Chapter VI: Two Queens and Two Pretenders

Dom Miguel usurps the throne of Portugal--Dom Pedro
prepares to reconquer his daughter's kingdom--Ferdinand VII.
marries Maria Christina--The Salic Law of Spain repealed--Birth
of Isabella--Stratford Canning at Madrid--Napier destroys the
Miguelite fleet--Great Britain recognizes Maria II. as Queen
of Portugal--Death of Ferdinand VII.--France and England
acknowledge the sovereignty of Isabella--Don Carlos and Dom
Miguel--Negotiations in London--Quadruple Treaty--Capitulation
of the two Pretenders--Don Carlos returns to Spain--Scope
of Quadruple Treaty enlarged--Palmerston's policy in the
Spanish question--Views and secret leanings of Louis
Philippe--Zumalacárregui--The Whigs dismissed--Wellington
at the Foreign Office--Eliot sent to Spain--Louis Philippe
refuses to take part in the negotiation--Palmerston again
at the Foreign Office--The Queen Regent appeals to France
for help--The Spanish legion--The Decree of Durango--Louis
Philippe refuses to protest--French intrigues at Lisbon--The
_Moderados_ and the _Progressistas_--Advice given to Christina
by Mr. Villiers--No vigilance maintained on the French
frontier--Mendizabal and the British minister--The secret
divulged--Threatening language of the Duc de Broglie--British
government declines Mendizabal's proposal--Palmerston's
counter-proposal--Plans of M. Thiers--Talleyrand and
England--Death of Zumalacárregui--Palmerston proposes that the
French should enter Spain--Mendizabal dismissed--Military
revolution in Spain--Scene at the Palace of La
Granja--Resignation of Thiers--The "No mention" incident--Why
Don Carlos retreated from before Madrid--Dissensions among
the Carlists fomented by Villiers--Palmerston's suspicions of
Louis Philippe--Muñagorri--Reasons which compelled Maroto to
bring the war to an end--Soult--The Convention of Bergara--Don
Carlos driven across the frontier--Cabrera and España--The
Municipal Bill--Espartero--Christina and Espartero--Abdication
of Christina 171-218