Chapter VI: Part C: deals with aero-engines. It is mainly remarkable--in comparison (4)

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Owing to changes in names, or owing to two names getting supplied to one ship, confusion frequently exists as to the names of the Astra dirigibles. The correct list is as follows:--

1. Part of the LEBAUDY 1903
2. VILLE DE PARIS 1906
3. VILLE DE BORDEAUX 1908
4. VILLE DE NANCY 1909
5. Russian Military dirigible, KOMMISSIONNY,}
originally known as CLEMENT-BAYARD I} 1909
6. COLONEL RENARD 1909
7. ASTRA-TRANSAERIENNE-VILLE DE PAU-VILLE}
DE LUCERNE[C] } 1909
8. ESPANA (Spanish Military) 1909
9. VILLE DE BRUXELLES 1910
10. LIEUT. CHAURE (French Military) 1911
11. ADJUTANT REAU (French Military) 1911
12. ECLAIREUR CONTE (French Military) 1912
13. TRANSAERIENNE II 1912
14. ASTRA-TORRES I 1911

The general features of the _Astra_ class are: Non-rigid, weights distributed by means of a long girder hung under the gas bags, a long nacelle, and inflated stabilising shapes at the rear end of the balloon.

The _Astra-Torres_ type are also non-rigid, but of trefoil section with a short nacelle.

The Compagnie Generale Transaerienne was first established in 1909 with _Transaerienne I_, and during the summers 1909, 1910 and 1911, this ship made a total of 273 ascents, carried 2590 passengers, and voyaged 7990 kilometres.

The Astra firm has dirigible hangers at Issy, Pau, Meaux, and Reims. Its constructional capacity is sufficient to build six dirigibles at any one time.

"ASTRA I-TRANSAERIEN-VILLE DE PAU-VILLE DE LUCERNE" (1909).

~Maximum length,~ 197 feet (60 m.) ~maximum diameter,~ 40 feet (12.20 m.) ~volume,~ 158,000 c. feet (4,475 m cubed.)

~Total lift.~--Just over 7 tons=15,763 lbs. (7,150 kgs.) ~Useful lift,~ lbs. ( kgs.)

~Gas bags.~--Continental rubbered fabric, yellow.

~Motor.~--One 90-100 C. Bayard.

~Speed.~--27 m.p.h. (43 k.p.h.)

~Propellers.~--One.

COLONEL RENARD. Military (1909).

~Maximum length,~ 213 feet (65 m.) ~maximum diameter,~ 35 feet (10.50 m.) ~volume,~ 145,000 c. feet (4,200 m cubed.)

~Total lift.~--9,921 lbs. (4,500 kgs.)=about 4-1/2 tons.

~Gas bags.~--Yellow coloured rubber proofed Continental fabric.

~Motor.~--One 110 h.p. 4-cylinder Panhard.

~Speed.~--29 m.p.h.

~Propellers.~--1, at the front end of the car. "Integrale."

~Steering.~--Elevators.

Remarks.--The two side stabilising shapes are duplicated, as they were in the _Ville de Paris_. A webbing stretched on steel tubes is introduced between the inner edges of the 4 main stabilising shapes to provide extra stabilising surface.

Note.--An elevator aft has since been added.]

Improved _Col. Renard's_ are:--

LIEUT. CHAURE. Military (1911).

ADJUTANT REAU. Military (1911)

TRANSAERIEN II (1911).

Particulars of these are as follows:--

Notes.--All have 1 propeller forward of 6 m. diameter, and 2 aft of 3.70 m. The _Lieut. Chaure's_ empeunage is by ballonets; in the other two a cellular system and automatic stabilisation are the special feature.

+----------------------------------------------------------+
| |
| Appearance practically the same as for _Colonel Renard_. |
| |
+----------------------------------------------------------+

ECLAIREUR CONTE. Military. (1912)

Nominal volume, 6,500 m cubed.

~Length,~ 213 feet (65 m.) ~diameter,~ 46 feet (14 m.) ~volume,~ 234,500 c. feet (6,640 m cubed.)

~Ballonets.~--Volume, 71,770 c. feet (2,032 m cubed) empeunage: cellular.

~Nacelle.~--Length, 115 feet (35 m.) Breadth, 5-1/2 feet (1.60 m.) Height _about_ 6 feet (2-1.50 m.)

~Motor.~--2 Chenu, 80 h.p. Hele-Shaw clutch.

~Speed.~--_About_ 28 m.p.h. (43-45 km.p.h.)

~Propellers.~--2 central aft, each of 4 m. (13 feet) diameter. 650 r.p.m.

~Empeunage.~--Cellular, Stabilisation automatic.

Notes.--In this type the usual Astra style, rear of gas bag, is entirely done away with. Surface of each elevator is 18m squared, of the rudder 33m squared. There are 2 petrol reservoirs, each of 180 litre capacity.

~Weights.~

lbs. (kgs.)
Crew 838 (380)
Details 1367 (620)
Tools, etc. 220 (100)
"Lest d'altitude" 2205 (1000)
" securite 661 (300)
---- ------
Total 5291 (2400)

ASTRA-TORRES I.

~Length,~ 157 feet (47.72 m.) ~diameter,~ 33 feet (10 m.) ~volume,~ 68,150 c. feet (1,930 m cubed.)

~Ballonets.~--Volume, 11,300 c. feet (320 m cubed.)

~Nacelle.~--Length, 18 feet (5.50 m.) Breadth, 5 feet (1.50 m.) Height, 6-1/2 feet (2 m.)

~Useful lift.~--1,219 lbs. (553 kgs.)

~Motor.~--1 Chenu, 55 h.p., at 1,380 r.p.m. Clutch, Ruban.

~Speed.~--31 m.p.h. (50 km.) ~Endurance~ _about_ 5 hours.

~Propeller.~--1 in rear of nacelle. Diameter, 14-3/4 feet (4.50 m.)

Notes.--The special feature of this type is that it is constructed in three lobes, two below and one above. This particular ship is merely experimental, and is known as a "Vedette." Three models of it are to be obtained, (1) this 55 h.p. of 1,930 m cubed. volume. (2) a 75 h.p. of 2,000 m cubed. nominal volume. (3) a 110 h.p. of from 3,000-3,500 m cubed. volume. This latter is designed to have two propellers instead of one.

Larger editions of the type are also projected as follows:--

~"Scouts:"~ 4500-6300 m cubed. of 200 h.p. (2 motors.)
~"Transaeriens:"~ 7,000-8,000 m cubed. of 400 h.p. (2 motors.)
~"Dreadnoughts:"~ 12,000 m cubed. or so, of 750 h.p. (4 motors.)

=CLEMENT-BAYARD CLASS.=

Usines Clement-Bayard, 33, quai Michelet, Levallois-Perret (Seine).

These dirigibles closely resemble the _Astra_ class in some main particulars; but (excepting _I_) differ from them in the sharp sterns and absence of stabilisers on stern.

The ships of this class are:--

1 CLEMENT-BAYARD I (Kommissionny) Russian Military
2 " II British Military (wrecked)
3 "
4 " IV (_Adjutant Vincennot_) French Military
5 " V (_Fleurus_) "
6 " VI Private
7 " VII French Military (_building_),
To be of 17,000 m cubed.

ADJUTANT VINCENNOT. Military. (1911.) (Clement-Bayard IV.)

~Maximum length,~ 251 feet (76.50 m.) ~maximum diameter,~ 43 feet (13.22 m.) ~volume,~ 7,500 m cubed.

~Total lift.~--Nearly 8 tons (8,000 kgs.) ~Useful lift,~ 2-3/4 tons (2717 kgs.)

~Gasbags.~--Continental rubbered fabric. Weight, 380 grammes per m squared. Strength 1,000 kg. per metre. Leakage under 10 litres per m squared per 24 hours.

~Motors.~--2 Clement motors, 4-cylinder, of 130 h.p., each placed on either side of the motor space.

~Speed.~--35 m.p.h. (56 km.)

~Propellers.~--2 Chauviere. Diameter, 19-3/4 feet (6 m.) Placed one on either side of the motors, well above the level.

~Steering.~--Vertical steering by means of a treble horizontal rudder over the rear end of the car. Horizontal steering by means of 2 vertical rudders placed one on each side of the rear horizontal rudder.

Remarks.--The feature of this _C.B._ type, which distinguishes it from the Astra ships of about the same size, is the arrangement of the propellers and the use of a 2 speed gear in connection with these. Normally each motor drives its own propeller through two sets of gearing connected by a Cardan shaft. On stopping one motor, the stopped motor is unclutched from its propeller shaft, which is then connected up by chain drive to the opposite shaft. The running motor is then put on to a "low gear," so that it can make the revolutions necessary for obtaining full power, while the propellers run slower than before. The ratio of "low gear" to "high" is 2 to 1, so that a single motor will be running under its best conditions when well throttled down.

A sister, _C. Bayard II_ was sold to the British Army, and wrecked or dismantled, 1911.

LIST OF WEIGHTS.

kgs.
Gas bag 1,350
Valves (4) 45
Suspension 195
Girder (complete with fittings)
Bow portion (6 m. long.) 128
Engine room (2.5 m.) 1,390
Bridge and passenger space (12 m.) 957
After part (18 m.) 182
Raised tail (4.5 m.) 63
2 Propeller brackets 378
2 Propellers 230
Rudders 150
Water 140
Trail ropes 75
-----
Total 5,283
Lift 8,000
-----
Balance, for ballast fuel, oil, crew 2,717

FLEURUS. Military. (C.B. V.) (1912.)

C. BAYARD VI. (Private.) (1913.)

These two are slightly smaller sisters of the _Adjutant Vincennot_.

