Chapter XXXII: Prologue: 1 1 (15)

Refet, 167/8, fish entrails, roe, &c.

Refett, 40/576; p. 99; ? roe, 57/839; p. 108.

Regardes, 52/756, things to look at.

Rehete, 256/171; Fr. _rehaiter_, to reuiue, reioyce, cheere vp
exceedingly; Cotgrave. ‘ranimer, réjouir, refaire.’ Burguy.

Rekles, richelees, 275, 276/6, careless.

Remelant, 178/52, remnant.

Removing from castle to castle, 188/373.

Remyssailes, 277/48, ? pieces put on; Fr. _remettre_, to com{m}it or
put vnto. Cot.
leavings. [[definition added by editor]]

Renners, 10/127, strainers; 153/27; 154/15.

Renysshe wine, 153/20, Rhenish.

Sche brouȝthe hem Vernage and Crete,
And wyne of the _Reyne_, l. 1704.
And evere sche drow hem the wyn,
Bothe the Roche and the _Reyn_,
And the good Malvesyn, l. 1415.
_Sir Degrevant_, Thornton Romances.

Repairs of castles, &c., the Receiver sees to, 197/601.

Repeat gossip and secrets, don’t, 264/78.

Replye, 199/661, fold back.

Reprove no man, 264/67.

Rere, p. 151, carve; 202/754, raise, lift up.

Rerynge, 26/399, cutting.

Resayue, 196/575, receive.

_Resceu_, 195/542, received.

Residencers, rank of, 73/1069.

Resty, 13/359, mouldy, as rusty bacon, wheat, &c., 156/6.
[[156 for 158]]

Retch not, 18/271.

Revelling, don’t be, 259/17; p. 261, l. R.

Revengeful, don’t be, 259/20; p. 261, l. V.
[[Second citation unidentified: word does not occur in _The ABC
of Aristotle_.]]

Reverence thy fellows, 279, 280/67.

Rewarde, 190/421, 418, name of the second supply of bread at table.

Rewe, A.S. _hreówan_, to rue, repent;
_hreówian_, to feel grieved, be sorry for.

Reynes, 155/14. _See_ Raynes.

Reynes, a kercher of, 169/28.

Reyse, p. 158, last line, cut off; 159/14.
‘how many bestis berith lether, and how many skyn? Alle that be ...
_arracies_, that is to say, the skyn pullyd ovyr the hed, beryth
skyn.’ Twety, in _Rel. Ant._, i. 152.

Reysons, 5/74, raisins; 152/21.

Rialte, 59/858, royalty, courtly customs?

Ribaldry, avoid, 264/76;
don’t talk, 277, 278/44.

Rice, standing and liquid, 56/827-8;
standing, 168/2.

Rich, their duty, 242/16.

Right hand, the carver’s, not to touch the food, 22/327.

Right shoulder after your better’s back, 264/85.

Right side, sleep on it first, p. 129.

Righteousness, the reward of, 182/181.

Riotous, don’t be, 259/17; p. 261, l. R.

Rise when your lord gives you his cup, 254/120.

Rise early, 266/11; 226/58.

Rising, what to do on, p. 130, 133.

River-birds, p. 165.
‘And all foules (_uolatilles_) and byrdes of water (_riuiéres_),
as ben swannes, gese, malardes, teales, herons, bytters
(_butors_), and all suche byrdes ben of nature melancolyke,
lesse neverthelesse rosted then boyled.’ _Du Guez_, p. 1071.

River water in sauce, 36/540.

Roach, 40/574; p. 98; 58/841, 849.

But in stede of sturgen or lamprons
he drawyth vp a gurnerd or gogeons,
kodlynges, konger, or suche queyse fysche
As wolwyche _roches_ that be not worth a rusche.

Piers of Fullham, l. 17-20, _E. Pop. P._, v. 2, p. 3.

Roast apples and pears, 152/26.

Roast beef; garlic its sauce, 36/536.

Roast porpoise, 166/8.

Rob, 187/327, rub.

Robe, 62/908.

_Robbe d’autruy ne fait honneur à nulluy_: Prov. No apparell can
truly grace him that owes [= owns] it not. Cotgrave, u. _Autruy._

Robes; yeomen and servants to wear, p. 216, No. vii.

Roche alum, p. 134.

Rochet, 167/5; p. 174, roach. ‘Rutilus, the Roach or _Rochet_;
a Fish.’ Phillips.

Rods, four officers to bear, 187/353.

Romney modoun, 8/96, 104; 9/116, 119; p. 86; p. 89, note 7 and 6;
152/34; 153/3, 21.

Roppes, 34/512, bowels.

Rose, coloured, 153/14, a wine?
‘Eau clairette. A water (made of Aquauite, Cinnamon, Sugar, and
old red Rose water) excellent against all the diseases of the
Matrix.’ Cot.

Rosewater, 135/2; p. 139;
after a bath, 67/985.

Roughe, 45/644, roe.

Rovnynge, 253/95, whispering.

Rounde, 269/54; Fr. _suroreiller_, to round, or whisper in the eare.
Cot.

Rownyng, 184/250, whispering.

Rub yourself every day, p. 133; p. 138, 139, 142.

Rub yourself, don’t, 275/14.

Rub your teeth, p. 133.

Rubus, a fish, p. 121.

Ruffelynge, 16/250, ruffling.

Rumbus, a fish, p. 120.

Russell, John: his _Boke of Nurture_, p. 1-83;
describes his position and training, p. 79, 81, 82.

Rybbewort, 68/992.

Ryme, 193/507 ? haste; A.S. _hrým, hrúm_ is soot; _rúm_, room, space;
_ryman_, to make room, give place, make way. Bosworth.

Ryoche, a fish, p. 121.

Sad, 276/17, steady, fixed.

Saddles, old, for yeomen, 197/613.

Sadly, 43/621, quietly?

Sadnes, 21/308, sobriety.

Saffron, capons coloured with, 161/1.

Sage, fruture, 50/708.

Salads, 8/97;
green, are bad, 152/35.
‘He that wine drinkes not after a (cold) _sallate_, his health
indangers (and does wrong to his pallate).’ Cot. See a recipe
for Salat of 14 vegetables, &c., in _The Forme of Cury_, p. 41,
No. 76.

Sale, 178/44, hall.

Salens, 166/8; p. 174, a fish.

Salere, 256/159;
saller, 200/670;
Fr. _saliere_, a salt-cellar, a table or trencher salt. Cot.

Salmon, 41/583; 57/833; p. 121; 167/10.

Salmon bellows, 50/179;
salted, 38/555.

Salmon’s belly, 55/823.

Salpa, a fish, p. 121.

Salt to be white, 4/57;
put some on your trencher, 256/161;
take it with your knife, 279, 280/65; 232/440;
don’t dip meat into it, 267/29.
_See_ Saltcellar.

Salt as sauce, p. 161-2.

Salt and wine, fresh-herring sauce, 45/645.

Salt fish and salmon, 166/30.

Salt-fish, how to serve up, p. 38-9.

Saltcellar, 14/199; 155/1, 3.

Saltcellar, dip no food into it, 256/159; 267/29; 181/129.

Salt-sellere, 4/60, salt-cellar.

Salute thy school-master and -fellows, 227/150-4.

Samoun bellows, 50/719.

_Sanguineus_ or Spring, 51/729; p. 104; 53/769, 787.

Sans, 63/922, sense, smell.

Saphire, 141/7.

Sarcell (Fr. _cercelle_, (the water-fowle called) a Teale, Cot.),
how to breke or carve, p. 163.

Sargeaunt of law, rank of, 71/1026; 73/1067.

Satchell for school-books, 226/110; 227/160.

Satin, a lord’s cloak of, 62/914.

Sauce, p. 151, carve.

Sauces for flesh, p. 35-7;
for fish, p. 56-9; 166/4;
for fowles, p. 159;
for the second course of a dinner, p. 163.

Sauerly, 26/415, as if he liked it.

Sawcere, 32/495.

Sawge, 33/501, ? sage.

Say, fruyter, 159/24; p. 173.

Sayed, 193/495, 498, tried, tasted against poison.

Sayes, 202/764, assays, tastes.

Sayntis, 183/201, saints’ shrines.

Scabiose, 69/994; p. 109.

Scandal, don’t talk, 272/99.

Scarlet, 62/914, scarlet stuff or cloth.

