Chapter XXX: Appendix: A

DAYAK LANGUAGES.

SAMBAS TO BATANG LUPAR.

In forwarding me the four vocabularies which I now insert, the Rev. William Chalmers mentioned that the Lara people say they came originally from the neighbourhood of Brunei, the capital.

NOTE.

“The Sarawak Land Dyak is in the dialect of the Sentah tribe. The ū of this tribe is changed into “o” in the other tribes of the river Sarawak. Sentah River is a tributary of the southern branch of the Upper Sarawak.

“The Sadong Dayak is the dialect spoken by the tribes on the river Kadup, a tributary of the Upper Sadong.

“The Lara is a tribe of Upper Sambas, part of which now resides on the Upper Lundu.”

* * * * *

“ē = English a.
e = English e in m_e_t.
ū = French u.
ŭ = English u in c_u_b.
au = ow in n_ow_.
ai = English i.
ei = English ay in l_ay_.
ō = aw in l_aw_.
ch final = German ch.”

--------------------+-----------------+---------------+---------------+------------------ ---- | SARAWAK. | SADONG. | LARA. | SIBUYAU. --------------------+-----------------+---------------+---------------+------------------ Able | shaūn | inshaūn | kaän | bulih Across (river) | kadipa | sisa | pahja | sebrang Acquainted with | kŭnyet | ŭmpuon | nŭmparu | tau Afraid | taru | teroun | buut | takut Agree | bepaiyu | janggi | bepusun | berjanji Alligator | buai | buoi | buro | gaiyaŭ Ant | subi | subi | subē | semut Angry | boji | deroch | baji | hing-at Arise from sleep | bura | mungkat | kias | dani Ataps, leaf mats | ilaŭ | iraŭ | aro | atap Above | sombu | sombu | samo | atas All | perūg | samoa | sŭman-man | samoa Ask (beg) | mite | minta | mahi | minta Ask (enquire) | sikyen | pŭsik | masikan | tanya Bathe | mamuch | ngumon | mamu | mandi Below | ribo, sogan | sigan | saroch | dibahōa Before | diŭ | taiyŭ | uru | dulu Behind | {di kŭnang | di kŭnang } | buntot | dudi | {di sundich | di sundich } | | Beads | tumbis | tumbis | tumi | marēk Black | singŭt | bihis | sungut | chelum Bird | manuk | manok | manuk | burong Blood | dēya | dēya | daya | daha Blind | kerak | bŭkap | buta | buta Break (in two) | pŭtah | pŭtah | patah | patah Breathe | ngashūng | ngashūng | misingat | sipuat Burn | mupun | nyahu | nyahu, ninu | tunoh Bad | arap | bēek | jahē | jai Boy | anak kŭnya | anak kŭnya | kangot | anak biak Bachelor | bujang | bujang | bujang | bujang Brave | pogan | pogan | pagan | brani Bridge | teboiyan | ŭnyan | titi | andaŭ BODY (HUMAN) | pŭrūng, tibu | tibo | ungan | tuboh Head | ubak | bak | abak | pala Forehead | arū | dēich | kaning | dai Cheeks | pŭnding | pŭmpi | koko | koyu Eye | betuch | matuch | matu | mata Eyebrow | buruch kŭning | buruch kŭning | burun rimin | bulu kanīang Eyelash | buruch kirat | kilat matuch | burun matu | bulu mata Nose | unugn | undung | dudugn | idong Nostrils | rubang unugn | rubang undung | rubang dudugn | lubang idong Mouth | boba | boba | boba | mulut Teeth | jipuch | jipun | japu | gigi Tongue | jura | jilē | rata | dila Throat | gunggong | tegunggong | gangogn | batang hukōang Ear | kojit | kŭping | rajak | pundīang Chin | seraka | raäng | rang | dagu Hair of head | ubōk | buruch | abōk | buak Neck | tungō | kukō | jangok | hukōang Side | tigang | tigahang | silet | husua Shoulder | kowin | kowi | kaī | bauh Breast | sudō | ishuk | sadō | dada Back | punok | jaju | rutuk | blakang Belly | tain | putong | putugn | pahut Posterior | kŭnang | pŭmpi kŭnang | rabat | buhīat Loins | kupong | kupong | apagn | punggōang Arm--shoulder | pupung | pumpong | barangu | buah langan to elbow | | | | Do.--elbow to | birēng | brungō | baregn | langan wrist | | | | Elbow | sukuch | sikuch | siku | siku Hand | tŭngan | tŭngan | baregn | jahi Fingers | trinyu | buah tŭngan | trinyo | tunjōi Nails | siruch | siruch | siru | kuku Wrist | brungō | ŭng-gŭm | ladak | angg-am Thumb | sindu tŭngan | indu tŭngan | indu baregn | tunjōa indu Thigh | pūūch | pūūch | pa | pa Calf | bitēs | bitēs | batis | betis Foot | kŭja | kŭja | kŭja | kaki Ancle | buku siōk | tulang kelali | matu dudegn | buku alē Knee | bak karŭb | bak tuod | tukugn | pala patōang Heel | tiga | peniga | tigak | tumit Palm | pura tŭngan | pŭpach tŭngan | parapa baregn | tapa jahi Lips | bibich | bibich | bibich | mulut Flesh | ishin | isi | inshin | isi Bones | turang | tulang | turang | tulang Navel | pŭshid | pŭshid | pusat | pusat Knuckle | buku tŭngan | bukuck tŭngan | raka | buku tunjōa Sole | pura kuja | pupach kuja | parapa kuja | tapa kaki Skin | kurit | kulit | kurit | kulit BEASTS:-- | | | | Deer (rusa) | paiyu | paiyu | anyung | rusa Monkey (kra) | oyung | kara | kara | kara Dog | kŭshōng | kosho | kashu | asu Cat | bushing | sengau | uching | maiau Pig, domestic | aiyō | pongan | uwē | babi humah Pig, jungle | pongan | laba | lauk | babi kampong Rat | babu | babu, jupor | tikus | tikus Cough (to) | mokūd | mungkud | mukut | batōak Come | menūg | monūg | utung | datei Cold | mŭdud | bŭbi, madud | sangu | chilap Cry out | nai kiak | siak | ngampak | nyawa Cry (weep) | sien | nŭngis | munse | nyabak Cook | tanuk | nŭnuk | nanuk | nyumai Companion | dingān | dingan | agē | pangan Commit adultery | tŭngach | nyowang | bebaiyu | bambai Covet | lipōng | kilek | murun | dika Cut | kapūg | kapūg | mŭmagn | putus Come out | ruach | luach | mungkas | pansut DRESS:-- | | | | Jacket | jipō | bojuch | jūpo | baju Head-dress | bung ubōk burang| tundō | bung abak | labōang Petticoat | jomuch | jomuch | jamu | kaiin Trowsers | sinyang | saluar | salauar | tanchúat “Chawat” | tāup | tahup | patung | sihat “Tambok” | juach | juach | jua | jua Do., small, | tambōk | tungking | tokeng | tambōak worn on the | | | | side | | | | Pinang knife | sinda | sinda | sunda | lungga Sheath of Pinang | randung |landong | sario | bandōang