=LEBAUDY CLASS.=

Ateliers Lebaudy Freres, Moisson, par La Roche-Guyon (Seine-et-Oise).

~DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERISTICS:~

The cars are short and suspended from a long keel which is suspended close up to the gas bag, and is mostly covered in with fireproof canvas.

The rear end of the keel is expanded into fixed vertical and horizontal fins, and carries a vertical and a horizontal rudder.

The rear end of the gas bag is fitted with thin fixed planes (compare with the pear shaped or tubular fins of the "Astra" class).

The cars are provided underneath with an extraordinarily strong conical structure, which takes the shock of striking the ground and distributes it over the whole car.

Aeroplanes are now fitted, one each side of the keel, well forward.

Ships of this class which have been built:--

~LEBAUDY I~ ~French Military Airship.~ Rebuilt 1909 into _Lebaudy II_. } now
1. ~LEBAUDY II~ " " Original _Lebaudy I_ rebuilt. ~Known as~ _Le Jaune_.} discarded
2. ~PATRIE~ Lost in a storm.
3. ~REPUBLIQUE~ ~French Military Airship.~ Wrecked Autumn, 1909.
4. ~LA RUSSIE~ ~Sold to Russian Government.~ Now _Lebed_.
5. ~LIBERTE~ ~French Military Airship.~
6. ~CAPITAINE MARECHAL~ " "
7. ~"MORNING POST"~ ~British Military.~ (_Lebaudy III._) Wrecked 1911
8. ~LIEUT. SELLE DE BEAUCHAMP.~ ~French Military Airship.~
9. New ship of 17,000 m cubed building. " "

To Lebaudy designs:--

~ONE~ ~Austrian Military Airship.~

----------------------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------
| | ~CAPITAINE~ | ~SELLE DE~ | New ship.
Name | ~LIBERTE~ | ~MARECHAL.~ |~BEAUCHAMP.~ | _Building._
Date | ~1909.~ | ~1911.~ | ~1911.~ | ~1913-14.~
Service | Military. | Military. | Military. | Military.
----------------------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------
~Volume~ c. feet (m cubed)| 4800 | 7500 | 8000 | 17,000
~Length~ feet (m.)| 220 (67) | 279 (85) | 292 (89) |
~Diameter~ feet (m.)| 35-1/2 (10.80) | 42 (12.80) | 48 (14.00) |
{fabric | Lebaudy | Lebaudy | Lebaudy |
~Gasbags~ { | | | |
{ballonets | 1 | ... | ... |
{total tons| 4-1/2 | ... | 9 |
~Lift~ { | | | |
{useful tons| ... | ... | ... |
~Motors~ h.p.| 1--135 Panhard | 2--80 Panhard | 2--80 Panhard |
{number | 2 wood | 2 wood | 2 wood |
~Propellers~ {blades | 2 | 2 | 2 |
{diam. feet (m.)| ... | 16-1/2 (5) | 16-1/2 (5) |
~Speed~ max. m.p.h. (km.)| 31 (50) | 28 (45) | 28 (45) |
~Endurance~ hrs.| ... | ... | ... |
~Complement~ | ... | ... | 5 |
----------------------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------

=ZODIAC CLASS.=

Societe francaise de ballons dirigeables et d'aviation, Zodiac, 10 route du Havre, Puteaux (Seine).

These dirigibles were intended primarily for private pleasure purposes. Consequently they are designed to fly when filled with coal gas if necessary.

Every effort is made to render them easily transportable; the long girder frame by which the weight is distributed is made to take to pieces.

It is held in France that numbers of this class of vessel would form an invaluable asset in time of war, as each could be transported in a single cart, filled with a very few bottles of hydrogen, and when so filled could man[oe]uvre for some 6 hours at a speed which compares favourably with that of the standard types.

When the service of reconnaissance was performed, the vessel could be packed up and sent out of harm's way in an hour, whereas this could scarcely be done with a larger vessel on account of the quantity of hydrogen that would be required if it had to be filled afresh for each service. The mooring of an airship in the open during war requires such an amount of preparation and attention as to be a serious drawback to the alternative plan of keeping such vessels unfilled, while the sending of an airship back to its distant shed on each occasion means doubling the work that the ship is called upon to perform.

Ships of class are:--

1. ZODIAC I (_Petit Journal_)
2. " II (_De la Vaulx_)
3 " III
4 " IV Dutch Military
5. " V South American (private)
6. " VI Sold to United States
7 " VII Sold to Russian Army
8. " VIII " "
9. " IX (_Le Temps_) French Army
10. " X (_Capitaine Ferber_) "
11. " XI (_Commandant Coutelle_) "
12. " XII (_Spiess_) " (rigid)

ZODIAC III.

~Maximum length,~ 134 feet (40.8 m.) ~maximum diameter,~ 28 feet (8.5 m.) ~volume,~ 1,400 m cubed.

~Total lift.~--1-1/2 tons (1,540 kgs.) ~Useful lift,~ lbs. ( kgs.)

~Gas bags.~--Light continental rubbered fabric.

~Motor.~--Ballot, 4-cylinder, 40-45 h.p., 1,200 r.p.m.

~Speed.~-- m.p.h. (45 km.p.h.)

~Propellers.~--Driven at 600 r.p.m. Integral type, 12-1/4 feet (3.75 m.) in diameter. Pitch, 6-1/2 feet (2 m.) in rear of the car.

~Steering.~--Vertical balanced rudder in rear of the vertical fin, under the rear of the gas bag. Double elevator above the fore end of the car. Horizontal fins of material spread on iron frames on either side of the rear end of the car.

Remarks.--The car consists of a 130 feet (40 m.) long wooden girder, which can be divided into 4 separate parts of 13 feet (4 m.) each. The suspension is by steel wires fitted with adjusting screws at the lower ends and toggles at the upper ends, by which they connect to the crows' feet which are sewn to the suspension strips.

DETAILED WEIGHTS OF _ZODIAC III._

kgs. lbs.
Gas bag (_including_ ballonet) 330 727-1/2
Valves 12 26-1/2
Suspension wires and gear 15 33
Tail fins 24 53
Horizontal rudder 10 22
Vertical rudder 10 22
Girder car 168 370-1/4
Motor (_including_ pump, magneto,
lubricating gear, etc.) 275 606-1/4
Motor bearer and gear 22 48-1/2
Petrol tank 10 22
Radiator 25 55
Reduction gearing 12 26-1/2
Shafting 15 33
Fan 9 20
Steering gear 5 11
Water 8 17-3/4
Petrol 20 44
Miscellaneous: 4 men 300 661
--- ---
Total 1,270 2,800 _about_
Ballast 270 595
----- -----
Total weight 1,540 Total lift 3,395

LE TEMPS. Military. (_Alias ~ZODIAC IX.)

~Maximum length~, 164 feet (50.25 m.) ~maximum diameter~, 29-1/2 feet (9 m.) ~volume~, 81,250 cubic feet (2,300 m cubed.)

~Total lift.~--

~Gas bag, etc.~--2 ballonets, each of 257 m cubed.

~Motor~.--Dansette-Gillet. 60 h.p.

~Propellers~.--2, chain driven, one on either side of car.

~Speed.~--

~Steering.~--Elevator in _nacelle_ amidships. Rudder aft.

Remarks.--

CAPITAINE FERBER. Military. (_Alias ~ZODIAC X.)

~Maximum length,~ 249-1/3 feet (76 m.) ~maximum diameter,~ 40-1/2 feet (12.36 m.) ~volume,~ 6,000 m cubed.

This ship has 2 ballonets of 650 m cubed. each, and a car 35x13x2 m., made up of 5 sections. 2 ~motors~. Dansette-Gillette, 90 h.p., each actuating 2 propellers (4-bladed), geared to 500 r.p.m. Carries petrol for 15 hours work. Completed 1911.

COMMANDANT COUTELLE. Military. (ZODIAC XI.)

+-------------------------------+
| |
| (Enlarged _Captaine Ferber_.) |
| _Building._ |
| |
+-------------------------------+

~Maximum length,~ 292 feet (89 m.) ~maximum diameter,~ 46 feet (14 m.) ~volume,~ 9,000 m cubed.

~Gas bags, etc.~--2 ballonnets, each 45,900 c. feet (1,300 m cubed.)

~Nacelle.~--Nickel steel in 5 sections. Length, 131-1/4 (40 m.) Width, 4-1/2 feet (1.30 m.) Hung 16-1/2 feet (5 m.) below the balloon. Pilot in centre. Carries a total crew of six, petrol and oil for 15 hours' continuous work at full power.

~Motors.~--2, each of 190 h.p.=total of 380 h.p. Placed one at either end of the nacelle.

~Propellers.~--4, of 15 feet (4.50 m.) diameter. Two geared to each motor to half engine speed.

~Speed~ (expected).--37 m.p.h. (60 k.p.h.)

ZODIAC XII. Rigid. Military. (SPIESS.)

~Maximum length,~ 341 feet (104 m.) ~maximum diameter,~ 42-3/4 feet (13 m.) ~volume,~ 11,000 m cubed.

~Gas bags.~--Sections 11. Number of cylindrical sections 8. Number of sides to polygon 14.

~Motors.~--Two 6-cylinder 200 h.p. in each nacelle, each driving 2 propellers of 15 feet (4.50 m.) diameter.

~Speed.~ (expected)--40 m.p.h. (65 k.p.h.)

GERMAN.

(By our special German editor.)

~Aerial Journals:--~

_Deutsche Luftfahrer Zeitschrift fur Luftschffahr_ Berlin, W.
(Fortnightly).

_Allgemeine Automobil Zeitung_, Berlin (Weekly).

_Automobil Welt_, Berlin (Thrice Weekly).