Schone, 196/590, shall.

Schyn, shall, 197/607.

School, boy going to, how to behave, p. 227;
what to learn at, p. 181, The Second Book.

School, go to, after dinner, 209/19.

Schrubbynge, 20/300, rub, scrub.

Schyuer, 200/692, slice; “schyvyr, _fissula_, _abscindula_.” Prompt.

Scilla, a sea-monster, p. 121.

Scissors for candle-snuff, 205/829.

Scorn no one, 253/100; 264/65.

Scorn not the poor, 268/57.

Scoring on a rod the messes for dinner, 190/407;
done to check the cook, 190/415.

Scorning to be avoided, 19/291.

Scorpion of the sea, p. 122.

Scratch yourself before your lord, don’t, 276/14.

Screen in hall, 178/28.

Screens against heat to be provided, 192/462.

Sea-bull (_focas_), p. 118.

_Seager’s Schoole of Vertue_, p. 221-43; Pref. to Russell, p. lxxviii.

Seal, 55/823; 166/13; 167/35.

Seal? (ȝele), 38/548; 39/583.

Sea-mouse, p. 119.

Sea-snails, p. 116.

Seaward, 45/642, just from the sea.

Seche, 21/315, carve certain birds?

Secrets, don’t tell ’em to a shrew, 184/245.

Seeke, 9/116, sick, (wine) out of condition.

Seew, 280/57, ? a stew; sew, _cepulatum_. Prompt.
_See_ Sewes.

Sege, 65/954, evacuating oneself; p. 63, note 2.

Seluage, 199/657, 661, edge of a table-cloth.

Semblaunt, 183/192, seeming, countenance.

Semble, 76/1140, putting together.

Semethe, 43/621, seems good to, it pleases.

Sen, 250/3, since.

Sendell, 62/914, a fine silk stuff; Fr. _cendal_. H. Coleridge.

_Seneschallus_, 194/520-1, the steward.

Sentory, 68/992, centaury.

Seneca’s advice, 238/887.

Sere, 256/164; 185/262, several, different.

Serjeant of arms, rank of, 71/1034.

Serra, a fish, p. 121. [[71 for 121]]

Seruice, 278, 277/26, food served to a person, allowance.

Servants, duties of, p. 215; 241/7.

Servants to sit at meals together, not here 4 and there 3, p. 216,
No. ix.

Server with the dishes, follows the steward, 194/532.

Service to be fairly to all, p. 217, No. xiii.

Serving at table, how to behave when, p. 229-31.

Servitors to carry dishes to the dinner-table, 49/682-3.

Set not an hawe, 8/99, value not a haw.

Sewe, p. 146; 164/31, ? stew.

Sewe, 55/819, course.

Sewere, 45/654, 657, the arranger of dishes on a table.
Du. _een opperste Tafel-dienaer_, A Master-suer, or a Stuard that
sets the courses or messes of meate on the table. Hexham.

Sewer, his duties, p. 46-7; p. 156-7.

Sewes (service, courses), on fish-dayes, p. 55.

Sewes, 154/17, stews or dishes of food?

Sewes, 33/509; 35/523, soups or stews.

Sewynge, borde or table of, 156/26, serving-up.

Sewynge of flesshe, p. 156.

Sewynge, in, 51/734, serving, course; ? not _inseuynge_, ensuing.

Shall, 169/14, _for_ shake.
_See_ Pref. p. lxxxix. l. 5.

Shame the reward of lying, 240/960.

Share with your fellows, 270/95; 277, 278/47.

Share fairly a joint gift, 183/197.

Sheets to be clean, 63/922;
to be sweet and clean, 169/14.

Shene, 198/622, fair, beautiful.

Shewethe, 45/657, arranges courses and dishes.

Shirt, a clean, 60/871; 168/22;
to be warmed, l. 25.

Shirt-collar, 226/85.

Shoes to be clean, 226/92;
servants not to wear old ones, p. 216, No. vii.

Shoeing horses, ½ a day for, 197/616.

Shoñ, shoes, 60/874; 65/961.

Shore, a-; Shaylyng with the knees togyther, and the fete a sonder,
_a eschais_. Palsgrave, p. 841, col. 2. _Fauquet_, A shaling
wry-legd fellow. Cotgrave.

Short word, the first, is generally true, 183/211.

Shovelar, Shoveller, 28/433; 37/541; p. 98, 157/6, the bird.

Show out thy visage, 279, 280/75.

Shrimps, how to serve up, 45/646-9; 52/748; 56/824; 58/850; 167/32.

Shrukkynge, 19/287, shrugging. Schruggyn, _frigulo_. Prompt.

Shyn, shall, 191/435.

Sicurly, 73/1080, surely, certainly.

Side, 16/248, breadth.

Sigh not before your lord, 19/297.

Signet, 36/535, cygnet, swanling.

Skyft, 183/198. A.S. _scyft_, division; _scyftan_, to divide.

Skyfted of, 189/402, shifted off.

Silence fittest for a child at table, 232/489.

Silent, be, 209/8;
while your lord drinks, 253/92.

Silk to be worn in summer, p. 133.

Silk garments, p. 139.

Silver, the dishes of, 202/757.

Silver given away by the almoner as he rides, 202/743.

Sinews indigestible, 24/362.

Siren or Mermaid, ‘a dedely beste,’ p. 121-2.

Sirippe, 51/733, syrup.

Sireppis, 33/509; 35/524, syrops, t.i. stews or gravies.

Siruppe, 25/397; 26/400; sauce for partridges, &c.

Sit, don’t, till bidden, 265/14; 270/89;
sit properly, 214/149;
sit down when you’re told to, 253/97;
and where you’re told, 270/91; 187/345.
_Il se peut seoir sans contredit qui se met là ou son hoste luy
dit_: Prov. He needs not feare to be chidden that sits where he
is bidden; (the like is) _Il se peut bien seoir a table quand le
maistre luy commande_: Prov. Well may he sit him downe whom he
that may sets downe.

Sixpence, the value of each mess at dinner, 190/413.

Sixpence the receiver’s fee, 197/598.

Skynnery, 64/946, skins, furs.

Skins, indigestible, 24/367;
of cloven-footed birds not wholesome, 165/28;
to be cut off boiled flesh, 165/7;
to be pared off salt fish, 38/553.

Skins the huntsman’s perquisite, 198/636.

Skirt of a man’s dress, 179/91.

Slake, appease; A.S. _slacian_, to slacken.

Slake, 31/483-4, cut.

Slander, don’t talk, 180/101.

Sleep at mid-day not wholesome, 65/952.

Sleep, how much to be taken, 130/5;
evils of too much, 226/54.

Slegh, 186/300, cunning, careful.

Sling, p. 19, note; blow your nose with and through your fingers.
‘Still in use in America.’ G. P. Marsh.

Slippers brown as the waterleech, 60/874; 67/987; 168/31.

Slutt, 42/590, awkward animal.

Smack your lips, don’t, 232/455.

Small pieces, eat, 267/37.

Smallache, 68/993.

Small birds, how to carve, 30/473.

Sneeze; turn your back to people when you sneeze, 211/61.

Smaragd (an emerald) good against falling-sickness, p. 141.

Snetyng, p. 262, l. 19, snotting, wiping your nose with your fingers.
‘Mouchement: u. A _snyting_, or wiping of the nose.’ Cot.

Sniff not too loud, 18/284.

Snite not (blow with your fingers) your nose too loud, 18/284.
‘Deux pour vn. The _Snyte_-knave; tearmed so, because two of them
are worth but one good _Snyte_.’ Cotgrave. ‘To _Snite_. To wipe,
or slap. _Snite_ his snitch; wipe his nose, i.e. give him a good
knock.’ 1796. _Dict. of the Vulgar Tongue._

Snyte or snipe, how to carve, 27/421; p. 163; 37/544; 98/2; 49/706;
p. 104; 165/3.

Snuff of candles taken away with scissors, 205/829.

Snuffers, 205/830.

Snuffle, don’t, 211/57.

Socks, 60/873; 61/894; 62/895; 65/961; 67/987; 130/12.

Socrates wiped his nose on his cap, a bad example, 210/45.

Soil the cloth, don’t, 255/147.

Solaris, a fish, p. 122.

Soles, 40/578; 50/724; p. 122; 58/841.

Soleyn, 50/709, solemn.

