Rustam=, chief of the Persian mythical heroes, son of Zâl “the Fair,” king of India, and regular descendant of Benjamin, the beloved son of Jacob, the patriarch. He delivered King Caïcāus (4 _syl._) from prison, but afterwards fell into disgrace because he refused to embrace the religious system of Zoroaster. Caïcaus sent his son, Asfendiar (or Isfendiar) to convert him, and, as persuasion availed nothing, the logic of single combat was resorted to. The fight lasted two days, and then Rustam discovered that Asfendiar bore a “charmed life,” proof against all wounds. The valor of these two heroes is proverbial, and the Persian romances are full of their deeds of fight.

_Rustam’s Horse_, Reksh.--Chardin, _Travels_ (1686-1711).

In Matthew Arnold’s poem, _Sohrab and Rustum_, Rustum fights with and overcomes Sohrab, and finds too late that he has slain his own son.

_Rustam_, son of Tamur, king of Persia. He had a trial of strength with Rustam, son of Zâl, which was to pull away from his adversary an iron ring. The combat was never decided, for Rustam could no more conquer Rustam than Roland could overcome Oliver.--Chardin, _Travels_ (1686-1711).

=Rusticus’s Pig=, the pig on which Rusticus fed daily, but which never diminished.

Two Christians, travelling in Poland, ... came to the door of
Rustĭcus, a heathen peasant, who had killed a fat hog to celebrate
the birth of a son. The pilgrims, being invited to partake of the
feast, pronounced a blessing on what was left, which _never
diminished in size or weight_ from that moment, though all the
family fed on it freely every day.--J. Brady, _Clavis Calendaria_,
183.

This, of course, is a parallelism to Elijah’s miracle (1 _Kings_ xvii. 11-16).

=Rut= (_Doctor_), in _The Magnetic Lady_, by Ben Jonson (1632).

=Ruth=, the friend of Arabella, an heiress, and ward of Justice Day. Ruth also is an orphan, the daughter of Sir Basil Thoroughgood, who died when she was two years old, leaving Justice Day trustee. Justice Day takes the estates, and brings up Ruth as his own daughter. Colonel Careless is her accepted _amé de cœur_.--T. Knight, _The Honest Thieves_.

=Ruthven= (_Lord_), one of the embassy from Queen Elizabeth to Mary Queen of Scots.--Sir W. Scott, _The Abbot_ (time, Elizabeth).

=Rutil´io=, a merry gentleman, brother of Arnoldo.--Beaumont and Fletcher, _The Custom of the Country_ (1647).

=Rutland= (_The Countess of_), wife of the earl of Essex, whom he married when he started for Ireland. The queen knew not of the marriage, and was heart-broken when she heard of it.--Henry Jones, _The Earl of Essex_ (1745).

_Rutland_ (_The duchess of_), of the court of Queen Elizabeth.--Sir W. Scott, _Kenilworth_ (time Elizabeth).

=Rutledge= (_Archie_), constable at Osbaldistone Hall. Sir W. Scott, _Rob Roy_ (time, George I.).

_Rutledge_ (_Job_), a smuggler.--Sir W. Scott, _Redgauntlet_ (time, George III.).

=Rut´terkin=, name of a cat, the spirit of a witch, sent at one time to torment the countess of Rutland (sixteenth century).

=Ruy´dera=, a duenna who had seven daughters and two nieces. They were imprisoned for 500 years in the cavern of Montesi´nos, in La Mancha, of Spain. Their ceaseless weeping stirred the compassion of Merlin, who converted them into lakes in the same province.--Cervantes, _Don Quixote_, II. ii. 6 (1615).

=Ryence= (_Sir_), king of Wales, Ireland, and many of the isles. When Arthur first mounted the throne, King Ryence, in scorn, sent a messenger to say “he had purfled a mantel with the beards of kings; but the mantel lacked one more beard to complete the lining, and he requested Arthur to send his beard by the messenger, or else he would come and take head and beard too.” Part of the insolence was in this: Arthur at the time was too young to have a beard at all; and he made answer, “Tell your master, my beard at present is all too young for purfling; but I have an arm quite strong enough to drag him hither, unless he comes without delay to do me homage.” By the advice of Merlin, the two brothers, Balin and Balan, set upon the insolent king, on his way to Lady De Vauce, overthrew him, slew “more than forty of his men, and the remnant fled.” King Ryence craved for mercy; so “they laid him on a horse-litter, and sent him captive to King Arthur.”--Sir T. Malory, _History of Prince Arthur_, i. 24, 34 (1470).