_Das Deutsche Auto_, Munich (Weekly).

_Die Luftflotte_, Berlin (Monthly).

_Internationale Revue fuer Autowesen & Aviatik_, Leipzig
(Fortnightly).

_Flugsport_, Frankfurt (Fortnightly).

_Motor_, Berlin (Monthly).

_Der Motorwagen_, Berlin (Thrice Monthly).

_Monatshefte der Reichsfliegerstiftung_, Charlottenburg (Monthly).

_Zeitschrift fuer Flugtechnik & Motorluftschiffahrt,_ Berlin
(Fortnightly).

~Private Flying Grounds~ (Military see further on):--

~Adlershof,~ Teil des Flugfeldes Johannisthal (_Wright_ School).

~Bork,~ Post Brueck in der Mark (_Mars_ School).

~Burg bei Magdeburg~ (_Schulze_ School).

~Darmstadt~ (Truppenuebungsplatz).

~Dotzheim bei Wiesbaden.~

~Frankfurt a.M.~ (_August Euler_).

~Fuehlungen bei Koeln~ (Koelner Club fuer Flugsport).

~Garching b. Muenchen~ (_Hoffman-Harlan_).

~Griesheim b. Frankfurt a.M.~ (Frankfurter Flugsport-Club &
Flugtechn. Verein).

~Habsheim b. Muelhausen i.E.~ (_Aviatik_).

~Hainberg b. Nuernberg~ (Flugtechn. Ges. Nuernberg-Fuerth).

~Hamburg~ (_Grade_).

~Holten. Niederrh. Verein f.L.~ (_Hilsmann_).

~Johannisthal b. Berlin~ Flugschule _Albatros, Dorner, Harlan,
Fokker, Luftverkehrs-ges. m.b.H., _Rumpler & Wright_.

~Kitzingen in Bayern,~ 1911 (Hildebrand & Schroth).

~Lindenthal b. Leipzig.~ (School for Deutschen Flugzengwerke).

~Loddenheide b. Muenster.~

~Meerheimb b. Koeln.~

~Milbertshofen b. Muenchen~ (Dr. Wittenstein).

~Neuenlande b. Bremen~ (_Mueller-Aviatik_, Bremer v.t.L.)

~Niederwalluf,~ 1911 (_Goedecker_).

~Oberwiesenfeld bei Muenchen~ (_Gustav Otto_).

~Puchheim b. Muenchen.~

~Reichenberg-Boxdorf b. Dresden.~

~Schneverdingen~ (_Oertz_).

~Schulzendorf b. Berlin~ (_A.E.G._)

~Strassburg i.E.,~ "Polygon" (E.E.C. _Mathis_).

~Suechteln.~

~Teltow bei Berlin.~

~Velten bei Berlin~ (_A.E.G._)

~Wandsbek,~ Exerzierplatz, 1911 (_Rumpler_ und Jordan).

~Weimar~ (_Wright_).

~Wustenbrand b. Chemnitz~ (Flugtechn. Ges. in Chemnitz).

~Zahlbach b. Mainz~ (School for Aut. & Flugtechnik).

~Aerial Societies:--~

Aachener V. f. L. Aix la Chapelle.

Aero Club (Imperial), 3, Nollenderfplatz, Berlin. Sec.: H. Von
Frankenberg und Ludwigsdorf.

Akademie fuer Aviatik, Munich.

Allgemeiner Deutscher Automobil Club, Munich.

Anhaltischer V. f. L. (E. U.) M. Antoineatten str. 22a, Dessau.

Augsburger Verein fuer Luftschiffahrt, Augsburg.

Automobil-und Flugtechnische-Gesellschaft (E. V.) Nurnberger Platz
5, Haupyverein Berlin, Hochster Str. 1, Bezirksverein Frankfurt a.
M, Neuer Wall 44, II, Hamburg.

Bayerischer A. K. Munich.

Berliner V. f. L., Berlin.

Bilterfeldt V. f. L., Bilterfeld.

Braunschweigische V. f. L.

Breisgau V. f. L., Freiburg.

Bremer V. f. L. (E. V.) N. W., Obernstr, 52/54 I, Bremen.

Bromberger V. f. L. (E. V.) O, Gasanstalt, Bromberg, Stadt.

Chemnitzner V. f. L.

Deutsche Touring Club, Munich.

Deutscher Luftflotten Verein, Mannheim.

Dusseldorfer Luftdahrer-Klub (E. V.) W. Dusseldorf, Breite Str. 25,
I.

Erfurter V. f. L. (E. V.) M. Dalversweg 24, Erfurt.

Flugverein Neustadt a. d. Haardt, S. W., Neustadt, I.

Flugzeugkonvention des V. D. M. L., Potsdamer Str. 121 H, III,
Berlin W.

Frankfuerter Flugsport-Club (E. V.) Neue Mainzer Str. 76, Frankfurt
a. M.

Frankfurter Flugtechn, Verein (E. V.) Bahnhofplatz 8, Frankfurt a.
M.

Frankfurter V. f. L. (E. V.) S. W. Kettenhofweg 136, Frankfurt, a.
M.

Frankischer V. f. L. (E. V.) S. Kurschnerhof 6, Wursburg.

Hamburger V. f. L. (E. V.) N. W., 36, Colonnaden 17-19, Hamburg.

Hannoverscher V. f. L. (E. V.) N. W., Lortzingstr. 6, Hannover.

Hereforder Verein fur Lufthahrt, Bahnhofplatz, Alfermann, Herford.

Hildesheimer V. f. L., Hilkesheim, Lucienvorder str. 22.

Kaiserlicher Aero-Club, K. Nollendorfplatz 3, Berlin W.

Kaiserlicher Automobil-Club, K, 9 Leipzigerplatz 16, Berlin W.

Karlsruher Luftfahrt-Verein (E. V.) S. W., Bachstr, 28, Karlsruhe.

Kolner Club, f. L. (E. V.) W. Bischofsgartenstr. 22, Koln.

Koniglich Bayerischer Automobil-Club, B. Brienner str. 5 I,
Munchen.

Koniglicher Sachsischer V. f. L. (E. V.) Sa, Ferdinandstr. I,
Dresden.

Kurhessischer V. f. L. (E. V.) S. W., Physikalisches Institut,
Marburg ad Lahn; Cassel Sektion, Kolnische str. 84, Cassel.

Leipziger V. f. L. (E. V.) Sa, Markt 1, Leipzig.

Lubecker V. f. L. (E. V.) N. W., Israeldorfer Allee 13a, Lubeck.

Luftshrverein Gotha (fruther Reichsflugverein Gotha), Gotha, I.

Luftfahrtverein Touring-Club, Pranner str. 24, I. Munchen.

Luftschiffahrt-Verein Munster fur Munster und das Munsterland (E.
V.) N. W., Munster i. W, Klosterstr. 31-32.

Magdeburger V. f. L. (E. V.) M, Wetterwarte, Bahnhofstr. 17,
Magdeburg.

Mannheimer V. f. L. "Zahringen" (E. V.) S. W., 7-8 Hansa-Haus,
Mannheim.

Mecklenburgerischer Aero-Club, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Str. 85, II, I,
Schwerin i. M.

Mindener Verein fur Luftfahrt, N. W., Grosser Domhof 1, L, Minden
i. W.

Mitterheinischer V. f. L., S. W., Weisenauer, Str. 15, Mainz.

Munchener V. f. L. (E. V.) Residentzstr. 27 III, Munchen.

Niederrheinischer V. f. L. (E. V.) Wilhemstr. 11, Bonn, Wupperthal
Sektion, Hauptfeuerwache, Barmen; Essen Sektion, Bachstr. 21,
Essen-Ruhr; Bonn Sektion, Wilhelmstr. 11, Bonn.

Niedersachachsischer V. f. L. (E. V.) Hildesheimer Bank, Filiale
Gottingen, Gottingen.

Niederschlesisch-Markischer Verein fur Luftfahrt, Grunberg i. Schl,
I.

Nordmark-Verein fur Motorluftfahrt (E. V.) Dusternbrooker Weg 38,
Kiel.

Obererzgebirgischer V. f. L. (E. V.) Sa, Geschaftsstelle,
Schwarzenberg i. S., Erla im Erzgebirge.

Oberrheimischer V. f. L. (E. V.) S. W., Blauwolkengasse 21,
Strassburg i. Els.

Oberschwabischer V. f. L. (E. V.) S, Promenade 17, Ulm a. D.

Osnabrucker V. f. L. (E. V.) N. W., Wittekindstr. 4, Osnabruck.

Ostdeutscher V. f. L. (E. V.) O, Courbierestr. 34, II. Graudenz.

Ostpreusischer V. f. L. (E. V.) O, Kneiphofische Langgasse 8 I,
Konigsberg i. Pr.

Pfalzischer Luftfahrtverein Speyer, S. W., Speyer a. Rh. I.

Pommerscher V. f. L. (E. V.) Pasewalk (Stettin) F. 65.

Posener Luftfahrer-V. (E. V.) O, Posen, Kronprinzenstr, 101a.

Reichsflugverein (E. V.) Motztrs, 76, Berlin.

Rheinisch-Westfalische Motorluftschaff-Gesellsch. (E. V.) Bachstr.
21, Essen-Ruhr.

Saarbrucker Verein fur Luftfahrt, S. W. Saarbrucken, I.

Sachsisch-Thuringischer V. f. L. Belvedere-Allee 5, Weimar; Halle
a. S. Sektion (E. V.) Halle a. Muhlweg 10 und Poststr. 6;
Thuringische Sektion, Staaten; Belvederealle, 5, Weimar.

Schlesischer Aero-Club (E. V.) O, Schweidnitzerstr. 16-18 Breslau.