Solopendria, a fish, p. 122.

Somet, 194/540, summed.

Somon, 51/733, salmon.

Sops, 33/509.

Sore, 178/42, sorrow, pain.

Sorrel with goose, 164/2.

Sotelte, 202/758, dodge, way.

Sotelte, a device after each course of a dinner, 48/690; 49/702;
50/710; 52/726, 738; 52/750, 765; p. 53-54; 157/2.
Does Chaucer allude to these when speaking of the ‘excesse of divers
metis and drinkis, and namely of suche maner of bake metis and
dische metes brennyng of wilde fuyr, and _peynted and castelid
with papire_, and semblable wast, so that is abusion for to
thinke.’ _Persones Tale_, ed. Morris, iii. 299. ‘A soteltie with
writing of balads’ came at the end of the first course of
Hen. VII.’s marriage-feast in 1487. _Italian Relation_, p. 115.
Rabett sowker, in 2nd course, _ib._

Souls in purgatory, pray for, 268/30.

Sowkers, 29/457, suckling.

Sows fed with fish, p. 104, note on l. 737.

Sowse, 23/360, pickled.

Spain, tapetis or carpets of, 192/457.

Sparling, names of a, p. 99.

Sparlynge, 59/833, the fish sperling.
Fr. _esperlan_, a smelt, Cot. Spurlin, a smelt, Fr. _esperlan._
Skinner, in Prompt.

Sparrows, 28/437; 37/543; 49/706; p. 104.

Speak well of all men, 272/100.

Speaker of the Parliament, rank of, 72/1052.

Speche, 205/845, book or division of a poem.

Speech mars or makes a man, 264/81-2.

Speke, 156/17, speak of.

Spermyse chese, p. 84-5, note to l. 74.

Spiced cakes, 55/816.

Spicery, 12/171, spices; p. 91.

Spicery and store; Clerk of the Kitchen keeps the, 195/559.

Spicery, the officer of the, 46/666.

Spices, 55/813.

Spill the gravy on your parents’ clothes, don’t, 230/342.

Spill your food, don’t, 269/59.

Spit not, 18/271;
modestly, 212/101;
not over much at meals, 232/498.

Spit on or over the table, don’t, 267/43; 179/85; 167/43.
[[Citation on page 167 unidentified]]

Spit in the washing basin, don’t, 271/87;
or loosely about, 181/134.

Spit, when you do, cover your mouth with your hand, 272/117.

Spit and snite, don’t, 262/19;
when you do, tread it out, 212/107.

Splat, 40/576, split open.

Splatte, p. 151, carve.

Splaye, p. 151, carve.

Splayd, 13/186, set out; 63/928, displayed, decked.

Sponges for bathing, 66/978; 67/979-84.

Spony stele, 200/677, the spoon handle.

Spoon, don’t leave yours in the dish, 255/145.

Spoon, not to be filled full, 279, 280/59;
not to be put in the dish, 272/125;
not to stand in the dish, 179/71.

Spoon; wipe it clean, 277, 278/35;
take it out of the dish when you’ve finished, 267/42.

Spowt not with your mouth, 19/293.

Spoyle, p. 151, carve.

Spring, the device of, 53/771.

Sprottes, 167/33, sprats.

Spycery, 156/25.

Spyrre, p. 251, l. 37; A.S. _spyrian_, to track, seek, inquire,
investigate, Sc. _speir_. O.N. _spiria._

Spyrryng, p. 251, l. 39, seeking, inquiring.

Squatinus, a fish, p. 123.

Squire’s table, who may sit at, 66/1040; 169/3. [[169 for 171]]

Squirt not with your mouth, 19/293.

Squyer, his wages paid by the treasurer, 196/586.

Stabulle, 182/169, support.

Stamell, 132/5, a kind of fine worsted. Halliwell; Fr. _estamé_,
worsted. Cot.

Stammering is a foul crime, 236/708.

Stand, if you do, be ware of falling, 184/239.

Stand not still on stones, p. 132.

Stand upright, 276/16; 213/1.

_Stans Puer ad Mensam_, two English texts, p. 275-82.

Standard, 49/694, ? the chief dish at a dinner, served standing,
157/3. ‘A large or standing dish,’ says Pegge, on Sir J. Nevile’s
’a Roe roasted for Standert,’ _Forme of Cury_, p. 173, ‘for a
Standert, Cranes 2 of a dish,’ p. 174, l. 3.

Standarde, 166/12, ? chief dish of fish.

Stapulle, 72/1064, Calais.

Stare about, don’t, 252/68; 259/18; p. 261, l. S; 209/3.

State, 17/252, a grand curl-up or arrangement of a cloth or towel.

State, 17/253; p. 93, master of the house. [[83 for 93]]

States, 55/821, nobles? ‘_de twaelf Genooten ofte Staten van
Vranckrijck_, The twelve Peeres or _States_ of the Kingdome of
France.’ 1660. Hexham.

Staunche, 12/174; Fr. _estancher_, to stanch or stop the flow of
liquid. Sp. _estancar_, to stop a leak; _estanco_, water-tight.
A _stanch_ vessel is one that will hold the water in or out,
whence fig. _stanch_, firm, reliable. Wedgwood.

Staunche, 185/273, stop, stay.

Stealing dishes, to be watched against, 47/680.

Sted, 43/614, treated, served.

Steward, his duties, 194/521 (many are false, l. 522);
he sits on the dais in hall, 177/20;
carries a staff, 187/354; 188/358;
is to keep good order in hall, p. 217, No. xiii.

Stewe or bath, p. 66.

Stewed beef or mutton, 54/798.

Stewed pheasant, 48/688.

Stinking breath not to be cast on your lord, 20/302.

Stirring, don’t be too, 259/18; p. 261, l. S.

Stockdove, 25/397.

Stockfish, 39/558; p. 98; 58/845; p. 121.
‘The Icelandic fare is not more inviting than the houses. Stockfish
and butter eaten in alternate mouthfuls form the ordinary
materials of a meal. The former, however, has to be pummelled on
a stone anvil with a sledge hammer before even the natives can
bite it; and, after it has undergone this preparation, seems,
according to Mr Shepherd, to require teeth to the manner born.
The latter is made from sheep’s milk, and as it is kept through
the winter in skins, becomes “rancid beyond conception in the
early spring.”’ --_Chronicle_, Aug. 10, 1867, on _Shepherd’s
North-West Peninsula of Iceland._

Stocks, the porter keeps the, 188/362.

Stomach the body’s kitchen, 136/14-15.

Stomacher, 61/893; 168/30.

Stop strife between brothers, 185/271.

Stork; it snuffles, don’t you, 211/59.

Stork, 28/433; 49/695; 157/4. _See_ Pigmies.

Storuyn, 212/766, spoilt by cold. [[212 for 203]]

Stounde, 66/965, moment.

Straddle, don’t, 214/151.

Strangers, honour them, 171/28;
always admit, p. 217, No. xv.; share good food with them, 256/169;
the porter warns them, 188/368.

Strangers, visitors and residents, 75/1109-10.

Strawberies, 6/78; 7/82; p. 85, note to l. 81; 152/24.

Straynoure, p. 146/14, strainer.

Streets, how boys are to walk in, 227/134.

Stretch your limbs, pp. 130, 133, 138.

Strife not to be allowed in a household, p. 216, No. v.

Strive not with your lord, 183/226. _See_ Master.

Strongere, 204/801, stranger, guest.

Strye, 183/223, destroy.

Stryke, 18/280, stroke.
‘I stryke ones heed, as we do a chyldes whan he dothe well. _Je
applanie_ ... My father sayeth I am a good sonne, he dyd stryke
my heed by cause I had conned my lesson without the booke.’
Palsgrave. See also ‘I stryke softely’ and ‘I stroke ones heed,’
p. 741, ed. 1852.

Strynge, p. 151, carve.

Stuff, 42/592, 594, crab’s flesh; 167/16, a crab’s inside.

Stuff, 31/485, gravy?

Stuff your jaws, don’t, 277, 278/31.

Sturgeon, 41/583; 52/746; 58/850; p. 122; 166/16;
salt, 57/836.

Stut, 236/706, to stutter, is a foul crime.

Subjects, their duty, 242/15.

Suffrigan, 70/1013; Fr. _suffragant_, A Suffragan, a Bishops deputie.
Cot.