knife | | | | Parang | bukō tŭkin | bukō | bai | isau Sheath of do. | sibōng | sibōng | dohong | tangkin Day | ŭnu | onu | ano | ahi Dance | berejang | belangi | nari | ngigal Drink | nōk | nyūhūp | man pain | nyihup ai Dumb | bawa, baku | kaku | awa | bisu Deaf | bongam | tebodung | būngal | mandap Destroy | rusak | rusak | rusak | husak Divide | kutung | bedodŭg | punugn | daman Doctor, to (bilian) | būrich, nguri | ... | ... | bilian Doctor, a (male) | dayah beruri | ... | ... | manang Do. (female) | bŭrich | dayung pancha,| bari | ... | | bŭrich | | Door | tiban | jigan | pintu | pintu Dead | kŭbūs | kŭbūs | kabia | mati Diligent | gŭgach | rijung | gŭgah | hajin Enough | raput, sedang | luput | chukup | umbas Eat | man | maän | uman | makai Egg | turoch | ŭntulo | tura | telo Enter | murūt | murūt | maru | masōk Enemy | pūngănyu | pŭngaiyu | pengaiyu | munsoh Fire | opui | opui | api | api Forbidden (tabooed) | pūrich | pŭrich | pari | mali Fish | ikyen | ikan | ikan | lawak Fly (a) | tura | tura | nyamok | lalat Fly (to) | mukābur | ŭnchaling, | mibir | terbang | | [mobur | | Fat | gŭmu | ... | manu | gumu Fowl | siōk, siap | siōk, siap | siap | manok Fall (“jatoh”) | rŭbu | rŭbu | mana | labōa Forget | kambut | ngkomut | karimut | lupa Father | sama | ŭmang | sama | apai Firefly | bŭkarūp | ŭngkarup | kalamiu | chutlut FRUIT:-- | | | | Durian | dēan | dihŭn | dihan | hian Plantain | borak | pisang | barak | pisang Mangustin | sikuk | gunau | sikuk | langaiīn Langsat | lishēt | lashat | sarikan | langsat Go | ŭdi | oji | ana | jalei Go up | maäd | nyumak | maka | niki Go down | mun | muhun | disa | nuhun Girl | anak dayung | anak dayung | angot | anak biak indu Grown up (as | jukut | jukut | abut | sikut brushwood, selut) | | | | Get | dapūd | dapud | daput | tŭmu Gape (yawn) | kuab | ngkuhab | chabun | nguap Good | rŭmus | paguch | lŭmus | badas God | Tŭpa | Tŭmpa | Penita | Batara Give | nyen, jugan | jugon | mangkan | bahi Glad | raän, awang | kira, awang | rēpo | dika-hati Gold | berowan | berowan amas | berawan | mas HOUSE:--Outside | rŭmin | rŭmin | rŭmin | humah platform | tŭnyu | tonyu | bŭntahan | tanyu Common room | awach | awach | sambi | ruei Private room | arūn | rŭmin | ohang | lawang Garret | rŭnga | rŭnga | rŭnga | sadau High | omu | sŭmu | nyŭmu | tinggi Hill | derūd | darūd | munggu | bukit Hide | chukān | nyukān | nukan | lalei Hungry | seburūk | seburūk | seburuk | lapah Hear | dinga | ngŭping | danga | dingah Husband | bonūch | bonūch | banun | laki Hot (“panas”) | sura | nyowa, shiru | jera | panas Hot (“angat”) | paras | paras | paras | angat Is | ŭgi | aduch | uni | bisi Is not | meting, doi { | kadū] aduch }| | | { | inyap raiya }| kati | nadai Jump over { | menyakir } | | | { | merejok } | melompat | nyantang | merejōak Jump down | ngŭngung | ŭmpapu | nyangugn | trajun Jungle | tarun | tarun | tarun | kampong Kneel | sedikang | unyuch | nungkogn | nyerunkōang Keep (“pliara”) | { kiugat | nagoch } | ngingu | ibun | { nguän | nyingat } | | Know | puän | ŭmpuon | penanē | tau, numŭ Kill | siū | kenobūs | ngamis | bunoh Large | bās | bahas | aihyo | besei Lazy | sorut | bojag | ŭga | kelalāh Lean | mănyuch | kurus | kurus | kuhus Light, in weight | jangan | nyangan | nyaän | lempōang Little, quantity | shīt | ichīuk | igēat | sikēat Long | omu | ombuch | ŭngho | panjei “Lesong” (a mortar)| lishōng | lesong | rensungan | lesong “Alu” (a pestle) | aruch | alu | aru | alu Laugh | tawūch | natau | guluk | tawa Lie down | guring | ngulēng | guring | gali Lie (speak falsely) | kādong | mudōng | lachē | bula Many | bogū | tŭbun | kara | banyau Melt | ririch | lilich | luluch | anchuah Merciful | masi | masi | masē | kaseh Moon | buran | buran | buran | bulan Mother | sindu | aiyang, ŭndu | sindo | indei Morning | ishan-ishan | pagi | ngakap ano | magi-pagi Mat (“klasa”) | kasa | krŭsah | bidē | bidei Mat (“tikar”) | ŭmok | ŭmak | bido | klaia Man | dayah, naän | nūūch, inya | soök | ohang Musquito | prungang | prunggang | pŭntujok | hyamōak Mud | Jijūb | jijub | lulok | hubōah Night | ngarūm | ngarūm | ngarum | malam New | baüch | baüch | bahu | bahu Not | dūch | kadū | kati | adai, nda Not (do) | ma | ba | | anang Now | madin | matē | mati dia | kamaia tu Name | adūn | gŭnŭn | gaän | nama Noon | yun ŭnu | narang onu | tŭno ano | s’tengah ahi Old, man | nyamba | nya tuüch | ŭma | tuei Old, thing | ŭma | dŭmba | tuhi | lama Oil | inyō | inyō | aiyan | minyak Open (to) | kuka | tuhas | nukas | silak Other | bŭkūn | bukūn | lain | lnin Outside | disopa | luäch sopa | sato | di luäch One | ni | indi | ŭsa | sa Once | ni, sidach | ni, idah | nisidah | sekali Parang, forge a | moba | ngoba | maba | tŭmpa Posts | rōs | oros | nahi | tiang Poor | cherāta | babō | papa | seranta Provisions | onyad | bokol | sanga | bekal Perspiration | udās | udās | adas | peloh “Pinang” (betel nut)| baï | pinang, bahai | ohē | pinang Put down | na | jimpan | nana | ŭngkah Put by | nikūa | jimpan | mogan | simpan Paddy | padi | padi | padē | padi Pleasant | sidi | sidi | ahwan | nyamei Quickly | likas | pantas | japat | lekas Red | birē | ŭnchalak | teransak | mirah Return | mŭri | maring | urē | pulei Remember | ingat | tian | ingat | ingat Road | ŭran | jŭran | pagala | jalei “Rotan” | wi | wi | wē | hutan Remove (pindah) | beringar | berpindah | pindah | pindah Run away | bu | buhu | boho | lari Rotten | modām | modam | modam | buhua Receive | kambat | kira | nyamut | terima Rice | bras | bras, boru | nahas | bahas boiled | tubi | sungkoi | nasi | asi Straight | tŭnggūn | bujog | tamut | luhus Strike (pukul) | mukōng | nŭntong | mangkugn | palu Sick | mŭnam | mŭnam | ŭnam | pedīas Short | purok | kŭdūk | punok | pandak Sleep | būūs | būūs | buus | tindōak Sun | betuch ŭnu | matūch shiru | matu ano | mat’ari Stars | bintang | bintang | bintang | bintang Shut (to) | tup | punut, tutu | tutup | tutup Sandfly | biās | sirap | bihas | singīat Scald | rāus | rōus | batu | angus See | kirich | tŭbūk | mēlē | peda Sharp | roja | roja | ruja | tajam Shake, to (neuter) | beguyut | guyut | begotē | beguyu Speak | mīnyu, sinda | besinda | kaséna | bejako Sneeze | pasin | bekuchēsh | berusun | berkasi Sit down | guru | ngulu | munyung | duduk Stand up | mejōg | mijōg | agun | berdiri Spider | tŭka | ŭngkŭka | ŭnga | tampa lawa Steal | nŭku | nŭngku | nangko | chuhi Sweet | nibŭnyich | sija | mamis | manis Squeeze | pishū | michet | ngerachet | pichīat Satiated | bisoch | bisō | baso | kenyang Spacious | baiya tawash | nyowa | tawas | tawas Sorry | susah-ŭtin | susah-ati | suba-latē | tusah Small (size) | shīt | ichīŭk | inek | mukat, miet “Sirih” | baïd | baïd | uït | sirih Sky | lŭngit | langit | langit | langit Snake | jipūch | nyipuch | nipa | ulah Spit | ngiruja | nguruja | ngeruja | berludah Spittle | ruja | rēyang | rayang | ai lioch Stop (to) |rūū, mōkō | ngŭndei | madi | bado Still (to be) | rūū | mŭndu | moko | diaû Take | mit | tumit | tangkap | ambi Touch | tŭma | tŭgūch | nyankam | jamah Track | arōk, inyak | indich | tawan, aju | bakaŭ To-morrow | sepagi | pagi | jakap | pagi This | ati, iti, anū | siti, siech | dia | tu That | ajech, inū | saäch | kako, tēan | nyun Throw away | taran | bŭtan | matan | buei Thirsty | bodūch ashūng | haus | karing ashung | haûs Vegetables | kudōsh | ŭngkŭnūch | apu | daûn kayu Wing | orad | arad | arat | sayap White | buda | buda | ranagu | putih Well (baik) | kena | paguch | baik | baiak Walk | ponu | jalan | berjalan | bejalei Woman | dayung | dayung | mahu | indu Wife | sowūn | ŭshaū | saûun | bini Water | piīn | umon | paīn | ai Weary | kowūk | kunyoch | tukur | lelak Wind (the) | sobak | mohu | nyaru | angin Worms (stomach) | regyu | ŭngkiho | biar | belut Work (to) | kamīnyang | kaminyang | mukut | jama What? | uni, mani | ŭnich | jai | aû Whither? | kamaki | gupich | kumē | kini Whence? | so aki | sopich | utung adumē | arini Who? | osi | osi | asi | apa Young | mura | ŭngōd | angot | mudei Yesterday | ŭnu mījach | ngŭndu | rami | kamahi Year | sawa | sowa | sawa | taun PRONOUNS:-- | | | | I | aku | aku | ikin | aku Thou | kuu | omu | ako | kōa He | eiyūch | aiyech | ini | tu We | kiech | ami | kaī | kami (exclusive of | | | | persons addressed.) | | | | kitei (inclusive.) Ye | ŭngan | kita | akum | kita They | eiyūch | aiyech | ini | tu NUMERALS:-- | | | | One | ni, ikan | | | Two | duūch | | | Three | taru | | | Four | pat | | | Five | rimūch | | | Six | num | | | Seven | juh | | | Eight | maï | | | Nine | priï | | | Ten | simūng | | | --------------------+-----------------+---------------+---------------+--------------------