Schlesischer V. f. L. (E. V.) O, Schweidnitzerstr. 16-18 Breslau.

Schleswig-Holstein. Flieger-Club, N. W., Niemannsweg 81b, Kiel.

Seeoffizier-Luftclub (S.L.C.W.) N. W., Peterstr. 80 II,
Wilhelmshaven.

Trierer Club. f. L. (E. V.) W., Nagelstr. 10, Trier.

V. D. Luftchiff-Industrieller, Kleiststr. 8, III, Berlin, W.

V. D. Motorfahrzeug-Industrieller, Potsdamerstr. 121b, Berlin, W.

V. f. Flugwesen in Mannheim, S. W., Lange Rotterstr. 106, I.
Mannheim.

V. f. L. am Bodensee (E. V.) S. W., Zummsteinstr. 11,
Schwedenchanze 3a, Konstanz.

V. f. L. Darmstadt, S. W., Darmstadt, I.

V. f. L. Gieben, S. W., Seltersweg 56, I., Gieben.

V. f. L. Kolmar (Posen), (E. V.) O. Privinzialbank,
Kommanditgesellschaft a. A., Kolmar i. Pos.

V. f. L. Limbach (Sa, u. Umgegend) (E. V.) Postr. 5, Limbach
(Sachsen).

V. f. L. in Mainz (E. V.) S. W., Grosse Bleiche 48, Mainz.

V. f. L. in Worms, S. W., Worms, I.

V. f. L. und Flugtechnik Nurnberg-Furth, Klaragasse 2 I, Nurnberg.

V. f. L. in Weimar (E. V.) Erfurter Str. 9, Weimar.

Vogtlandischer V. f. L. (E. V.) Sa, Plauen i. V, Furstenstr. 89.

Westfalisch-Lippischer Luftfahrverein (E. V.) N. W., Kavalleriestr,
Petri, Bielefeld.

Westfalish-Markischer Luftfahrer-Verein, Herne, I.

Westpreussicher V. f. L. (E. V.) O., Dr. Waldmann, Abte-inng
Schiffbau, Technische Hochschule, Danzig-Langfuhr.

Wissenschaftliche Gesellschaft fur Flugtechnik, Nollendorfplatz 3,
Berlin W. 30.

Wurttenbergischer Flugsport-Club, S. Hegelstr. 4b, Stuttgart.

Wurtembergischer V. f. L. (E. V.) S. am Salzmannsweg 21, Stuttgart.

Zwickauer V. f. L. (E. V.) Sa, Hauptmarkt 20, Zwickau i. S.

~GERMAN MILITARY AVIATION.~

~Army General.~

The new Army law provides L400,000 (80 million marks) for Army aviation (including dirigibles), in addition to a considerable share of the L4,000,000 which is being spread over a period of five years.

The Army aerial force will be commanded by 2 inspector generals. The aviation force is put at 4 batallions.

_Headquarters_: Berlin. _Stations_: Aachen, Allenstein, Cologne, Darmstadt, Doebritz, Freiburg, Graudenz, Hannover, Insterburg, Jueterbog, Koenigsberg, Metz, Posen, Strassburg, Zeithain.

The scheme will be complete by the end of the year.

~Army Flying Schools.~

~Diedenhofen.~ ~Doeberitz.~ ~Metz.~ ~Oberwiesenfeld~ bei Muenchen (Bavarian). ~Saarburg.~ ~Sperenberg~ bei Jueterbog.

~Army Aeroplanes.~

At the end of 1912 the aeroplane force was as follows:--

Bought in 1911 10 monoplanes (2 Grade, 1 Schultze, 5 Rumpler).
25 biplanes (3 Albatross, 22 Farman type.)
Bought in 1912 91 monoplanes (20 Bristol, 1 Dorner, 2 Etrich Taube,
2 Grade, 6 Harlan, 20 Mars, 40 Rumpler
Taube).
144 biplanes (50 Albatros, 12 Aviatik, 30 Euler,
10 Otto, 2 L.V.G., 10 Mars, 6 Wrights).
----
Making a total of ~270~ of which number about 200 were war-effectives.

For ~1913~ there are ~200~ new aeroplanes building or provided for.

Under the new regulations, military machines must comply with the following conditions:--

1. Must be of entirely German manufacture, with ample and comfortable seating accommodation for pilot and passenger.

2. Design must permit of fitting bomb droppers and photographic apparatus.

3. Speed capabilities must not be less than 90 kilometres (56 m.p.h.)

4. Dimensions must not exceed 49 feet span (14.50 m.), 39 feet long (12 m.), 13 feet high (3.50 m.), and the motor not more than 100 h.p.

5. Minimum endurance, 4 hours.

~Army Aviators.~

Ackermann, Lt. K.
Albrecht, Ob-Lt. K.
Altrichter, Lt. K.
v. Apell, Lt. K.
Barends, Lt.
von Beaulieu, Ob-Lt. W.
Berlin, Ob-Lt. E.
Blume, Lt. W.
Boeder, Lt. O.
Braun, Lt.
Busch, Lt. H.
v. Buttlar, Lt. W.
Canter, Lt.
Cipa, T.
Coerper, W. Lt.
von Detten, Lt. G.
Demmel, Lt. M.
Dransfield, Lt. E.
Eich, H.
von Eickstedt, Ob-Lt. V.
Erhardt, Ob-Lt, R. (119)
von Falkenhayn, Lt. F. E.
Graf Finck von Finckenstein, Lt. L.
Fisch, Lt. W. (107)
von Freyberg-Eisenberg-Allmendingen, Lt. F. E.
Funck, Lt. W.
Geerdtz, F. H. (133)
von Gersdorff, Ob-Lt. E.
Geyer, Lt. H.
Goebel, Ob-Lt. W.
Grade, W. H. St. (20)
von Hadeln, Lt. F.
v. Hammacher, Lt. (49)
von Hammerstein Gesmold, Ob-Lt. F.A.
Hantelmann, Ob-Lt. M.
von Helldorf, Ob-Lt.
v. Hiddessen, F. Lt. (47)
Hildebrand, Ob-Lt. F.
Hofer, Ob-Lt. W.
Hoepker, Lt. A.
von Jagwitz, Lt. F.
Joly, Lt. A.
Justi, Lt. K.
Kahl, H.
Kastner, Lt. H.
Keim, Lt. J. (127)
Keller, Lt. G.
Koch, Lt. W
Kohr, Lt. R.
Lauer, Lt. R.
Lauterbach, Ob-Lt. F.
von Lichtenfels, Lt. S. (51)
von Liusingen, Lt. L.
Ludewig, F. Ob-Lt.
Meyer, Lt. W. (136)
von Minkwitz, Lt. H.
von Mirbach, Lt. K.
Mudra, Lt. H. (95)
Neumann, Ob-Lt. H.
von Obernitz, Ob-Lt. W.
Oelsner, Lt. W.
von Oertzen, Ob-Lt. J.
von Osterroht, Lt. P-H.
Petri, Ob-Lt. F. (120)
Pfeifer, Lt. L.
Pirner, Lt. H. K.
von Poser und Gross-Naedlitz, Ob-Lt. F.
Pueschel, Ob-Lt. K.
Rapmund, Lt. M.
Reiche, Lt. A.
v. Reichenberg-Wolfskeel, Graf. (93)
Reinhardt, Lt. S.
Reuss, Lt. W.
Ritter, Lt. K. (121)
Roser, H. H. (83)
Schaefer, Ob-Lt. L.
v. Scheele, Lt. A.
Schlegel, Lt. O.
Schneider, Lt. H.
Schreyer, F.
Schulz, Lt. J.
Schwartzkopff, Lt. H.
Serno, Lt. E.
Sieber, Lt. H.
Solmitz, F. Lt.
Sommer, Lt. P.
Steindorf, H.
Steger, O. Lt.
von Stoephasius, Lt. M.
Striper, Lt. F.
Suren, Lt. E.
Suren, Lt. G.
Suren, Lt. H.
Taeufert, Lt. W.
v. Tiedemann, Ob-Lt. R. (17)
von Trotha, Ob-Lt.
Vogt, Lt.
v. Wedemeyer, Ob-Lt. E.
Wendler, Lt. W.
Weyer, Lt. G.
Wiegandt, Lt. W.
Wilberg, Ob-Lt. H. (26)
Wildt, Lt. K. (43)
Wirth, Ob-Lt. W. (92)
Wulff, Lt. A.
Zwickau, Lt. K.

~Navy General.~

The 1913 expenditure on naval aviation (including dirigibles) is L250,000 (50 million marks), plus a portion of the special expenditure.

~Naval Flying Schools.~

~Holminsel~ b. Danzig. ~Putzig~ b. Danzig.

~Naval Stations.~

~North Sea.~--Cuxhaven (staff to be 5 officers and 192 under officers and men), Emden and Hamburg.

~Baltic.~--Kiel, Putzig and Konigsberg.

~General Headquarters.~--Berlin.

Each station will ultimately consist of one dirigible and a number of hydro-aeroplanes.

~Navy Aeroplanes.~

At the end of 1912 the total effective force was:--

~4 monoplanes~ (_Rumpler_ hydro.)
~10 biplanes~ (4 _Albatros_ hydro., 2 _Curtiss_ hydro., 4 _Euler_).
--
Total ~14~

The _Curtiss_ were purchased towards the end of 1911, all the others in 1912.

All are or can be fitted with wireless, range 50 miles.