Sugar and mustard, the sauce for partridges, &c., 36/538.

Sugar and salt as a sauce, with Curlews, &c., 36/540.

Sugar, strewed on baked herrings, 50/722; 38/550.

Sugar candy (sugre candy, 10/139); 52/757; 135/11; p. 141; 166/18.

Summedelasse, 204/808, some deal less.

Summer, the device of, 51/739-43.

Sun, face and neck to be kept from, 132/8.

Sup not your food up lowdly, 272/127; 277/40; 278/37; 179/69.

_Supervisor_, 195/544-5, surveyor.

Suppers to be light, p. 131;
to be larger than dinners, p. 142. See the one in Sir Isumbras,
_Thornton Romances_, p. 235, &c.

Surnape, how to lay, p. 16-17; p. 92-3; 155/26;
it was the upper towel or cloth for the master of the house to wipe
his hands on after washing them when dinner was done. The sewer
to bring it after dinner, 204/809-20.

Surueynge borde, 47/675, table or dresser on which the cook is to put
the dishes for dinner.

Surveyor of the dishes for dinner, 46/672; 47/674, 676.

Surveyor, his duties, 195/545.

Suwe, 264/83; O.Fr. _seure_, _sevre_, Fr. _suivre_, L. _sequor_,
follow.

Swallow, 28/438 (the bird).

Swan, 48/688; p. 97; [[91 for 97]]
how to carve, 26/402;
to lyfte or carve, p. 161.

Swan; its sauce is chaudon, 56/535; p. 97;
its skin is to be cut off, 165/15.

Swashbucklers, hanging good for, p. 125.

Swear not, 270/75.

Swear no oaths, 277, 278/44.

Swearing, against, p. 236, cap. xi.
_See_ Ascham’s account and condemnation of it in 1545, _Toxophilus_,
p. 45, ed. Giles, and in his _Schoolmaster_, p. 131, of the
little child of four roundly rapping out his ugly oaths.

Sweet words, ware; the serpent was in ’em, 183/207.

Swenge, 96/1, beat up.

Swordfish, 41/582; p. 118;
salt, 57/836.

Swyng, p. 145, beat, whip, mix.

Syce, 192/469, candle-stick or holder;
but ‘Syse, waxe candell, _bougee_.’ Palsgrave in Halliwell.

Syde, p. 151, carve.

Syles, 200/695, strains.
See _Corrigenda_.

Sylour, 191/445, tester and valances of a bed.

Hur bede was off aszure,
With testur and _celure_,
With a bryȝt bordure
Compasyd ful clene.

_Sir Degrevant_, l. 1473-6; p. 238.
A tester ouer the beadde, _canopus_. Withals.

Symple condicions (how to behave when serving at table, &c.), p. 18;
p. 93. [[83 for 92]]

Synamome, 10/131, 136.

Syngeler, 79/1184, single.

Syngulerly, 73/1074, 1079, by itself.

Table for dinner, how the ewer and panter are to lay it, p. 199-201.

Table, how to lay and serve the, pp. 13-18;
how to wait at, p. 229, cap. iii.

Table, how to behave when sitting at, 231/423; 255/136; 263/39;
265/15; 270/94.

Table-cloth, don’t dirty it with your knife, 180/110; 272/119;
277/39; 278/40;
or wipe your teeth on it, 180/115.

Table-knife, 22/334, ? a broad light knife for lifting bread-trenchers
on to the table.

Table-knives, 152/13.

Tacches, 20/306, faults, ill manners.

Tacchis, p. 261, l. K; 258/10; tricks, ways;
tetch’e, or maner of condycyone, _mos_, _condicio_. Prompt.
He that gentyl is, wylle drawe hym vnto gentil _tatches_, and to
folowe the custommes of noble gentylmen. Caxton’s Maleore, v. i.
p. 250, ed. 1817.

Take leave of all the company after dinner, 271/91-3.

Take the best bit, don’t, 277, 278/45.

Talwijs, p. 261, l. T; 259/19;
full of slander;
A.S _tál_, reproach, blame, slander, accusation, false witness,
a fable, tale, story. Bosworth (from whom all the A.S. words are
quoted).
Du. _taalvitter_, a censorious critick. Sewel.
‘_Talu_ has for its first signification _censure_; and “_wise at
censure_,” _censorious_, is an ancient Momus.’ Cockayne.

Talk at meals, don’t, 267/51; 272/101.

Talk loud, don’t, 277, 278/30.

Talk too much, don’t, 269/58; 219/6; 279, 280/74.

Talking to any man, how to behave when, p. 235, cap. vii.; 252/64;
270/65; 275, 276/16.

Tamed, 23/345, trimmed, or ? cut down.

Tampyne, 5/68, a stopper.

Tansey, 159/26;
is good hot, 33/503.

Tansy cake, p. 96.

Tansye fryed, 161/10.

Tansey gyse, a, 52/749, a dish of tansey of some kind.

Tantablin, 96/14, a kind of tart.

Tapet, 193/484, cloth.

Tapetis, 192/457, 460, cloths, carpets, or hangings.

Tarrer, p. 5, l. 65, l. 71, an auger.
_Tarere_ por percier. _De L’Oustillement au Villain._ ed. 1833,
p. 10.
_Tarré_ ... Hauing an ouerture or hole.
_Taré_, worme-eaten, or full of holes. Cot.

Tarryours, 152/14, augers.

Tartlett, 35/521.

Tarts, 161/4; 164/29.

Tast, 63/922, test, try.

Taste every dish, 256/165.

Tastynge, 80/1195-9 (tasting or testing food, to see that there’s no
poison in it), is only done for a king, &c., down to an earl,
193/495-6.
_See_ Credence.

Tattle, don’t, 264/78.

Tayme, p. 151, cut up.

Teal, p. 164, last line; how to carve, 26/401; p. 95; p. 163.

Teal pie, 31/481.

Teeth, to be washed, 226/100;
to be kept white, 213/121;
how to keep clean, p. 134.

Teeth not to be picked at meals, 255/150; 263/54; 20/301; 232/495;
not to be picked with a knife, 277, 278/42;
or a stick at meals, 180/93.

Temper, 42/595, season, sauce;
44/636, mix.

Temper thy tongue and belly, 232/476.

Temperance is best, p. 261, l. T; 259/19.

Temporaunce, 130/4, moderate temperature.

Tenants, to be asked after, p. 218, No. xvi.

Tench, how to carve, 41/586; p. 122.

Tenche in gelly, 166/14.

Tene, 21/319, trouble.

Tene, 64/934, vex, trouble.

Tent, heed, attention.

Tent, 190/430, attend to, take charge of.

Tepet, 179/92, a man’s tippet.

Testudo, p. 123, the tortoise or turtle.

Þan, 53/785, that, which.

Thank him who gives you food, 271/92.

Þaughe, 52/761, though.

The, 263/32, thrive.

Þegre, 264/66, degree, state.

Theologicum, 87/7, the monks wine.

Think before you speak, 252/71.

Third man, never be, 185/287.

Þo, 262/5, do, put.

Thornback, 41/584; p. 99, two notes; 58/844; 167/10; 168/11.

Thorpole, 167/10.
_See_ Thurle-polle.

Three or four at a mess, 171/13; 72/1057.

Threpole, 168/8; ? thurlepolle.

Throat, don’t get food into your wrong one, or it will do for you,
180/99.

Thrushes, 28/438; 37/543; 165/3.

Thumb, don’t dip yours into your drink, 181/127.

Thurle-polle, 41/584; p. 99;
salt, 57/837.

Thye, p. 151, carve.

Tiȝt, 74/1095, draws, grows, from A.S. _teon_.

Time (a) for all things, 234/587.

Tintern, the abbot of, the poorest of all abbots, 76/1142.

Tintinalus, a fish, p. 122.

Toes, keep ’em still, 186/320.

Tome, 177/10, opportunity.

Tongue; don’t let yours walk, 232/472;
don’t poke it out and in, 212/97;
charm it, 229/284.

Tooth-picker (A.D. 1602), p. 136, p. 142;
Sp. _escarvadientes_, a tooth-picker, a tooth-scraper. 1591,
Percivale, by Minsheu, 1623.

Top crust for the lord, 139/342; p. 271. [[139 for 23]]

Torches, 193/508; 205/825.

Torn clothes to be mended, 226/102.

