Chapter XXXIV: Book I: Part I

I. English Backgrounds: For the broader European movements, see Preserved Smith, _The Age of the Reformation_ (New York, 1920). For English movements, see David Masson, _Life of Milton_ (6 vols., London, 1859-80). The important ideas of Luther will be found in _An Open Letter to the Christian Nobility of the German Nation Concerning the Reform of the Christian State_ (1520); _The Babylonian Captivity of the Church_ (1520); _A Treatise on Christian Liberty_ (1520). For discussion, see L. H. Waring, _The Political Theories of Martin Luther_ (New York and London, 1910). For Calvin, see Williston Walker, _John Calvin, The Organiser of Reformed Protestantism_ (New York and London, 1906; with bibliographical note).

II. The Transplanting of Ideas: For political history see James Truslow Adams, _The Founding of New England_ (Boston, 1921). For literary history consult the invaluable work of Moses Coit Tyler, _A History of American Literature, 1607-1765_ (2 vols., New York, 1878). Histories of Congregationalism will be found in Henry M. Dexter, _The Congregationalism of the Last Three Hundred Years as Seen in Its Literature_ (New York, 1880; with full bibliography); Williston Walker, _A History of the Congregational Churches in the United States_ (New York, 1900); also W. Walker, _Creeds and Platforms of Congregationalism_ (New York, 1893).

III. John Cotton: Little of Cotton’s work has been reprinted. _A Reply to Mr. Williams His Examination_ was reissued in _Narragansett Club Pub._, Vol. II, pp. 1-240. His most important work is _The Way of the Congregational Churches Cleared_ (London, 1648).

No life has been written. See Cotton Mather’s _Magnalia_; W. Walker’s _Ten New England Leaders_ (New York, 1901); A. Young, _John Cotton’s Life and Letters. Chronicles of the First Planters, etc._ (Boston, 1846).

John Winthrop: _Journal ..._ (Hartford, 1790); as _The History of New England ..._ edited by J. Savage (2 vols., Boston, 1825-26, 1853); edited by J. K. Hosmer (2 vols., New York, 1908).

See R. C. Winthrop, _Life and Letters of John Winthrop_ (2 vols., Boston, 1863, 1866, 1869, 1895). J. Twitchell, _John Winthrop, First Governor of Massachusetts_ (New York, 1892).

IV. Thomas Hooker: His works have not been reprinted. The _Survey of the Summe of Church-Discipline ..._ was published in London in 1648. Contemporary notes of his _Sermon before the General Court on May 31, 1638_, were printed with comment by J. Hammond Trumbull, in _Conn. Hist. Soc. Col._, Vol. I, No. 19.

For his life, see G. L. Walker, _Thomas Hooker, Preacher, Founder, Democrat_ (New York, 1891; with bibliography by J. H. Trumbull).

Roger Williams: _The Works of Roger Williams. Edited by members of the Narragansett Club_ (6 vols., Providence, 1866-1874).

No satisfactory life has been written. The best is Oscar S. Straus, _Roger Williams, the Pioneer of Religious Liberty_ (New York, 1894). See also Edmund J. Carpenter, _Roger Williams: A Study of the Life, Times and Character of a Political Pioneer_ (New York, 1909; Grafton Hist. Series).