1913. Others on order, including _Ottos_ on floats (_A.G.O._), of which one was delivered in April.

~Navy Aviators.~

Bertram, Ob-Lt. (123)
Coulmann, W.
Francke, Ob-Lt. C. (142)
Goltz, Kap-Lt. K.
von Gorrissen, Lt. (4)
Hartmann, R. Ob-Lt. (96)
Hering, Kap-Lt. M.
Janetzky, Kap-Lt. W.
Langfield, Ob-Lt. W.
Prinz Heinrich von Preussen (38)
Schroeter, Ob-Lt. W.
Stemmler, B.

~GERMAN PRIVATE AVIATION.~

To end of March, 1913.

~Private Aeroplanes.~

At end of March, 1913, the number of private aeroplanes in Germany was about 80, of which most were school, etc., machines.

Abelmann, Carl
Abramowitch, Wasewolod
Albers, Wilhelm
Alig, Ernst.
Arntzen, Orla, Dr. jur.
Schirrmeister, Hans
Badowski, Ludwig
Baierlein, Anton
Basser, Gustav
Beck, Otto
Becker, Reinhold
Beese, Frl.
Behrend, Adolf
Berliner, Rudolf
v. Bieber, Harald, Dr. jur.
Birkmaier, August
Blattmann, Ernst
Bohlig, Edmund
Bosenius, Rudolf
Bossin, Fritz
Boutard, Charles
Braselmann, Karl
Breton, Raymond Arthur
Brociner, Marco
Brunnhuber, Simon
Buechner, Bruno
Charlett, Willi
Clauberg, Fritz
Cremer, Fritz
Curdts, Carl
De Waal, Bernard
Dick, Fritz
Donnevert, Willy
Dorner, Hermann
Duecker, Werner
Eberhardt, Alfred
Eckardt, Willy
Eckelmann, Frank
Engelhard, Paul
Erblich, Heinz
Euler, August
Evers, Heinrich
Eyring, Raymund (Dr. Huth)
Falderbaum, Heinz
Faller, Artur
Faller, Otto
Flegier, Th. v.
Fokker, Anthony
Fremery, Hemmann
Friedrich, Alfred
Gasser, Hermann
Geiss, Franz
Georgi, Johannes
v. Gorrissen, Ellery
Grade, Hans
Griebel, Otto, Leutnant a D.
Grulich, Karl
Gruenberg, Arthur
Haas, Heinrich
Hansen, Hans
Hanuschke, Bruno
Hartmann, Alfred
Hasenkamp, Emil
Haeusler, Hugo
Heim, Oskar
Heirler, Paul
Hennig, Alfred
Hess, Robert
Heydenreich, Fritz
Hild, Luc.
Hintner, Cornelius
Hirrlinger, Albert
Hirth, Helmuth
Hoff, Wilhelm
Hoffmann, Siegfr.
Hoos, Josef, Dr. jur.
Hormel, Walter
Horn, Albin
Hoesli, Gordian
Ingold, Karl
Jablonski, Bruno
Jahnow, Reinhold, Leutn. d. Landw.
Jaenisch, M.
Jeannin, Emil
Kahnt, Oswald
Kammerer, K. F. Ludwig
Kaniss, Gustav
Kanitz, Willy
Karsten, Otto
Kaspar, Referendar
Katzian, Artemy
Keidel, Fridolin
Kern, Willy
Kiepert, Rudolf
Kleinle, Josef
Kober, Theodor
Koehler, Erich
Kohnert, Herbert
Koenig, Benno
Koenig, Martin
Krastel, Heinz, Reimar
Krieg, Friedrich
Krieger, Karl
Krueger, Leutnant a. D.
Krueger, Arthur
Krumsiek, Wilhelm
Kuehne, Ernst Herbert
Kunze, Ernst
Kurtscheid, Nicolaus
Ladewig, Heinz.
Ladewig, Herbert, Leutnant, Inf.-Regt.
Lagler, Fraeulein Bozena
Laitsch, Felix
Laemmlin, Charles
Lange, Paul
Langer, Bruno
Lecomte, Ingenieur
Lenk, Willy
Lichte, Carl
Lie, Christian
Lindpaintner, Otto E.
Linnekogel, Otto
Lissauer, Walter
Lochner, Erich
Loew, Karl
Luebbe, Fluglehrer
Manhardt, Alfred Willy
Mente, Willy, Oberleutnant a. D.
Meybaum, Theodor
Michaelis, G. A.
Mischewsky, Bernard
Mohns, Karl
Moehring, Charlotte
v. Mossner, Robert, Oberleutnant a. D.
Muegge, Wilhelm, Kapitan d. Handelsmarine
Mueller, B. C. Oscar
Mueller, Friedrich
Mueller, Karl
Mueller, Kurt
Munkelt, Kurt
Muerau, Georg
Netzow, Georg
Niemela, Edmund, Leutnant a. D.
Noelle, Max
Oelerich, Heinrick
Oster, Franz
Ottenbacher, Ernst
Otto, Gustav
Paul, Alfred
Pentz, Hermann
Pietschker, Alfred
Placzikowski, Udo
von Platen, Horst
Plochmann, Ernst
Pokristev, Penn, Oberleutnant
Poulain, Gabriel
Reeb, Alfred
Reichhardt, Otto
Rentzel, Adolf
Rode, Franz
de le Roi, Wolfram
Roempler, Oskar
Rosenstein, Willy
Roessler, Fritz
Rost, Gottlieb
v. Rottenburg, Otto
Roever, Hans
Rupp, Albert
Ruetgers, August
Schadt, Karl
Schaefer, Otto
Schakowskoy, Fuerstin Eugenie
Schall, Karl
Schauenburg, Theodor
Schendel, Georg
Scherff, Mauricio
Schiedeck, Hermann
v. Schimpf, Ernst, Dr. jur
Schirrmeister, Hans
Schlatter, Joseph
Schlegel, Ernst
Schlueter, Fritz
Schmidt, Erich
Schmidt, Richard
Schmigulski, Hans
Schoener, Georg
Schultze, Gustav
Schuepphaus, Heinrich Ernst
Schwandt, Paul
Schwarz, Erwin
Sedlmayer, Gerhard
Senge, Paul
Seydler, Frank
Siewert, Lotherm
Steffen, Bruno
Steinbeck, Hans
Stiefvater, Otto
Stoeffler, Victor
Stoldt
Stoephasius, Curt von
Strack, Karl
Strack, Peter
Stueber, Joachim, Leutnant d. R.
Suvelack, Josef
Thelen, Robert
Thiele, Erich
Toepfer, Otto
Trautwein, Max
Treitschke, Friedrich
Tybelski, Franz
Tweer, Gustav
Vollmoeller, Hans
Wecsler, Rubin
Weickert, Julius Artur
Weinaug, Ernst
Werntgen, Bruno
Wertheim, Paul
Weyl, Richard
Wiencziers, Eugen
Wieting, Werner
Wirtz, Reinerm
Witte, Gustav
Wittenstein, Oskar, Dr.
Witterstaetter, E. W.
Wolter, Richard
von Zastrow, Alexanderm

Note.--Abramowitch was a Russian by birth (killed April, 1913).

The following German aviators have been killed:--

GERMAN AEROPLANES.

~A~

ALBATROS. Albatroswerke G.m.b. H, Flugzeugfabr. u. Fliegerschule, Johannisthal bei Berlin. Established 1910. One of the largest constructors in Germany. Capacity: 150 machines a year.

----------------------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------
| ~1911-12.~ | ~1912.~ | ~1912-13.~ | |
| 2-seat tractor | Military tractor | Military tractor | Hydro. | Mono.
| biplane. | biplane. | | |
----------------------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------
~Length~ feet (m.)| 35-1/2 (10.70) | 34-1/2 (10.5) | 42-1/2 (12.8) | ... | ...
~Span~ feet (m.)| 43-2/3 (13.30) | 52-1/2 (16) | 65-3/4 (20) | ... | ...
~Area~ sq. feet (m squared.)| 430 (40) | 576 (54) | 624 (58.5) | ... | ...
{total lbs. (kgs.)| 1058 (480) | 1543 (700) | 1874 (850) | ... | ...
~Weight~ { | | | | |
{useful lbs. (kgs.)| 661 (300) | ... | ... | ... | ...
~Motor~ h.p.| 100 Argus | 90 Mercedes or | 120 N.A.G. or | ... | ...
| | 100 Argus | Aust. Daimler | |
{max. m.p.h. (km.)| 56 (90) | 59 (95) | 46 (75) | ... | ...
~Speed~ { | | | | |
{min. m.p.h. (km.)| ... | ... | ... | ... | ...
~Endurance~ hrs.| 6 | 6 | 7-5 | ... | ...
Number built during 1912 | about 40 | 70 | 30 | 4 | 2
----------------------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------

Remarks.--In all the upper plane is slightly staggered. In all the control is duplicated.

AVIATIK. Autemobil & Aviatik A.G., Muelhausen i.E. Established 1910. Capacity: 100 a year.

----------------------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------
| ~1912.~ | ~1912.~ | ~1913.~ | ~1912-13.~
| Monoplane. | Biplane. | Racing biplane. | Hydro-biplane.
----------------------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------
~Length~ feet (m.)| 26-1/2 (8) | 36 (11) | 29-1/2 (9) | 36 (11)
~Span~ feet (m.)| 39 (11.80) | 52-1/2 (16) | 52-1/2 (16) | 62-1/3 (19)
~Area~ sq. feet (m squared.)| 258 (.24) | 517 (48) | 517 (48) | 597 (56)
{total lbs. (kgs.)| 1146 (520) | 1323 (600) | 1234 (560) |1653 (750)
~Weight~ { | | | |
{useful lbs. (kgs.)| 661 (300) | 882 (400) | 882 (400) | 661 (300)
~Motor~ h.p.| 100 Argus | 100 Argus | 100 Argus | 100 Argus
{max. m.p.h. (km.)| 68-1/2 (110) | 56 (90) | 62 (100) | 52 (80)
~Speed~ { | | | |
{min. m.p.h. (km.)| ... | ... | ... | ...
~Endurance~ hrs.| 5 | 6-8 | 7-8 | 4-5
Number built during 1912 | 6 | 20 | 4 | 3
----------------------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------

Remarks.--The monoplanes are constructed under _Hanriot_ license.