Tornsole, 153/25; 154/1;
Pegge says ‘Not the flower Heliotrope, but a drug. Northumb. Book,
p. 3, 19. I suppose it to be _Turmeric_. V. Brooke’s Nat. Hist.
of Vegetables, p. 9, where it is used both in victuals and for
dying.’ _Forme of Cury_, p. 38.
_See_ Turnsole.

Torrentyne of Ebrew, 9/119;
p. 90, No. 11; a sweet wine.

Torrentyne, 57/835; p. 107; the trout.
Fr. _torrentin_ is ‘Belonging to, or abiding in, torrents, or swift
and violent streames.’ Cot.
_See_ Turrentyne.

Torrentille, 38/548; p. 98, a fish. ? what.

Tortes, 193/492; p. 193, note 2, a kind of light; 193/510; 205/825;
204/note 1. [[193 for 192]]

Totter, don’t, 214/151.

Towel, don’t dirty it at dinner, 263/52.

Towel, a narrow and a broad, to wash with after dinner, 204/811.

Towel, 2 knights to hold before the lord’s sleeves, 201/713.

Towse, 53/781, ? oakum.

Trace, 46/664, way;
234/630, track, path.

Trample not with your feet, 20/299.

Transsene, p. 151, cut up.

Traunche, p. 151, cut up.

Tre, 201/701, wood.

Treasurer, his duties, 196/573-94;
he sits on the dais in hall, 177/20.

Treatablie, 230/323, distinctly.

Trencher bread, 4/56; p. 84;
to be 4 days old, 152/7.
‘Item that the _Trenchor Brede_ be maid of the Meale as it cummyth
frome the Milne.’ _Northumberland H. Book_, p. 58.

Trenchere lovis, 14/197; p. 84; 154/35; p. 157; loaves of coarse
unsifted meal;
the panter to bring in three, 200/667.

Trencher-knife, p. 22, note 2; 152/3.

Trencher, no filth to be on, 269/73;
not to be loaded with scraps, 277/48; 278/48.

Trenchers, how to be laid on table, p. 22;
four to the lord, and one a-top, 201/723;
p. 160, and the collations of the first edition.

Trestis, 204/822, trestles.

Trestuls, 189/389;
trestles, 192/464.

Tretably, 235/673, ? Fr. _traictable_, courteous, gracious, tractable,
pliant, facile, intreatable. Cotgrave.

Trete, 43/612, trouble?

Treteable, 279, 280/78;
Fr. _traictable_.

Trifelynge, 19/287, ? rocking, swaying about.

Trinity, bless oneself with, 181/149.

Trompe, the crane’s, 28/431-2; 159/5.

Trout, 40/578; 51/735; p. 123; 167/9.

True, be, in word and deed, 268/41.

Trusse, 62/898, pull.

Tunny, p. 97, note on l. 533.

Turbot, 41/583; 51/735; 167/10;
fresh, 59/852.

Turnsole, 9/123; 11/143; p. 91;
turnesole is used to make _pownas_ colour (? _pownas_, puce) in
_Forme of Cury_, recipe 68, p. 38.
_See_ Tornsole.

Turrentyne salt, 168/7.

Turrentyne, sele, 166/25; p. 174.

Tursons, p. 50, note 6.

Tuske, p. 151, carve.

Tutia, 135/10, for Tutia;
Fr. _Tuthie_: f. Tutie; a medicinable stone or dust, said to be the
heauier foyle of Brasse, cleauing to the vpper sides and tops of
Brasse-melting houses: and such doe ordinary Apothecaries passe
away for _Tutie_; although the true _Tutie_ be not heauie, but
light and white like flocks of wooll, falling into dust as soon as
it is touched; this is bred of the sparkles of brasen furnaces,
whereinto store of the minerall Calamine, beaten to dust, hath
been cast. Cotgrave.

Two at a mess, who may sit, 72/1049; 179/7; [[179 for 171]]
who, two or three, 72/1051-5;
carver is to put on, 179/9.

Two fingers and thumb, carver is to put, on a knife, 21/320; p. 157.

Two fingers, a lord to eat with, 30/467.

Twopence or threepence a day, the wages of a groom or page,
198/619-20.

Twynkelynge, 18/281, blinking.

Twyte, 256/179, hack;
‘telwyn, or thwytyn (twhytyn, twytyn). _Abseco, reseco._’ P. Parv.

Tyer, 153/21, Tyrian wine.

Tyere, p. 151, cut up.

Tymbre that fyre, p. 151, put wood on it.

Tyre, 9/119; p. 90, No. 9, a sweet wine.

Unbrace, p. 151, carve.

Unbrushen, 64/944.

Uncleanness to be abhorred, p. 140.

Uncountabulle, 195/544, not accountable to any other officer of the
household?

Uncover thy head when talking to any man, 236/722.

Undefied, 23/359, ? unqualified, unguarded against, uncooked.

Undercrust of a loaf to be cut in three, 178/39.

Undertraunche, p. 151, cut up.

Undress by the fire, p. 136;
in winter, p. 142.

Undressing described, p. 169;
and going to bed, 193/487, &c., 194/516.

Unfed, better than untaught, 236/725.

Unjoint, p. 151, carve.

Unlace, 21/315, 322; p. 151, carve (a cony); 26/410 (a capon).

Unsunken, 191/441.

Untache, p. 151, carve.

Upbrayde, 25/395, reproach.

Upper-crust of a loaf for the lord, 23/342; p. 157 at foot;
to be cut in four, 178/37.

Upright, sit, 270/93.

Upright, p. 129, with the face upwards.
“I throwe a man on his backe or _upright_, so that his face is
upwarde. _Je renuerse._” Palsgrave.

Urinal, 169/34.
_See_ Vrnelle.

Urine, retain it not, 214/145.

Usher, the duties of one, p. 69-78; p. 170-2.

Usher of the Chamber, 190/432;
his duties, 192/473 to 194/520;
he carries the smallest wand, 187/354.

Usher and marshal; all other household officers obey him, 79/1180.

Valadyne gynger, 10/132.

Valance, 191/447, hangings of a bed.

Vampeys, 61/894.

Vantage, 198/635, gain, perquisites.

Vaunte, fryter, 157/2, ? meat.

Veal, 54/807.

Veal, verjuice its sauce, 36/534.

Veele, 31/486, veal.

Velany, 178/56, abusing.

Velvet, 62/914.

_Venator_, 198/628-9, the huntsman.

Venemous, don’t be, p. 261, l. V.

Venesoun, how to carve, 25/383-91;
Andrew Borde’s opinion of, p. 94-95.

Veniable, p. 261, l. V, revengeful.

Venison, 37/542;
how to carve, 158/13.

Venison baked, 48/689; p. 101;
roast, 28/444; 49/694; 165/2.

Venison pastey, 31/489.

Venprides, 55/820. ?

Ventes, 159/13, anus; p. 162, l. 3 from foot.

Venure, 31/489, beast that is hunted.

Vewter, 198/631, fewterer; ‘in hunting or coursing, the man who held
the dogs in slips or couples, and loosed them; a dog-keeper.’
Halliwell. _Vaultre_, a mongrel between a hound and a maistiffe;
fit for the chase of wild bears and boars. Cot. ‘The Gaulish
hounds of which Martial and Ovid speak, termed _vertagi_, or
_veltres_, appear to have been greyhounds, and hence the
appellations _veltro_, Ital., _viautre_, _vaultre_, Fr., _Welter_,
Germ. The Promptorium gives “Grehownde, _veltres_,” p. 209.
Various details regarding the duties of the “foutreres,” and their
fee, or share of the produce of the chace, will be found in the
Mayster of Game, Vesp. B. xii, fol. 99, 104, b.’ Way in
_Promptorium_, p. 291.

Verjuice, 58/841, 843.

Verjuice, p. 159, 168/9, at foot.

Verjuice, the sauce for boiled capon, &c., 36/534;
for crab, 42/596;
with goose, 164/3.

Vernage, 9/118; p. 87, No. 1; 153/22.

Ryche she tham drewe
Vernage and Crete.
_Sir Degrevant_, p. 235, l. 1408, l. 1703.

Vernagelle, 9/118; p. 87, No. 2.

Viant, 33/501, ? meat.

Viaunt, fruture, 48/689, meat fritters?

Vicars, rank of, 71/1031.

Vice, avoid, 234/610.