=Rymar= (_Mr. Robert_), poet at the Spa.--Sir W. Scott, _St. Ronan’s Well_ (time, George III.).

=Ryno=, youngest of the sons of Fingal, king of Morven. He fell in the battle of Lena between the Norsemen led by Swaran and the Irish led by Fingal.

“Rest!” said Fingal; “youngest of my sons, rest! Rest, O Ryno, on
Lena! We, too, shall be no more. Warriors must one day
fall.”--Ossian, _Fingal_, v.

=Ryparog´rapher of Wits=, Rabelais (1495-1553).

⁂ Greek, _rupăros_ (“foul, nasty”). Pliny calls Pyrĭcus the painter a “ryparographer.”

=Rython=, a giant of Brittany, slain by King Arthur. (See RITHO.)

Rython, the mighty giant, slain,
By his good brand relieved Bretagne.

Sir W. Scott, _Bridal of Triermain_, ii. 11 (1813).

=Saadi= or =Sadi=, the Persian poet, called “The Nightingale of a Thousand Songs.” His poems are _The Gulistan_ or “Garden of Roses,” _The Boston_ or “Garden of Fruits,” and _The Pend Nâmeh_, a moral poem. Saadi (1184-1263) was one of the “Four Monarchs of Eloquence.”

=Saba= or =Zaba= (_The Queen of_), called Balkis. She came to the court of Solomon, and had by him a son named Melech. This queen of Ethiopia or Abyssinia is sometimes called Maqueda.--Zaga Zabo, _Ap. Damian. a Goes._

The _Korân_ (ch. xxvii.) tells us that Solomon summoned before him all the birds to the valley of ants, but the lapwing did not put in an appearance. Solomon was angry, and was about to issue an order of death, when the bird presented itself, saying, “I come from Saba, where I found a queen reigning in great magnificence, but she and her subjects worship the sun.” On hearing this, Solomon sent back the lapwing to Saba with a letter, which the bird was to drop at the foot of the queen, commanding her to come at once, submit herself unto him, and accept from him the “true religion.” So she came in great state, with a train of 500 slaves of each sex, bearing 500 “bricks of solid gold,” a crown, and sundry other presents.

=Sabbath-Breakers.= The fish of the Red Sea used to come ashore on the eve of the Sabbath, to tempt the Jews to violate the day of rest. The offenders at length became so numerous that David, to deter others, turned the fish into apes.--Jallâlo´ddin.--_Al Zamakh._

=Sabellan Song=, incantation. The Sabelli or Samnites were noted for their magic art and incantations.

=Sabine= (_The_). Numa, the Sabine, was taught the way to govern by Egĕrĭe, one of the Camēnæ (prophetic nymphs of ancient Italy). He used to meet her in a grove, in which was a well, afterwards dedicated by him to the Camenæ.

Our statues--she
That taught the Sabine how to rule.

Tennyson, _The Princess_, ii. (1830).

=Sablonnière= (_La_), the Tuilleries. The word means the “sand-pit.” The _tuilleries_ means the “tile-works.” Nicolas de Neuville, in the fifteenth century, built a mansion in the vicinity, which he called the “Hotel des Tuilleries,” and François I. bought the property for his mother in 1518.

=Sabra=, daughter of Ptolemy, king of Egypt. She was rescued by St. George from the hands of a giant, and ultimately married her deliverer. Sabra had three sons at a birth: Guy, Alexander, and David.

Here come I, St. George, the valiant man,
With naked sword and spear in han’,
Who fought the dragon and brought him to slaughter,
And won fair Sabra thus, the king of Egypt’s daughter.

_Notes and Queries_, December 21, 1878.

=Sabreur= (_Le Beau_), Joachim Murat (1767-1815).

=Sab´rin=, =Sabre=, or =Sabri´na=, the Severn, daughter of Locrine (son of Brute) and his concubine, Estrildis. His queen, Guendolen, vowed vengeance, and, having assembled an army, made war upon Locrine, who was slain. Guendolen now assumed the government, and commanded Estrildis and Sabrin to be cast into a river, since then called the Severn.--Geoffrey of Monmouth, _British History_, ii. 5 (1142).