~D~

DELFOSSE. Ceased to construct.

DORNER III. Monoplane. ~Length.~--34-1/2 feet (10.50 m.) ~Span.~--39-1/3 feet (12 m.) ~Surface.~--280 sq. feet (126 m squared.) ~Weight.~--882 lbs. (400 kgs.)

Type II: ~Length.~--32-3/4 feet (10 m.) ~Span.~--38 feet (11.60 m.) ~Surface.~--268-1/2 sq. feet (25 m squared.) ~Weight.~--661 lbs. (300 kgs.) See _Flugsport_, No. 5, 1911.

~E~

ETRICH. Etrich Fliegerwerke, G.m.b. H, Dittersbach b. Liebau (Schlesien). Capacity: 50 a year.

------------------------------+-------------------------------
| ~1913.~
| ~Etrich~ (original) _Taube._
| monoplane.
------------------------------+-------------------------------
~Length~ feet (m.)| 31 (9.5)
~Span~ feet (m.)| 47-1/2 (14.4)
~Area~ sq. feet (m squared.)| 301 (28)
{Total lbs. (kgs.)| 1323 (600)
~Weight~ { |
{Useful lbs. (kgs.)| ...
~Motor~ h.p.| 100 Mercedes or Argus
{ max. m.p.h. (km.)| 71 to 75 (115 to 120)
~Speed~ { |
{ min. m.p.h. (km.)| ...
~Endurance~ hrs.| 6
------------------------------+-------------------------------

Remarks.--

EULER. August Euler, Frankfurt a.M. In 1908 Euler secured _Voisin_ rights for Germany. In 1910 he took out a patent for a design of his own. In the summer of 1911 he built a successful monoplane, in the autumn of the same year a triplane. Existing models are as follows:--

----------------------------+------------------+------------------+----------------------
| ~1912.~ | ~1912.~ |
| Triplane. | Monoplane. | Military biplane.
----------------------------+------------------+------------------+----------------------
~Length~ feet (m.)| 23 (7) | |
~Span~ feet (m.)| 23 (7) | |
~Area~ sq. feet (m squared.)| ... | |
{total lbs. (kgs.)| ... | no data | no data
~Weight~ { | | |
{useful lbs. (kgs.)| ... | |
~Motor~ h.p.| Gnome | |
{max. m.p.h. (km.)| 56 (90) | |
~Speed~ { | | |
{min. m.p.h. (km.)| ... | |
~Endurance~ hrs.| 3-4 | |
Number built during 1912 | _about_ 70 | of various types |
----------------------------+------------------+------------------+----------------------

~F~

FOKKER. Monoplanes. Fokker-Aeroplanbau, G. m. b. H., 18 Parkstrasse, Johannisthal bei Berlin. Capacity: 40.

---------------------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+--------------------+------------------
| ~1912.~ | ~1912.~ | ~1912-13.~ | ~1912-13.~ | ~1912-13.~ | ~1913.~
| ~A.~ | ~B.~ | ~A.~ | ~B.~ | ~C.~ | Hydro-aeroplane.
---------------------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+--------------------+------------------
~Length~ feet (m.)| 26-1/4 (8) | 26-3/4 (8.25) | 29-1/2 (9) | 29-1/2 (9) | 29-1/2 (9) | 31 (9.50)
~Span~ feet (m.)| 37-3/4 (11.50) | 39-1/3 (12) | 42-3/4 (13.20) | 42-3/4 (13.20) | 42-3/4 (13.20) | 52-1/2 (16.20)
~Area~ sq. feet (m squared.)| 226 (21) | 242 (22.50) | 280 (26) | 280 (26) | 280 (26) | ...
{total lbs. (kgs.)| 838 (380) | 1036 (470) | 970 (440) | 1146 (520) | 1190 (540) | ...
~Weight~ { | | | | | |
{useful lbs. (kgs.)| ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ...
~Motor~ h.p.{| 70 Argus | 100 Argus | 70 Argus | 100 Argus | 70 Renault | 100 Renault
{| | | or Dixi | | | or Mercedes
{max. m.p.h. (km.)| 56 (90) | 68 (108) | 52 (83) | 60 (96) | 53 (85) | 59 (95)
~Speed~ { | | | | | |
{min. m.p.h. (km.)| ... | ... | 43 (70) | ... | ... | ...
~Endurance~ hrs.| 4-6 | 4-6 | 5-8 | 5-8 | 4-6 | 4
Number built during 1912 | 3 | 2 | 6 | 5 | 2 | ...
---------------------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+--------------------+------------------

Remarks.--The _Fokker_ is a machine of Dutch origin. (See Dutch).

FOHN. This firm ceased to exist January, 1913.

~G~

GRADE. Hans Grade Fliegerwerke, Bork, Post Bruck (Mark). Founded 1910 by H. Grade, who was the first man in Germany to fly with a German machine. During 1911 _Grades_ had a considerable vogue, but since then have not been prominent.

-----------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+----------------------
Model and date. | Racer, ~1911.~ | Racer, ~1912.~ | Racer, ~1912.~
| ~C.~ | ~D.~ | ~E.~
-----------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+----------------------
~Length~ feet (m.)| 33 (10) | 21 (6.50) | 26-1/4 (8)
~Span~ feet (m.)| 39-1/4 (12) | 34-1/2 (10.50) | 41 (12.50)
~Area~ sq. feet (m squared.)| 480 (45) | 240 (22) | 360 (33)
{machine, lbs. (kgs.)| 375 (170) | 408 (185) | 595 (270)
~Weight~ { | | |
{useful lbs. (kgs.)| ... ... | ... ... | ... ...
~Motor~ h.p.| various | ... ... | ... ...
~Speed~ m.p.h. (km.)| 56 (90) | 71 (115) | 71 (115)
Number built during 1912 | ? | 1 or 2 | ?
-----------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+----------------------

GOEDECKER. J. Goedecker, Flugmaschinen-Werke, Niederwalluf a. Rh. Flying School: Flugplatz Grosser Sand bei Mainz.

----------------------------------+------------------+------------------
| ~1912.~ | ~1911.~
| Monoplane | Monoplane
| "Sturmvogel." | "Sturmvogel."
----------------------------------+------------------+------------------
~Length~ feet (m.)| 32-3/4 (10) | 29-1/2 (9)
~Span~ feet (m.)| 47-3/4 (14.5) | 47-3/4 (14.5)
~Area~ sq. feet (m squared.)| 387 (36) | ...
{total lbs. (kgs.)| 992 (459) | 827 (375)
~Weight~ { | |
{useful lbs. (kgs.)| ... | ...
~Motor~ h.p.| 100 Dixi | 70 Argus
~Speed~ m.p.h. (km.)| 56 (90) | ...
Number built during 1912 | 8 | 2
----------------------------------+------------------+------------------

~H~

HANSA-TAUBE. Heinrich Heitmann, Aviatik und Konstructions Werkstaetten, Altona.

----------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------
| ~1912.~ | ~1913.~
| Monoplane. | Monoplane.
----------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------
~Length~ feet (m.)| 24-3/4 (7.5) | 24-3/4 (7.5)
~Span~ feet (m.)| 36-3/4 (11.2) | 36-3/4 (11.2)
~Area~ sq. feet (m squared.)| 237 (22) | 237 (22)
{total lbs. (kgs.)| 617 (280) | 573 (260)
~Weight~ { | |
{useful lbs. (kgs.)| ... | ...
~Motor~ h.p.| 75 or 100 Argus | 100 Argus
~Speed~ m.p.h. (km.)| 56 to 62 (95 to 100)| 62 (100)
Number built during 1912 | 2 | 2
----------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------

Remarks.--

HARLAN. Harlan Werke, G. m. b. H., 21 Moltkestrasse, Johannisthal bei Berlin. Established 1909, turned into present Company, 1911. Output capacity about 50 machines a year.

----------------------------+-----------------------+----------------------
| ~1912.~ | ~1912-13.~
| Military monoplane. | Military monoplane.
----------------------------+-----------------------+----------------------
~Length~ feet (m.)| 26-1/4 (8) | 30 (9.10)
~Span~ feet (m.)| 39-1/3 (12) | 45-1/2 (13.80)
~Area~ sq. feet (m squared.)| 312 (29) | 312 (29)
{total lbs. (kgs.)| ... | 1984 (900)
~Weight~{ | |
{useful lbs. (kgs.)| ... | 1323 (600)
~Motor~ h.p.| 100 Argus or Mercedes | 100 Argus
~Speed~ m.p.h. (km.)| 69 (110) | 69 (110)
~Endurance~ hrs.| 7-8 | 7-8
Number built during 1912 | 20 | 15
----------------------------+-----------------------+----------------------

HANUSCHKE. Bruno Hanuschke, Flugzeugbau, Johannisthal b. Berlin. Capacity: small.