I add now a short vocabulary, forwarded to me by the Rev. William Gomez, who has been stationed at Lundu during many years. It involves a little repetition, but is useful to compare with that collected by the Rev. William Chalmers. By Lundu, Mr. Gomez refers to the original inhabitants of that river.

NAMES OF TEN MEN AND WOMEN IN THE TRIBE.

Husband. Wife.
1. Kalong, O. K. Gunja.
2. Gali Binda.
3. Langi Rinja.
4. Itak Indak.
5. Samuling Rimba.
6. Nyinkong Jeba.
7. Bulang Mingga.
8. Lunsong Burong.
9. Mangga Sara.
10. Sageng Tamo.

HEIGHTS.

MEN.

OK Istia Rajah 5 ft. 2½ in.
Garai 5 ft. 4 in.
Bulang 5 ft. 3 in.
Jinal 4 ft. 10½ in.
Lunsong 4 ft. 11 in.

WOMEN.
Pungut 5 ft.
Ria 4 ft. 10½ in.

SPECIMENS OF THE DAYAK LANGUAGE.

-------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+------------- ---- | SABUYAU. | LARA. | SALAKAU. | LUNDU. -------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+------------- NUMERALS:-- | | | | One | sa | asa | asa | ni Two | dua | dua | dua | duo Three | tiga | taru | talu | taru Four | ampat | apat | ampat | pat Five | lima | rima | lima | rimo Seven | tujoh | ijo | tujoh | jo Eight | lapan | mahi | delapan | mahi Nine | sambilan | pire | sambilan | pire Ten | sapuloh | sapuloh | sapuloh | samoong | | | | Waist | punggong | apakng | pinggang | kupong Navel | pusat | pusat | pusat | pesud Knee | pala paton | tukung | tuut | bakorob Foot | kaki | kaja | paha | po, on Heel | tumbit | tigak | tumit | tiga Skin | kulit | kurit | ku, it | kulit Bone | tulang | turakng | tuang | tulang Flesh | isi | insin | isi | daging Sinew | uhat | uhat | urat | at Milk | susu | susu | susu | sisun Heart | ati | ate | hati | atin Spleen | kuha | kura | kura | kura Gall | umpadu | umpadu | padu | podun Brains | untak | untuk | otak | otuk Blood | daha | daya | darah | daya Spittle | di lioh | rayakng | ai uja | royang Snivel | insak | buduk | edoh | dok Tears | ai mata | pain matu | ai mata | eu boton Perspiration | peloh | adas | pau | das Dandriff | daki | dunuk | dati | ing Pus | nana | penunu | nana | penona Face | mua | bahas | muha | jawin Dumb | bisu | awa | awa | Deaf | bengal | bagi | banga | bangam Blind | buta | buta | buta | buta Dimness | ulon | kabor | kabor | kabor Stammer | kat | mah | awah | awah Silly | budon | bagah | bagah | budoh Mad | gila | gila | gila | gila Cough | batok | mukut | batok | mukud Boil | bisul | tampusu | bisoan | perkis Sea | laut | laut | laut | kirekng Sun | matahari | matoano | mata ari | mata nanu Moon | bulan | buran | buan | bulan Star | bintang | bintang | bintang | bintang Light | trang | tawas | tarang | java Darkness | petang | petakng | petang | mapong Heat | panas | jara | darang | putek Cold | chelap | panut | dingin | modud Cloud | remang | rahu | niga | gening ayong Lightning | kilat | kilat | elak | kilat Thunder | guntoh | guntor | guntor | dudu Rainbow | unggoaja | meraje | antu ai | berengan Mankind | manusia | sok | manusia | nyaah Man | ohang laki | areh | angaki | nyaah dadari Woman | ohang indoh | mahu | ang bini | dayung Body | tuboh | ungan | tuboh | genan Hair | bok | abok | bu, uk | bok Head | pala | abak | kapala | bak Forehead | dahi | kaning | kaning | uru Temples | pisan | kingkek | tangengeng | ponyip Eyebrow | bulu keneng | bulu rimin | bulu ramang | kening Eye | mata | matu | mata | botun Ear | pendeng | rajak | tere, nyek | kajip Nose | idong | dudukng | idong | nogong Cheek | pipi | kuko | koko | panig, ng Mouth | mulut | baba | mulut | beba Tongue | dila | rata | jia | jera Lip | mulut | bibih | bibir | bibin Teeth | gigi | japu | gigi | jupon Neck | hakong | jangok | tegeh | tungoh Chin | dagu | rākng | jago | rang Back | blakang | rutuk | ba, ikang | punok Feet | kaki | kaja | paha | po, on Hand | langan | barekng | angan | tangan Chest | dada | sadoh | dada | sodo Finger | tunjok | terinyo | kukot | terinyo Nails | kuku | siru | kuku | sirun Stomach | prut | putukng | parut | tain Fire | api | api | api | apoi Smoke | asap | asup | asap | asu Rain | hujan | hujan | hujan | jan Wind | angin | nyaru | angin | sebak Storm | bahat | tupan | nyaru | ribut Sand | paseh | krasik | krasik | sumat Stone | batu | batu | batu | batu Mountain | bukit | mungu | bukit | doron Hill | munggu | muton | muton | motang Mud | reboh | paya | ochak | rapak -------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+-------------