(An exqusite[TN-142] description of Sabine, sitting in state as a queen, is given in the opening of song v. of Drayton’s _Polyolbion_, and the tale of her metamorphosis is recorded at length in song vi. Milton in _Comus_, and Fletcher in _The Faithful Shepherdess_, refer to the transformation of Sabrina into a river.[TN-143]

=Sabrina= (_Aunt_). “Grim old maid in rusty bombazine gown and cap,” whose strongest passion is family pride in the old homestead and farm which “her grandfather, a revolted cobbler from Rhode Island, had cleared and paid for at ten cents an acre.”--Harold Frederic, _Seth’s Brother’s Wife_ (1886).

=Sabrinian Sea= or _Severn Sea_, _i.e._ the Bristol Channel. Both terms occur not unfrequently in Drayton’s _Polyolbion_.

=Sacchini= (_Antonio Maria Gaspare_), called “The Racine of Music,” contemporary with Glück and Piccini (1735-1786).

=Sacharissa.= So Waller calls the Lady Dorothea Sidney, eldest daughter of the earl of Leicester, to whose hand he aspired. Sacharissa married the earl of Sunderland. (Greek, _sakchar_, “sugar.”)

=Sackbut=, the landlord of a tavern, in Mrs. Centlivre’s comedy, _A Bold Stroke for a Wife_ (1717).

=Sackingen= (_The Trumpeter of_). Werner, a trumpeter, discourses such divine music upon his instrument as gains him access to a baronial castle, the good-will of the baron and the love of Margaret, the baron’s daughter.--Victor Hugo, _The Trumpeter of Sackingen_.

=Sacred Nine= (_The_), the Muses, nine in number.

Fair daughters of the Sun, the Sacred Nine,
Here wake to ecstasy their harps divine.

Falconer, _The Shipwreck_, iii. 3 (1756).

=Sacred War= (_The_), a war undertaken by the Amphictyonic League for the defence of Delphi, against the Cirrhæans (B.C. 595-587).

_The Sacred War_, a war undertaken by the Athenians for the purpose of restoring Delphi to the Phocians (B.C. 448-447).

_The Sacred War_, a war undertaken by Philip of Macedon, as chief of the Amphictyonic League, for the purpose of wresting Delphi from the Phocians (B.C. 357).

=Sa´cripant= (_King_), king of Circassia, and a lover of Angelica.--Bojardo, _Orlando Innamorato_ (1495); Ariosto, _Orlando Furioso_ (1516).

With the same stratagem, Sacripant had his steed stolen from under
him, by that notorious thief Brunello, at the siege of
Albracca.--Cervantes, _Don Quixote_, I. iii. 9 (1605).

⁂ The allusion is to Sancho Panza’s ass, which was stolen from under him by the galley-slave, Gines de Passamonte.

_Sacripant_, a false, noisy, hectoring braggart; a kind of Pistol or Bobadil.--Tasso, _Secchia Rapita_ (_i.e._ “Rape of the Bucket”).

=Sa´dak and Kalasra´de= (4 _syl._), Sadak, general of the forces of Am´urath, sultan of Turkey, lived with Kalasradê in retirement, and their home life was so happy that it aroused the jealousy of the sultan, who employed emissaries to set fire to their house, carry off Kalasradê to the seraglio, and seize the children. Sadak, not knowing who were the agents of these evils, laid his complaint before Amurath, and then learnt that Kalasradê was in the seraglio. The sultan swore not to force his love upon her till she had drowned the recollections of her past life by a draught of the waters of oblivion. Sadak was sent on this expedition. On his return, Amurath seized the goblet, and, quaffing its contents, found “that the waters of oblivion were the waters of death.” He died, and Sadak was made sultan in his stead.--J. Ridley, _Tales of the Genii_ (“Sadak and Kalasradê,” ix. 1751).

=Sadaroubay.= So Eve is called in Indian mythology.

=Saddletree= (_Mr. Bartoline_), the learned saddler.

_Mrs. Saddletree_, the wife of Bartoline.--Sir W. Scott, _Heart of Midlothian_ (time, George II.).

=Sadha-Sing=, the mourner of the desert.--Sir W. Scott, _The Surgeon’s Daughter_ (time, George II.).

=Sæmund Sigfusson=, surnamed “the Wise,” an Icelandic priest and scald. He compiled the _Elder_ or _Rythmical Edda_, often called _Sæmund’s Edda_. This compilation contains not only mythological tales and moral sentences, but numerous sagas in verse or heroic lays, as those of Völung and Helgê, of Sigurd and Brynhilda, of Folsungs and Niflungs (pt. ii.). Probably his compilation contained all the mythological, heroic, and legendary lays extant at the period in which he lived (1054-1133).

=Saga=, the goddess of history.--_Scandinavian Mythology._