Chapter CXXII: Book I: Part II

I. Disintegration and Reintegration. For a general survey of philosophical thought during the period see W. H. Hudson, _Philosophies Ancient and Modern_ (London, 1908); Woodbridge Riley, _American Thought from Puritanism to Pragmatism_ (New York, 1915); William Archibald Dunning, _A History of Political Theories from Rousseau to Spencer_ (New York, 1920).

Condorcet, Isidore, August Marie François Xavier, _Ouvres_ (Paris, 1847). See also _A General View of Positivism_ (Translated by H. J. Bridges, London, c. 1908).

Herbert Spencer, _Works_ (18 vols., New York, 1915); see also his _Illustrations of Universal Progress; a Series of Discussions_ (New York, 1890).

Ernst Heinrich Haeckel, _The Riddle of the Universe at the Close of the Nineteenth Century_ (New York and London, 1900); and his _History of Creation_ (2 vols., New York, 1914).

John Fiske, _American Political Ideas, Viewed from the Standpoint of Universal History_ (New York, 1899); _Darwinism and Other Essays_ (New ed. rev. and enl., Boston, 1892); _The Destiny of Man, Viewed in the Light of his Origin_ (18 ed., Boston and New York, 1892); _Essays Historical and Literary_ (2 vols., New York and London, 1902); _Excursions of an Evolutionist_ (Boston and New York, 1892); _The Idea of God as Affected by Modern Knowledge_ (Boston and New York, 1892); _Life Everlasting_ (Boston and New York, 1902); _Outlines of Cosmic Philosophy, Based on the Doctrine of Evolution, with Criticisms of the Positive Philosophy_ (4 vols., Boston and New York, c. 1903); _Through Nature to God_ (Boston and New York, 1899); _Unseen World and Other Essays_ (11th ed., Boston, 1876). For his life see J. S. Clark, _Life and Letters of John Fiske_ (2 vols., Boston, 1917); and Henry Holt, _Garrulities of an Octogenarian Editor, with Other Essays Somewhat Biographical and Autobiographical_ (Boston and New York, 1923).

II. The Skepticisms of the House of Adams. Henry Adams, _The Degradation of the Democratic Dogma_ (New York: 1920); _Democracy, a Novel_ (New York, 1880); _The Education of Henry Adams_ (New York, 1918); _History of the United States during the Administration of Jefferson and Madison_ (9 vols., New York, 1890-1898); _John Randolph_ (Boston, 1895); _Letters to a Niece and Prayer to the Virgin of Chartres; with a Niece’s Memoirs by Mabel La Farge_ (Boston and New York, 1920); _Life of Albert Gallatin_ (Philadelphia, 1880); _Mont-Saint-Michel and Chartres_ (Boston and New York, 1913).

Brooks Adams, _America’s Economic Supremacy_ (New York, 1900); _Law of Civilization and Decay: an Essay on History_ (New York, 1895); _The New Empire_ (New York, London, 1902); _The Theory of Social Revolutions_ (New York, 1913).

Charles Francis Adams, Jr., and Henry Adams, _Chapters of Erie and Other Essays_ (Boston, 1871); Charles Francis Adams, Jr., _Charles Francis Adams 1835-1915; an Autobiography_ (Boston and New York, 1916). See also W. C. Ford, _A Cycle of Adams Letters, 1861-1865_ (2 vols., Boston and New York, 1920).

III. Victorian Realism. For material in Parrington’s introduction to