-----------------------------+------------------+------------------
| ~1912.~ | ~1913.~
| "Typ populaire" | Typ II.
-----------------------------+------------------+------------------
~Length~ feet (m.)| 24-3/4 (7.50) | 21 (6.50)
~Span~ feet (m.)| 27 (8.25) | 26-1/4 (8)
~Area~ sq. feet (m squared.)| 183 (17) | 172 (16)
{total lbs. (kgs.)| 716 (325) | 1102 (500)
~Weight~ { | |
{useful lbs. (kgs.)| 385 (175) | 600 (275)
~Motor~ h.p.| 35 Anzani | 50 Gnome
~Speed~ m.p.h. (km.)| 56 (90) | 62 (100)
~Endurance~ hrs.| 2 | 2
Number built during 1912 | 2 | 2
-----------------------------+------------------+------------------

Remarks.--

~J~

JATHO. Jatho Flugzeugwerke, G. m. b. H., Stader Chaussee 32, Hannover. Karl Jatho built his first aeroplane in 1899, and has produced machines at intervals ever since. Capacity: small.

-----------------------------+------------------
| ~1913.~
-----------------------------+------------------
~Length~ feet (m.)| 29-1/2 (9)
~Span~ feet (m.)| 49-1/4 (15)
~Area~ sq. feet (m squared.)| 345 (32)
{total lbs. (kgs.)| 2116 (960)
~Weight~ { |
{useful lbs. (kgs.)| 992 (450)
~Motor~ h.p.| 100 N.A.G.
~Speed~ m.p.h. (km.)| 75 (120)
~Endurance~ hrs.| 3
Number built during 1912 | 2
-----------------------------+------------------

Remarks.--

JEANNIN. Emile Jeannin, Flugzeugbau, G. m. b. H., Stahltauben & Renneindecker Fabrik, Johannisthal b. Berlin. Capacity: small.

-----------------------------+--------------------+--------------------
| ~1912.~ | ~1913.~
| "Taube" monoplane. | Racing monoplane.
-----------------------------+--------------------+--------------------
~Length~ feet (m.)| 29-1/2 (9) | ...
~Span~ feet (m.)| 42-3/4 (13) | ...
~Area~ sq. feet (m squared.)| ... | ...
{total lbs. (kgs.)| ... | ...
~Weight~ { | |
{useful lbs. (kgs.)| ... | ...
~Motor~ h.p.| 100-150 Argus | 150 Argus
~Speed~ m.p.h. (km.)| 68 (110) | 87 (140)
~Endurance~ hrs.| 5-8 | 4-7
Number built during 1912 | 2 | 3
-----------------------------+--------------------+------------------

Remarks.--The 1913 was building only in March.

~K~

KAHNT. Oswald Kahnt, Flugzeugbau, Leipzig. Capacity: small.

-----------------------------+------------------
| ~K. F. 1913.~
| "Falke."
-----------------------------+------------------
~Length~ feet (m.)| 27-3/4 (8.50)
~Span~ feet (m.)| 42-3/4 (13)
~Area~ sq. feet (m squared.)| 291 (27)
{total lbs. (kgs.)| ...
~Weight~ { |
{useful lbs. (kgs.)| ...
~Motor~ h.p.| 50-70
~Speed~ m.p.h. (km.)| 62 (100)
Number built during 1912 | new firm
-----------------------------+------------------

KONDOR. Kondor Flugzeugwerke G. m. b. H., Essen, Ruhr. Fabrik auf dem Flugplatz. Rotthausen. Capacity: 30 or so a year.

-----------------------------+------------------+------------------
| ~1912.~ | ~1913.~
-----------------------------+------------------+------------------
~Length~ feet (m.)| 33-3/4 (10.30) | 27 (8.20)
~Span~ feet (m.)| 48-3/4 (14.80) | 46 (14)
~Area~ sq. feet (m squared.)| 258 (24) | 280 (26)
{total lbs. (kgs.)| 1543 (700) | 1328 (600)
~Weight~ { | |
{useful lbs. (kgs.)| ... | ...
~Motor~ h.p.| 100 Argus | 100 Argus
~Speed~ m.p.h. (km.)| 65 (105) | 70 (112)
Number built during 1912 | 2 | ...
-----------------------------+------------------+------------------

Remarks.--Both models torpedo body, on 4 skids. Planes dart ~V~ form. Constructor: J. Suwelack.

KUeHLSTEIN. Kuehlstein Wagenbau, Karosseriefabrik, Salzufer 4, Charlottenburg. This old-established motor car firm commenced to build aeroplanes in 1911. Capacity: 20 a year.

-----------------------------+--------------------+--------------------
| ~1912.~ | ~1912.~
| Torpedo monoplane. | Torpedo monoplane.
| I. | II.
-----------------------------+--------------------+--------------------
~Length~ feet (m.)| 29-3/4 (9.10) | 27 (8.2)
~Span~ feet (m.)| 40-3/4 (12.4) | 35-1/2 (10.8)
~Area~ sq. feet (m squared.)| 291 (27) | 215 (20)
{total lbs. (kgs.)| 1984 (900) | 2204 (1000)
~Weight~ { | |
{useful lbs. (kgs.)| 1322 (600) | 1543 (700)
~Motor~ h.p.| 100 Argus | 96 Mercedes
{max. m.p.h. (km.)| ... | ...
~Speed~ { | |
{min. m.p.h. (km.)| 84 (135) | 87 (140)
~Endurance~ hrs.| 3 | 3
Number built during 1912 | 2 | 2
-----------------------------+--------------------+--------------------

Remarks.--

~M~

MARS. Deutsche Flugzeugwerke G. m. b. H., Lindenthal bei Leipzig. Established 1911. This is one of the most important and successful aviation works in Germany. Capacity: from 80 to 100 machines a year.

-----------------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------
| ~1912-13.~ | ~1912-13.~ | ~1913.~
| Monoplane. | Biplane. | Hydro-aeroplane.
-----------------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------
~Length~ feet (m.)| 31 (9.7) | 31 (9.7) |
~Span~ feet (m.)| 55-1/4 (16.8) | 57 (17.8) |
~Area~ sq. feet (m squared.)| 376 (35) | 495 (46) |
{total lbs. (kgs.)| 1234 (560) | 1434 (650) |
~Weight~ { | | |
{useful lbs. (kgs.)| 1808 (820) | 2006 (910) | _Building._
~Motor~ h.p.| 95 N.A.G. | 95 Mercedes |
{max. m.p.h. (km.)| 120 (75) | 115 (71) |
~Speed~ { | | |
{min. m.p.h. (km.)| ... | ... |
~Endurance~ hrs.| 5-6 | 4-6 |
Number built during 1912 | 6 | 16 |
-----------------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------

Remarks.--

MROZINSKI. Bernard Mrozinski, Berlin-Wilmersdorf. Established 1912.

~Length~, 23 feet (7 m.) ~span~, 32-3/4 feet (10 m.) ~area~, 215 sq. feet (20 m squared.)

~Weight.~--661 lbs. (300 kgs.)

~Motor.~--20 h.p. Anzani.

~Speed.~--50 m.p.h. (80 km.)

Remarks.--One machine only built in 1912.

~O~

OERTZ. Max Oertz, Yachtwerft, Reiherstieg b. Hamburg. Famous yacht builder. Commenced aeroplane construction in 1911. Existing models as below. Capacity about 25 machines a year.

-----------------------------+--------------------+--------------------
| ~M 1911-12.~ | ~M 1912-13.~
| Monoplane. | Monoplane.
-----------------------------+--------------------+--------------------
~Length~ feet (m.)| 29-1/2 (9) | 30-1/4 (9.2)
~Span~ feet (m.)| 41-3/4 (12.75) | 41-3/4 (12.75)
~Area~ sq. feet (m squared.)| 247 (23) | 263 (24.5)
{total lbs. (kgs.)| 948 (430) | 1212 (550)
~Weight~ { | |
{useful lbs. (kgs.)| ... | ...
~Motor~ h.p.| 70 Gnome | 70 Gnome
{max. m.p.h. (km.)| 69 (110) | 75 (120)
~Speed~ { | |
{min. m.p.h. (km.)| ... | ...
~Endurance~ hrs.| 3 | 4
Number built during 1912 | 3 | 1
-----------------------------+--------------------+--------------------

OTTO. Gustav Otto, Flugmaschinenwerke, Schleissheimer Str. 135, Munich. Started building in 1911. Present max. capacity about 30 machines a year.

------------------------------+-----------------
| ~M 1912.~
| Biplane.
------------------------------+-----------------
~Length~ feet (m.)| ...
~Span~ feet (m.)| ...
~Area~ sq. feet (m squared.)| ...
{total lbs. (kgs.)| ...
~Weight~ { |
{useful lbs. (kgs.)| ...
~Motor~ h.p.| 100 A. G. Otto.
{max. m.p.h. (km.)| 69 (110)
~Speed~ { |
{min. m.p.h. (km.)| ...
~Endurance~ hrs.| 6-8
Number built during 1912 | 6
------------------------------+------------------

Remarks.--All 1912 machines purchased for German Army.

~P~

PEGA-EMICH. Flugtechnische und mechanische Werke vorm. Pega & Emich, Falterstrasse 13-15, Griesheim, Frankurt-a-M. Commenced building with a 6-decker in 1910. Capacity: small.

----------------------------+--------------------
| ~1913.~
| Buteno monoplane.
----------------------------+--------------------
~Length~ feet (m.)| 39-1/4 (12)
~Span~ feet (m.)| 46 (14)
~Area~ sq. feet (m squared.)| 355 (33)
{total lbs. (kg.)| 838 (380)
~Weight~ { |
{useful lbs. (kg.)| 1102 (500)
~Motor~ h.p.| 70 Argus
{max. m.p.h. (km.)| 62 (100)
~Speed~ { |
{min. m.p.h. (km.)| ...
~Endurance~ hrs.| 2
Number built during 1912. | ...
----------------------------+--------------------

PIPPART-NOLL. Pippart-Noll-Flugzeugbau, Mannheim.