Vilony, 265/8; 266/10, discourtesy, rudeness; p. 261, l. V.

Vinegar, 57/835; 58/847.

Vinegar as a sauce, 36/536.

Vinegar for crayfish, 43/611.

Vines, tender, with goose, 164/2.

Virtue, the first of, 232/493.

Viscount, rank of, 70/1013; 72/1049.

Vngryȝt, 202/751, undished?, not uncooked.

Vnhynde, 179/80, ungentle, uncourteous.

Vnkende, 204/816, ? unsuitably;
A.S. _uncynd_, unnatural, unsuitable.

Vnkunnynge, 252/54, want of knowledge.

Vnskilfully, without reason;
O.N. _skil_, reason.

Voider, put your scraps into it, 272/131;
one to be on the table, 230/376, 358; 231/382.
‘A Voider to take vp the fragmentes, _vasculum fragmentarium,
analactarium, vel aristophorum_.’ Withals.
Fr. _Portoire_, Any thing that helpes to carry another thing;
as a _Voyder_, Skep, Scuttle, Wheelebarrow, &c. Cotgrave.

Vomit away from company, 213/117.

Voyd, 50/716, clear.

Voydance, 262/20.
The side-note is doubtless wrong; the getting it out of the way
applies to the _snetyng_ of the line above. But see 214/145-7.

Voyder, 272/131, vessel to empty bones and leavings into.

_Vrbanitatis_, p. 262-4.

Vre, 78/1173; 236/716, custom, practice.

Vrinal, 137/15, a glass vessel in which urine could be looked at and
through.

Vrnelle, 63/926; 66/971;
Fr. _Vrinal_, an Vrinall; also, a Jordan, or Chamberpot. Cot.

Wade not too deep, 259/21; p. 261, l. W.

Wadrop, 190/429, wardrobe.

Wafers to eat, 50/715; 52/759; 55/816; 157/11; 166/19.

Wager, don’t lay with your lord, 184/227.

Wages of grooms and yeomen kept account of by the Clerk of the
Kitchen, 195/556;
of grooms and pages, 197/617-20;
paid by the Treasurer, 196/585.

Walk gently in the morning, p. 140.

Walk decently, 214/157.

Wall, don’t make it your mirror, 275, 276/11.

Walle-wort, 68/992.

Waloande, 179/63, guggling, speaking with the mouth full.

Wand, teeth not to be picked with, 180/94.

Wanhope, 3/30, despair.

Wanton laughing is wrong, 276/20.

Wantons, young, want hanging, p. 125.

Warden of a craft, 78/1160.

Wardrobe, 64/940;
is in the Usher’s charge, 193/479.

Wardrop, 196/565.

Wardropere, 193/481, keeper of the wardrobe.

Warm water to wash hands in, 62/902.

Warm your clothes in winter, p. 143.

Warming-pan, p. 136, last line.

Wash (vasshe) before going to bed, a lord does, 194/513.

Wash in summer, not winter, p. 138.

Wash on rising, your hands, 226/74;
before eating, 187/343; 265/9;
and face, 266/13;
before leaving the table, 271/84;
after meals, 257/193; p. 142.

Washing after dinner, how done, 201/713-21; 231/403-416; 257/200.

Washing directed, p. 130; p. 139.

Wastable, 13/179.

Waste not, 259/20; p. 261, l. W; 269/56.

Wate, 201/739, know.

Water, how to assay, 202/702.

Water, Ewerer to give, to all, 200/643.

Water for the teeth, W. Vaughan’s, p. 134.

Water-leech, slippers to be brown like one, 60/874.

Watery, 18/282.

Wax, all candles & morters of, 204/827-33.

Wayte, 17/265, watch; 28/436, take care.

Wayue, 186/322, glance, move, let wander.

Wearisome, 52/751.

Weldsomly, 2/17, at will.

Welke, _marceo_, to welke, _sicut flores_. _marcidus_, welked.
_emerceo_, to wax drie and welkynge. Gloss. _Reliq. Ant._ v. 1,
p. 6.

Wesselle clothes, 188/367, ? cloths, for vessells.

Weste, Richard, his _Schoole of Vertve_, referred to, p. 207;
his acrostic, p. 208.

Westminster, the Abbot of, 76/1141.

Wether or ram, p. 105, note on l. 799. [[779 for 799]]

Whale, likes harmony, p. 116. Fr. _Tinet_: m. The Whall tearmed a
Horlepoole, or Whirlepoole. Cot.

Whale, roast, how to carve, 41/581;
salt, 57/837; 168/8.

Whelk, how to carve a, 44/624.

Whelks, 52/747; 166/17. Fr. _Turbin._ The shell-fish called a
_Welke_ or Winkle. Cot.

Whene, 195/548, ? same as _cweme_, agreeable.

Whileere, 24/377, a time ago, before.

Whils, 254/133, until.

Whisper, don’t, 253/95; 269/54.

Whispering, avoid it, 184/250.

White bread, 7/92; 200/686.

White herrings, 45/642.

White payne or bread, 14/204.

Whiting, 40/575; 58/845;
how to carve, 167/6.

Whole-footed fowls, skin of, is wholesome, 165/19.

Whot, 52/757, ? white, not “hot,” as in side note: cf. blaundrelle,
50/714.

Widgeon, 165/1.

Wife, is to honour her husband, 185/267;
takes her husband’s rank, 74/1092.
On the first of June, 1582, John Wolfe paid the Stationers’ Company
8_d._ for a licence “to imprinte two ballades,” of which the
latter was “a settinge forth of the variety of mens mindes,
esteaminge rather welth with a wanton wife, then vertue in a
modeste mayde.” _Collier’s Extracts_, ii. 165. For _variety_ in
this entry, Mr Collier proposes to read _vanity_. See also the
ballad,

Faine would I have a vertuous wife
Adorned with all modestie,

in _Collier’s Extracts_, i. 162-3.

Wight, quick, nimble. Swed. _vig._

Wild, don’t be, 182/156.

Wild boar, 48/686.

Sche brouȝt fram the kychene
A scheld of a wylde swyne,
Hastelettus in galantyne.
_Sir Degrevant_, p. 235, l. 1397-9.

Wind, let it out with secresy, 214/145.

Windows of a bedroom to be shut at night, p. 129.

Wine, livery or allowance of, 205/843.

Wines, 8/109;
sweet, p. 9; p. 86-7;
the names of, p. 153.

Wing, cut under, not over, in whole-footed birds, 164/5.

Wings of smaller birds, the best bits, 27/418; 30/473.

Winter, the Device of, 52/766.

Wipe your mouth before drinking, 272/105.

Wipe your nose, don’t, 274/141.

Wise men eat the fish, 219/12.

Wisps of straw for bed-making, 191/439.

Wite, wot, know, A.S. _witan._

Withy leaves in a bath, 69/995.

Wives, the duty of, 242/9.

Wolfskin garments for winter, p. 139.

Woman (?) not to sit at a Bishop’s table, p. 216, No. x.

Woman-kind, speak never uncourteously of, 184/259.

Woman’s milk, 135/13.

Wombelonge, 29/451, belly-wise, on its belly.

Won, 197/605, supply.

Wont, 182/190, wants, fails.

Woodcock, 37/542; p. 98; 49/697; 165/1;
how to carve, 27/421; p. 163.

Woollen cloth to be brushed every week, 64/943.

Work after meals to be avoided, p. 131.

Worship God, 182/157.

Worshipfulle, sb., 45/655, worshipful person.

Worth, 272/114, estimation.

Worthier men, let them be helped first, 263/45.

Wortus, 34/517; A.S. _wyrt_, _wurt_, 1. wort, a herb, plant,
a general name for all sorts of herbs, scented flowers, and
spices; 2. a root. (Bosworth.)

Wralling, 211/60, wawling, caterwauling, ‘quarrelling or contending
with a loud voice.’ Halliwell.

Wrap bread stately, how to, 14/209; 155/10.

Wrappe, sb., 14/212, cover.

Wrappe, 14/212, wrap, cover.

Wrapper, 15/224; 155/13.

Wrast, 178/26, wresting, twist.

Wrawd, 42/590, froward.

Wrinkled, don’t let your countenance be, 210/41.

Wry not your neck askew, 19/285.

Wyn, 191/447; A.S. _wyn_, joy, pleasure.

Wyneberries, 6/78; p. 85.