------------------------------+------------------+------------------+--------------------
| P. N. 1 | P. N. 2. | P. N. 3.
Type. | Sporting. | "Uberland" | Military.
| ~1912.~ | ~1912.~ | ~1913.~
------------------------------+------------------+------------------+--------------------
~Length~ feet (m.)| 31 (9.50) | 28 (8.50) | 28 (8.50 also 7)
~Span~ feet (m.)| 34-1/2 (10.50) | 39-1/3 (12) | 45 (13.70)
~Area~ sq. feet (m squared.)| 215 (20) | 280 (26) | 300 (28)
{machine lbs. (kgs.)| 617 (280) | 838 (380) | 1234 (560)
~Weight~ { | | |
{useful lbs. (kgs.)| 330 (150) | 463 (210) | 441 (200)
~Motor~ h.p.| 70 Argus | 70 Argus | 70 Argus
{max. m.p.h. (km.)| 59 (95) | 62 (100) | 68 (110)
~Speed~ { | | |
{min. m.p.h. (km.)| ... | ... | 50 (80)
~Endurance~ hrs.| ... | ... | ...
Number built during 1912 | 1 | 1 | 1
------------------------------+------------------+------------------+--------------------

~R~

RUMPLER. E. Rumpler, Luftfahrzeugbau G. m. b. H., Siegfriedstrasse 202, Berlin-Lichtenberg, also Johannisthal b. Berlin. Established 1909 by E. Rumpler and R. Haessner for the construction in Germany of _Etrich_ (see Austria) monoplanes. These now vary considerably from the original _Etrich_. Capacity at present about 200 to 300 machines a year. Standard models are as follows:--

-----------------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------
| ~1912.~ | ~1912.~ | ~1913.~
| Monoplane. | "Taube." | Hydro.
-----------------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------
~Length~ feet (m.)| 29-3/4 (9.50) | 34 (10.30) | 33 (10)
~Span~ feet (m.)| 41-1/2 (12.65) | 46 (14) | 49-1/4 (15)
~Area~ sq. feet (m squared.)| 247 (23) | 336 (32) | 387 (36)
{total lbs. (kgs.)| 1398 (630) | 1190 (540) | 1328 (600)
~Weight~ { | | |
{useful lbs. (kgs.)| 771 (350) | 551 (230) | 485 (220)
~Motor~ h.p.| 95 Mercedes | 100 Argus | 100 Argus
{max. m.p.h. (km.)| 81 (130) | 59 (95) | 56 (90)
~Speed~ { | | |
{min. m.p.h. (km.)| ... | ... | ...
~Endurance~ hrs.| 6-7 | 4-6 | ...
Number built during 1912 | 1 | 60 | 3
-----------------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------

RUTH-ROHDE. Ruth-Rohde, Motorgleitflieger, G. m. b. H., Wandsbeck. Established 1912. Capacity: small.

-----------------------------+------------------+------------------
| ~1912.~ | ~1912.~
| Biplane I. | Biplane II.
-----------------------------+------------------+------------------
~Length~ feet (m.)| 26-1/4 (8) | 26-1/4 (8)
~Span~ feet (m.)| 36 (11) | 45 (14)
~Area~ sq. feet (m squared.)| 590 (55) | 700 (65)
{total lbs. (kgs.)| 1653 (750) | 1764 (800)
~Weight~ { | |
{useful lbs. (kgs.)| ... | ...
~Motor~ h.p.| 75 Argus | 75 Argus
{max. m.p.h. (km.)| 55 (90) | 55 (90)
~Speed~ { | |
{min. m.p.h.(km.)| ... | ...
~Endurance~ hrs.| 3 | 3-4
Number built during 1912. | 1 | 1
-----------------------------+------------------+------------------

~S~

SCHELIES. Richard Schelies, Conventstrasse 5 und 5b, Hamburg 23. Flying Station, etc.: Dockenhuden a/Elbe.

-----------------------------+--------------------
| ~1913.~
| Hydro-monoplane.
-----------------------------+--------------------
~Length~ feet (m.)| 23 (7)
~Span~ feet (m.)| 29-1/2 (9)
~Area~ sq. feet (m squared.)| 323 (30)
{total lbs. (kgs.)| 705 (320)
~Weight~ { |
{useful lbs. (kgs.)| 220 (100)
~Motor~ h.p.| Rheinische Aero 35
~Speed~ m.p.h. (km.)| ...
-----------------------------+--------------------

SCHULZE. Gustav Schulze, Flugzeug Werke, Burg b. Magdeburg. Schulze began to build in 1910 light monoplanes, generally along _Santos-Dumont_ lines. Maximum present capacity about 12 machines a year.

-----------------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------
| ~1912.~ | ~1912.~ | ~1912.~ | ~1913.~
| I. | II. | III (2-seater). | I (2-seater).
-----------------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------
~Length~ feet (m.)| 19-3/4 (6) | 26-1/4 (8) | 21-1/3 (6.50) | 23 (7)
~Span~ feet (m.)| 26-1/4 (8) | 34-1/2 (10.50) | 28 (8.50) | 29-1/2 (9)
~Area~ sq. feet (m squared.)| 172 (16) | 215 (20) | 172 (16) | 194 (18)
{total lbs. (kgs.)| 330 (150) | 441 (200) | 441 (200) | 551 (250)
~Weight~ { | | | |
{useful lbs. (kgs.)| | ... | ... | ...
~Motor~ h.p.| 24-30 Hilz | 24-30 Hilz | 35 Haacke | 35 Haacke
{max. m.p.h. (km.)| 48 (77) | 53 (85) | 56 (90) | 53 (85)
~Speed~ { | | | |
{min. m.p.h. (km.)| ... | 43 (70) | 50 (80) | 46 (75)
Number built during 1912. | 1 | 3 | 1 | _Building._
-----------------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------

SIGISMUND. Prinz Sigismund von Preussen, Berlin.

-----------------------------+------------------+------------------
Model and date. | Monoplane. |
-----------------------------+------------------+------------------
~Length~ feet (m.)| 29-1/2 (9) |
~Span~ feet (m.)| 42-3/4 (13) |
~Area~ sq. feet (m squared.)| 323 (30) |
{total lbs. (kgs.)| 950 (430) |
~Weight~ { | |
{useful lbs. (kgs.)| 395 (180) |
~Motor~ | Argus, 100 |
~Speed~ max. m.p.h. (km.)| 56 (90) |
Number built during 1912 | 2 |
-----------------------------+------------------+------------------

~U~

UNION FLUGZEUGWERKE. Union Flugzeugwerke G. m. b. H. Elsenstrasse 106 & 107, Berlin s. o. 36. Established 1913. Capital 500,000 marks. Capacity of works: 20 machines a year.

-----------------------------+------------------+
| ~Bomhard.~ |
Model and date. | Pfeilflieger, |
| ~1913.~ |
-----------------------------+------------------+
~Length~ feet (m.)| 32-3/4 (10) |
~Span~ feet (m.)| 59 (18) |
~Area~ sq. feet (m squared.)| 450 (42) |
{total lbs. (kgs.)| 1235 (560) |
~Weight~ { | |
{useful lbs. (kgs.)| 617 (280) |
~Motor~ | 100 Argus |
{max. m.p.h. (km.)| 69 (110) |
~Speed~ { | |
{min. m.p.h. (km.)| 62 (100) |
Number built during 1912 | New firm |
-----------------------------+------------------+

~W~

WRIGHT. Flugmaschine Wright, G. m. b. H., Adlershof, bei Berlin. Company formed to trade in German rights for the Wright Bros.' patents. Considerable departures have been made from the U.S. pattern, and some have been built with a single propeller only. Capacity of works 100-150 a year.

-----------------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------
| ~1912.~ | ~1913.~ | ~1913.~ | ~1913.~
| Military. | Sporting. | Military. | Military.
| | | | 4-seater.
-----------------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------
~Length~ feet (m.)| 28 (8.50) | 26-1/2 (8.20) | 31-1/2 (9.65) | ...
~Span~ feet (m.)| 39-1/2 (12.20) | 31 (9.60) | 40-1/2 (12.50) | 44-1/4 (13.50)
~Area~ sq. feet (m squared.)| 452 (42) | 323 (30) | 463 (43) | 463 (43)
{total lbs. (kgs.)| 992 (450) | 837 (380) | 1433 (650) | 1653 (750)
~Weight~ { | | | |
{useful lbs. (kgs.)| ... | ... | ... | 882 (400)
~Motor~ h.p.| 55 N.A.G. | 55 N.A.G. | 100 Argus or | 100
| | | Mercedes |
{max. m.p.h. (km.)| 50 (80) | 60 (95) | 60 (95) | 60 (95)
~Speed~ { | | | |
{min. m.p.h. (km.)| ... | ... | ... | ...
Number built during 1912 | 10 | ? | ... | ...
-----------------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------

~Z~

ZIEGLER. Ziegler, Potsdam. Established late in 1912.

-----------------------------+------------------
| ~1912-13.~
| Monoplane.
-----------------------------+------------------
~Length~ feet (m.)| 31 (9.50)
~Span~ feet (m.)| 39-1/3 (12)
~Area~ sq. feet (m squared.)| 344 (32)
{total lbs. (kgs.)| 881 (400)
~Weight~ { |
{useful lbs. (kgs.)| 992 (450)
~Motor~ h.p.| 100 N.A.G.
{max. m.p.h. (km.)| 60 (90)
~Speed~ { |
{min. m.p.h. (km.)| ...
~Endurance~ hrs.| 2
Number built in 1912 | 1
-----------------------------+------------------

GERMAN DIRIGIBLES.

(Approximately 1000 m cubed=35,000 c. feet.)

~Military.~

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Jane's All the World's Aircraft. 1913Chapter VI: Part C: deals with aero-engines. It is mainly remarkable--in comparison (4)

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