Wynge, p. 151, carve.

Wynkyn de Worde’s _Boke of Keruynge_, p. 147-74.

Wynkynge, 18/282.

Wynne, 270/79; A.S. _win_, labour (not _wyn_, _win_, pleasure).

Wyt, 268/41, will.

Ȝane, 19/294, yawn; A.S. _ganian_.

Yardehok, 67/991.

Yawn not, 19/294;
when you do, hide behind a napkin, 211/82.

Y-chaffed, 61/893, warmed; Fr. _chauffé_.

Ycoruyn, 203/765, carved, cut.

Yeoman of the Crown, 71/1033.

Yeoman-usher is under the marshal, 189/383.

Yeomen in hall, 178/27.

Yerbis, 48/687, herbs.

Ȝett, 22/339, formerly ?, see l. 204.

Yȝes, 35/527, eyes.

Ygraithed, 15/225, prepared.

Ynons, 40/569; p. 98, onions.

Yn-same, 271/93, in the same way. Cut out the hyphen.

Ȝomon of chambur, 193/507.

Ȝomon-ussher, sleeps all night on the floor at his lord’s door,
194/519.

York, Archbp. of, 73/1078;
Bps. of, l. 1081.

Youth, if lawless, old age despised, 219/14.

Ypocras, how to make it, p. 9-12; p. 153.

Ypocras, 52/759; 166/19.

Ypocras to drynk, 50/715.

Yoxinge, 19/298, note 4. I _yeske_, I gyue a noyse out of my stomacke.
_Je engloute._ When he _yesketh_ next, tell hym some straunge
newes, and he shall leave it. Palsg.

Ypullished, 4/63, polished.

Yse, 81/1222, look at.

Ywys, 250/12; A.S. _gewis_, certainly.

Zole, 51/737, sole ?

ADDITIONS TO INDEX.

[Transcriber’s Note:

This page is retained for completeness. All items have been added to the main Index, marked as [[added by editor]] in double brackets.]

_Brawn of boar_: this was the first dish at dinner in Harrison’s time,
1577-87; see his _Description_ of Britain, bk. iii, ch. 1
(N. Sh. Soc.).

_Dischmetes_, 34/514.

_Galingale_: Sp. _Júncia avellanda_, _Júnca odoróso_, galingale.
--Minsheu.

_Girls_: home-education, xxv, xv, &c.

_Leche fryture_: see _Leschefrites_, _leschefrayes_, in the index to
the _Ménagier de Paris_.

_Musclade_ is Span. _mezclada_, mixture. Ital. _mescolanza_ is used,
in Genoa at least, for a fry of small fish.--H. H. Gibbs. Minsheu
has _mézela_, _méscla_ or _mezcladura_, a medlie, mingling.

_Peacock_: as to his voice, see Roberts’s _Fables Inédits_,
T. Wright’s _Piers Plowman_, ii. 548.

_Raspise_: All maner of wynes be made of grapes, excepte _respyce_,
the whiche is made of a berye.--A. Borde, _Dyetary of Wynes_,
sign. F. i.

_Remyssailes_: leavings.

* * * * *
* * * *

Errata (noted by transcriber):

Minor punctuation irregularities such as missing periods (full
stops) were silently corrected. Here and elsewhere, inconsistent
hyphenization of “Salt(-)cellar” is unchanged.

To save the repetition of _p._ and _l._ [repitition]
_Cena Domini_
[_note 189/398 printed as “95/398”: linenote 5_398 on p. 95_]
Michaelmas to Christmas, feasts from, p. 164. [Chrismas]

* * * * *
* * * *
* * * * *

[_Postscript, added after the Index had been printed._]

+Ffor to serve a lord.+

[_From the Rev. Walter Sneyd’s copy of Mr Davenport Bromley’s MS._]

[Transcriber’s Note:

In long paragraphs, sidenotes are labeled [a], [b]... Numbered sidenotes are from the original text.]

Mr Sneyd has just told me that Mr Arthur Davenport’s MS. _How to serve a Lord_, referred to in my Preface to Russell, p. lxxii., is in fact the one from Mr Sneyd’s copy of which his sister quoted in her edition of the ‘Italian Relation of England’ mentioned on pp. xiv. xv. of my _Forewords_. Mr Sneyd says: ‘I made my copy nearly forty years ago, during the lifetime of the late Mr A. Davenport’s grandfather, who was my uncle by marriage. I recollect that the MS. contains a miscellaneous collection of old writings on various subjects, old recipes, local and family memoranda, &c., all of the 15th century, and, bound up with them in the old vellum wrapper, is an imperfect copy of the first edition of the Book of St Alban’s. On Mr Arthur Davenport’s death, last September, the MS. (with the estates) came into the possession of Mr Davenport Bromley, M.P., but a long time must elapse before it can be brought to light, as the house you mention is still unfinished, and the boxes of books stowed away in confusion.’ On my asking Mr Sneyd for a sight of his copy, he at once sent it to me, and it proved so interesting-- especially the Feast for a Bride, at the end-- that I copied it out directly, put a few notes to it, and here it is.[1] For more notes and explanations the reader must look the words he wants them for, out in the Index at the end of Part II. The date of the Treatise seems to me quite the end of the 15th century, if not the beginning of the 16th. The introduction of the Chamber, p. 356, the confusion of the terms of a Carver, ‘unlose _or_ tire _or_ display,’ p. 357--enough to make a well-bred Carver faint: even Wynkyn de Worde in 1508 and 1513 doesn’t think of such a thing--the cheese shred with sugar and sage-leaves, p. 355, the ‘Trenchours of _tree or_ brede,’ l. 16, below, &c., as well as the language, all point to a late date. The treatise is one for a less grand household than Russell, de Worde, and the author of the _Boke of Curtastye_ prescribed rules for. But it yields to none of the books in interest: so in the words of its pretty ‘scriptur’ let it welcome all its readers:

“Welcombe you bretheren godely in this hall!
Joy be unto you all
that en[2] this day it is now fall!
that worthy lorde that lay in an Oxe stalle
mayntayne your husbonde and you, w{i}t{h} your gystys all!”

[I. _Of laying the Cloth and setting out the Table._]

Ffirst, in servise of all thyngys in pantery and botery, and also for the ewery. ffirst, table-clothis, towelles longe and shorte, covertours[3] and napkyns, be ordeyned clenly, clene and redy accordyng to the tyme. Also basyns, ewers, Trenchours of tree or brede, sponys, salte, and kervyng knyves.

[Sidenote: 1. Have your table-cloths and napkins ready, also
trenchers, salts, &c.]

Thenne ayenst tyme of mete, the boteler or the ewer shall brynge forthe clenly dressed and fayre applyed[3] Tabill-clothis, and the cubbord-clothe, cowched uppon his lefte shulder, laying them uppon the tabill ende, close applied[4] unto the tyme that he have firste coverd the cubbord; and thenne cover the syde-tabillis, and laste the principall tabill with dobell clothe drau{n}, cowched, and spradde unto the degre, as longeth therto in festis.

[Sidenote: 2. Bring your cloths folded, lay them on the table,
then cover the cupboard, the side-table, and the chief table.]

Thenne here-uppon the boteler or panter shall bring forthe his pryncipall salte, and iiij or v loves of paryd brede, havyng a towaile aboute his nekke, the tone half honge or lying uppon his lefte arme unto his hande, and the kervyng knyves holdyng in the ryght hande, iuste unto the salte-seler beryng.

[Sidenote: 3. Bring out the chief salt-cellar, and pared loaves,
and hold the carving-knives in your right hand.]

Thenne the boteler or panter shall sette the seler in the myddys of the tabull accordyng to the place where the principall soverain shalle sette, and sette his brede iuste couched unto the salte-seler; and yf ther be trenchours of brede, sette them iuste before the seler, and lay downe faire the kervyng knyves, the poynts to the seler benethe the trenchours.

[Sidenote: 4. Put your chief salt-cellar before the chief person’s
seat, his bread by it, and his trenchers before it.]

Thenne the seconde seler att the lower ende, with ij paryd loves[5] therby, and trenchours of brede yf they be ordeyned; and in case be that trenchours of tree shalbe ordeyned, the panter shall bryng them with nappekyns and sponys whenne the soverayne is sette att tabill.

[Sidenote: 5. Put the second salt-cellar at the lower end. If
wooden trenchers are used, bring them on.]

Thenne after the high principall tabill sette with brede & salte, thenne salte-selers shall be sette uppon the syde-tablys, but no brede unto the tyme such people be sette that fallith to come to mete. Thenne the boteler shall bryng forth basyns, ewers, and cuppis, Pecys,[6] sponys sette into a pece, redressing all his silv{er} plate, upon the cubbord, the largest firste, the richest in the myddis, the lighteste before.

[Sidenote: 6. Put salt-cellars on the side-tables. 7. Bring out
your basins, &c., and set all your plate on the cupboard.]

[II. _Of Washing after Grace is said._]

Thenne the principall servitours moste take in ij handys, basyns and ewers, and towell, and therwith to awayte and attende unto the tyme that the grace be fully saide; and thenne incontynent after grace saide, to serve water with the principall basyn and ewer unto the principall soverayne, and ij principall servitours to holde the towell under the basyn in lenght before the sovrayne; and after that the sovrayne hath wasshe, to yeve thenne water unto such as ben ordeyned to sytte at the sovrayne-is messe.

[Sidenote: 8. Let the chief servants have basins, &c., ready, and
after Grace, hold the best basin to the chief lord, with the towel
under; and then let his messmates wash.]

[III. _Of the Lord & Guests taking their Seats, & getting
their Trenchers, Spoons, Napkins, & Bread._]

Thenne after the wesshing servid, the sovrayne will take his place to sitte, and to hym such persons as hit pleaseth hym to have. uppon which tyme of sittyng, the servitorys moste diligently a-wayte to serve them of qussyons, and after that done, to make such personys to be sette at the lower messe as the principall soverayne aggrees that be convenyent.

[Sidenote: 9. The chief lord takes his seat, then his messmates
theirs; then the lower-mess people theirs.]

[a] Be it remembrid that evermore at the begynnyng of grace the covertour of brede shalbe avoyded and take away. [b] thenne the karver, havyng his napkyn at all tymes uppon his left hand, and the kervyng knyf in his right hande, and he shall take uppon the poynte of his knyf iiij trenchours, [c] and so cowche them iustely before the principall, iij lying iustely to-geder, ij under, and on{e} uppon, and the fowerth before, [d] iustely for to lay uppon salte. and the next, lay iij trenchours; [e] and soo iij or ij after her degree. [f] therto the boteler most be redy with sponys and napkyns, that ther as the trenchours be cowched, lay the spone and the napkyn therto, and soo thorowe the borde.

[Sidenote: [a] (When Grace begins, the bread cover is to be taken
away.) [b] 10. The Carver takes 4 trenchers on his knife-point,
[c] and lays them before the chief lord, [d] (one to put his salt
on,) [e] and 3 or 2 before the less people. [f] 11. The Butler
gives each man a spoon and a napkin.]

Thenne the kerver shall take into his hande on or ij loves, and bere hem to the syde-tabill ende, and ther pare hem quarter on first, and bring hym hole to-geder, and cowche ij of the beste before the sovrayne, and to others by ij or on after ther degree.

[Sidenote: 12. The Carver pares 2 loaves, lays 2 before his lord,
and 2 or 1 to the rest.]

[IV. _Of the Courses of the Dinner._]

[_First Course._]

Thenne the kerver or sewer most asserve[A] every disshe in his degre, after order and course of servise as folowith: first, mustard and brawne, swete wyne shewed therto.[7]

[Sidenote: 13. Serve brawn,]

[Textnote A: ? Assewe.]

POTAGE.

Befe and moton. swan or gese. grete pies, capon or fesaunt; leche, or fretours. Thenne yef potage be chaungeabill after tyme and season of the yere as fallith, as here is rehercid: by example, ffor befe and moton ye shall take

Pestelles or chynys of porke,
or els tonge of befe,
or tonge of the harte powderd;[8]
Befe stewed,
chekyns boylyd, and bacon.

[Sidenote: beef, swan, pheasant, fritters. As a change for beef,
have legs or chines of pork, or tongue of ox or hart.]

[_The Second Course._]

Thenne ayenste the secunde cours, be redy, and come in-to the place. [a] the kerver muste avoyde and take uppe the service of the first cours,--begynnyng at the lowest mete first,--and [b] all broke cromys, bonys, & trenchours, before the secunde cours and servise be served. [c] thenne the seconde cours shall be served in manner and fourme as ensample thereof here-after folowyng:

[d] Potage. pigge
Conye
Crane
heronsewe
betoure
Egrete
Corlewe
wodecok
Pert[r]igge
Plover
Snytys
quaylys
ffretours
leche
la{m}me stewed
Kidde rosted
Veneson rosted
heronsewe
betoure
pigeons
[e] Rabetts
[f] a bake mete
Stokke-dovys stewed
cony
telys
malard
[g] wodecok
[h] grete byrdys

[Sidenote: [a] 14. Clear away the 1st course, [b] crumbs, bones,
and used trenchers. [c] 15. Serve the Second Course: [d] Small
birds, lamb, kid, venison, [e] rabbits, [f] meat pie, [g] teal,
woodcock. [h] Great birds.]

[V. _How to clear the Table._]

After the seconde cours served, kerved, and spente, hit must be sene, [a] cuppys to be fillid, trenchours to be voyded. thenne by goode avysement the tabill muste be take uppe in manner as folowith:--first, when tyme foloweth,[B] [b] the panter or boteler muste gader uppe the sponys; after that done by leyser, the sewer or carver shall be-gynne at the loweste ende, [c] and in order take uppe the lowest messe; after the syde-tabill be avoyded and take uppe, and thenne to procede to the Principall tabill, and ther honestly and clenly avoyde and withdrawe all the servise of the high table. [d] ther-to the kerver muste be redy, and redely have a voyder to geder in all the broke brede, trenchours, cromys lying upon the tabill; levyng none other thyng save the salte-seler, hole brede (yf any be lefte), and cuppys.

[Sidenote: [a] 16. Fill men’s cups and remove their trenchers.
[b] 17. Collect the spoons. [c] 18. Take up the lowest dishes at
the side-tables, and then clear the high table. [d] 19. Sweep all
the bits of bread, trenchers, &c., into a voyder.]

[Textnote B: ? aloweth]

[Transcriber’s Note:

In the following paragraph, [**] represents a hand-drawn symbol that could not be identified. It is not explained in the editor’s notes.]

[VI. _How to serve Dessert._]

After this done by goode delyberacion and avysement, the kerver shall take the servise of the principall messe in order and rule, begynnynge at the lowest, and so procede in rule unto the laste,[9] [a] and theruppon the kerver to have redy a voyder, and to avoyde all man{er} trenchours [&] broke brede in a-nother clene disshe voyder, [b] and cromys, which with the kervyng-knyf[10] shall be avoyded from the tabill, and thus p{ro}cede unto the tabill be voyded. [c] Thenne the kerver shall goo unto the cuppebord, and redresse and ordeyne wafers in to towayles of raynes or fyne napkyns which moste be cowched fayre and honestly uppon the tabill, and thenne serve the principall messe first, and so thorowe the tabill .j or ij yf hit so requere: [d] therto moste be servid swete wyne [**] and in feriall[11] tyme serve chese shraped with sugur and sauge-levis,[12] or ellis that hit be faire kervid hole, or frute as the yere yeveth, strawberys, cherys, perys, appulis; [e] and in winter, wardens,[13] costardys roste, rosted on fisshe-dayes with blanche pouder, and so serve hit forth [**] [f] Thenne aftur wafers and frute spended, all maner thinge shalbe take uppe and avoyded, except the principall salt-seler, hole brede, and kervyng-knyves, the which shalbe redressed in man{er} and fourme as they were first sette on the table; the which, [h] principall servitours of the pantre or botery, havyng his towaile, shall take uppe, and bere hit into his office in like wyse as he first brought hit unto the Tabill.

[Sidenote: [a] 20. Take away the cups, &c., from all the messes,
putting the trenchers, &c., in a voyder, [b] and scraping the
crumbs off with a carving-knife. [c] 21. Serve wafers in towels
laid on the table, [d] and sweet wine. In holiday time serve
cheese, or fruit; [e] in winter, roast apples. [f] 22. Clear away
all except the chief salt-cellar, whole bread, and carving-knives;
[g] take these to the pantry.]

[VII. _How the Diners shall wash after Dessert._]